高中英语语法代词及练习

第三讲代词

代词主要分为以下几类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词，指示代词, 疑问代词, 不定代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。

1、人称代词

(1)在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别。(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：

在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二三一（人称）。宾格me也一样。

You ,she and I will be in charge of the case.

Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.

(3)she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。

The “Titanic”was the largest, wasn’t she?

(4) it 指代baby

Look at that baby. It's lovely.

(5)It 作形式主语

It is wrong to build a chemical factory here.

2.物主代词

（1）one’s own…=...of one’s own句式的转换。do sth. on one's own= do sth by oneself

（2）某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。

如：take sb. by the arm

3.反身代词

（1）反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。

（2）反身代词和某些动词连有，构成固定短语。

enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood adapt oneself to seat oneself devote oneself to sth

4.指示代词（this, that , these, those, such, ）

(1)为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。

The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.

The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.

（2）such和same的用法。

(i). such指“这样的”人或事，在句中作主语。

Such was the story.

Such was Einstein, a simple man of great achievement.

(ii) such 修饰名词，做定语

I didn't expect to meet such great trouble in the work.

这家店出售手套，帽子和运动鞋之类的东西。______________________.

We have never seen such a tall building..=so tall a building

5、疑问代词（who,whom,which,what,whose）

(1)疑问代词与介词的连用

To whom did he give the message?

你为谁买的蓝西装？________________________

6、不定代词

（1）some与any （都有代词的名词和形容词用法）,anyone, anybody

i)一般用法：some、any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连有。some一般用于肯定句，any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。

He has some Chinese paintings.

Do you have any questions to ask?

I don’t know any of the students/ any students.

any 用于否定句，包括否定副词

E.g. The man rarely writes to any of his friends.

特殊用法：

①any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。

Any child can do that.（定语）

You may take any of them.（代词的名词用法）

②some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。

Smith went to some place in England.（定语）

③在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。

Would you like some bananas?（邀请）

ii) any, anyone, anybody, anything

any one of+短语

I didn't know any (one) of the teachers there.

I didn't see anyone there.

---Whom do you want to interview?

--- Anyone.

(2)one

①one可以指人或物，表示“一个”的意思，其复数为ones,指人时，其所有格是one’s，反身代词是oneself. One should try one’s best to serve the people. Could you show me a skirt? The green one, I mean.

ones可以代替上文提到过的名词，以免重复，前面可以跟these, those