高中一年级英语必修二Unit1语法课件
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• 在这时as可以在句首， which 不可以； as 有正如的意思， 而which 没有。
八、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1．限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的 定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。 这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分 开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。
意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。
b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London.
昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。
c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed.
that √ √
√
which
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้√√
who √
√
whom
√
whose
√√
object attribute (宾语) （定语）
√ √ √ √
√
关系副词的用法
关系副词
when where
指代 time place
所做成分 是否可省略
adverbial
（状语）
no
adverbial
no
why
reason adverbial
定语从句归纳总结 一、定语从句的定义：
用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从 句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行 词（antecedent）。定语从句一般是由关系 代词或关系副词来引导的。相当于名词和形 容词的作用。
eg: 1. Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning?
7. I began to work in Beijing in the year __w_h_e_n_New China was founded.
8. Do you know the reason _w__h_yhe didn’t come?
9. I can’t remember the place _w__h_er_e____I put my book.
1. The man who / that lives next door is a writer. 2.The woman who / whom / that/- I visited last week is a famous writer. 3. Beijing is the city which / that has got the chance to host the 2008
如：
a) What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there?
站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?
b) Toronto is a city (that) I' ve always wanted to visit.
多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。
She wore the same dress that she wore at Marry’s wedding.
• Which 和as 在引导非限定性定语从 句时可以指代一件事， 如：
• The gentleman admired Mrs. Brown, which surprised me.
• As we had expected, his performance was excellent.
no
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以 互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用 which。 1) 当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词或被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few, only等修饰时.
• (5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。
Who is the girl that drove the car?
Who
that broke the window will be punished.
• (6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the
2．非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只 是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意 思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分 开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关 系词不可省略。如：
a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history.
关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况 （1）在介词之后
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
（2）当主句中的主语被that修饰时。
eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.
Olympic Games. 4. A dictionary is a book which / that/-you can use to learn more words. 5. The little boy whose eyes are blue is holding a dog.
6. The house whoseroof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. 3)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时
2.Let’s discuss only such questions as concern every one of us.
3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday, Mum?
4. As we all know, John is an honest man. 比较：
B.
I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.
I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.
C.
This is the reason why he was dismissed.
It was raining hard, which / as was unexpected.
常用于as is known to all, as you know, as is expected，the same…as, such…as, as…as, so…as 句型中，as不可省略…
1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(4)当先行词既有人又有物时, 用关系代词that
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools that we had visited there.
Those who are from Qingdao come this way. 2.当先行词是用-body或-one构成的不定代 词时
Is there anybody else who should be invited
关系副词when, where, why的用法
关系副词都等于一个适当的介词＋which， 在从句中作状语
2.The day is not far off when we will make a trip to Britain.
二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：
1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here.
When=in/at/on/during…+which;
Where=in/at/on/…+which;
Why=for +which 1.Do you still remember the day when(on which) we went to visit the museum together?
2.This is the factory where(in which)my father once worked.
3.This is the reason why(for which) he was late.
Compare :关系代词和关系副词在定语从句
中的不同成分（注意事项）
A.
I know a place where we can have a picnic. I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.
(3) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用which不能 用that。
They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.
that和who在指 人的情况下一般都可以 互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用who而不用 th1a.t。先行词为those, one, ones, peoples时
This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.
注意:关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或 whom
a.This is the boy with whom he worked. b.This is the boy whomhe worked with. c. This is the boy who he worked with. d. This is the boy he worked with. e. The house where we live is not large. f. The house in which we live is not large. g. The house which we live in is not large. h. The house we live in is not large.
thing.
• (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系 代词用that.
She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
• (8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.
• Which is the book that you bought last week?
as 从句的先行词是the same, such, 或被他们 所修饰；在从句中做主语或宾语；多用于表示 肯定意义的从句中，不用于表否定意义的从句 中。
e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started.
The result was not such as he expected.
2.This is the house where he was born.
3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.
关系代词的用法
何时可以省略？
关系代词在从句中可以：
做宾语时可以省略
指人 指物 subject (主语)
八、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
1．限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的 定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。 这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分 开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。
意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。
b) Yesterday I met Professor King, who came from the University of London.
昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。
c) He lent me a dictionary, which was just what I needed.
that √ √
√
which
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้√√
who √
√
whom
√
whose
√√
object attribute (宾语) （定语）
√ √ √ √
√
关系副词的用法
关系副词
when where
指代 time place
所做成分 是否可省略
adverbial
（状语）
no
adverbial
no
why
reason adverbial
定语从句归纳总结 一、定语从句的定义：
用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从 句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行 词（antecedent）。定语从句一般是由关系 代词或关系副词来引导的。相当于名词和形 容词的作用。
eg: 1. Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning?
7. I began to work in Beijing in the year __w_h_e_n_New China was founded.
8. Do you know the reason _w__h_yhe didn’t come?
9. I can’t remember the place _w__h_er_e____I put my book.
1. The man who / that lives next door is a writer. 2.The woman who / whom / that/- I visited last week is a famous writer. 3. Beijing is the city which / that has got the chance to host the 2008
如：
a) What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there?
站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?
b) Toronto is a city (that) I' ve always wanted to visit.
多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。
She wore the same dress that she wore at Marry’s wedding.
• Which 和as 在引导非限定性定语从 句时可以指代一件事， 如：
• The gentleman admired Mrs. Brown, which surprised me.
• As we had expected, his performance was excellent.
no
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以 互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用 which。 1) 当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词或被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few, only等修饰时.
• (5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。
Who is the girl that drove the car?
Who
that broke the window will be punished.
• (6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didn’t know the
2．非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只 是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意 思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分 开，一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中，关 系词不可省略。如：
a) Rome, which is the capital of Italy, has a very long history.
关系代词指物时只用which不用that的情况 （1）在介词之后
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
（2）当主句中的主语被that修饰时。
eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.
Olympic Games. 4. A dictionary is a book which / that/-you can use to learn more words. 5. The little boy whose eyes are blue is holding a dog.
6. The house whoseroof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. 3)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时
2.Let’s discuss only such questions as concern every one of us.
3.Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday, Mum?
4. As we all know, John is an honest man. 比较：
B.
I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.
I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.
C.
This is the reason why he was dismissed.
It was raining hard, which / as was unexpected.
常用于as is known to all, as you know, as is expected，the same…as, such…as, as…as, so…as 句型中，as不可省略…
1.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(4)当先行词既有人又有物时, 用关系代词that
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools that we had visited there.
Those who are from Qingdao come this way. 2.当先行词是用-body或-one构成的不定代 词时
Is there anybody else who should be invited
关系副词when, where, why的用法
关系副词都等于一个适当的介词＋which， 在从句中作状语
2.The day is not far off when we will make a trip to Britain.
二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：
1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here.
When=in/at/on/during…+which;
Where=in/at/on/…+which;
Why=for +which 1.Do you still remember the day when(on which) we went to visit the museum together?
2.This is the factory where(in which)my father once worked.
3.This is the reason why(for which) he was late.
Compare :关系代词和关系副词在定语从句
中的不同成分（注意事项）
A.
I know a place where we can have a picnic. I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.
(3) 在非限定性定语从句中必须用which不能 用that。
They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.
that和who在指 人的情况下一般都可以 互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用who而不用 th1a.t。先行词为those, one, ones, peoples时
This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.
注意:关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或 whom
a.This is the boy with whom he worked. b.This is the boy whomhe worked with. c. This is the boy who he worked with. d. This is the boy he worked with. e. The house where we live is not large. f. The house in which we live is not large. g. The house which we live in is not large. h. The house we live in is not large.
thing.
• (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系 代词用that.
She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
• (8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.
• Which is the book that you bought last week?
as 从句的先行词是the same, such, 或被他们 所修饰；在从句中做主语或宾语；多用于表示 肯定意义的从句中，不用于表否定意义的从句 中。
e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started.
The result was not such as he expected.
2.This is the house where he was born.
3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.
关系代词的用法
何时可以省略？
关系代词在从句中可以：
做宾语时可以省略
指人 指物 subject (主语)