12.11CET42014模拟考试卷
2014年12月大学英语四级考试试卷真题(汇总版)来源文
2014年12月大学英语四级考试试卷真题(汇总版)来源：文都教育PartⅡListening Comprehension(30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause. During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1.A)She will go purchase the gift herself.B)The gift should not be too expensive.C)The man is not good at balancing his budget.D)They are going to Jane’s house-warming party.【答案】B)The gift should not be too expensive.2.A)It takes patience to go through the statistics.B)He has prepared the statistics for the woman.C)The woman should take a course in statistics.D)He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.【答案】D)He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.3.A)The man wants to make some changes in the scripts.B)The woman does not take the recording seriously.C)They cannot begin their recording right away.D)Page55is missing from the woman’s scripts.【答案】C)They cannot begin their recording right away.4.A)A significant event in July.B)Preparations for a wedding.C)The date of Carl’s wedding.D)The birthday of Carl’s bride.【答案】B)Preparations for a wedding.5.A)The man was in charge of scheduling meetings.B)The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C)The woman was annoyed at the man’s excuse.D)The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.【答案】C)The woman was annoyed at the man’s excuse.6.A)The woman is a marvelous cook.B)The man cannot wait for his meal.C)The woman has just bought an oven.D)The man has to leave in half an hour.7.A)Whether the man can keep his job.B)Where the man got the bad news.C)What items sell well in the store.D)How she can best help the man.8.A)The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B)He would like to teach the woman how to swim.C)The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D)He works in the physical education department.Questions9to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A)He is a wonderful lecturer.B)He is a diplomat.C)He loves classical music.D)He teaches in a law school.【答案】B)He is a diplomat.10.A)Attended a dance.B)Went to see a play.C)Took some photos.D)Watched a soccer game.【答案】D)Watched a soccer game.11.A)She decided to get married in three years.B)She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.C)Her father said she could marry Eric right away.D)Her mother objected to Eric’s flying lessons.【答案】C)Her father said she could marry Eric right away. Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Teacher.B)Journalist.C)Editor.D)Typist.【答案】A)Teacher.13.A)The beautiful Amazon rainforests.B)A new railway under construction.C)Some newly discovered scenic spot.D)Big changes in the Amazon valley.【答案】C)Some newly discovered scenic spot.14.A)In news weeklies.B)In a local evening paper.C)In newspapers’Sunday editions.D)In overseas editions of U.S.magazines.【答案】C)In newspapers’Sunday editions.15.A)To become a professional writer.B)To be employed by a newspaper.C)To get her life story published soon.D)To sell her articles to a news service.【答案】D)To sell her articles to a news service.【短对话原文】1.M:take a look at this cater.Maybe we can find some gifts for Jean’s new house.W:Ok,but remember we can afford a lot.Q:what does the woman mean?2.W：I am absolutely going nowhere about this statistics.M:How about going through them with you?Q:what does the man mean?3.M:are you just starting the record,aren’t you?Let’s begin on Page55.W:Sorry.I am afraid I can begin right now.Q:What mean from the conversation?4.W:remember.Carl’s arriving is at226W:thanks to reminding me.I thought it would be sometime in July.Q:what are the speakers talking about?5.M：please excuse me for not attending the meeting yesterday.I am afraid I forgot to check the schedule.W:that’s all right.We have to rearrange the meeting at weekend.And everything went wrong.Q：what does it mean from the conversation.6.W:I didn’t fall sleep at least to5tomorrow.Q:what do we learn from the conversation?7.,M:I got some bad news today.The star we are in is going to fallW:I am going to let you go.Q:What does the woman want to know?8W:what’s wrong?You smell like a fish.M:......Q:what’s man mean?【长对话原文】Conversation1M:That’s Marria’s families and we want to be engaged.W：It’s wonderful,Erik!Congratulations!M:I really like her families,too,very nice.Ms Comona speaks four languages and Mr. Comona a diplomat.In fact,he gives the speech at the Saturday morning.W:OH,that’s was N’s father?I heard the speech.M:You did?W:Well,I heard part of it and listened to it for ten minutes,and then I fell asleep.I saw it was in class.Anyway,tell me about your weekend.M：Saturday evening we saw a play.And Sunday afternoon we saw the soccer game.Then Sunday night we all went out for dinner.Marria,her parents,and me.That was the first chance we had to talk.W:Would you know this?M:That’s first I was.We didn’t say ona told some good stories about his experiences as a diplomat and he asked about my hobbies.W:And what did you say?M:Well,I didn’t tell him about my flying lessons.I told him about my chess play and my classical music collection.W:Good idea!Her parents really approval of you.Don’t they?M:I guess so.Marria called this morning and said,”My father told me he’ll like you sunny right now”W:That was great.M:Not exactly.I want to get married after I graduated school in about three years.Q9:what does the conversation about Marria’s father?Q10:What does Marria and Erik do last Sunday afternoon?Q11:What do we learn from Marria’s phone call this morning?Conversation2M:You’re going to wear out computer’s keyboard.W:Oh,hi!M:Do you have any idea what time it is?W:About ten or ten thirty?M:It’s merely midnight.W:Really?I didn’t know it was so late.M:Don’t you have an early class to teach tomorrow morning?W:Yes,at seven o’clock,my computer class.The students go to work right after their lesson.M:Then you ought to go to bed.What are you writing anyway?W:An article,I hope I can sell.M:Oh,another view of newspaper pieces.What’s this one about?W:Do you remember the trip I took last month?M:The one up to the Amazon?W:Well,that’s what I’m writing about.The new high-way and the changes is making in the Amazon valley.W：It should be interesting.W：It is.I guess that’s why I forgot all about the time.M:How many articles have you solve now?W:About a dozen so far.M:What kind of newspapers by them?W:The paper is carrying a lot of foreign news.They usually appear in the big Sunday editions where they need a lot background stories to help develop the space between the ads.M：Is there any future in it?W:I hope so.There’s a chance I may sell this article to a news service.M:Then your papers will be published in several papers winter.W:that’s the idea.And they might even be able to do other stories the on a regular basis.M:That would be great.Q12:what is the woman’s occupation?Q13:what is the woman writing about?Q14:where did the woman’s articles usually appear?Q15:what does the woman expect?【短文理解原文】Passage1Body language,especially gestures,varies among cultures.For example,a node of the head means“yes”to most of us.But in Bulgaria and Greece a node means“no”and a shake of the head means“yes”.Likewise,a sign for OK,forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb,means zero in France and money in Japan.Waving or pointing to an Arab business person would be considered rude because that is how Arabs call their dogs over.Folded arms signal pride in Finland,but disrespect in Fiji.The number of bows that the Japanese exchange on greeting each other,as well as the length and the depth of the bows,signals the social status each party feels towards each other.Italians might think your bored unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions.Many American men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee.However,this would be considered an insult in Muslim countries,where one will never show the sole of the foot to a gust.Likewise,Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look at you in the eye.But in Japan and many Latin American countries,keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect.To look apart in the eye is considered a sign of ill breeding and is felt to be annoying.Q16:What gesture do Bulgarians and Greeks use to express negative responses?Q17:What is likely to offend Arab business people?Q18:What is considered impolite in Muslim countries?Passage1New Yorkers,albeit many of them grudgingly,are gradually getting used to more pedaling passengers on those blazing blue Citi Bikes.But what about local bike shops?Is Citi Bike rolling up riders at their expense?At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca,a manager who gave his name as“Ben W.”said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program.“It’s getting more people on the road,more people learning about the sport and getting involved,”he said.An employee at Danny’s Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a good option for people to ease into biking in a city famed for its vehicular congestion and aggressive drivers.“They can try out a bike without committing to buying one,”James Ryan said.“It makes a more comfortable biking environment in the city because there are a lot more bikes,too.”Business at Danny’s Cycles has increased as well since the advent of bike-share.“A lot of people come in for bike gear,and we’ve sold a lot of helmets,”he noted.Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny’s Cycles.But for Frank’s Bike Shop,a small business that has been at its current Lower East Side location on Grand St.since1976,the bike-share program has been bad news.Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by90percent since the Citi Bikes were rolled out last month.Arroyo’s main rental customers are European tourists,a demographic that has since been drawn away by Citi Bikes.Initially,a bike-share station was sited a few doors away from Frank’s Bike Shop on the corner of Grand and Henry Sts.But a petition to relocate the bike station gathered more than1,000signatures.The Citi Bike dock was eventually removed—but only temporarily,according to the Citi Bike Twitter account,for utility construction in the street.“I was grateful,and it was quite an honor to see how many people responded on my behalf,”Arroyo said of the petition effort.“It was really nice to see that people care.But they have flooded the place with them,”he said of the Department of Transportation,which installs the bike racks.Removing one station does little since the area is overloaded with Citi Bike stations,said Arroyo.“If you put it in front of a hotel,customers are going to walk of the hotel and use it,”he said.However,Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop.“People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city,then decide that they want something nicer for themselves,”he noted.Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop,on West St.just north of Christopher St.,said initially he was concerned about bike-share,though,he admitted,“I was happy to see people on bikes.”Consisting of equal parts tourists and locals,his customers get a better rental deal at his shop because,despite charging only$10for a daily rental,the bike-share program requires cyclists to check their bikes in at a bike station every half hour.His store,on the other hand,charges$10for the first hour,$5for the second,and$2.50per hour after that.“Six hours with Waterfront Bicycle Shop will cost a customer$25,”he said.“With Citi Bike, a six-hour rental will cost$126[if the rider doesn’t re-dock his or her bike at a station every half hour].Our rentals always include a helmet,a basket and a lock.”Several dozen rental bikes were lined up on Weehawken st Sunday behind the store. Benny,who was watching over them,said another advantage over the Citi Bikes is that Waterfront’s bikes are all in good working order.Farrell’s early concerns were echoed by Andrew Crooks,owner of NYCVelo,at64Second Ave.“It seemed like a great idea,but one that would be difficult to implement,”Crooks said of Citi Bike.He said he worried about inexperienced riders’lack of awareness of biking rules and backlash from non-cyclists.However,he said,it’s still too early to tell if his business has been impacted.The actual Citi Bikes themselves have been criticized as“heavy,”“clunky,”even“ugly.”In comparison,Crooks said NYC Velo has bikes that are“lighter,faster and tend to be more comfortable.”Farrell of Waterfront also said his bikes are of“better quality”than the bike-share two-wheelers.While it’s possible bike-share will cause a drop in business in the long run,Crooks allowed that the idea,as a whole,is good for the city.[原文解读]该文节选自The Villager，原题目为Bike store owners put their spin on new bike-share，题材为议论文。
2014年12月英语四级考试真题及答案（第2套）
2014年12⽉英语四级考试真题及答案（第2套）2014年12⽉四级真题(第2套)Part IWriting(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay about a course thathas impressed you most in college.You should state the reasons and write at least120words but no more than180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part IIListening Comprehension(30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A．,B．,C．and D．,and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2014年全国英语四级考试全真模拟综合题库｛共7套｝A套
Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Part A1、For Questions1-5,you will hear a radio announcement describing tonight’s programs.While you listen，fill out the table with the information you have heard．Some of the information has been given to you in the table．Write only 1 word in each numbered box．You will hear the recording twice.You now have 25 seconds to read the table below．_________2、_________3、_________4、_________5、_________Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Part B6、For Questions 6-10,you will hear a pasgage about toneliness：While you listen，complete the sentences and answer the question．Use not more than 3 words for each answer．You will hear the recording twice．You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below．_________7、_________8、_________9、_________10、_________Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Part C11、Questions 11-13 are based on the following passage about the London Marathon．You now have l5 seconds to read Questions 11-13．How many people applied but didn’t run the race?A．16．000．B．10，000．C．67，000．D．54，000．12、Which of the following is NOT true?A．Most competitors did not finish the race within two hours．B．Most competitors were interested in the race．C．Most competitors were trying to run as fast as they could．D．Most competitors wanted to know if they could run 26 miles．13、Where did one of the runners fall down?A．50 meters from the end．B．15 meters from the end．C．10 meters from the end．D．5 meters from the end．14、Questions 14-16 are based on the following passage．You now have l5 seconds to read Questions 14—16．Which of the following is covered in BCD Intemational programs?A．Interviews with radio producers．B．A large variety of pop songs．C．News from the music library．D．Stories about the good old days．15、Which program gives us the ideas behind the pop songs?A．The History of Pop．B．The Road to Music．C．Pop Words．D．About the Big Hits.16、For native speakers understanding English pop songs isA．effortless．B．impossible．C．difficult．D．unnecessary．17、Questions 17-20 are based on the following monologue about yawn．You now have 20 sec-onds to read Ouestions 17—20．What’s the main topic of the mon ologue?A．Different animals’yawns．B．Human’s yawn．C．Fish’s yawn．D．Social animals’yawns．18、What is the speaker’s main point?A．Animals yawn for a number of reasons．B．Yawning results only from fatigue or boredom．C．Human yawns are the same as those of other animals．D．Only social animals yawn．19、According to the speaker，when are hippos likely to yawn?A．When they are swimming．B．When they are quarreling．C．When they are socializing．D．When they are eating．20、What physiological reason for yawning is mentioned?A．To exercise the jaw muscles．B．To eliminate fatigue．C．To get greater strength for attacking．D．To again more oxvffen．Section II Use of English (15 minutes)21、根据以下资料，回答21-40题：Computers are now being pushed into schools．We know that multimedia will make __ 21__ easy and fun．Children will happily learn from __ 22 __ characters while taught by expealy __23___software．Who needs teachers when you’ve got __24__ education? These expensive toys are diffi-cult to use in the classrooms and __ 25 __ extensive teacher training．Sure．Kids love video games __26__ think of your own experience：Can you__ 27 __even one educational filmstrip of many years ago? I’ll __28 __ you remember the two or three great teachers who made a __ 29__ in your life．Then there’s cyberbusiness．We’re promised __30__ catalog shopping—just point and crick for great deals．We’ll 0rder airline tickets __ 31__ the network，book restaurants and negofiate sales__ 32__ ．Stores will become obsolete．So how come my local mall does more __33__ in all after-noon than the entire Internet __34__ in a month?Even if there were a trustworthy way to __35__ money over the Internet，the network is __36__ a most essential ingredient．of trade and commerce：salespeople．What's absent from this electronic wonderland?People contact．Computers and networks __37 __us from one another．A network chat line is a limp __38__ for meeting friends over coffee．No interactive multimedia display comes __ 39__ to the excitement of a __40__ concert．This virtu-al reality where frustration is legion and—in the holy names of Education and Progress-important aspects of human interactions are relentlessly devalued．A．schoolworkB．exerciseC．teamworkD．research22、A．stimulated B．animated C．developed D．interested23、A．guided B．prepared C．tailoredD．sold24、A．computer-aided B．computer-presented C．computer-designed D．computer-developed25、A．promise B．introduce C．encourage D．require26、A．butB．justC．and D．therefore27、A．appreciate B．recall C．comment D．produce28、A．recommend B．guessC．betD．urge29、A．result B．mark C．impression D．difference30、A．immediate B．free C．versatile D．instant31、A．overB．withC．byD．in32、A．decisions B．agreements C．contracts D．plans33、A．communication B．commerce C．business D．program34、A．reserves B．handles C．subscribes D．transmits35、A．mailB．depositC．sendD．save36、A．missingB．disappearingC．expellingD．retaining37、A．dismantleB．confineC．discriminateD．isolate38、A．occasionB．substituteC．changeD．compromise39、A．nearB．upC．closeD．back40、A．lifeB．aliveC．livingD．liveSection III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes) Part A41、根据以下资料，回答41-60题：A finding in recent years shows that men cannot manufacture blood as efficiently as women can．This makes surgery riskier for men．Because they do not breathe as often as women，men also need more oxygen．But men breathe more deeply and this exposes them to another risk．They draw more of the air when it is polluted．Men’s bones are larger than women’s and they are arranged somewhat differently．The femi-nine walk that evokes so many whistles is a matter of bone structure．A man has broader shoulders and a narrower pelvis，which makes him stride out with no waste motion．A woman’s wider pel-vis，designed for childbearin9，forces her to put more movement into each step she takes with the result that she displays a bit of jiggle and sway as she walks．If you think a man is brave because he can climb a ladder to clean out the roof gutters．don’t forget it is easier for him than for a woman．The angle at which a woman’s thigh is joined to her knees makes climbing difficult for her，no matter whether it is a ladder or stairs or a mountain that she is tackling．A man’s skin is thicker than a woman’s and not nearly as soft．This prevents the sun’s radia-tion from getting through，which is why men wrinkle less than women do．Women have a thin lay-er of fat just under the skin and there is a plus to this greater fat reserve．It acts as an invisible fur coat to keep a woman wanner in the winter．Women also stay cooler in summer．Because the fat layer helps insulate them against heat．Men’s fat is distributed differently．And they do not have that layer of it underneath their skin．In fact，they have considerably less than women and more lean mass．41 percent of a man’s body is muscle compared to thirty．five percent for women，which means that men have more mus proportion of muscle to fat makes it easier for men to lose weight．Muscle bums up five more calories a pound than fat does just to maintain itself．So when a man wants to lose weight．the pounds roll off much faster．For all men’s muscularity they do not have the energy re-serves women d0．They have more start—up energy，but the fat tucked away in women’s nooks and crannies provides a rich energy reserve that men lack．Cardiologists at the University of Alabama who tested healthy women on treadmills discovered that over the years the female capacity for exercise far exceeds the male capacity．A woman of six-ty who is in good health can exercise up t0 90 percent of what she could do when she was twenty．A man of sixty has only 60 percent left of his capacity as a twenty—year—old．That boys suffer more from air pollution can possibly be justified by the fact that______．A．the male have larger bones than the femaleB．women can manufacture blood more efficiently than menC．men usually breathe more deeply than womenD．women breathe as often as men42、The different ways men and women move their body indicate that______．A．bone structures in men and women are arranged differentlyB．women’s bones are more ready to movementC．men always move their bodies with waste mouonsD．women are good at climbing upwards43、It can be concluded from the passage that______．A．men suffer more from sun’s radiation than women doB．men will be more exhausted than women after a long tnpC．the higher proportion of fat in women’s body makes them easier to lose welghlD．an aged man can still exercise his body as he was young44、The best title for the above article is______．A．Why Men Lack Capacity for Exercise over the YearsB．How Men’s Bones Are Arranged Differently from Women’sC．Studies on Differences and Similarities between Men and WomenD．Men and Women：Some Differences45、Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A．More oxygen needs to be prepared when a man 18 having surgery．B．Man’s courage has nothing to do with male’s body structure．C．A woman usually stays cooler in summer and warmer in winter．D．It is easier for a man to lose his weight．46、根据以下资料，回答46-65题：More than 30．000 drivers and passengers who sit in the front of the vehicles are killed or seriously injured each year．At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a thlrd-floor building．Wearing a seat belt saves lives：it reduces your chance of death or senous lnjury by more than a half．Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over l4 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not．VOU will be fined up t0￡50．It will not be up to the drivers to make sure You wear your belt．But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under l4 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind．However，when you，re reversing your Car，you do not have to wear a seat belt；or when You are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle；or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it．Make sure these circumstances apply to You before You decide not to wear your seat belt．Remember that you may be taken to court for not domg so，and you may be fined if you cannot prove that you have been excused from wearmg it．How many people in the front of the vehicles are killed or seriously injured every year?A．30，000．B．60，000．C．Approximately 30,000．D．Above 30，000．47、Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle——．A．reduces road accidents to more than a halfB．saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hourC．reduces the death rate in traffic accidentsD．saves more than 15，000 lives each year48、It iS the driver’s responsibility t0——．A．make the front seat passengers wear a seat beltB．make the front seat children under l4 wear a seat beltC．stop children．riding in the front seatD．wear a seat belt each time he drives49、According to the text，which of the following people riding in the front does NOT have to wear a seat belt?A．Someone who is backing into a parking space．B．Someone who is picking up the children from the local school.C．Someone who is delivering invitation letters．D．Someone who is under l4．50、For some people，it may be better——.A．to wear a seat belt for health reasonsB．]not to wear a seat belt for health reasonsC．to get a valid medical certificate before wearing a seat beltD．to pay a fine rather than wear a seat belt51、根据以下资料，回答51-70题：I remember the way the light touched her hair．She tumed her head，and our eyes met，amo-mentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom．I fel t as though l’d been struck a blow under the heart．Thus began my first love affair．Her name was Rachel，and I mooned my way through the grade and high school，stricken at the mere sight of her，tongue—tied in her presence．Does anyone，anymore，linger in the shadows of evening，drawn by the pale light of a window--her window--like some hapless summer insect? That delirious swooning，asexual but urgent and obsessive，that made me awkward and my voice crack，is like some impossible dream now．I would catch sight of her，walking down an aisle of trees to or from school，and I’d become Daralyzed．She always seemed so poised，so self-possessed．At home，I’d relive each encounter，writhing at the thought of my inadequacies．We eventually got acquainted and socialized as we en-tered our adolescence，she knew I had a case on her，and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me．“Going steady”implied a maturity we still lacked．Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and myown Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, howev-er fervently desired．I managed to hold her once at a dance—chaperoned，of course．Our embrace made her giggle．a sound SO trusting that I hated myself for what I ’d been thinking．At any rate，my love for Rachel remained unrequited．We graduated from high school，she went on t0 college，and I joined the Army．When World War II engulfed US．I was sent overseas．For a time we corresponded and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years．Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit，which drove me to the wildest of fantasies．I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my next letter．and almost immediately her replies became less frequent，less personal．Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while l was awaiting discharge．She gently explained the im— possibility of a marriage between US．Looking back on it．I must have recovered rather quickly，al—though for the first few months I believed I didn’t want to live．Like Rachel，I found someone else，whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day．According to the passage，how old was the author when his first love affair began?A．Before he entered his teens．B．In his early teens．C．In his middle teens．D．When he was just out of his teens．52、How did the author behave as a boy in love?A．His first love motivated him toward hard study．B．His first love evoked sentimental memories．C．He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion·D．He fulfilled his expectations and desires．53、According to the passage，what held them back from a loving kiss?A．Her Jewish origin did not allow it．B．His Catholic adherence forbade it．C．They were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to kiss in line with their religious decorum．D．Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful．54、According to the passage，what was Rachel’s response to the author ‘s tender affection be—fore the war?A．She recognized and accepted his love affectionately．B．She thwarted his affection by flatly tuming him down．C．She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him．D．She didn t care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings．55、Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A．Statement and example．B．Cause and effect．C．Order of importance．D．Linear description．56、根据以下资料，回答56-75题：In the late years of the nineteenth century．“capital”and“labour”were enlarging and perfec—ting their rival organizations on modem lines．Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers．The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders．It was moreover a step away from individual initiative，towards collectivism and munici—pal and state—owned business．The railway companies，though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders，were very unlike old family business．Meanwhile the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting，trams and other services to the taxpayers．The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important conse—quences．Such large，impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class，an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners；and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business．During the nineteenth century，America，Africa，India，Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital，and British shareholders were th us enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialisation．Towns like Boumemouth and Eastboume sprang up to house large“comfortable”classes who had retired on their incomes，and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occa—sionally attending a shareholders’meeting to dictate their orders to the management．On the other hand“shareholdin9”meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilisation．The“shareholders”as such had no knowledge of the lives，thoughts or needs of employees in the company in which they held shares，and their influence on the relations of capital and labour wasnot good．The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the work—ers and their demands，but even he had seldom familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employers had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business．Indeed the mere size of operations and the number of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible．Fortunately，however，the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions，at least in all skilled trades．enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the compa—nies who employed them．The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to re—spect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation．The author says that old family firms_______．A．were mined by the younger generationsB．failed for lack of individual initiativeC．lacked efficiency compared with modem companiesD．were able to supply adequate services to taxpayers57、The growth of limited liability companies resulted in_______．A．the separation of capital from managementB．the ownership of capital by managersC．the emergence of capital and labour as two classesD．the participation of shareholders in land ownership58、The text indicates that_______．A．some countries developed quickly because of the emergence of the limited liability companies B．the tide of industrialisation would widely benefit British shareholders greatly C．shareholders contributed a lot to the fast growth of the British economyD．the system of shareholding impaired the management of modem companies59、We learn from the text that_______．A．shareholders often cast negative influence on the well—being of workersB．owners of traditional finns enjoyed a good relationship with their employeesC．limited liability companies were too large to run smoothlyD．trade unions had a positive role on workers and the management60、The author appears to be very critical of_______．A．family finn ownersB．shareholdersC．managersD．landownersSection III Reading Comprehension Part B61、根据以下资料，回答61-65题：Read the following text carefulfy and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese．Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2．61)In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent,notions of male superiority are hard to maintain．The paRem of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality，and this in turn leads to further sharin9．62)1n such a home,the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than their parents did and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the"battle of the sexes"．If the process goes too far and man’s role is not regarded as important as before--and that has happened in some cases——we are as badly off as before．only in reverse．We should reassess the role of the man in the American family．We are getting a little tired of“Momism”．but we don’t want to change it into a “Neo-papism”.What we need is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equality．63)There are signs that psychologists and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have de-cided that women should not receive all the credit, nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is at home．64)We are beginning,however,to study a man's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it．Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child．65)The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules,because each family member needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems．Excessive authodtarianism has unhappy consequences，whether it wears skirts or trousers，and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is relevant not only to a healthy democracy，but also to a healthy family．_________62、_________63、_________64、_________65、_________Section IV Writing.(35 minutes)66、The Spring Festival is a traditional festival in China，and Chinese have been accustomed to celebrating it at home．But now more and more people choose to travel during this most important festival．Here is a discussion on this topic：(1)Some people think it is more interesting to travel during the Spring Festival．(2)Other people think it is better to stay at home with their families during the Spring Festival．(3)My opinion on this topic．In your essay，you should use the three pieces of information mentioned above．You should write l60—_200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2．。
2014年12月英语四级三套真题
第一套作文：A Classmate of Yours Who Has Influenced You Most in College.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.One principle of taxation, called the benefits principle, states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services. This principle tries to make public goods similar to __36__ goods. It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in __37__ for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes. And __38__ a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit. The gasoline tax, for instance, is sometimes __39__ using the benefits principle. In some states, __40__from the gasoline tax are used to build and maintain roads. Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads, the gasoline tax might be viewed as a __41__ way to pay for this government service.The benefits principle can also be used to argue that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones, __42__ because the wealthy benefit more from public services. Consider, for example, the benefits of police protection from __43__. Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from police than those with less to protect. Therefore, according to the benefits principle, the wealthy should __44__ more than the poor to the cost of __45__ the police force. The same argument can be used for many other public services,such as fire protection, national defense, and the court system.(A) adapt(B) contribute(C) exerting(D) expenses(E) fair(F) justified(G) maintaining(H) private(I) provided(J) revenues(K) similarly(L) simply(M) theft(N) total(O) wealthSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with tenstatements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Growing Up Colored[A] You wouldn't know Piedmont anymore—my Piedmont, I mean—the town in West Virginia where I learned to be a colored boy.[B] The 1950s in Piedmont was a time to remember, or at least to me. People were always proud to be from Piedmont—lying at the foot of a mountain, on the banks of the mighty Potomac. We knew God gave America no more beautiful location. I never knew colored people anywhere who were crazier about mountains and water, flowers and trees, fishing and hunting. For as long as anyone could remember, we could outhunt, outshoot, and outswim the white boys in the valley.[C] The social structure of Piedmont was something we knew like the back of our hands. It was an immigrant town; white Piedmont was Italian and Irish, with a handful of wealthy WASPs (盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒) on East Hampshire Street, and "ethnic" neighborhoods of working-class people everywhere else, colored and white.[D] For as long as anyone can remember, Piedmont's character has been completely bound up with the Westvaco paper mill: its prosperous past and doubtful future. At first glance, the town is a typical dying mill center. Many once beautiful buildings stand empty, evidencing a bygone time of spirit and pride. The big houses on East Hampshire Street are no longer proud, as they were when I was a kid.[E] Like the Italians and the Irish, most of the colored people migrated to Piedmont at the turn of the 20th century to work at the paper mill, which opened in 1888. All the colored men at the paper mill worked on "the platform"—loading paper into trucks until the craft unions were finally integrated in 1968. Loading is what Daddy did every working day of his life. That's what almost every colored grown-up I knew did.[F] Colored people lived in three neighborhoods that were clearly separated. Welcome to the Colored Zone, a large stretched banner could have said. And it felt good in there, like walking around your house in bare feet and underwear, or snoring right out loud on the couch in front of the TV—enveloped by the comforts of home, the warmth of those you love.[G] Of course, the colored world was not so much a neighborhood as a condition of existence. And though our own world was seeminglyself-contained, it impacted on the white world of Piedmont in almost every direction. Certainly, the borders of our world seemed to be impacted on when some white man or woman showed up where he or she did not belong, such as at the black Legion Hall. Our space was violated when one of them showed up at a dance or a party. The rhythms would be off. The music would sound not quite right: attempts to pat the beat off just so. Everybodywould leave early.[H] Before 1955, most white people were just shadowy presences in our world, vague figures of power like remote bosses at the mill or tellers at the bank. There were exceptions, of course, the white people who would come into our world in ritualized, everyday ways we all understood. Mr. Mail Man, Mr. Insurance Man, Mr. White-and-Chocolate Milk Man, Mr. Landlord Man, Mr. Police Man: we called white people by their trade, like characters in a mystery play. Mr. Insurance Man would come by every other week to collect premiums on college or death policies, sometimes 50 cents or less.[I] "It's no disgrace to be colored," the black entertainer Bert Williams famously observed early in the century, "but it is awfully inconvenient." For most of my childhood, we couldn't cat in restaurants or sleep in hotels, we couldn't use certain bathrooms or try on clothes in stores. Mama insisted that we dress up when we went to shop. She was carefully dressed when she went to clothing stores, and wore white pads called shields under her arms so her dress or blouse would show no sweat. "We'd like to try this on," she'd say carefully, uttering her words precisely and properly. "We don't buy clothes we can't try on," she'd say when they declined, and we'd walk out in Mama's dignified (有尊严的) manner. She preferred to shop where we had an account and where everyone knew who she was.[J] At the Cut-Rate Drug Store, no one colored was allowed to sit down at the counter or tables, with one exception: my father. I don't know for certain why Carl Dadisman, the owner, wouldn't stop Daddy from sitting down. But I believe it was in part because Daddy was so light-colored, and in part because, during his shift at the phone company, he picked up orders for food and coffee for the operators. Colored people were supposed to stand at the counter, get their food to go, and leave. Even when Young Doc Bess would set up the basketball team with free Cokes after one of many victories, the colored players had to stand around and drink out of paper cups while the white players and cheerleaders sat down in comfortable chairs and drank out of glasses.[K] I couldn't have been much older than five or six as I sat with my father at the Cut-Rate one afternoon, enjoying two scoops of caramel ice cream. Mr. Wilson, a stony-faced, brooding Irishman, walked by. "Hello, Mr. Wilson," my father said."Hello, George."[L] I was genuinely puzzled. Mr. Wilson must have confused my father with somebody else, but who? There weren't any Georges among the colored people in Piedmont. "Why don't you tell him your name, Daddy?" I asked loudly. "Your name isn't George.""He knows my name, boy," my father said after a long pause. "He calls all colored people George."[M] I knew we wouldn't talk about it again; even at that age, 1 was given to understand that there were some subjects it didn't do to worry to death about. Now that I have children, I realize that what distressed my father wasn't so much the Mr. Wilsons of the world as the painful obligation to explain the racial facts of life to someone who hadn't quite learned them yet. Maybe Mr. Wilson couldn't hurt my father by calling him George; but I hurt him by asking to know why.46 . The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.47 . There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.48 . One reason the author's father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn't look that dark.49 . Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.50 . In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author's family managed to live a life of dignity.51 . The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.52 . The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.53 . Colored people called white people by the business they did.54 . Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.55 . The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhood.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple's income.This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they didin 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center's expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.So who's to blame for higher childcare costs?Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can't really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.Unfortunately, I don't have all the daycare-center regulations handy. But I wouldn't be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff (交换) might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn't seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.56 . What problem do parents of small kids have to face?∙ A The ever-rising childcare prices.∙ B The budgeting of family expenses.∙ C The balance between work and family.∙ D The selection of a good daycare center.57 . What does the author feel puzzled about?∙ A Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.∙ B Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.∙ C Why childcare workers' pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.∙ D Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professional in a number of states.58 . What prevent childcare centers from saving money?∙ A Steady increase in labor costs.∙ B Strict government regulations.∙ C Lack of support from the state.∙ D High administrative expenses.59 . Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts?∙ A The overall quality of service is not as good.∙ B Payments for caregivers there are not as high.∙ C Living expenses there are comparatively low.∙ D Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.60 . What is the author's view on daycare service?∙ A Caregivers should receive regular professional training.∙ B Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs.∙ C It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.∙ D It is better for different states to learn from each other.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Alex Pang's amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer. And that, he claims, is pretty much all of us. When we're not online, where we spend four months annually, we're engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online.The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It's a thoughtful examination of the danger of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness.A "professional futurist", Pang urges an approach which he calls "contemplative (沉思的) computing." He asks that you pay full attention to "how your mind and body interact with computers and how your attention and creativity are influenced by technology."Pang's first job is to free you from common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. What is commonly called multitasking is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects on productivity are well documented. Pang doesn't advocate returning to a pre-Internet world. Instead, he asks you to "take a more ecological (生态的) view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life harder."The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have changed certain field of labor—often for the worse. For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, "Architecture is first and foremost about thinking and drawing is a more productive way of thinking" than computer-aided design. Somewhat less amusing are Pang's solutions for kicking the Internet habit. He recommends the usual behavior-modification approaches, familiar to anyone who hascompleted a quit-smoking program. Keep logs to study your online profile and decide what you can knock out, download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a "digital Sabbath (安息日)" ; "Unless you're a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you'll discover that your world doesn't fall apart when you go offline."61 . Alex Pang's new book is aimed for readers who ________.∙ A find their work online too stressful∙ B go online mainly for entertainment∙ C are fearful about using the cellphone or computer∙ D can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet62 . What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book?∙ A Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively.∙ B Warn people of the possible dangers of Internet use.∙ C Predict the trend of future technological development.∙ D xamine the influence of technology on the human mind.63 . What is the common view on multitasking?∙ A It enables people to work more efficiently.∙ B It is in a way quite similar to switch-tasking.∙ C It makes people's work and life even harder.∙ D It distracts people's attention from useful work.64 . What does the author think of computer-aided design?∙ A It considerably cuts down the cost of building design.∙ B It somewhat restrains architects' productive thinking.∙ C It is indispensable in architects' work process.∙ D It can free architects from laborious drawing.65 . What is Ales Pang's recommendation for Internet users?∙ A They use the Internet as little as possible.∙ B They keep a record of their computer use time.∙ C They exercise self-control over their time online.∙ D They entertain themselves online on off-days only.第二套作文：A Course That Has Impressed You Most in College.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As an Alaskan fisherman, Timothy June, 54, used to think that he was safe from industrial pollutants(污染物) at his home in Haines—a town with a population of 2,400 people and 4,000 eagles, with 8 million acres of protected wild land nearby. But in early 2007, June agreed to take part in a __36__ of 35 Americans from seven states. It was a biomonitoring project, in which people's blood and urine(尿) were tested for __37__ of chemicals—in this case, three potentially dangerous classes of compounds found in common household __38__ like face cream, tin cans,and shower curtains. The results—__39__ in November in a report called "Is It in Us?" by an environmental group—were rather worrying . Every one of the participants, __40__ from an Illinois State senator to a Massachusetts minister, tested positive for all three classes of pollutants. And while the __41__ presence of these chemicals does not __42__ indicate a health risk, the fact that typical Americans carry these chemicals at all __43__ June and his fellow participants.Clearly, there are chemicals in our bodies that don't __44__ there. A large, ongoing study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found 148 chemicals in Americans of all ages. And in 2005, the Environmental Working Group found an __45__ of 200 chemicals in the blood of 10 new-borns. "Our babiesare being born pre-polluted." says Sharyle Patton of Commonweal, which cosponsored "Is it in Us?" "This is going to be the next big environmental issue after climate change."(A) analyses(B) average(C) belong(D) demonstrated(E) excess(F) extending(G) habitually(H) necessarily(I) products(J) ranging(K) released(L) shocked(M) simple(N) survey(O) tracesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the informationis derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In Hard Economy for All Ages. Older Isn't Better...It's Brutal A) Young graduates are in debt, out of work and on their parents' couches. People in their 30s and 40s can't afford to buy homes or have children. Retirees are earning near-zero interest on their savings.B) In the current listless (缺乏活力) economy, every generation has a claim to having been most injured. But the Labor Department's latest jobs reports and other recent data present a strong case for crowning baby boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的人) as the greatest victims of the recession and its dreadful consequences.C) These Americans in their 50s and early 60s—those near retirement age who do not yet have access to Medicare and Social Security—have lost the most earnings power of any age group, with their household incomes 10 percent below what they made when the recovery began three years ago, according to Sentier Research, a data analysis company. Their retirement savings and home values fell sharply at the worst possible time: just before they needed to cash out. They are supporting both aged parents and unemployed young-adult children, earning them the unlucky nickname "Generation Squeeze."D) New research suggests that they may die sooner, because their health, income security and mental well-being were battered (重创) by recession at a crucial time in their lives. A recent study by economists at Wellesley College found that people who lost their jobs in the few years before becoming qualified for Social Security lost up to three years from their life expectancy (预期寿命), largely because they no longer had access to affordable health care.E) Unemployment rates for Americans nearing retirement are far lower than those for young people, who are recently out of school, with fewer skills and a shorter work history. But once out of a job, older workers have a much harder time finding another one. Over the last year, the average duration of unemployment for older people was 53 weeks, compared with 19 weeks for teenagers, according to the Labor Department's jobs report released on Friday.F) The lengthy process is partly because older workers are more likely to have been laid off from industries that are downsizing, like manufacturing. Compared with the rest of the population, older people are also more likely to own their own homes and be less mobile than renters, who can move to new job markets.G) Older workers are more likely to have a disability of some sort, perhaps limiting the range of jobs that offer realistic choices. They may also be less inclined, at least initially, to take jobs that pay far less than their old positions.H) Displaced boomers also believe they are victims of age discrimination, because employers can easily find a young, energetic worker who will accept lower pay and who can potentially stick around for decades rather than a few years.I) In a survey by the center of older workers who were laid off during the recession, just one in six had found another job, and half of that group had accepted pay cuts. 14% of the re-employed said the pay in their new job was less than half what they earned in their previous job. "I just say to myself: 'Why me? What have 1 done to deserve this?'" said John Agati, 56, whose last full-time job, as a product developer, ended four years ago when his employer went out of business. That position paid $90,000, and his resume lists jobs at companies like American Express, Disney and USA Networks. Since being laid off, though, he has worked a series of part-time, low-wage, temporary positions, including selling shoes at Lord & Taylor and making sales calls for a car company.J) The last few years have taken a toll not only on his family's finances, but also on his feelings of self-worth. "You just get sad," Mr. Agati said. "I see people getting up in the morning, going out to their careers and going home. I just wish I was doing that. Some people don't like their jobs, or they have problems with their jobs, but at least they're working. I just wish I was in their shoes." He said he cannot afford to go back to school, as many younger people without jobs have done. Even if he could afford it, economists say it is unclear whether older workers like him benefit much from more education.K) "It just doesn't make sense to offer retraining for people 55 and older," said Daniel Hamermesh, an economics professor. "Discrimination by age, long-term unemployment, and the fact that they're now at the end of the hiring queue just don't make it sensible to invest in them." L) Many displaced older workers are taking this message to heart and leaving the labor force entirely. The share of older people applying for Social Security early rose quickly during the recession as people sought whatever income they could find. The penalty they will pay is permanent, as retirees who take benefits at age 62 will receive as much as 30% less in each month's check for the rest of their lives than they would if they had waited until full retirement age (66 for those born after 1942). M) Those not yet eligible for Social Security are increasingly applying for another, comparable kind of income support that often goes to people who expect never to work again: disability benefits. More than one in eight people in their late 50s is now on some form of federal disability insurance program, according to Mark Duggan at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School.N) The very oldest Americans, of course, were battered by some of the same ill winds that tormented those now nearing retirement, but at least the most senior were cushioned by a more readily available social safetynet. More important, in a statistical twist, they may have actually benefited from the financial crisis in the most fundamental way: prolonged lives.O) Death rates for people over 65 have historically fallen during recessions, according to a November 2011 study by economists at the University of California, Davis. Why? The researchers argue that weak job markets push more workers into accepting relatively undesirable work at nursing homes, leading to better care for residents.46 . Greater mobility puts younger people at an advantage in seeking new jobs.47 . Many of the older workers laid off during the recession had to accept lower pay in their new jobs.48 . Those who has their jobs shortly before retirement age live a shorter-than-average life.49 . Seniors at nursing homes could benefit from the weak job market.50 . Age discrimination in employment makes it pointless retraining older workers.51 . According to recent reports and data analyses, boomers suffer most from the weak economy.52 . Unemployed boomers are at a disadvantage in job-hunting because employers tend to hire younger workers.53 . People in their fifties and early sixties bear the heaviest family burdens.54 . People who take benefits from Social Security before official retirement age will get muchless for the rest of their lives.55 . Older workers' choice of jobs can be limited because of disability.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling (骑车) passengers on those blazing blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops? Is Citi Bike rolling up riders at their expense？At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager W. Ben said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program. "It's getting more people on the road" he said. James Ryan, an employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy also said Citi Bike is a good option for people。
2014年12月年大学英语四级(CET-4)考试真题(第二套)
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a course that has impressed you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1.A)The man is not good at balancing his budget.B)She will go purchase the gift herself.C)The gift should not be too expensive.D)They are going to Jane^ house-warming party.2.A)He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.B)It takes patience to go through the statistics.C)He has prepared the statistics for the woman.D)The woman should take a course in statistics.3.A)Page 55 is missing from the woman’s scripts.B)They cannot begin their recording right away.C)The woman does not take the recording seriously.D)The man wants to make some changes in the scripts.4.A)The date of Carl’s wedding.C) A significant event in July.B)The birthday of Carl’s bride.D) Preparations for a wedding.5.A)The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.B)The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C)The woman was annoyed at the man’s excuse.D)The man was in charge of scheduling meetings.6.A)The woman is a marvelous cook. C) The man has to leave in half an hour.B)The woman has just bought an oven. D) The man cannot wait for his meal.7.A)How she can best help the man. C) What items sell well in the store.B)Where the man got the bad news. D) Whether the man can keep his job.8.A)The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B)He works in the physical education department.C)The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D)He would like to teach the woman how to swim.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) He teaches in a law school. C) He is a diplomat.B)He loves classical music. D) He is a wonderful lecturer.10. A) Went to see a play. C) Took some photos.B) Watched a soccer game. D) Attended a dance.11. A) She decided to get married in three years.B)Her mother objected to Eric’s flying lessons.C)She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.D)Her father said she could marry Eric right away.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Editor. C) Journalist.B)Teacher. D) Typist.13.A) The beautiful Amazon rainforests. C) Big changes in the Amazon valley.B) A new railway under construction. D) In a local evening paper.14.A) In news weeklies. C) In a local evening paper.B) In newspapers5 Sunday editions. D) In overseas editions of U. S. magazines.15.A) To be employed by a newspaper. C) To sell her articles to a news service.B) To become a professional writer. D) To get her life story published soon.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneSection ADirections :In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.than a few years.[I] In a survey of older workers who were laid off during the recession, just one in six had found another job, and half of that group had accepted pay cuts. 14% of the re-employed said the pay in their new job was less than half what they earned in their previous job. “I just say to myself：‘ Why me? What have I done to deserve this?’ ’’ said John Agati， 56，whose last full-time job, as a product developer, ended four years ago when his employer went out of business. That position paid $90,000, and his resume lists jobs at companies like American Express, Disney and USA Networks. Since being laid off, though, he has worked a series of part-time, low-wage, temporary positions, including selling shoes at Lord & Taylor and making sales calls for a car company.[J] The last few years have taken a toll not only on his family’s finances, but also on his feelings of self- worth. “You just get sad,” Mr. Agati said. “I see people getting up in the morning, going out to their careers and going home. I just wish I was doing that. Some people don’t like their jobs, or they have problems with their jobs, but at least they’re working. I just wish I was in their shoes.” He said he cannot afford to go back to school, as many younger people without jobs have done. Even if he could afford it, economists say it is unclear whether older workers like him benefit much from more education.[K] “It just doesn’t make sense to offer retraining for people 55 and older,” said Daniel Hamermesh, an economics professor. “Discrimination by age, long-term unemployment, and the fact that they’ve now at the end of the hiring queue just don’t make it sensible to invest in them.”[L] Many displaced older workers are taking this message to heart and leaving the labor force entirely. The share of older people applying for Social Security early rose quickly during the recession as people sought whatever income they could find. The penalty they will pay is permanent, as retirees who take benefits at age 62 will receive as much as 30% less in each months check for the rest of their lives than they would if they had waited until full retirement age (66 for those born after 1942).[M] Those not yet qualified for Social Security are increasingly applying for another, comparable kind of income support that often goes to people who expect never to work again：disability benefits. More than one in eight people in their late 50 s is now on some form of federal disability insurance program, according to Professor Mark Duggan at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School.[N] The very oldest Americans, of course, were battered by some of the same ill winds that tormented (折磨）those now nearing retirement, but at least the most senior were cushioned by a more readily available social safety net. More important, in a statistical twist, they may have actually benefited from the financial crisis in the most fundamental way: longer lives.[O] Death rates for people over 65 have historically fallen during recessions, according to a November 2011 study by economists at the University of California, Davis. Why? The researchers argue that weak job markets push more workers into accepting relatively undesirable work at nursing homes, leading to better care for residents.46.Greater mobility puts younger people at an advantage in seeking new jobs.47.Many of the older workers laid off during the recession had to accept lower pay in their new jobs.48.Those who lose their jobs shortly before retirement age live a shorter-than-average life.49.Seniors at nursing homes could benefit from the weak job market.50.Age discrimination in employment makes it pointless retraining older workers.51.According to recent reports and data analyses, boomers suffer most from the weak economy.52.Unemployed boomers are at a disadvantage in job-hunting because employers tend to hire younger workers.53.People in their fifties and early sixties bear the heaviest family burdens.54.People who take benefits from Social Security before official retirement age will get much less for the restof their lives.55.Older workers5 choice of jobs can be limited because of disability.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling (骑车的) passengers on those shining blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops? Is Citi Bike rolling up riders at their expense?At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, manager W. Ben said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program. “ It’s getting more people on the road,’’ he said. James Ryan, an employee at Danny’s Cycles in Gramercy also said Citi Bike is a good option for people to ease into biking in a city famed for its traffic jams and aggressive drivers. “They can try out a bike without committing to buying one,” he said.Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny’s Cycles. But for Frank’s Bike Shop, a small business on Grand St. , the bike-share program has been bad news. Owner Frank Arroyo said his rental business has decreased by 90% since Citi Bike was rolled out last month. Arroyo’s main rental customers are European tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes.However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. People have used the bike- share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer for themselves,’’ he noted.Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. just north of Christopher St. , said initially he was concerned about bike-share, though, he admitted, “ I was happy to see people on bikes.”Farrell’s early concerns were echoed by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. “It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to implement,” Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders’ lack of awareness of biking rules and strong negative reaction from non-cyclists. However, he said, ifs still too early to tell if his business has been impacted.While it’s possible bike-share will cause a drop in business, Crooks allowed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City.56.What is the author’s chief concern about the increasing use of Citi Bikes in New York?A)How non-cyclists will respond to it.B)Whether local bike shops will suffer.C)Whether local bike businesses will oppose it.D)How the safety of bike riders can be ensured.57.What happened to Gotham Bikes as a result of the bike-share program?A) It found its bike sales unaffected.C) It saw its bike sales on the rise.B) It shifted its business to rentals.D) It rented more bikes to tourists.58.Why is the bike-share program bad news for Franks Bike Shop?A)It cannot meet the demand of the bike-share program.B)Its customers have been drawn away by Citi Bikes.C)Its bike prices have to be lowered again and again.D)It has to compete with the city’s bike rental shops.59.Why did Andrew Crooks think that the bike-share program would be difficult to execute?A)Inexperienced riders might break biking rules.B)Conflicts might arise among bike rental shops.C)Traffic conditions might worsen in the downtown area.D)There are not enough lanes to accommodate the bikes.60.What is the general attitude of local bike shops towards Citi Bike?A) Wait-and-see. B) Negative.C) Indifferent.D) Approving.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Various studies have shown that increased spending on education has not led to measurable improvements in learning. Between 1980 and 2008, staff and teachers at US public schools grew roughly twice as fast as students. Yet students showed no additional learning in achievement tests.Universities show similar trends of increased administration personnel and costs without greater learning, as documented in Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa’s recent book Academically Adrift：Limited Learning on College Campuses.A survey shows that 63% of employers say that recent college graduates don’t have the skills they need to succeed and 25% of employers say that entry-level writing skills are lacking.Some simplistically attribute the decline in our public education system to the drain of skilled students by private schools, but far more significant events were at work.Public schools worked well until about the 1970s. In fact, until that time, public schools provided far better education than private ones. It was the underperforming students who were thrown out of public schools and went to private ones.A prominent reason public schools did well was that many highly qualified women had few options for working outside the house other than being teachers or nurses. They accepted relatively low pay, difficult working conditions, and gave their very best.Having such a large supply of talented women teachers meant that society could pay less for their services. Womens liberation opened up new professional opportunities for women, and, over time, some of the best left teaching as a career option, bringing about a gradual decline in the quality of schooling.Also around that time, regulations, government, and unions came to dictate pay, prevent adjustments, and introduce bureaucratic (官僚的）standard for advancement. Large education bureaucracies and unions came to dominate the landscape, confusing activity with achievement. Bureaucrats regularly rewrite curriculums, talk nonsense about theories of education, and require ever more administrators. The end result has been that, after all the spending, students have worse math and reading skills than both their foreign peers and earlier generations spending far less on education— as all the accumulating evidence now documents.61.What do we learn from various studies on America’s public education?A)Achievement tests have failed to truly reflect the quality of teaching.B)Public schools lack the resources to compete with private schools.C)Little improvement in education has resulted from increased spending.D)The number of students has increased much faster than that of teachers.62.How do some people explain the decline in public education?A)Government investment does not meet schools’ needs.B)Skilled students are moving to private schools.C)Qualified teachers are far from adequately paid.D)Training of students, basic skills is neglected.63. What was a significant contributor to the past glory of public schools?A)Well-behaved students.C)Talented women teachers.B)Efficient administration.D)Generous pay for teachers.64.Why did some of the best women teachers leave teaching?A)New career opportunities were made available to them by women’s liberation.B)Higher academic requirements made it difficult for them to stay in their jobs.C)They were unhappy with the bureaucratic administration in their schools.D)The heavy teaching loads left them little time and energy for family life.65.What does the author think is one of the results of government involvement in education?A)Increasing emphasis on theories of education.B)Highly standardized teaching methods.C)Students’ improved academic performance.D)An ever-growing number of administrators.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的。
(实用文档)某年12月英语四级考试听力模拟试题及答案
2014年12月英语四级考试《听力》模拟试题及答案Section ADirections：In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 longconversations．At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what was said Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A.，B.，C.and D.，and decide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre．回答1-25题：A．Stay in bed for several days．B．Take some medicine and have a good sleep．C．Lose some weight and do some exercises．D．Don’t drink any more．2、A．A news program．B．Bibliographies．C．Research topics．D．A dating service．3、A．Confident．B．Nervous．C．Uninterested．D．Upset．4、A．The man will rent the apartment when it iS available．B．The man made a bargain with the landlady over the rent．C．The man insists on having a look at the apartment first．D．The man is not fully satisfied with the apartment．5、A．He’d like a piece ofpie．B．He’d like some coffee．C．He’d rather stay in the warm room．D．He’s just had dinner with his friends．6、A．It’s dull．B．It’s funny．C．It’s simple．D．It’s complicated．7、A．Stay away for a couple of weeks．B．Check the locks every two weeks．C．Look after the Johnsons’house．D．Move to another place．8、A．Opening a gallery．B．Losing weight before getting any new clothes．C．Adding up the cost before going shopping．D．Buying some new clothes in a hurry．9、听录音，回答以下问题：A．To go sightseeing．B．To have meetings．C．To promote a new champagne．D．To join in a training program．10、A．It can reduce the number of passenger complaints．B．It can make air travel more entertaining．C．It can cut down the expenses for air travel．D．It can lessen the discomfort caused by air travel．11、A．Took．bA.anced meA.s with champagne．B．Ate vegetables and fruit only．C．Refrained from fish or meat．D．Avoided eating rich food．12、A．Many of them found it difIicult to exercise on a plane．B．Many of them were concemed with their well．being．C．Not many of them chose to do what she did．D．Not many of them understood the program．13、听录音，回答以下问题：A．Because he wanted to be a soldier when he was young．B．Because he liked the ocean very much．C．Because he wanted to fight for peace．D．Because he wanted to do something different．14、A．He will work in a computer company．B．He will leam American history．C．He will teach American history in a high school．D．He will study in a university．15、A．More than hA.f people are against this War．B．Most people are not concemed about this war．C．More than hA.f people are for this war．D．There are few people have doubts about this War．16、Passage One听录音，回答以下问题：A．Germany．B．Japan．C．TheUS．D．TheUK．17、A．By doing odd jobs at weekends．B．By working long hours every day．C．By putting in more hours each week．D．By taking shorter vacations each year．18、A．To combat competition and raise productivity．B．To provide them with more job opportunities．C．To help them maintain their living standard．D．To prevent them from holding a second job．19、A．Change their jobs．B．Earn more moneyC．Reduce their working hours．D．Strengthen the govemment’s role．20、Passage Two听录音，回答以下问题：A．Punishment by teachers．B．Poor academic performance．C．Truancy．D．Illness．21、A．The Board of Education．B．PrincipA.s of city schools．C．Students with good academic records．D．Students with good attendance records．22、A．Punishing students who damage school property．B．Rewarding schools that have decreased the destruction．C．Promoting teachers who can prevent the destruction．D．Cutting the budget for repairs and replacements．23、Passage Three听录音，回答以下问题：A．Why do people get angry?B．How does an angry driver cause a crash?C．Why do people attack others or damage property?D．Intermittent explosive disorder．24、A．Anger．B．A.cohols．C．Dangerous chemicA.s．D．ImbA.ance in brain chemicA.s．25、A．I．E．D．B．Stress from work．C．Traffic problem．D．Busy life．Section CDireetions：In this section．you will hear a passage three times．When t he passage is readfor thefirst time,you shouM listen carefully for its general idea．When t he passage is readfor the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with theexact words you have lust heard．Finally,when the passage is readfor the thirdtime,you should check what you have written．根据下列材料，请回答：A very effective way of structuring information for revision is to draw up a full，cloud coded concept or memory map of a subject．This will help you to seethe(26)__________ structure of the topic and show you the(27)__________ betweenpieces of information．A good concept map can be an effective mnemonic in itsown(28)__________ .The problem with this is that you can forget the(29)__________ on a line on a concept map．A more(30)__________ method is to take your concept map，and break it down into a(31)__________ list of important points．You can then use one of thepeg(32)__________ to remember the items on the list．A.ternatively you can use the journey technique for(33)__________ lists．By associating items on a list with a peg system or journey,you can check that youhave retrieved all items held by the mnemonic．(34)__________ facts can be associated into images or sub．mnemonics．These could be triggered by the pegs for the pegsystems，or at landmarks if you use the journey system．A.ternatively you can loosely associate this information with the facts coded．Retrieving all the facts necessary to answer an exam essay question becomes as simple as running through the mnemonic in your mind．As you go，jot down the retrieved facts that(35)__________ the question．Once you have written these down，you can apply any other mnemonics you have coded，or note any associated facts and connections that Occurto you．This should ensure that you have all possible information available to you，and should help you to produce a good essay plan．26、请回答（26）题__________.27、请回答（27）题__________.28、请回答（28）题__________.29、请回答（29）题__________.30、请回答（30）题__________.31、请回答（31）题__________.32、请回答（32）题__________.33、请回答（33）题__________.34、请回答（34）题__________.35、请回答（35）题__________.参考答案1-5．DBBCB6-10．CABBD11-15．DCDBA 16-20．BDACC21-25．DBDDA26．overA.l 27.associations28．right29.1abel30.reliable31．numbered32．techniques33.10nger34．Supporting35．relevant to。
2014年12月英语四级考试真题以及答案(第1套)
2014年12月英语四级考试真题以及答案(第1套)2014年12月英语四级考试真题以及答案(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Time Management". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.The Importance of Time ManagementTime management is an essential skill that everyone should possess. It is the process of planning and organizing how much time you spend on various activities to maximize productivity and efficiency. Effective time management can help you achieve your goals, reduce stress, and improve your overall quality of life.Firstly, time management helps you achieve your goals. By setting priorities and allocating time to each task, you can ensure that you are making progress towards your objectives. This can help you stay motivated and focused, and ultimately lead to greater success.Secondly, time management can reduce stress. When you have a lot of tasks to complete, it can be overwhelming and stressful. However, by breaking down your tasks into smaller, more manageable chunks, you can reduce the feeling of being overwhelmed and make progress towards your goals.Finally, effective time management can improve your overall quality of life. By managing your time effectively, you can create more time for the things that matter most to you, such as spending time with family and friends, pursuing hobbies, or simply relaxing.In conclusion, time management is a crucial skill that can help you achieve your goals, reduce stress, and improve your overall quality of life. By taking the time to plan and organize your activities, you can make the most of your time and achieve greater success.。
2014年12月英语四级考试听力模拟试题及答案
2014年12月英语四级考试听力模拟试题及答案2014年12月英语四级考试《听力》模拟试题及答案Section ADirections：In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what was said Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A.，B.，C.and D.，and decide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre．回答1-25题：A．Stay in bed for several days．B．Take some medicine and have a good sleep．C．Lose some weight and do some exercises．D．Don’t drink any more．2、A．A news program．B．Bibliographies．C．Research topics．D．A dating service．3、A．Confident．B．Nervous．C．Uninterested．D．Upset．4、A．The man will rent the apartment when it iS available．B．The man made a bargain with the landlady over the rent．C．The man insists on having a look at the apartment first．D．The man is not fully satisfied with the apartment．5、A．He’d like a piece ofpie．。
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage。
The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph。
Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly , often using Web—connected mobile devices they carry everywhere。
But the Internet’s tremendous impact has only just begun。
"Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural，and political transformations in history，and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global，" Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book The New Digital Age.Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currently lack Internet access get online。
2014年大学英语四级模拟试题含答案
2014年大学英语四级模拟试题含答案听力部分短对话1. D) providing good education for baby boomers。
2. D) Students’performance declined。
3. D) They are mostly small in size。
4. D) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones。
5. C) their college-level test participation。
6. B) Their school performance was getting worse。
7. A) maintain closer relationships with their teachers。
8. Simplicity9. different measures10. tough subjects11.M: As you can see from the drawings, the kitchen has one door into the dining room, another into the family room and a third to the outside。
W: The door into the family room isn’t big enough. Could it be made wider?Q: What are the speakers doing?【答案】D) Discussing a housing plan。
此题为简单的推理题。
从drawing，kitchen等关键词可知，两人正在看房间的图纸，并讨论希望family room能够再大点。
12.M: I’m thinking about where to go for a bite tonight. Any suggestions, Barbara?W: Well, how about the French restaurant near the KFC? Frankly, I’ve had enough of our canteen food。
2014年大学英语四级冲刺模拟题及答案(共四份)(高分突破模拟题+参考答案)
2014年大学英语四级冲刺模拟题及答案（共四份）（高分突破模拟题+参考答案）关于本文档：由马宁新搜集整理本文档共分四部分：大学英语四级冲刺模拟题及答案解析；共30页，19335字；宋体，五号字目录2014年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案参考一............ . (2)2014年大学英语四级模拟题及答案之二................ .. (11)2014年大学英语四级模拟题及答案之三................ ........ .......... (18)2014年大学英语四级模拟试题含答案（四）................ ........ . (25)2014年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案参考一Part ⅠTapescript of Listening ComprehensionSection A1. M: Excuse me, could you tell me where Dr. Brown’s of fice is?W: The doctor’s office is on the fifth floor, but the elevator can only go to the fourth. So you’ll have to use the stairs to reach there. It’s the seventh room on the left.Q: On which floor is the doctor’s office?2. M: Did you hear about the computer that John bought from Morris?W: He got a bargain（便宜货）,didn’t he?Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3. W: Your sister Jane didn’t recognize me at first.M: I’m not surprised. Why on earth don’t you lose some weight?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?4. M: Between the two houses we saw yesterday, which one do you prefer?W: I think the white one is prettier, but the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better.Q: Which house does the woman prefer?5. M: It sure is hot today. This must be the hottest summer in years.W: Well, it’s certainly hotter than last summer. I was out in the sun today, and I think I’m five pounds lighter than I was this morning.Q: What does the woman mean?6. M: I heard the student bus was overturned（翻倒）in a traffic accident.W: Yes, and what’s more, no one on the bus was not injured.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. W: Hello, Robert. What are you doing here? Drawing money?M: No. I only want to put some money in my deposit account（储蓄账户）. Not very much, but I’m trying to save.Q: What is the man doing?8. M: Oh, no, I am not lazy. You should have seen my school report! They said I was reliable, industrious and conscientious.W: Well, teachers nowadays expect too little.Q: What does the woman think of teachers nowadays?9. W: Don’t worry about it, Stanley. There’s nothing we can do now.M: I can’t help it, Stella. If I’d been thinking, this wouldn’t have happened.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?10. M: You look very nice in this dress. Perhaps the waist is little too tight. Would you like to try a size larger?W: Well, the style isn’t quite what I had in mind. Thank you anyway.Q: Why didn’t the woman buy the dress?Part ⅡReading ComprehensionPassage One这是一篇人文类说明文。
2014年大学英语四级模拟题二十及答案
2014年大学英语四级模拟题二十及答案Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.21.What is the main point the author makes in the passage?A.Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.B.At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.C.Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.D.The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indianwomen.22.The word “it”in line 5 refers to ____.A.sideB.revolutionC.disputeD.independence23.How did Ward gain her position of authority?A.By bravery in battle.B.By marriage to a chief.C.By joining the confederacy.D.By being born into a powerful family.24.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?A.Mohawk.B.Iroquois.C.Cherokee.D.Creek.25.According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?A.Each was called “Beloved Woman”by her tribe.B.Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.C.Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.D.Each went to England after the American Revolution.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Born in 1830 in rural Amherst, Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson spent her entire life in the household of her parents. Between 1858 and 1862, it was later discovered, she wrote like a person possessed, often producing a poem a day. It was also during this period that her life was transformed into the myth of Amherst. Withdrawing more and more, keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called, she began to dress only in white—a habit that added to her reputation as an eccentric.In their determination to read Dickinson’s life in terms of a traditional romantic plot, biographers have missed the unique pattern of her life—her struggle to create a female life not yet imagined by the culture in which she lived. Dickinson was not the innocent, lovelorn and emotionally fragile girl sentimentalized by the Dickinson myth and popularized by William Luce’s 1976 play, the Belle of Amherst. Her decision to shut the door on Amherst society in the 1850’s transformed her house into a kind of magical realm in which she was free to engage her poetic genius. Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair, but rather a part of a more general pattern of renunciation through which she, in her quest for self sovereignty, carried on an argument with the puritan fathers, attacking with wit and irony their cheerless Calvinist doctrine, their stern patriarchal God, and their rigid notions of “true womanhood”.26.What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage?A.To interpret Emily Dickinson’s eccentric behavior.B.To promote the popular myth of Emily Dickinson.C.To discuss Emily Dickinson’s failed love affair.D.To describe the religiou s climate in Emily Dickinson’s time.27.Which of the following is not mentioned as being one of Emily Dickinson’s eccentricities?A.Refusing to eat.B.Wearing only white.C.Avoiding visitors.D.Staying in her room.28.According to the passage, biographers of Emily Dickinson have traditionally ____.A.criticized most of her poemsB.ignored her innocence and emotional fragilityC.seen her life in romantic termsD.blaming her parents for restricting her activities29.The author implies that many peopl e attribute Emily Dickinson’s seclusion to ____.A.physical illnessB.a failed love affairC.religious fervorD.her dislike of people30.It can be inferred from the passage that Emily Dickinson lived in a society that was characterized by ____.A.strong Puritan beliefsB.equality of men and womenC.the encouragement of nonconformityD.the appreciation of poetic creativityQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rails were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at highspeeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870’s, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. It was made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring and reheating iron ore.Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120 long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.31.According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ____.A.cheaper and more plentifulB.lighter and easier to moldC.cleaner and easier to mineD.stronger and more durable32.According to the passage, how did Bessemer method make the mass production of steel possible?A.It directed air at melted iron in a furnace, removing all impurities.B.It slowly heated iron ore then stirred it and heated it again.C.It changed iron ore into iron which was a substitute for steel.D.It could quickly find deposits of iron ore under the ground.33.According to the passage, where were large deposits of iron uncovered?A.In Pittsburgh.B.In the Mesabi Range.C.Near Lake Michigan.D.Near Lake Erie.34.The words “Barges and steamers”could best be replaced by which of the following?A.Trains.B.Planes.C.Boats.D.Trucks.35.It can be inferred from the passage that the mass production of steel caused ____.A.a decline in the railroad industryB.a revolution in the industrial worldC.an increase in the price of steelD.a feeling of discontent among steel workersQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling fatherwho relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses—all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.Descripitive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grand level—variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum—or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible from the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. Thisgeneral class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make prediction using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishesto determine of the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessaryand inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.36.With what is the passage mainly concerned?A.The drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics.B.Applications of inferential statistics.C.The development and use of statistics.D.How to use descriptive statistics.37.Why does the author mention the “mother”and “father”in the first paragraph?A.To point out that parents can teach their children statistics.B.To introduce inferential statistics.C.To explain that there are different kinds of variables.D.To present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable way.38.Which of the following is NOT given as an example of qualitative variable?A.Gender.B.Height.C.College major.D.Type of personality.39.Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is best supported by the passage?A.It simplifies unwieldy masses of data.B.It leads to increased variability.C.It solves all numerical problems.D.It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables.40.According to the passage which is the purpose of examining a sample of a population?A.To compare different groups.B.To predict characteristics of the entire population.C.To consider all the quantitative variables.D.To tabulate collections of data.Part ⅢVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.41.He is among those lucky students who have won ____ to first rate university.A.permissionB.admittanceC.professionD.admission42.Mathematics as well as other subjects ____ a science.A.wasB.isC.areD.belong to43.We should ____ our human and material resources if we are to succeedin the joint venture.A.pourB.plungeC.poolD.pick44.I would appreciate ____ it a secret.A.your keepingB.that you keepC.you to keepD.that you will keep45.Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t ____ so much noise.A.resistB.tolerateC.sustainD.undergo46.I’ll lend you my cassette recorder ____ I’ve done with it.A.every timeB.the momentC.untilD.lest47.I ____ several interesting facts about Mexico in that book.A.came toB. came intoC.came overD.came across48.The seeing eye dog was the blind man’s ____ companion.A.continualB.consistentC.constantD.continuous49.Getting up is an everyday ____.A.happeningB.occurrenceC.incidentD.event50.We are not ____ to veto(否定) our own proposals.A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.potential51.This is ____ the first time you have been late.A.under no circumstancesB.on no accountC.by no meansD.for no reason52.Can you ____ me on the phone by the sound of my voice?A.make upB.make overC.make outD.make off53.The mechanic examined the car engine ____ but could find nothing wrong with it.A.throughoutB.exactlyC.thoroughlyD.altogether54.Mr. Smith used to work the night ____ in a power plant.A.stretchB.shiftC.timeD.turn55.I broke my relationship with Anne because she always found ____.A.errorB.mistakeC.flawD.fault56.He failed again in the driving test. I don’t know why ____ he was so nervous.A.in the earthB.on the earthC.in earthD.on earth57.Sally’s score on the exam is the lowest in the class. She ____ hard.A.should have studiedB.must have to studyC.must have studiedD.needn’t have studied58.If you ____ in taking this attitude, we’ll have to ask you to leave.A.insistB.keepC.resistD.persist59.In Britain, the best season of the year is probably ____ spring.tterterstte60.____ he was a regular customer, the boss allowed 10% discount off the prices of the goods.A.GivingB.Given thatC.Giving thatD.To give that61.Like the old, ____ respected in our country.A.the female isB.a female isC.the female areD.female is62.It was difficult to tell what her ____ to the news could be.A.impressionmentC.reactionD.opinion63.American women were ____ the right to vote until 1920.A.ignoredB.deniedC.rejectedD.refused64.No one can behave ____, completely regardless of social conventions.A.at willB.at randomC.on purposeD.on easy65.____ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.A.As forB.ExceptC.In spiteD.Despite66.In his poems, he compared his little daughter ____ a flower.A.byB.toC.forD.as67.All flights ____ because of the heavy storm, we decided to take the train.A.having canceledB.being canceledC.having been canceledD.canceled68.Mother hopes her son will ____ doing anything rash.A.keep fromB.avoid fromC.ask fromD.protect from69.This story is not real; it is ____.A.imaginativeB.imaginaryC.imaginableD.imagining70.He slept in the ____ of the trees on such a hot day.A.shadeB.shelterC.shadowD.shieldPart ⅣShort Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions:In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).Our world is filled with sounds we never hear. The human auditory(听觉的) range is limited to begin with: if we could hear sounds lower than 20 vibrations per second, we would be driven mad by the rumblings and creakings of our muscles, intestines and heartbeats; every step we take would sound like an explosion. But even with our auditory range we select, focus, pay attention to a few sounds and blot out the rest. We are so assaulted(困扰) by sound that we continually “turn off”. But in the process we sh ut out the glorious symphony(交响乐) of sound inwhich the living world is bathed.The sound tormented city dweller who habitually “turns off his audio”loses a dimension of social reality. Some people, for example, possess the ability to enter a crowded room and from the sounds encountered know immediately the mood, pace and direction of the group assembled. Everything becomes more real when heard as well as seen. It is, in fact, quite hard really to know a person by sight alone, without hearing his voice. And it is not just the sound of the voice that informs. Even the rhythm of footsteps reveals age and variations of mood—delight, depression, anger, joy.Hearing can also soothe and comfort. The snapping of logs in the fireplace, the gossipy whisper of a broom, the inquisitive wheeze of a drawer opening—all are savored sounds that make us feel at home. In a well loved home, every chair produced a different, recognizable creak, every window a different click, groan or squeak. The kitchen by itself is a source of many pleasing sounds. Every place, every event has a sound dimension.The sense of hearing can perhaps be restored to modern man if he better understands its worth and how it works. Most people would be surprised to discover how far the sense can be pu shed by cultivation. At a friend’s house recently, my wife opened her purse and some coins spilled out, one after another, onto the floor. “Three quarters, two dimes, a nickels and three pennies,” said our host as he came in from the next room. And as an after thought: “One of the quarters is silver.” He was right, down to the last penny.“How did you do it?”we asked. “Try it yourself.”he said. We did, and with a little practice we found it easy.Curiously, evidence indicates that people need sound. When we are lost in thought,we involuntarily drum with our fingers or tap with a pencil—a reminder that weare still surrounded by a world outside ourselves. Just cutting down reflectedsound can produce some odd results. The nearest thing on earth to the silence ofouter space, for example, is the “anechoic chamber” at the Bell Telephone L aboratories in Burray Hills, N.J., which is lined with material that absorbs 99.98% of all reflected sound. Men who have remained in the room for more than an hour report that they feel nervous and out of touch with reality.Questions:S1.According to Paragraph One. Why do we blot out the sounds we don’t want to hear?__________________________________________S2.The writer believes that the rhythm of our footsteps changes as______________________________________.S3.How many different kinds of sounds are mentioned in Paragraph 3?________________________________________________S4.What’s the main idea of Paragraphs 4 and 5?___________________________________________________S5.The whole passage tells us that by ignoring most of the sound around us we miss much that could give us ______________________________.Part ⅤWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you’re allowed thirty minutes to write acomposition on the topic “Reading Selectively or Extensively?” you should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.有人认为读书要有选择；2.有人认为应当博览群书；3.我的看法。
2014年12月英语四级真题答案及解析(卷一)
2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题(一)答案与详解Part Ⅰ Writing审题思路本篇题目一改过去常写的议论文，要求写对自己影响最大的大学同学。
根据题目要求，写作重点应当是描述，而不是议论。
考生首先应直接或间接地引出主题，然后通过具体事例阐释该同学对“我”产生重大影响的原因,最后发表议论，照应前文，升华主题。
由此可知，题目要求写一篇夹叙夹议，以叙述为主的作文。
写作提纲一、提出观点：同学“Tom ”改变了“我”（be subject to being pessimistic ，strive to encourage, appreciate)二、阐释主题：1、在他的帮助下，我发现英语没那么难(be confused about ，make progress)2、他教我如何面对挫折(live through setbacks) 三、升华主题：l 、“Tom”让我认识到了自信和乐观的重要性(the significance of self-confidence and optimism )2、这种态度使人受益终身(benefit people all his life)范文点评全文翻译对我影响最大的大学同学我曾经对自己的学习并不那么自信，而且遇到挫折时就容易悲观。
然而，当我的一个大学同学汤姆竭尽全力鼓励我的时候，我发现自己渐渐地有所改变。
我非常感激他对我的帮助。
以前我的英语不好，然而每当我对老师的讲解感到迷惑不解时，汤姆总是用清晰明了的方式给我解释。
渐高分范文 精彩点评A Classmate Who Has Influenced Me Most in College ① Once upon a time, I was not so confident about my study and was subject to being pessimistic when confronted with frustrations. ② However, I found myself gradually changing as Tom, one of my classmates in college, strived to encourage me. ③ I really appreciate his help. ④ I used not to be good at English ； however, whenever I was confused about the teacher’s explanation, he always interpreted it to me in- an explicit way. Gradually, I found English not so difficult and made progress day by day. ⑤ In addition, it was Tom who kept guiding me how to live through all kinds of setbacks in life. ⑥ I’l l never forget the very day when I failed my speech contest and I was overwhelmed and ashamed.⑦ Tom told me that nobody can defeat a person if he is determined to stand upto every failure. ⑧With his encouragement, I regained confidence, realizing that optimism was always the key to success. ⑨ Thanks to Tom, I eventually learned the significance ofself-confidence and optimism. They not only serve as indispensable characteristics of personality but also will benefit people all his life.① ②通过描述那个曾经缺乏自信而且悲观的 “我”渐渐地有所改变引出文章主题——对 “我”影响最大的大学同学，他竭尽全力鼓励“我”。
2014年12月英语四级阅读理解模拟题及答案
Americans Looking To Chinese CultureTo Enrich Their Life The latest Chinese cultural icon to make its impact there is feng shui1, China's ancient art of placement. In my recent trip to California, virtually all leading book stores and public libraries were well-stocked with plenty of publications on this highly esoteric subject.Why do Americans take to feng shui like fish to water? It owed its early success to the dogged efforts of a handful of Chinese feng shui experts. But from around 1990 onwards, numerous feng shui schools have sprung up in large American cities including San Francisco, New York, Chicago, Boston and Houston.Their enrolments have risen by leaps and bounds.Its adherents find its commonsensible approach to daily living an effective counterweight to materialism, and helps them to reduce the intrusion of technology into their lives. With its emphasis on achieving balance and harmony and peace and tranquillity at home and at work, this time-honoured art relaxes their minds and helps them overcome stresses and strains of modern living. They firmly believe that once their mental and physical well-being are in equilibrium2, then good health, work efficiency and prosperity will come their way naturally.A conspicuous manifestation of feng shui is through the proliferation of miniature fountains strategically placed in the homes, offices, shops, restaurants and at other public places. This is because water attracts the all-important life -sustaining qi, or energy. The soothing rhythm of running water gently beating down on pebbles or bamboos can uplift one's spirits as it symbolises a vital source of life.Underpinning the growing popularity of Chinese things is the emergence of China as a potential world political and economic superpower. This coincided with its reopening up to the outside world which has enabled an increasing number of Americans to travel there in order to experience at first hand3 the splendours of this venerable civilisation.Added to this, the thriving Chinese communities in many American urban centres and their reputation as a model minority have aroused further their interests in this distant land, which is so vastly different from theirs.One of the palpable strengths of the United States is that it is truly an open society. This makes it easier for it to absorb cultural values and practices from other countries and to nurture them so that they become part of the social fabric of its own multiethnic and multicultural community.练习题：Ⅰ. Choose the be st words to fill the blanks:1. Hitler, the enemy of Poland and the rest of European world , became more and more warlike.A. publicB. potentialC. ancientD. effective2. People who enjoy a good are respected by many.A. balanceB. harmonyC. tranquilityD. reputation3. The growing of Internet makes the parents worry about its negative side over their kids.A. equilibriumB. popularityC. iconD. emergence4. The main of feng shui is to reconsider man's relationship with nature .A. proliferationB. valueC. practiceD. fabricⅡ. Question :Which reason below Can Not explain why feng shui is so popular in US?A. The United States is truly an open society.B. The emergence of China as a potential world political and economic superpower.C. Feng shui as an effective counterweight to materialism.D. The dogged efforts of a handful of Chinese feng shui experts.E. Feng shui's theory and practice becoming easy.Ⅰ. 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. BⅡ. E1. 很多英美⼈⼠都会说⼀句“ long time no see ( 很久不见) ”, 这种逐字将汉语变成英语的句⼦在英语中不多。
2014年12月四级全国统一模拟冲刺试卷写作解析
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views onthe proper way of using social media. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.Sir, wait a second. I’ll check it with the math appon my mobile phone. Then I’ll give you the result.”范文及写作思路简析首段：图画描述首句引入图画;之后描述图画内容：人/物+动作+文字+环境This is a funny but enlightening cartoon: a teachergives his student a test of basic skills in math; to his surprise, the girlresponds/answers, “Sir, wait a second. I’ll check it with the math app on mymobile phone. Then I’ll give you the result.”二段：图画主题+现象+危害Apparently, this picture can be naturallyassociated with the over-dependence on social media: if students intend toacquire adequate skills in study, it is not advisable for them to completelydepend on electronic tools. In contemporary society, it has become a trend fora host of youngsters to use various media in study. Meanwhile, an increasingnumber of teenagers find it rather convenient and efficient to solve problemswith the help of these tools. Taking a look around, we can notice a great manystudents like the girl in the cartoon. However, it is these social media thatdo not enable students to build up enough ability, experience and skills todeal with problems independently. (举例2：A case inpoint is the student in the picture.) As a matter of fact, intelligentpeople in large numbers have come to realize the negative impacts of electronicequipment on students’ learning.尾段：观点+建议Asa college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngstersto enhance our ability/quality to solve problems independently. Thus, teachersshould educate, advocate and encourage their kids to cultivate this awareness. Dobear in mind: social media are just our tools. (245words)。
大学英语四级模拟考试答案(1)
2014年12月大学英语四级模拟考试答案Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you will allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below . You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and thenexpress your views on the importance of seizing the opportunity .You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words.The important of seizing the opportunityAs is vividly drawn in picture ,some sand is slipping away from an open hand .Opportunity ,just like the sand ,if not held property ,may possibly slide away .And we should always bear in mind ,just as the caption says in the cartoon ,that more than half of our opportunity are released by ourselves.It is true that opportunity plays a vital role in helping us to achieve success .We should grasp every valuable opportunity and make use of it ,otherwise we would be left with nothing but regret and disappointment.But opportunity is not a piece of sheer luck smiling blindly on everyone . Just as a classic proverb goes ,chance favors the prepared minds .In fact ,hard work is as important as opportunity .Everyone who wants to be successful should work hard .When opportunities come, we should be ready and able to catch them .Hardworking people are more likely to seize the opportunity for success.Anyway ,opportunity will not inform us in advance when they are on their way ,so do work hard before they come .Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 1-5：BADAA 6-10:DBBCA11-15:DCDCA 16-20:BCDAC21-25:DDBCB26:selection 27:vegetable 28:determines29:growing numbers of 30:responsible for31:rush 32:preparing 33:keep accurate records34:attitudes 35:favoritePart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A36-40 EHABF 41-45 LIKND全文翻译：毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越热。
2014年大学英语四级模拟题(二)及答案
2014年大学英语四级模拟题及答案（二）Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B) ,C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Increasingly, over the past ten years, people—especially young people—have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for health. Consequently,there has been a growing interest in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today.Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have beengrown in soil that is rich in organic matter.In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food; but also produce eggs which lack important vitamins.There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, canbe used to sweeten food if this necessary, we can in fact do without it. It isnot that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be additive: the quantitywe use has grown steadily over the last centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and nofiber.It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important partof a healthy diet. In white bread, for example ,the fiber has been removed. Butit is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interestingto note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “healthy eating”.21.Which statement best expresses the main idea of this article?A) People should eat any food to keep themselves healthy and strong.B) People should eat natural foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.C) People should eat fiber foods to keep themselves healthy and strong.D) People should eat vegetables to keep themselves healthy and strong.22.“Particularly processed foods”means ____.A) foods which are particularly processed by adding chemical additivesB) foods which are particularly made by commercial farmsC) foods which are specially produced by commercial factoriesD) foods which are not specially made by adding anything23.Natural foods means ____.A) foods good for healthB) foods not good for healthC) foods such as vegetables, fruit and grain from rich organic matters soilD) crops from rich organic matters soil and meats of animals from healthy pastures24.There are no vitamins, no minerals and no fibers in ____.A) natural foods C) sugarB) animal meats D) fruit25.“Yet all it does is provide us with energy, in the form of calories.”It means ____.A) processed food provides us with energyB) natural food furnishes us with vitamins and mineralsC) sugar gives us enough energy in the form of caloriesD) fiber helps us to digest foodQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up intothe sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amountof information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back tothe earth.No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can.The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use onlysince 1946. It can do simple computations—add,subtract, multiply and divide—with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.Once it is given a “program”—that is, a carefully worked out set of in structions devised by a technician trained in computer language —a computer cagather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it canget information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a high powered“memory”machine that “has all the answers”—or almost all.Bes ides gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do.At times computers seem almost human. They can “read” hand printed letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called “thinking”machines?Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brainhas more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say that our brains are at least 10,000 times more complex than a computer.How we use them is for us, not the computer, to decide.26.In the first paragraph, the author thinks an electronic computer can ____.A) copy down all the factsB) remember all the factsC) organize the facts and everythingD) copy down, remember and organize all the facts27.“Program”means ____.A) a plan of what is to be doneB) a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time tableC) a scheduled performanceD) series of coded instructions to control the operations of a computer28.The computer is a high powered “memory”machine, which ____.A) has all the ready answers —or almost all to any questionsB) can remember everythingC) can store everything and work for youD) has all the answers — or almost to all the information that has beenstored29. “Thinking”machines suggest that ____.A) they can “read”hand printed letters etcB) they really can think and do many other jobsC) they even design other computersD) they can't think, but can do something under human control30.Can computers do whatever they want to do?Why?A) Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.B) No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.C) No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers.D) No, because how a computer works is decided by human.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:No one expressed this attitude more strongly than Noah Webster (17581843). Born near Nartford, Connecticut, he received his education at Yale College and later began to practise law. But business in this profession was slow, and he was forced to turn to teaching. As a teacher, he soon discovered that the English schoolbooks then in use were unsatisfactory, and the American Revolution reduced the supply of such books as there were. Webster therefore began to work on three simplebooks on English, a spelling book, a grammar, and a reader, and these were the first books of their kind to be published in this country. The success of the firstpart was surprisingly great. It was soon issued again under the title THE AMERICAN SPELLING BOOK, and in this form about 80 million copies were sold during thenext hundred years. From a profit of less than one cent a copy, Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life. Not only did the little book have great influence on many generations of school children, but it also had the effect or turning its author's attention to questions of language. In 1806 he produced a small dictionary,and this was followed by his greatest work, AN AMERICAN DICTIONARY OFTHE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, published in two volumes in1828. In both of these works and in many smaller writings he had one purpose: to show that the Englsih language in his country was a truly American thing, developing in its own special way and deserving to be considered from an independent, American point of view. As he himself wrote,“ It is not only important, but in a degree necessary, that the people of this country should have an AMERICAN DICTIONARY of the English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England…some differences exist…. No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, assembly, court, and so forth, for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country.” By giving American meanings and American pronunciation, by adopting a number of American spellings, and especially by introducing quotations from American authors beside those from English literature, he was able, to a great extent, to justify the title of his work. If, after a hundred years, some people still doubt the existence of a separate American language,his efforts, nevertheless, have left a lasting mark on the language of his country.31.Webster first tried to earn his living in the field of ____.A) education C) lawB) journalism D) medicine32.Webster earned most of his money from the sale of his ____.A) dictionary of 1828 C) grammarB) spelling book D) reader33.Apparently Webster published his first books while he was a____.A) teacher C) lawyerB) student D) doctor34.This article could be entitled ____.A) Noah Webster and American English SpellingB) Noah Webster, the author of An American Dictionary of the English Lan guageC) Noah WebsterD) Noah Webster and American English Grammar35.According to the article, Webster ____.A) had created American English and its usagesB) had discovered American English and improved itC) had tried his best and left a milestone on the language of his countryD) had left a language which was not used in England.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Once upon a time, the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around. Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over. Plenty of space for parks and factories. Plenty of forests to cut and grasslands to plow. Butthat was once upon a time. The days of unused land are over.Now the land has been spoken for, fenced off, carved up into cities and farms and industrial parks, put to use.At the same time, the population keeps growing. People need places to work and places to play. So we need more sites for more industries, more beaches formore sunbathers, and more clean rivers for more fishers. And it isn't just a matterof population growth. Our modern technology has needs that must be met, too. We need more coal for energy, and we need more power plants; cars must have highwaysand parking lots, and jets must have airports.Each of these land uses swallows up precious space.Highways and expressways alone take some 200,000 acres each year. And urban sprawl — the spreading out of cities — is expected to gobble up vast areas of land by the year 2,000. But thereis only so much land to go around. It is always hard to decide. Take, for example, a forest. A forest can be a timber supply. It can provide a home for wildlife.It is scenery and a recreation area for man. It is soil and watershed protection.36.“…the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around ”means that ____.A) the United States seemed to have vast land for its people to walk aroundB) the United States seemed to have enough land for sharing with everyoneC) the United States could provide whatever its inhabitents' needsD) the United States was not able to allow its people to do what they wanted to37.The sentence of “Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of ruralvalleys left over”suggests that ____.A) the United States had a lot of rivers to dam and many rural valleys,tooB) the rivers could be damed laterC) rural valleys would be considered in the futureD) people needn't think of the rivers and valleys38.“Now the land has been spoken for, …”tells us that ____.A) today, land has shown its valuesB) now, people have said something about landC) nowadays, land has been claimed by human beingsD) recently, people spoke for the land39.The phrase of “swallows up”informed us that ____.A) these usages of land have good resultsB) these lands must be used totallyC) the precious space was taken completelyD) the precious space were eaten up40.The word “sprawl”indicates that ____.A) cities are developing very fast to meet the people's demandsB) urban areas are diminishing smoothlyC) urban areas are enlarging steadily in a planned wayD) cities are spreading out without any plansPart ⅢVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For eachsentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the oneanswer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41.So frightened ____ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch.A) was the girl C) such a girl wasB) the girl was D) that the girl was42.The students ____ the exercises, the teacher went on to explain the text.A) doing C) having doneB) did D) to do43.They talked about things and persons ____ they remembered in the school.A) who C) thatB) which D) what44.Such an obvious error ____ this would be avoided, if you were more careful.A) like C) asB) with D) of45.They remained full of hope and determination ____ their repeated failures.A) instead of C) because ofB) in search of D) in spite of46.The car ____ seventy miles per hour until it reaches the riverside at about ten o'clock tonight.A) goes C) wentB) will go D) will be going47.He kept rubbing the child until ____ he fell asleep.A) long after C) before longB) soon after D) long before48. ____ his youth and inexperience, he is not suitable for the job.A) Seeing C) Having seenB) Seen D) To see49.When you ____ the test, check your papers before you hand them in.A) will finish C) will have finishedB) are finishing D) have finished50.I am interested in ____ you have told me.A) which C) thatB) all what D) all that51.No other quality is more important for a scientist to acquire____ to observe carefully.A) as C) andB) than D) but52.They were just about to give up the question, ____ suddenly they found the answer.A) as C) whenB) while D) the moment53.It was ____ then that I came to know that knowledge comes from practice.A) until C) tillB) not until D) since54.The world's supplies of petroleum ____.A) have been gradually being exhaustedB) have gradually exhaustedC) are gradually exhaustedD) are being gradually exhausted55.Everything depends on ____ we have enough time.A) if C) whetherB) when D) that56.I'd just as soon ____ rudely to her.A) you not speak C) you didn't speakB) your not speaking D) you hadn't spoken57.The concert was so interesting that we all felt it ended ____ soon.A) but too C) veryB) only too D) too58.The roar of the crowd finally ____ to a murmur.A) reduced C) decreasedB) diminished D) cut down59.It's very discourteous to ____ during some one's conversation.A) inspect C) interfereB) interrupt D) instruct60.Sometimes even the smallest thing will upset an ____ person.A) annoyed C) irritableB) irritated D) angry61.The conversation was so interesting that we were ____ of the lateness of the hour.A) negligible C) irrelevantB) inattentive D) oblivious62.The rainbow is one of the most beautiful ____ in nature.A) phenomenon C) appearanceB) phenomena D) experience63.It is ____ that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.A) serious C) significantB) great D) vital64.The performance will begin ____ at eight thirty.A) precisely C) accordinglyB) consequently D) exceedingly65.Mr.Smith, a chemistry teacher, never stops ____ new and better ways to improve his teaching.A) discovering C) searching forB) looking for D) finding out66.People greatly differ ____ their views of life.A) from C) atB) to D) in67.The geographical location of Hubei is quite favorable for agricultural production. It's ____ the land of fish and rice.A) famous for C) known asB) known by D) known to68.The officials called for an immediate ____ to determine the cause of the accident.A) investigation C) notificationB) preparation D) obligation69.People usually ____ certain foods by keeping them in a refrigerator or freezer.A) store C) keepB) hold D) preserve70.The girl carefully ____ every mispelled word on the page.A) surrounded C) encircledB) draw D) placePart ⅣTranslation from English into Chinese (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, there are five items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in the Reading Comprehension of the Test Paper. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.71.Increasingly, over the past ten years, people—especially young people—havebecome aware of the need to change their eating habits because much ofthe food they eat, particularly processed foods, is not good for health.(Passage 1,Paragraph 1)72.It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare.(Passage 1,Paragraph 5)73.Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed.(Passage 2, Paragraph 4)74.For some time to come, then we can safely say that our brains are at least 10000 times more complex than a computer.How to use them is forus, not the computer, to decide.(Passage 2,Paragraph 6)75.From a profit of less than one cent a copy, Webster got mostof his income for the rest of his life. (passage 3)Part ⅤWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Advertising”. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1. 广告的目的。
四级模拟考试卷
2014年12月大学英语四级模拟考试Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay.You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the problem of trust crisis．You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:I n this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions ill be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with single line through the centre.注意；此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
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2014 年秋季学期《大学英语》四级模拟考试试卷注意：1、本试卷共7 页；2、考试时间: 130 分钟Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the enthusiasm for pursuing post-graduate education and then discuss your view on having a master's degree. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 2."Well, I guess a master's degree is a master's degree."Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) That both the man and the woman were in class Friday.B) That the man was in class Friday but the woman was not.C) That the woman was in class Friday but the man was not.D) That neither the man nor the woman was in class Friday.2. A) George. B) George’s wife.C) George’s father.D) George’s father-in-law.3. A) Weights and measurements. B) Political systems.C) Employment . D) Money.4. A) She does not agree with the man.B) She thinks that it is better to wait.C) She thinks that it is better to drive at night.D) She does not think that the man made a wise decision.5. A) Secretary-Boss. B) Client-Lawyer.C) Student-Teacher. D) Patient-Nurse.6. A) The experiment will take a long time to do.B) The students should count their time in the lab.C) Dr. Walters teaches biology in the afternoon.D) Biology lab is one hour every afternoon.7. A) They must ask the professor about taking a longer vacation.B) They won’t be able to get an extension.C) There’s a question about enlarging the project.D) No one knows when the project is due.8. A) She is majoring in art history.B) She likes having a change from math.C) She isn’t taking the no rmal history course.D) She fell asleep in math class.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have heard.9.A) Looking around a lighthouse. B) Rowing a boat.C) Cleaning windows. D) Visiting a museum.10. A) By burning a candle. B) By electricity.C) By a kerosene lamp. D) By burning wood.11. A) She wrote about lighthouses. B) She built her own lighthouse.C) She was a skillful sea captain. D) She saved many people. Questions 12-15 are based on the conversation you have heard. 12. A) San Francisco. B) Forest fires.C) Redwood trees. D) Survival skills.13. A) In Muir Woods. B) Near Los Angeles.C) In San Francisco. D) Along the northern California coast.14. A) It has no admission fee. B) It is near San Francisco.C) It has a good view of the coast. D) It can be seen in one hour.15. A) Absence of natural enemies. B) Resistant bark and damp climate.C) Coastal isolation. D) Cool weather and daily fog.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) A 100-day-old baby panda. B) The US National Zoo.C) The US-China relation. D）Where the panda got its name.17. A) A milestone in the baby’s life. B）Happiness of the panda family.C）Care of their American hosts. D）The relation between US and China.18. A) Visiting the place where the baby and its mother live.B) Visiting the US National Zoo.C) Getting on the Internet to see its photos.D) Turning to the zoo officials for help.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Why a fixed timetable is more helpful.B) How a schedule can help kids do their homework.C) Why homework is more important than other activities.D) How to work out different schedules with different children.20. A) You have other activities at different times.B) You have music lessons every weekend.C) You have not enough time to finish homework.D) You have to study after school every Monday evening.21. A) Because it is where the child can easily see.B) Because it can make the door beautiful.C) Because the fridge door is not too tall.D) Because the mother can often see it.22. A) The students may forget to watch television.B) The students may have more time playing during the day.C) The students may do their work more carefully.D) The younger students can spend one hour on homework.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Glass was once made for decoration.B) People used glass to make telescopes.C) Glass was first used to make spectacles.D) Glass was first used to make bottles.24. A) The Greeks. B) The Romans.C) The Egyptians. D) Not mentioned.25. A) Glass-making. B) Window-decorating.C) Pottery-making. D) Painting.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在Answer Sheet 1上作答。