郑州大学西亚斯学院2011-2012学年第二学期期末试卷
2011-2012学年度第二学期期末考试七年级英语试卷及答案解析
期末综合测试（三）第一节1.It’s cloudy today.2.The restaurant is next to a bank.3.Snow stops! Let’s go out to make snowmen.4.Molly’s eyes are big and her hair is short.5.Do you like to climb mountains?第二节6.Is there a hospital near here?7.What does your mother look like?8.What’s the weather like in summer?9.Do you like watching TV or playing games?10.W hat’s the boy doing now?第三节11.W: What are you doing?M: I’m washing clothes for my parents.12.M: Do you know the singer on TV?W: Yes, he is so handsome.13.W: Where is the post office?M: It’s behind the hospital.14.M: What are you doing, Anna?W: I’m reading newspapers, Grandfather.M: It’s sunny today. Let’s go to have a walk.15.M: May I speak to Jane?W: This is Jane. Who is that?M: I’m Mike. It’s sunny and warm today. Would you like to go to the zoo with me?W: Sure. Let’s meet at the gate of the zoo.第四节I’m Joe. It’s raining outside now. My family are all at home. My grandparents are watching TV. My mother is cleaning the room and my father is reading a newspaper. My brother is doing his homework and he studies very well. My sister is listening to a CD. She likes singing very much and she wants to be a singer. What am I doing? I am playing computer games. It’s very interesting. It’s 12:00. But we don’t have meals. We have to buy some food to eat. When it’s sunny, we will go tothe supermarket.1-5 CBBAC 6-10 ACABA 11-15 CAACC 16-20 CCABA。
2011—2012学年度下期期末考试
2011—2012学年度下期期末考试高中一年级语文参考答案一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）1.C（理解错误。
原文只是说“似乎．．．．．．．任何论文”，C项将原．．超过了迄今为止支持这种观点的文中不确定的判断变为肯定的判断，有限的范围变成了无限制的范围）2.C（A项分析有误，原文中说这一结果“可能表明，未来几十年里极端天气将带来更大的隐患”，而不是这一结果“会导致极端天气频频发生”；B项因果关系不当，水循环加剧的原因是全球变暖，不是“海洋表面盐度变化”，后者只是水循环加剧带来的结果； D项理解有误，原文说“对于海洋上空水分蒸发和降雨量的测量是断断续续的”，而不是“海洋上空水分蒸发和降雨是断断续续的”）3.D（“几年之后这一难题将会因……而得到解决”在原文中缺乏依据）二、古代诗文阅读（34分）（一）文言文阅读（19分）4.B（A，发放/动手、起事；B，谨：形容词作动词，重视、认真办理；C修缮、修筑/使……完好无损；D，给，发给/和）5. B（①是在饥荒发生之前的作为，用以表现赵公对可能发生的灾害的预见性以及防患于未然的准备工作。
⑥不属于“措施”，主要用以表现赵公舍己为人、大公无私的精神）6. C（赵公并未因此遭受处分）7.（10分）（1）这时（或“当时”），旱灾瘟疫遍及．．（“覆盖”、“延及”或其它意义相近的词也可）吴越一带，百姓遭受饥荒瘟疫，死去的近．（“将近”、“大概”、“几乎”或其它意义相近的词语也可）一半，灾情没有比这更大．．．．的了。
（共5分；“被”“殆”“巨于此”各1分，大意2分）（2）单于派卫律审理．．（或“处理”）这一案件。
张胜听到这个消息，担心他和虞常以前私下所说的话被揭发．．．．（“情况”、“事情”、．．．（“被揭露”、“被告发”等近义词均可），便把事情经过“原委”等近义词均可）告诉了苏武。
（共5分；“治”“发”“状”各1分，大意2分）（二）古代诗歌阅读（9分）8.该联寓情于景（“融情入景”、“借景写情”、“情景交融”等均可）。
2011~2012学年度第二学期期末考试
A. can; mustn’tB. must; canC. can; can’t D. may;mustn’tight.
------Could you phone a bit later? I______dinner then.
A. that ; that B. which ; which C. which ; when D. that ; which
28. She didn’t ask her boyfriend to buy her a car. ____________, she bought one for him.
3. What doesthe woman mean?
A. The air was polluted yesterday. B. She might not go backpacking tomorrow.
C. The man should listen to the weather report.
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
17. Why didn’t people think about environment-protecting in the past?
A. There were few people and a lot of resources.
B. There were no factories and people ate vegetables mainly.
20. How many “If” are suggested by the speaker?
A .Three B. Four C.Five
11-12年第二学期XX学院大一期末试卷A(同名28085)
XX学院2011 －2012 学年第2 学期期末考试试卷(专科)拟题人签名系主任签名课程名称：读写卷别：A 评分：Part I: Words and Structures ( 30%)Section A (1*10=10)Directions: In this section, there are 10 English（Chinese）words. You are required to write down the corresponding Chinese (English) meaning of each word or phrase.1. display2. document3. isolation4. lifestyle5. cancel6.推迟,延迟（v.）7.十年8. 专家9.主人,东道主10. 追溯到Section B (1*10=10)Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. Y ou are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C), andD). Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with black.11. We will not start the project before he ________back from the United States..A. is to comeB. comesC. is comingD. will come12. _________, he has been exposed to different cultures for the reason that he travels a lot. .A. As he is youngB. Young as he isC. Is young he asD. As young is he13. She could do nothing but ________ for the doctor at that time. .A. to waitB. waitingC. waitD. to waiting14. Now many people have trouble ___________.A. sleepB. asleepC. sleepingD. slept15. Helen insisted that we _________ the meeting.A. attendB. may attendC. attendedD. must attend16. It is _______ a difficult problem ________ nobody can find a solution to it.A. so , thatB. such , thatC. so , asD. such , as17. He gave up his job _______ for his family and for himself.A. bothB. allC. muchD. little18. He saved the drowning child at the _______ of his own life..A. priceB. costC. valueD. expense19. It’s high time we _______ the problem .A. discussB. would discussC. discussedD. should discuss20. ________ a good teacher, she passed the exam.A. Thank toB. Thank forC. Thanks toD. Thanks forSection C (1*10=10)Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in the brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.21. Anything that is _______ (urgently) must be attended to immediately.22. The loss of 100 lives in the earthquake was a great _______ (disastrous).23. He became highly experienced in international _________ (diplomatic).24. The police have not _______ (capture) the thief yet.25. He ________ (confine) to the house by illness.26. This farmhouse is the _________ (property) of Mr. Jones.27. Members must ________ (produce) their cards before they enter the club.28. There is a _________ (lack) of people who want to start up their new business.29. Mr. Mandela took a ______ (shorten) break before resuming his schedule.30. At that meeting, they worked out a plan in great ________ (detailed).Part II: Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 4 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1 (2*5=10)Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 31 through 35. You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.The cost of medical care in the United States is very high. One reason is that the medical education will cost a lot of time and money.A visit to a doctor’s office costs from fifteen to fifty dollars. It is almost impossible for people to pay for the medical care they need. Many people in the United States think that doctors are overpaid. Most doctors, however, disagree. They say that they were required to study medicine for a long time. Tuition for many years of medical education costs a lot of money. Doctors say that it is necessary for most medical students to borrow money from bank to pay their tuition. Because their money must be repaid to the bank, young doctors need to receive a lot of money for their work. So, they charge people high prices for medical care.Therefore, it is possible that the high cost of medical care in America is unnecessary, because hightuition is one cause of high costs. One way to lower costs would be to make medical schools free or have low tuition.31. The word “tuition” in the passage probably refers to ___________A.the price to see a doctorB.studying the coursesC.payment for educationD.living at school32.The reason for the high medical cost told in the passage is that ____________A.tuition in medical school is highB. the price of medicine is highC. doctors are overpaidD. doctors must pay money to the banks33. One way to lower the cost of medical care would be ______________A.not to see a doctorB.to pay doctors less moneyC.to let medical students have free or partly free medical educationD.to forbid doctors to ask their patients for too much money34. The main idea of the article is that _______________A. a visit to a doctor’s office may cost as much as $15 to $50 in the USAB.the cost of medical care is the main reason for the high costs in the USAC.medical care in the USA costs a lot of money because doctors want to be richD.the high cost of tuition in medical schools is one reason for the high cost of medical care inAmerica35.The cost of medical care in the United States is very high. What does the writer think about it?A. He agrees that doctors are overpaid.B. He thinks it is a big problem and suggests a way to settle it.C. He doesn’t think the medical students should borrow money from banks.D. He doesn’t think it necessary for the medical students to study for a long time.Task 2 (2*5=10)Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Tea is a popular drink around the world. But tea does not mean the same thing to everyone. In different countries people have very different ideas about drinking tea.In China ,for example, tea is always served when people get together. The Chinese drink it at any time of the day at home or in teahouse. They prefer their tea plain, with nothing else in it.Tea is also important in Japan. The Japanese have a special way of serving tea called a tea ceremony. It is very old and full of meaning. Everything must be done in a special way in the ceremony. There is even a special room for in Japan.Another tea-drinking country is England. In England, the late afternoon is “teatime”. Almost everyone has a cup of tea then. The England people usually make tea in a teapot and drink it with milk and sugar. They also eat cakes, cookies and little sandwiches at teatime.In the Unite States people have a tea mostly for breakfast or after meals. Americans usually use tea-bags to make their tea. Tea-bags are faster and easier than making tea in teapot. In summer, many Americans drink cold tea—“iced tea”. Sometimes they drink iced tea from cans, like soda.36.The passage is about _______A.why tea is importantB.the teatime in EnglandC.different ways of drinking teaD.Chinese tea37.Tea is popular ________A.all around the worldB.only in the USAC.only in English-speaking countriesD.in Asian countries38.The Chinese often have a tea _________A.for breakfastB.when they get togetherC.only in teahousesD.in a special ceremony39.The English like to ________A.drink their tea in a special roomB.have tea with dinnerC.eat cakes and cookies with their teaD.drink their tea plain40.Iced tea is popular ________A.in winterB.in EnglandC.for breakfastD.in the USATask 3 (2*5=10)Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Mark was walking home from school one day when he saw the boy in front of him fall over and drop all of the books he was carrying, along with two sweaters, a basketball and a walkman. Mark stopped and helped the boy pick up these things. Since they were going the same way, he helped to carry some of his things. As they walked, Mark knew that the boy’s name was Bill, that he loved computer games, basketball and history. He was having lots of troubles with his other subjects and had just broken up with his girlfriend.They arrived at Bill’s home first and Mark was invited in for a Coke and to watch some televisions. The afternoon passed happily with a few laughs and some small talk, then Mark went home. They often saw each other at school, had lunch together once or twice, and then they both finished middle school. They ended up in the same high school where they sometimes saw and talked with each other over the years. At last just three weeks before they finished high school, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.Bill asked Mark if he still remembered the day years ago when they had first met. “Did you ever think why I was carrying so many things home that day?”asked Bill. “You see, I cleaned out my locker because I didn’t want to leave anything for anyone else. I had put away some of my mother’s sleeping pills and I was going home to kill myself. But after we spent some time together talking and laughing, I began to understand that if I killed myself, I would have missed that time and so many others that might follow. So you see, Mark , when you picked up those books that day, you did a lot more. You saved my life.”41.When Mark met Bill the first time, Bill was going _________A.to have a basketball gameB.to his classroomC.to see MarkD.back home42.From what Bill was carrying, we can know that he __________A.was a good studentB.liked sports and musicC.liked all the subjects in schoolD.was a good friend43.Mark and Bill ___________A.were in the same middle school and high schoolB.were in the same middle school but not in the same high schoolC.often had lunch together at schoolD. had known each other before they began to study in middle school44.In the passage, the phrase “ break up” means “________”A.相处很好B.和好如初C.关系破裂D.保持联系45.When Mark helped Bill to pick up some of his things, he ________A.knew he could save Bill’s lifeB.knew who Bill was and wanted to help himC.didn’t know why he was going to help himD.didn’t know what he was doing was very important to BillTask 4 (2*5=10)Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 41 through 45. You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what it is, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.Maybe that doesn’t sound very interesting. But when you’re joined to the Internet, there are lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW). There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people’s desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use them at any time.Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98%of the information of the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow?46.What is the passage mainly about?A.InternetrmationputerD.。
2011—2012学年下学期期末考试
第1页，共4页第2页，共4页2011—2012学年下学期期末考试高二物理试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分，考试时间为90分钟。
注意事项：1.在答题卷上填写考号和座位序号，姓名，并将考号涂黑；2.将答案写在答题卷对应题号上面，交卷时只交答题卷。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共48分）一、选择题（本题共有12个小题，在每小题给出的四个答案中，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个选项正确，全部选对的得分4分，选对但没选全的得2分，有选错的得0分）1、在物理学史上，奥斯特首先发现电流周围存在磁场。
随后，物理学家提出“磁生电”的闪光思想。
很多科学家为证实这种思想进行了十多年的艰苦研究，首先成功发现“磁生电”的物理学家是( ) A ．牛顿 B ．爱因斯坦 C ．法拉第 D ．霍金2．小萌家楼道灯的控制电路中接入了光传感器。
在天黑时，灯就亮；在天亮时，灯就熄灭。
这样天黑时，不管是否有人经过楼道，灯都是亮着的，白白浪费了宝贵的电能。
学了传感器后，小萌同学就试着改进楼道灯，以节约能源。
她设想在楼道灯控制电路中接入另一个传感器，在天黑时，出现声音灯才开启，这样便可节约大量电能。
你认为小萌应接入的传感器是( ) A ．温度传感器 B ．力传感器 C ．声传感器 D.以上说法都不对 3．如图所示，长直导线旁边同一平面内有一矩形线圈abcd ，导线中通有竖直向上的电流。
下列操作瞬间，能在线圈中产生沿adcba 方向电流的是( )A ．线圈向右平动B ．线圈竖直向下平动C ．线圈以ab 边为轴转动D ．线圈向左平动4．某交流发电机正常工作时，电动势e=E m sin ωt ，若将线框转速提高一倍，匝数提高一倍，其他条件不变，则电动势的变化规律是：（ ） e ’=E m sin ωt ； B ．e ’=4E m sin2ωt ； C ．e ’=2E m sin ωt ； D ．e ’=2E m sin2ωt 5．阻值为10Ω的电阻接到电压波形如图所示的交流电源上．以下说法中正确的是（ ） A ．电压的有效值为10V B ．通过电阻的电流有效值为22AC ．电阻消耗电功率为5WD ．电阻每秒种产生的热量为10J6、如图所示电路中，L 为电感线圈，电阻不计，A 、B 为两灯泡，则（ ） A ．合上S 时，A 先亮，B 后亮B ．合上S 时，A 、B 同时亮C ．合上S 后，A 变亮，B 熄灭D ．断开S 时，A 熄灭，B 重新亮后再熄灭 7．关于光电效应，下列说法正确的是( )A ．极限频率越大的金属材料逸出功越大B ．只要光照射的时间足够长，任何金属都能产生光电效应C ．从金属表面出来的光电子的最大初动能越大，这种金属的逸出功越小D ．入射光的光强一定时，频率越高，单位时间内逸出的光电子数就越多 8．如图所示是玻尔理论中氢原子的能级图，现让一束单色光 照射一群处于基态的氢原子，受激发的氢原子能自发地辐射出三种不同频率的光，则照射氢原子的单色光的光子能量为( )A ．13.6 eVB ．12.09 eVC ．10.2 eVD ．3.4 eV9．远距离输送一定功率的交变电流，若输电电压提高到原来的k 倍，则下列正确的是（ ）A ．输电导线的电功率损失不变；B ．输电导线的电压损失不变；C ．输电导线的电功率损失是原来的1/k 2；D ．输电导线的电压损失是原来的1/k 2； 10．关于天然放射现象，叙述正确的是( )A ．若使放射性物质的温度升高，其半衰期将减少B ．β衰变所释放的电子是原子核外的电子电离形成的C ．在α、β、γ这三种射线中，γ射线的穿透能力最强，α射线的电离能力最强D ．铀核(235 92U )衰变为铅核(20682Pb)的过程中，要经过8次α衰变和10次β衰变11．如图，是一交流电压随时间变化的图象，此交流电压的有效值等于（ ）V A 、B 、50C 、75D 、50第6题图第3页，共4页第4页，共4页12、图甲中理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数之比n1:n2=5:1，电阻R=20 Ω，L1、L 2为规格相同的两只小灯泡，S1为单刀双掷开关。
11-12第二学期初一期末参考答案
2011—2012学年第二学期期末测试卷初一英语参考答案一、1-4 CABC二、5-8 CBAC 9-14 BC CA BA三、15. 13/thirteen 16. teacher 17.stamps 18.interesting四、19-23 CBABB 24-28 BACBA 29-33 CBCAC 34-35 AA五、36-41 BCABDC六、A篇42-44 TFT B篇45-47 ABC C篇48-50 ADB D篇51-53 ACD七、54-57 CDAB八、58. Yes.(he did.)59. In 1898 (during the Qing Dynasty.)60. In Beijing.61. It’s about Lao She and his Teahouse.九、62.School subjects Describing personality Inventions Places of interestgeography 地理generous慷慨，大方camera摄像机museum博物馆science 科学intelligent聪明的television电视temple寺庙十、63.她擅长跳舞。
She is good at dancing.64.他找他的网球鞋。
He looks for his tennis shoes.65.汤姆每晚九点上床睡觉。
Tom goes to bed at 9 every night.66.请关掉电视。
Please turn off the TV.67.为什么不跟我们一起来？Why not /why don’t you come with us?68.你和你的同学相处的如何？How are you getting along/on with your classmates?十一、69. One possible version:We’re staying with my aunt and uncle. At the moment we are sitting in a restaurant. I am writing postcards and my cousin is calling his friend. Mum and Dad are taking photos. The weather’s terrible. It is raining and I’m bored. What is it like in Beijing? Is it raining there, too? What are you doing these days? 59words 第一档：（11~15分）完全符合题目要求，表达思想清楚且积极向上，内容丰富。
20112012学年度第二学期期末考试_2
2011—2012学年度第二学期期末考试七年级思想品德试题（友情提示：考试时间60分钟 满分100分）一、选择题（下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题意，请将正确答案的序号填在答题栏内相应的位置，每题 3分，共51分)1.2012年2月14日，2011年度国家最高科学技术奖励大会在北京人民大会堂举行。
获得2011年度国家最高科学技术奖的是 和 。
A.师昌绪 王振义B.谢家麟 吴良镛C.谢家麟 王振义D.师昌绪 吴良镛2.2012年2月1日，中央一号文件公布，题为《关于加快推进 持续增强农产品供给保障能力的若干意见》。
这是自2004年以来，中央连续发布的第9个以“三农”为主题的一号文件。
A.农业科技创新B.科技转化C.农民收入D.农业科技发展3.2012年3月28日，国务院第七次全体会议决定任命的香港特别行政区第四任行政长官是A.何俊仁B.唐英年C. 梁振英D.曾荫权青春期是“人生的花季”，它神秘、有朝气、充满活力；青春期是多彩的，同时又是矛盾的，青春期的我们正演绎着各自成长的故事。
据此回答4—8题，4.进入青春期的我们，要顺利度过这一美好时光，就要A.勇于正视、认真分析、积极解决青春期的矛盾B.回避青春期矛盾，快乐地享受生活C.拒绝父母的帮助和指导，因为我们已经具备成人意识和独立意识D.将自己的“秘密”藏起，不能向任何人诉说5.“追星”现象在我们青少年同学中是很普遍的。
下列对青少年“追星”的认识中不正确．．．的是 A.明星崇拜是青少年生理、心理发展到一定阶段常见的现象B.心中的偶像要尊重，但不可盲目崇拜C.追星有百害而无一利，我们要拒绝和远离“追星”现象D.我们可以从心中的偶像那里学习和借鉴有用的东西6.邓小平在会见原联邦德国总理科尔时说：“我一向乐观，天塌下来，我也不怕，因为有高个子顶着。
”这句话启示青春期的我们应当①保持乐观、开朗的良好心态 ②悦纳自己，认识自己的不足 ③以得到别人的尊重为基本原则 ④克服自卑心理，因为自卑不利于我们健康成长A.①②③B.②③④C.①③④D.①②④7.青春期到来之际，有些同学会出现心理闭锁现象。
河南省郑州市2011—2012学年度下期期末考试高二理科数学试卷及答案
2011—2012学年度下期期末考试高中二年级 理科数学 参考答案一、选择题 题号1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 答案 D A B D B A B C C A A C二、填空题13.0； 14.2π； 15.6； 16.2. 三、解答题17. 解：根据列联表中的数据，得到()()()()()()221326012654 2.316 2.072.666611418n ad bc k a b c d a c b d -⨯-⨯==≈>++++⨯⨯⨯ ……8分因此，可以认为有85℅的把握认为数学成绩与物理成绩有关. ……10分 18. 解：（Ⅰ）由11,a =且1(1,2,3,)1n n na a n a +==⋅⋅⋅+，得 234111,,.234a a a ===猜想1(1,2,3,).n a n n==⋅⋅⋅ ……6分（Ⅱ）因为11,a =且1(1,2,3,)1n n na a n a +==⋅⋅⋅+， 所以11111n n n n a a a a ++==+，即1111n na a +-=， 因此1n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是以111a =为首项，1为公差的等差数列， 故()111,n n n a =+-=即1(1,2,3,).n a n n ==⋅⋅⋅ ……12分19. 解：（Ⅰ）因为2200cos sin sin sin 01,2a xdx x πππ===-=⎰ (2)分 所以二项式22n a x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭，即212n x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式的各项系数和为243， 532433,n == 5.n =……4分该二项展开式的二项式系数和5232.= ……6分 （Ⅱ）5212x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式的通项是 ()()5251031551220,1,2,3,4,5.r r rr r r r T C x C x r x ---+⎛⎫=== ⎪⎝⎭……8分 根据题意，得10r r -==……10分因此，该二项展开式中4x 项的系数是2525280.C -= ……12分20．解：由题意知，随机变量ξ服从二项分布，即1(4,).3B ξ ……2分（Ⅰ）在4次射击中恰有2次射击成绩为10环的概率为 ()222411148216.339927P C ξ⎛⎫⎛⎫==⨯⨯-=⨯⨯= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭……4分（Ⅱ）记“在4次射击中至少有3次射击成绩为10环”为事件A ,则 ()()()()34344411113341.3339P A =P P P C C ξξξ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫≥==+==⨯⨯-+⨯= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭……8分（Ⅲ）因为1(4,),3B ξ所以144.33E ξ=⨯= ……12分21. 解：（Ⅰ）其它组的频率为（0.01+0.07+0.06+0.02）×5=0.8，所以第四组的频率为0.2，频率分布图如图：……3分（Ⅱ）依题意优秀与良好的人数比为3:2，所以采用分层抽样的方法抽取的5人中有优秀3人，良好2人，记从这5人中选2人至少有1人是优秀为事件A222519()1()11.1010C P A P A C ∴=-=-=-= …………6分 （Ⅲ）由频率分布直方图可知，第四组的人数为12人，第五组的人数为6人ξ的所有可能取值为0,1,2.21221822(0)51C P C ξ===，1112621824(1)51C C P C ξ===，262185(2).51C P C ξ=== …………10分 ξ∴的分布列为:ξ 0 1 2P2251 2451 551. ………………12分22. 解：（Ⅰ）()xb x f ='，()12-='ax x g ． ∵曲线()x f 与()x g 在公共点()0,1A 处有相同的切线， ∴ ()()1ln10,110,2 1.f b g a b a ==⎧⎪=-=⎨⎪=-⎩， 解得，1,1.a b =⎧⎨=⎩…………………3分（Ⅱ）设()00,P x y ，则由题设有0200ln x ax x -=， … ①又在点P 有共同的切线，∴()()000020011''212x f x g x ax a x x +=⇒=-⇒=代入①得 .2121ln 00x x -=. ………5分设()x x x h 2121ln +-=，则()()1102h x x x '=+>， ∴()x h 在()+∞,0上单调递增，所以 ()h x ＝0最多只有1个实根，从而，结合（Ⅰ）可知，满足题设的点P 只能是()1,0P . …………………7分（Ⅲ）当0>a ，1=b 时，()x x f ln =，()x x f 1='， 曲线()x f 在点()t t ln ，处的切线方程为()t x t t y -=-1ln ，即1ln 1-+=t x ty ． 由21ln 1,,y x t t y ax x ⎧=+-⎪⎨⎪=-⎩得 01ln 112=+-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-t x t ax ． ∵ 曲线()x f 与()x g 总存在公切线，∴ 关于t ()0>t 的方程()01ln 4112=-+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=∆t a t ， 即()t a t ln 14112-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+ ()*总有解． ………………9分若e t >，则0ln 1<-t ，而0112>⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+t ，显然()*不成立，所以 e t <<0．………10分从而，方程()*可化为 ()()t t t a ln 11422-+=．令()()()t t t t h ln 1122-+=()e t <<0， 则()()()()23ln 11ln 21t t t t t t h --++='． ∴ 当10<<t 时，()0<'t h ；当e t <<1时，()0>'t h ，即 ()t h 在()1,0上单调递减，在()e ,1上单调递增．∴()t h 在()e ,0的最小值为()41=h ， 所以，要使方程()*有解，只须44≥a ，即1≥a ．所以正实数a 的最小值为1. …………………12分。
2011-2012年第二学期英语期末考试试卷
2011-2012年第二学期期末考试英语试卷满分100分考试时间120分钟一、单项选择（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to my disability.A、used toB、adapt toC、live withD、know2、My life is a lot easier at high school because my students have accepted me.A、goodB、followC、fellowD、best3、I have to work hard to live a normal life it has been worth it.A、butB、thatC、howeverD、so4、He was tall and handsome smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression never changed.A、ofB、atC、withD、over5、As a Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant.A、factB、favourC、happinessD、way6、—Is this ruler?—No. is over there.A、her; HerB、her; HersC、hers; HersD、hers; Her7、She fell off a ladder and even though Tony was in the next room, he managed to catch her .A、on timeB、sometimesC、in timeD、time over8、Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no of doing experiments.A、ideaB、conceptC、understandingD、knowledge9、To be honest, I doubt I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.A、whetherB、whatC、howD、why10、Tombe's mother, Kiak,had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying "ieee ieee".A、whoseB、whatC、whoD、whom11、—I hope you’ll have a good journey.—.A、Well doneB、Don’t mention itC、CertainlyD、Thank you very much 12、.---Would you mind my sitting next to you?—_ .A、No,of course not.B、No,you can’t.C、Y es,please.D、Y es,go ahead.13、It was the time she had ever left her motherland.A、oneB、mostC、firstD、big14、Y ou have to get used to a whole new way of life, can take up all your concentration in the beginning.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、it15、many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. , some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.A、soB、thatC、howD、however16、Japanese farmers began arriving in California the beginning of the 20th century.A、onB、inC、byD、at17、If it is dark, the lights, please.A、pick upB、look atC、turn onD、play with18、---- do you play football?-----Once a week.A、How muchB、How longC、How oftenD、How far19、After the biggest earthquake took place in Japan, the international rescuers devoted all their energies to searching for survivors but ___________ they found only several bodies.A、immediatelyB、especiallyC、curiouslyD、Unfortunately20、_________ the fact that the old cars could not go as fast as modern ones, people still watched the race with a great deal of pleasure and excitement.A、Thanks toB、DespiteC、As far asD、Although二、完型填空（本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）I was 16 when I began work in June 1902 at the whaling station. I had heard21 the killers that everyyear helped whalers catch huge whales. I thought, at the time, 22this was just a story but then I 23 it with my own eyes many times.On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was I sorting out my' accommodation, I heard a loud noise 24 from the bay. We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing 25out of the water and then crashing down again. It was black and white and fish-shaped. But I knew it wasn't a 26."That's Old Tom, the killer," one of the whalers, George, called out to me. "He'stelling us there's a whale out there for us."Another whaler 27out, "Rush-oo ...rush-oo." This was the 28that announced there was 29to be a whale hunt."Come on, Clancy. To the boat," George said as he ran ahead of me. I had already heard that George didn't like being kept 30 , so even though I didn't have第 1 页共 4 页第 2 页 共 4 页the 31 clothes on, I raced after him.Without 32 we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay . I looked down 33 the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat, 34 us the way . A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, 35 back to the boat, leading us to the hunt again.Using a telescope we could see that 36 was happening. As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a 37 of about six other killers."What're they doing?" I asked George."Well, it's teamwork - the killers over there are throwing themselves on top of the whale's blow-hole to stop it breathing. And those others are stopping it 38 or fleeing out to sea," George told me, pointing towards the hunt. And just at that 39 , the most extraordinary thing happened. The killers started racing between our boat and the whale just like a pack of excited 40 . 21. A. that B. of C. at D. from 22. A. of B. about C. that D.\ 23. A. witnessed B .saw C. watch D. find 24. A. coming B. come C. comes D. came 25. A. it B. itself C. that D. him 26. A. dog B. killer C. thing D. fish 27. A. called B. cry C. call D. yelled 28. A. sign B. signal C. call D. voice29. A. about B. will C. already D. had 30. A. wait B. waited C. waiting D. to wait 31. A. good B. small C. expensive D. right32. A. think B. pause C. thinking D. pausing 33. A. Out of B. in C. into D. at 34. A. showing B. show C. showed D. to show 35. A. swim B. swimming C. circling D. circled 36. A. nothing B. something C. it D. that 37. A. bag B. lot C. team D. pack 38. A. dive B. diving C.to dive D. Being dived 39. A. way B. moment C. place D. while 40. A. dogs B. things C. fishes D. killers三、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）AThere once lived in China a very foolish king （国王）and queen （王后）. One day the queen had a baby daughter. When they saw theirbaby, they both cried out, “My goodness! How small it is! It’s hairless and toothless! It’s a monster!” They sent for all the doctors in thecountry and ordered them to prepare some medicine for her.“When she drinks your medicine, she must grow to the right size and have hair and teeth,” the king said, “If you don’t do this, you’llhave a beating.”The doctors thought it impossible, but they dared not say anything against the king’s order. Just then and old doctor stepped forward.“Oh, we shall certainly obey your order,” he said, “but it takes time. We have to dig a mineral from the KunLun Mountains when the snowmelts(融化) for the second time. The snow melts on those mountains only once in six years. So we need twelve years.”At last the king agreed and the doctors took away the little princess. On her twelfth birthday, they brought her back to her parents withlong black hair and beautiful teeth. The king and queen were very happy and gave the doctors expensive presents.41.Which of the following words makes the sentence untrue? The baby was ______.A. ToothlessB. hairlessC. unusualD. small42.The doctors would be beaten if ______.A. the baby daughter didn’t drink their medicineB. they refused to obey the king’s orderC. the baby daughter grew to the right sizeD. the baby daughter became a monster 43.The old doctor wanted to keep the king ’s daughter for twelve years because ______.A. they needed a lot of different plantsB. they need a lot of different mineralsC. this would give the baby time to grow upD. they had to dig a mineral the snow melted for the second time44.The doctors thought it impossible ______.A. for them to change the king’s orderB. for them the prepare the medicine in twelve yearsC. for the small baby to drink the medicineD. for them to make the baby have teeth and hair or grow teeth at once45. ______ the king wouldn ’t have given them expensive presents.A. Had the doctors not brought back a beautiful girlB. If the doctors hadn’t found the mineralsC. Had the doctors not been able to prepare the magic medicineD. If the daughter were still a monster twelve years laterB第 3 页 共 4 页Fire can help people in many ways. But can also be very harmful. Fire can heat water, warm your houses, give light, and cook food. But fire can burn things too. It can burn trees, houses, animals, or people. Sometimes big fires can burn forest.Nobody knows for sure how people began to use fire. But there are many interesting, old stories about the first time a man or woman started a fire. One story from Australia tells about a man very, very long time ago. He went up to the sun by a rope(绳子) and brought fire down. Today people know how to make a fire with matches （火柴）. Children sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very dangerous. One match can burn a piece of paper, and then it might burn a house. A small fire can become a big fire very fast. Fires kill many people every year. So you must be careful with matches. Y ou should also learn to put out fires. Fires need oxygen （氧气）. Without oxygen they die. There is oxygen in the air. Cover a fire with water, sand, or in an emergency （紧急情况）, with your coat or something else. This keeps the air away from a fire and kills it. Be careful with fire, and it will help you. Be careless with fire, and it will burn you. 46. Which is true?A. We are not sure how people started to use fire.B. It is an Australian who started a fire.C. We know how people began to use fire.D. Nobody knows how to make a fire.47. Children mustn ’t play with matches because ______. A. matches burn paper B. it is not interesting C. matches can be dangerousD. they don’t know how to make a fire with matches 48. If you are going to put out a fire, you ______. A. must be careful with matches B. ought to know it can be harmful C. have to cover it with water only D. should keep air away from it49. We must be careful with fire, or it ______. A. can beB. warms our housesC. might burn usD. will help us50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fire can help people in many ways. B. Fire can be both helpful and harmful. C. Fire can burn things and people D. We must be careful with matches.四、短文改错（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） I live in the country and my father was a farmer. 1. __________ He is now forty-five year old. Because of years of 2. __________ hard work ， he looks old than his age. When I was 3. __________ young ， he is used to tell me the importance of study . 4. __________ Father knows little about English and other subjects ， 5. __________ but he usually gives me some good advices on how 6. __________ to learn my lessons good. He is not only kind to me 7. __________ but also very strict in me. With his help ， I’ve made 8. __________ great progress. I’ll never to forget what he taught 9. __________ me. I think my father is best father in the world. 10. _________ 五、英语作文（本大题共1小题，共20分）1、立足当前我国环境问题日趋恶化的背景，结合自身实际，写一篇关于“环境保护”的英语作文。
2011-2012学年第二学期七年级英语期末考试英语试卷及答案
2011—2012学年第二学期终考试七年级英语试卷（总分120分共120分钟）题号I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X 总分得分I选出划线部分读音不同的选项. (每小题1分,共5分)得分评卷人( ) 1. A. French B. lunch C. much D. school( ) 2. A. stayed B. helped C. worked D. stopped( ) 3. A. usually B. sheep C. she D. show( ) 4. A. thought B. there C. south D. north( ) 5.A. time B. violin C. favorite D. kindII词汇考察. (共20分)得分评卷人A)根据句意及道字母提示，补全所缺单词。
(每小题1分，共5分)1. Please don’t talk l .the kids are sleeping.2. It is r ________outside. Take an umbrella with you.3. My uncle w shopping yesterday.4. She has long hair and is of medium b_______. .5. We need some m to buy a computer.B)．根据句意用所给单词的正确形式填空. (每小题1分，共10分)6. There are many (child) playing in the park.7. There are some ________（potato）in the basket.8. Xiaoping is a good student. He (study) hard.9. Stop (talk). It’s time for class.10. Tom wants (play) the guitar.11. He put down his book and (see) the boy.12. Do you enjoy (work) in the city?13. Helping others can make us (feel) very happy.14. Don’t talk, the baby (sleep) now.15. Let’s (help) the girl with her lessons.C)根据句意及汉语提示,写出空缺处单词的正确形式(每小题1分，共5分)16. There are lots of （叶子) near the lake.17. Penguins need a new （游泳)pool.18. She is （感兴趣) in Beijing Opera.19. My pen pal （居住在) Australia.20. I （去睡觉) at eleven last night.III单项选择。
2011-2012学年度第二学期八年级期末考试英语试题及答案
2011-2012学年度下期八年级期末考试英语试卷(本卷共九大题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟)一．听力测试。
（30分）Ⅰ.情景反应，听两遍，根据你所听到的句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语。
（5分）( )1. A. Yes，there is. B. Yes，it is. C. Yes，there will. ( )2. A. He was reading. B. He did homework. C. He is reading.( )3. A. I hope not. B. Oh. dear! What's wrong? C. Are you sure? ( )4. A. No, I don't. B. Yes, you are welcome. C. Sure. I'd love to. ( )5. A. Yes, sure. B. Yes, I'll do it. C. No, not at a11.II. 对话理解，听两遍，根据你所听到的对话和问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案（5分）( )6. A. Since 2006. B. In 2006. C. For one year.( )7. A. Milk. B. Coffee. C. Tea.( )8. A. Go hiking. B. Go to China. C. Have a meeting.( )9. A. He went to the park B. He went to the beach. C. He wanted to speak. ( )10. A. Yes. Twice B. No, he hasn't. C. Yes，he has.Ⅲ.短文理解,听三遍,根据你所听到的内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案（20分）A( )11 Why do people all over the world sports?A. Sports are very interestingB. Sports can make people healthy and happyC. Sports are thousands of years old( )12 What do sports change with?A. The seasonB. The weatherC. The time( )13 Which of the following sports is the oldest?A. RunningB. BasketballC. Volleyball( )14 What do people in all countries near the sea prefer?A. FootballB. JumpingC. Swimming( )15 Why do people from different countries often become good friends after a game?A. The game is excitingB. Sports help them understand each otherC. They begin to know each otherB( )16.I had a (an) _________ day off.A. interestingB. relaxingC. boring( )17.I had to study for _________________ at home.A. the math competitionB. the math testC. the English test( )18.The gift I bought is for ________________ birthday.A. my brother’sB. my teacher’sC. my friend’s( )19.____________ went for a drive after lunch.A. My grandparentsB. My parents and IC. My friends and I( )20. I _________________ in the evening.A. watched TVB. hung out with friendsC. did some reading二、语言基础测试。
郑州市2011~2012学年下期期末考试八年级语文
2011~2012学年下期期末考试八年级语文参考答案一、(23分)1．D （2分）2．B（2分）3．A （2分）4．C（2分）5．（1）独怆然而涕下（2）窥谷忘反（3）先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐（4）落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花（5）长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海（一空1分，共8分；若出现错字、漏字、添字，该空不得分）6.(1) 由于民风民俗、文化特点的不同，中西方各国都有独具特色的节日。
（2分）(2 ) “主题”后加“展开的”（开展的、举行的）。
（2分）(3)看法：我们对待节日，无论民族的还是外来的，都应多思索其意义，注重节日的文化内涵。
（2分）标语：重视节日内涵，弘扬节日文化。
（意思对即可，1分）二、(11分)7. “我”称继母带来的哥哥为“喂”，故意在他吃剩饭时放盐害他。
然而哥哥不但不计较，还在“我”学习成绩下降时千方百计帮助我重拾信心。
“我”了解真像后终于叫了声“哥”。
(意思对即可；人物1分，情节2分，共3分)8.“再度”是再次的意思，这里强调了“我”又一次有了优越感，表明“我”不止一次趾高气扬；与后文哥哥暗中无私的帮助最终感动“我”形成对比，使文章有起伏。
(意思对即可；2分)9.我忽然明白过来：编辑收到的信一定全是他求朋友写的,然后自己骑着车,去各个学校附近的邮筒发信, 难怪他的自行车总是爆胎。
(意思对即可；2分)10.示例：《“半碗饭”哥哥》这个标题借用了情节中反复出现的“半碗饭”来称呼哥哥，既新颖别致，激发读者阅读的兴趣，还可以作为行文的线索。
(意思对即可，标题1分，理由1分；共２分)11. 性格特点:善良大度、关爱家人、做事讲策略、忍辱负重。
示例一：善良大度、关爱家人。
妹妹故意放盐骗他，他不计较，仍然在妹妹学习成绩下降时悄悄地无私地帮助她。
示例二：关爱家人、做事讲策略。
为帮助妹妹恢复信心，他千方百计借用多所学校学生的名义给编辑写信，最终使妹妹振作起来。
(意思对即可；特点1分，写出任意2点1分；分析1分，共2分)三、（１0分）12．直接进入人体肺泡，可引发肺炎、肺癌等肺部疾病；携带多种有毒污染物，通过血液循环系统进入到人体各处，给人们带来全方位的健康伤害；影响幼儿的身体和智力发育。
2011~2012学年下期期末考试
2011~2012学年下期期末考试七年级思想品德参考答案二、非选择题（共52分）17.（1）材料突出体现了自立的心理品质。
（2分）自立有利于锻炼我们的生活能力，不断完善自己，学会自尊，增强自信；有利于增强我们的责任意识，形成健全的人格；有利于培养我们的沟通和交往能力，积极融入社会，在未来社会立足。
（两方面即可，6分）（2）从学习、生活、思想意识和社会适应等角度，回答三方面即可（从正面、反面或正反面相结合18.（1）人生难免有挫折，刘伟触电失去了双臂，后又遭遇厄运纠缠，人生道路充满了坎坷和挫折。
（2分）挫折具有两面性，一方面，挫折容易错失人的意志，是人们前进步伐受到阻碍，产生忧愁、焦虑、不安等消极情绪；另一方面，挫折有有利于人们磨练意志，增长才干和智慧。
（3分）挫折的影响取决于我们对待挫折的态度，刘伟从容面对挫折，努力战胜挫折，最终取得了成功。
（2分）（2）①认真分析考试失利的原因，总结经验，吸取教训；（3分）②冷静下来，积极与同学沟通，反思自己的行为，宽容他人；（3分）③略。
情形（1分），解决方案（3分）19.（1）未成年人代表着祖国的未来、民族的希望，肩负着民族复兴的历史重任；未成年人生理、心理都不够成熟，缺乏自我保护能力；家庭是我们成长的摇篮，对于青少年性格、道德品质等的形成具有很大影响；家庭保护是保障未成年人健康成长的重要防线，未成年人保护法对此作出了明确规定。
（两方面即可，6分）（2）提高思想道德水平，增强辨别是非的能力，避免沾染不良习气；增强法制观念，依法规范自身行为；学会调控情绪，避免因一时冲动而犯罪；培养健全人格，做到开朗随和；遵守学校纪律，努力学好文化知识；尊重他人，善待他人，不做有损他人的事情。
（四方面即可，12分）。
20112012学年度下学期期末考试
2011—2012学年度下学期期末考试物理试卷分析一、试题评价本次期末检测由市教师学院组织统一命题，全市统一检测。
整份试题以新课程标准的评价理念为指导，以新课标教材为依据，试题覆盖面大，体现新课标要求，既考查了学生基础知识的掌握，也检测学生的能力，注重对基本知识和基本技能的考查。
试题难度适中，试题起点低，坡度缓，题量适中，接近中考试题的题型，区分度适当。
这无疑对以后的教与学起到的很好的导向作用。
各类题型思想新、题型好，学科思想体现充分。
与以往的期末考试相比，稳中有变，较好地体现了检测的导向性和验收性。
本次检测主要是考查了八年级下册的全书内容。
整个命题重基础、重能力、对日常教学起到了很好的导向作用。
从阅卷中反映的主要成绩、问题和今后的改进建议，作一简要的分析。
此次考试满分100分，其中选择题24分，填空题26分，作图6分，简答题4分，计算12分，实验题28。
二、总体分析：学生整体答得较好，但应变能力教差，对灵活应用物理知识解决问题的题答得不够好，即难点依然是难点！说明学生整体的答题技巧还存在问题，需要进一步加强训练。
总共8个题目，注重基础知识和能力考查。
每道选择题都是最基本的、课程目标要求掌握的知识，在本题中，有8名学生得满分，绝大多数同学在第7题、第8题的错误的电阻没有判定出来，说明学生对于灵率较高，第7题错误的主要原因c选项比值是R2活应用欧姆定律解决问题的能力还没有形成，不能进行方法的迁移，解决问题不灵活两个元件串联会三个元件串联就不会。
第8题出现错误的主要原因是学生综合解决电学问题能力较差，由于电路故障的判断本来就是难点，是考查学生能力拓展的考点之一，学生错误率较高；第二题：填空题共10道小题，其中错误率较高是第16题，第17题，第18题，主要原因是综合分析电路、电学计算的难点问题是学生的难点，表现为：串并联电路特点掌握不牢、利用欧姆定律计算不准确、不会从图像中获取有用信息。
暴露出在平时教学中针对难点的训练不够，同时发现计算能力是学生的普遍问题。
高级英语(二)期末A 试卷
郑州大学西亚斯学院2011-2012学年第二学期试卷（供 2009/2011 级外语学院商务英语本科/专升本专业使用）考试科目：高级英语（二）试卷类型： A 备注：（）Part I (10 points, 1 point for each)Word explanation. Explain the italicized words.1.However intricate the ways in which animals communicate with each other,they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation.2.This much we pledge—and more.3.New York was never a good convention city, but it is making something of acomeback as a tourist attraction.4.Nature’s pleasures are much qualified in New York.5.Youth was faced with the challenge of bringing our mores up to date.6.Meanwhile, the true intellectuals were far from flattered.7.The scene was so hideous that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to amacabre joke.8.Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.9.The conversation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19th century to theEnglish peasants of the 12th century.10.The cars wouldn’t start, and the electrical systems had been killed by water.Part II (20 points, 2 points for each)Paraphrase. Write the answers down on the answer sheet.1.The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelictbuilding-lot.2.The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, andno one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.3.So let us remember on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, andsincerity is always subject to proof.4.The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.5.It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces ofhorror.6.No aspect of life in the Twenties has been more commented upon andsensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation.7.They had outgrown town and families and had developed a suddenbewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could understand.8.No longer so looked up to or copied, New York even prides itself on being aholdout from prevailing American trends.9. A testing of oneself, a fear of giving in to the most banal and marketable ofone’s talents, still draws many of the young to New York.10.There is always a danger that “words will harden into things for us”.Part III (20 points, 2 points for each)Translation. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and English respectively. Write your translations down on the answer sheet.1.The larger children sprawled on the floor, with the smaller ones in a layer ontop of them, and the adults bent over them. The floor tilted. The box containing the litter of kittens slid off a shelf and vanished in the wind.2.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then theysink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. And even the graves themselves soon fade back into the soil. 3.We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom,symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.4.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge ofour deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God’s work must truly be our own.5.The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cutsthese people off from humanity. So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers.6.多样化使纽约这个城市多姿多彩，变幻无穷。
2011-2012第二学期期末考试试卷
2011—2012年学年高一第二学期期末考试英语试卷工民建、综合班Ⅰ.语音：选出与划线部分读音相同的一项（5分）1. online A. realize B. gift C. give D. link2. hard A. warn B. March C. forward D. popular3. hour A. holiday B. honest C. hold D. history4. follow A. now B. allow C. down D. tomorrow5. order A. word B. work C. favor D. dormitoryⅡ. 单项选择（30分）1. Farmers are_____ with their good harvest in autumn.A. gladB. happyC. excitingD. interested2. Jack is lazy. He works only _______hours a day.A. a fewB. a lot ofC. muchD.many3. Turn on the light, ___________?A. shall weB. do youC. will youD. does he4. I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow. _________ he comes, I'll tell you．A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If5. I’ll be back before you ________.A. will leaveB. will have leftC. leaveD. would leave6. Never trouble me while I ______ in my room.A. will sleepB. asleepC. am sleepingD. slept7. It is the first time that she ______ Beijing.A. visitsB. visitedC. has visitedD. had visited8. A bridge was built ______ the river.A. onB. atC. overD. above9. Li Ming is an old friend of_____.A theirB myC ID mine10. Trees ______ in spring.A. not can be plantedB. can be plantedC. be can plantedD. are planting11. You’ll miss the train ______ you hurry up.A. unlessB. asC. if notD. until12. The lecture was so ______ that all the people in the hall were ____.A.moving; excitedB.moving; excitingC.moved; excitedD.moved; exciting13. He loves playing ______ football.A. theB. /C. aD. an14. Please ______ open the window. I feel a little cold.A. notB. not toC. don’tD. to not15. ______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them.A. HowB. WhatC. How aD. What aⅢ. 完形填空（10分）Many Chinese students find it difficult to learn English, but not Chinese, because Chinese is their mother language. In fact Chinese is much more difficult to 1 than English.Still some students in other countries can speak Chinese very 2 . If you don’t see them, you will take them for Chinese. What 3 them successful?―For me, conversation is the most helpful. I try to speak in 4 . If you only listen to what others speak , you will be good at 5 , but if you talk as much as you can, you will find you can speak 6 ,‖ says Jenny Brown, an English girl now 7 Chinese at Beijing University. 8 is interested in Chinese and its history. She thinks that to learn a language, one must try to know 9 about the country.Chinese is different from English, 10 we can use the same way in learning it. It is conversation.( )1. A. talk B. say C. learn D. know( )2. A. well B. good C. bad D. badly( )3. A. makes B. make C. let D. lets( )4. A. English B. Japan C. French D. Chinese( )5. A. listen B. talk C. listening D. talking( )6. A. good English B. good ChineseC. bad EnglishD. Bad Chinese( )7. A. picking up B. catching up C. studying D. teaching( )8. A. He B. She C. Her D. His( )9. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything( )10. A. so B. and C. also D. butⅣ. 阅读理解（20分）（1）①The Dream It is everyone’s dream to work at home or not work at all．You can plan your own hours and work when you want to．There is no more rush hour and no hours that people waste when they get to and from a job every day．②The Fact The fact is that this dream can be attained．You can stay at home，work when you want to and make money when you need to．There are plenty of opportunities for you to make money at home，just by using your computer and the Internet．③Start Today! Educate yourself，look closely into all the opportunities and decide on what works best for you．It will not happen during one night，but you can make the decision today and start to make it happen today．④How Could You Do It? Do you have a blog（博客）or a personal website like millions of other people? Are you using it to make money? Most of these blog and website owners are not．But you can do that!⑤When you have your computer and the Internet working for you，your businesses will be working for you 24 hours a day，seven days a week．You will make money while you sleep，travel or do whatever you want to do all day long．⑥Get Going! There are many ways you can make money with your computer．And you can begin your Stay – at – home businesses with just a little money．What are you waiting for ?( )l．In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?A．Sports B．News C．Culture D．Business( )2．What does the underlined word“attained”in Point ②mean ?A．Broken B．Realized C．Lost D．Destroyed( )3．What’s the best title for Point ⑤?A．Sleep 24 Hours a Day B．Make Money Every Moment C．Play All Day Long D．Travel Around the World( )4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage ? A．People need a lot of money to start a stay – at – home business. B．People can even use their blogs to make money.C．People can plan their own time when they work at home.D．People can make the best decision and start to make it happen today. ( )5．How is the passage organized ?A．By u sing famous people’s words. B．By giving reasons only. C．By showing a topic and giving solutions D．By telling old stories(2)Birthdays are celebrated（庆祝）all over the world. Some ways to celebrate birthdays are rather similar from county to country: candles, cakes, and birthday wishes. But there are also different ways to celebrate birthdays. Here are a few:DenmarkA flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child’s bed while he is sleeping so he will see them at once when he wakes up.IndiaUsually Indian children wear white to school. However, on their birthday children wear colored clothes to school and give out chocolate to everyone in the class. Their best friend helps them to do this.JapanThe birthday child wears new clothes to mark the special time. Certain birthdays are more important than others. These are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys.HollandThe birthday child receives an especially large present. The family also put flowers on the birthday child’s chair to make it beautiful.( )6.When someone is having a birthday in Denmark, you can see _____ outside the window.A．flowers B．presents C．a flag D．a chair( )7 In _________ flowers are put on the chair of the birthday child. A．Japan B．Denmark C．India D．Holland( )8 In _______, only birthday children wear colored clothes to school. A．India B．Holland C．Denmark D．Japan( )9 In Japan, the birthday is more important for boys when they are________.A．15 B．7 C．5 D．3( )10. The passage is mainly about _____________________.A．similar ways of celebrating birthdays in some countriesB．different ways of celebrating birthdays in some countriesC．children’s birthdays in western countriesD．the importance of children’s birthdaysⅤ. 补全对话（10分）(1)M: Hi, where are you going to spend your summer holidays this years?W: 1M: How are you going there?W: We’re going to get there by plane.M: 2W: Next month.M: 3W: Thanks. What about you?M: 4 I’d like to go back to see my friends there, I miss them very much.W: 5 I think you will have a good time.A. I’m sure you’ll enjoy yourselves there.B. That’s wonderfulC. I’ll travel to Shanghai with my family.D. When are you going to start?E. You know I’m from the country.(2)A: Hello! 6B: Yes, what is it?A: 7 Could I use your bike again?B: Certainly. 8 Has your bike broken again?A: No, I’ve lost my key to the bike.B: I see. 9A: About four o’clock.B: Ok. Here is the key. 10A: Thank you. Bye!A. What happened?B. Is there anyone at home?C. I’m sorry to trouble you.D. I hope everything goes well.E. What’s the time?Ⅵ. 词汇（20分）1）根据汉语意思将下列句子补充完整(10分)1. Women _________________(起重要作用) in the development of our country.2. We can only ________ （依靠、依赖）ourselves in our study.3. We should ____ joys and sorrows ____（与……分享）our friends.4. –What are you doing?--I __________ （寻找）my key. I forget where I put it.5. Life is not ________（完美的）.6. She has no ______ (兴趣) in classical music.7. ________ (十二月) is the twelfth month of the year.8. Santa Claus leaves gifts under the ______ (圣诞) tree.9. He finished his school _______ (教育) at the age of eighteen.10. People usually begin _________(为……做准备) the celebration a weekbefore the festival.2）用所给单词的适当形式填空（10分）1. When he comes back, I _______ (tell) you.2. I’m looking forward to ________ (see) my father.3. Mary is good at ______ (run).4. The _______ (France) leader visited China again and wanted to develop the relations between the two countries.5. The Spring Festival is _______. (come)Ⅶ. 改错：从A、B、C、D四个划线处找出一处错误的选项填入答题卡上相应题号后的括号内，并在横线上写出正确答案。
2011-2012第二学期期末考核试卷(答案版)
Ⅰ. Word or Phrase Translation (10×2’)1.分销商distributor2.高质量产品high-quality products3.信息处理中心informationprocessing center4.报价quotation5.交货日期delivery date6.break the ice 打破僵局7.Managing Director（MD）总裁8.firm offer 实盘9.FOB 到岸价10.short-weight 短重Ⅱ. Sentence Translati on (10×4’)1.销售量在我们推出广告后有所回升The sales picked up after we carried out the advertising campaign.2.很高兴你们从美国远道来访问我们公司。
I‘m very happy that you have come from the United States to visit our company.3.一旦收到你方订单，我们将立即发货。
We shall make delivery of the goods upon receipt of / immediately after we receive / as soon as we have / shortly after we receive / once we receive your order. 4.我们已收到你方4月2日来信，对于货物交付过程中的耽搁深感抱歉。
We have received your letter of 2nd April, and very much regret the delay in delivering the goods.5.我打电话了解下我们两个月前下的订单。
I'm phoning about an order we placed two months ago.6.At the moment, we are working on some new promotion literature, which will beused in the shops.目前我们在研究一些新的适用于店铺的促销方案。
新视野大学英语四期末试题分析解析
郑州大学西亚斯学院2010-2011学年第二学期末考试试卷（供2009 级各院/系专业统招本科班使用）考试科目：大学英语IV 试卷类型： A（闭卷）Part I. Listening Comprehension (30 points)Section A (10points, 1 point for each)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short conversations and 1 long conversation. At the end of the conversation one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and choose the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET 1. 注意：此部分答案填在答题卡1上1. A. The woman doesn’t understand the meaning of Chaplin’s films.B. The man appreciates Charlie Chaplin’s films.C. Movie stars of Chaplin’s time compared themselves to Chaplin.D. Charlie Chaplin was original in that he surprised people.2. A. Mother and son.B. Father and daughter.C. Husband and wife.D. Brother and sister.3. A. Cultures and places far away.B. The woman’s first year of studies.C. Things the woman is doing now.D. The foreign roommates of the woman.4. A. The effect of the InternetB. Remote cities of AsiaC. Changes to the worldD. Travel plan to Asia5. A. The woman should lose her job.B. The woman won’t get cut by manageme nt.C. The woman can easily find something new.D. The woman shouldn’t be depressed.Question 6-10 are based on the conversation you have just heard.6. A. The value of friends. B. Important friends.C. The woman’s friends.D. The man’s family.7. A. Friends are really very important.B. He is important in his family.C. Friends aren’t very necessary.D. Questions about friends are strange.8. A. The woman loves her friends.B. The woman doesn’t ha ve a big family.C. The man doesn’t have any friends.D. The man and woman have been friends for life.9. A. One can lose his temper with a friend.B. Friends are for life.C. One can argue with a friend.D. Friends think the same thing.10. A. In a club.B. In an office.C. In a library.D. In a classroom.Section B Understanding Passages (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: In this section, you will hear 2 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET1. 注意：此部分答案填在答题卡1上Passage OneQuestion 11-15 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A. Goals can help you realize what you want in life.B. Goals can let life happen to you.C. Goals aren’t difficult to setD. Goals aren’t difficult to reach.12. A. Successful people have goals in life and make plans to carry them out.B. Successful people set goals that are difficult to achieve.C. Unsuccessful people make unreasonable demands of themselves.D. Unsuccessful people set goals and try to get other people to help them.13.A.Trying to be realistic about one’s capabilities.B. Having a clear understanding of what one wants in life.C. Analyzing problems that may be involved.D. Dreaming of a very beautiful future.14. A. They should sign an agreement with other people involved.B. They should be aware of the difficulties they are faced with.C. They should write down their goals.D. They should discuss with other people about their goals.15. A. Goals enable people to achieve everything they desire in life.B. Winners of any competition should never be satisfied with themselves.C. Goals must be realistic and feasible.D. Success is possible only when a person has clearly set his or her goal.Passage TwoQuestion 16-20 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. Change may cause depression to most people.B. Change may cause excitement to most people.C. People try harder to get rid of something they are familiar with.D. It takes courage and determination to adapt to changes.17. A. Technology has nothing to do with the economy.B. Technology promotes the development of the new economy.C. Technology is the result of the new economyD. Technology prevents changes in the new economy.18. A. Net income.B. The changes taking place throughout the economy.C. Final results.D. Basic fact.19. A. Communication skills.B. Ability to work within a team.C. Language skills.D. Leadership abilities.20. A. Necessity of adjusting oneself to the changing economy.B. Rapid changes brought about by technology.C. Impact of technology on our life.D. Relationship between technology and change.Section C (10 points, 0.5 point for each missing word, 2 points for each missing information)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 21 to 28 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 29 to 31 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Please write them on ANSWER SHEET2. 注意：此部分答案填在答题卡2上There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a (21)_________for the rights of welfare clients, because the system so easily lends itself to (22) _______ by the welfare givers as well as by the clients. Welfare sent Suzanne to look around in my apartment the other day because the（23）_______ said I was using a larger than usual amount of (24)________ supplies. I was, indeed: The hole that has been surgically cut to drain urine had changed size and the (25)_______ to my urine bag was (26)_________.While she was taking notes, my phone rang and Suzanne answered it. The (27)_________ was a state senator, which (28) ________ Suzanne a little. Would I sit on the governor’s committee and try to do something about the thousands of welfare clients who, like me, (29)_______________________________________if they were allowed to do so, one step at a time.Hell，yes, I would! (30) ______________________________________that will encourage them, not seek to convict them of cheating.(31) ______________________________________ without guilt or fear— or just hold a good, steady job.Part II Reading Comprehension （35 points10 points, 1 point for each)Section A (Skimming and Scanning ）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on ANSWER SHEET. For questions 32-38 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C), and D).注意：此部分答案填在答题卡1上。
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郑州大学西亚斯学院2011-2012学年第二学期期末试卷（供2009 级电子工程系系自动化专业使用）试题一填空题(共12分，每空1分)1、一精度等级为0.5级、量程范围0—600o C的温度传感器，它最大允许绝对误差是±3o C 。
2、传感器由敏感元件和转换元件组成。
3、测量误差按其呈现的规律及产生的原因分为系统误差、随机误差、和粗大误差。
4、用一光电式编码器测角位移，若采用6位二进制码盘，其输出读数初始位置时为：000001，终点位置时为：000011，这个角位移为11.2o。
5、电容式传感器可分为变极距型、便面积型、变介电常数型三种。
6、智能式传感器是传感器和微处理机结合实现的试题二单选题(共18分，每题3分)1、光敏电阻是基于（C ）而工作的。
A 外光电效应B 光生伏特效应C 光电导效应D 热电效应2、下列传感器不属于非接触式测量的是（C ）。
A 超声波传感器B 电涡流式传感器C 差动变压器式传感器D 微波传感器3、下列测力传感器中，属于发电型测力传感器的是( C )A自感式传感器B电容式传感器C磁电感应式传感器D应变式传感器4、下列器件中最合适作转速测量的传感器是（ D ）。
A 应变式传感器B 变磁阻式电感式传感器C 差动变压器式传感器D 变磁通式磁电式传感器5、下列属于热探测器工作机理的是（A ）。
A 热释电效应B 热电效应C 内光电效应D 外光电效应6、MOS二极管气敏元件对氢气的检测是利用MOS二极管的（ A ）特性的变化。
A 电容—电压B 电阻—电压C 阈值电压D 电阻—电流试题三简答题(共30 分，每题5分)1、传感器的静态特性指标主要有哪些？（不少于5个）答：传感器的静态特性指标主要有：灵敏度，线性度，重复性，迟滞、漂移2、简述差动变磁阻式传感器与差动变压器式传感器的工作原理的区别。
答：差动式电感传感器是利用改变线圈的自感系数来工作的；而差动变压器式则是利用改变原线圈与两个次级差动式副线圈的互感系数来工作的。
3、光纤传感器测量的基本原理是什么？光纤传感器分为哪两类？它们怎么区别？答：光纤传感器测量的基本原理是基于光在光纤中传输过程中被测量发生变化时光的相应特性参数发生变化。
光纤传感器分为：功能型、非功能型区别：功能型光纤传感器光纤除了传光还能感受被测量的变化，非功能型光纤传感器光纤只起传光作用4、压电式传感器能否测量静态信号？为提高压电式传感器输出灵敏度压电元件的连接形式有哪几种？各有什么特点？答：不能压电式传感器压电元件的连接形式有两种:串联和并联。
并联接法输出电荷大，电容大，适合在测量慢变信号并且以电荷为输出量的场合。
串联接法输出电压大，电容小，适合以电压作为输出信号，并且测量电路输入阻抗很高的场合。
5、 微波传感器由几部分构成？各部分的作用是什么？ 答：由微波振荡器、微波天线及微波检测器组成。
微波振荡器产生微波信号； 微波天线发射微波信号； 微波检测器接收信号。
6、简述压电式超声波传感器的工作原理。
利用一超声波传感器用时差法测量一容器内被测介质低部到顶部的高度，请给出测量方法，并说明工作原理。
答：压电式超声波传感器的工作原理：是基于压电效应。
逆压电效应把电能转 化为机械能把高频的电振动通过压电元件转换为高频的机械振动产生超声波，因而可作超声波发声器。
正压电效应把高频的机械振动通过压电元件转换为高频的电振动信号，因而可作超声波接收器。
利用时差法 t=2h/c试题四 计算题 (共 24 分，每题8分)1、一电阻应变片的电阻R 1=100Ω，灵敏系数K=2，当试件受力F 时，应变片承受应变ε=500μm/m ，试求：⑴ 电阻的相对变化量11R R ∆。
（2分）⑵ 若采用直流电桥测量电路，请画出测量电路图。
（3分） ⑶ 若供电电源E=5V ，求电桥的输出电压U 0=？（3分）解：⑴36111021010002R R --⨯=⨯⨯==∆εK(2)U O =-)(411R R E ∆=- 3102-⨯（V ）⑶U O =-)(211R R E ∆=- 3104-⨯（V ） 2、某测温系统由以下四个环节组成，各自的灵敏度如下： 铂电阻温度传感器： 0.45Ω/℃ 电桥： 0.01V/Ω 放大器： 100(放大倍数) 笔式记录仪： 0.2cm/V 求：(1)测温系统的总灵敏度；（4分）(2)记录仪笔尖位移2cm 时，所对应的温度变化值。
（4分） 解：（1）测温系统的总灵敏度为18.02.010002.045.0=⨯⨯⨯=S cm/℃（2）记录仪笔尖位移4cm 时，所对应的温度变化值为22.2218.04==t ℃3、将一支灵敏度0.05mV/o C 的热电偶与电压表相连，电压表接线端处温度为25o C 。
电压表上读数为50 mV ，求热电偶的热端温度。
（8分） 解：()))((0,500,50,E t E t E -=()))((mV E t E t E 5306.050500,5050,0,=⨯+=+=C t o 3.88306.053==试题五 分析设计题 (共16 分，每题8分)1、请列举三种能检测湿度的传感器，并说明其工作原理。
(8分)2、现要设计一个数字显示湿度计，请给出设计方案，并给出数字显示湿度计系统组成框图。
（8分） 答：1、电容式传感器，湿敏电阻传感器，微波传感器电容式传感器：湿度变化时其介电常数发生变化将引起电容式传感器电容的变化。
微波传感器：湿度变化时微波功率将发生变化。
湿敏电阻传感器：湿度变化时电阻率随湿度变化而变化。
2、可采用湿敏电阻传感器做测湿元件，可采用单片机作为控制部分，采用LCD 显示 数字显示温度计系统组成框图郑州大学西亚斯学院2011-2012学年第二学期期末试卷（供 2009 级 电子工程系 系 自动化 专业使用）考试科目：传感器原理及应用 试卷类型： B 备注：（闭卷、可使用计算器 ）试题一填空题(共12分，每空1 分)1、光栅传感器由光栅读数头和光栅数显组成。
2、误差的表示方法有多种，能够表示测量质量好坏的是相对误差，仪表的精度等级是根据引用误差确定的。
3、一位移传感器每位移1mm时，输出变化2mv,此传感器的灵敏度= 2mv/mm 。
4、电涡流式传感器可分为高频反射式和低频透射式两大类。
5、为提高压电式传感器输出灵敏度压电元件的连接形式有串联和并联两种。
6、根据微波传感器的原理微波传感器分为反射式、遮断式两大类。
7、光敏二极管是基于光电导效应工作的。
试题二单选题(共18 分，每题3 分)1、下列传感器中最适合作角度检测的是（ D ）。
A 超声波传感器B 应变式传感器C 电涡流传感器D 变面积型电容传感器2、下列器件是基于外光电效应工作的是（D ）。
A 光电池B 光敏电阻C 光敏二极管D 光电管3、MOS二极管气敏元件对氢气的检测是利用MOS管的（ A ）特性的变化。
A 电容—电压B 电阻—电压C 阈值电压D 电阻—电流4、下列器件中可以作1000o C以上的温度检测的是（ D ）。
A AD590B Pt100铂热电阻C Cu50铜热电阻D 热电偶5、用一光电式编码器测角位移，若采用6为二进制码盘其最小分辨的角度是（ C ）。
A 10.2oB 11.2oC 5.6oD 2.8o6、下列是热探测器工作原理的是（ D ）。
A 压电效应B 应变效应C 霍尔效应D 热释电效应试题三简答题(共25 分，每题5 分)1、传感器由哪几部分组成？它们的作用及相互关系如何？答：传感器由敏感元件和转换元件组成。
敏感元件实现直接感受相应被测量;转换元件将敏感元件感受的相应被测量转换为电信号。
2、差动变压器式传感器的零点残余电压产生的原因是什么？怎样减小和消除它的影响？答：差动变压器式传感器的零点残余电压产生的原因是：传感器的两次级绕组的电气参数和几何尺寸不对称；以及磁性材料的非线性。
消除它的方法：工艺上保证对称;选择合适的测量电路，如整流和相敏检波电路。
3、简述湿敏电阻的工作机理。
答：湿敏电阻的工作原理：由于水分子吸附在半导瓷湿敏电阻的表面使表面电势下降，将吸引更多的空穴到达表面，于是其表面层的电阻下降。
湿度上升，电阻下降。
4、什么是霍尔元件的不等位电势？不等位电势产生的原因是什么？画出霍尔元件的符号。
答：当霍尔元件的激励电流为I时，元件所处位置磁感应强度为零，霍尔电势不为零的电势。
霍尔元件产生不等位电势的原因有：霍尔电极安装不对称或不在同一等电位面上；半导体材料不均匀；激励电极接触不良。
5、热电偶为什么进行冷端温度补偿？常用的冷端温度补偿方法有哪几种？ 答：热电偶进行冷端温度补偿的原因：热电势只与热端和冷端温度有关，只有在冷端温度恒定时，热电偶的热电势和热端温度才有单值关系；热电偶的分度表是以冷端温度0O C 为基准进行分度的，实际使用时，冷端温度不为0O C 。
冷端温度补偿方法有：冷端温度修正法;冷端0O C 恒温法； 冷端温度自动补偿法。
四 计算题 (共 20分，每题10分)1、现用一变极距式电容式传感器测量位移，电容量为C X =εs/d ，若采用运算放大器式测量电路 ① 画出测量电路图。
（5分）② 求输出电压与极距d 的关系。
（5分） 解：①②输出电压为U O =-XC CU i可变换为电容变化与极距间的关系U O =-U iSC εd通过测量输出电压的值可得出极距的变化。
2、若某光栅传感器的光栅密度为100条/mm,标尺光栅和指示光栅之间的夹角θ=0.01rad. ① 求其形成的莫尔条纹间距B H 是多少？（5分）② 若采用四只光敏二极管接受莫尔条纹信号，并且光敏二极管响应时间为10-6s ，问此光栅允许最快的运动速度v 是多少？（5分） 解：⑴mm w 01.01001==mm w B H 101.001.0===θ⑵s m t w v /101001.06===- 五 分析设计题 (共25 分)现需用金属应变式传感器设计一数字电子称1、简述应变式传感器的工作原理。
（10分）2、试给出设计方案，并画出数字电子称系统组成框图。
（15分）答：1、应变式传感器的工作原理：基于应变效应而工作，应变片受力变形产生电阻阻值的变化，灵敏度一定时2、郑州大学西亚斯学院2011-2012学年第二学期期末试卷（供2010 级电子工程系系应用电子技术专业使用）考试科目：传感器原理及应用试卷类型： A 备注：（闭卷、可使用计算器）试题一填空题(共10 分，每空0.5 分)1、测量结果可由数值大小、测量单位组成。
2、热电偶传感器的热电势由温差电势和接触电势组成。
3、电涡流式传感器可分为高频反射式和低频透射式两大类。
4、传感器由敏感元件和转换元件组成。
5、基于内光电效应工作的光电器件有光敏电阻、光敏晶体管等。