中考英语每日训练(134)

中考英语每日训练(134)
I练习
（1）Choose the best answer:
( ) 1. The ice in the lake is about one metre ________. It’s strong enough to skate on.
A. long B. high C. thick D. wide
( ) 2. Miss Green asked a question, but it was ________ that nobody could answer it.
A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult
( ) 3. ---- My watch doesn’t work. Could you mend it, please?
---- Sorry. But the workers in that watch shop may be ________.
A. kind B. friendly C. nice D. helpful
( ) 4. Sam often talks ________ but does ________. So everyone says he is a good boy.
A. less, more B. few, much C. more, little D. little, many
( ) 5. When the famous singer started to sing, everyone began to shout very ________.
A. loudly B. loud C. heavily D. high
( ) 6. In spring and summer, we have ____ rain in Harbin. It’s good for growing crops（庄稼）.
A. a lot B. quite a few C. lots of D. many
( ) 7. ---- Can you come on Friday or Saturday? --- I’m afraid ________ day is possible.
A. either B. some C. any D. neither
( ) 8. There is a smile on her face. I think she’s ________ with my work.
A. strict B. angry C. pleased D. sorry
( ) 9. She is ________ than any other girl in her class.
A. thiner B. thinner C. thin D. the thinnest
( ) 10. Jane’s English is very good, but her French is not so ________ as her English.
A. well B. good C. better D. best
（2）Choose the best answer:
The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago. There are some traditions that you can find almost anywhere, anytime, such as sending birthday cards, blowing out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the ‘Happy Birthday’ song. Others are only found for certain ages and in certain countries.
In China, on a child’s second birthday, family members put many things on the floor around the child. According to Chinese tradition, the first thing that the child picks up tells you what profession the child will choose later in life.
For Japanese children, the third, fifth and seventh birthdays are especially important. At this age, there is a special celebration Shichi-Go-San (seven, five, three in Japanese) when children go to the temple wearing a new kimono (和服). The priest (僧侣) gives them special sweets, and the parents usually organize a party for their friends in their home.
In Argentina, Mexico and several other Latin American countries, girls have a special birthday celebration when they reach the age of fifteen. After a special ceremony (仪式), the girls dance a waltz with their father and other boys.
Eighteen is the traditional ‘coming of age’— the age when (in many countries) you have the r

ight to vote (选举), join the army and (in Britain) drink alcohol or buy a house.
In many English-speaking countries, a twenty-first birthday cake often has a key on top, or the cake itself is sometimes in the shape of a key. The key means that the young person is now old enough to leave and enter the family home at any time they want to!
1）Which of the following birthday traditions can be found almost anywhere, anytime?
A) Putting many things on the floor. B) Wearing a new kimono.
C) Dancing a waltz. D) Sending birthday cards.
2）The usually organize a party at children’s special birthday celebration in Japan.
A) priests B) parents C) friends D) relatives
3）Mexican girls have a special birthday celebration at the age of .
A) five B) seven C) fifteen D) twenty-one
4）In many countries you can ________ when you reach the age of eighteen.
A) join the army B) have a key
C) have a special ceremony D) have special sweets
5）Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A) The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago.
B) Some birthday traditions are only found in certain countries.
C) You become the owner of your house at the age of fifteen.
D) In many countries you have the right to vote at the age of eighteen.
6）Which is the best title of this passage?
A) Birthday Traditions around the World
B) Chinese Birthday Celebrations
C) Japanese Special Celebration
D) The Drinking Age in Many Countries

II知识点
（1）
常见的并列句：
(1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有
and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有
or,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however等,前后分句时态一致。
(4) 说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。
(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。
（2）
(1)some和 any 的用法：
some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。
如：I have some work to do today. (今天我有些事情要做)
They will go there some day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿)
some 用于疑问句时,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。
如：Would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡吗？)
any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。
如：They didn’t have any friends here. (他们在这里没有朋友)
Have you got any ques

tions to ask?(你有问题要问吗？)
any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.(随便带什么朋友来吧。)
更多地相关知识点：
III补充翻译练习
★考点1、西周时期的政治制度 西周的建立：BC1046年
（1）分封制
①内容：西周时期周武王把王畿以外的广大地区和人民分别授予王族、功臣和古代帝王的后代，让他们建立诸侯国，拱卫王室。
诸侯的义务：镇守疆土、随从作战、缴纳贡赋、朝觐述职等。诸侯的权利：再分封、设置官员、建立武装、征派赋役
②分封制的作用：西周通过分封制，加强了周天子对地方的统治，扩大了统治区域，到西周后期，王权衰弱，分封制遭到破坏。
（2）宗法制
①特点：宗法制是实行按照血缘宗族关系分配政治权力，维护政治联系的制度，宗法制的核心是嫡长子继承制。
②内容：周天子以嫡长子世代继承最高执政权力，其余诸子分封为诸侯，诸侯国对于周王室处于附属地位。周天子为天下的大宗。封为诸侯的庶子对天子为小宗，在本国为大宗，其地位也由嫡长子继承。诸侯的庶子分封为卿大夫，他们对诸侯为小宗，在本家为大宗，其地位也由嫡长子继承。从卿大夫到士，也形成同样的大宗与小宗的关系。这样按血缘关系的亲疏就形成了"周天子-诸侯-卿大夫-士"的宗法等级。
③西周时期政治制度的特点 神权和政权的结合 尚未形成中央集权
★考点2、秦中央集权制度的形成 秦朝的统一：1BC230-221 韩赵魏楚燕齐
（1）皇帝制度 君权的至高无上
（2）秦朝的中央机构 三公的职权范围要注意区别，也是选择题中经常命题的重点。三公的职责：① 丞相：帮助皇帝处理全国政事；②太尉：负责全国军务；③御史大夫：是副丞相，执掌群臣奏章，下达皇帝诏令，并负责监察百官。
（3）郡县制 郡县的设置的影响。郡县制的建立：秦灭六国后秦始皇采纳李斯推行郡县制度的建议，把郡县制推广到全国。郡县制的特点在于郡县的长官都有皇帝任免。郡县制建立的影响：郡县制的建立，是中央集权制形成过程中的重要环节。
（4）中央集权制度的影响 2 维护了国家的统一，有利于社会经济的发展
★考点3、汉到元政治制度的演变
（1）汉初郡国并行制 郡县制与封国制并存，封国制的存在是对中央集权的威胁
（2）唐朝三省六部制 把握好三省六部的职权范围、工作流程
中书省（负责决策、草拟诏令）--门下省（负责审批诏令）--尚书省（负责执行），最高长官都是宰相，宰相权力一分为三。
（3）元朝的行省制度
认识到行省制的实施有利于加强中央集权，是我们现在省制的开端
（4）汉到

元政治制度的特点 表现为中央集权的不断加强，中央不断加强对对方的控制和管理，国家的权利不断集中在君主手中。
★考点4、明清君主专制的加强
（1）明朝废丞相设内阁 至此中国古代的宰相制度被废除了，君主专制发展的发展到一个新的阶段。
（2）清朝军机处的设置 雍正时设立，标志着中国古代君主专制发展到顶峰。
（3）君主专制制度的加强对中国社会发展的影响。
君主专制的加强一定程度上有利于加强国家的统一和社会经济的发展，但从却妨碍了社会的进步和资本主义萌芽的成长。
二、列强侵略与中国人民的反抗斗争
★考点5、鸦片战争与《南京条约》（割地、赔款、通商、协定关税）
（1）英国发动鸦片战争的原因
①根本原因是：夺取更多的商品销售市场和原料产地,打开中国的大门；
②直接原因：中国的禁烟运动；
③导火线：虎门销烟。
（2）禁烟运动的高潮是林则徐在广东的虎门销烟，以此为借口，英国发动了鸦片战争，鸦片战争期间英国侵占了香港岛
（3）三元里人民抗英斗争显示了中国人民的反侵略精神，定海战役中，葛云飞牺牲
（4）1842年，中英两国签订中国近代史上第一个不平等条约《南京条约》规定：
①割香港岛给英国；
②赔款2100万银元；
③开放广州、厦门、福州、宁波、上海5处为通商口岸；
④关税中国须同英国商定。
（5）影响：①鸦片战争后中国的社会性质是半殖民地半封建社会。
②鸦片战争后中国社会的主要矛盾外国资本主义和中华民族的矛盾（最主要矛盾），封建主义和人民大众的矛盾，鸦片战争后中国人民肩负的任务是反侵略反封建。
③鸦片战争后中国进入了国从此进入旧民主主义革命时期，鸦片战争是中国历史的转折点是中国近代史的开端。