既有桥梁的检测与评估

西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文第l页

摘要

1日桥的原设计标准偏低、结构构件老化、各种材料强度降低，早已是世界各国普遍关注的问题。如何检测评定在役桥梁的承载能力和安全度，正确评估结构物的损伤程度，合理地对桥梁进行加固维修，提高桥梁的可靠性已经引起全世界的关注。本文展开了以下几个方面的工作：

(1)介绍了既有桥梁的国内外现状及评估加固的研究情况，指出了既有桥梁检测评估与加固的目的与意义，并总结了检测加固理论，对未来的桥梁检测评定与技术加固提出了展望。

(2)具体分析了既有桥梁的主要病害机理与特点，针对病害提出了具体检测方法，并对桥梁的动、静载试验的理论及实际应用进行了探讨，建立并积累了各项技术资料。

(3)详细阐述了桥梁结构常用评估方法的基本思路及特点，判断结构的安全承载能否力和使用条件评价，为进行桥梁的修复加固提供可靠依据。

(4)对桥梁加固技术的方法与应用进行分析与对比，在对桥梁结构病害检测分析和鉴定评估的基础上，根据技术经济条件和使用要求，有针对性地提出恰当的方案。

(5)以南河大桥为例，对该桥进行全面检测与病害分析，根据现场检测与荷载试验结果进行技术状况等级评定，并提出了维修加固建议，可为其他桥梁的检测评定与加固提供借鉴。

关键词：检测；荷载试验；评估；加固

西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文第l|页

Ab stract

It is a world—wide issue that previous design criteria and standards for existing bridges are lower with a time increase．At the same time，structural aging and the decline of structural materials have attracted more attentions．The major concern of bridge assessment includes how to rate load—carrying capacity and safety of existing bridges，how to correctly assess the structural damage，how to rationally strengthen and maintain bridges，and how to improve the reliability of

existing bridges．This thesis attempts to present five aspects as follows：

(1) Introduce the research development for bridge assessment and strengthening in China and other countries all over the world．The theory of assessment and strengthening are concluded based on the introduction，and the future of research for bridge assessment and strengthening is present．

(2)Detailed analyze the main disease mechanism and the characteristic of existing bridges，and propose a concrete inspection method．A discussion is

presented based on the theories of dynamic and static load tests and their applications．Various technical database and materials are collected．

(3)Elaborate the regular methods and their applications in bridge assessment．

The load-carrying capacity and service condition of existing bridges are evaluated to provide reliable suggestions for bridge maintain and strengthening．

(4)A comparison is made between the methods and their applications of bridge strengthening．After the assessment of damage of bridge inspection，a proper

strategy is proposed accordingly based on the technical condition and service requirement．

(5)By taking Nanhe Bridge as an example，a comprehensive inspection and damage analysis are conducted．The bridge condition rating is given based on the field inspection and load tests．Then the strategies of maintenance and

for this bridge，which can be taken as valuable strengthening are proposed

for similar types of bridge．

suggestions

Key words：Detection；load test；assessment；strengthening．