美国野牛镍币课件
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Translation:
此前一直是白人被用作美国镍币上 的模特，而著名的艺术家詹姆斯· 厄 尔· 弗雷泽却反传统而行之，起用了 三名真正的美洲印第安人作为自己 创作的原型。
1
2
3
Para 14
1
For the buffalo on the other side, since buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands, Fraser was forced to sketch an aging 2 buffalo from New York City's Central Park Zoo. Two years later, in 1915, this animal was sold for $100 and killed for meat, a hide, and a wall decoration made from its 3 horns.
Translation:
1
由于大草原上不再有野牛漫步，弗雷 泽为了镍币另一面上的野牛，只好到纽 约中央公园的动物园里素描一只老野牛。 2 两年后，即1915年，此牛以100美元的 价格售出，然后被宰杀取肉、剥皮，牛 角制成了墙上的装饰品。
3
讲解 景培芳 PPT: 李婧 查找资料：乔雪丽 鹿警支 陈一伟
目录
Vocabulary
Text
Introduction
1
buffalo tragຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidudy
n.[C] 野牛 Buffaloes migrated across the plains.野牛迁徙过 平原。 n.1. [C, U] a terrible event that causes great sadness 悲剧；不幸 2 The pilot stopped a tragedy when he succeeded in preventing the plane from crashing.驾驶员成 功地避免了飞机的坠毁，从而避免了一场悲剧。
Translation:
1
今天，美国的硬币都用来纪念美国政府 的杰出人物，其中大部分是著名的前总 2 统。但1913至1938年间发行的野牛镍币， 却是为了纪念由美国拓居引起的两起相 互关联的悲剧──野牛群的灭绝和美洲印 第安人的毁灭。
3
Para 13
1
While white people had previously been used as models for most American 2 coins, famed artist James Earle Fraser went against tradition by using three actual American Indians as models for his creation.
2. (~s) the limit of what is known about sth. 前沿； 尖端 Many scientists enjoy the excitement of working at the frontiers of knowledge. 许多科学家喜欢在知识领域的前沿探索时的那种兴 3 奋感。
1 destruction n.[U] the act of destroying or state of being
destroyed 破坏；毁坏 the destruction of the forest by fire 火灾对森林的破坏 decoration n.1. [C] sth. that is used to decorate sth. else 装饰品 2 The only decoration in the room was a picture above the fireplace.房间里唯一的 装饰品是挂在壁炉上方的那幅画。 2. [U] the act or art of decorating 装饰；装 饰艺术 He is an expert on Islamic decoration.他是 3 位伊斯兰装饰艺术的专家。
1
But the Buffalo nickel, produced from 1913 to 1938, honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier—the destruction of the buffalo herds 2 and the American Indians. (Para. 12) 2 Meaning: But the Buffalo nickel, which was produced from 1913 to 1938, honored two tragedies—the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians—which were closely connected and took place as the result of the settlement of the American frontier. 3
place to live there 移民；拓居 the settlement of 1 the American West美国西部的移民
frontier
2. [C, U] an agreement that ends an argument 决 定；协议 Following the settlement of the strike, the train service is now back to normal. 在罢工问题解决之后，铁路交通现在已恢复正常。 n.1. (the ~) an area where people have never 2 lived before, esp. in the western US before the 20th century （尤指20世纪前美国西部的）边远地 区 Heavy fighting took place last night at the frontier.昨晚在边境上发生了激战。
Para 12
1
Today, American coins honor prominent figures of the US government—mostly famous former presidents. But the Buffalo nickel, 2 produced from 1913 to 1938, honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier— the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians. 3
2. [C] a serious play that has a sad ending 悲剧 作品 In most classical tragedies, the solution was death.在大部分古典悲剧中，死即矛盾之解决。
3
settlement n.1. [U] the movement of a new population into a
herd
n.[C] a large group of animals of the same 1 type which live and feed together 牧群 The herd are scattered over the hills. 牧群散布在群山上。 horn n.1. [C] a hard, pointed, often curved part that grows from the top of the heads of some animals （牛、羊等的）角 2 A mature cow has horns. 成熟的母牛有一对角。 2. [C] a device for sounding a warning signal 喇叭；号角 The bus driver sounded his horn at the children in the street.公共汽车驾驶员向街上 3 的孩子们鸣喇叭。
1
For the buffalo on the other side, since buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands, Fraser was forced to sketch an aging buffalo from New York City's Central Park Zoo. (Para. 14) 2 Meaning: In order to have the buffalo for the other side of the coin, Fraser had to go to New York City's Central Park Zoo and draw a picture of an aging buffalo, because buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands. (Their number was severely 3 reduced.)
Translation:
此前一直是白人被用作美国镍币上 的模特，而著名的艺术家詹姆斯· 厄 尔· 弗雷泽却反传统而行之，起用了 三名真正的美洲印第安人作为自己 创作的原型。
1
2
3
Para 14
1
For the buffalo on the other side, since buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands, Fraser was forced to sketch an aging 2 buffalo from New York City's Central Park Zoo. Two years later, in 1915, this animal was sold for $100 and killed for meat, a hide, and a wall decoration made from its 3 horns.
Translation:
1
由于大草原上不再有野牛漫步，弗雷 泽为了镍币另一面上的野牛，只好到纽 约中央公园的动物园里素描一只老野牛。 2 两年后，即1915年，此牛以100美元的 价格售出，然后被宰杀取肉、剥皮，牛 角制成了墙上的装饰品。
3
讲解 景培芳 PPT: 李婧 查找资料：乔雪丽 鹿警支 陈一伟
目录
Vocabulary
Text
Introduction
1
buffalo tragຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidudy
n.[C] 野牛 Buffaloes migrated across the plains.野牛迁徙过 平原。 n.1. [C, U] a terrible event that causes great sadness 悲剧；不幸 2 The pilot stopped a tragedy when he succeeded in preventing the plane from crashing.驾驶员成 功地避免了飞机的坠毁，从而避免了一场悲剧。
Translation:
1
今天，美国的硬币都用来纪念美国政府 的杰出人物，其中大部分是著名的前总 2 统。但1913至1938年间发行的野牛镍币， 却是为了纪念由美国拓居引起的两起相 互关联的悲剧──野牛群的灭绝和美洲印 第安人的毁灭。
3
Para 13
1
While white people had previously been used as models for most American 2 coins, famed artist James Earle Fraser went against tradition by using three actual American Indians as models for his creation.
2. (~s) the limit of what is known about sth. 前沿； 尖端 Many scientists enjoy the excitement of working at the frontiers of knowledge. 许多科学家喜欢在知识领域的前沿探索时的那种兴 3 奋感。
1 destruction n.[U] the act of destroying or state of being
destroyed 破坏；毁坏 the destruction of the forest by fire 火灾对森林的破坏 decoration n.1. [C] sth. that is used to decorate sth. else 装饰品 2 The only decoration in the room was a picture above the fireplace.房间里唯一的 装饰品是挂在壁炉上方的那幅画。 2. [U] the act or art of decorating 装饰；装 饰艺术 He is an expert on Islamic decoration.他是 3 位伊斯兰装饰艺术的专家。
1
But the Buffalo nickel, produced from 1913 to 1938, honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier—the destruction of the buffalo herds 2 and the American Indians. (Para. 12) 2 Meaning: But the Buffalo nickel, which was produced from 1913 to 1938, honored two tragedies—the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians—which were closely connected and took place as the result of the settlement of the American frontier. 3
place to live there 移民；拓居 the settlement of 1 the American West美国西部的移民
frontier
2. [C, U] an agreement that ends an argument 决 定；协议 Following the settlement of the strike, the train service is now back to normal. 在罢工问题解决之后，铁路交通现在已恢复正常。 n.1. (the ~) an area where people have never 2 lived before, esp. in the western US before the 20th century （尤指20世纪前美国西部的）边远地 区 Heavy fighting took place last night at the frontier.昨晚在边境上发生了激战。
Para 12
1
Today, American coins honor prominent figures of the US government—mostly famous former presidents. But the Buffalo nickel, 2 produced from 1913 to 1938, honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier— the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians. 3
2. [C] a serious play that has a sad ending 悲剧 作品 In most classical tragedies, the solution was death.在大部分古典悲剧中，死即矛盾之解决。
3
settlement n.1. [U] the movement of a new population into a
herd
n.[C] a large group of animals of the same 1 type which live and feed together 牧群 The herd are scattered over the hills. 牧群散布在群山上。 horn n.1. [C] a hard, pointed, often curved part that grows from the top of the heads of some animals （牛、羊等的）角 2 A mature cow has horns. 成熟的母牛有一对角。 2. [C] a device for sounding a warning signal 喇叭；号角 The bus driver sounded his horn at the children in the street.公共汽车驾驶员向街上 3 的孩子们鸣喇叭。
1
For the buffalo on the other side, since buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands, Fraser was forced to sketch an aging buffalo from New York City's Central Park Zoo. (Para. 14) 2 Meaning: In order to have the buffalo for the other side of the coin, Fraser had to go to New York City's Central Park Zoo and draw a picture of an aging buffalo, because buffalo no longer wandered about the great grasslands. (Their number was severely 3 reduced.)