【2014长宁、嘉定二模】上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三下学期4月二模考试语文试题 Word版含答案

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数学_2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(理科)_(含答案)

数学_2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(理科)_(含答案)

2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(理科)一.填空题(本大题共有14题,满分56分)考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分. 1. 已知i 为虚数单位,计算:3+i 2−i=________.2. 已知集合A ={−2, −1, 0, 1},集合B ={x|x 2−1≤0, x ∈R},则A ∩B =________.3. 函数y =(sinx +cosx)2的最小正周期是________.4. 在(x −1)(x +1)8的展开式中,x 5的系数是________.5. 某校选修乒乓球课程的学生中,高一年级有30名,高二年级有40名.现用分层抽样的方法在这70名学生中抽取一个样本,已知在高一年级的学生中抽取了6名,则在高二年级的学生中应抽取的人数为________.6. 在直角三角形ABC 中,∠C =90∘,AC =4,则AB →⋅AC →=________.7. 对于任意a ∈(0, 1)∪(1, +∞),函数f(x)=|1−11log a (x −1)|的反函数f −1(x)的图象经过的定点的坐标是________. 8. 已知函数f(x)={x,0≤x ≤1√1−(x −1)2,1<x ≤2,将f(x)的图象与x 轴围成的封闭图形绕x 轴旋转一周,所得旋转体的体积为________.9. 已知点P(4, m)在曲线C:{x =4t 2y =4t ,(t 为参数)上,则P 到曲线C 的焦点F 的距离为________.10. 已知当抛物线型拱桥的顶点距水面2米时,量得水面宽8米.当水面升高1米后,水面宽度是________米.11. 设随机变量ξ的概率分布律如下表所示:其中a ,b ,c 成等差数列,若随机变量ξ的均值为43,则ξ的方差为________.12. 若不等式|x +a|≤2在x ∈[1, 2]时恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是________. 13. 设f n (x)=sin(nπ2+x)(n ∈N ∗),若△ABC 的内角A 满足f 1(A)+f 2(A)+...+f 2014(A)=0,则sinA +cosA =________.14. 定义函数f(x)={x .{x}},其中{x}表示不小于x 的最小整数,如{1.4)=2, {−2.3}=−2.当x ∈(0, n](n ∈N ∗)时,函数f(x)的值域为A n ,记集合A n 中元素的个数为a n ,则lim n →∞(1a 1+1a 2+...+1a n )=________.二.选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)每题有且只有一个选项正确,考生应在答题纸相应编号上,将代表答案选项的小方格涂黑,每题选对得5分,否则一律得零分. 15. 运行如图所示的程序框图,则输出的所有实数对(x, y)所对应的点都在函数( )A y=x+1的图象上B y=2x的图象上C y=2x的图象上D y=2x−1的图象上16. 下列说法正确的是()A 命题“若x2=1,x=1”的否命题是“若x2=1,则x≠1”B “x=−1”是“x2−x−2= 0”的必要不充分条件C 命题“若x=y,则sinx=siny”的逆否命题是真命题 D “tanx=1”是“x=π4”的充分不必要条件17. 设F1、F2是双曲线C:x2a2−y2b2=1(a>0, b>0)的两个焦点,P是C上一点,若|PF1|+|PF2|=6a,∠PF1F2是△PF1F2的最小内角,且∠PF1F2=30∘,则双曲线C的渐近线方程是()A x±√2y=0B √2x±y=0C x±2y=0D 2x±y=018. 设函数y=f(x)的定义域为D,若对于任意x1、x2∈D,当x1+x2=2a时,恒有f(x1)+f(x2)=2b,则称点(a, b)为函数y=f(x)图象的对称中心.研究函数f(x)=x+ sinπx−3的某一个对称中心,并利用对称中心的上述定义,可得到f(12014)+f(22014)+...+f(40262014 )+f(40272014)的值为()A 4027B −4027C 8054D −8054三.解答题(本大题共有5题,满分74分)解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19. 在△ABC中,角A,B,C,所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知sinA+sinC=psinB(p∈R).且ac=14b2.(1)当p=54,b=1时,求a,c的值;(2)若角B为锐角,求p的取值范围.20. 在如图所示的多面体中,四边形ABCD为正方形,四边形ADPQ是直角梯形,AD⊥DP,CD⊥平面ADPQ,AB=AQ=12DP.(1)求证:PQ⊥平面DCQ;(2)求平面BCQ与平面ADPQ所成的锐二面角的大小.21. 已知椭圆Γ:x2a2+y2b2=1(a>b>0)的右焦点为(2√2, 0),且椭圆Γ过点(3, 1).(1)求椭圆Γ的方程;(2)设斜率为1的直线l与椭圆Γ交于不同两点A、B,以线段AB为底边作等腰三角形PAB,其中顶点P的坐标为(−3, 2),求△PAB的面积.22. 设数列{a n},{b n},{c n},已知a1=4,b1=3,c1=5,a n+1=a n,b n+1=a n+c n2,c n+1=a n+b n2(n∈N∗).(1)求数列{c n−b n}的通项公式;(2)求证:对任意n∈N∗,b n+c n为定值;(3)设S n为数列{c n}的前n项和,若对任意n∈N∗,都有p•(S n−4n)∈[1, 3],求实数p的取值范围.23. 设a是实数,函数f(x)=4x+|2x−a|(x∈R).(1)求证:函数f(x)不是奇函数;(2)当a≤0时,求满足f(x)>a2的x的取值范围;(3)求函数y=f(x)的值域(用a表示).2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(理科)答案1. 1+i2. {−1, 0, 1}3. π4. 145. 86. 167. (1, 2)8. π9. 510. 4√211. 5912. [−3, 0]13. √214. 215. D16. C17. B18. D19. (1)解:由题设并利用正弦定理得{a +c =54ac =14故可知a ,c 为方程x 2−54x +14=0的两根,进而求得a =1,c =14或a =14,c =1(2)解:由余弦定理得b 2=a 2+c 2−2accosB =(a +c)2−2ac −2accosB =p 2b 2−12b 2cosB −12b 2, 即p 2=32+12cosB ,因为0<cosB <1,所以p 2∈(32, 2),由题设知p ∈R ,所以√62<p <√2或−√2<p <−√62又由sinA +sinC =psinB 知,p 是正数 故√62<p <√2即为所求20. (1)证明:由已知,DA ,DP ,DC 两两垂直,以D 为原点,DA 、DP 、DC 所在直线分别为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系.… 设A =a ,则D(0, 0, 0),C(0, 0, a),Q(a, a, 0),P(0, 2a, 0), ∴ DC →=(0, 0, a),DQ →=(a, a, 0),PQ →=(a, −a, 0),… ∵ DC →⋅PQ →=0,DQ →⋅PQ →=0, ∴ DC ⊥PQ ,DQ ⊥PQ ,… ∴ PQ ⊥平面DCQ .…(2)解:∵ DC ⊥平面ADPQ ,DC →=(0, 0, a), ∴ 平面ADPQ 的一个法向量为n →=(0,0,1),…点B 的坐标为(a, 0, a),则QB →=(0,−a,a),QC →=(−a,−a,a),… 设平面BCQ 的一个法向量为m →=(x, y, z),则m →⋅QB →=0,m →⋅QC →=0,∴ {−ay +az =0−ax −ay +az =0,取y =z =1,得m →=(0, 1, 1),… …设平面BCQ 与平面ADPQ 所成的锐二面角为θ, 则cosθ=|cos <m →,n →>|=√2=√22. … ∴ 平面BCQ 与平面ADPQ 所成的锐二面角的大小为π4.… 21. 解:(1)由已知得c =2√2,∵ 椭圆Γ过点(3, 1),∴9a2+1b 2=1,∵ a 2−b 2=8,∴ 解得a 2=12,b 2=4, ∴ 椭圆Γ的方程为x 212+y 24=1. …(2)设l:y =x +b , 代入x 212+y 24=1,得4x 2+6bx +3b 2−12=0,根据韦达定理x A +x B =−3b 2,x A x B =3b 2−124,∴ y A +y B =b2,设M 为AB 的中点,则M(−3b 4, b4),AB 的中垂线的斜率k =−1,∴ AB 的中垂线:x +y +b2=0,将P(−3, 2)代入,得b =2, ∴ l:x −y +2=0,根据弦长公式可得AB =3√2,d =√2,∴ S △PAB =12×3√2√2=92. 22. 解:(1)因为a n+1=a n ,a 1=4,所以a n =4, 所以b n+1=a n +c n2=4+c n 2=c n 2+2,c n+1=a n +b n2=b n 2+2,c n+1−b n+1=12(b n −c n )=−12(c n −b n ),即数列{c n −b n }是首项为2,公比为−12的等比数列,所以c n −b n =2⋅(−12)n−1.(2)b n+1+c n+1=12(b n +c n )+4,因为b 1+c 1=8,所以b 2+c 2=8,b 3+c 3=8,猜测:b n +c n =8, 用数学归纳法证明:①当n =1时,b 1+c 1=8,结论成立;②假设当n =k 时结论成立,即b k +c k =8,那么当n =k +1时, b k+1+c k+1=12(b k +c k )+4=8,即n =k +1时结论也成立. 由①,②得,当n ∈N ⋅时,b n +c n =8恒成立,即b n +c n 恒为定值.(3)由(1)、(2)知{b n +c n =8c n −b n =2(−12)n−1,所以c n =4+2⋅(−12)n−1,所以S n =4n +1−(−12)n1−(−12)=4n +23[1−(−12)n ],所以p(S n −4n)=2p 3[1−(−12)n ],由p(S n −4n)∈[1, 3]得1≤2p 3[1−(−12)n ]≤3,因为1−(−12)n >0,所以11−(−12)n≤2p 3≤31−(−12)n,当n 为奇数时,11−(−12)n=11+(12)n随n 的增大而递增,且0<11−(−12)n <1,当n 为偶数时,11−(−12)n=11−(12)n随n 的增大而递减,且011−(−12)n>1,所以,11−(−12)n的最大值为43,31−(−12)n的最小值为2.由11−(−12)n≤2p 3≤31−(−12)n,得43≤2p 3≤2,解得2≤p ≤3,所以,所求实p 的取值范围是[2, 3].23. (1)证明:假设f(x)是奇函数,那么对于一切x ∈R ,有f(−x)=−f(x),从而f(−0)=−f(0),即f(0)=0,但是f(0)=40+|20−a|=1+|1−a|≠0,矛盾. ∴ f(x)不是奇函数;(2)解:∵ 2x >0,4x >0,∴ 当a ≤0时,f(x)=4x +2x −a ,由f(x)>a 2,得4x +2x −a >a 2,即4x +2x −a(a +1)>0,(2x −a)(2x +a +1)>0, ∵ 2x −a >0,∴ 2x +a +1>0,即2x >−(a +1).①当a +1≥0,即−1≤a ≤0时,2x >−(a +1)恒成立, 故x 的取值范围是(−∞, +∞); ②当a +1<0,即a <−1时,由2x >−(a +1),得x >log 2[−(a +1)], 故x 的取值范围是(log 2[−(a +1)],+∞);(3)解:令t =2x ,则t >0,原函数变成y =t 2+|t −a|.①若a ≤0,则y =t 2+t −a 在t ∈(0, +∞)上是增函数,值域为(−a, +∞). ②若a >0,则y ={t 2−t +a ,0<t ≤a t 2+t −a ,t >a,对于0<t ≤a ,有y =(t −12)2+a −14,当0<a <12时,y 是关于t 的减函数,y 的取值范围是[a 2, a); 当a ≥12时,y min =a −14,当12≤a <1时,y 的取值范围是[a −14,a),当a ≥1时,y 的取值范围是[a −14,a 2].对于t >a ,有y =t 2+t −a =(t +12)2−a −14是关于t 的增函数, 其取值范围(a 2, +∞).综上,当a ≤0时,函数y =f(x)的值域是(−a, +∞); 当0<a <12时,函数y =f(x)的值域是[a 2, +∞); 当a ≥12时,函数y =f(x)的值域是[a −14,+∞).。

上海模考题真题-2014年长宁嘉定区高三语文二模卷

上海模考题真题-2014年长宁嘉定区高三语文二模卷

2014年长宁、嘉定区高三语文二模卷考生注意:1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须涂(选择,)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。

2.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。

'3.考试时间150分钟。

试卷满分150分。

—阅读80分(―) 阅读下文,完成1 一6题。

(18分)建筑:“此地人”的文化生态场景○1城市建筑是与经济、社会发展水平相适应的城市文化生态的重要构成部分。

目前我国各地的经济、社会发展和城乡景观发展水平仍不平衡...。

处在这一历史阶段的中国建筑,怎样体现既往与当今、时代与地域的关系?这是当下中国城市建筑文化生态演进的重要思考点。

②“现代性”促成了合理的城市化和建筑现代化,也导致了文化断根的城市化和城市、建筑的千篇一律。

于是,面对历史空间,便有两种倾向:标榜逻辑合理的“新陈代谢”和诉诸历史价值的“怀古恋旧”,而前者占压倒性优势。

观察中外城市与建筑演变进程中呈现的差异,可以对上述问题有更深入的思考:一是以巴黎19世纪的“奥斯曼计划”为例,法国近代旧城改造虽然颇具争议地拆除了大半的中世纪建筑及街区,但是也留下了有着较高建造质量并仍适应当代发展的近代历史城市景观。

今天的中国,大部分城镇包括重要历史城镇都经过了初级改造,却留下了很多问题和遗憾,低质建造比例大、地域风土特征保留少、景观相似度甚高等现代城市建筑通病随处可见。

第二个差异是,当代西方城市强调的可持续发展以后工业时代为背景,已经面临“逆城市化”和“再城市化”的问题,城市的历史空间与现代空间已从相对立走向相交融,而中国如何在社会和人文意义上,同时实现从农耕时代到后工业时代的“有机更新”,乃是目前面临的一个巨大挑战。

这就使我们看到了在现代性和全球化影响下,传统城乡的改造有必要坚持反思现代性的历史主义观念和保持各地文化生态多样性的地域主义立场。

③在“现代性”的冲击下,我们正在失去美国建筑师弗兰克.劳埃德.莱特说过的“使居者能有‘此地人’切身感受”的地域建筑特征。

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014年下学期高三4月二模考试 历史 (附答案)

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014年下学期高三4月二模考试 历史 (附答案)

2014年高三历史教学质量检测试卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分150分。2.本考试设为试卷和答题纸两部分,所有答题必须写在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律无效。3.答题纸与试卷上的试题编号一一对应,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。一、选择题(共75分)1.下列四幅图片中反映了南亚次大陆古代文明成果的是A B C D2.雅典民主时期,“人民”的意志和利益高于一切。古代雅典保障“‘人民’的意志和利益”的关键措施是A.设立公民大会B.进行抽签选举C.实行公职津贴D.采取轮流执政3.孔子和苏格拉底是古代东方与西方几乎同时期的思想界巨人。两者思想的最大差异是A.重视理性思维B.肯定人的价值C.强调爱好知识D.恪守等级秩序4.现藏于上海博物馆的西周大克鼎被誉为“国之重器”。史载西周“天子九鼎,诸侯七鼎,卿大夫五鼎,士三鼎或一鼎。”它所反映的实质问题是A.西周有严格的等级制度B.西周青铜器数量比较少C.西周的冶铜业十分落后D.西周的经济发展不平衡5.有学者说,春秋战国时期,尤其是战国时期,既是血腥、残酷的时代,也是宽容的时代。“宽容”具体指A.诸子“百家争鸣”B.商人地位提高C.私田被大量开垦D.诸侯重视教育6.丝绸是2000多年来中国的名片,丝绸之路从西汉开始至唐朝全盛,“它把诸多人类文明最重要的起源地,串联在了一起,被喻为世界历史展开的主轴。”这里的“它”起点是下图中的7.宋代理学也被称为“道学”,对于这一名称,同学们发表各自见解。甲:宋代理学融合道教思想,故名道学。乙:宋代理学继承孔孟道统,因此得名。丙:宋代理学探寻宇宙本原,是为道学。丁:宋代理学思想与道教思想如出一辙。上述见解正确的是A.甲、乙B.乙、丙C.丙、丁D.甲、丙8.《至正集》记载:“都省握天下之机,十省分天下之治。”它所反映的政治制度是A.分封制B.郡县制C.郡国并行制D.行省制9.《史记·陈丞相世家》中说:“宰相者,上佐天子理阴阳,顺四时,下育万物之宜,外镇抚四夷诸侯,内亲附百姓,使卿大夫各得任其职焉。”这些权力被剥夺是在A.唐朝B.宋朝C.明朝D.清朝10.“雍正七年(1729年),青海军事兴,始设军机房,领以亲王、大臣,予银印,印藏内奏事太监处,有事请而用之。”这段材料表明军机处①因军事需要而设置②降低了行政效率③参与国事决策④由皇帝的亲信组成A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④11.右图是有着欧洲“大学之母”之称的意大利博洛尼亚大学的校徽。大学的创办反映了①城市复兴的需要②商品经济发展需要③市民活动的需要④反封建斗争的需要A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④12.13世纪和14世纪德意志的大城市变成了一个个富庶开明的小共和国,这种局面出现的直接原因是A.城市的复兴和商品经济活跃B.市民争夺司法权和行政权C.封建割据势力大于国王权力D.贵族和市民阶层共同参政13.15—17世纪在欧洲被称为“扩张的时代”,这种“扩张”对欧洲所产生的直接影响是A.促进了封建制度的解体B.开始了一系列航海探险活动C.促进了君主专制的形成D.加速了资本的原始积累过程14.萨维尔在《英格兰和威尔士农村人口减少》中,根据对英国某镇18个教区手工业者情况的调查,发现那里在1850年有鞋匠、木匠、石匠、铁匠、水轮工、茅屋工共328人,到1910年已降至118人。出现上述情况的主要原因是A.圈地运动的结果B.城市化进程的加快C.人口流动的频繁D.工厂机械化的冲击15.托马斯·潘恩在1776年发表的《常识》一书中说:“所有正确的或合理的事情都为分离作辩护,被杀死的人的鲜血和造化的啜泣声在喊着:现在是分手的时候了……”这里的“分手”是指A.用武装斗争反抗英国统治 B.对英国政府采取外交孤立C.用武装斗争争取民族独立D.对英国政府实行经济封锁16.法国史学家托克维尔在论述法国大革命曾指出:“人们应当预见,大革命不是由某些集体事件引导,而是由一些抽象的原则和普遍的理论所引导。” 托克维尔在此所述“抽象的原则和普遍的理论”不包括A.天赋人权说B.自由平等学说C.社会契约论D.科学社会主义17.近日,克里米亚半岛的政治局势备受世人关注。160年前,这里也曾发生了令欧洲大国卷入其中的重大历史事件。它成为某国社会转型的直接原因,这个国家是A.俄国B.法国C.德国D.英国18.在1878年的日本,儿童玩拍球游戏时,用10种最值得采用的新事物的名称来代替数字,它们分别是汽灯、蒸汽机、马车、照相机、电报、避雷针、报纸、学校、信箱和轮船。这主要反映了日本A.殖产兴业的经济政策 B.富国强兵的奋斗目标C.全盘西化的生活方式D.文明开化的文化政策19.从文明史的角度看,鸦片战争是西方先进工业文明对中国落后农业文明的一次冲击。下列选项中不能佐证这一观点的是A.中国封建经济日益解体,新的经济因素产生并发展B.中国开始丧失独立自主地位,逐渐沦为殖民地社会C.中西合璧、土洋并存是近代中国物质生活和社会习俗变迁的主要特征D.西学东渐,先进中国人学习西方逐步深入,旧制度、旧观念备受冲击20.右图所提倡的思想主张是A.师夷制夷B.中体西用C.维新变法D.民主共和21.著名学者辜鸿铭说:“咸同年间,粤匪扰乱。清廷如一丛病之躯,几难著手。得一时髦郎中湘乡曾姓者,拟方名曰□□□□□,服若干剂未见转机。”材料中省略的字最可能是A.洋务清火汤B.新政补元汤C.宪政调味汤D.革命销魂汤22.“为安危大计,乞下明诏,行大赏罚,迁都、练兵、变通新法,以塞和款而拒外夷,保疆土而延国命。”这一诉求得到众多知识分子积极响应。下列对这一事件表述不正确的是A.揭开了维新变法运动的序幕B.使光绪帝痛下“明定国是”诏C.冲破了“孔孟之道”的禁锢D.没能阻止《马关条约》的签订23.下表所示为1750年至1900年,中国与英美在世界制造业产量的相对份额。其中,造成这一时期中西制造业所占份额变化的最主要原因是世界工业生产相对份额(1750-1900年)(单位:﹪)A.市场需求B.原料来源C.生产目的D.生产方式24.陈独秀在《青年杂志》创刊号上发表《敬告青年》一文,其中说:“……以人事之进化言之,笃古不变之族,日就衰亡,日新求进之民,方兴未艾。”文中“日新求进”的含义是A.变革思想观念B.变革社会政治制度C.改革教育制度D.宣传社会主义理论25.现代史学家金冲及先生说:“辛亥革命过了七年多,中国便发生了五四运动,这自然不是偶然的。辛亥革命对五四运动有着多方面的深刻影响。”以下选项中属于辛亥革命对五四运动深刻影响的是A.开展武装斗争B.确立共和政体C.反对君主专制D.传承民主精神26.在解救20世纪30年代经济危机中,罗斯福反危机措施的主要特点是A.规范金融秩序,抑制通货膨胀B.增加就业机会,扩大消费需求C.提供社会保障,缓和阶级矛盾D.政府对国家经济全面加强干预27.有学者认为:“冷战这一概念并不能涵盖战后世界历史,它只强调了军备竞赛对峙的一面,忽略了和平这一时代主流,应该说‘冷和平’或‘核和平’可能更贴近于现实。”这位学者对冷战的重新定义是基于A.美苏两极格局的形成与对峙B.朝鲜半岛分裂和古巴导弹危机C.二战后国际格局的实际演变D.两个德国的统一和苏联的解体28.美国历史学家小施莱辛格曾这样评价尼克松—基辛格外交思想:“这对奇特的搭档使美国的外交政策甩掉了包袱,冲出了禁区,使全国的视线从意识形态转向了地缘政治,并且调整了美国政策以适应国际关系结构中的深刻变化。”下列选项能佐证这一观点的是A.中国恢复在联合国合法席位B.美国放弃了遏制中国的政策C.中美两国正式建立外交关系D.中美两国关系走向了正常化29.中共十一届三中全会在许多重大问题上提出了全新的思想,其新思想主要表现在A.做出了实行改革开放的决策B.阐明检验真理的标准是实践C.确立了实事求是的思想路线D.阐明社会主义初级阶段理论30.“只有从真正的老百姓的生活状态中,才能对一个时代做出更客观准确的判断。”中国历史博物馆收藏了上海一位普通纺织女工从1965—2002年的家庭“豆腐帐”,其中的每一笔开销,小到几分钱,大到几百元,无一遗漏。这本账簿的历史价值主要在于A.真正反映中国百姓的生活状态B.为研究城市化提供第一手史料C.有助于全面和连续地认识历史D.反映一定时期的社会历史变迁以下每小题3分,共15分。每一选项的分值可能为0、1、1、3分。选出最佳一项,多选不得分。31.刘邦在《大风歌》中既表达了创业的艰辛与豪迈,又蕴涵对守业艰难的隐忧。为此,他采取的治国方略是基于A.殷、周,圣王也,而不革其制B.夏、商、周封建而延,秦郡邑而促C.徇周之制,剖海内而立宗子,封功臣D.海内新定,同姓寡少,惩戒亡秦孤立之败32.右图是关于马丁·路德改革的一幅图片,图中秤两端分别为天主教皇和《圣经》。它所表达的寓意为A.挑战罗马天主教会的权威和教皇的贪婪盘剥B.打破《圣经》对人性的精神禁锢和思想压制C.否定天主教会特权,通过虔诚信仰救赎灵魂D.一本《圣经》的分量远大于天主教会的救赎33.有学者认为:“(光荣革命)不是一次微不足道的政变,也不是一次以建立‘平衡宪法’为归宿的政治妥协,而是议会与国王权力关系史上的决定性转折点。”这里“转折点”指的是A.《权利法案》剥夺了国王的权力B.国家权力重心由国王转移至议会C.《权利法案》限制了国王的权力D.议会与国王在权力上实现了分权34.1793年怀特尼发明了轧棉机,被视作“美国农业上头等重要的一项发明。”右图反映美国1792—1795年棉花出口情况。该发明的直接影响是A.使棉花产品出口更具竞争力B.使棉花种植面积迅速地扩大C.使南方黑人劳动力数量激增D.对南方奴隶制带来巨大冲击35.台湾著名女作家龙应台在《全球化了的我在哪里》中写道:“我们不管是北京还是上海、台北、香港,在被全球化席卷而来,就是说那个浪冲过来,我们的脚站在那个沙滩里头,你要知道你的脚站的沙不完全从你的脚下整个被掏空,你一定还要有土壤。”据此,我们可以推知她对全球化的态度是A.全球化大潮可迎不可拒B.全球化要立足于本土化C.全球化将冲击本土文化D.全球化无异于洪水猛兽二、非选择题(共75分)36.文学中的历史(13分)材料一:《水浒》中的林冲曾官居“八十万禁军教头”。材料二:宁为百夫长,胜作一书生。——唐杨炯《从军行》男儿何不带吴钩,收取关山五十州?请君暂上凌烟阁,若(哪)个书生万户侯?——唐李贺《南园》材料三:富家不用买良田,书中自有千锺粟;安居不用架高楼,书中自有黄金屋;……——宋真宗(赵恒)《励学篇》莫道儒冠误,诗书不负人; 达而相天下,穷则善其身。——《神童诗》北宋汪洙编问题:(1)材料一中的“禁军”具体指什么?结合当时全国总兵力约有一百多万的实际,你如何理解材料一所述现象?(4分)(2)从材料二和材料三可以看出社会价值观念正在发生怎样的转变?(2分)导致该转变的原因有哪些?(5分)(3)依据上述分析,你如何看待文学作品的史料价值?(2分)37.早期法律条文(13分)债权人可将无力偿还的债务人,交付法庭审判,直至将其戴上足枷、手铐,甚至杀死或卖之为奴。妇女不得参与任何公务。任何人非经审判,不得处死刑。拷问不得施加于14岁以下的未成年人。对一切刑事判决不服的,有权上诉。在诉讼过程中,当事人必须严格使用法律术语,否则即使理由充分也会败诉。奴隶和隶农必须无条件服从主人。问题:(1)上述古代法律条文,最可能是出自于古巴比伦的法律还是古代罗马的法律?请依据对条文内容的分析来说明判断理由。(11分)(2)该古代法律有何历史影响?(2分)38.最早征婚广告(12分)1902年6月26日和7月27日,在中国南北最开明的两份大型日报——天津《大公报》和上海《中外日报》上,相继刊载了由同一人求登的一则征婚广告。全文如下:今有南清志士某君,北来游学。此君尚未娶妇,意欲访求天下有志女子,聘定为室。其主义如下:一要天足,二要通晓中西学术门径,三聘娶仪节悉照文明通例,尽除中国旧有之陋俗。如有能合以上诸格及自愿出嫁,又有完全自主权者,毋论满汉新旧,贫富贵贱,长幼妍媸,均可。请即邮寄亲笔覆函,若在外埠,能附寄大著或玉照更妙。征婚广告登出后,在女性世界掀起了抨击指责的轩然大波。以下是其中的一封批评信件:所谓南清志士,究竟是何许人?为何隐名不报?观其口气,大有以中国伟人自居之意,实际上只不过是一个口谈维新的庸人罢了。何也?既然征婚求偶,就该自报家门,介绍自己的品行职业。当今之世,不仅男择女,女也有择男的权利,西方男女订婚,都有个相互了解的过程。今此君开列对女方的三个条件,对自己的情况却讳莫如深,直将吾中华二万万女子视为随意摆布的姬妾。问题:你如何看待该征婚广告引起的争议?(12分)39. 20世纪的美国(12分)随着历史风云变幻,美国在20世纪的国际格局和经济全球化进程中的地位和作用不断发生变化,请叙述这一变化过程。40.马戛尔尼来华的信息传递(25分)1792 年, 英国国王乔治三世派遣马戛尔尼勋爵为正使的庞大使团出使中国, 这是中英外交史上第一次正式的官方交流。以下两则材料,反映出双方信息传递的差异。材料一:中方官员翻译稿英吉利总头目官管理贸易事百灵谨禀请天朝大人钧安,敬禀者我国王兼管三处地方,向有夷商来广贸易,素沐皇恩,今闻天朝大皇帝八旬万寿,未能遣使晋京叩祝,我国王心中惶恐不安,今我国王命亲信大臣,公选妥干贡使马戛尔尼前来,带有贵重贡物进呈天朝大皇帝,以表其慕顺之心,唯愿大皇帝施恩远夷,准其永远通好……材料二:英方所要表达的原意最仁慈的英王陛下听说:贵国皇帝庆祝八十万寿的时候,本来准备着英国住广州的居民推派代表前往北京奉申祝敬,但据说该代表等未能如期派出,陛下感到十分遗憾。为了对贵国皇帝树立友谊,为了改进北京和伦敦两个王朝的友好往来,为了增进贵我双方臣民之间的商业关系,英王陛下特派遣参议官、贤明干练的马戛尔尼勋爵作为全权特使代表英王本人谒见中国皇帝,深望通过他来奠定两者之间的永久和好。——以上材料均选自《信息传递与中国传统官僚的政治心理》问题:(1)该事件发生的历史背景是什么?(2分)(2)比较上述材料,概括两个文本的内容差异。(8分)(3)你如何理解中方官员的翻译?(15分)2014年高三历史教学质量检测试卷答案及评分标准参考一、选择题:(1—30题,每题2分;31—35题,分值为0、1、1、3分)二、非选择题:36.(1)宋时驻守中央的军队。说明宋朝实行内重外轻的军事方针,一方面有利于防止地方势力拥兵对抗朝廷,但另一方面却造成了地方及边疆力量薄弱的局面。(4分)(2)从唐时的尚武到宋时的崇文。(2分)鉴于唐末以来藩镇拥兵自重、禁军将领篡夺皇位的教训,宋统治者进行改革。宋以“重文轻武”为基本国策;并通过科举制提拔文人担任要职;形成文官体制。(5分)(4)文学作品一方面能在一定程度上反映历史细节及社会价值观念的变迁等;但另一方面,作为艺术作品,有虚构想象的成分,或带有作者的主观认识,需要进一步辨析。(2分)37.(1)古代罗马(1分)。判断理由:体现出古罗马人的法治精神和追求法律地位平等的决心(2分)——如保护债权人利益,任何人非经审判不得处死刑,对一切刑事判决不服的有权上诉,拷问不得施加于14岁以下的未成年人,当事人必须严格使用法律术语等(2分)。同时,又体现出古罗马奴隶制度下特定的时代特征和利益诉求(2分)——如可将债务人杀死或卖身为奴的残酷性,妇女不得参与任何公务,奴隶和隶农必须无条件服从主人等(2分)。而《汉穆拉比法典》则全面维护统治阶级的根本利益,严格规定了各个阶层的义务,与上述条文所体现出的整体性法治精神不一致。(2分)(2)罗马法以期丰富的内容和比较完备的形式对后来欧洲各国的法律制度产生了深远的影响;古代罗马人的法治精神和法律意识则为后人树立了榜样。(2分)38. 史论(10分,见下)水平l:能透过材料表象,分析出矛盾是新旧并存、社会转型的本质反映。(9-10分)(能在水平2的基础上,自然分析出上述结论,则在水平2得分的基础上适当加1-2分即可;如果缺乏水平2的分析直接得出结论,则不得分)水平2:能结合史实从不同视角分析出征婚广告反映出当时即使是思想先进的青年,头脑中依然保留着传统士大夫的男子中心主义;批评的信件则反映出女子人权意识的觉醒。(4-8分)(分析出两个方面,每个方面赋分4分,其中史实2分,观点2分;整体把握上要注意史实的完整性、两则材料之间的关联性、论证的逻辑性、历史概念的科学性等)水平3:能运用多个史实,仅分析出清末婚姻观念进步的一面或保守的一面。(0-3分)(只有结论没有观点不得分;2个以上史实2分+结论1分;史实不足则适当扣分)组织(2分)(整体连贯,层次清晰,表述严谨,2分;其余则酌情给分)39.史实(10分,见下)1、19世纪末20世纪初,伴随第二次科技革命,美国成为世界头号工业化国家,孕育了打破新航路开辟以来欧洲列强主宰世界的国际格局的新的因素;同时,新技术、新兴工业和垄断资本等的出现,都为经济全球化创造有利条件。(2分)2、20世纪初的一战导致各国实力进一步发生变化,战后初期,美国主导的华盛顿体系确立了太平洋地区的新秩序;20年代末,美国的世界贸易居世界首位,资本输出仅次于英国,在世界经济中的地位日显重要。(2分)3、经过20世纪30-40年代的“大萧条”和第二次世界大战,国际力量对比发生根本性变化,战后形成了美苏主导的雅尔塔两级体制;在世界经济秩序方面,“布雷顿森林体系”标志着以美元为中心的世界货币体系建立起来,同时,美国引领的战后科技革命加速了经济全球化的进程。(3分)4、20世纪80年代末以来,两级格局结束,随着俄罗斯、日本、欧盟、中国等的发展,世界向着多极化发展,美国在国际格局中霸主的地位逐渐下降;同时,随着布雷顿森林体系的瓦解、欧元等国际货币地位的提高,东盟等区域经济组织及世界贸易组织等全球性经济组织的作用发挥,美国在经济全球化中的主导作用也逐渐下降。(3分)组织(2分)40.(1)中国正处于农业文明的最后辉煌时期,英国正处于工业文明开始时期。(2分)(2)中方官员并没有严格按照原意进行翻译,而是进行了夸大,并加入了自己的观点,如“素沐皇恩”、“惶恐不安”等(2分:观点1分,史实1分);英方的原意体现出平等观念,中方的翻译体现出等级差异,如将英方称“夷”、以及“表慕顺之心”等(3分:观点完整2分,史实1分);英方的目的是为了增进商业关系,而中方翻译稿则说是“带有贵重贡物”、“贡使”、“施恩远夷”等,体现朝贡关系(3分:观点完整2分,史实1分)。(3)本大题采用分项评分方法。评分观察的要素是:观点、史实、论述、组织。评分项一:观点(4分)水平1:能够从两个文稿的比较诠释中提出核心观点。(4分)·中国官员的欺骗行为,体现了对西方世界的无知,以及东方农业文明与西方工业文明、专制主义中央集权政体与资本主义君主立宪政体、闭关锁国与对外开放政策的不同;是中国传统官僚忠君、明哲保身思想和朝贡贸易体系下封闭自大心态的反映。水平2:能依据材料就中方翻译提出表层观点。(2分)·中方翻译存在主观故意,是当时中国封建专制、闭关锁国的国情导致的。水平3:脱离材料,或罗列材料,复述教科书的观点。(1分)水平4:无观点,或观点与文本无关。(0分)评分项二:史实(4分)水平1:能提取材料所提供的信息,并能将其与所处的背景、立场等史实建立联系。(4分)水平2:能从材料提取直接与间接的信息。(3分)水平3:能从材料中提取直接的信息。(2分)水平4:没有使用材料信息。(0分)评分项三:论述(5分)水平1:能够进行深刻的论述。(5分)水平2:史实、观点与论证三者能做到一致,逻辑完整。(3分)水平3:史实、观点与论证三者不一致,逻辑混乱、跳跃。(1分)水平4:回避问题(0分)评分项四:组织(2分)水平1:叙述成结构(2分)水平2:叙述连贯通顺(1分)水平3:仅能罗列史实(0分)注:有观点而无史实者,不给分。。

上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三英语二模试卷(含答案及听力文字)

上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三英语二模试卷(含答案及听力文字)

上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三英语二模试卷(含答案及听力文字)2014年长宁区、嘉定区高三英语教学质量检测试卷第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a paint store. B. At a grocery store.C. At a drugstore.D. At a video game store.2. A. £40. B. £60. C. £120. D. £180.3. A. He left the door open. B. He broke the vase.C. He took the vase off the table.D. He turned out to be innocent.4. A. Judge and lawyer. B. Policeman and driver.C. Cleaner and walker.D. Teacher and student.5. A. She’s got a full time job at the university. B. She was surprised to get a full scholarship.C. Everything went just as had been expected.D. Brighton University is not her ideal school.6. A. The man has a serious sleep problem. B. Neither of them has finished the paper.C. They both had a hard time doing the paper.D. The woman thought the paper easy to do.7. A. Help the woman find the building. B. Follow the woman to the exhibit.C. Assist the woman to read the map.D. Show the woman where to get a new map.8. A. Mrs. Brown was unhappy this morning.B. Mrs. Brown is a patient teacher.C. Susan must be poor at her studies.D. Susan might have been scolded by Mrs. Brown.9. A. She is going to try a new highway to the cinema.B. She wants to go early to avoid a traffic jam.C. She has no idea how to get to the cinema.D. She wants to leave the cinema before the movie is over.10. A. She loves going to work on foot. B. The firm she works in is not far away.C. She has to save money for her journey.D. It takes her too much time to go to work.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It is an important occasion of American cultural activities.B. They can have drinks and snacks while watching the game.C. Some companies offer viewers expensive sample products.D. The result of the game may be beyond people’s expectation.12. A. Exciting professional performances. B. Fancy advertisements of products.C. Pleasant atmosphere on the spot.D. Warm company of their family.13. A. Expensive and impressive TV commercials.B. Various ways of entertaining audience during intervals.C. An introduction to a popular ball game in America.D. Different sports people love to play in America.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Introducing healthy genes into a virus. B. Removing faulty cells from patients.C. Providing emotional support to patients.D. Preventing patients from brain injuries.15. A. It still remains in an experimental stage at present.B. It has taken the place of surgery or medicine.C. It has only been tried on young patients so far.D. It helps patients to have a speedy and full recovery.16. A. Children are more likely to be infected by diseases.B. How to popularize gene therapy in different hospitals.C. A couple of successful examples of a new therapy.D. Genes rather than any other things are the master of our fortune.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He’s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame. If he is strong-willed, he would clench (咬紧) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep) in front of others. But as soon as he returns home he would burst out crying at the first sight of his close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his best (26) ______ (conceal) his feelings, trying not to let others know how he feels. He would swallow his bitter tears and show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn’t care a bit. But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep but he’d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.If somebody weeps in your face —the person never of thetype doing this in front of others, you’d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart’s content, for it shows you are regarded as his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.It’s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______ smiling face. Anyone can smile at you, but very few will weep in your face, because the latter is much harder for one to do than the former.(B)Some of young soldiers who had recently joined the army were being trained in modern ways of fighting. One of the lessons they should take was (33) ______ an unarmed man could trick an armed enemy, take his weapon away and have him (34) ______ (arrest). First one of their two instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands, and then he took a gun away from him in the same way.After the lesson, and before they went on to train the young soldiers to do these things themselves, the two instructors asked them a number of questions to see how well they had understood what (35) ______ (show). One of the questions was this, “Well, you now know (36) ______ an unarmed man can do against a man with a gun. Imagine that you (37) ______ (guard) a bridge at eight one night, and that you have a gun. Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier (38) ______ (come) towards you, and what will you do?”The young soldier who (39) ______ ______ answer this question thought carefully for a few seconds (40) ______ he answered, and then said, “Well after what I have just seen, I think that the first thing I would do would be to get rid of my gun as quickly as I could so that the unarmed enemy soldier couldn’t take it from me and kill me with it!”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlyRain forests, found in Earth’s temperate and tropical(热带的) zones, are some of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest’s insect and animal life grows well in the cano py’s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest’s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun’s light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, ___43___ plant growth.Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth’s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration(蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly ___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damageto the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some ___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Archaeologists are scientists who search for clues that help form a clearer picture of the lives people led in the past. Archaeology is a modern science, but it has been ___51___ for centuries. More than 2,400 years ago, the Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptian pyramids and other monuments. He may have been the first writer to consider that remains and ___52___ could provide information for ___53___ generations. For more than a thousand years, however, such ___54___ were observers rather than researchers.In the 1700s, scientists and adventurers from a variety of countries traveled ___55___ to explore ancient sites. Digs that are still ___56___ began in 1709 at Herculaneum, an Italian city buried in ash during the explosion of Mount Vesuvius in A. D. 79. The Danish scholar Carsten Niebuhr visited the ruins of Persepolis in the Middle East in 1765 to study cuneiform writing (楔形文字). ___57___, archaeology didn’t become a widely recognized science and schools didn’t recognize the subject as a scholarly pursuit until the 19th century. The term itself was ___58___ in 1837. It comes from a Latin word meaning “the study of antiquities(古物).”One of the first archaeologists to use a scientific approach to the discipline was Heinrich Schliemann of Germany, who in thelate 1800s ___59___ the ancient civilization of the city of Troy.Today, archaeologists uncover the past in many different ___60___, including deserts and jungles, at sites called digs. Ancient sources, folk tales, and landscape features can suggest where archaeologists should look. Surveys of the land help them choose sites ___61___ to provide artifacts, the objects that will unlock the story of a particular people —their daily lives, their beliefs, and their ties to other cultures. A site, however, does not have to be old to be interesting to an archaeologist. Some prefer to study more ___62___ settlements. One scientist, for instance, studies coal mining camps in California by examining the garbage that miners ___63___. Archaeologists may work for universities, museums or governments, and some of them are involved in educating the public about ___64___ ancient sites. Artifact hunters who are ___65___ history rob these places and sell what they find for a few dollars to immoral dealers in antiquities.51. A. adventuring B. changing C. digging D. evolving52. A. books B. history C. ruins D. science53. A. lost B. later C. older D. several54. A. inventors B. scholars C. visitors D. writers55. A. extensively B. nationwide C. regularly D. together56. A. in progress B. in good condition C. on display D. out of control57. A. Besides B. However C. Instead D. Meanwhile58. A. coined B. considered C. recognized D. used59. A. created B. developed C. established D. investigated60. A. countries B. fields C. locations D. ways61. A. certain B. likely C. ready D. necessary62. A. honorable B. peaceful C. rural D. recent63. A. gave away B. gave off C. left behind D. left out64. A. choosing B. examining C. studying D. protecting65. A. aware of B. fed up with C. ignorant of D. familiar withSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When my old dog developed major health problems, I knew that watching him fail would be painful, but I wasn’t prepared for the powerful lessons he’d offer in the last year of his life.Chance was 14 when the problems started. First, he developed a cancer that left him whistling for breath. Then came cataracts (白内障) in both eyes, arthritis (关节炎) in his legs, and a series of ministrokes (小中风) that threw off his balance. Any one of these misfortunes would have left me begging for relief, but Chance became calmer as the disabilities piled up.When leg pain left him frozen on the floor, unable to rise for a quick pat as I came home, he didn’t complain. He just lay there patiently, signaling me with his hammering tail, each movement spelling out the value of waiting for the things you want. When his cataracts made steering impossible after dark, he’d stand calmly until I could guide him inside, proving how easy it is to find happiness if you let go of your pride and insecurities and learn to lean on those who love you. When ministrokes had him walk unsteadily like a drunk, he taught the value of persistence. For days after each attack, he’d fall as he moved about. Yet again and again he’d try to walk, each day moving a few more steps until finally he was able to get outside and back by himself.There were lessons in so much of what he did, but the key one surely was the importance of obtaining all the joy possible from each experience whether it’s a day lazing under a warm sun or a few minutes appreciating a favorite meal.For most of our life together, Chance was always rushing ahead, searching out new adventures, then circling back to let me know what lay around the next bend. As an old dog, he did the same thing, using his attitude, instead of his once-fast legs, to show the way.66. Chance suffered very much from all the diseases he had except for ______.A. having problem with breathB. walking around awkwardlyC. having trouble drinkingD. losing his eyesight in darkness67. ______ is the most important lesson the author learned from Chance.A. Living in the present and enjoying what we haveB. Learning to depend on those who we love and trustC. That we should expect good things to happen patientlyD. That we should persevere in what we believe is worth trying68. It is implied in the passage that ______.A. people might suffer from different diseases when they grow oldB. people could face aging with courage and dignityC. pets would become calmer for lack of energy in their last daysD. pets and masters should stick together helping each other in difficulty69. Which of the following words best describes the author’s feelings to Chance?A. Bitter.B. Grateful.C. Proud.D. Sympathetic.* * * *70. To have a 1865 membership, guests need to ______.A. register at /doc/c83457229.htmlB. visit Langham three times in a yearC. have five stays in Langham yearlyD. stay in Langham properties once71. Which of the following is true according to the given information?A. Gateway members have 4pm late check-out priority any time they want.B. Members can get the benefits listed in the table at all Langham’s properties.C. The very first hotel of Langham collection was built in 1865 in Britain.D. Top 1% Voyagers with super residence record can apply for Destiny membership.72. Tony, on their honeymoon trip, wants to surprise his wife with a bunch of roses on arriving atthe hotel. Tony at least needs to have the membership of ______.A. EXPLORERB. GA TEW AYC. VOYAGERD. DESTINY73. What is the main purpose of the writing?A. To attract more potential guests.B. To share the history of Langham hotels.C. To introduce successful hotel management.D. To list Langham hotels’ exclusive benefits.(C)Charle s Dickens’ novel A Tale of Two Cities is set in the years before and during the French Revolution (1789 - 1799). During its course, French revolutionaries brought down the empire and established a republic of free and equal citizens.In reading the work, one sees that Dickens distorted some details of the French Revolution. At the beginning, Dickens notes that, in 1775, France was busy spending money. This mention of France’s spending touches briefly on what is perhaps the major cause of the French Revolution. Before the revolution, the government often borrowed money because it spent more than it raised in taxes. The increased spending and borrowing made many people’s blood boil, yet Dickens focused instead on the nobility’s oppression and exploitation of t he working class, including peasants, as the causes of the revolution.The Marquis, one of the book’s characters, ill-treats and kills many people. Thus, he represents the nobles who mistreat the lower classes. One reviewer criticized this picture as an unfair representation of French society in the mid-1700s. The reviewer pointed out that the government would have punished nobles who mistreated or murdered. Nobles may have been guilty of other evils, however, such as not feeding the starving masses after bad weather ruined crops in 1789.Dickens’ account of the storming of the Bastille fails to mention that the gang that stormed the prison was looking forbullets and bombs to use in defense against a possible attack by the kin g’s troops. Dickens does inclu de some accurate details, however, such as the crowd’s finding only seven prisoners and freeing them and the pack’s executing (处决) the prison administrator and sticking his head on a post. The scene that the women knit (编织) as they watch the executions may seem to be an odd detail, but actually many women did knit stockings for the war effort as they watched the killing machine at work.Dickens’ descriptions of the steady stream of sentenced people into prison and the carts taking them to their deaths give readers some idea of the frequency with which officials jailed and executed people during the Rule of T error, which lasted about a year. During the Terror, the government jailed about 250 thousand people, tried(审判) and killed about 17 thousand, and executed about 12thousand without a trial. Those executed included people who opposed the revolution, people who offended the revolutionaries, and even some revolutionaries. About 15 percent were members of the ministry or nobility.74. What does the word “distorted” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Discussed.B. Revealed.C. Provided.D. Twisted.75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. A wild crowd rushed into the Bastille to fight with the royal soldiers.B. The nobles’ m istreating and killing people is the maincause of the revolution.C. About thirty thousand people lost their lives in the course of the Rule of Terror.D. Women were forced to work for the war supplies while watching people killed.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dickens was once among the revolutionaries storming the Bastille.B. There was an extreme disorder and horror during the revolution.C. Nobles of those days in France were loaded with heavy social responsibilities.D. Classic literary works may serve as history textbooks to a great degree.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Collapse of the French EmpireB. Unknown Facts during the Rule of TerrorC. Dickens’ Description of the French Revolu tionD. A Critical View on A Tale of Two CitiesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.For decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels(嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaperand less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option to the masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile (瓦片) solutionthat goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them, and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home’s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won’t be installed on rooftop s. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows to produce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company’s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of acommercial building’s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners’ rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech’s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 看,十年前种的那棵树现在长得多高了呀!(how)2. 你看上去很疲惫,为什么不回家好好睡一觉呢?(tired)3. 普遍认为在公共场合大声说话是粗鲁的,应该避免。

2014年二模卷定稿答案(理科)

2014年二模卷定稿答案(理科)

2013学年度长宁、嘉定区高三年级第二次模拟考试数学试卷(理)参考答案与评分标准2014年4月注:解答题评分标准中给出的为各小题的累计分,请阅卷老师注意.一.填空题(每小题4分,满分56分)1.i +1 2.}1,0,1{- 3.π 4.14 5.8 6.16 7.)2,1( 8.π 9.5 10.66.5 11.9512.]0,3[- 13.2 14.2二.选择题(每小题5分,满分20分) 15.D 16.C 17.B 18.D三.解答题(共5题,满分74分) 19.(本题满分12分,本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分. (1)由正弦定理得,pb c a =+,所以45=+c a , …………(2分) 又41=ac ,所以⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==41,1c a 或⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==.1,41c a …………(5分)(少一组解扣1分) (2)由余弦定理,B ac ac c a B ac c a b cos 22)(cos 22222--+=-+=,……(1分)即)cos 1(212222B b b p b +-=, …………(2分) 所以B p cos 21232+=. …………(4分)由B 是锐角,得)1,0(cos ∈B ,所以⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛∈2,232p . …………(6分) 由题意知0>p ,所以⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛∈2,26p . …………(7分)20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.(1)由已知,DA ,DP ,DC 两两垂直,可以D 为原点,DA 、DP 、DC 所在直线分别为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系. …………(1分) 设a AB =,则)0,0,0(D ,),0,0(a C ,)0,,(a a Q ,)0,2,0(a P ,故),0,0(a DC =,)0,,(a a DQ =,)0,,(a a PQ -=, ………………(3分)因为0=⋅PQ DC ,0=⋅PQ DQ ,故PQ DC ⊥,PQ DQ ⊥,即PQ DC ⊥,PQ DQ ⊥, ………………………(5分) 所以,⊥PQ 平面DCQ . ………………………(6分) (2)因为⊥平面ADPQ ,所以可取平面ADPQ 的一个法向量为)1,0,0(1=n, …………(1分) 点B 的坐标为),0,(a a ,则),,0(a a QB -=,),,(a a a QC --=,…………(2分) 设平面BCQ 的一个法向量为),,(2z y x n = ,则02=⋅QB n ,02=⋅QC n, 故⎩⎨⎧=+--=+-,0,0az ay ax az ay 即⎩⎨⎧=+--=+-,0,0z y x z y 取1==z y ,则0=x ,故)1,1,0(2=n. ………………………(5分)设1n 与2n 的夹角为θ,则2221||||cos 2121==⋅=n n n nθ. ………………………(7分) 所以,平面BCQ 与平面ADPQ 所成的锐二面角的大小为4π. ……………………(8分) 解法二:(1)因为⊥CD 平面PDAQ ,所以PQ CD ⊥, ………………………………(1分) 作DP QE ⊥,E 为垂足,则四边形ADEQ 是正方形,设a AB =,则a DE =,a DQ 2=,又a DP 2=,所以E 是AP 的中点,a EP =,所以a PA 2=,所以222DP PQ DQ =+,所以PQ DQ ⊥. ………………………………(5分) 所以,⊥PQ 平面DCQ . ………………………………(6分) (2)连结CE ,由(1)知DP QE ⊥,又CD QE ⊥,所以⊥QE 平面DCP ,…(2分) 所以CE QE ⊥,所以CED ∠为所求二面角的平面角. ………………………(4分) 因为△CED 是等腰直角三角形,所以CED ∠4π=. ………………………(7分)所以,平面BCQ 与平面ADPQ 所成的锐二面角的大小为4π. …………………(8分)21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.(1)由已知得22=c ,因为椭圆Γ过点)1,3(,所以⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=+,8,1192222b a ba ………(2分) 解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==.4,1222b a …………………………………(5分)所以,椭圆Γ的方程为141222=+y x . …………………………………(6分) (2)设直线l 的方程为m x y +=, …………………………………(1分)由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++=,1412,22y x m x y 得01236422=-++m mx x ① …………………………………(2分)因为直线l 与椭圆Γ交于不同两点A 、B ,所以△0)123(163622>--=m m ,所以162<m . ……………………………………………………………(3分) 设),(11y x A ,),(22y x B ,则1x ,2x 是方程①的两根,所以2321mx x -=+, 设AB 的中点为),(00y x E ,则432210m x x x -=+=,400mm x y =+=, …………(4分) 因为AB 是等腰三角形PAB 的底边,所以AB PE ⊥,向量PE 是直线l 的一个法向量, 所以∥向量)1,1(-,即⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+-24,343m m ∥向量)1,1(-,所以24343-=-mm ,解得2=m . …………………………………………(5分) 此时方程①变为0642=+x x ,解得)1,3(--A ,)2,0(B ,所以23||=AB . 又)2,3(-P 到直线l :02=+-y x 的距离2232|223|=+--=d , ………(7分) 所以△PAB 的面积29||21=⋅=d AB S . ………………………………………(8分)22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分.(1)因为n n a a =+1,41=a ,所以4=n a (*N ∈n ), …………………(1分)所以222421+=+=+=+n n n n n c c c a b ,2221+=+=+nn n n b b a c , )(21)(2111n n n n n n b c c b b c --=-=-++, …………………………………(2分)即数列}{n n b c -是首项为2,公比为21-的等比数列, …………………………(3分)所以1212-⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-⋅=-n n n b c . ………………………………………………………(4分)(2)解法一:4)(2111++=+++n n n n c b c b , ……………………………………(1分) 因为811=+c b ,所以822=+c b ,833=+c b ,猜测:8=+n n c b (*N ∈n ). ……………………………………………………(2分) 用数学归纳法证明:①当1=n 时,811=+b a ,结论成立; ………………………………………(3分)②假设当k n =(*N ∈k )时结论成立,即8=+k k c b ,那么当1+=k n 时,84)(2111=++=+++k k k k b a b a ,即1+=k n 时结论也成立. …………………(5分) 由①,②得,当*N ∈n 时,8=+n n b a 恒成立,即n n b a +恒为定值.…………(6分)解法二:4)(2111++=+++n n n n c b c b , ……………………………………(1分) 所以)8(2142811-+=-+=-+++n n n nn n c b c b c b ,………………………………(4分) 而0811=-+c b ,所以由上述递推关系可得,当*N ∈n 时,08=-+n n c b 恒成立,即n n b a +恒为定值.………………………………………………………………………(6分)(3)由(1)、(2)知⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⋅=-=+-1212,8n n n n n b c c b ,所以1214-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+=n n c ,…………(1分)所以⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--+=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛--+=nnn n n S 2113242112114,所以⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--⋅=-⋅nn p n S p 21132)4(, …………………………………………(2分)由]3,1[)4(∈-⋅n S p n 得3211321≤⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--⋅≤np ,因为0211>⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛--n,所以nnp ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2113322111, ……………………(3分)当n 为奇数时,n n⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--21112111随n 的增大而递增,且121110<⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--<n,当n 为偶数时,⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--21112111随n 的增大而递减,且12111>⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--,所以,n⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2111的最大值为34,n⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2113的最小值为2. …………………(4分)由nnp ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2113322111,得23234≤≤p ,解得32≤≤p . …………(6分) 所以,所求实数p 的取值范围是]3,2[.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.(1)假设)(x f 是奇函数,那么对于一切R ∈x ,有)()(x f x f -=-,从而)0()0(f f -=-,即0)0(=f ,但是0|1|1|2|4)0(00≠-+=-+=a a f ,矛盾.所以)(x f 不是奇函数.(也可用0)1()1(≠-+f f 等证明) …………………(4分)(2)因为02>x ,04>x ,所以当0≤a 时,a x f x x -+=24)(,由2)(a x f >,得224a a x x >-+,即0)1(24>+-+a a x x ,0)12)(2(>++-a a x x ,…………(2分)因为02>-a x,所以012>++a x,即)1(2+->a x. ………………………(3分)①当01≥+a ,即01≤≤-a 时,)1(2+->a x恒成立,故x 的取值范围是R ;(4分) ②当01<+a ,即1-<a 时,由)1(2+->a x,得)]1([log 2+->a x ,故x 的取值范围是),)]1([(log 2∞++-a . …………………………………………………(6分)(3)令xt 2=,则0>t ,原函数变成||2a t t y -+=.①若0≤a ,则a t t y -+=2在),0(∞+∈t 上是增函数,值域为),(∞+-a .…(2分)②若0>a ,则⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>-+≤<+-=.,,0,22a t a t t a t a t t y ………………………………………(3分)对于a t ≤<0,有41212-+⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-=a t y ,当210<<a 时,y 是关于t 的减函数,y 的取值范围是),[2a a ;当21≥a 时,41min -=a y ,当121<≤a 时,y 的取值范围是⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-a a ,41,当1≥a 时,y 的取值范围是⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-2,41a a . …………………………………………(5分)对于a t >,有a t t y -+=24121--⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+=a t a是关于t 的增函数,其取值范围),(2∞+a . ……………………………………………(7分) 综上,当0≤a 时,函数)(x f y =的值域是),(∞+-a ; 当210<<a 时,函数)(x f y =的值域是),[2∞+a ; 当21≥a 时,函数)(x f y =的值域是⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡∞+-,41a . ………………………………(8分)。

【2014长宁、嘉定二模】上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三下学期4月二模考试数学(理)试题和答案

【2014长宁、嘉定二模】上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三下学期4月二模考试数学(理)试题和答案

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三4月第二次模拟考试数学试卷(理)(含答案)2014年4月考生注意:本试卷共有23道试题,满分150分.考试时间120分钟.解答必须写在答题纸上的规定区域,写在试卷或草稿纸上的答案一律不予评分.一.填空题(本大题共有14题,满分56分)考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分.1.已知i 为虚数单位,计算:=-+ii23___________. 2.已知集合}1,0,1,2{--=A ,集合},01{2R ∈≤-=x x x B ,则=B A _______.3.函数2)cos (sin x x y +=的最小正周期是__________________. 4.8)1)(1(+-x x 展开式中含5x 项的系数是_________.5.某校选修篮球课程的学生中,高一学生有30名,高二学生有40名,现用分层抽样的方 法在这70名学生中抽取一个样本,已知在高一学生中抽取了6人,则在高二学生中应抽 取__________人. 6.在直角三角形ABC 中,︒=∠90C ,4=AC ,则=⋅__________. 7.对于任意),1()1,0(∞+∈ a ,函数)1(log 111)(--=x x f a 的反函数)(1x f-的图像经过的定点的坐标是______________.8.已知函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤<--≤≤=,21,)1(1,10,)(2x x x x x f 将)(x f 的图像与x 轴围成的封闭图形绕x轴旋转一周,所得旋转体的体积为___________.9.已知点),4(m P 在曲线C :⎩⎨⎧==t y t x 4,42(t 为参数)上,则P 到曲线C 的焦点F 的距离为_______________.10.已知抛物线型拱桥的顶点距水面2米时,量得水面宽为8米.则水面升高1米后,水面宽是____________米(精确到01.0米). 11.设随机变量ξ的概率分布律如下表所示:x0 1 2)(x P =ξ a bc其中a ,b ,c 成等差数列,若随机变量ξ的的均值为34,则ξ的方差为___________. 12.若不等式2||≤+a x 在]2,1[∈x 时恒成立,则实数a 的取值范围是__________. 13.设⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+=x n x f n 2πsin )((*N ∈n ),若△ABC 的内角A 满足 ++)()(21A f A f0)(2014=+A f ,则=+A A cos sin ____________.14.定义函数}}{{)(x x x f ⋅=,其中}{x 表示不小于x 的最小整数,如2}4.1{=,2}3.2{-=-.当],0(n x ∈(*N ∈n )时,函数)(x f 的值域为n A ,记集合n A 中元 素的个数为n a ,则=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+++∞→n n a a a 111lim 21________________.二.选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)每题有且只有一个选项正确,考生应在答题纸相应编号上,将代表答案选项的小方格涂黑,每题选对得5分,否则一律得零分. 15.运行如图所示的程序框图,则输出的所有实数对),(y x 所对应的点都在函数……( )A .1+=x y 的图像上B .x y 2=的图像上C .xy 2=的图像上 D .12-=x y 的图像上16.下列说法正确的是………………………………………………………………………( )A .命题“若12=x ,则1=x ”的否命题是“若12=x ,则1≠x ”B .“1-=x ”是“022=--x x ”的必要不充分条件C .命题“若y x =,则y x sin sin =”的逆否命题是真命题D .“1t a n =x ”是“4π=x ”的充分不必要条件17.设1F 、2F 是双曲线C :12222=-by a x (0>a ,0>b )的两个焦点,P 是C 上一点,若a PF PF 6||||21=+,且△21F PF 最小内角的大小为︒30,则双曲线C 的渐近线方程是………………………………………………………………………………………( )A .02=±y x B .02=±y x C .02=±y x D .02=±y x 18.设函数)(x f y =的定义域为D ,若对于任意1x 、D x ∈2,当a x x 221=+时,恒有b x f x f 2)()(21=+,则称点),(b a 为函数)(x f y =图像的对称中心.研究函数 3sin )(-+=x x x f π的某一个对称中心,并利用对称中心的上述定义,可得到 ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛20144027201440262014220141f f f f 的值为……………………( )A .4027B .4027-C .8054D .8054-三.解答题(本大题共有5题,满分74分)解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤. 19.(本题满分12分,本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分.在△ABC 中,角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别为a 、b 、c ,已知B p C A sin sin sin ⋅=+(R ∈p ),且241b ac =. (1)当45=p ,1=b 时,求a ,c 的值; (2)若B 为锐角,求实数p 的取值范围.20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.在如图所示的多面体中,四边形ABCD 为正方形,四边形ADPQ 是直角梯形,DP AD ⊥,⊥CD 平面ADPQ ,DP AQ AB 21==. (1)求证:⊥PQ 平面DCQ ;(2)求平面BCQ 与平面ADPQ 所成的锐二面角的大小.21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.已知椭圆Γ:12222=+by a x (0>>b a )的右焦点为)0,22(,且椭圆Γ过点)1,3(.(1)求椭圆Γ的方程;(2)设斜率为1的直线l 与椭圆Γ交于不同两点A 、B ,以线段AB 为底边作等腰三角形PAB ,其中顶点P 的坐标为)2,3(-,求△PAB 的面积.A BC D P22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分.设数列}{n a ,}{n b ,}{n c ,已知41=a ,31=b ,51=c ,n n a a =+1,21nn n c a b +=+,21n n n b a c +=+(*N ∈n ). (1)求数列}{n n b c -的通项公式;(2)求证:对任意*N ∈n ,n n c b +为定值;(3)设n S 为数列}{n c 的前n 项和,若对任意*N ∈n ,都有]3,1[)4(∈-⋅n S p n ,求实数p 的取值范围.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.设a 是实数,函数|2|4)(a x f xx-+=(R ∈x ). (1)求证:函数)(x f 不是奇函数;(2)当0≤a 时,求满足2)(a x f >的x 的取值范围; (3)求函数)(x f y =的值域(用a 表示).上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三4月第二次模拟考试数学试卷(理)参考答案与评分标准2014年4月注:解答题评分标准中给出的为各小题的累计分,请阅卷老师注意.一.填空题(每小题4分,满分56分)1.i +1 2.}1,0,1{- 3.π 4.14 5.8 6.16 7.)2,1( 8.π 9.5 10.66.5 11.9512.]0,3[- 13.2 14.2二.选择题(每小题5分,满分20分) 15.D 16.C 17.B 18.D三.解答题(共5题,满分74分) 19.(本题满分12分,本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分. (1)由正弦定理得,pb c a =+,所以45=+c a , …………(2分) 又41=ac ,所以⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==41,1c a 或⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==.1,41c a …………(5分)(少一组解扣1分) (2)由余弦定理,B ac ac c a B ac c a b cos 22)(cos 22222--+=-+=,……(1分)即)cos 1(212222B b b p b +-=, …………(2分) 所以B p cos 21232+=. …………(4分)由B 是锐角,得)1,0(cos ∈B ,所以⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛∈2,232p . …………(6分) 由题意知0>p ,所以⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛∈2,26p . …………(7分)20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.(1)由已知,DA ,DP ,DC 两两垂直,可以D 为原点,DA 、DP 、DC 所在直线分别为x 轴、y 轴、z 轴建立空间直角坐标系. …………(1分) 设a AB =,则)0,0,0(D ,),0,0(a C ,)0,,(a a Q ,)0,2,0(a P ,故),0,0(a DC =,)0,,(a a DQ =,)0,,(a a PQ -=, ………………(3分)因为0=⋅PQ DC ,0=⋅PQ DQ ,故PQ DC ⊥,PQ DQ ⊥,即PQ DC ⊥,PQ DQ ⊥, ………………………(5分) 所以,⊥PQ 平面DCQ . ………………………(6分) (2)因为⊥平面ADPQ ,所以可取平面ADPQ 的一个法向量为)1,0,0(1=n, …………(1分) 点B 的坐标为),0,(a a ,则),,0(a a QB -=,),,(a a a QC --=,…………(2分) 设平面BCQ 的一个法向量为),,(2z y x n = ,则02=⋅QB n ,02=⋅QC n, 故⎩⎨⎧=+--=+-,0,0az ay ax az ay 即⎩⎨⎧=+--=+-,0,0z y x z y 取1==z y ,则0=x ,故)1,1,0(2=n. ………………………(5分)设1n 与2n 的夹角为θ,则2221||||cos 2121==⋅=n n n nθ. ………………………(7分)所以,平面BCQ 与平面ADPQ 所成的锐二面角的大小为4π. ……………………(8分) 解法二:(1)因为⊥CD 平面PDAQ ,所以PQ CD ⊥, ………………………………(1分) 作DP QE ⊥,E 为垂足,则四边形ADEQ 是正方形,设a AB =,则a DE =,a DQ 2=,又a DP 2=,所以E 是AP 的中点,a EP =,所以a PA 2=,所以222DP PQ DQ =+,所以PQ DQ ⊥. ………………………………(5分) 所以,⊥PQ 平面DCQ . ………………………………(6分) (2)连结CE ,由(1)知DP QE ⊥,又CD QE ⊥,所以⊥QE 平面DCP ,…(2分) 所以CE QE ⊥,所以CED ∠为所求二面角的平面角. ………………………(4分)因为△CED 是等腰直角三角形,所以CED ∠4π=. ………………………(7分) 所以,平面BCQ 与平面ADPQ 所成的锐二面角的大小为4π. …………………(8分)21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.(1)由已知得22=c ,因为椭圆Γ过点)1,3(,所以⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-=+,8,1192222b a ba ………(2分) 解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==.4,1222b a …………………………………(5分)所以,椭圆Γ的方程为141222=+y x . …………………………………(6分)(2)设直线l 的方程为m x y +=, …………………………………(1分)由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++=,1412,22y x m x y 得01236422=-++m mx x ① …………………………………(2分) 因为直线l 与椭圆Γ交于不同两点A 、B ,所以△0)123(163622>--=m m ,所以162<m . ……………………………………………………………(3分) 设),(11y x A ,),(22y x B ,则1x ,2x 是方程①的两根,所以2321mx x -=+, 设AB 的中点为),(00y x E ,则432210m x x x -=+=,400mm x y =+=, …………(4分) 因为AB 是等腰三角形PAB 的底边,所以AB PE ⊥,向量PE 是直线l 的一个法向量, 所以∥向量)1,1(-,即⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+-24,343m m ∥向量)1,1(-,所以24343-=-mm ,解得2=m . …………………………………………(5分) 此时方程①变为0642=+x x ,解得)1,3(--A ,)2,0(B ,所以23||=AB .又)2,3(-P 到直线l :02=+-y x 的距离2232|223|=+--=d , ………(7分)所以△PAB 的面积29||21=⋅=d AB S . ………………………………………(8分)22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分.(1)因为n n a a =+1,41=a ,所以4=n a (*N ∈n ), …………………(1分)所以222421+=+=+=+n n n n n c c c a b ,2221+=+=+n n n n bb ac , )(21)(2111n n n n n n b c c b b c --=-=-++, …………………………………(2分)即数列}{n n b c -是首项为2,公比为21-的等比数列, …………………………(3分)所以1212-⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-⋅=-n n n b c . ………………………………………………………(4分)(2)解法一:4)(2111++=+++n n n n c b c b , ……………………………………(1分) 因为811=+c b ,所以822=+c b ,833=+c b ,猜测:8=+n n c b (*N ∈n ). ……………………………………………………(2分) 用数学归纳法证明:①当1=n 时,811=+b a ,结论成立; ………………………………………(3分) ②假设当k n =(*N ∈k )时结论成立,即8=+k k c b ,那么当1+=k n 时,84)(2111=++=+++k k k k b a b a ,即1+=k n 时结论也成立. …………………(5分)由①,②得,当*N ∈n 时,8=+n n b a 恒成立,即n n b a +恒为定值.…………(6分)解法二:4)(2111++=+++n n n n c b c b , ……………………………………(1分) 所以)8(2142811-+=-+=-+++n n n n n n c b c b c b ,………………………………(4分)而0811=-+c b ,所以由上述递推关系可得,当*N ∈n 时,08=-+n n c b 恒成立,即n n b a +恒为定值.………………………………………………………………………(6分) (3)由(1)、(2)知⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⋅=-=+-1212,8n n n n n b c c b ,所以1214-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+=n n c ,…………(1分)所以⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--+=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛--+=nnn n n S 2113242112114, 所以⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--⋅=-⋅nn p n S p 21132)4(, …………………………………………(2分)由]3,1[)4(∈-⋅n S p n 得3211321≤⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--⋅≤np ,因为0211>⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛--n,所以nnp ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2113322111, ……………………(3分)当n 为奇数时,n n⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--21112111随n 的增大而递增,且121110<⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--<n,当n 为偶数时,⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--21112111随n 的增大而递减,且12111>⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--,所以,n⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2111的最大值为34,n⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2113的最小值为2. …………………(4分)由nnp ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--2113322111,得23234≤≤p ,解得32≤≤p . …………(6分) 所以,所求实数p 的取值范围是]3,2[.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.(1)假设)(x f 是奇函数,那么对于一切R ∈x ,有)()(x f x f -=-,从而)0()0(f f -=-,即0)0(=f ,但是0|1|1|2|4)0(0≠-+=-+=a a f ,矛盾. 所以)(x f 不是奇函数.(也可用0)1()1(≠-+f f 等证明) …………………(4分) (2)因为02>x,04>x,所以当0≤a 时,a x f xx-+=24)(,由2)(a x f >,得224a a x x >-+,即0)1(24>+-+a a x x ,0)12)(2(>++-a a x x ,…………(2分)因为02>-a x ,所以012>++a x ,即)1(2+->a x. ………………………(3分) ①当01≥+a ,即01≤≤-a 时,)1(2+->a x恒成立,故x 的取值范围是R ;(4分) ②当01<+a ,即1-<a 时,由)1(2+->a x ,得)]1([log 2+->a x ,故x 的取值范围是),)]1([(log 2∞++-a . …………………………………………………(6分)(3)令x t 2=,则0>t ,原函数变成||2a t t y -+=.①若0≤a ,则a t t y -+=2在),0(∞+∈t 上是增函数,值域为),(∞+-a .…(2分)②若0>a ,则⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>-+≤<+-=.,,0,22a t a t t a t a t t y ………………………………………(3分)对于a t ≤<0,有41212-+⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-=a t y ,当210<<a 时,y 是关于t 的减函数,y 的取值范围是),[2a a ;当21≥a 时,41m in -=a y ,当121<≤a 时,y 的取值范围是⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-a a ,41,当1≥a 时,y 的取值范围是⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-2,41a a . …………………………………………(5分) 对于a t >,有a t t y -+=24121--⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+=a t a是关于t 的增函数,其取值范围),(2∞+a . ……………………………………………(7分) 综上,当0≤a 时,函数)(x f y =的值域是),(∞+-a ; 当210<<a 时,函数)(x f y =的值域是),[2∞+a ; 当21≥a 时,函数)(x f y =的值域是⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡∞+-,41a . ………………………………(8分)。

长宁嘉定区2014年高三语文二模试卷

长宁嘉定区2014年高三语文二模试卷

2013学年度嘉定区高三年级第二次质量调研语文试卷一阅读 80分(一)阅读下文,完成1—6题。

(18分)建筑:‚此地人‛的文化生态场景①城市建筑是与经济、社会发展水平相适应的城市文化生态的重要构成部分。

目前我国各地的经济、社会发展和城乡景观发展水平仍不平衡。

处在这一历史阶段的中国建筑,怎样体现既往与当今、时代与地域的关系?这是当下中国城市建筑文化生态演进的重要思考点。

②‚现代性‛促成了合理的城市化和建筑现代化,也导致了文化断根的城市化和城市、建筑的千篇一律。

于是,面对历史空间,便有两种倾向:标榜逻辑合理的‚新陈代谢‛和诉诸历史价值的‚怀古恋旧‛,而前者占压倒性优势。

观察中外城市与建筑演变进程中呈现的差异,可以对上述问题有更深入的思考:一是以巴黎19世纪的‚奥斯曼计划‛为例,法国近代旧城改造虽然颇具争议地拆除了大半的中世纪建筑及街区,但是也留下了有着较高建造质量并仍适应当代发展的近代历史城市景观。

今天的中国,大部分城镇包括重要历史城镇都经过了初级改造,却留下了很多问题和遗憾,低质建造比例大、地域风土特征保留少、景观相似度甚高等现代城市建筑通病随处可见。

第二个差异是,当代西方城市强调的可持续发展以后工业时代为背景,已经面临‚逆城市化‛和‚再城市化‛的问题,城市的历史空间与现代空间已从相对立走向相交融,而中国如何在社会和人文意义上,同时实现从农耕时代到后工业时代的‚有机更新‛,乃是目前面临的一个巨大挑战。

这就使我们看到了在现代性和全球化影响下,传统城乡的改造有必要坚持反思现代性的历史主义观念和保持各地文化生态多样性的地域主义立场。

③在‚现代性‛的冲击下,我们正在失去美国建筑师弗兰克〃劳埃德〃莱特说过的‚使居者能有‘此地人’切身感受‛的地域建筑特征。

面对此种挑战,虽然当下很多城市采用‚再现‛古城、古建已逝风貌的重建对策,但是这种被动的历史‚再现‛很难成为城市演进的主导方向。

④城市空间并非是一元性的,即使在全球化文化交流、交融的背景下,我们依然可以看到,在文化生态上有魅力、可持续的城市,不仅是‚与古为新‛拥有历史厚度的城市,还拥有质感的山水、建筑和人文环境,是有‚此地人‛感受的地方。

2014届上海市长宁区、嘉定区高三二模英语试卷

2014届上海市长宁区、嘉定区高三二模英语试卷

2014年长宁区、嘉定区高三英语教学质量检测试卷Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When my old dog developed major health problems, I knew that watching him fail would be painful, but I wasn’t prepared for the powerful lessons he’d offer in the last year of his life.Chance was 14 when the problems started. First, he developed a cancer that left him whistling for breath. Then came cataracts (白内障) in both eyes, arthritis (关节炎) in his legs, and a series of ministrokes (小中风) that threw off his balance. Any one of these misfortunes would have left me begging for relief, but Chance became calmer as the disabilities piled up.When leg pain left him frozen on the floor, unable to rise for a quick pat as I came home, he didn’t complain. He just lay there patiently, signaling me with his hammering tail, each movement spelling out the value of waiting for the things you want. When his cataracts made steering impossible after dark, he’d stand calmly until I could guide him inside, proving how easy it is to find happiness if you let go of your pride and insecurities and learn to lean on those who love you. When ministrokes had him walk unsteadily like a drunk, he taught the value of persistence. For days after each attack, he’d fall as he moved about. Yet again and again he’d try to walk, each day moving a few more steps until finally he was able to get outside and back by himself.There were lessons in so much of what he did, but the key one surely was the importance of obtaining all the joy possible from each experience whether it’s a day lazing under a warm sun or a few minutes appreciating a favorite meal.For most of our life together, Chance was always rushing ahead, searching out new adventures, then circling back to let me know what lay around the next bend. As an old dog, he did the same thing, using his attitude, instead of his once-fast legs, to show the way.66. Chance suffered very much from all the diseases he had except for ______.A. having problem with breathB. walking around awkwardlyC. having trouble drinkingD. losing his eyesight in darkness67. ______ is the most important lesson the author learned from Chance.A. Living in the present and enjoying what we haveB. Learning to depend on those who we love and trustC. That we should expect good things to happen patientlyD. That we should persevere in what we believe is worth trying68. It is implied in the passage that ______.A. people might suffer from different diseases when they grow oldB. people could face aging with courage and dignityC. pets would become calmer for lack of energy in their last daysD. pets and masters should stick together helping each other in difficulty69. Which of the following words best describes the author’s feelings to Chance?A. Bitter.B. Grateful.C. Proud.D. Sympathetic.(B)——By 1865 MEMBERSHIP OFFICELangham’s legend(传说) dates back to 1865, when The Langham, London opened as Europe’s first ‘Grand Hotel’. For over 140 years, this flagship hotel has been at the forefront of charming hospitality(好客). Today, all Langham properties worldwide show the same philosophy, reflecting elegance in design, innovation in hospitality, genuine serve and fascination of the senses.ABOUT 18651865 is our way of saying thank-you for your support to our collection of hotels. Bringing you exclusive benefits and recognition, we ensure your stay with us is especially comfortable and uniquely memorable.EXPLORERGuests who are just beginning to get to know us by staying once in our properties will be invited to become Explorer members.GATEWAYStay 3 times at any of our properties within a 12-month period and you will be entitled to Gateway membership.VOYAGERTo enrol as Voyager member, simply gather a total of 5 stays within 12 months.DESTINYThis membership rank is reserved for the top 1% of V oyager members who show the highest level of commitment by staying in our superior-category rooms and suites (套房). Exclusive to a chosen few, Destiny membership is offered by invitation only.1865 MEMBERSHIP BENEFITSAT-A-GLANCEIn-room broadband Internet access * * * *Late check-out1* (4pm) * (6pm) * (8pm) Personalised room preferences * * * Personalised welcome services * (one) * (two) Upgrade to next room category2* *One-way coach service3* Exclusive gift * Notes:1. Depending on room availability2. After becoming a V oyager member, when staying 5 or more times within a 12 month period3. Between the city airport and the property, and valid with confirmed room booking only4. All benefits are restricted to the registered 1865 memberRemarks:Some of the above benefits do not apply to Eaton Smart, New Delhi Airport Transit Hotel. To explore the benefits of this hotel, please visit .70. To have a 1865 membership, guests need to ______.A. register at B. visit Langham three times in a yearC. have five stays in Langham yearlyD. stay in Langham properties once71. Which of the following is true according to the given information?A. Gateway members have 4pm late check-out priority any time they want.B. Members can get the benefits listed in the table at all Langham’s properties.C. The very first hotel of Langham collection was built in 1865 in Britain.D. Top 1% Voyagers with super residence record can apply for Destiny membership.72. Tony, on their honeymoon trip, wants to surprise his wife with a bunch of roses on arriving atthe hotel. Tony at least needs to have the membership of ______.A. EXPLORERB. GA TEW AYC. VOYAGERD. DESTINY73. What is the main purpose of the writing?A. To attract more potential guests.B. To share the history of Langham hotels.C. To introduce successful hotel management.D. To list Langham hotels’ exclusive benefits.(C)Charles Dickens’ novel A Tale of Two Cities is set in the years before and during the French Revolution (1789 - 1799). During its course, French revolutionaries brought down the empire and established a republic of free and equal citizens.In reading the work, one sees that Dickens distorted some details of the French Revolution. At the beginning, Dickens notes that, in 1775, France was busy spending money. This mention of France’s spending touches briefly on what is perhaps the major cause of the French Revolution. Before the revolution, the government often borrowed money because it spent more than it raised in taxes. The increased spending and borrowing made many people’s blood boil, yet Dickens focused instead on the nobility’s oppression and exploitation of the working class, including peasants, as the causes of the revolution.The Marquis, one of the book’s characters, ill-treats and kills many people. Thus, he represents the nobles who mistreat the lower classes. One reviewer criticized this picture as an unfair representation of French society in the mid-1700s. The reviewer pointed out that the government would have punished nobles who mistreated or murdered. Nobles may have been guilty of other evils, however, such as not feeding the starving masses after bad weather ruined crops in 1789.Dickens’ account of the storming of the Bastille fails to mention that the gang that stormed the prison was looking for bullets and bombs to use in defense against a possible attack by the kin g’s troops. Dickens does include some accurate details, however, such as the crowd’s finding only seven prisoners and freeing them and the pack’s executing (处决) the prison administrator and sticking his head on a post. The scene that the women knit (编织) as they watch the executions may seem to be an odd detail, but actually many women did knit stockings for the war effort as they watched the killing machine at work.Dickens’ descriptions of the steady stream of sentenced people into prison and the carts taking them to their deaths give readers some idea of the frequency with which officials jailed and executed people during the Rule of Terror, which lasted about a year. During the Terror, the government jailed about 250 thousand people, tried(审判) and killed about 17 thousand, and executed about 12 thousand without a trial. Those executed included people who opposed the revolution, people whooffended the revolutionaries, and even some revolutionaries. About 15 percent were members of the ministry or nobility.74. What does the word “distorted” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Discussed.B. Revealed.C. Provided.D. Twisted.75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. A wild crowd rushed into the Bastille to fight with the royal soldiers.B. The nobles’ mistreating and killing people is the main cause of the revolution.C. About thirty thousand people lost their lives in the course of the Rule of Terror.D. Women were forced to work for the war supplies while watching people killed.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dickens was once among the revolutionaries storming the Bastille.B. There was an extreme disorder and horror during the revolution.C. Nobles of those days in France were loaded with heavy social responsibilities.D. Classic literary works may serve as history textbooks to a great degree.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Collapse of the French EmpireB. Unknown Facts during the Rule of TerrorC. Dickens’ Description of the French RevolutionD. A Critical View on A Tale of Two CitiesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.For decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels(嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaper and less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option to the masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile (瓦片) solution that goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them,and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home’s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won’t be installed on rooftops. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows to produce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company’s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of a commercial building’s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners’ rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech’s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?。

上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三生物二模试卷(含答案)

上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三生物二模试卷(含答案)

2014年长宁区、嘉定区高三生命科学教学质量检测试卷考生注意:1.试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。

2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括两部分,第一部分全部为选择题,第二部分为综合题,包括填空题、选择题和简答题等题型。

3.考生应用2B 铅笔、钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在答题纸上。

............ 一、选择题(共60分,每小题2分。

每小题只有一个答案) 1.下列各组物质所含化学元素完全相同的是 A. 核糖和核酸 B. 淀粉和糖原 C. 蔗糖和抗体 D. 脂肪和磷脂2.下列结构中与烟草花叶病毒的组成成分最相似的是A. 细胞膜B. 染色体C. 核糖体D. 细胞壁3.下列哪种生物的细胞与其他三种生物的细胞有明显区别的是 A .黏菌 B .酵母菌 C .霉菌D .乳酸菌4.在用显微镜观察黑藻叶肉细胞细胞质流动的实验中,观察到如图1所示结果,那么在载玻片上的黑藻细胞质的流动方向以及观察到的带有颜色的细胞器是 A.顺时针,叶绿体 B.逆时针,叶绿体 C.顺时针,液泡 D.逆时针,液泡 5.下列关于酶催化特性的叙述,正确的是 A. 低温降低分子运动速度,抑制酶的活性 B. 高温激发酶的活性,提高酶促反应速度 C. 增大底物的浓度,酶促反应速度可以持续上升 D. 增加酶的物质量,酶促反应的产物量随之增加6.图2为人体的生命活动调节示意图。

有关叙述中不能正确描述其调节过程的是A.该图表示体温调节过程,则体温调节属于神经-体液调节B.通过C →D →E 的过程可以调节糖平衡,这一过程属于体液调节C.人的手被针扎时,其调节过程可能通过A →B →E 来实现,属于神经调节D.水和电解质平衡调节的过程可通过A→B →C →D →E 来实现,属于神经调节 7.下列关于酶工程的叙述,正确的是A .酶的分离提纯要依次经过过滤、层析、沉淀、提纯等步骤B .尿糖试纸中含有葡萄糖羧化酶和过氧化氢酶C .酶的固定是酶分离纯化的常用方法D .酶的固定化技术是指将酶固定在不溶于水的承载物上,或者使酶交联在一起图2图18. LDL 是一种脂蛋白。

2014上海长宁、嘉定区高考化学二模考试试题(附答案)

2014上海长宁、嘉定区高考化学二模考试试题(附答案)

2014年高三化学教学质量检测试卷请在答题卷上答题。

满分l50分,考试时间120分钟。

相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Cl-35.5 Fe-56 Cu-64 S-32 I-127 B-10.8 Ca-40 Al-27第I卷 (共66分)一、选择题(本题共10分,每小题2分,只有一个正确选项,答案涂写在答题卷上)1. 化学与社会、生产、生活紧切相关。

下列说法正确的是A.PM2.5颗粒直径约是原子直径的2.5倍B.淀粉、蔗糖、氨基酸在一定条件都能发生水解反应C.植物油通常能和氢氧化钠溶液发生反应D.应该倡议禁止向绿色食品中添加任何化学物质2. 下列块状金属在常温下能够全部溶于足量的浓硝酸的是A. AuB. AgC. AlD. Fe3. 下列关于氮及其化合物的表述完全正确的是A.氮原子最外层电子的轨道表示式:B.氨分子的球棍模型:C.二氧化氮分子的比例模型D.溴化铵的电子式4.以下关于石油化工的认识不正确的是A.氧化铝粉末可以提高石蜡裂化的效率B.石油裂化的主要目的是为了提高轻质液体燃料的产量C.塑料、橡胶、纤维都是石油化工的产品D.植物油和裂化汽油都含有不饱和碳原子5.下列有关物质的性质与应用不相对应的是A. SO2具有氧化性,可用于漂白纸浆B. FeCl3溶液能与Cu反应,可用于蚀刻印刷电路C. 熟石膏与水的糊状混合物会很快凝固,可用它制作模型和医疗上的石膏绷带D.Zn具有还原性和导电性,可用作锌锰干电池的负极材料二、选择题(本题共36分,每小题3分,每题只有一个正确选项)6. 门捷列夫根据元素周期表的位置,预测到锗的存在。

锗的最外层电子排布为4s24p2,以下相关判断最有可能错误的是A.甲锗烷(GeH4)是一种结构与甲烷相近的化合物B.就导电的本领而言,单质锗优于一般非金属,劣于一般金属C.通常状态下,二氧化锗与二氧化碳都是非极性的气体化合物D.锗失去1个电子需要的能量低于碳7.室温下,对于0.10 mol·L-1的氨水,下列判断正确的是A.用相同浓度的HNO3溶液中和,硝酸体积小于氨水时,溶液可能呈中性B.温度不变,加水稀释后溶液中c(NH4+)·c(OH—)不变C.加水稀释后,溶液中导电粒子的数目减少D.其溶液的pH=138. 根据有机物的命名原则,下列命名正确的是A.间三甲苯B.CH3CH(NH2)CH2COOH 3-氨基丁酸C.2-羟基丁烷D.CH3CH(C2H5)CH2CH2CH32-乙基戊烷9、意大利罗马大学的FuNvio Cacace等人获得了极具理论研究意义的N4分子。

上海市长宁、嘉定区高三英语下学期4月二模考试试题(嘉定二模)(扫描版)牛津上海版 试题

上海市长宁、嘉定区高三英语下学期4月二模考试试题(嘉定二模)(扫描版)牛津上海版 试题

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三英语下学期4月二模考试试题(嘉定二模)(扫描版)牛津上海版2014年高三英语教学质量检测卷答案第I卷I. Listening Comprehension1-5 CADBB 6-10 CADBD 11-13 DCC 14-16 AAC17. Secretary 18. Spanish 19. Fluently 20. Tuesday21. Forty/ 40 22.fixing (a little)/ to be fixed23. potatoes and carrots 24. a positive opinion/ attitudeII. Grammar and Vocabulary25. weeping 26. to conceal 27. as if 28. whom29. in 30. his 31. (the) most reliable 32. a33. how 34. arrested 35. had been shown 36. what37. are guarding 38. coming 39. had to 40. before41-45 F G K D J 46-50 I H B A EIII. Reading Comprehension51-55 DCBBA 56-60 ABADC 61-65 BDCDC66-69 CABB 70-73 DCCA 74-77 DCBD78. collecting solar energy and changing it into electricity79. Partnering with a company for installation and servicing/ Offering the installation and servicing of the panels.80. silver-gray and fit traditional tiled roof designs/ match the existing tiled roof designs/ rooftops81. By showering the glass surfaces with electricity-producing coatings.第II卷I. Translation1. Look, how tall the tree (that was) planted ten years ago is now!2. You look very tired, and/ so why don’t you/ not go home and have a good sleep?3. It is generally thought/ considered/ believed that talking loudly in public (places) is rude and should be avoided.4. Many developed countries have been taking measures/ steps/ action to attract as many Chinese tourists as possible to promote economic growth since the 21st century.5. Only by setting clear goals/ aims in life and sparing no effort/ making every effort to work on it/ and working on it with all efforts can you realize your dream of being a useful person/ make your dream of being a useful person come true.II. Guided Writing略2014年高三英语教学质量检测试卷,听力部分现在开始Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. W: Good afternoon. What can I do for you?M: I’m having a headache, perhaps from playing video games. Do you have any painkillers?Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2. M: These new bags look very nice. How much are they?W: It was originally 60 pounds for each. But if you buy two, you will get one free. So I got three altogether.Q: How much does each bag actually cost the woman?3. M: The door was left open, so the wind blew the vase off the table.W: That’s to say I punished Tom by mistake.Q: What do we know about Tom?4. W: I didn’t know this is a one-way street.M: I’m sorry, but ignorance of the law is no excuse.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?5. M: I hear that you are going to study in Brighton University next year, is that true?W: Yes. But I never expected that the university would offer me a full scholarship.Q: What does the woman mean?6. W: How are you getting on with your paper? I’m having a real hard time with mine.M: After a couple of sleepless nights, I am finally done.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. W: Hi, I have a map of the campus, but I still cannot find the building where the exhibit is.Would you please tell me how to get there?M: That looks like an old map. Follow me. I’m going that way myself.Q: What is the man probably going to do?8. M: Did you notice that Susan was in low spirits this morning?W: Yes. If only Mrs. Brown had been more gentle to her students.Q: What does the woman imply?9. M: Why are you leaving so early? The movie doesn’t start till seven.W: I don’t want to get stuck in a traffic jam. It’s terrible on the highway during rush hours.Q: What does the woman mean?10. M: Then why do you decide to quit your present job?W: Tha t’s because of the journey. It takes about two hours to the workplace. Your firm is within a walking distance.Q: Why does the woman want to give up her present job?Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.On a special Sunday night, millions of Americans are glued to their TVs, watching the SuperBowl, the most popular American football game of the year. They are eating pizza, chicken wings and chips and cheering every move.Why are Americans so crazy about American football? Well, it is more exciting than other sports. One team can lose possession of the ball in a minute, which may allow their opponents to make a touchdown. Then that team may win the game unexpectedly!The Super Bowl also entertains its audience with a great halftime show. The football field is turned into a stage. Then an impressive performance of dancing and singing with special effects occurs.Since the Super Bowl is the most-watched TV program in America, commercial broadcast is also very expensive. Big money is also spent on the commercials. They draw the viewers’attention and advertise their image or products during the commercial break.Besides football, we have basketball and baseball. If you’re not a sports fan yet, come and pick a sport or a team. Go to a ball game with your family, and cheer your team on. Sports are definitely a part of American culture one should not miss.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:11. Why are Americans so fascinated with American football?12. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the TV program of the Super Ball?13. What is the passage mainly about?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.“W e used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, to a large extent, our fate is in our genes,” said James Watson, a gene biologist. Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is reforming the treatment of disease.Although much of the research is at the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stoppingthem from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. The children given the therapy are now in kindergarten and living normal lives.Gene therapy has also seen used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine. But more research is needed to assure its safety.(Now listen again, please.)Questions:14. How do scientists use gene therapy to treat children with brain disease?15. Which of the following statements about gene therapy is true?16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Good morning, I’m calling for the secretary vacancy of your company in the paper yesterday. M: Well, your name please?W: Mary Smith.M: Good. Mary, could you please tell me a little bit about yourself?W: Yes. I’m 23. I went to the University of Leeds. I’ve got a master’s degree in English.M: I see. Do you know any foreign languages?W: Spanish.M: And how well can you speak it?W: Fluently, I would say.M: All right. Can you come in and have an interview with us next Tuesday afternoon? Would you please leave us your phone number?W: Oh, certainly, it’s 150********. Thank you very much. See you then. Goodbye.M: Goodbye.(Now listen again, please.)Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.W: Oh, where are we going?M: I want to show you something.W: I know, but what is it?M: A farm. It’s just down this road. It’s a small place, but at least it would be our own.W: A farm? How can we afford to buy a farm?M: It isn’t very large, only 40 acres. We wouldn’t have to pay very much right now.W: Is there a house on the place?M: A small one with two bedrooms, but it needs to be fixed a little. I can do the job myself.W: Ok. Is there enough space for a kitchen garden?M: There is about half an acre around the house. That’s plenty of space.W: Then we can keep a few chickens. What are you thinking about growing on the farm, if we do take this place?M: Well, it really isn’t big enough for corn. I think we may grow potatoes and carrots.W: That is a great idea. And I think we have enough money to get started. I do think positively of your plan, honey.M: Thank you so much!(Now listen again, please.)Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. That’s the end of the Listening Comprehension.。

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届下学期高三年级4月二模考试地理试卷 有答案

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届下学期高三年级4月二模考试地理试卷  有答案

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届下学期高三年级4月二模考试地理试卷本试卷共10页,满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

全卷包括两大题,第一大题考生应在答题纸上代表正确的答案用2B铅笔将相应的位置涂黑,第二大题考生应用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案写在答题纸相应的位置。

一.单项选择题(共60分,每小题2分)(一)2013年11月3日,非洲出现了一次壮观的日食现象。

1. 日全食发生时,被全部遮盖的太阳大气是A.平流层 B.光球层C.色球层 D.日冕层2. 此时下列说法正确的是A.太阳活动增强 B.地面无线电波信号消失C.太阳辐射减弱 D.对地球磁场有影响(二)据报道,以“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平名字命名的“隆平新区·种业硅谷”在湖南长沙市芙蓉区筹建,并将打造成农业的“中国芯”。

3. 影响“种业硅谷”的主要区位条件是A.市场需求大 B.劳动力丰富 C.气候适宜 D.农业科技水平较高4. 打造“种业硅谷”将对粮食生产的积极意义是①提高粮食产量②增加粮食种植面积③利于优良品种的全球推广④降低劳动生产率A.①③ B.③④ C.②④ D.①②(三)2013年,我国进出口贸易额取代美国,成为世界第一大贸易国。

5. 目前我国进出口贸易产品的主要特点是A.以高附加值工业制成品为主 B.以低附加值制成品为主C.产品由劳动密集型逐步转向技术密集型 D.初级制成品为主6. 网购已成为我们日常生活中很重要的一种贸易方式。

网络购物时,商家发货后顾客可以随时查询货物所在的位置,查询时用到的主要地理信息技术是A .GIS 系统B .GPS 系统C .RS 系统D .数字地球(四)2014年2月3日(农历正月初四)19时开始,上海遭遇了历史上最长一次咸潮入侵。

约200万人饮水受影响。

7. 下列图示与本次上海咸潮发生时间接近的是8. 减轻咸潮对上海影响的有效措施是①跨流域调水,保证城市供水 ②开放上游水库,增加河口径流量 ③启动预警预报系统,启用备用水库 ④建立海水淡化厂,淡化含盐的河水 A .①③ B .②④ C .②③ D .①④(五)天山库车大峡谷位于天山山脉南麓, 山体呈红褐色,岩层主体是泥质砂岩,由于地壳发生过剧烈的变动,岩层呈波状弯曲。

2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(文科)含详解

2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(文科)含详解

2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(文科)一.填空题(本大题共有14题,满分56分)考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分.1.(4分)已知i为虚数单位,计算:=.2.(4分)已知集合A={﹣2,﹣1,0,1},集合B={x|x2﹣1≤0,x∈R},则A ∩B=.3.(4分)函数y=(sinx+cosx)2的最小正周期是.4.(4分)在(1+x)6﹣(1+x)5的展开式中,含x3项的系数是.5.(4分)某校选修乒乓球课程的学生中,高一年级有30名,高二年级有40名.现用分层抽样的方法在这70名学生中抽取一个样本,已知在高一年级的学生中抽取了6名,则在高二年级的学生中应抽取的人数为.6.(4分)已知向量=(sinθ,1),=(1,cosθ),其中0<θ<π,若⊥,则θ=.7.(4分)对于任意a∈(0,1)∪(1,+∞),函数f(x)=的反函数f﹣1(x)的图象经过的定点的坐标是.8.(4分)已知函数f(x)=,将f(x)的图象与x轴围成的封闭图形绕x轴旋转一周,所得旋转体的体积为.9.(4分)已知tanα=﹣,则cos2α=.10.(4分)已知当抛物线型拱桥的顶点距水面2米时,量得水面宽8米.当水面升高1米后,水面宽度是米.11.(4分)从集合{1,2,3,4,5}中随机取一个数a,从集合{1,3,5}中随机取一个数b,则“事件a≥b”发生的概率是.12.(4分)已知实数a,b满足a+b=1,则(a+2)2+(b+2)2的最小值为.13.(4分)若平面区域是一个三角形,则k的取值范围是.14.(4分)已知函数f(x)=,若对于正数k n(n∈N*),直线y=k n•x与函数y=f(x)的图象恰有2n+1个不同交点,则(k12+k22+…+k n2)=.二.选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)每题有且只有一个选项正确,考生应在答题纸相应编号上,将代表答案选项的小方格涂黑,每题选对得5分,否则一律得零分.15.(5分)运行如图所示的程序框图,则输出的所有实数对(x,y)所对应的点都在函数()A.y=x+1的图象上B.y=2x的图象上C.y=2x的图象上D.y=2x﹣1的图象上16.(5分)下列说法正确的是()A.命题“若x2=1,x=1”的否命题是“若x2=1,则x≠1”B.“x=﹣1”是“x2﹣x﹣2=0”的必要不充分条件C.命题“若x=y,则sinx=siny”的逆否命题是真命题D.“tanx=1”是“x=”的充分不必要条件17.(5分)已知双曲线C:﹣=1(a>0,b>0),方向向量为=(1,1)的直线与C交于两点A、B,若线段AB的中点为(4,1),则双曲线C的渐近线方程是()A.2x±y=0B.x±2y=0C.x±y=0D.x±y=0 18.(5分)已知偶函数f(x)对任意x∈R都有f(x+4)﹣f(x)=2f(2),则f(2014)的值等于()A.2B.3C.4D.0三.解答题(本大题共有5题,满分74分)解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(12分)在△ABC中,角A,B,C,所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知sinA+sinC=psinB (p∈R).且ac=b2.(Ⅰ)当p=,b=1时,求a,c的值;(Ⅱ)若角B为锐角,求p的取值范围.20.(14分)在如图所示的多面体中,四边形ABCD为正方形,四边形ADPQ 是直角梯形,AD⊥DP,CD⊥平面PDAQ,AB=AQ=DP.(1)求证:棱锥Q﹣ABCD与棱锥P﹣DCQ的体积相等.(2)求异面直线CP与BQ所成角的大小(结果用反三角函数值表示).21.(14分)已知椭圆Γ:+=1(a>b>0)的焦距为4,且椭圆Γ过点A(2,).(1)求椭圆Γ的方程;(2)设P、Q为椭圆Γ上关于y轴对称的两个不同的动点,求•的取值范围.22.(16分)已知等差数列{a n}满足a3=7,a5+a7=26.(1)求{a n}的通项公式;(2)若m=,数列{b n}满足关系式b n=,求证:数列{b n}的通项公式为b n=2n﹣1;(3)设(2)中的数列{b n}的前n项和为S n,对任意的正整数n,(1﹣n)•(S n+n+2)+(n+p)•2n+1<2恒成立,求实数p的取值范围.23.(18分)设a是实数,函数f(x)=4x+|2x﹣a|(x∈R).(1)求证:函数f(x)不是奇函数;(2)当a≤0时,解关于x的方程f(x)=a2;(3)当a>0时,求函数y=f(x)的值域(用a表示).2014年上海市长宁区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(文科)参考答案与试题解析一.填空题(本大题共有14题,满分56分)考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对得4分,否则一律得零分.1.(4分)已知i为虚数单位,计算:=1+i.【考点】A5:复数的运算.【专题】5N:数系的扩充和复数.【分析】利用复数的运算法则即可得出.【解答】解:===1+i.故答案为:1+i.【点评】本题考查了复数的运算法则,属于基础题.2.(4分)已知集合A={﹣2,﹣1,0,1},集合B={x|x2﹣1≤0,x∈R},则A ∩B={﹣1,0,1}.【考点】1E:交集及其运算.【专题】5J:集合.【分析】求解一元二次不等式化简集合B,然后直接利用交集的运算求解.【解答】解:∵A={﹣2,﹣1,0,1},B={x|x2﹣1≤0,x∈R}={x|﹣1≤x≤1},则A∩B={﹣1,0,1}.故答案为:{﹣1,0,1}.【点评】本题考查交集及其运算,考查了一元二次不等式的解法,是基础的计算题.3.(4分)函数y=(sinx+cosx)2的最小正周期是π.【考点】GG:同角三角函数间的基本关系;GP:两角和与差的三角函数;H1:三角函数的周期性.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】利用同角三角函数的基本关系,二倍角公式可得函数y=1+sin2x,根据最小正周期等于求出结果.【解答】解:函数y=(sinx+cosx)2=1+2sinxcosx=1+sin2x,故它的最小正周期等于=π,故答案为:π.【点评】本题主要考查同角三角函数的基本关系,二倍角公式的应用,正弦函数的周期性及其求法,属于基础题.4.(4分)在(1+x)6﹣(1+x)5的展开式中,含x3项的系数是10.【考点】DA:二项式定理.【专题】5P:二项式定理.【分析】由题意可得,含x3项的系数为﹣,计算求得结果.【解答】解:在(1+x)6﹣(1+x)5的展开式中,含x3项的系数为﹣=20﹣10=10,故答案为:10.【点评】本题主要考查二项式定理的应用,求展开式中某项的系数,二项式系数的性质,属于中档题.5.(4分)某校选修乒乓球课程的学生中,高一年级有30名,高二年级有40名.现用分层抽样的方法在这70名学生中抽取一个样本,已知在高一年级的学生中抽取了6名,则在高二年级的学生中应抽取的人数为8.【考点】B3:分层抽样方法.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】首先根据高一年级的总人数和抽取的人数,做出每个个体被抽到的概率,根据在抽样过程中每个个体被抽到的概率相等,利用这个概率乘以高二的学生数,得到高二要抽取的人数.【解答】解:∵高一年级有30名学生,在高一年级的学生中抽取了6名,∴每个个体被抽到的概率是=∵高二年级有40名学生,∴要抽取40×=8名学生,故答案为:8【点评】本题考查分层抽样,在分层抽样过程中每个个体被抽到的概率相等,本题解题的关键是做出每个个体被抽到的概率,用这个概率乘以指定年级的人数,就可以得到这个年级要抽取的样本数,本题是一个基础题.6.(4分)已知向量=(sinθ,1),=(1,cosθ),其中0<θ<π,若⊥,则θ=.【考点】9P:平面向量数量积的坐标表示、模、夹角.【专题】5A:平面向量及应用.【分析】根据向量垂直与向量数量积之间的关系,建立方程即可得到结论.【解答】解:∵向量=(sinθ,1),=(1,cosθ),其中0<θ<π,∴若⊥,则•=0,即sinθ+cosθ=0,即tanθ=﹣1,∴,故答案为:【点评】本题主要考查平面向量的应用,利用向量垂直与向量数量积之间的关系是解决本题的关键.7.(4分)对于任意a∈(0,1)∪(1,+∞),函数f(x)=的反函数f﹣1(x)的图象经过的定点的坐标是(1,2).【考点】4R:反函数.【专题】1:常规题型.【分析】先由矩阵算出f(x)的表达式,再由原函数过定点,交换点的横纵坐标,得到反函数的定点坐标.【解答】解:f(x)==log a(x﹣1)+1,易知过定点(2,1).由反函数与原函数的图象关于直线y=x对称,所以反函数f﹣1(x)的图象经过的定点坐标为(1,2).故答案为:(1,2).【点评】本题得到原函数的定点(2,1),再由对称性得到反函数的定点坐标.8.(4分)已知函数f(x)=,将f(x)的图象与x轴围成的封闭图形绕x轴旋转一周,所得旋转体的体积为.【考点】6M:用定积分求简单几何体的体积;LF:棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】根据曲线旋转后的图形,即可得到结论.【解答】解:当0≤x≤2时,函数f(x)与x轴围成的封闭图形绕x轴旋转一周为两个圆锥,其中圆锥的高为1,底面半径为1,球的半径为1,则对应的体积为2×,故答案为:.【点评】本题主要考查空间几何体的体积计算,根据函数的表达式确定旋转之后的图形是解决本题的关键.9.(4分)已知tanα=﹣,则cos2α=.【考点】GS:二倍角的三角函数.【专题】56:三角函数的求值.【分析】利用同角三角函数的基本关系、二倍角公式化简要求的式子,可得结果.【解答】解:∵tanα=﹣,∴cos2α====,故答案为:.【点评】本题主要考查同角三角函数的基本关系、二倍角公式的应用,属于基础题.10.(4分)已知当抛物线型拱桥的顶点距水面2米时,量得水面宽8米.当水面升高1米后,水面宽度是米.【考点】K8:抛物线的性质.【专题】11:计算题.【分析】先建立坐标系,根据题意,求出抛物线的方程,进而利用当水面升高1米后,y=﹣1,可求水面宽度.【解答】解:由题意,建立如图所示的坐标系,抛物线的开口向下,设抛物线的标准方程为x2=﹣2py(p>0)∵顶点距水面2米时,量得水面宽8米∴点(4,﹣2)在抛物线上,代入方程得,p=4∴x2=﹣8y当水面升高1米后,y=﹣1代入方程得:x=±2∴水面宽度是米故答案为:【点评】本题以实际问题为载体,考查抛物线方程的建立,考查利用数学知识解决实际问题,属于中档题.11.(4分)从集合{1,2,3,4,5}中随机取一个数a,从集合{1,3,5}中随机取一个数b,则“事件a≥b”发生的概率是.【考点】CB:古典概型及其概率计算公式.【专题】5I:概率与统计.【分析】试验发生包含的事件是分别从两个集合中取两个数字,共有5×3种结果,满足条件的事件是满足a≥b,可以列举出所有的事件,根据概率公式得到结果.【解答】解:由题意知,试验发生包含的事件是分别从两个集合中取两个数字,共有5×3=15种结果,满足条件的事件是满足a≥b,可以列举出所有的事件,当b=1时,a=1,2,3,4,5,当b=3时,a=3,4,5,当b=3时,a=5,共有5+3+1=9个,∴根据古典概型的概率公式得到概率是.故答案为:.【点评】本题考查古典概型及其概率计算公式,考查分步计数原理和分类计数原理,利用这两个原理做出基本事件数.属于中档题.12.(4分)已知实数a,b满足a+b=1,则(a+2)2+(b+2)2的最小值为.【考点】JF:圆方程的综合应用.【专题】15:综合题;31:数形结合;35:转化思想.【分析】由题意(a+2)2+(b+2)2的几何意义是点(a,b)与点(﹣2,﹣2)的距离的平方,(a+2)2+(b+2)2的最小值点(﹣2,﹣2)到直线a+b=1的距离的平方,由此问题转化为求点(﹣2,﹣2)到直线a+b=1的距离【解答】解:由题意(a+2)2+(b+2)2的几何意义是点(a,b)与点(﹣2,﹣2)的距离的平方实数a,b满足a+b=1,即点(a,b)在直线a+b=1运动,∴两点(a,b)与点(﹣2,﹣2)的距离的最小值即为点(﹣2,﹣2)到直线a+b=1的距离由于d==∴(a+2)2+(b+2)2的最小值为故答案为:.【点评】本题考查圆的方程的应用,点到直线的距离公式,解题的关键是理解题意,将求(a+2)2+(b+2)2的最小值问题转化为点(﹣2,﹣2)到直线a+b=1的距离的平方,本题考查了转化的思想,数形结合的思想,本题考查析几何的根本问题,题目难度不大,但很有价值.13.(4分)若平面区域是一个三角形,则k的取值范围是(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(0,].【考点】7B:二元一次不等式(组)与平面区域.【专题】11:计算题;16:压轴题;31:数形结合.【分析】画出平面区域,直线y+2=k(x+1)表示过(﹣1,﹣2)的直线,可行域是三角形,直线过(0,2)和(﹣2,0),结合图形,求出k的范围.【解答】解:直线y+2=k(x+1)表示过(﹣1,﹣2)的直线,根据约束条件画出可行域如图:平面区域是一个三角形,就是图中阴影部分,所以k∈(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(0,]故答案为:(﹣∞,﹣2)∪(0,].【点评】本题考查二元一次不等式(组)与平面区域,考查作图能力,逻辑思维能力,是中档题.14.(4分)已知函数f(x)=,若对于正数k n(n∈N*),直线y=k n•x与函数y=f(x)的图象恰有2n+1个不同交点,则(k12+k22+…+k n2)=.【考点】3A:函数的图象与图象的变换;5B:分段函数的应用;6F:极限及其运算.【专题】15:综合题.【分析】由函数f(x)是分段函数求出各段内的表达式,画出草图,得到直线和y=f(x)交点的规律,列方程组求出的值,问题得解.【解答】解:∵当0≤x<2时,f(x)=,当2≤x<4时,0≤x﹣2<2,∴f(x﹣2)==,当4≤x<6时,0≤x﹣4<6,∴f(x﹣4)==,以此类推…,∴函数f(x)的图象如图所示:当n=1时,y=k1x与函数y=f(x)的图象恰有3个不同交点,此时,y=k1x与第一个半圆相交与第二个半圆相切,当n=2时,y=k2x与函数y=f(x)的图象恰有5个不同交点,此时,y=k2x与前两个半圆相交与第三个半圆相切,…,当n=n时,直线y=k n•x与函数y=f(x)的图象恰有2n+1个不同交点,此时,y=k n x与前n个半圆相交与第n+1个半圆相切,于是有;⇒(+1)﹣2(2n+1)x+(2n+1)2﹣1=0⇒△==0,解得:==(),∴+++…+=(1﹣+﹣+…+)=(1﹣),则(k12+k22+…+k n2)=(1﹣)=.【点评】本题主要考察了分段函数,函数的图象及性质,数列裂项求和以及求极限值,是一道综合题.二.选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)每题有且只有一个选项正确,考生应在答题纸相应编号上,将代表答案选项的小方格涂黑,每题选对得5分,否则一律得零分.15.(5分)运行如图所示的程序框图,则输出的所有实数对(x,y)所对应的点都在函数()A.y=x+1的图象上B.y=2x的图象上C.y=2x的图象上D.y=2x﹣1的图象上【考点】EF:程序框图.【专题】5K:算法和程序框图.【分析】根据题意,模拟程序框图的运行过程,得出输出的实数对(x,y)是什么,从而做出正确的选择.【解答】解:根据题意,模拟程序框图的运行过程,得输出的实数对(x,y)是(1,1),(2,2),(3,4),(4,8);∴它们所对应的点都在函数y=2x﹣1的图象上.故选:D.【点评】本题考查了程序框图的运行过程的问题,解题时应模拟程序框图的运行过程,从而做出正确的判定,是基础题.16.(5分)下列说法正确的是()A.命题“若x2=1,x=1”的否命题是“若x2=1,则x≠1”B.“x=﹣1”是“x2﹣x﹣2=0”的必要不充分条件C.命题“若x=y,则sinx=siny”的逆否命题是真命题D.“tanx=1”是“x=”的充分不必要条件【考点】2K:命题的真假判断与应用.【专题】15:综合题;5L:简易逻辑.【分析】对选项逐个进行判断,即可得出结论.【解答】解:A:命题“若x2=1,x=1”的否命题是“若x2≠1,则x≠1”,故不正确;B:“x=﹣1”是“x2﹣x﹣2=0”的充分不必要条件,故不正确;C:命题“若x=y,则sinx=siny”是真命题,所以命题“若x=y,则sinx=siny”的逆否命题是真命题,故正确;D:“tanx=1”是“x=”的必要不充分条件,故不正确故选:C.【点评】本题考查命题的真假判断与应用,考查四种命题,考查充要条件,属于中档题.17.(5分)已知双曲线C:﹣=1(a>0,b>0),方向向量为=(1,1)的直线与C交于两点A、B,若线段AB的中点为(4,1),则双曲线C的渐近线方程是()A.2x±y=0B.x±2y=0C.x±y=0D.x±y=0【考点】KC:双曲线的性质.【专题】5D:圆锥曲线的定义、性质与方程.【分析】设方向向量为=(1,1)的直线方程为y=x+m,联立,设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),由线段AB的中点为(4,1),x1+x2==8,y1+y2=8+2m=2,由此求出a=2b,从而能求出双曲线C的渐近线方程.【解答】解:设方向向量为=(1,1)的直线方程为y=x+m,联立,消去y,得:(b2﹣a2)x2﹣2a2mx﹣a2m2﹣a2b2=0,设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),∵线段AB的中点为(4,1),∴x1+x2==8,y1+y2=8+2m=2,解得m=﹣3,∴,∴a=2b,∴双曲线C的渐近线方程为y=x,即x±2y=0.故选:B.【点评】本题考查双曲线的渐近线方程的求法,是中档题,解题时要认真审题,注意双曲线的简单性质的灵活运用.18.(5分)已知偶函数f(x)对任意x∈R都有f(x+4)﹣f(x)=2f(2),则f(2014)的值等于()A.2B.3C.4D.0【考点】3K:函数奇偶性的性质与判断.【专题】51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】令x=﹣2,求出f(2)=0,然后得到函数的周期为4,利用函数的周期性即可求出f(2014)的值.【解答】解:令x=﹣2,则由f(x+4)﹣f(x)=2f(2),得f(﹣2+4)﹣f(﹣2)=2f(2),∵f(x)是偶函数,∴f(2)﹣f(2)=2f(2),即f(2)=0,∴f(x+4)﹣f(x)=2f(2)=0,即f(x+4)=f(x),∴函数f(x)是周期为4的周期数列,则f(2014)=f(503×4+2)=f(2)=0,故选:D.【点评】本题主要考查函数值的计算,利用函数的奇偶性,推导出函数的周期性是解决本题的关键,综合考查了函数的性质.三.解答题(本大题共有5题,满分74分)解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(12分)在△ABC中,角A,B,C,所对的边分别为a,b,c.已知sinA+sinC=psinB (p∈R).且ac=b2.(Ⅰ)当p=,b=1时,求a,c的值;(Ⅱ)若角B为锐角,求p的取值范围.【考点】HU:解三角形.【专题】58:解三角形.【分析】(Ⅰ)利用正弦定理把题设等式中的角的正弦转化成边,解方程组求得a和c的值.(Ⅱ)先利用余弦定理求得a,b和c的关系,把题设等式代入表示出p2,进而利用cosB的范围确定p2的范围,进而确定pd 范围.【解答】(Ⅰ)解:由题设并利用正弦定理得故可知a,c为方程x2﹣x+=0的两根,进而求得a=1,c=或a=,c=1(Ⅱ)解:由余弦定理得b2=a2+c2﹣2accosB=(a+c)2﹣2ac﹣2accosB=p2b2﹣b2cosB﹣,即p2=+cosB,因为0<cosB<1,所以p2∈(,2),由题设知p∈R,所以<p<或﹣<p<﹣又由sinA+sinC=psinB知,p是正数故<p<即为所求【点评】本题主要考查了解三角形问题.学生能对正弦定理和余弦定理的公式及变形公式熟练应用.20.(14分)在如图所示的多面体中,四边形ABCD为正方形,四边形ADPQ 是直角梯形,AD⊥DP,CD⊥平面PDAQ,AB=AQ=DP.(1)求证:棱锥Q﹣ABCD与棱锥P﹣DCQ的体积相等.(2)求异面直线CP与BQ所成角的大小(结果用反三角函数值表示).【考点】LF:棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积;LM:异面直线及其所成的角.【专题】15:综合题;5F:空间位置关系与距离;5G:空间角.【分析】(1)利用体积的计算方法将本题中的体积计算出来即可得出结论;(2)确定∠PCE为异面直线PC与BQ所成角,利用余弦定理,即可求出异面直线CP与BQ所成角的大小.【解答】(1)证明:设AB=a,由题设,QA⊥AD,QA⊥CD,知AQ为棱锥Q ﹣ABCD的高,所以棱锥Q一ABCD的体积V1=,棱锥P﹣DCQ的体积V2=V C﹣DPQ=••2a•a•a=,故棱锥Q﹣ABCD的体积与棱锥P﹣DCQ的体积相等;(2)解:因为AB=AQ=DP,取PD中点E,连结QE,CE则QE∥BC,且QE=BC,故CE∥BQ,所以∠PCE为异面直线PC与BQ所成角.…(2分)设AB=a,则在△PCE中,EP=a,CE=a,CP=a,…(4分)由余弦定理,cos∠PCE==.…(7分)所以,异面直线CP与BQ所成角的大小为arccos.…(8分)【点评】本题考查体积的计算,考查异面直线所成角,考查余弦定理,正确作出异面直线所成角是关键.21.(14分)已知椭圆Γ:+=1(a>b>0)的焦距为4,且椭圆Γ过点A(2,).(1)求椭圆Γ的方程;(2)设P、Q为椭圆Γ上关于y轴对称的两个不同的动点,求•的取值范围.【考点】KH:直线与圆锥曲线的综合.【专题】5E:圆锥曲线中的最值与范围问题.【分析】(1)由已知条件推导出,由此能求出椭圆Γ的方程.(2)设P(x,y),则Q(﹣x,y),(x≠0),=(x﹣2,y﹣),=(﹣x ﹣2,y﹣),由,得x2=8﹣2y2,由此能求出的取值范围.【解答】(1)解:∵椭圆Γ:+=1(a>b>0)的焦距为4,且椭圆Γ过点A(2,).∴c=2,…(1分),…(2分)解得a2=8,b2=4,…(4分)∴椭圆Γ的方程为.…(6分)(2)设P(x,y),则Q(﹣x,y),(x≠0),=(x﹣2,y﹣),=(﹣x﹣2,y﹣),…(1分)由,得x2=8﹣2y2,∴=4﹣x2+(y﹣)2=3y2﹣2y﹣2=3(y﹣)2﹣,…(5分)由题意,﹣2<y<2,∴﹣≤3﹣<10+4.…(7分)∴的取值范围是[﹣,10+4).…(8分)【点评】本题考查椭圆方程的求法,考查向量的数量积的取值范围的求法,解题时要认真审题,注意函数与方程思想的合理运用.22.(16分)已知等差数列{a n}满足a3=7,a5+a7=26.(1)求{a n}的通项公式;(2)若m=,数列{b n}满足关系式b n=,求证:数列{b n}的通项公式为b n=2n﹣1;(3)设(2)中的数列{b n}的前n项和为S n,对任意的正整数n,(1﹣n)•(S n+n+2)+(n+p)•2n+1<2恒成立,求实数p的取值范围.【考点】83:等差数列的性质;8K:数列与不等式的综合.【专题】54:等差数列与等比数列;59:不等式的解法及应用.【分析】(1)由等差数列有通项公式,得到首项与公差的方程组,得出首项与公差的值,得到通项公式;(2)已知数列的递推公式,由叠加法,得到数列的通项公式;(3)将数列求和得到前n项和后,将条件变形后,得到关于参数p 的关系式,这是一个恒成立问题,通过最值的研究,得到本题结论.【解答】解:(1)设等差数列a n的公差为d,由已知,有解得所以a n=3+2(n﹣1)=2n+1,即差数列a n的通项公式为a n=2n+1,n∈N*.(2)因为,所以,当n≥2时,.证法一(数学归纳法):①当n=1时,b1=1,结论成立;②假设当n=k时结论成立,即,那么当n=k+1时,=2k﹣1+2k=2k+1﹣1,即n=k+1时,结论也成立.由①,②得,当n∈N*时,成立.证法二:当n≥2时,,所以将这n﹣1个式子相加,得,即=.当n=1时,b1=1也满足上式.所以数列{b n}的通项公式为.(3)由(2),所以,∴原不等式变为(1﹣n)2n+1+(n+p)•2n+1<2,即p•2n+1<2﹣2n+1,∴对任意n∈N*恒成立,∵n为任意的正整数,∴p≤﹣1.∴m的取值范围是(﹣∞,﹣1].【点评】本题考查的是数列和不等式的知识,涉及到等差数列的通项公式、前n 项和公式、叠加法求通项,以及不等关系式.本题有一定的思维量,运算量较大,属于难题.23.(18分)设a是实数,函数f(x)=4x+|2x﹣a|(x∈R).(1)求证:函数f(x)不是奇函数;(2)当a≤0时,解关于x的方程f(x)=a2;(3)当a>0时,求函数y=f(x)的值域(用a表示).【考点】3K:函数奇偶性的性质与判断;4A:指数型复合函数的性质及应用.【专题】51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】(1)根据奇函数定义,利用反证法证明(2)讨论a的范围,解方程即可(3)利用换元将函数变为二次函数,进而利用二次函数的单调性求值域【解答】解:(1)证明:假设f(x)是奇函数,则对于一切x∈R,有f(﹣x)=﹣f(x),∴f(﹣0)=﹣f(0),即f(0)=0,又f(0)=40+|20﹣a|≥1,矛盾,所以假设不成立,故f(x)不是奇函数.(2)∵2x>0,4x>0,∴当a≤0时,f(x)=4x+2x﹣a,由f(x)=a2,得4x+2x﹣a=a2,即4x+2x﹣a(a+1)=0,解得2x=a(舍去)或2x=﹣(a+1);∴当a+1≥0时,即﹣1≤a≤0时,原方程无解;当a+1<0,即a<﹣1时,原方程的解为x=log2[﹣(a+1)].(3)令t=2x,则t>0,原函数变成y=t2+|t﹣a|∵a>0∴y=,对于0<t≤a,有y=,当0时,y是关于t的减函数,y的取值范围[a2,a);当a时,y min=a,时,y的取值范围是[a,a),a≥1时,y的取值范围是[a,a2);对于t>a,有y=t2+t﹣a=(t+)2是关t的增函数,其取值范围(a2,+∞).综上可知,当0时,函数y=f(x)的值域是[a2,+∞);当a时,函数y=f(x)的值域是[a,+∞).【点评】本题主要考察了函数的奇偶性以及复合函数的相关性质,综合性较强,属于难题.。

【长宁、嘉定二模】上海市长宁、嘉定区届高三下学期4月二模考试语文试题 Word版含答案

【长宁、嘉定二模】上海市长宁、嘉定区届高三下学期4月二模考试语文试题 Word版含答案

2014年高三语文教学质量检测试卷 (长宁嘉定卷) (一)阅读下文,完成1—6题。

(18分) 1.第段加点词“不平衡”在文中的意思是。

(2分) 2.分析第段画线句在结构上的作用。

(3分) 3.第段中作者提到了“壶中天地”,达到“壶中天地”须具备如下两个条件:(4分) (1) (2) 4.下列说法与第段文意相符的一项是(? ?)。

(2分) A.“心理地平线”与城市建筑相关而无关自然山水。

B.“心理地平线”是“现代性”冲击下的无奈选择。

C.“心理地平线”是中国对世界建筑界的独特贡献。

D.杭州的“城市天际线”趋近于“心理地平线”。

5.把下列语句组织起来填入第段横线处,语意连贯的一项是(? ?)。

(3分) 从2010年上海世博会各国场馆的建筑,可以看到各国不同的价值取向。

那些创意建筑似乎超越了文化差异,完全着眼于百般的奇异和万千的变化。

答案显非如此。

西方发达国家的建筑大都追求异形、高科技和对不确定未来的探索。

那么,这样的价值取向能代表人类建筑演进的必然方向吗?A. ? ?B.①②⑤④③C. ④②⑤③①? ?D.④①③⑤② 6.中央电视台新址大楼(如图)在“2013年度高层建筑奖”评选中获得最高奖——全球最佳高层建筑奖;民间称之为“大裤衩”。

你对这座建筑有何看法?请结合本文相关阐述简要说明理由。

(4分) (二)阅读下文,完成7—12题。

(20分) 【注】①我存:余光中之妻范我存。

7.第段为什么从“2008年的世界有不少重大的变化”写起?(2分) 8.从第段到第段,作者整整用了五段文字详写失帽原因及经过。

对作者详写失帽经过的用意判断不正确的一项是(? ?)。

(2分) A.文章的题目是“失帽记?”,作者详写失帽的原因和经过,与题目相应。

B.详写签书现场,暗示若不是自己难以“身外分身”决不至于丢了帽子。

C.第段写作者由“不死心”到死心,进一步暗示了所失帽子的不寻常。

D.作者详细地追忆往事,意在对当年青年学生盲目追星的行为提出批评。

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三下学期4月二模考试语文试题.doc

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三下学期4月二模考试语文试题.doc

上海市长宁、嘉定区2014届高三下学期4月二模考试语文试题依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是&#xa0;(3分)对于电子门票,故宫并非第一个“吃螃蟹”的景区,,。

,,。

①譬如福建武夷山景区早在2009年就已推出电子门票②其门票管理新政无疑具有风向标作用③如今中国许多景区也都用电子门票取代了传统的纸质门票④因此人们也对故宫电子票的实际效果倍感期待⑤不过,故宫作为中国最著名的旅游景点之一A.①③⑤②④B.③①②⑤④C.①⑤③②④D.③②⑤①④【答案解析】A2阅读下文,完成7—12题。

(20分)失帽记余光中①2008年的世界有不少重大的变化,其间有得有失。

这一年我自己年届八十,其间也得失互见:得者不少,难以细表,失者不多,却有一件难过至今。

我失去了一顶帽子。

②去年12月中旬,香港中文大学图书馆为我八秩庆生,举办了书刊手稿展览,并邀我重回沙田去签书、演讲。

现场相当热闹,用媒体流行的说法,就是所谓人气颇旺。

联合书院更编印了一册精美的场刊,图文并茂地呈现我香港时期十一年,在学府与文坛的各种活动,题名《香港相思——余光中的文学生命》,在现场送给观众。

③演讲的听众多为学生,讲毕照例要签书,为了促使长龙蠕动得较快,签名也必须加速。

不过今日的粉丝不比往年,索签的要求高得多了:不但要你签书、签笔记本、签便条、签书包、签学生证,还要题上他的名字、他女友的名字,或者一句赠言,当然,日期也不能少。

一粉丝在桌前索签,另一粉丝却在你椅后催你抬头、停笔、对准众多相机里的某一镜头,与他合影。

笑容尚未收起,而夹缝之中又有第三只手伸来,要你放下一切,跟他“交手”。

④这时你必须全神贯注,以免出错。

你想喝茶,却鞭长莫及。

你想脱衣,却匀不出手。

你内急己久,早应泄洪,却不容你抽身疾退。

这时,你真难身外分身,来护笔、护表、护稿、扶杯。

主办人焦待于漩涡之外,不知该纵容或呵止炒热了的粉丝。

⑤其实,那天听众之盛况不能算怎么拥挤,但也足以令我穷于应付,心神难专。

上海市长宁区嘉定区届高三英语二模试卷含答案及听力笔墨

上海市长宁区嘉定区届高三英语二模试卷含答案及听力笔墨

上海市长宁区嘉定区届高三英语二模试卷含答案及听力笔墨2014年长宁区、嘉定区高三英语教学质量检测试卷第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a paint store. B. At a grocery store.C. At a drugstore.D. At a video game store.2. A. £40. B. £60. C. £120. D. £180.3. A. He left the door open. B. He broke the vase.C. He took the vase off the table.D. He turned out to be innocent.4. A. Judge and lawyer. B. Policeman and driver.C. Cleaner and walker.D. Teacher and student.5. A. She’s got a full time job at the university. B. She was surprised to get a full scholarship.C. Everything went just as had been expected.D. Brighton University is not her ideal school.6. A. The man has a serious sleep problem. B. Neither of them has finished the paper.C. They both had a hard time doing the paper.D. The woman thought the paper easy to do.7. A. Help the woman find the building. B. Follow the woman to the exhibit.C. Assist the woman to read the map.D. Show the woman where to get a new map.8. A. Mrs. Brown was unhappy this morning.B. Mrs. Brown is a patient teacher.C. Susan must be poor at her studies.D. Susan might have been scolded by Mrs. Brown.9. A. She is going to try a new highway to the cinema.B. She wants to go early to avoid a traffic jam.C. She has no idea how to get to the cinema.D. She wants to leave the cinema before the movie is over.10.A. She loves going to work on foot. B. The firm she works in is not far away.C. She has to save money for her journey.D. It takes her too much time to go to work.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. It is an important occasion of American cultural activities.B. They can have drinks and snacks while watching the game.C. Some companies offer viewers expensive sample products.D. The result of the game may be beyond people’s12.A. Exciting professional performances. B. Fancy advertisements of products.C. Pleasant atmosphere on the spot.D. Warm company of their family.13.A. Expensive and impressive TV commercials.B. Various ways of entertaining audience during intervals.C. An introduction to a popular ball game in America.D. Different sports people love to play in America.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Introducing healthy genes into a virus. B. Removing faulty cells from patients.C. Providing emotional support to patients.D. Preventing patients from brain injuries.15.A. It still remains in an experimental stage at present.B. It has taken the place of surgery or medicine.C. It has only been tried on young patients so far.D. It helps patients to have a speedy and full recovery.16.A. Children are more likely to be infected by diseases.B. How to popularize gene therapy in different hospitals.C. A couple of successful examples of a new therapy.D. Genes rather than any other things are the master of our fortune.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the followingComplete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Job Application InformationIntended position:___17___.Applicant:Mary Smith.Education:Graduated from Leeds University with the MA degree in English.Foreign language:___18___. Proficiency (熟练程度):___19___. Contact telephone No: 150********.Interview time:Next ___20___ afternoon.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.How big is the farm?About ___21___ acres. What is the present condition?It needs ___22___. What does the man plan to grow on the farm?___23___.How does the woman like her husband’s plan?She holds ___24___ of it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He’s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame. If he is strong-willed, he would clench (咬紧) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep) in front of others. But as soon as he returns home hewould burst out crying at the first sight of his close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his best (26) ______ (conceal) his feelings, trying not to let others know how he feels. He would swallow his bitter tears and show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn’t care a bit. But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep but he’d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.If somebody weeps in your face — the person never of the type doing this in front of others, you’d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart’s content, for it shows you are regarded as his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.It’s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______ smiling face. Anyone can smile at you, but very few will weep in your face, because the latter is much harder for one to do than the former.资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保线缆敷设原则:在分线盒处,当不同电压回路交叉时,应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理;同一线槽内强电回路须同时切断习题电源,线缆敷设完毕,要进行检查和检测处理。

上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三化学二模试卷(含答案)

上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三化学二模试卷(含答案)

1 / 82014年长宁区、嘉定区高三化学教学质量检测试卷请在答题卷上答题。

满分 150分,考试时间120分钟。

相对原子质量: Fe-56 Cu-64 S-32 1-127 B-10.8 Ca-40 AI-27第I 卷(共66分)10分,每小题2分,只有一个正确选项,答案涂写在答题卷上)1.化学与社会、生产、生活紧切相关。

下列说法正确的是A . PM2.5颗粒直径约是原子直径的2.5倍B .淀粉、蔗糖、氨基酸在一定条件都能发生水解反应C •植物油通常能和氢氧化钠溶液发生反应D .应该倡议禁止向绿色食品中添加任何化学物质2. 下列块状金属在常温下能够全部溶于足量的浓硝酸的是 A .氧化铝粉末可以提高石蜡裂化的效率B •石油裂化的主要目的是为了提高轻质液体燃料的产量C •塑料、橡胶、纤维都是石油化工的产品D •植物油和裂化汽油都含有不饱和碳原子 5.下列有关物质的性质与应用不相对应的是A. SO 2具有氧化性,可用于漂白纸浆B. FeCl 3溶液能与Cu 反应,可用于蚀刻印刷电路C. 熟石膏与水的糊状混合物会很快凝固,可用它制作模型和医疗上的石膏绷带D. Zn 具有还原性和导电性,可用作锌锰干电池的负极材料 二、选择题(本题共 36分,每小题3分,每题只有一个正确选项)6. 门捷列夫根据元素周期表的位置,预测到锗的存在。

锗的最外层电子排布为 判断最有可能错误的是A .甲锗烷(GeH 4)是一种结构与甲烷相近的化合物B .就导电的本领而言,单质锗优于一般非金属,劣于一般金属C •通常状态下,二氧化锗与二氧化碳都是非极性的气体化合物D •锗失去1个电子需要的能量低于碳7. 室温下,对于0.10 mol L '-1的氨水,下列判断正确的是A .用相同浓度的HNO 3溶液中和,硝酸体积小于氨水时,溶液可能呈中性H-1 C-12N-14 0-16CI-35.5、选择题(本题共 A. Au B. AgC. AlD. Fe 3. A . C .F 列关于氮及其化合物的表述完全正确的是 氮原子最外层电子的轨道表示式: 二氧化氮分子的比例模型 ]1 ElHB .氨分子的球棍模型: D .溴化铵的电子式4.以下关于石油化工的认识不正确的是Hp- Bi"2 24s4p , 以下相关B .温度不变,加水稀释后溶液中c(NH 4+)- c(OH —)不变2 / 83 / 8C •加水稀释后,溶液中导电粒子的数目减少 8.根据有机物的命名原则,下列命名正确的是下所示,已知断裂ImolN — N 吸收167kJ 热量,生成Imol N = N 放出945kJ 热量。

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2014年高三语文教学质量检测试卷(长宁嘉定卷)(一)阅读下文,完成1—6题。

(18分)建筑:‚此地人‛的文化生态场景①城市建筑是与经济、社会发展水平相适应的城市文化生态的重要构成部分。

目前我国各地的经济、社会发展和城乡景观发展水平仍不平衡。

处在这一历史阶段的中国建筑,怎样体现既往与当今、时代与地域的关系?这是当下中国城市建筑文化生态演进的重要思考点。

②‚现代性‛促成了合理的城市化和建筑现代化,也导致了文化断根的城市化和城市、建筑的千篇一律。

于是,面对历史空间,便有两种倾向:标榜逻辑合理的‚新陈代谢‛和诉诸历史价值的‚怀古恋旧‛,而前者占压倒性优势。

观察中外城市与建筑演变进程中呈现的差异,可以对上述问题有更深入的思考:一是以巴黎19世纪的‚奥斯曼计划‛为例,法国近代旧城改造虽然颇具争议地拆除了大半的中世纪建筑及街区,但是也留下了有着较高建造质量并仍适应当代发展的近代历史城市景观。

今天的中国,大部分城镇包括重要历史城镇都经过了初级改造,却留下了很多问题和遗憾,低质建造比例大、地域风土特征保留少、景观相似度甚高等现代城市建筑通病随处可见。

第二个差异是,当代西方城市强调的可持续发展以后工业时代为背景,已经面临‚逆城市化‛和‚再城市化‛的问题,城市的历史空间与现代空间已从相对立走向相交融,而中国如何在社会和人文意义上,同时实现从农耕时代到后工业时代的‚有机更新‛,乃是目前面临的一个巨大挑战。

这就使我们看到了在现代性和全球化影响下,传统城乡的改造有必要坚持反思现代性的历史主义观念和保持各地文化生态多样性的地域主义立场。

③在‚现代性‛的冲击下,我们正在失去美国建筑师弗兰克〃劳埃德〃莱特说过的‚使居者能有‘此地人’切身感受‛的地域建筑特征。

面对此种挑战,虽然当下很多城市采用‚再现‛古城、古建已逝风貌的重建对策,但是这种被动的历史‚再现‛很难成为城市演进的主导方向。

④城市空间并非是一元性的,即使在全球化文化交流、交融的背景下,我们依然可以看到,在文化生态上有魅力、可持续的城市,不仅是‚与古为新‛拥有历史厚度的城市,还拥有质感的山水、建筑和人文环境,是有‚此地人‛感受的地方。

这里不妨以‚地平线‛作为比附,虽然可视的地平线需要深远的地理尺度,但是在拥有史地维度和质感的城市,却可以深切感受到人文与自然交织的‚心理地平线‛。

自人类建造城市以来,地平线就不断被城市景观的‚天际线‛所掩蔽,聚居程度越高,地平线消失越甚,可是‚心理地平线‛在中国传统城市与建筑空间中始终存在。

比如中国传统园林空间的古典美在世界上独树一帜,恰恰是封闭围合的‚壶中天地‛,完全看不到物理空间的地平线,通过对景、障景和借景,却让人有小中见大的意境。

这就是典型的‚心理地平线‛。

再如杭州西湖一侧是城市轮廓,另一侧是凤凰山等自然山林形成的天际线,无论从哪一侧看出去,都没有延绵的地理地平线,但是谁又能说杭州这种半城半山一水连的城市空间不似‚天堂‛呢?所以,在城市建筑设计和城市规划中,投入精心的设计思考,重建人与历史、与自然的脉络关系,是造就魅力城市不可或缺的一环。

只有当城市天际线趋近于‚心理地平线‛,城市才属于大地,人类才属于自然。

⑤不仅如此,对建筑文化生态的回归还要真正反顾到建筑的本体,挖掘建筑语言在地域文化建构中的潜力,而不仅仅是沉迷于建筑文化表层的‚标新立异‛。

尽管我们不但会对那少许融入史地质感,并隐含时空纵深感的创意建筑由衷欣赏,也会对超现实主义建筑作品惊叹连连,但是就整体而言,当代‚明星‛建筑师的作品,有许多只是刻意把建筑雕塑化,追求张扬个性的奇特形式感,纯粹成为没有确定含义和评价标准的另类艺术消费。

中国当代也一度将这类怪异建筑当作了国际化导向,其背后可以窥见国人在外来强势文化面前,产生的认同迷失:出于纠结于传统的抗拒和唯恐落伍国际的盲从。

⑥事实上,文化差异和多样性依然存在于人类社会演化的现实之中,并作用于建筑本身的演化进程。

⑦总之,在经济全球化的影响无处不在的时代,维系一个地方的文化特性和身份认同是必要的,一个国家或地区的软实力首先就体现于此。

中国未来的建筑既要吸纳国际先进的技术和美学因素,自信地在全球化中博采众长;更应当重视地理气候、风俗民情等环境特征,自觉地维系地方的文化差异和身份认同,以这样的姿态来推动中国未来建筑的本土化和地方化,应是建筑学对优化演进中的城市文化生态的一种专业奉献。

(选自2013年12月8日《人民日报》)1.第①段加点词“不平衡”在文中的意思是。

(2分)2.分析第②段画线句在结构上的作用。

(3分)3.第④段中作者提到了“壶中天地”,达到“壶中天地”须具备如下两个条件:(4分)(1)(2)4.下列说法与第④段文意相符的一项是()。

(2分)A.“心理地平线”与城市建筑相关而无关自然山水。

B.“心理地平线”是“现代性”冲击下的无奈选择。

C.“心理地平线”是中国对世界建筑界的独特贡献。

D. 杭州的“城市天际线”趋近于“心理地平线”。

5.把下列语句组织起来填入第⑥段横线处,语意连贯的一项是()。

(3分)①从2010年上海世博会各国场馆的建筑,可以看到各国不同的价值取向。

②那些创意建筑似乎超越了文化差异,完全着眼于百般的奇异和万千的变化。

③答案显非如此。

④西方发达国家的建筑大都追求异形、高科技和对不确定未来的探索。

⑤那么,这样的价值取向能代表人类建筑演进的必然方向吗?A. ①④②⑤③B.①②⑤④③C. ④②⑤③①D.④①③⑤②6.中央电视台新址大楼(如图)在“2013年度高层建筑奖”评选中获得最高奖——全球最佳高层建筑奖;民间称之为“大裤衩”。

你对这座建筑有何看法?请结合本文相关阐述简要说明理由。

(4分)(二)阅读下文,完成7—12题。

(20分)失帽记余光中①2008 年的世界有不少重大的变化,其间有得有失。

这一年我自己年届八十,其间也得失互见:得者不少,难以细表,失者不多,却有一件难过至今。

我失去了一顶帽子。

②去年12 月中旬,香港中文大学图书馆为我八秩庆生,举办了书刊手稿展览,并邀我重回沙田去签书、演讲。

现场相当热闹,用媒体流行的说法,就是所谓人气颇旺。

联合书院更编印了一册精美的场刊,图文并茂地呈现我香港时期十一年,在学府与文坛的各种活动,题名《香港相思——余光中的文学生命》,在现场送给观众。

③演讲的听众多为学生,讲毕照例要签书,为了促使长龙蠕动得较快,签名也必须加速。

不过今日的粉丝不比往年,索签的要求高得多了:不但要你签书、签笔记本、签便条、签书包、签学生证,还要题上他的名字、他女友的名字,或者一句赠言,当然,日期也不能少。

一粉丝在桌前索签,另一粉丝却在你椅后催你抬头、停笔、对准众多相机里的某一镜头,与他合影。

笑容尚未收起,而夹缝之中又有第三只手伸来,要你放下一切,跟他‚交手‛。

④这时你必须全神贯注,以免出错。

你想喝茶,却鞭长莫及。

你想脱衣,却匀不出手。

你内急己久,早应泄洪,却不容你抽身疾退。

这时,你真难身外分身,来护笔、护表、护稿、扶杯。

主办人焦待于漩涡之外,不知该纵容或呵止炒热了的粉丝。

⑤其实,那天听众之盛况不能算怎么拥挤,但也足以令我穷于应付,心神难专。

等到曲终人散,又急于赶赴晚宴,不遑检视手提包及背袋,代提的主人又川流不息,始终无法定神查看。

餐后走到户外,准备上车,天寒风起,需要戴帽,连忙逐袋寻找。

这才发现,我的帽子不见了。

⑥事后几位主人回去现场,又向接送的车中寻找,都不见帽子踪影。

我存①和我,夫妻俩像侦探,合力苦思,最后确见那帽子是在何时,何地,所以应该排除在某地、某时失去的可能,诸如此类过程。

机场话别时,我仍不死心,还谆谆嘱咐,如果寻获,务必寄回高雄给我。

半个月后,他们把我因‚积重难返‛而留下的奖牌、赠书、礼品等等寄到台湾。

包裹层层解开,真相揭晓,那顶可怜的帽子,终于是丢定了。

⑦仅仅为了一顶帽子,无论有多贵或是多罕见,本来也不会令我如此大惊小怪。

但是那顶帽子不是我买来的,也不是他人送的,而是我身为人子继承得来的。

那是我父亲生前戴过的,后来成了他身后的遗物,我存整理时所发现,不忍径弃,就说动我且戴起来。

果然正合我头,而且款式潇洒,毛色可亲,就一直戴下去了。

⑧那顶帽子呈扁楔形,前低后高,由后脑斜压向前额,有优雅的缓缓坡度,戴在我的头上,有欧洲名士的超逸,不止一次赢得研究所女弟子的青睐。

但帽内的乾坤,只有我自知冷暖,天气愈寒,尤其风大,帽内就愈加温暖,仿佛父亲的手掌正护在我头上,掌心对着脑门。

毕竟,同样的这一顶温暖曾经覆盖过父亲,如今移爱到我的头上,恩佑两代,不愧是父子相传的忠厚家臣。

⑨回顾自己的前半生,有幸集双亲之爱,才有今日之我。

当年父亲爱我,应该不逊于母亲。

记忆中父亲从来没打过我,甚至也从未对我疾言厉色,所以绝非什么严父。

不过父子之间始终也不亲热。

小时他倒是常对我讲论圣贤之道,勉励我要立志立功。

长夏的蝉声里,倒是有好几次父子俩坐在一起看书:他靠在躺椅上看《纲鉴易知录》,我坐在小竹凳上看《三国演义》。

冬夜的桐油灯下,他更多次为我启蒙,苦口婆心引领我进入古文的世界,点醒了我的汉魄唐魂。

张良啦,魏征啦,太史公啦,韩愈啦,都是他介绍我初识的。

⑩后来做父亲的渐渐老了,做儿子的长大了,各忙各的,父子交集不多。

自中年起他就因关节病苦于脚痛,时发时歇,晚年更因青光眼近于失明。

许多年来,父亲的病情与日常起居,幸有我存悉心照顾,并得我岳母操劳陪伴。

身为他亲生的独子,我却未能经常省视侍疾,想到50 年前在台大医院的加护病房,母亲临终时的泪眼,谆谆叮嘱‚爸爸你要好好照顾‛,实在愧疚无已。

父亲和母亲鹣鲽情深,是我前半生的幸福所赖。

母亲逝于53 岁,长她十岁的父亲,尽管亲友屡来劝婚,却终不再娶,鳏夫的寂寞守了34 年,享年,还是忍年,97 岁。

⑪可怜的老人,以风烛之年独承失明与痛风之苦,又不能看报看电视以遣忧,只有一架古董收音机喋喋为伴。

暗淡的孤寂中,他能想些什么呢?除了亡妻和历历的或是渺渺的往事。

除了独子为什么不常在身边。

而即使在身边时,也从未陪他久聊一会儿,更从未握他的手或紧紧拥抱住他的病躯。

⑫长寿的代价,是沧桑。

⑬所以在遗物之中竟还保有他常戴的帽子,无异是继承了最重要的遗产。

父亲在世,我对他爱得不够,而孺慕耿耿也始终未能充分表达。

想必他深心一定感到遗憾,而自他去后,我遗憾更多。

幸而还留下这么一顶帽子,未随碑石俱冷,尚有余温,让我戴上,幻觉未尽的父子之情,并未告终,幻觉依靠这灵媒之介,犹可贯通阴阳,串连两代,一时还不致径将上一个戴帽人完全淡忘。

这一份与父共帽的心情,说得高些,是感恩,说得重些,是赎罪。

不幸,连最后的这一点凭借竟也都失去,令人悔恨。

⑭寒流来时,风势助威,我站在岁末的风中,倍加畏冷。

对不起,父亲。

对不起,母亲。

2009 年l 月28 日【注】①我存:余光中之妻范我存。

7.第①段为什么从“2008年的世界有不少重大的变化”写起?(2分)8.从第②段到第⑥段,作者整整用了五段文字详写失帽原因及经过。

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