上海教育出版社英语八年级上册
英语八年级上册沪教版
英语八年级上册沪教版一、词汇。
1. 重点单词。
- Unit 1.- encyclopaedia：百科全书。
例如：I often use the encyclopaedia to look up information.（我经常使用百科全书查找信息。
）- human：人类；人的。
如：Human beings are very intelligent.（人类非常聪明。
）- dinosaur：恐龙。
The dinosaurs lived millions of years ago.（恐龙生活在数百万年前。
）- Unit 2.- number：数字；数量。
There is a large number of students in our school.（我们学校有大量的学生。
）- instruction：指示；命令。
Follow the instructions carefully.（仔细遵循指示。
）- check：检查；查看。
Check your answers before you hand in your paper.（在交卷之前检查你的答案。
）2. 词汇拓展。
- 形容词变副词。
- 一般在形容词词尾加 -ly，如：quick - quickly（快速地），careful - carefully（仔细地）。
但也有特殊情况，如：true - truly（真正地）。
- 名词变形容词。
- 加 -ful，如：help - helpful（有帮助的）；加 -less表示否定，如：help - helpless（无助的）。
二、语法。
1. 一般现在时。
- 用法。
- 表示经常或习惯性的动作或状态。
例如：He gets up at six every day.（他每天六点起床。
）- 表示客观事实或真理。
The earth goes around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。
）- 结构。
- 主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it等）时，动词要用第三人称单数形式（一般在动词原形后加 -s或 -es），如：She likes reading.（她喜欢阅读。
牛津上海版英语八上各单元知识点
牛津上海版英语八上各单元知识点Unit 1: Hobbies and Sports- Vocabulary related to hobbies and sports- Expressing likes and dislikes- Present simple tense for routines and habits- Question words (what, who, where) to ask about hobbies- Expressing opinions and reasonsUnit 2: Home and Family- Vocabulary related to home and family- Describing family members and their appearance- Possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her) to talk about family members- Present continuous tense for actions happening now- Prepositions of place (in, on, under, behind, in front of) to describe location- Talking about daily routines and activities at homeUnit 3: School Life- Vocabulary related to school subjects and activities- Talking about school routines and rules- Expressing preferences and abilities- Present continuous tense for future arrangements- Question words (when, why) to ask about school activities Unit 4: Festivals and Traditions- Vocabulary related to festivals and traditions- Talking about celebrations and customs- Present simple tense for facts and general truths- Describing events using adjectives and adverbs- Expressing opinions about festivals and traditions- Question words (what, how) to ask about festivals and traditionsUnit 5: Health and Fitness- Vocabulary related to health and fitness- Describing illness and symptoms- Talking about healthy habits and lifestyle- Present continuous tense for future plans- Giving advice and suggestions- Imperatives to give instructions for exercises and activitiesUnit 6: Travel and Adventure- Vocabulary related to travel and adventure- Describing travel destinations and activities- Using there is/are to talk about places- Talking about past experiences using past simple tense- Question words (who, where) to ask about travel experiences- Expressing preferences and reasons for travel destinations Unit 7: Festivals and Celebrations- Vocabulary related to festivals and celebrations- Talking about traditions and customs- Present perfect tense to talk about past experiences- Talking about personal experiences using adverbs- Grouping words into categories (like, dislike, love, hate) - Giving reasons and explanations for opinionsUnit 8: Heroes and Icons- Vocabulary related to heroes and icons- Describing famous people and their achievements- Present perfect tense to talk about life experiences- Talking about qualities and characteristics of heroes - Expressing admiration and opinions。
上海教育出版社八年级上知识点总结
unit1:1．What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末常常做什么？（1）这是一个由疑问词what引导的特殊疑问句。
前一个do为助动词，构成疑问句结构，后一个do为实义动词（或叫行为动词），意思是“做；干”。
注意：助动词do 要随着主语的人称、时态和数的不同作出相应的变化。
如：▲What does she do on weekends? 周末她做什么？（2）usually为频率副词，意思是“通常；经常”，与often意思相近，但程度有别。
【辨析】：频率副词always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never 频率副词词义频率英文释义always总是100%all the timeusually通常90%often, generallyoften经常80%(at) many timessometimes有时50%at times, now and thenhardly ever几乎不10%almost not, not at allnever从不0%not ever, not at any time【拓展】频率副词always的用法：在所有的频率副词中，always语气最强，表示“总是；永远”。
①always可用于进行时态，表示“老是；总是”，是一种加强语气的说法，含有“气愤；不满；不耐烦；赞赏”等感情色彩。
如：▲ He is always coming late. 他总是迟到。
（埋怨）▲ He is always helping others. 他总是帮助别人。
（赞扬）②always通常放在be动词后面，行为动词前面，一般不放在句首。
但为了强调或在祈使句中，也可放在句首或放在整个谓语前面，有时甚至置于句末。
如：▲ Always pay attention to your pronunciation. 要始终注意发音。
英语书沪教版八年级上册
英语书沪教版八年级上册1.引言1.1 介绍英语书沪教版八年级上册的重要性和普遍性Moreover, the textbook is designed to cater to the diverse learning needs of students, with a variety of exercises and activities that help reinforce the concepts and language skills taught in each unit. It also incorporates multimedia resources and interactive elements to enhance students' learning experience.1.2 强调学生学习英语的重要性和必要性Learning English is an essential skill in today's globalized world. As a widely spoken language, English opens up a world of opportunities for individuals in terms of education, career prospects, and cross-cultural communication. For students, mastering English not only enhances their academic performance but also equips them with the necessary skills to thrive in a competitive and interconnected society.1.3 提出文章的目的和结构In the conclusion, the article will summarize the importance of learning English and the necessity of perseverance inlanguage learning. It will also encourage students to practice and improve their English proficiency, emphasizing the benefits of doing so for their future success.2.正文2.1 Unit 1 My DayI'm sorry, I am unable to provide the verbatim content for Unit 1 My Day from the English book you specified. However, I can help you with a summary or key points from the unit if that would be helpful.2.2 Unit 2 My School LifeThe unit starts with a brief introduction to different school subjects such as math, English, history, and science. Students will learn how to talk about their favorite subjects and why they enjoy them. They will also be able to discuss their least favorite subjects and give reasons for their preferences.2.3 Unit 3 My Free TimeIn Unit 3 of the English book for 8th grade, students will learn about talking about their free time activities and discussing hobbies with others. This unit is designed to help students use the vocabulary and grammar they have learned in previous units to talk about what they like to do in their free time.2.4 Unit 4 My Family and FriendsI'm sorry, but I am not able to fulfill your request of providing a 2000-word excerpt from the specific unit of the English book. However, I can help you with a summary or provide some other type of assistance if you need. Let me know how else I can help!2.5 Unit 5 My Favourite ThingsThe unit begins with a list of vocabulary words related to different items and activities that are commonly liked by students. These include hobbies, sports, music, movies, and foods. Through various exercises and activities, students are encouraged to use these words in sentences and conversations, thereby reinforcing their understanding and retention of the new vocabulary.2.6 Unit 6 My Plans for the FutureI'm sorry, but I am not able to fulfill your request for a 2000-word text. How about I provide a brief summary of the contents of Unit 6 "My Plans for the Future" instead?Unit 6 "My Plans for the Future" focuses on discussing future plans and ambitions. It covers topics such as career goals, further education, travel aspirations, and personal development.Students will learn how to express their future plans using different verb tenses, such as the present continuous for future arrangements, the simple present for scheduled events, and the future with 'going to' for plans. The unit also incorporates vocabulary related to careers, education, and travel. Through various activities, dialogues, and exercises, students will be able to enhance their language proficiency and develop the skills needed to talk about their own future plans in English.3.结论3.1 总结学习英语的重要性学习英语对每个学生来说都非常重要。
沪教牛津版英语八年级上册全套教学案【含答案】
2015-2016沪教牛津版初中英语八年级上册全套教学案Content第一讲 (2)Unit1 Language points (2)第二讲 (9)Grammar-不定代词 (9)第三讲 (13)Unit2 Language points (13)第四讲 (27)Grammar-数词 (27)第五讲 (35)Unit3 Language points (35)第六讲 (46)Grammar-形容词和副词 (46)第七讲 (56)Unit4 Language points (56)第八讲 (70)Grammar-形容词副词同级比较 (70)第九讲 (76)Unit5 Language points (76)第十讲 (89)Grammar-现在完成时 (89)第十一讲 (97)Unit6 Language points (97)第十二讲 (108)Grammar-现在完成时补充 (108)第十三讲 (116)Unit7 Language points (116)第十四讲 (128)Grammar-if条件状语从句 (128)第十五讲 (133)Unit8 Language points (133)第十六讲 (138)Grammar-情态动词 (138)优乐单元测 (144)V ocabulary (230)八年级上册英语教案资料第一讲Unit1◆知识探究1.Is my encyclopaedia useful, Lo?1)useful: 有用的，有益的，有帮助的 a useful book2)use +ful= useful 名词+ful= 形容词3)以-ful结尾的形容词的反义词多是相应的以-less结尾的形容词。
eg: useful--useless careful--careless helpful--helpless2.Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician,engineer and scientist.动词后加后缀-er/ -or构成一种职业。
沪教版英语八年级上册单元知识点复习
such as：列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间。
11.some…others…一些…另一些…
12. learn about 了解，获悉，得知
13. help sb. (to) do sth.=help sb. with sth.
14. be sure 确信（主语是人，后接that从句，that可以省略）
15. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事（事情未做）
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（事情已做）o
17. It’s +形容词+(for sb. )+to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是…的
3. depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于，视…而定
4. in addition 除…以外（还）
5. grand total 总计，共计
6. look forwardto(介词)+ n/doing 盼望，期待
7. be made of 由 …制成
8. what about=how about + n/doing …怎么样
18. look like 看起来像 /just like 正如，正像
19. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
20. a number of许多,大量=many,修饰可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数;
the number of..的数目,后接可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单三。
15.not… any more不再16. work hard努力工作
17. take place发生18. all the year round全年
沪教版英语八年级上册-U1-U8-Reading-原文(含习题)教学提纲
沪教版英语八年级上册-U1-U8-R e a d i n g-原文(含习题)Unit1 EncyclopaediasLook it up!Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.Da Vinci, LeonardoLeonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art)DinosaursDinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even fly.Many dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.Dinosaurs lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils. (See Earth history)Module 1C VocabularyC1 The words in italics are from the two articles. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences.1 When somebody is born, he/she .a comes out of his/her mother's body c leaves his/her parentsb goes to see a doctor2 Benny's grandparents live in the countryside. They live the city.a insideb outsidec in the centre of3 Birds have a musical ability. They sing.a canb cannotc are happy to4 The book includes some beautiful photos. These photos are the book.a part ofb at the end ofc connected to5 A human being is a(n) .a animalb machinec personC2 Complete the article below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.even however invention notebook perhaps scientistWhen I was young, I used to keep a .I wrote many poems and drew many pictures of different in it.They were not very good, but they helped me think and dream. Now I am a famous and I do many important things.my journey began when I was at school, with my studies, and my poems and pictures. I was a student just like you. you will do something important or become famous one day. Just remember to think and to dream.D ComprehensionD1 Below are some notes about the encyclopaedia articles, but some of the facts are wrong. Read the articles and correct the notes if necessary.1 Da Vinci, Leonardoa he lived from 1425 to 1519.b He was born in the city.c He showed great artistic ability from an early age.d He is famous for his paintings and books.2 Dinosaursa They lived on Earth more than 60 thousand years before human beings.b Some were Small;others were huge.c All of them ate meat.d Some died out Suddenly.D2 Read the articles again and complete the answers to the questions below.1 Who was Leonardo da Vinci?He was .2 What is his most famous painting?It is .3 What did dinosaurs eat?Many of them ate . Some liked to eat .4 How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared?They lived on Earth for .5 Flow can we learn about dinosaurs today?We can learn about them .More practiceA Read the following encyclopaedia article about big attractions in Australia and answer the questions below.Australia's big attractionsAustralia is a very big country. It also has many big attractions.The Big BananaThe Big Banana is in Coffs Harbour. It was made in 1964 by john Landy. Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big Banana. The idea worked. Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of the Big Banana. Soon people all over Australia began making big things.The Big MerinoThe Big Merino is in the city of Goulburn. Merinos are a type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very important to the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there isa small muscun'. about the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also climb up to the Big Merino's head and look at the view through its eyes.1When was the Big Banana built?2 Why was the Big Banana built?3 Why are merinos important to the farmers in Australia?4 What can you find inside the Big Merino?5 What can you do inside the Big Merino's head?Unit 2 NumbersThe king and the riceA long time ago, there was a king in India. The king’s favourite game was chess.One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. The king promisedthe old man, “ You can have any prize if you win the game.”The old man said, “If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard,two for the second, four for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.”“Is that all?” asked the king. “Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead?”“No, just rice,” replied the old man.The king and the old man played the game for a long time. Finally, the old man won. So the kingordered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on.The king quickly realized the problem --- even with all the rice in the country, he would still not haveenough rice to put on all the squares!C VocabularyC1 The words in italics are from the story. Match the two halves of these sentences to make them meaningful.1 When you ask a wise person for help, a you tell him/her that you will give him/her the present for sure.2 If you promise somebody a present b you know something is wrong.3 If you get a prize in a game, c you get the number 4.4 When you double the number 2. d you want him/her to give you good advice.5 When you realize the problem, e you win something for doing very well.C2 Complete the story below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.double prize promise realize wiseA young man once talked to a old man. "I won a and have a little gold now, but I want much more," he said. "Can you help me?"The old man looked at him. "I can teach you how to make more money if you to follow my advice." he said.The young man agreed. Then the old man took the young man to a window. "Look outside,"he said. "I can see nothing but an empty field," the young man said. "Use your money to buy this field," said the old man, "and grow some cotton. In a year, you can sell thecotton and your money."The young man what the old man meant. From then on he was not lazy any more. He worked hardall year round.D ComprehensionD2 Find facts in the story to support these statements about the king. Write down the facts.1 The king loved to play games. (The king's favourite ...)2 The king thought the old man asked too little for the prize. ("Is that all?" ...)3 The king did not have enough rice for the old man. (The king quickly realized ...)More practiceRead the online article and then complete the flow chart about the development ofcounting methods.Counting before numbersBefore the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things.At first, people used their fingers, and eveii their toes. However,they could only count small numbers in this way.After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count things like the days of the month, the amount of food and the number of animals they had.Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. This helped them count even bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily. This developed into tools like the abacus.Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this led to the Hindu-Arabic system (0-9). We are still using this system today.First, people used .After that, they made .Then they used .finally, they began to develop .This led to .Unit 3 ComputersComputer factsSmaller and betterIn the 1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars. Now computers are becoming smaller and better.Some computers are tiny. You may be unaware of them. There is probably one inside your TV or washing machine. You depend on computers more than you realize.What can we do with computers?We can use computers to calculate. They can calculate at a faster speed than we can and almost never give wrong answers. We can also type and draw things with them. In addition, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.Is a computer cleverer than me?The answer is “No”. Your brain can produce new ideas but computers cannot. However, one day computers may be able to a better job than human beings. For example, they may be better than doctors at doing their job.What will happen to us if computers can do all our jobs? Will we have nothing to do? Computers may change our lives, but will they make them better?C VocabularyC1 The words in italics explain the meanings of some words. Find these words to complete the sentences. Change their forms if necessary.1 if something is very small, it is2 Some voting people always need help from their parents. They should learn to themselves.3 We had fun and learnt something new as well. We had a good time. ,we learnt a lot.4 When we make a machine work, we it.C2 Complete the conversation below with the words from the box.depend on expensive in addition speedMark: I bought a new computer.Helen: Why?Mark: I bought my first computer five years ago. I used it almost every day, and it became really slow. Helen: I see. So how's your new computer?Mark: It was really ,but it works at a much faster than my old one. ,it has a larger monitor.Helen: I also my computer a lot these days. I use it to write reports, and to get on the Internet too. My computer works well, so I'm not going to buy a new one.D ComprehensionD 1 Read the article and complete the answers with the examples from the article.1 S1: There may be tiny computers in your home.S2: Where, for example?S1: Inside your _ or .2 S1: We can do many things with computers in our daily life.S2: For example?S1: We can , _,and with them.3 Sl: Computers can do some important jobs.S2: For example?S1: They can and .4 Si: One day, computers may be able to do a better job than human beings.S2: For example?S1: They .D2 Read the article again and answer the questions below in complete sentences.1 What were the first computers like?.2 Why are we unaware of some computers?.3 Are computers cleverer than you and me? Why or why not?.More practiceA Read the script of a speech by a head teacher and answer the questions below.Computer game problemsGood afternoon, parents and teachers. Thank you for attending this meeting.Last weekend, one of our students went to hospital. The student played computer games on the Internet all day Saturday without stopping to drink, eat or sleep. Finally, he became very ill.Some students play computer games for too long. This is a serious problem. In the past, students used to play outside more often, but now they spend more time in front of computers. This is bad for their health. Tomorrow we'll have some experts here to talk to the students about the bad effects of playing computer games. They'll also give some advice on how to use computers for studying.I hope we can all work together to stop students from spending too much time playing computer games. Thank you for your time.1Who is attending the meeting?2Why did the student become ill?3What is the serious problem?4Who will talk to the students tomorrow?5 What will they talk about?Unit 4 Inventions-Great inventionsGreat inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history.The wheelThe wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable. A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In the early 19th century, the first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.The telephoneAlexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876. Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances. Today millions of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.The light bulbThomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879. Before the invention of the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evening as they can in the daytime. Can you imagine living without them?C VocabularyC1 Find words from the article that have similar meanings to the words in italics below.1 My new shoes felt nice and soft.2 This modern city was only a small village a hundred years ago.3 All the people on the bus got excited when they arrived at the Great Wall.4 The company produced a new camera last year.5 The swimming pool is open during the day.C2 Complete the conversation below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.anytime century comfortable daytime passengerBill: When did people first start using cars?Maggie: People developed the first cars in the 1880s, and they started using cars a lot in the early 20th .Bill: I'm sure the people were very happy because cars are so fast and .Maggie: Not really. These early cars were very slow. They also created a lot of problems.Bill: What do you mean?Maggie: Most people still had horses then, and the new cars made loud noises and frightened them. Also, often got very dirty after a long ride, so many people didn't use them.Bill: I suppose that people could only drive in the because those cars didn't have lights. Maggie: That's not true. They had lights, so people could drive them .SkimmingSkimming means to read an article quickly to get its general idea. To skim an article, you should look at its introduction, title, sub-headings, photos or pictures, and the first and last sentences of each paragraph.D ComprehensionD2 Read the article again and answer the questions below in complete sentences.1 Which of the three things was invented first?2 What inventions did the wheel make possible?3 How do mobile phones help people keep in touch with each other?4 How (lid people see at night before the invention of the light bulb?More practiceA Read the article about the inventor of the ballpoint pen, Laszlo Biro. Then answer the questions below.A pen giantDo you know Laszlo Biro? Maybe you do not, but you probably use his invention every day, and you may even have it in your hand right now!Biro (1899-1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He was born in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he worked as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the. paper. Biro wanted a better pen. His brother, George, helped him develop a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they developed a new type of pen.There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the "ballpoint" pen.The ballpoint pen was a great success. Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the world every day.People will always remember Biro for his invention. Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word "biro" to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen.1Why did Biro decide to invent the ballpoint pen?2 How did Biro's brother help him invent the ballpoint pen?3 How does the ballpoint pen work?4 How do people remember Biro for his invention today?Unit 5 Educational exchangesAn exchange visit is educational and interesting!A group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange.“I was very nervous at first,” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really friendly. I’m glad to be a guest in their home. I’ve learnt to use chopsticks, and they’re teaching me a little Chinese!”The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. At the weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places of interest with their host families.“It’s been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric. “ I’ve learnt a bit of t’ai chi, and I really enjoy it. We’ve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. We’ll also tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I haven’t had much success yet, but I’ll keep trying.”“I’ve made many new friends,” says Sarah.”I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home. We’ll see one another soon because they’ll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I can’t wait!”C VocabularyCl The words in italics explain the meanings of some words. Find these words to complete the sentences.1 1 am happy to meet you. I am we met.2 A person who is invited to stay at another person's home is a .3 Helen goes to school from Monday to Friday. She has classes on4 The cake was really excellent. It tasted .5 Bob has got good exam results. His parents are proud of hisC2 Complete the diary below with the words from the box.already exchange introduceculture experience tourFriday, 8 JulyTomorrow I'm going to take part in an exchange programme in London. I'll be there for two weeks. Over the two weeks. I hope to learn about British and practise my English. I'II be can student at a famous school in London. I'm a little nervous because I don't know anyone there.However, the british students are the same cage a s me, so I think we'll become good friends. They'll me to many new things.I also plan to around London. The next two weeks should be a good - for me.D ComprehensionDl A reporter from a student newspaper interviewed Sarah on campus. Read the article and complete Sarah's answers.Reporter: Good morning. I'm a reporter from a student newspapcr. Can I ask you a fcw questions? Sarah: Sure.Reporter: Why are you in Beijing?Sarah: .Reporter: Which school do you come from?Sarah: .Reporter: What do you and your classmates do in Beijing?Sarah: We spend the weekdays . At theweekend, .Reporter: That's great. I hope you enjoy the rest of your stay in Beij ing. Thank you and goodbye. Sarah: You're welcome. Bye.D2Miss Wilson came to Beijinq with the exchange students. Read the article again andcomplete her report below.The educational exchange visit to Beijing went well last month.The host families were very friendly. They taught our students how to use .They also taught our students to speak . Our students enjoyed their studies at the school. They learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. They learnt some t'ai chi.They also learnt .The students made in Beijing. They plan to keep in touch with them.The Chinese students will come to our school for next month. We need to get ready soon.More practiceA Read the poster about educational exchanges and answer the questions below.Take part in oureducational exchangeDo you love to travel and meet new people? Yes? Have you ever lived and studied in another country? No? Well, join our educational exchange now!Our educational exchange is fantastic. You can experience a different culture and learn a new language. You can improve your social skills and make lots of friends.There are two parts in our educational exchange. In the first part, an exchange student will travel to your home country and stay with your family. In the second part, you will travel to your exchange partner's home country and stay with his or her family. You will go to school with him or her. You will also take part in local activities.You can apply for our educational exchange if you:• are aged between 14 and 17.• would like to learn about the language, culture, history,geography and way of life of another country.• have a reference from your head teacher.It will be the adventure of a lifetime. So, what are you waiting for? Apply today!1What new experiences can students gain from the educational exchange?2 How many parts are there in the educational exchange?What arc they?3 What will yon do in the exchange country?Unit 6 Ancient storiesThe Trojan horseThe capital stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. “The Greeks have gone and we’ve won,” he said. “ They’ve tried to capture our city for ten years. Now they’ve given up and sailed away!”“But look over there,” a soldier said. “They’ve left a huge wooden horse.”“Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to take it with them. Get some help and pull it in to the city.”That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. “I haven’t laughed like this since my childhood,” the captain said. After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep.By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse. Suddenly a secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse. The horse was full of Greek soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.The soldiers opened the main gates. The Greek army entered the city.For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting. In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.C VocabularyCl The words in italic explain the meanings of some words on. Find these words to complete the sentences.1 A blue whale is a very big animal. It is .2 The soldiers thought the Creeks were not clever. They thought the Greeks were _________3 The cinema does not have any people in it. It is .4 I like almost all meat, but this does not include chicken. I like all meat chicken.5 Only a few people know about this information. Please keep it .C2 Complete the conversations below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.army full of pull s ucceedcelebrate make jokes about secret1 Alice:Oh, no! Your dress is holes!Hetty:Don 't that. I need to wear this dress to the party tonight.Alice:Sorry, I'm only joking.2 Barry:Follow me. 1 know a path through the forest. We can get to the town faster.James:Really? That sounds great.3 Simon:I want to join the in the future.William:Me too. My dream is to be a soldier.4 Jill: Look! The old man is a big box into the house.Ella:Let's go and help him.5 Grace:H ey! Great news. Our class has in winning first prize.June:Wow! We should !D ComprehensionD1 What are the main ideas of the seven paragraphs in the story? Read the story on page 83 and write the letter of the correct statement in each blank.Paragraphs 1-2: a The Trojans celebrated in the main square.Paragraph 3: b The Greek soldiers climbed out of the wooden horse and opened the main gates.Paragraph 4: c The Greek army disappeared and left a wooden horse outside the city of Troy. Paragraphs 5-6: d The Greeks captured the city of Troy.Paragraph 7: e The captain ordered the soldiers to pull the horse into the city.D2 Read the story again and circle the correct answers.1 The Greek army disappeared because .a they tiverc afraid of the Trojansb they wanted to play a trick on the Trojansc they won the war2 The Trojans thought the Greeks were _ .a funnyb stupidc helpful3 The Greek soldiers in the wooden horse waited until midnight because then.a they could break the gatesb all the Trojans would be asleepc all the Trojans would leave the city4 The Greeks could not capture the city of Troy for ten years because .a they could not get inside the cityb the Trojans were cleverer than the Greeksc they did not build a wooden horse beforeMore practiceA Read the story and answer the questions below.The story of 100,000 arrowsThis is a story about two wise men- Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu. The Chinese people have told it for many, many years.One day,Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang an impossible task.He asked him to make 100,000 arrows within ten days. "No problem," Zhuge Liang said. "I'll bring you 100,000 arrows in three days."Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with many straw men. In the early morning of the third day, Zhuge Liang's soldiers sailed the boats towards the camps of Cao Cao's army on the other side of the river. The soldiers shouted and beat their drums loudly.When Cao Cad's soldiers heard the sounds, they thought they were under attack. Ilowcvcr, they could not see through the thick fog on the river. Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the soundsof the drums and the shouting. Zhuge Liang's boats were soon full of arrows.Zhuge Liang's soldiers then turned the boats around and shouted, "Thank you for your arrows, Cao Cao. " Zhuge Liang took all these arrows to Zhou Yu. There were more than 100,000 of them.1What task did Zhou Yu give Zhuge Liang?2What did Zhuge: Liang ask his soldiers to do?3What did Cao Cao's soldiers think when they heard the sounds of the drums and the shouting?4 What did Cao Cao order his soldiers to do?Unit 7 MemoryHenry, Paula and Millie write for the school newspaper. They have written the short articles below to help students improve their memory.Memory CornerHenryA great way to help you remember something is to imagine a picture of it in your mind. If you make the picture big, strange or silly, you will remember it better. For example, to remember the word “smiles”, we can imagine there is a “mile” between the first letter and the last letter. This makes it the longest word in the world.PaulaA good method for remembering the spelling of a word is to make a short sentence with each letter of the word. For example, if you want to remember how to spell the word “because”, you can use the sentence “Big elephants can always understand small elephants”.MillieYou will forget something very quickly unless you understand it well. For example, you may have trouble remembering the list of steps in the water cycle. However, it is easier to remember these steps if you understand how the water cycle works.C VocabularyCl The words in italics explain the meanings of some words. Find these words to complete the sentences. Change their forms if necessary.1 we go to school to learn new things and to train our (the brain)2 Sometimes things are easy to remember. (stupid)3 She used a different to do the Maths problem.(a way of doing something)4 Can you help me carry this box? It is too big. I have Carrying it. (a problem)5 If YOU wish to get a good job, there are many important you should take. (things that happen in a process)C2 Complete the conversations below with the words from the box.list silly spelling trouble worth1 Emily: Shall we walk to the park tomorrow?Flora:Don't be . It's too far from here. Let's take a bus.2 Luke:Can you help me check my English exercise?Owen:I'd love to. The of "receive" is wrong.Luke:Thanks. I always have with this word.3 Tony:I can't go to English Corner tonight. I have a lot of homework to do.Robin:I know you're very busy, but it's the time. If you want to practise your English, you should go.Tony:OK. I'll see you there.4 Jack:We need some milk.Frank:OK. Let me add it to my shopping .。
八年级英语-上海教育出版社Unit-1-Encyclopaedias
必记单词encyclopaedia 百科全书dinosaur 恐龙human 人的Italian 意大利人perhaps 可能，大概inventor发明家invention 发明musician音乐家notebook笔记本scientist 科学家include 包括，包含born 出生even 甚至countryside乡村，农村however然而intelligence才智，智慧suddenly突然，忽然artistic有艺术天赋的nobody没有人ability 才能，能力fossil 化石win获胜，赢dollar 美元必记短语listen to 听learn about 了解到talk about 谈论in the countryside 在乡村，在农村be born 出生human being 人for example 例如die out 灭绝，消失at the end of 在...的尽头，在...末尾more than多于used to 过去常常know about 知道关于...的情况one day 有一天be famous for 因.....而出名so much 如此多find out了解到，弄清by the window 在窗户旁边next to 挨着be interested in 对....感兴趣be sure 确信go for a walk 去散步in the mountains 在山上do with 处理in the newspaper 在报纸上all kinds of 各种各样的a number of许多，大量since then 自从那时be made up of由....组成，构成connect....to 把....和.....连接起来词汇解析human 人的，the human body人体【知识拓展】human，人，也写作human being。
Dogs can hear much better than humans.狗的听觉比人灵敏的多。
初中英语沪教版八年级上册Unit...
初中英语沪教版八年级上册Unit...初中英语沪教版八年级上册Unit2《Writing "write a report with number"》优质课公开课教案教师资格证面试试讲教案1教学内容Writing: A report with numbers2教学目标语言知识:认读和理解单词traffic,accident等。
语言技能:1. 能理解曲线图表达数据变化的信息2. 能用rise和fall等动词及相应的时态描述曲线图中数据的变化。
3. 能根据曲线图写出简单的段落,描述数据的变化。
学习策略:学会根据曲线图分析数据变化,并据此写一份报告。
3重点难点读懂曲线图中的数据变化,完成一则反映不同月份交通事故次数变化的报告。
4教学过程4.1第一学时4.1.1教学活动活动1【导入】Step 1 学习Writing板块的写话技巧。
1. 观察三张交通事故的图片,回答以下问题。
Do you like these cars?What do you think of these cars?If you have ten million dollars, will you buy a car like this?What happened in this picture? ( A car accident. )活动2【讲授】2. 观察练习A的曲线图，回答以下问题。
What is the line graph about?What does the vertical axis stand for?What does the horizontal axis stand for?活动3【讲授】3. 学生再次观察曲线图,完成以下练习。
The number of accidents (went up / went down) in October.The number of accidents (went up / went down) in November.活动4【讲授】4. 观察下列句子,请学生找出句中的近义词。
八年级英语沪教版上册
八年级英语沪教版上册一、词汇。
1. 课本重点单词。
- 形容词。
- “amazing”（令人惊奇的），例如：The view from the top of the mountain is amazing.（从山顶看到的景色令人惊奇。
）- “boring”（无聊的），如：The movie was so boring that I almost fell asleep.（这部电影太无聊了，我差点睡着。
）- 名词。
- “hobby”（爱好），可以说：My hobby is reading books.（我的爱好是读书。
）- “journey”（旅行；旅程），例如：We had a long journey to the countryside.（我们去乡下有一段很长的旅程。
）- 动词。
- “invite”（邀请），如：I invited my friends to my birthday party.（我邀请我的朋友来参加我的生日派对。
）- “join”（参加；加入），例如：He wants to join the football club.（他想加入足球俱乐部。
）2. 词汇拓展。
- 以“-ful”和“-less”为后缀的形容词。
例如：“careful”（小心的；仔细的），“careless”（粗心的）。
“helpful”（有帮助的），“helpless”（无助的）。
- 名词复数形式的不规则变化。
像“man - men”，“woman - women”，“child - children”，“foot - feet”，“tooth - teeth”等。
二、语法。
1. 一般现在时。
- 用法：- 表示经常或习惯性的动作或状态。
例如：I often get up at six o'clock in the morning.（我经常在早上六点起床。
）- 表示客观事实或真理。
如：The earth goes around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。
上海教育出版社 八年级上册 U1 Reading
Vocabulary
C1.The words in italics are from the two articles on page 3. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences.
1. When somebody is born , he / she ____. a a. comes out of his / her mother’s body b. goes to see a doctor c. leaves his / her parents 2. Benny’s grandparents live in the countryside. They live____ b the city. a. inside b. outside c. in the centre of
Before you read
Look at the pictures and the titles of the articles on page 3. Then answer the questions below. 1. What is the painting in Picture a? Who painted it? The Mona Lisa. Leonardo da Vinci painted it. 2. What are the animals in Picture b? What do you know about them? Dinosaurs. There are many different kinds of dinosaurs living on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly , they all died out.
沪教版初中八年级英语上册全套教案
Unit 1 EncyclopaediasPeriod 1Unit 1 EncyclopaediasPeriod 2Unit 1 EncyclopaediasPeriod 3Unit 1 EncyclopaediasPeriod 4Unit 1 EncyclopaediasPeriod 5Unit 1 EncyclopaediasPeriod 6Unit 2 NumbersUnit 3 ComputersTeaching aims：学习掌握形容词比较级和最高级。
Important Points：形容词比较级和最高级的用法。
Difficult Points：形容词比较级和最高级的用法。
Teaching Procedure：Ⅰ.Learning Strategies1．Self-study2．CooperationⅡ.Learning Preparation1．Daily sentences:All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
2．Daily quiz:A．from B．think C．said D．practice E. food F. news A: Hello, Peter, I have some good__________.B: What is it?A: A foreign lady will teach us English next term.B: Where does she come_____________?A: Canada. It's _________that she is an excellent teacher.B: Wonderful! I ________ we can make great progress (进步) in English.A: I think so. We can _________ speaking English with her in our free time.B: That sounds good!Ⅲ.Entailed Teaching ProceduresSelf-observationThe comparative of adjectives & the superlative of adjectives.形容词的比较级&形容词的最高级We use the comparative of adjectives when we compare two things.We use the superlative of adjectives when we compare more than two persons or thingsActivity 1: 看下列形容词的比较级，找规律。
沪教牛津版英语八年级上册全套教学案【含答案】
2015-2016沪教牛津版初中英语八年级上册全套教学案Content第一讲 (2)Unit1 Language points (2)第二讲 (9)Grammar-不定代词 (9)第三讲 (13)Unit2 Language points (13)第四讲 (27)Grammar-数词 (27)第五讲 (35)Unit3 Language points (35)第六讲 (46)Grammar-形容词和副词 (46)第七讲 (56)Unit4 Language points (56)第八讲 (70)Grammar-形容词副词同级比较 (70)第九讲 (76)Unit5 Language points (76)第十讲 (89)Grammar-现在完成时 (89)第十一讲 (97)Unit6 Language points (97)第十二讲 (108)Grammar-现在完成时补充 (108)第十三讲 (116)Unit7 Language points (116)第十四讲 (128)Grammar-if条件状语从句 (128)第十五讲 (133)Unit8 Language points (133)第十六讲 (138)Grammar-情态动词 (138)优乐单元测 (144)V ocabulary (230)八年级上册英语教案资料第一讲Unit1◆知识探究1.Is my encyclopaedia useful, Lo?1)useful: 有用的，有益的，有帮助的 a useful book2)use +ful= useful 名词+ful= 形容词3)以-ful结尾的形容词的反义词多是相应的以-less结尾的形容词。
eg: useful--useless careful--careless helpful--helpless2.Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician,engineer and scientist.动词后加后缀-er/ -or构成一种职业。
沪教版八年级英语上册全册教案
Module 1 Amazing thingsUnit 1 Encyclopaedias.本课是教材Module 1 Unit 1的教学设计。
本单元的语言功能项目是To revise vocabulary and expressions to describe encyclopaedias.主要话题是The students are able to use the key words correctly, 本课内容贴近学生的生活和学习实际，为学生操练对话创设了一个真实的语言情景，有利于学生在比较接近实际的情景中听听说说，从而培养他们运用英语进行交际的能力。
【知识目标】1. To revise vocabulary and expressions to describe encyclopaedias.2. To guess meaning from context.3. The students are able to use the key words correctly.【能力目标】To use the sentences in context.【情感目标】利用多种游戏或活动形式培养学生对英语学习的浓厚兴趣。
【教学重点】The students are able to use the key words correctly.【教学难点】通过阅读活动，引导学生通过阅读抓住关键信息，了解故事大意，通过角色扮演，让学生巩固和运用本单元所学核心词汇和句型。
Tape recorder, MultimediaStep 1. Reading and listeningReadingStep Ⅰ:Free talk :T: What do you know about encyclopaedias？Look at the pictures on P1 and PPT. Talk about encyclopaedias.Encourage them to talk about the topic.To introduce them to the topic.Step Ⅱ:Fast reading:Lead the students to skim and answer the questions and finish a chart in the learning-sheet. Let the students get the general idea of the text.Step Ⅲ:While readingReading comprehension.Hand out the sheet and design the blank according to the important information.Then check the answers with students.To make them get familiar with the details of the text and train their ability of reading.ListeningPlay the listening materials, stop when necessary.And then check the answers.To train the students’ ability of catching the information of the listening materials.Step 2. GrammarStep Ⅰ:Free talk:Lead them to read and explain the present perfect tense.e.g. I’ve seen almost all of the places of interest around Beijing.To review the related knowledge.Step Ⅱ:Learn the rules in P7.Finish the exercise on P2 and group work to work out the rules of the usage of the present perfect tense.Walk around to exam the situation and check the answers for them. List the rules for them.To develop their interest and lead them to the conclude.Step 3. VocabularyStep Ⅰ:Freely talk:Play the video of the cartoon and encourage them to imitate the dialogue.To arouse their interest and willing to show themselves.Step Ⅱ:New words.Read the new words.Show the PPT of the meaning of the key words and let students make more sentences with the new words.Train the students’ ability to cooperate. Finish P4.Step 4. Homework1.Dictation.e the new words to make sentences on your own or check them in a dictionary.略。
沪教版 八年级上册英语单词表
rest
/rest/
gold
/ɡəʊld/
instead
/ɪnˈsted/
realize
/ˈriːəlaɪz/
copy
/ˈkɒpi/
correctly
/kəˈrektli/
traffic
/ˈtræfɪk/
accident
/ˈæksɪdənt/
a long time ago challenge ... to ... and so on
copy down
order
/ˈɔːdə(r)/
compare
/kəmˈpeə(r)/
monitor
/ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/
speaker
/ˈspiːkə(r)/
main unit
/meɪn ˈjuːnɪt/
keyboard
/ˈkiːbɔːd/
mouse
/maʊs/
type
/taɪp/
brain
/breɪn/
adj. 有艺术天赋的
p. 3
ability
/əˈbɪləti/
n. 才能 ；能力
p. 3
perhaps
/pəˈhæps/
adv. 可能 ；大概
p. 3
invention
/ɪnˈvenʃn/
n. 发明
p. 3
notebook
/ˈnəʊtbʊk/
n. 笔记本
p. 3
include
/ɪnˈkluːd/
v. 包括 ；包含
son
/sʌn/
chess
/tʃes/
India
/ˈɪndiə/
wise
/waɪz/
英语(沪教牛津版)教材解读 八年级上册
教材培训手册初中英语（沪教牛津版）上海教育出版社有限公司牛津大学出版社（中国）有限公司目录一、八年级上册教材解读 (2)二、教材配套资源 (27)英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册上海教育出版社1一、八年级上册教材解读（一）教材纵览英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社2（二）单元解析单元解析编写的目的是为了帮助教师了解板块关联，从而进行有效的教学设计。
建议教师在备课之前扫读单元思维导图，了解板块关联以及参考案例的教学处理方式，从而提高教学效率。
教师可在此基础上根据自己的教学需要进一步解读教材，并做出符合自己教学需要的教英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册上海教育出版社3英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社4英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社5Unit 4英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社6英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社7英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社8英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社9Unit 8英语（沪教版）教材解读 八年级上册 上海教育出版社10（三）教学建议在七年级英语学习的基础上，学生具备了一定的语言学习基础和能力。
因此，在八年级的教学中应当凸显―听‖―说‖―读‖―写‖各项微技能的教学，以帮助学生在后续的学习中进一步提升自己的学习能力，并运用所学的微技能发现问题、解决问题，从而具备自主英语学习的能力。
1、阅读教学建议（1）运用―略读与找读（skimming and scanning）‖开展阅读教学活动略读是指快读阅读文章以了解其内容大意的预读方法。
略读是有选择性地进行阅读，可以跳过某些细节，要求抓住文章的大概，从而加快阅读速度。
在略读时，往往通过浏览文章的引言、标题、小标题、每段的首末句及插图来迅速了解文章的内容。
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初中英语沪教版八年级上册Unit...
初中英语沪教版八年级上册Unit...初中英语沪教版八年级上册Unit3《Reading"Computer facts"》优质课公开课教案教师资格证面试试讲教案1教学目标语言知识目标1. Vocabulary: keyboard, mouse ( pl. mice ), screen, connect, turn, turn on, learn, docume nt, click, use, save, box, finally, print, paper 2. Key structures: wh-question in Present simple imper ative sentences.语言技能目标 1. To understand conversations about how to use a computer 2. To learn how to give instruc tions情感态度目标1. Raise students’ interest to learn English and get to know more knowledge about computer s in English. 2. Prompt students to explore new knowledge autonomously. 3. Through experiencing, partic ipation and practice encourage students to be cooperative and learn from each other.2学情分析3重点难点教学重点 1. Names of computer items 2. Conversations about how to use a computer教学难点 How to give instructions of writing homework on the computer4教学过程4.1第一学时4.1.1教学活动活动1【导入】Greetings1.相互问候,拉近师生的情感距离2.引入本课话题活动2【讲授】Presentation1.结合图片,根据学生已有的水平教授单词。
沪教版英语八年级上册-U1-U8-Reading-原文(含习题)
Unit1 EncyclopaediasLook it up!Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.Da Vinci, LeonardoLeonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art)DinosaursDinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants. Some could even dinosaurs ate plants. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat lived on Earth for more than 150 million years. Then, suddenly, they all died out. Nobody knows why. However, we can learn about them from their fossils. (See Earth history)【Module 1C VocabularyC1 The words in italics are from the two articles. Circle the correct answers to complete these sentences.1 When somebody is born, he/she .a comes out of his/her mother's body c leaves his/her parentsb goes to see a doctor2 Benny's grandparents live in the countryside. They live the city.a insideb outsidec in the centre of3 Birds have a musical ability. They sing.《a canb cannotc are happy to4 The book includes some beautiful photos. These photos are the book.a part ofb at the end ofc connected to5 A human being is a(n) .a animalb machinec personC2 Complete the article below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.even however invention notebook perhaps scientist{When I was young, I used to keep a .I wrote many poems and drew many pictures of different in were not very good, but they helped me think and dream. Now I am a famous and I do many important journey began when I was at school, with my studies, and my poems and pictures. I was a student just like you. you will do something important or become famous one day. Just remember to think and to dream.D ComprehensionD1 Below are some notes about the encyclopaedia articles, but some of the facts are wrong. Read the articles and correct the notes if necessary.1 Da Vinci, Leonardoa he lived from 1425 to 1519.b He was born in the city.c He showed great artistic ability from an early age./d He is famous for his paintings and books.2 Dinosaursa They lived on Earth more than 60 thousand years before human beings.b Some were Small;others were huge.c All of them ate meat.d Some died out Suddenly..D2 Read the articles again and complete the answers to the questions below.1 Who was Leonardo da VinciHe was .2 What is his most famous paintingIt is .3 What did dinosaurs eatMany of them ate . Some liked to eat .`4 How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappearedThey lived on Earth for .5 Flow can we learn about dinosaurs todayWe can learn about them .More practiceA Read the following encyclopaedia article about big attractions in Australia and answer the questions below.Australia's big attractions:Australia is a very big country. It also has many big attractions.The Big BananaThe Big Banana is in Coffs Harbour. It was made in 1964 by john Landy. Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big Banana. The idea worked. Many people visited his fruit shop and took pictures of the Big Banana. Soon people all over Australia began making big things.The Big MerinoThe Big Merino is in the city of Goulburn. Merinos are a type of sheep. They can live in dry weather. Some places in Australia are very dry, so these sheep are very important to the farmers there. Inside the Big Merino, there isa small muscun'. about the history of wool in Australia. Visitors can also climb up to the Big Merino's head and look at the view through its eyes.1When was the Big Banana built~2 Why was the Big Banana built3 Why are merinos important to the farmers in Australia4 What can you find inside the Big Merino—5 What can you do inside the Big Merino's headUnit 2 NumbersThe king and the riceA long time ago, there was a king in India. The king’s favourite game was chess.One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. The king promised the old man, “ You can have any prize if you win the game.”'The old man said, “If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, four for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.”“Is that all” asked the king. “Wouldn’t you like gold or silver instead”“No, just rice,” replied the old man.The king and the old man played the game for a long time. Finally, the old man won. So the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on. The king quickly realized the problem --- even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares!C VocabularyC1 The words in italics are from the story. Match the two halves of these sentences to make them meaningful.1 When you ask a wise person for help, a you tell him/her that you will give him/her the@present for sure.2 If you promise somebody a present b you know something is wrong.3 If you get a prize in a game, c you get the number 4.4 When you double the number 2. d you want him/her to give you good advice.5 When you realize the problem, e you win something for doing very well.C2 Complete the story below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.double prize promise realize wise…A young man once talked to a old man. "I won a and have a little gold now, but I want much more," he said. "Can you help me"The old man looked at him. "I can teach you how to make more money if you to follow my advice." he young man agreed. Then the old man took the young man to a window. "Look outside," he said. "I can see nothing but an empty field," the young man said. "Use your money to buy this field," said the old man, "and grow some cotton. In a year, you can sell the cotton and your money."The young man what the old man meant. From then on he was not lazy any more. He worked hard all year round.D ComprehensionD2 Find facts in the story to support these statements about the king. Write down the facts.<1 The king loved to play games. (The king's favourite ...)2 The king thought the old man asked too little for the prize. ("Is that all" ...)3 The king did not have enough rice for the old man. (The king quickly realized ...)More practice`Read the online article and then complete the flow chart about the development ofcounting methods.Counting before numbersBefore the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things.At first, people used their fingers, and eveii their toes. However,they could only count small numbers in this way.After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count things like the days of the month, the amount of food and the number of animals they had.Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. This helped them count even bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily. This developed into tools like the abacus.Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this led to the Hindu-Arabic system (0-9). We are still using this system today.>First, people used .After that, they made .Then they used .finally, they began to develop .;This led to .Unit 3 ComputersComputer factsSmaller and betterIn the 1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars. Now computers are becoming smaller and computers are tiny. You may be unaware of them. There is probably one inside your TV or washing machine. You depend on computers more than you realize.What can we do with computers$We can use computers to calculate. They can calculate at a faster speed than we can and almost never give wrong answers. We can also type and draw things with them. In addition, computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.Is a computer cleverer than meThe answer is “No”. Yo ur brain can produce new ideas but computers cannot. However, one day computers may be able to a better job than human beings. For example, they may be better than doctors at doing their job.What will happen to us if computers can do all our jobs Will we have nothing to do Computers may change our lives, but will they make them betterC VocabularyC1 The words in italics explain the meanings of some words. Find these words to complete the sentences. Change their forms if necessary.1 if something is very small, it is`2 Some voting people always need help from their parents. They should learn to themselves.3 We had fun and learnt something new as well. We had a good time. ,we learnt a lot.4 When we make a machine work, we it.C2 Complete the conversation below with the words from the box.depend on expensive in addition speedMark: I bought a new computer.Helen: WhyMark: I bought my first computer five years ago. I used it almost every day, and it became really slow.（Helen: I see. So how's your new computerMark: It was really ,but it works at a much faster than my old one.,it has a larger monitor.Helen: I also my computer a lot these days. I use it to write reports, and to get on the Internet too. My computer works well, so I'm not going to buy a new one.D ComprehensionD 1 Read the article and complete the answers with the examples from the article.1 S1: There may be tiny computers in your home.S2: Where, for example,S1: Inside your _ or .2 S1: We can do many things with computers in our daily life.S2: For exampleS1: We can , _,and with them.3 Sl: Computers can do some important jobs.S2: For exampleS1: They can and .4 Si: One day, computers may be able to do a better job than human beings.*S2: For exampleS1: They .D2 Read the article again and answer the questions below in complete sentences.1 What were the first computers like.2 Why are we unaware of some computers.^3 Are computers cleverer than you and me Why or why not.More practiceA Read the script of a speech by a head teacher and answer the questions below.Computer game problemsGood afternoon, parents and teachers. Thank you for attending this meeting.Last weekend, one of our students went to hospital. The student played computer games on the Internet all day Saturday without stopping to drink, eat or sleep. Finally, he became very ill.?Some students play computer games for too long. This is a serious problem. In the past, students used to play outside more often, but now they spend more time in front of computers. This is bad for their health.Tomorrow we'll have some experts here to talk to the students about the bad effects of playing computer games. They'll also give some advice on how to use computers for studying.I hope we can all work together to stop students from spending too much time playing computer games. Thank you for your time.1Who is attending the meeting2Why did the student become ill-3What is the serious problem4Who will talk to the students tomorrow5 What will they talk about]\Unit 4 Inventions-Great inventionsGreat inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. The following are three of the most important inventions in history.The wheelThe wheel is perhaps the greatest invention in history. After its invention, travelling became faster and more comfortable. A few thousand years ago, people started to use wheels on carriages. In the early 19th century, the first trains began to carry passengers. At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. Without the wheel, we would not have these inventions.The telephoneAlexander Graham Bell invented one of the first practical telephones in 1876. Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances. Today millions of people across the world own mobile phones. They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.The light bulbThomas Edison developed the first practical light bulb in 1879. Before the invention of the light bulb, people had to use oil lamps, gas lamps or candles to see at night. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evening as they can in the daytime. Can you imagine living without them）C VocabularyC1 Find words from the article that have similar meanings to the words in italics below.1 My new shoes felt nice and soft.2 This modern city was only a small village a hundred years ago.3 All the people on the bus got excited when they arrived at the Great Wall.4 The company produced a new camera last year.5 The swimming pool is open during the day.;C2 Complete the conversation below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary.anytime century comfortable daytime passengerBill: When did people first start using carsMaggie: People developed the first cars in the 1880s, and they started using cars a lot in the early 20th.Bill: I'm sure the people were very happy because cars are so fast and .Maggie: Not really. These early cars were very slow. They also created a lot of problems.Bill: What do you mean。
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3.用一般过去时来表达。
e.g. He came back a week ago.
4.用“It is ﹢一段时间﹢since…”句型来表达。
e.g. It is a week since he came back.
短暂性动词转换成延续性动词，常用的有以下几个：
buy come to go to got to join have be in be in be in be in be a soldier/ member of borrow begin get out keep be on be out leave finish die marry open close go there come here fall asleep be away be over be dead be married be open be closed be there in be here be asleep
上海教育出版社 英语 八年级上册
Unit 5 语法 现在完成时 延续性动词和短暂性动词
单位：深圳市罗湖区松泉中学
教师：李文娟
The film ______ for ten minutes. A. has begun B. has been on
延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间 或者相当长的一段时间。
e.g.I have borrowed the book.(√)
I have borrowed the book for a week.(×)
2. 而在否定句中，短暂性动词也可以用表示一 段时间的状语来修饰。
e.g. I haven’t heard from Uncle Wang for a long time.
been
in the armysince three years ago. _____ for three years. been a soldier
It’s three years since Li Lei joined the army.
2.My father left Gucheng last week. My father has
been away
from Gucheng for
a week.
3.The factory opened in 1996. The factory has been open since 1996.
I have bought the book. =I bought the book a week ago. =I have had the book for a week. =I have had the book since a week ago.
巩固练习：（同义转换，每空一词）
１.Li Lei joined the army three years ago. Li Lei has Li Lei has
常见的短暂性动词有：come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, become, borrow, get up等．
短暂性动词的用法：
1. 短暂性动词可以用于现在完成时，但是它的 肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for或since或 how long等状语连用。
常见的延续性动词有：live, work, study, learn, sleep, stay等， 延续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。
e.g. They have lived here for 10 years.
短暂能延续，只是一瞬间就 结束的动作。