新概念英语第二册第20课课文讲解

一、词汇

catch v. 抓到

fisherman n. 钓鱼人，渔民

boot n. 靴子

waste n. 浪费

realize v. 意识到

★catch v. 抓到

①vt. 捉住，逮住，捕获

The police have caught the thief.

②vt. 抓住，握住

Can you catch the ball?

③vt. 及时赶到，赶上

catch up with 赶上，跟上

Go ahead please.I’ll soon catch up with you.

★boot n. 靴子

a pair of boots 一双靴子

★waste n. 浪费

①n. 浪费

a waste of… 浪费……

It is a waste of time/money/food/water.

②vt. 浪费

You are wasting time.

★realize v. 意识到

①v. 认识，知道，明白，意识到

I went into the wrong room without realizing it. 我无意中走错了房间。

I realized that I was wrong.

②v. 实现（希望、目标、愿望等）

realize one's dream 实现某人的梦想

She has realized her hope to be an actress.

③使变为事实，使发生（常用于被动语态）

This plan can never be realized.

二、课文讲解

1、Fishing is my favourite sport.

fishing是一个动名词，由动词+ing组成，动名词可以作主语或宾语，如eating，reading等等

★fish

①n. 鱼（不可数名词），鱼的种类（可数）

There are a lot of fishes(表示种类)in the sea.

②v. 钓鱼, 捕鱼

2、I often fish for hours without catching anything.

for+时间表示一段时间

for hours=for some hours 数小时

without catching anything作为状语而出现, 表示结果状语。without 是介词，后面一定要加宾语, 动名词catching作 without 的宾语，without 后面的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语。 without 通常表示“缺乏、没有”；当它位于动名词前时，表示“不曾、不”

I can’t repair the car without your help.

They tried to leave the restaurant without paying.

He went out without saying any words.

3、But this does not worry me.

★worry

v. ①烦恼，担扰

worry sb. 某人为……烦恼，担扰

adj. 担心

be worried about ……为……担心

I was worried about my little daughter.

4、Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.

instead of… 我原准备做……但是后来做了……（instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的）

I went to school instead of staying at home. 我没呆在家里而是去上学了

I bought books instead of buying dresses.

without强调没有做某件事, instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事

副词instead“作为替代，反而”，单独使用时一般出现在句尾

If you don’t want a holiday in England, why don’t you go to Australia instead?

5、I am even less lucky.

less是little的比较级，意为“不及，不如，更少”

I spend less time on English than on French.

less+原形

A is less…than

B A不如B

6、After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.

spend+时间+在某地在某地度过……时间

after +从句在……之后

after +名词/动词的ing形式……之后（从句主语必须是主句的主语时两种形式可互换）

After I go to school, I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一个事实, 不用“went to” ) After going to school, I learned a lot of knowledge.

介词after的宾语的动名词having spent所表示的动作发生在谓语动词go 之前，所以动名词用完成形式。 with an empty bag 注意连读

with sth. 有……的，持有……的，随身带着……(状语)

Who’s the man with the beard?

without sth. 没带……

I always go home without angthing. 什么都没带回家

7、'You must give up fishing!' my friends say.

give up doing sth. = stop doing sth. 放弃做某事

Give up smoking.

8、I'm not really interested in fishing.

be intersted in sth. / doing sth. 对……感兴趣

I’m interested in collecting stamps.

三、语法

动名词

动词+ing 作名词时称为动名词，它仍有动词的属性，可以接宾语，动名词可以代替名词做主语和宾语或介词宾语。

1、动名词作主语

Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看电视是我最喜爱的业余爱好.

2、动名词作宾语

Do you mind turning on the TV?

Betty enjoys listening to pop music.

3、利用介词/副词+动名词可以把两个句子连成一个句子

apologize for (not) doing sth. 为什么事情而道歉

I must apologize. I interrupted you. 我得表示道歉. 我打断了你的说话(工作).

I must apologize for interrupting you.

由于打断了你的说话(工作), 我得表示道歉. （for interrupting强调interrupt这个动词）