2014年mba英语模拟试题及答案(一)
2014MBA英语试题5.30
1. The vision of that big black car hitting the sidewalk a few feet from us will never be ________ from my memory.A) ejected B) escaped C) erased D) omitted2. At present, it is not possible to confirm or to refute the suggestion that there is a causal relationship between the amount of fat we eat and the ________ of heart attacks.A) incidence B) impetus C) rupture D) emergence3. There are many who believe that the use of force ________ political ends can never be justified.A) in search of B) in pursuit of C) in view of D) in light of4. Sometimes the bank manager himself is asked to ________ cheques if his clerks are not sure about them.A) credit B) assure C) certify D) access5. It is believed that the authorities are thinking of ________ new taxes to raise extra revenue.A) impairing B) imposing C) invading D) integrating6. When she heard the bad news, her eyes ________ with tears as she struggled to control her emotions.A) sparkled B) twinkled C) radiated D) glittered7. There are occasions when giving a gift ________ spoken communication, since the message it offers can cut through barriers of language and cultural diversity.A) overtakes B) nourishes C) surpasses D) enforces8. In order to keep the line moving, customers with lengthy ________ are required to do their banking inside.A) transit B) transactions C) turnover D) tempos1. 答案：C译文：那辆大黑卡车撞上人行道离我们仅几英尺，这一幕情景永远无法从我记忆中抹去。
2014年考研英语模拟测试(一)答案解析
2014年考研英语模拟测试（一）答案解析Section ⅠUse of English答案1.C2.A3.D4.A5.C6.D7.B8.C9.A 10.A11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A总体分析本文介绍了东日本铁路公司引人关注的新计划。
文章第一段介绍说东日本铁路公司创造性地利用车站内部及周围房地产的计划正引起越来越多人的关注。
第二段具体介绍了这一计划的内容及好处，即适应信息时代的要求，把车站作为网上购物的物品收取地，这样既为消费者提供了方便，又提高了递送物品的安全性。
第三段介绍了该公司引入智能卡代替目前使用的各种磁卡作车票的计划及其优点。
试题精解1.[精解] 本题考查名词的词义辨析。
空格处填入的名词与growth搭配，由上下文语义可知，此处表达的含义是“铁路业没有令人振奋的发展前景”，Prospect“景色，前景，期望”指的是possibility of advancement or success。
所以[C]项正确。
perspective做可数名词时多指viewpoint(态度，观点)，如You have the wrong perspective on this situation(对于那个情势的未来发展，你的看法是错的)。
outlook用作“前景”讲时用单数形式，如the outlook for economic growth(经济发展的前景)。
spectacle“景象，奇观，场面，眼镜”，如A quarrel between drunken women is an unpleasant spectacle(喝醉酒的女人吵架是个丑恶的场面)。
2.[精解] 本题考查通过上下文选择适当的副词的能力。
空格处的副词修饰的动作是use real-estate assets in and around train stations(利用车站内部及周围的房地产)。
2014年1月MBA联考英语阅读理解模拟题（1）
2014年1月MBA联考英语阅读理解模拟题（1）2014年1月MBA联考英语阅读理解模拟题(1)1月MBA联考英语阅读理解同样占据很大的分值，不仅要求考生掌握词汇量，同时对考生的阅读理解能力有着很高的要求，所以，在日常复习过程中考生一定要勤动手，勤练习。
在此，太奇专业硕士网为考生准备MBA联考英语阅读理解模拟题(1)。
Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the aut hor Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,” a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”David son’s article is on e of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being aver age just won’t ear n you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheaprobotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,” In the 10 years ending i n 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] ro advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is Bad以上就是太奇专业硕士网为大家准备的2014年1月MBA联考英语阅读理解模拟题，如果有疑问，可在线咨询老师。
2014MBA在职联考英语模拟试题(一)
2014MBA在职联考英语模拟试题（一）导读：本文2014MBA在职联考英语模拟试题（一），仅供参考，如果能帮助到您，欢迎点评和分享。
PANT I Structure and Vocabulary (10 % )Directions : There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part . For each sentence there are four choices marked A , B , C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blarken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil .1 . He didn't seem to mind_____ TV while he was trying to study .A. their watchingB. them watchC. they watchingD. them to watch2 . It is said that more than one person in this department ______ going to lose his job.A. areB. wereC. willD. is3 . When she________ all the magazines ,she'11 come back home.A. has soldB. will sellC. sellD. would sell4 . The manufacturer claimed that this engine is_______ the previous one .A. as twice powerful asB. powerful as twice asC. twice powerful asD. twice as powerful as5 . Nowhere else in the world_______ more attractive scenery than in Switzerland .A. are foundB. have been foundC. you can findD. can you find6. If he had not been ill yesterday , he_________ to class.A. goB. would goC. would have goneD. went7. _______ science and technology help the society to progress is a fact accepted by most people.A. ModernB. That modernC. There is modernD. It is modern8. ________ one of the leading novelists in America , Amy Taylor has also written a number of poems and plays.A. ConsideredB. ConsideringC. Having consideredD. Been considered9.The streets are all wet. It_______ during the night.A. must be rainingB. had to rainC. must have rainedD. had rained10.England's chief exports are coal , cars and cotton goods , cars ______ the most important of these.A. have beenB. areD. being11.Everything was so expensive during the war that it was hardly_____ to save penny.A. likelyB. feasibleC. probableD. possible12.The automation has made it possible to_________ great changes in industry.A. bring aboutB. bring downC. bring outD. bring up13.The police stopped him because he_______ the traffic regulation .A. damagedB. destroyedC. brokeD. corrupted14.All too_______ it was time to go back to school after the glorious summer holidays.B. soonC. quickD. often15.The chief manager refused to on the rumor that he was going to_________retire .A. explainB. commentC. speakD. talk16.Mr. Brown gradually_______ a knowledge of the suhJect.A. requiredB. inquireC. achievedD. acquired17.If I am not_________ when you come to my office , ask for my secretary .A. suitableB. availableC. comfortableD. proper18.Peasants supply workers with food , andworkers__________ supply peasants with manufactured goods.A. in tumB. by tumC. for retumD. bv retnm。
MBA联考英语真题2014年
MBA联考英语真题2014年Section ⅠClozeThinner isn't always better. A number of studies have 1 that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases, compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually 2 . For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. 3 , among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an 4 of good health.Of even greater 4 is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined 6 body mass index, or BMI. BMI 7 body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be moral weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, 8 , can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese. While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 . For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small flame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI. Today we have a(n) 14 to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes 15 in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes 16 with obesity include laziness, lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.17 very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes towards obesity, 18 in health concerns, have stimulated a number ofanti-obesity 19 . My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched ahigh-visibility campaign 20 children obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1.A.concludedD.denied答案：A[解答] 逻辑关系/语义衔接题。
MBA《英语》模拟题(一)及答案
10. Beginning in the late 1970s, the economy of Alaska underwent a rapid change since oil was discovered and ______.
17. Like most foreigners, I ask a lot of questions, some of which are insultingly silly. But everyone I __________ has answered those questions with patience and honesty.
7. A major concern for photographers traveling by plane is possible ______ to their film caused by X-ray machines.
A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage
8. We must prevent that kind of disaster at all ______.
A. chances B. expenses C. costs D. risks
9．The student was told to ______ for being rude to his teacher.
A. comprehensive B. comprehensible C. comprehension D. comprehend
16. I hope you can ______ your term papers before the deadline.
2014年英语模拟试卷一答案
英语模拟试卷答案Part I阅读理解Passage One CDDCAPassage Two CBBDDPassage Three ACADAPassage Four D B C C DPart II 词汇语法21~30 BDBAC CBDBC31~40 DDCBA CDBBA41~50 CBABC CCDCD51~60 CCCCC DACCBPart III 完形填空DACBB AACCD DBABC DDBCA81. 对大多数人来说，海洋是遥远的，除了早期穿越洲际的旅行家们以及依靠海洋维持生计的人，几乎找不出理由要提出关于海洋的问题，更不会问海洋表面下还有些什么东西。
82. 在大多数情况下，如果是在我们自己的文化中演奏音乐，就很容易区分观众与演奏者，但在非洲，情况通常并非如此。
83. 作为一个胜利者就是这样：创造性地使用你的技能和才华，这样你就会成功，无论发生什么事情。
84. 通过无线互联平台（MIP）及其应用系统的支撑，移动办公室已经成为一种能够使用户获得随时随地、简便快捷、安全可靠、价格合理的通信和办公能力的解决方案。
85. 移动办公室给人们带来了方便随意的工作环境，但同时也存在着一些诸如设备接口不匹配、电池电力不足等不尽如人意的地方。
86. Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.87.But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant trip to the countryside.88.Look at the terrible situation I am in now! If only I had followed your advice!89.He who uses his mind manages others. He who uses his strength is managed by others.90.It was not until the next day that I learned the truth.Giving Children Cell PhonesMore and more children are showing up at school each September with cell phones. Many parents buy cell phones to their children because it is a nice safety measure. It gives those working parents a little sense of control and security to know when their children are off campus and on their way home.But having a cell phone might be a problem. Parents may find themselves facing a frightening bill at the end of the month. The reason: chatting on the phone and sending text messages can soon become the favorite pastime of preteens and teenagers. Worse still, cell phones in schools can lead to classroom distractions, text-message cheating and inappropriate photographs.Knowing their children can always be reached is reassuring for parents. But before buying their child a cell phone, I think parents should decide if the child is really capable of managing his or her own phone. Besides, parental control must be exercised in the use of the phone. For example, they should set limits on how long the child is allowed to stay on the phone.。
2014MBA在职联考英语模拟试题（一）【3】
2014MBA在职联考英语模拟试题（一）【3】B. People will stop making robots.C. There will be laws against using robots.D. Robots will benefit nobody.Questions 29 to 32 are based on the following passage:Tests conducted at the University of Pennsylvania' s Psychological Laberatory showed that anger is one of the most difficult emotions to Find out from facialexpressions.Professor Dallas E. Buzby confronted 716 students with pictures of extremely angry persons , and asked them to identify the emotion from the facial expression. Only two percent made correct judgments. Anger was most frequently judged as"Fleased".And a typical reaction of a student confronted with the picture of a man who was mad was to classify his expression as either"bewildered" , "quizzical" , or simply"amazed" . Other studies showed that it is extremely difficult to tell whether a man is angry or not just by looking at his face. The investigators found further that women are better at finding out anger from facial expressions than men are. Paradoxically , they found that psychological training does not improve one's ability to judge a man' s emotions by his expressions but actually hinders it . For in the university tests ,the more courses the student had taken in psychology , the poorer judgment score he turned in .29. The information in this passage centers around_____.A. the relation between anger and other emotionsB. the differences between men and women with respect to emotionC. the influence of psychology on human emotionsD. the discovery of anger from facial expressions30 . When tested,students with psychological training_________.A. marked less than two percent of their possible choices correctlyB. did better than the average student in the groupC. seemed less able to judge correctly than the average studentD. performed in a manner not specified in the passage31 . To achieve the greatest success in finding out anger ftoiii facial expressions ,it would be best to__.A. use adults rather than students as judgesB. ask women who do not study psycholsy to judge itC. ask men rather than women to judge itD. be satisfied with a two percent success, if such a perceotage is guaranteed32. The last two sentences in the second paragraph show that----.A. such training has not resulted in better scoresB. we have really achieved the anticipated resultsC. the judgment is similar to what we have expectedD. we can expect such training to have the effect statedQuestions 33 to 36 are based on the following passage:Wouldn't it be great if you could just look up at the sky and read the weather forecast right away? Well,you can. The forecast is written in clouds. If you can read that writing, you can tell something about the atmosphere. With some practice, you can become a pretty good weather forecaster. Who knows , you might even do as well as meteorologists.Meteorologists use much more information than just theappear. ance of the clouds to make their forecast. They collect data from all over the world. Then they put it into powerful, high - speed computers.This does give meteorologists an advantage , because they can track weather patterns as they move from west to east across the country.But you have an advantage,too. You can look at the sky and get your data directly. A meteorologist uses a computer forecast that's several hours old to make a local forecast .What are you seeing when you look at a cloud?" A picture of what moisture is doing in the atmosphere" says meteorologist Peter Leavit . There's moisture throughout the atmosphere. Most of the time you don't see it , because it's in the form of an invisible gas called water vapor .Sometimes, the temperature of the air gets cold enough to cause the water vapor to change to liquid water. That's called condensation , and we see it happen all the time( for example , when humid air from the hower hits the cold glass of a mirror) . When enough water vapor condenses, droplets form in the air. These droplets scatter light. A cloud is seen.Watching clouds over a day or two tells you a lot more than a single cloud about the weather to come. Changes in clouds show changes in the atmosphere.You should begin to notice patterns. Certain clouds, following each other in order, can singal an approaching storm. But don't take our word for it; see for yourself.33 . This passage mainly tells us about how__________.A. to become a meteorologistB. to keep an eye on the weatherC. to be an assistant to a meteorologistD. to change water vapor to liquid water34.Acording to the passage , an ordinary person might do as well as a meteorologist in weather forecast---.A. with the help of the high - speed computers.B. through a complex process of calculationC. with some simple practice looking up at the skyD.consulting a weather station.35 . Meteorologists make their weather forecast---.A. by collecting data from all over the worldB. by putting this data into powerful , high - speed computersC. by calculating and analyzing this dataD.all above.36 . Your advantage in weather forecasts is that---.A. you have more powerful computers at homeB. your brain works as well as a high speed computerC. you observe the sky and obtain your data directlyD.teorologists give their data to you as soon as they get themQuestions 37 to 40 are based on the following passage:Security and commodity exchanges are trading posts where people meet who wish to buy or sell. The exchanges themselves do no trading,`they merely provide a place where prospective buyers and sellers can meet and conduct their business.Wall Street , although the best known , is not the only home of ex- changes in the United States. There are cotton exchanges in New Or- leans and Chicago `, the Mercantile Exchange , which deals in many farm products , in Chicago `, and grain exchanges in many of the large cities of the Midwest . Some exchanges , like the Chicago Board of Trade , provide market services for several kinds products.These trading posts where products may bebought or sold are called commodity exchanges .The security exchanges, on the other hand, are meeting places where stocks and bonds are traded. Like the commodity exchanges, they help serve the economic life of the country. But when their opera- tions get out of hand, they may become very dangerous. In 1929, the security exchanges, or stock market , contributed to a crash a sudden , sharp decline in the value of securities . Many people lost fortunes `, many corporations were bankrupted ,` many workers lost their jobs. The Crash of 1929 has been attributed to many causes ,among them wild and unwise speculation by many people and dishonest practices on the part of some businessmen and of some members of the exchanges.Today , however , investing through security exchanges and trading on commodity exchanges has been made safer by regulations set up by the exchanges themselves and by regulations of the United States government. In 1922, the government instituted the Commodity Exchange Commission which operated through the Department of Agriculture `, and in 1934 , the Securities and Exchanges Commission , to protect investors and the public against dishonest practices on the exchanges .37. Security and commodity exchanges are meeting places for buyers and sellers of---- .A. stocksB. grainC.securitiesD. all of these38 . Among the reasons for the Crash of 1929 were.A. unwise speculation by many peopleB. dishonest practices by some businessmenC. strict regulations of the Commodity Exchange CommissionD.both A and B.39.Investing insecurities has been made safer by.----A. the Securities and Exchange CommissionB. the Commodity Exchange CommissionC.Chicago Board of TradeD. Chicago Mercantile Exchange40 . Implies but not stated---- :.A. Some exchanges provide market services for several kinds of productsB. The role of the government has been an important factor in curbing dishonest practices on the ExchangesC. Investing in securities is unwiseD. Buying and selling securities is dishonest.。
2014考研英语模拟测试题一答案
2014考研英语模拟测试题一答案答案及解析Section I1. B. privileged文章首句的意思是：“我感到很荣幸有这次机会在第四次欧亚伦谈会上发表演说。
”本题主要考查四个选项的词义。
A. respected (受到尊敬，警钟)，C. pledged (允诺，誓言，保证)，D. projected(凸出，投掷)，三个选项与文意不符。
B. privileged(荣幸，有幸)正符合文意。
2. A. continents本题还是考查四个选项的词义。
Europe and Asia are two of the world’s major continents. 意为：欧洲和亚洲是世界上两个主要的大洲。
B. constituents(构成，构成分子)，C. constructs(建造，构造)D. constitute一般为动词，不作名词使用。
3. D. exchanges“Europe and Asia…and there has been…between them.”这句话的意思是：欧亚两洲是世界上两个主要的大洲，两洲之间长期以来有着互相交流的历史。
本题主要考查上下文对四个选项的历词义选择。
A. expansion(扩张，膨胀)，B. excursion(短途，旅游)，C. existence(存在)均不符合文意。
D. exchanges(交换，交流)符合文意，为正确答案。
4. C. Relations“Relations between…of all mankind.”这句话的意思是：两大洲之间的关系，不要说对全人类，只说对本洲人民的幸福和前景就有着深远的影响。
“A. Actions(行为，举动)，B. Devotions(献身，奉献)一般不用复数，D. Decisions(选择，决定)均与文意不符。
C. Relations(彼此之看法，两者之关系)与本文最为贴切。
5. A. impactHave/make a…impact on…(对……有影响)是一经常使用的词组，如have a major impact on world peace(对世界和平有重大影响)。
2014年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)试题(完整版)及参考答案
2014 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C orD on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not whatthey used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance'sname, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "seniormoments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on ourprofessional, social, and personal 5 .Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lotthat can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the rightmental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections inthe brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 ,because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expandand fluctuate 12 mental effort.39Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program"designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 .The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The programkeeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Mostimportantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--muchlike a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where[B]when[C]that[D]why2.[A]improves[B]fades[C]recovers[D]collapses3.[A]If[B]Unless[C]Once[D]While4.[A]uneven[B]limited[C]damaging[D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing[B]environment[C]relationship[D]outlook6.[A]turns[B]finds[C]points[D]figures7.[A]roundabouts[B]responses[C]workouts[D]associations8.[A]genre[B]functions[C]circumstances[D]criterion9.[A]channel[B]condition[C]sequence[D]process10.[A]persist[B]believe[C]excel[D]feature11.[A]Therefore[B]Moreover[C]Otherwise[D]However12.[A]according to[B]regardless of[C]apart from[D]instead of13.[A]back[B]further[C]aside[D]around14.[A]sharpness[B]stability[C]framework[D]flexibility15.[A]forces[B]reminds[C]hurries[D]allows16.[A]hold[B]track[C]order[D]pace17.[A] to[B]with[C]for[D]on18.[A]irregularly[B]habitually[C]constantly[D]unusually19.[A]carry[B]put[C]build[D]take20.[A]risky[B]effective[C]idle[D]familiar答案：1-5 ABDCA 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 DABAD 16-20 BDCCB答案解析：1. [标准答案] [A][考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。
2014年MBA英语阅读理解习题及参考答案
2014年MBA英语阅读理解习题及参考答案（45篇）Representatives of Callahan Media Associates (CM [A] announced today that the news agency would attempt to buy the National Broadcasting System (NBS), the second largest television and radio network in the United States. Ronald Callahan, son of Jessica Callahan, who started CMA, told reporters that he expects his company's offering price to be high enough to win out over other offers. He indicated that NBS executives had already discussed reorganization plans that might result from a CMA takeover.A native of the United Kingdom, Jessica Callahan began to buy newspapers, magazines, and radio stations in the United States eight years ago, and CMA now owns or controls more than fifteen news organizations here. Before she became a leader in media in this country, she had established her family-owned company as one of the most important forces in British TV and newspapers. Callahan started her news career more than twenty-five years ago, and she had worked as a reporter on three different papers when she took the job of editor of England's Birmingham Herald(伯明汉先驱报), a newspaper that had been experiencing financial difficulties for several years. Her success in raising the news reporting standards as well as making the Herald into a profitable business gained Callahan the attention and respect of the British news establishment. By the time she was 35, she had become a publisher and started CMA, which is now one of the largest media organizations in the world.Callahan had never visited the United States before she came to Miami and became the publisher of the Miami Journal almost eight years ago, but she had been reading the newspaper for several years, and she said that she liked the paper's style. After she had owned the Journal for just over a year, she bought a small radio station in Georgia, and in the next five years she went on to acquire news organizations in several different parts of the country.If CMA becomes the owner of NBS, for the first time it will have control over a nationwide TV network. In an interview last week, Philip Rosen, the president of NBS, said that he was not very happy about the purchase. He agreed that Callahan and CMA had done a lot to help American newspapers become more financially secure, but he expressed fears that the new management was going to make news coverage on NBS irresponsible. He stated that he hoped he could remain with NBS but said that this might not be possible.1.The writer thins that CMA's offer to buy the National Broadcasting System is probably _____.[A] the only one[B] a good one[C] unacceptably low[D] of great competition2. Jessica Callahan captured the confidence of the press after she became the editor of Birmingham Herald because _____.[A] she was experienced[B] she had strong financial background[C] since then it started to make money[D] she enjoyed good popularity3. Jessica Callahan has never _____.[A] visited the United States[B] owned a national TV network[C] worked as an editor[D] read the Miami Journal4. The attitude of NBS top executive to the CMA takeover was that _____.[A] he was opposed to the purchase[B] he hoped the takeover would bot affect the system's fame[C] he was afraid NBS would suffer serious financial loss[D] he could not leave his present position5. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?[A] Jessica Callahan---a Successful Woman[B] CMA---from British to USA[C] CMA Buying NBS?[D] CMA's Attractive Offer to NBS参考答案：D C C B BIn recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, mergingintosuper systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantialcost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such "captive" shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. "Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?" asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be his with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortuning fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the 2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail's net railway operating income in 1996 was just million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who's going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.1. According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because .A. cost reduction is based on competitionB. services call for cross-trade coordinationC. outside competitors will continue to existD. shippers will have the railway by the throat2、What is many captive shippers' attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?A. A.Indifferent.B. Supportive.C. Indignant.D. Apprehensive.3、It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that .A. shippers will be charged less without a rival railroadB. there will soon be only one railroad company nationwideC. overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate reliefD. a government board ensures fair play in railway business4. The word "arbiters" (line 6, paragraph 4)most probably refers to those .A. who work as coordinatorsB. who function as judgesC. who supervise transactionsD. who determine the price5. According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by .A. the continuing acquisitionB. the growing trafficC. the cheering Wall StreetD. the shrinking market参考答案：CDCBAWhen school officials in Kalkaska, Michigan, closed classes last week, the media flocked to the story, portraying the town's 2,305 students as victims of stingy (吝啬的) taxpayers. There is some truth to that; the property-tax rate here is one-third lower than the state average. But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkaska's educators and the state's largest teachers' union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a political point. Their aim was to spur passage of legislation Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state's share of school funding.It was no coincidence that Kalkaska shut its schools two weeks after residents rejected a 28 percent property-tax increase. The school board argued that without the increase it lacked the $1.5 million needed to keep schools open.But the school system had not done all it could to keep the schools open. Officials declined to borrow against next year's state aid, they refused to trim extracurricular activities and they did not consider seeking a smaller—perhaps more acceptable—tax increase. In fact, closing early is costing Kalkaska a significant amount, including $ 600,000 in unemployment payments to teachers and staff and $ 250,000 in lost state aid. In February, the school system promised teachers and staff two months of retirement payments in case schools closed early, a deal that will cost the district $ 275,000 more.Other signs suggest school authorities were at least as eager to make a political statement as to keep schools open. The Michigan Education Association. hired a public relations firm to stage a rally marking the school closings, which attracted 14 local and national television stations and networks. The president of the National Education Association, the MEA's parent organization, flew from Washington, D. C, for the event. And the union tutored school officials in the art of television interviews. School supervisor Doyle Disbrow acknowledges the district could have kept schools open by cutting programs but denies the moves were politically motivated.Michigan lawmakers have reacted angrily to the closings. The state Senate has already voted to put the system into receivership (破产管理) and reopen schools immediately; the Michigan House plans to consider the bill this week.1. We learn from the passage that schools in Kalkaska, Michigan, are funded .A. mainly by the state governmentB. exclusively by the local governmentC. by the National Education AssociationD. by both the local and state governments2. One of the purposes for which school officials closed classes was .A. to draw the attention of local taxpayers to political issuesB. to avoid paying retirement benefits to teachers and staffC. to pressure Michigan lawmakers into increasing state funds for local schoolsD. to make the financial difficulties of their teachers and staff known to the public3. The author seems to disapprove of .A. the shutting of schools in KalkaskaB. the involvement of the mass mediaC. the Michigan lawmakers' endless debatingD. delaying the passage of the school funding legislation4. We learn from the passage that school authorities in Kalkaska are more concerned about .A. making a political issue of the closing of the schoolsB. the attitude of the MEA's parent organizationC. a raise in the property-tax rate in MichiganD. reopening the schools there immediately5. According to the passage, the closing of the schools developed into a crisisbecause of .A. the strong protest on the part of the students' parentsB. the political motives on the part of the educatorsC. the weak response of the state officialsD. the complexity of the problem参考答案：DCAABThe United States is a country made up of many different races. Usually they are mixed together and can't be told from one another. But many of them still talk about where their ancestors came from. It is something they are proud of.The original Americans, of course were the Indians. The so- called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many came from other countries like Germany and France.One problem the United States has always had is discrimination. As new groups came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to finally escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough the worst discrimination today is shown towards the Indians.One reason the Indians are discriminated against is that they have tried so hard to keep their identity. Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese a Chinatown in New York. The Dutch settlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason from the other groups for staying separately. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keep together in a racial group.Although some groups have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against, all groups have helped make the United States a great county. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country.Many people still come from other countries to help the United States grow. A good example is the American project that let a man walk on the moon. It was a scientist from Germany who was most responsible for doing that. It is certain that in the future the United States will still need the help of people from all racialgroups to remain a great country.1. Which of the following statements can best describe the main idea of this passage?A. The United States is a country made up of many different races.B. Discrimination is the most serious problem in the United States.C. All races in the United States have helped make the country a great one.D. The prosperity of the United States is mainly due to the hard work of the most discriminated races.2. In the first paragraph the word "told" means_________.A. separatedB. distinguishedC. revealedD. made known3. This passage implies that discrimination is a problem which .A. many races in the United States have experiencedB. will still be very serious in the United States in the futureC. has already been solved in the United StatesD. is strongly opposed by many different races in the United States4. The main reason why the Indians are most discriminated against is that .A. they have tried hard to keep their religionsB. they have tried hard to live together to keep their Indian customsC. they are the only ones who have tried to keep their identityD. they discriminate many other races5. The Dutch live separately in Pennsylvania .A. to escape discriminationB. to keep together in a racial groupC. to enjoy themselves in their own townsD. for religious reasons参考答案：CBABDSilicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock to in search of fame, fast money and to participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age.With the rapid spread of the Internet and the relentless technological innovations generated through it, the information era is truly upon us, profoundly influencing and changing not only our lifestyle, but also the way we work, do business, think and communicate with others.It is noteworthy that close to 50% of its skilled manpower, including engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs, come from Asia. Prominent among them are Indians and Chinese, and not a few Singaporeans.Intellectual challenges aside, it is a common practice for start-ups to offer generous share options to employees in order to attract the right talent into their folds. This is a powerful incentive to motivate the staff to do their utmost and to share in the company's prosperity if it reaches its goal. Many regard this as the foundation of a successful enterprise.（184 words）1. Why is Silicon Valley compared with a magnet? BecauseA. it is very famous.B. it attracted numerous talented people.C. numerous talented people flock to it.D. its impact will surpass European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution.2. What does “it” in 2nd paragraph refer to?A. the InternetB. the rapid spread of the InternetC. the information eraD. our lifestyle3. What does “its” in 2nd paragraph mean??A. Silicon Valley’sB. the Internet’sC. Asia’sD. America’s4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the common practice for start-ups?A. Intellectual challenges.B. Generous share options.C. Sharing in the company's prosperity.D. A successful enterprise.5. The main idea of the passage isA. Silicon Valley’s successB. the information era upon usC. Intellectual challengesD. practice of successful enterprise参考答案：BAADATo paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animalrights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, "Then 1 would have to say yes." Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers." Such well-meaning people just don't understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable wayin human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done. Scientists could "adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.1. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to .A. call on scientists to take some actionsB. criticize the misguided cause of animal rightsC. warn of the doom of biomedical researchD. show the triumph of the animal rights movement2. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is .A. cruel but naturalB. inhuman and unacceptableC. inevitable but viciousD. pointless and wasteful3. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's .A. discontent with animal researchB. ignorance about medical scienceC. indifference to epidemicsD. anxiety about animal rights4. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should .A. communicate more with the publicB. employ hi-tech means in researchC. feel no shame for their causeD. strive to develop new cures5. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is -A. a well-known humanistB. a medical practitionerC. an enthusiast in animal rightsD. a supporter of animal research参考答案：ABBADIt is plain that in the year 2000 everyone will have at his elbow several timesmore mechanical energy than he has today.There will be advances in biological knowledge as far-reaching as those that have been made in physics. We are only beginning to learn that we can control our biological environment as well as our physical one. Starvation has been predicted twice to a growing world population: by Malthus in about 1800, by Crookes in about 1900. It was headed off the first time by taking agriculture to America and the second time by using the new fertilizers. In the year 2000, starvation will be headed off by the control of the diseases and the heredity(遗传) of plants and animals—by shaping our own biological environment.Now I come back to the haunting theme of automation. The most common species in the factory today is the man who works or minds a simple machine—the operator. By the year 2000, the repetitive tasks of industry will be taken over by the machines, as the heavy tasks were taken over long ago; and the mental tedium will go the way of physical exhaustion. Today we still distinguish, even among repetitive jobs, between the skilled and the unskilled; but in the year 2000 all repetition will be unskilled. We simply waste our time if we oppose this change; it is as inevitable as the year 2000 itself.1. The article was written to _____.[A] warn us of the impending starvation[B] present facts about life in the near future[C] oppose biological advances[D] warn of the evil side of automation2. Advances in biological knowledge were _____.[A] kept pace with advances in physics[B] been responsible for the invention of new machines[C] surpassed those in physics[D] lagged behind those in physics3. According to the passage,starvation _____.[A] can be predicted[B] is unavoidable[C] can be prevented[D] is mainly caused by poor agriculture4. Repetitive tasks in industry lead to _____.[A] physical exhaustion[B] mental stimulation[C] mental exhaustion[D] extinction5. If the predictions of this writer are realized,the demand for the unskilled workers in the twenty-first century will be _____.[A] very high[B] very low[C] the same as today[D] constantly rising参考答案：B D C C BIn these days of technological triumphs, it is well to remind ourselves from time to time that living mechanisms are often incomparably more efficient than their artificial imitations. There is no better illustration of this idea than the sonar system of bats. Ounce for ounce and watt for watt, it is billions of times more efficient and more sensitive than the radars and sonars designed by man. Of course, the bats have had some 50 million years of evolution to refine their sonar. Their physiological mechanisms for echo location, based on all this accumulated experience, therefore merit our thorough study and analysis. To appreciate the precision of the bats' echo location, we must first consider The degree of their reliance upon it. Thanks to sonar, an insect-eating bat can get along perfectly well without eyesight. This was brilliantly demonstrated by an experiment performed in the late eighteenth century by the Italian naturalist Lazure Spallanzani. He caught some bats in a bell tower, blinded them, and released them outdoors. Four of these blind bats were recaptured after they had found their way back to the bell tower, and on examining their stomachs' contents, Spallanzani found that they had been able to capture andfill themselves with flying insects. We know from experiments that bats easily find insects in the dark of night, even when the insects emit no sound that can be heard by human ears. A bat will catch hundreds of soft-bodied, silent-flying moths in a single hour. It will even detect and chase pebbles tossed into the air.1. The passage is mainly about _____.[A] living mechanisms and their artificial imitations[B] the remarkable sonar system of bats[C] the deficiencies of man-made sonars[D] the experiment of "blind-bats"2. Where of the following statements is true?[A] Living mechanisms are always more efficient than their artificial imitations.[B] Bats rely on their sonar system as well as eyesight to eat insects.[C] The sonar system of bats has had 50 million years to be refined.[D] People have discovered the bats' sonar system thousands of years age.3. Lazzoro Spallanzani demonstrated that a bat can get along well without eyesight through _____.[A] He caught soem bats and blinded them and released them.[B] Four of these blind bats found their way back.[C] He recaptured the four returned bats.[D] The stomachs' of the blind bats found to be fill with flying insects.4. Bats find insects in the dark of night with the help of _____.[A] echoes[B] eyesight[C] sound waves[D] none ofthe above5 Implied but not stated _____.[A] Pebbles tossed into the air make no sound that can be heard by human ears[B] A bat will catch hundreds of months in a single hour[C] Insect-eating bats are totally blind[D] The sonar system of bats is as good as man-made sonar参考答案：B C D D AThe heritage of English law brought with it the seeds of American liberty-not the flower and the fruit, which were to be produced after long labor and painful struggle. Nevertheless, the seeds were there and they sprouted, took root and have continued to grow. To this extent, the inheritance was valuable, but it is not to be denied that even though English law gave us the seeds of liberty, it also imposed upon us a vast amount of useless lumber that we have not swept away entirely --- after three hundred years of unceasing effort. Even the system of trial by jury, in spite of its enormous value, came to us with burdensome, outworn ideas and unnecessary precautions, on the one hand, and with no adequate means of adaptation to changing conditions, on the other. For one thing, in the early days it was assumed that ignorance of the facts was a guarantee of a juror's impartiality. At that time, when means of communication were few and slow, there was something to be said for the idea; but today, when means of communication were abundant and almost instantaneous, ignorance of the facts is evidence, not of impartiality, but of extraordinary stupidity, or of extraordinary indifference. The rule that a juror must be ignorant of the facts is, therefore, a rule that operates against, not for the effort to fill the jury box with honest men of ordinary intelligence. It has become so hopeless, indeed, that the courts literally ceased long ago trying to enforce it. It is, nevertheless, still a theoretical part of the system.1 The passage is main about _____.[A] the seeds of American literty[B] the system of trial by jury[C] a theoretical weakness of the jury system[D] the changing conditions in the jury system2. The inheritance of English law brought with it _____.[A] the seeds of American literty[B] the flower and fruit of American literty[C] some ideas and precautions which were useless[D] both A and C3. The assumption that ignorance of the facts was a guarantee of a juror's impartiality _____.[A] was reasonable neither in the past nor at present[B] was extraordinary stupid or indifferent[C] is not valid under the changing conditions[D] has been proved reasonable4. The rule that a juror must be ignorant of the facts is _____.[A] no longer a theoretical part of the system[B] no longer strictly enforced[C] against the theoretical basis[D] still strictly enfore5. Which of the following statements is true?[A] The rules of the trial system should be more flexible to adapt to the changing conditions.[B] The members of the jury should be of extraordinary intelligance.[C] Ignorance of the facts on the part of a juror today is evidence of impartiality.[D] When means of communication had proved abundant,there was nothing to be said for the idea.。
2014年MBA英语真题及参考答案完整版
2014年MBA英语真题及参考参考答案完整版Section I Use of English (10%)Directions: Read the following text. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1 that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases. Compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually __ 2 . For example heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. __ 3 , among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an 4 of good health.Of even greater 5 is the fact that turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined 6 body mass index, or BMI. BMI 7 body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be moral weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, __8 , Can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 other with a low BMI may be in poor 11 . For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely , someone with a small frame may have high body fat buta 13 BMI.Today we have a(n) 14 to label obesity as a disgrace. The overweight are sometimes 15In the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes 16 with obesity include laziness ,lack of will power, and lower prospects for success. Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. 17 very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and testing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes towards obesity, _ 18 in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity 19 .My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obema has launched a high-visibility campaign 20 children obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1. (A) concluded (B) ensured (C) doubted (D) denied2. (A) dangerous (B) protective (C) sufficient (D) troublesome3. (A) Instead (B) However (C) Likewise (D) Therefore4. (A) objective (B) indicator (C) origin (D) example5. (A) impact (B) relevance (C) assistance (D) concern6. (A) in favor of (B) in case of (C) in term of (D) in respects of7. (A) equals (B) determines (C) measures (D) modifies8. (A) in turn (B) in contrast (C) in essence (D) in part9. (A) complicated (B) conservative (C) variable (D) straightforward10. (A) so (B) unless (C) since (D) while11. (A) shape (B) spirit (C) balance (D) taste12. (A) start (B) qualify (C) stay (D) retire13. (A) strange (B) constant (C) normal (D) changeable14. (A) option (B) tendency (C) opportunity (D) reason15. (A) employed (B) pictured (C) imitated (D) monitored16. (A) compared (B) combined (C) settled (D) associated17. (A) Yet (B) Still (C) Even (D) Only18. (A) despised (B) ignored (C) corrected (D) grounded19. (A) discussions (B) businesses (C)policies (D)studies20. (A) against (B) for (C) without (D) with参考答案：1-5 ABCBD 6-10 CAADD 11-15 ABCBB 16-20 DCDCASection II Reading Comprehension (50points)Part ADirections: Read the following passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1What would you do with $590m? This is now a question for Gloria MacKenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. The blogosphere is full of advice for this lucky Powerball pensioner. But if she hopes her new-found lucre will yield lasting feeling of fulfilment, she could do worse than read “Happy Money”by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton.These two academics---she teachers psychology at the University of British Columbia; he lectures on marketing at Harvard BusinessScholl---use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and palatial homes on remote bluffs. Yet satisfaction with these material purchase wears off fairly quickly. What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; remorse creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dum and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time---as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most “happiness bang for your buck ”.It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television(something the average American spends a whopping two monthsa year doing, and is hardly jollier for it ). Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason McDonald’s restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing gimmick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of “Happy Money” are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfilment, not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich an poor people. Not everyone will agree with the authors’ policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.21. According to Dunnand Norton, while of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A] A rich meal [B] A special tour [C] A stylish car [D] A big house22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV .[A] critical [B] supportive [C] sympathetic [D] ambiguous23. Mcrib is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to show that .[A] popularity usually comes after quality[B] consumers are sometimes irrational[C] marketing tricks are often effective[D] rarity generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph, Happy Money .[A] may prove to be a worthwhile purchase[B] has left much room for readers’ criticism[C] has predicated a wider income gap in the US[D] may give its readers a sense of achievement25. This text mainly discusses how to .[A] balance feeling good and spending money[B] spend large sums of money won in lotteries[C] obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent[D] become more reasonable in spending on luxuries21-25 BADBAText 2An article in Scientific American has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually you think you’re more beautiful than you are.We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing(to use the psychological terminology) strategies to achieve this. Social psychologists have。
2014年1月份MBA联考英语答案
2014年1月4日管理类联考英语二真题参考答案客观题参考答案Section I Cloze1. 选（A）concluded2. 选（B）protective3. 选（C）Likewise4. 选（B）indictor5. 选（D）concern6. 选（C）in term of7. 选（A）equals8. 选（A）in turn9. 选（D）straightforward10. 选（D）while11. 选（A）shape12. 选（B）qualify13．选（C）normal14．选（B）tendency15．选（B）pictured16．选（D）associated17．选（C）Even18．选（D）grounded19．选（C）policies20．选（A）againstSection II Reading ComprehensionPART ATEXT 121．（B）A special tour22．（A）critical23．（D）rarity generally increases pleasure24．（A）may prove to be a worthwhile purchase25．（C）obtain lasting satisfaction from money spentTEXT 226．（A）our self-ratings are unrealistically high27．（B）intuitive response28．（C）believe in their depression29．（B）instinctively30．（B）withholds their unflattering sidesTEXT 331．（B）highlight machines’ threat to human jobs32．（A）technology is diminishing man’s job opportunities33．（D）designed against human activity34．（B）the formula for how work is conducted efficiently35．（C）Can We Win the Race Against MachinesTEXT436．（D）involves certain political factors37．（A）suffered government biases38．（A）prepare to reduce housing stock debt39．（C）contribute to funding new developments40．（C）renew the affordable housing grants programmePART B[D]represents the elegance of the British land art[E]depicts the ordinary side of the British land art.[G]contains images from different parts of the same photograph[C]reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.[A]originates from a long walk that the artist took.翻译参考答案Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,” says, Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor .According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happens, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down---say, after giving a band lecture—he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner, some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and whatdoesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.大多数人可能把乐观定义为无休止的快乐,就像水杯中永远有半杯水一样。
2014年MBA英语真题及答案
2014年MBA英语真题及答案2014年MBA/MPA/MPACC英语真题Directions：Read the following text.Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）Thinner isn‘t always better.A number of studies have__1___that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually___2___.For example，heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thinwomen.___3___among the elderly，being somewhat overweight is often an___4___of good health.Today we have a（an）_14_to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight aresometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered.Stereotypes_16_with obesity include laziness，lack of will power，and lower prospects for success.Teachers，employers，and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese._17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight，and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.1.[A]denied [B]conduced [C]doubled[D]ensured2.[A]protective [B]dangerous[C]sufficient [D]troublesome3.[A]Instead [B]However [C]Likewise[D]Therefore4.[A]indicator [B]objective [C]origin[D]example5.[A]impact [B]relevance [C]assistance[D]concern6.[A]in terms of [B]in case of [C]in favor of [D]in of7.[A]measures [B]determines [C]equals[D]modifies8.[A]in essence [B]in contrast [C]in turn[D]in part9.[A]complicated [B]conservative[C]variable [D]straightforward10.[A]so [B]unlike [C]since [D]unless11.[A]shape [B]spirit [C]balance[D]taste12.[A]start [B]quality [C]retire [D]stay13.[A]strange [B]changeable [C]normal[D]constant14.[A]option [B]reason [C]opportunity[D]tendency15.[A]employed [B]pictured [C]imitated[D]monitored16.[A] [B]combined [C]settled[D]associated17.[A]Even [B]Still [C]Yet [D]Only18.[A]despised [B]corrected [C]ignored[D]grounded19.[A]discussions [B]businesses[C]policies [D]studies20.[A]for [B]against [C]with [D]withoutDirections：Translate the following text from English into Chinese.Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.（15 points）Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy，with a glass that‘s perpetually half fall.But that’s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn‘t recommend.“Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.”s ays Tal Ben-Shahar，a Harvard professor，According to Ben-Shalar，realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen，but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers.When he feels down-sag，after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission to be human.He reminds himselfthat mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner；some will be less effective than others.Next is reconstruction，He analyzes the weak lecture，leaning lessons，for the future about what works and what doesn‘t.Finally，there is perspective，which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life，one lecture really doesn’t matter.英语二大作文Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart.In your essay, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments。
2014年mba试题7.29(英语)
1. Failure in a required subject may result in the ______of a diploma.A)refusal B)betrayal C)denial D)burial2. To help students understand how we see, teachers often draw an ______between an eye and a camera.A)image B)analogy C)imitation D)axis3. A 1999 World Bank report concluded that ______girls in school was probably the single most effective anti-poverty policy in the developing world today.A)assigning B)admitting C)involving D)enrolling4. The authored of report is well ______with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.A)acquainted B)informed C)accustomed D)known5. When the farmers visited the city the first time, they were ______by its complicated traffic system.A)evoked B)bewildered C)diverted D)undermined6. E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying messages that _______ well to human needs.A) adheres B) reflects C) conforms D) satisfies7. The wings of the bird still ______ after it had been shot down.A) slapped B) scratched C) flapped D) fluctuated8. The disagreement over trade restrictions could seriously ______relations between the two countries.A) tumble B) jeopardize C) manipulate D) intimidate1. 答案：C译文：必修科目考试不及格可能会导致得不到毕业证。
2014年MBA英语试题1
2014MBA英语试题基础班一、词汇1. The car is quite ______ of petrol.A.economicB. economicalC. savingD. sparing2. No one imaged that the apparently ______ businessman was really a criminal.A.respectfulB. respectableC. respectiveD. respecting3.American women were ______ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.A. ignoredB. neglectedC. refusedD. denied4. He is indifferent _____ hardships and dangers.A.ofB. inC. toD. at5. In the theatre the actors are very ______ to the reaction of the audience.A.sensibleB. sensitiveC. emotionalD. positive6. There were some _____ flowers on the table.A.artificialB. unnaturalC. falseD. unreal7. I caught a _____ of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.A.visionB. glimpseC. lookD. scene8. If you want to know the train schedule, please _____ at the booking office.A. acquireB. inquireC. requestD. require9. Listen carefully, the voices on this tape are barely ______ .A.edibleB. sensibleC. audibleD. feasible10. Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't＿＿so much noise．A. resistB. sustainC. tolerateD. undergo11. As a result of careless washing，the jacket＿＿to a child's size．A. compressedB. shrankC. droppedD. decreased12. Since the matter was extremely＿＿，we dealt with it immediately．A. toughB. tenseC. urgentD. instant13. Even though he was guilty，the＿＿judge did not send him to prison.A. mercifulB. impartialC. conscientiousD. conspicuous14. I think she hurt my feelings＿＿rather than by accident as she claimed.A.virtuallyB. deliberatelyC. literallyD. appropriately15. As an excellent shooter，Peter practiced aiming at both＿＿targets and moving targets．A. standingB. stationaryC. stillD. stable16. The president made a＿＿speech at the opening ceremony of the sports meeting，which encouraged the sportsmen greatly．A. vigorousB. tediousC. flatD. harsh17. The government is trying to go something to＿＿better understanding between the twocountries．A. raiseB. promoteC. heightenD. increase18. Remember that customers don’t＿＿about prices in that city．A.debateB. consultC. disputeD. bargain19. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six _____ libraries specially serve the countryside.A. mobileB. driftingC. shiftingD. rotating20. The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have _____ supplies of petroleum.A. proficientB. efficientC. potentialD. sufficient21. It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _____ knowledge.A. extensiveB. expansiveC. intensiveD. expensive22. Though the long-term _____ cannot be predicted, the project has been proved by the committee.A. affectB. effortC. effectD. afford23. The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal villages: several fishing boats were _____ and many houses collapsed.A. wreckedB. spoiledC. tornD. injured24. They took _____ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A. fruitfulB. beneficialC. validD. effective25. Language has always been — as the phrase goes — the mirror to society. English is no _____.A. explanationB. excuseC. exceptionD. expectation26. The house is very _____, and furthermore, it’s too far from the town.A. neatB. spaciousC. expensiveD. fashionable27. A lamp is concrete and you can touch it, but its brightness is _____ .A. academicB. abstractC. absurdD. absolute28. To our _____ , Geoffrey’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.A. anxietyB. reliefC. viewD. judgment29. Although Asian countries are generally more _____ in social customs than Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.A. consistentB. comprehensiveC. confidentialD. conservative30. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _____ healthy.A. preserveB. stayC. maintainD. reserve31. With prices _____ so much, it’s hard for the company to plan a budget.A. fluctuatingB. wavingC. swingingD. vibrating32. I suggested he should _____ himself to his new conditions.A. adoptB. regulateC. suitD. adapt33. All the key words in the article are printed in _____ type so as to attract readers’ attention.A. darkB. boldC. denseD. black34. If this kind of fish becomes _____, future generations may never taste it at all.A. scarceB. minimumC. shortD. seldom35. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _____ it.A. postponeB. refuseC. delayD. cancel36. The clothes a person wears may express his _____ or social position.A. curiosityB. statusC. determinationD. significance37. I didn’t know the work. I had to _____ a dictionary.A. look outB. make outC. refer toD. go over38. It is said that the math teacher seems _____ towards bright students.A. partialB. beneficialC. preferableD. liable39. The hopes, goals, fears and desires _____ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A. alterB. shiftC. transferD. vary40. Harry was _____ by a bee when he was collecting the honey.A. scratchedB. bittenC. stuckD. stung41. The lawyer advised him to drop the _____ , since he stands little chance to win.A. caseB. eventC. affairD. incident42. Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still _____ .A. blankB. hollowC. vacantD. bare43. My brother’s plans are very _____ ; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.A. abundantB. ambitiousC. arbitraryD. aggressive44. The football game comes to you _____ from New York.A. liveB. livelyC. aliveD. living45. The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural _____.A. transmissionB. transformationC. traditionD. transportation46. There is no _____ to the house from the main road.A. edgeB. avenueC. exposureD. access47. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play _____ roles in raising children.A. insensibleB. indispensableC. incapableD. infinite48. He _____ to his customers and halved the price.A. leakedB. yieldedC. drewD. quoted49. Our hopes _____ and fell in the same instant.A. aroseB. raisedC. roseD. aroused50. This ticket _________ you to a free boat tour on the lake.A. entitlesB. appointsC. grantsD. credits二、翻译1. Undergraduate students have no access to the rare books in the school library.2. Reporters and photographers alike took great offence at the rude way the actor behaved duringthe interview.3. Topics for composition should be relevant to the experiences and interests of the students.4. Sometimes the students may be asked to write about his reaction to a certain book or article thathas some bearing on the subject being studied.5. Tony has not the least intention of giving up his research work.[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。
2014年1月mba联考英语真题及答案解析-2014年1月MBA联考英语真题及答案
2014年1月mba联考英语真题及答案解析|2014年1月MBA联考英语真题及答案Section I Use of English1、B concluded题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。
根据句义，后面的部分实际上是研究的结论，因此concluded符合题意，其他选项denied(否认)与意义相反，doubled(翻倍)与题意较远，ensured(确保)不符合题意，因为研究不能确保后面的事实，只能得出后面的事实作为结论。
所以正确答案为B。
2、A protective题干中，对于某些健康情况，超重事实上是有_____。
根据前文研究的结论，超重能减少罹患疾病的风险，说明超重具有一定的保护作用。
Dangerous和文章意思相反，sufficient表示充足，troublesome表示有麻烦，不符合题意，所以正确答案为A。
3、C likewise第三句话中，较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。
_____，在老年人中，一定程度上超重……。
需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。
A选项instead表示逆接的句意关系，B选项however也表示逆接，D选项therefore表示因此，只有C选项likewise意为同样地;也，而且。
因此正确答案为C。
4、A indicator本句话中，_____，一定程度上超重，经常是健康的_____。
A选项，表示指示器，指标。
B选项objective表示客观;C选项origin表示来源，D选项example表示例子。
根据前面的文章内容，已经明确指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指标。
因此正确答案为A。
5、D concern本句话的句意是，需要更加_____是，很难对肥胖加以定义。
A、impact(印象);B、relevance(相关性);C、assistance(辅助);D、concern(关注)。
前文已经说到肥胖事实上有利健康，但是又面临一个问题，到底如何去定义肥胖，因此需要更加关注的是对肥的定义，其他选项均不符合题意，所以正确答案为D。
2014管理类联考英语真题(含答案)
Section I Use of English (10%)Directions: Read the following text. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Thinner isn ’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity _19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1.[A]denied [B]concluded [C]doubled [D]ensured 2014 年管理类专业学位全国联考英语（二）试卷12.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern6.[A]in terms of[B]in case of[C]in favor of[D]in respects of7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies8.[A]in essence[B]in contrast[C]in turn[D]in part9.[A]complicated[B]conservative[C]variable[D]straightforward10.[A]so[B] while[C]since[D]unless11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste12.[A]start[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored16.[A]compared[B]combined[C]settled[D]associated17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only18.[A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded19.[A]discussions[B]businesses[C]policies[D]studies20.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following passages.Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A B C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1What would you do with590m?This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie,an84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small,tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history.If she hopes her new-found fortune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment,she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dunn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive.Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes.Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly.What was once exciting and new becomes old-hat;regret creeps in.It is far better to spend money on experiences,say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton,like interesting trips,unique meals or even going to the cinema.These purchases often become more valuable with time---as stories or memories---particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most“happiness bang for your buck.”It seems most people would be better off if they couldshorten their commutes to work,spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television（something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing,and is hardly jollier for it）.Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself,and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly.This is apparently the reason MacDonald’s restricts the availability of its popular McRib-a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of Happy Money are clearly a privileged lot,anxious about fulfillment,not hunger. Money may not quite buy happiness,but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones.Yet the link between feeling good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world,and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people.Not everyone will agree with the authors’policy ideas,which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers.But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.21.According to Dunn and Norton,which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A]A big house[B]A special tour[C]A stylish car[D]A rich meal22.The author’s attitude toward Americans’watching TV is.[A]critical[B]supportive[C]sympathetic[D]ambiguous23.Macrib is mentioned in paragraph3to show that.[A]consumers are sometimes irrational[B]popularity usually comes after quality[C]marketing tricks are often effective[D]rarity generally increases pleasure24.According to the last paragraph,Happy Money.[A]has left much room for readers’criticism[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase[C]has predicted a wider income gap in the US[D]may give its readers a sense of achievement25.This text mainly discusses how to.[A]balance feeling good and spending money[B]spend large sums of money won in lotteries[C]obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent[D]become more reasonable in spending on luxuriesText2An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that,actually,you think you’re more beautiful than you are.We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to achieve this.Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what they called the“above-average effect”,or“illusory superiority”,and shown that,for example,70%of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93%in driving and85%at getting on well with others---all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose-tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations.We become defensive when criticized,and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem,we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key study into self-enhancement and attractiveness.Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compared with others,he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves from a line-up including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive.Visual recognition, reads the study,is“an automatic psychological process,occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”.If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image---which must did---they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.Epley found no significant gender difference in responses.Nor was there any evidence that, those who self-enhance the most(that is,the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real)were doing so to make up for profound insecurities.In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real,directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher self-esteem.“I don’t think the findings that we have are any evidence of personal delusion”,says Epley.“It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves”.If you are depressed,you won’t be self-enhancing.Knowing the results of Epley’s study,it makes sense that many people hate photographs of themselves so viscerally---on one level,they don’t even recognize the person in the picture as themselves.Facebook,therefore,is a self-enhancer’s paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos,the cream of their wit,style,beauty,intellect and lifestyle.“It’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest,”says Catalina Toma of Wiscon-Madison University,“but they portray an idealized version of themselves.”26.According to the first paragraph,social psychologists have found that______.[A]our self-ratings are unrealistically high[B]illusory superiority is baseless effect[C]our need for leadership is unnatural[D]self-enhancing strategies are ineffective27.Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______[A]rapid watching[B]conscious choice[C]intuitive response[D]automatic self-defense28.Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______[A]underestimate their insecurities[B]believe in their attractiveness[C]cover up their depressions[D]oversimplify their illusions29.The word“viscerally”（Line2,para.5）is closest in meaning to_____.[A]instinctively[B]occasionally[C]particularly[D]aggressively30.It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer's paradise because people can_____.[A]present their dishonest profiles[B]define their traditional life styles[C]share their intellectual pursuits[D]withhold their unflattering sidesText3The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution,but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and fragile recoveries.And yet,it would be a mistake to think we are right now simply experiencing the painful side of a boom and bust cycle.Certain jobs have gone away for good,outmoded by machines.Since technology has such an insatiable appetite for eating up human jobs,this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can’t immediately foresee.When there is exponential improvement in the price and performance of technology,jobs that were once thought to be immune from automation suddenly become threatened.This argument has attracted a lot of attention,via the success of the book Race Argument the Machine,by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee,who both hail from MIT’s Center for Digital Business.This is a powerful argument,and a scary one.And yet,John Hagel,author of The Power of Pull and other books,says Brynjolfsson and McAfee miss the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place.Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S that tend to be“tightly scripted”and“highly standardized”ones that leave no room for“individual initiative or creativity.”In short,these are the types of jobs that machines can perform much better at than human beings.That is how we have put a giant target sign on the backs of American workers,Hagel says.It’s time to reinvent the formula for how work is conducted,since we are still relying on a very20th century notion of work,Hagel says.In our rapidly changing economy,we more than everneed people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination“to respond to unexpected events.”That’s not something machines are good at.They are designed to perform very predictable activities.As Hagel notes,Brynjolfsson and McAfee indeed touched on this point in their book.We need to reframe race against the machine as race with the machine.In other words,we need to look at the ways in which machine can augment human labor rather than replace it.So then the problem is not really about technology,but rather,“how do we innovate our institutions and our work practices?”31.According to the first paragraph,economic downturns would.[A]ease the competition of man vs.machine[B]highlight machines’threat to human jobs[C]provoke a painful technological revolution[D]outmode our current economic structure32.The authors of Race Against the Machine argue that.[A]technology is diminishing man’s job opportunities[B]automation is accelerating technological development[C]certain jobs will remain intact after automation[D]man will finally win the race against machine33.Hagel argues that jobs in the U.S are often.[A]performed by innovative minds[B]scripted with an individual style[C]standardized without a clear target[D]designed against human creativity34.According to the last paragraph,Brynjolfssonan Mcafee discussed.[A]the predictability of machine behavior in practice[B]the formula for how work is conducted efficiently[C]the ways machines replace human labor in modern times[D]the necessity of human involvement in the workplace35.Which of the following could be the most appropriate title for the text?[A]How to Innovate Our Work Practices[B]Machines will Replace Human Labor[C]Can We Win the Race Against Machines[D]Economic Downturns Stimulate InnovationsText4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads,railways,broadband and energy.Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that?To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame.We have not beengood at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth.Then there is the scale of the typical housing project.It is hard to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure project,so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere.But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.Nevertheless,the affordable housing situation is desperate.Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this.It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that.The communities minister,Don Foster,has hinted that George Osborne,Chancellor of the Exchequer,may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt.Evidence shows that60,000extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted,increasing GDP by0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment,which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.But it is not just down to the government.While these measures would be welcome in the short term,we must face up to the fact that the existing£4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing,set to expire in2015,is unlikely to be extended beyond then.The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition’s spending plans if it returns to power.The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to era of large-scale public grants.We need to adjust to this changing climate.36.The author believes that the housing sector.[A]has attracted much attention[B]involves certain political factors[C]shoulders too much responsibility[D]has lost its real value in economy37.It can be learned that affordable housing has.[A]increased its home supply[B]offered spending opportunities[C]suffered government biases[D]disappointed the government38.According to Paragraph5,George Osborne may_______.[A]allow greater government debt for housing[B]stop local authorities from building homes[C]prepare to reduce housing stock debt[D]release a lifted GDP growth forecast39.It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would.[A]lower the costs of registered providers[B]lessen the impact of government interference[C]contribute to funding new developments[D]relieve the ministers of responsibilities40.The author believes that after2015,the government may.[A]implement more policies to support housing[B]review the need for large-scale public grants[C]renew the affordable housing grants programme[D]stop generous funding to the housing sectorPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Emerging in the late Sixties and reaching a peak in the Seventies,Land Art was one of a range of new forms,including Body Art,Performance Art,Action Art and Installation Art,which pushed art beyond the traditional confines of the studio and gallery.Rather than portraying landscape,land artists used the physical substance of the land itself as their medium.The British land art,typified by Richard Long’s piece,was not only more domestically scaled, but a lot quirkier than its American counterpart.Indeed,while you might assume that an exhibition of Land Art would consist only of records of works rather than the works themselves,Long’s photograph of his work is the work.Since his“action”is in the past the photograph is its sole embodiment.That might seem rather an obscure point,but it sets the tone for an exhibition that contains a lot of black-and-white photographs and relatively few natural objects.Long is Britain’s best-known Land Artist and his Stone Circle,a perfect ring of purplish rocks from Portishead beach laid out on the gallery floor,represents the elegant,rarefied side of the form. The Boyle Family,on the other hand,stand for its dirty,urban prising artists Mark Boyle and Joan Hills and their children,they recreated random sections of the British landscape on gallery walls.Their Olaf Street Study,a square of brick-strewn waste ground,is one of the few works here to embrace the mundanity that characterizes most of our experience of the landscape most of the time.Parks feature,particularly in the earlier works,such as John Hilliard’s very funny Across the Park,in which a long-haired stroller is variously smiled at by a pretty girl and unwittingly assaulted in a sequence of images that turn out to be different parts of the same photograph.Generally however British land artists preferred to get away from towns,gravitating towards landscapes that are traditionally considered beautiful such as the Lake District or the WiltshireDowns.While it probably wasn’t apparent at the time,much of this work is permeated by a spirit of romantic escapism that the likes of Wordsworth would have readily understood.Derek Jarman’s yellow-tinted film Towards Avebury,a collection of long,mostly still shots of the Wiltshire landscape,evokes a tradition of English landscape painting stretching from Samuel Palmer to Paul Nash.In the case of Hamish Fulton,you can’t help feeling that the Scottish artist has simply found a way of making his love of walking pay.A typical work,such as Seven Days,consists of a single beautiful black-and-white photograph taken on an epic walk,with the mileage and number of days taken listed beneath.British Land Art as shown in this well selected,but relatively modestly scaled exhibition wasn’t about imposing on the landscape,more a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art created passing through.It had its origins in the great outdoors,but the results were as gallery-bound as the paintings of Turner and Constable.[A]originates from a long walk that the artist took41.Stone Circle[B]illustrates a kind of landscape-orientated light conceptual art42.Olaf Street Study[C]reminds people of the English landscape painting tradition.43.Across the Park[D]represents the elegance of the British land art44.Towards Avebury[E]depicts the ordinary side of the British land art45.Seven days[F]embodies a romantic escape into the Scottish outdoors[G]contains images from different parts of the same photograph. Section III Translation46.Directions:In this section there is a passage in English.Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy,with a glass that’s perpetually half fall. But that’s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend.“Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.”says Tal Ben-Shahar,a Harvard professor, According to Ben-Shalar,realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen,but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers.When he feels down-sag,after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission to be human.He reminds himself that mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner;some will be less effective than others.Next is reconstruction,He analyzes the weak lecture,leaning lessons,for the future about what works and what doesn’t.Finally,there is perspective,which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life,one lecture really doesn’t matter.Section IV WritingPart ADirections:Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John,a local student.Write him to email to1）tell him about your living habits,and2）ask for advice about living there.You should write about100words on answer sheet.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.Do not writ your address.(10points)Part BDirections:Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET.（15points）You should1.Interpret the chart,and2.Give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.（15points）2014 年 MBA 全国考试英语真题答案11—15：A BCDB16—20：DADCB 1—5：BACAD 6—10：ACCDB 21—25：BADBC 26—30：ACBAD31—35：BADDC 36—40：B CACD 41—45：DEGCA一46.大多数人愿意把乐观定义为无尽的欢乐，总觉得杯子里的水还有半。
2014MBA英语模拟预测试题及答案（一）
2014MBA英语模拟预测试题及答案（一）以下《2014MBA英语模拟预测试题及答案（一）》由在职研究生频道为您精心提供，希望对您有所帮助。
Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and markA, B, C or D on Answer Sheet 1. (10 points)Imagine fishermen walking down to the seashore, ready to carry out their early morning routine of preparing their boats and net. _1_ they hope for a good catch of fish. But to their _2_, a horrible sight meets their still sleepy eyes. Thousands of fish have been washed _3_ dead. The cause of this mass destruction? A red tide!Red tides are a global _4_. They have been observed on both the Atlantic and the Pacific coasts of the United States and Canada. They have also _5_ in many other places. Though relatively few people are _6_ them, red tides are not new.In the Philippines, a red tide was first seen in the province of Bataan in 1908. Since then, red tides have been seen in many other _7_. A Philippines red tide expert told us that "_8_ the fish kills, the Philippines has documented 1,926 cases of dead shellfish poisoning caused by red tides."The term "red tide" _9_ the discoloration of water that sometimes occurs in certain areas of the ocean or sea. Although the color is often red, it may also be _10_ of brown or yellow. The World Book Encyclopedia reports that "the discolored areas may range from _11_ a few square yards to more than 2, 600 square kilometers."What causes such discoloration? Red tides are generallycaused by several _12_ of single-celled organisms. These tiny organisms have hair-like projections which they use to _13_ themselves in water. There are about 2,000 varieties of these organisms, 30 of which carry poisonous _14_. These minute organisms usually stay in warm waters with high content of salt.A red tide occurs when there is a sudden and rapid _15_ of these organisms. The concentration of these organisms may _16_ to 50, 000, 000 per quart of water! Although scientists do not fully understand why this happens, it is known that these organisms _17_ when certain conditions simultaneously affect the water. These include abnormal weather, _18_ temperatures, an oversupply of nutrients in the water, a generous _19_ sunlight, and favorable water currents. When a heavy rainfall occurs, minerals and other nutrients are sometimes washed _20_ the land into coastal water. These nutrients can contribute to the breeding of the organisms. The result? Red tides!1. A. As a result B. As it is C. As expected D. As usual2. A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. astonishment D. regret3. A. ashore B. aboard C. aside D. across4. A. question B. crisis C. phenomenon D. situation5. A. occupied B. occurred C. acquired D. accused6. A. assured of B. worried about C. concerned about D. aware of7. A. sandy beaches B. river mouths C. coastal areas D. reef areas8. A. except B. besides C. despite D. without9. A. applies to B. sums up C. copes with D. leads to10. A. shadows B. shades C. shakes D. shapes11. A. less than B. more than C. as much as D. as little as12. A. components B. elements C. ingredients D. species13. A. propel B. probe C. proceed D. prompt14. A. materials B. substances C. masses D. objects15. A. bolt B. block C. bloom D. blast16. A. scale B. plunge C. gauge D. swell17. A. accelerate B. accommodate C. accumulate D. accompany18. A. optimum B. minimum C. maximum D. momentum19. A. means of B. amount of C. way to D. account for20. A. over B. on C. by D. from在职研究生推荐链接：。
2014年考研英语历年真题和答案(英语一)
2014考研英语一试题完整版Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text .Choose the word(s) for each numbered blank andmark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET .(10 points)As many p eople hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be .We suddenly can’t remember ___we put the keys just a moment ago ,or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name o f an old band we used to love .As the brain ___,we referto these occurrences an “senior moments.” ___ seemingly innocent , this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) ___impact on our professional, social , and personal___.Neuroscientists ,experts who study the nervous system ,are increasinglyshowing that there’s actually a lot that can be done .It___out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do ,and the rightmental ___can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___.Thinking is___essentially a ___of making connections in the brain .To a certainextent ,our ability to ___in marking the connections that drive intelligence is inherited . ability to ___in making the connections aremade t hrough effort and practice ,___,because these connections are made through effort and practice , scientists believe that intelligence canexpand and fluctuate ___ mental effort .Now , a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___and developed thefirst “ brain training program ” designed to actually help peopleimprove and regain their mental ___.The Web-based program ___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills . The program keeps ___of your progress and providesdetailed feedback ___ your performance and improvement .Most importantly,it ___modifies and enhances the games you play to ___ on the strengthsyou are developing - much like a(n) ___ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use .1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obsucure5. [A]wellbeing [B]envirenment [C]relationahip [D]outlook6. [A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7. [A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8. [A]genre [B]functions [C]cicumstances [D]criterion9. [A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10. [A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11. [A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However12. [A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13. [A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14. [A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15. [A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16. [A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17. [A]to [B]with [C]for [D]on18. [A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19. [A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20. [A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiarSection 2 Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text bychoosing A,B,CorD.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1In order to "change lives for the better" and reduce "dependency." George Osbome, C hancellor of the Exchequer, inroduced the "upfront work search" sebeme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV. registerfor online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligiblefor benefit - and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker's allowance. "There first few days should be spentlooking for work, not looking to sign on." he4 claimed, "We're doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster." Help? Rellay? On first hearing, thiswas the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for thebetter, complete with "reforms" to an obviously indulgent system thatdemands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, andsubsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was hiszeal for "fundamental fairness" - protecting the taxpayer, controllingspending and ensuring that only the most descring claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the jobcenter with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that suport is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the workenvironment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, thecrucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answeris always : a job.But in Osbomeland, your first instinct is to fall into depency - permanent dependency if you can get it - supported by a state only too ready toindulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of erer-thougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happend. Theprinciple of British welfare is no longer that you cna insure yourselfagainst the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments ifthe disaster happens. Even the very phrase "jobseeker's allowance" isabout redefining rhe unemployed as a "jobseeker" who had no fundamentalright to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance," conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement andno insurance, at $71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.21. George Osborue’s scheme was intended to[A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits.[B]encourage jobseekers active engagement in job seeking.[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily.[D]guarantee jobseekers legitimate right to benefits.22. The phrase “to sign on “most probably means[A] to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre.[B]to accept the government’s restriction on the allowance.[C]to register for an allowance form the government.[D]to attend a government job-training program.23. What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all[B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C] An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24.According to Paragraph 3，being unemployed makes one feel[A]uneasy[B]enraged[C]insulted[D]guilty25.To which of the following would the author most probably agree?[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers laziness.[B]Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.[C]The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.Text2All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the membersof any other profession -with the possible exception of journalism. Butthere are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis spending on legal servicesin America grew twice as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-fullof money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But mostlaw graduates never get a big -firm job. Many of them instead become thekind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costlt nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawer in most American states afour-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today's average law-school graduate with ＄1000,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies thatgovern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. Oneidea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Anotheris to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stem enough test for a would-be lawyer, thosewho can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so. Students who do notneed the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-likeownership syucture of the business. Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may n ot own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money r ather than serve clients ethically.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firmsto use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms' efficiency.After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have startedliberalizing there legal professions. America should follow.26. A lot of students take up law as their profession due to[A] the growing demand from clients.[B] the increasing pressure of inflation.[C] the prospect of working in big firms.[D] the attraction of financial rewards.27. Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in mostAmerican states?[A] Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.[B] Admissions approval from the bar association.[C] Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.[D] Receiving training by professional associations.28. Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from[A] la wyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.[B] the rigid bodies governing the profession.[C] the stern exam for would-be lawyers.[D] non-professionals’ sharp criticism.29. The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive” partly because it[A] bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession.[B] keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.[C] aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.[D] prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.30. In this text, the author mainly discusses[A] flawed owners hip of America’s law firms and causes.[B] the factors that help make a successful lawyer in American.[C] a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it.[D] the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education.Text 3The USS3-millon Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in Mach A nd it is far from the only one of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accountsof internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in theirchosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientistsquoted in the News F eature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige ofthe Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for thosebehind them, say scientists. They could distort the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Somewant to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better rewardthose who have made their careers in research.As Nature has pointed before, there are some legitimate concerns abouthow s cience prizes –both new and old –are distributed. The breakthrough prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living,has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research –as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored whenit comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobelswere, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who haddecided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem c lear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money a nd attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize andquestion the mechanism – that is the culture of research, after all –but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wiseto take such gifts with gratitude and grace.31.The Fundamental physics Prize is seen as[A] a symbol of the entrepreneurs' wealth[B] a possible replacement of the Nobel Prizes[C] an example of bankers' investments[D] a handsome reward for researchers32.The critics think that the new awards will most benefit[A]the profit-oriented scientists[B]the founders of the new awards[C]the achievement-based system[D]peer-review-led research33.The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case which involves[A]contreversies over the recipients’ status[B]the joint effort of modern researchers[C]legitimate concerns over the new prizes[D]the demonstration of research findings34.According to Paragraph4, which of the following is true of the Nobels?[A]Their endurance has done justice to them[B]Their legitimacy has long been in dispute[C]They are the most representative honor[D]History has never cast doubt on them35.the author believes that the now awards are[A]acceptable despite the criticism[B]harmful to the culture of research[C]subject to undesirable changes[D]unworthy of public attentionText 4“The Heart of the Matter, ”the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences （AAAS）， deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity andsecurity of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the critics facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent liners tothe AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by“federal, atste and local”to “maintain national excellence in humanitie s and social scientific scholarship and education.”In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission's 51members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives. As well ad prominent figuresfrom diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Becauserepresentative government representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy, stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls fornicated investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improvestudents' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement ofscholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challengers of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately, despite 2% years in the making,“ The heart of the Matter” never gets to the heart of the matter, the illiberal nature of libraryeducation at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don't know the content and character of liberaleducation and are thus deprived of its benefits.Sadly,the spirit ofinquiry once at home o n campus has been replaced by the use of humanities and social sciences an vehicles for publicizing “progressive, ”or left-liberal propaganda.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas-such as free marketsand self-reliance-as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?[A] Critical[B] Appreciative.[C] Contemptuous.[D] Tolerant.37. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to[A] retain people’s interest in liberal educ ation.[B] define the government’s role in education.[C] keep a leading position in liberal education.[D] safeguard individuals’ rights to education.38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggest[A] an exclusive study of American history.[B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects.[C] the application of emerging technologies.[D] funding for the study of foreign languages.40. Which of the following would would be the best title for text?[A] Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Matter”[B] Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter”[C] The AAAS’s Contribution to Liberal Education[D] Progressive Policy vs. Liberal EducationPart BDirectionsThe following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent articleby choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes.Paragraphs A and E have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)[A] Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable-forexample, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece; the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located bymeans of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911.Thousands of Aztec artifacts came t o light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.[B] In another case, American archaeologists Rene Million and GeorgeCowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak aroundAD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world.The researchers mapped not only the city ‘s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where commonpeople lived.[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking forwhen there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically,they survey and sample(make test excavations on)large areas of terrainto determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the largerlandscapes that contain archaeological sites.[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many r esearchers working around the ancient Maya c ity of Copan, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individualdwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. the resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of therural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850,when Copan collapsed.[E] Te find their sites ,archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques ,Airborne technologies ,such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft , allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging , Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such an ancient buildings or fields.[F] Most archaeological sites , however , are discovered by archaeologistswho have set out to look for them .Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites . Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the King for seven years before be located the tomb in 1922 .In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens ,Greece He was sear ching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture thatdominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC .Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led him to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knosos), on the island of Crete , in 1900.[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful .Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking , looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery ,They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape .Archaeologists also may l ocate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar ,magnetic-field recording ,and metaldetectors . Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites .Two and three-dimensional maps a re helpful tools in planning excavations , illustrating how sites look , and presentingthe results of archaeological research.41. > A >42. > E >43. > 44. >45.PART CDirections:Read the following text carefully and them translate the underlinedsegments into Chinese .Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Music means different things to different people and sometimes evendifferent things to the same person at different moments of his life. Itmight be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human b eing. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely andexclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanentcoexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is thestrength of music. (46)It is also the reason why when we try to describemusic with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, andnot grasp music itself.Beethoven’s importance in music has been principally defined by therevolutionary nature of his compositions. He freed music from hithertoprevailing conventions of harmony and structure. Sometimes I feel in his late works a will to break all signs of continuity. The music is abruptand seemingly disconnected, as in the last piano sonata. In musicalexpression, he did not feel restrained by the weight of convention. (47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and Ifind courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.This courageous attitude in fact becomes a requirement for the performers of Beethoven’s music. His composit ions demand the performer to show courage, for example in the use of dynamics. (48)Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an intense crescendo and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word.He was not interested in daily politics, but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society. (49)Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of theindividual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression. Beethoven’s music tends to move fro m chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may l ead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation. It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word. (50)One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.Section 3 WritingPart A51. Directions:Write a letter of about 100 words to the president of your university,suggesting how to improve students’ physical condition.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name a t the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET(20 points)来。
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2014年mba英语模拟试题及答案（一）全国硕士研究生考试英语试题A1Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. 1 the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are 2 . Paper is also bio-degradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. 3 45 out of every 100 tons of wood fiber used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fiber from forests and plantations. By world standards this is a good 4 since the world-wide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and 5 schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have 6 even greater utilization of used fiber.7 , industry’s use of recycled fibers is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fiber over the coming years.Already, waste paper 8 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology 9 to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled 10 in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also 11 . We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; 12 stationery may be less white and 13 a rougher texture. There also needs to be 14 from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper 15 to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous 16 .There are technical 17 to the amount of paper which can be recycled and some paper products cannot be collected for reuse. These include paper 18 books and permanent records, photographic paper and paper which is badly contaminated. The four most common 19 of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather large amounts of packaging material 20 goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material. The paper manufacturer pays a price for the paper and may also incur the collection cost.1.A.Despite B.Unlike C.With D.Even2.A.replaceable B.removable C.respectable D.responsible3.A.While B.When C.If D.Because4.A.function B.quality C.consequence D.performance5.A.tidying B.classifying C.placing D.selecting6.A.given rise to B.thrown light on C.paved the way for D.made use of7.A.As a result B.In the end C.All in all D.In conclusion8.A.consumes B.consults C.constructs D.constitutes9.A.inquired B.required C.resorted D.indicated10.A.contest B.contact C.content D.contend11.A.contribute B.pay C.award D.reward12.A.such as B.just as C.other than D.for example13.A.by B.in C.of D.for14.A.encouraged B.supported C.defended D.bred15.A.available patible C.durable D.negligiblepounds positions C.mixtures D.items17.A.requests B.needs C.limitations D.problems18.A.in the form of B.in the light of C.in the case of D.in the name of19.A.materials B.resources C.substances D.sources20.A.to which B.in which C.by which D.through whichSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1What exactly was the historical significance of Nov. 9, 1989? Having spent much of the summer of that year in Berlin, I have long bitterly regretted that I was not there to join in the party the night the wall came down. I mean, what kind of an aspirant historian misses history being made?But two Berlin friends recently made me feel better by confessing that, despite being in the right city on the right date, they too missed the fall of the wall. One simply slept through the tumultuous events that unfolded after an East German official casually stated that the border was open. Her brother tried to rouse her, but she assumed he was joking when he shouted through her bedroom door: "The wall's coming down!" My other friend deliberately went to bed early to be fresh for a morning yoga class. It took her a while the next morning to work out why she was the only one to show up.That set me thinking. Could it be that my friends and I didn't in fact miss an event of world-historical importance? Was the fall of the Berlin Wall not really History with a capital H, but just news with a lower-case n—a wonderful story for journalists but, 20 years on, actually not that big a deal? Could it be that what happened 10 years earlier, in the annus mirabilis 1979, was the real historical turning point?Sure, it was nice for East Germans, Czechs, Hungarians, and Poles—not to mention the peoples of the Baltics, the Balkans, Ukraine, and the Caucasus—that they got rid of dreary communism and discovered the pleasures (and occasional pains) of free markets and free elections. What the British historian and eye-witness Timothy Garton Ash has called the "refolution" (reform plus revolution) that swept Central and Eastern Europe was a splendid thing, not least because the communist regimes were toppled with amazingly little bloodshed. Only in Yugoslavia, where the communists clung to power in the guise of Serbian nationalists, was there the kind of celebration that usually accompanies the end of empire—and Yugoslavia, paradoxically, was the Eastern European country that had been the first to break free of Moscow, and the first to introduce market reforms.It may seem perverse to question the historical significance of the collapse of the Soviet empire in Mitteleuropa, and then the collapse of the Soviet Union itself. I suspect most Americans today share the Yale historian John Lewis Gaddis's view that 1989 saw the triumphant end of the Cold War, a victory achieved above all by President Ronald Reagan, though nobly assisted by Margaret Thatcher—despite her deep reservations about the unintended consequences of German reunification—and the Polish Pope John Paul II.21. In the very beginning, the author’s experience is mentioned to _____.A. reveal his status of being a historianB. introduce the topic of this essayC. call attention to the historical eventD. take pride in his being a witness22. According the second paragraph, which of the following is TRUE?A. two Berlin residents accompanied the writer to the fall of the wallB. the event was started first on the western side of the famous wallC. one friend was warming up for a yoga class for that special nightD. most people were absent from the class the day after the fall-down23. By ‘paradoxically”, the author means ______.A. the last communist regime turned out to be the first one against communismB. Yugoslavia remained a communist loyalty even after the Soviet collapseC. A British scholar created a funny word which was really splendid in EuropeD. The fact that little blood was spilled over this revolution surprised most scholars24. In the view of J.L.Gaddis, the end of Cold War _____.A. was brought about by the collapse of the Soviet UnionB. was accomplished with the assistance of GermansC. was notably attributed to the leadership of ReaganD. was deeply doubted by the British prime minister25. The author seems to be mainly concerned with ______.A. significance of historical eventsB. story of the toppled Berlin wallC. reporting of some witnessesD. suspicion of historiansText 2On Wednesday, the Iowa Department of Public Health reported the first confirmed case of H1N1 in a house pet, a 13-year-old domestic shorthaired cat. The animal likely contracted the virus from its owners, veterinarians say, since two of the three family members living in the cat's household had recently suffered from influenza-like illness. Late last week, when the cat came down with flu-like symptoms — malaise, loss of appetite — its owners brought it to Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine for treatment. The family mentioned to the vet that they had also recently battled illness, which led to testing the pet for H1N1.It's not yet clear how vulnerable cats, dogs and other household animals may be to the new virus, but the Iowa cat's case reinforces just how different H1N1 is from seasonal flu viruses. Although some household cats and certain wild cats in zoos have gotten ill with avian influenza, and dogs have their own canine version of the flu virus, pets don't normally get sick with the regular human flu. "There has never been a report of human seasonal influenza affecting cats or dogs," says Dr. Julie Levy, director of Maddie's Shelter Medicine Program at the College of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Florida.It's possible that the Iowa cat's case may be a bellwether of future pet disease, but it's also possible it was just a fluke event. At the cat's advanced age, its immune system may not have been as adept at fending off influenza as that of a younger animal — similar to the vulnerability seen in aging humans. Still, says Dr. Ann Garvey, state public-health vet at the Iowa Department of Public Health, "We just don't know. We really don't."Garvey notes that despite nearly 25,000 cases of positive, lab-confirmed H1N1 in people reported in the U.S. since last spring, the Iowa cat is the first pet to be documented with the virus. But before pet owners start suspecting Fido and Fluffy of being H1N1 hotbeds, Garvey stresses that so far, no cases of influenza of any kind in pets — including cases of bird flu — are known to have moved from animals into people. And even among the animals, the virus does not appear to spread easily, which may further suggest that pets are not ideal reservoirs for influenza.That's good news for pet lovers and flu worriers. And so is the fact that the cat seems to be recovering well from its bout with H1N1. "Both the owners and the cat are recovering," says Garvey. As for anyone else who is worried about spreading H1N1 flu to their pets, vets recommend following the same guidelines that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest for protecting family members — wash your hands frequently, cover your coughs and try to avoid close contact with your furry friends until you're well.26. Which of the following can be diagnosed as flu according to the passage?A. constant coughB. running noseC. decreased desire for eatingD. loss of weight27. Dr. Levy maintains that ______.A. human virus is unlikely to pass on to household pets.B. H1N1 can be treated likewise to regular seasonal flu.C. wild cats can be particularly vulnerable to flu virus.D. Canine version of the flu virus is shared among cats.28. From paragraph 3, we may learn that ______.A. H1N1 may not be the sole contributor to the Iowa cat’s conditionB. Smaller animals are more proficient to defeat the invasion of fluC. The fact that aged people have higher risk is not proved true yet.D. The immune system of the Iowa cat has already been destroyed29. According to Dr. Garvey, the flu virus _____.A. was first documented in the Iowa catB. could be easily transferred to human beings.C. spread faster than any other type of bird fluD. might be effortlessly fended off by various pets.30. The tone used by the author seems to be_____.A.neutralB.optimisticC.subjectiveD.worriedText 3Do you think you're more likely to look at an online ad if it contains 1) a picture, 2) an animation, or 3) just text? The answer: just text. Surprised? Well, now consider the man who was checking his e-mail when he came across a dating-service ad featuring a picture of a bikini-clad woman. He looked at the woman's face and chest once — and then at the surrounding text five times. The Internet has cracked open a brave new world for folks whose job it is to spend ad dollars. The ability to track where a Web-user clicks provides a sort of precision intelligence advertisers could have only dreamed of in decades past. But before a click comes a look, and according to new research, advertisers are often wrong about what attracts our attention.The findings are presented in a chapter of a new book, Eyetracking Web Usability, by Jakob Nielen and Kara Pernice of the consultancy Nielsen Norman Group. Don't let the bland title fool you — what Nielsen and Pernice have done is track the eye movements of hundreds of people as they navigate Web sites, looking up advice on how to deal with heartburn, shopping for baby presents, picking cell-phone features, learning about Mikhail Baryshnikov. By bouncing infrared beams off a person's retinas and recording head movement with a camera, the researchers were able to deduce what sort of ads garner attention in real time — a methodology that runs laps around later asking people to recall what they saw.Now, looking at an ad and being vaguely aware of it are two different things. Plenty passes through our peripheral vision, but because of the way the eye works, we only thoroughly see things that we stop at and observe deliberately. By that measure, people in the study saw 36% of the ads on the pages they visited —not a bad hit rate. The average time a person spent looking at an ad, though, was brief — one-third of a second.Interestingly, people who were just browsing the Web only looked at 5% more ads than those trying to accomplish a specific task. Even when we're on a mission, we're still fairly willing to stop and look at an ad. Though there was one sort of web site where ads rarely registered: pages built around search boxes, Google's tribute to white space on its home page might be sleek design.Then there was the result that most surprised the researchers: Text-only ads received the most looks. Part of that might be because we accidentally think text-only ads are part of the information we're looking for. But as Nielsen explains it, the nature of the Web itself might be coming into play, as well. Unlike television, which is a passive medium, the Web is all about taking action.31. It can be inferred from the beginning that _____.A. it takes longer for a man to observe a woman than to read the text ad.B. the customer attention is more often than not ignored by advertisers.C. Tracing back to the user used to be thought of as an impossibility.D. A brave new world is open to those who enjoy spending money32. Ordinary people browse the internet for the sake of ____A. buying gifts for kidsB. offering professional adviceC. exchanging mobile phonesD. studying Russian history33. “peripheral”(Paragraph 3) probably means _____.A. accurateprehensiveC.mistyD.intentional34. It can be concluded that ads. attract the most attention because _____.A. information tends to be disguised in text ads.B. we’re willing to stop a task and to read ads.C. search boxes are designed for catching attention.D. the interactive Internet plays an undeniable role.35. What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphs?A. An example to show how Web works for text-only ads.B. A summary of what those researchers have discovered.C. An introduction to TV channels showing text ads.D. A transition to online ads in the form of animationText 4Depending on who you are, where you grew up, and, frankly, the color of your skin, you'll most likely react in one of two ways to Precious: Based on the Novel 'Push' by Sapphire. The film tells the story of Claireece (Precious) Jones and her struggle to survive a life overfull with misery. Pregnant for the second time with a child fathered by her own father, abused physically, emotionally, and sexually by her mother, Precious is also illiterate, obese, and friendless. Precious is not an easy movie to watch, and there are people in the black community who wish that you wouldn't. They insist that it is yet another stereotypical, demonizing representation of black people. The other camp, however, is thrilled to see a depiction of a young African-American woman that, while heartbreaking, is a portrait of the black experience that has been overlooked on the sunny horizon that stretches from The Cosby Show to House of Payne. Unfortunately, both of those reactions miss the movie's most searing message.I wish I could agree with those who say Precious is just one more movie that feeds our vision of ourselves as victims. Even that would have been better than what lies underneath: the fact that black people have begun to accept as unchangeable the lot of those stuck in the ghetto.How else to explain that while the film is set in 1987, no one seems outraged that so little has changed in the inner city in the more than 20 years since? Precious is a period piece that feels like a documentary. The public-education system is still failing to raise graduation rates above 50 percent in the worst neighborhoods. The public-welfare system has yet to offer a real path out of poverty, and child-protection services is still struggling to protect children. While I agree that we've gotten too comfortable seeing ourselves on film as martyrs and underdogs, so what? The real devastation at the heart of this film is that it can't offer Precious a more concrete way out of her predicament. Yes, Precious is changed at the end of the movie, able not only to read and write but also to move toward a better life. But that isn't enough.I wanted just a hint that she would also escape the hell that was (is) urban poverty. Precious was lucky to find the alternative school that could help her. But that's fiction. In reality, there are far more Preciouses than there are teachers to help them. Movies such as this one allow us to forget that.36. One reaction to Precious is that____.A. it often ignored the black experienceB. there was a distorted image of blacksC. the story exhibited too much miseryD. it broke the heart of American women37. The basic attitude towards blacks in The Cosby Show can be described as ______.A. typicalB.positiveC.indifferentD.objective38. “lot”(Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to _____.A.lotteryB.hardshipC.futureD.destination39. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.less than half of the students can graduate in some areasB. poor people can’t receive enough support from the systemC. kids are still under-protected and prey to family abuseD. Precious is more than fortunate to get rid of her misfortune40. This piece of writing seems to be taken from _____.A.a film reviewB.a book commentaryC.a newspaper clipD.a story reportPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by finding a subtitle for each of the marked parts or paragraphs. There are two extra items in the subtitles. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)A Further StudyB Length of CoursesC High SchoolD GenderE Student SourceF Educational BackgroundG Student AgeA recently published analysis of a major survey taken of international students in Australia is providing up-to-date data for teachers and marketers of English language training programs.41._______________________________________________The major regions of student representation in the survey were Asia with 73.4% of students, Europe 10.2%, Pacific 0.5%, and Other 7%. Japanese students formed the largest national group, representing 34% of the student population. Other national regional groups represented, in descending order, were Taiwan, Korea, Indonesia, Switzerland, Hong Kong, Thailand, other European countries, China, and Iran. Increases in arrivals since the early 1990s have occurred from all China, with an increase of almost 50% form Western Europe.42._______________________________________________Approximately one-third of the students questioned, three-quarters were 25 and under, Only 8% were aged over 20 years and under, and almost 30, and fewer than 3% were over 35. Almost half of all students aged between 31 and 35 were students in Australia on student visas. As expected, a very high proportion (79%) of working holiday visa holders were aged between 21 and 25. Tourist visa holders ranged from under 20 to 31. The oldest students were from Iran, with 60% aged over 30 and 25% over 35. Students from China also tended to be older than other nationalities, with 25% in the over 30 age bracket. More than half the Korean students were in their early 20s, with only a few over 25. Students from Hong Kong were also predominantly young, with over half aged under 20. At least 20% of students from all major national groups, except Korea and China, were under 20 years of age. Indonesian students were the youngest, with over 60% under 20.43._______________________________________________Overall, female students outnumbered male students in the survey. However, there were more males than females from four countries: Iran, Indonesia, Korea, and, to a lesser extent, China. Females accounted for 60% of students from Taiwan, Switzerland, and Japan. Gender differences concerning the responses to questions were noticed, but varied widely according to nationality.44._______________________________________________A very high proportion (87%) of students had completed senior high school or better. Just under one-third had completed a university degree, and 5% had completed a postgraduate degree. Over a third had at least completed high school, and over 20% had completed a technical diploma or junior college. Students with a maximum middle school education formed less than 7% of all respondents, and came predominantly from Hong Kong, Indonesia, and Taiwan. Iranian students were among the highest educated, with more than half having already completed a postgraduate degree. Koreans, Thais, and Chinese were also particularly well educated, with over 60% of each national group having completed at least a first a university degree. Almost half of the Japanese and more than half of the Swiss respondents had completed education to senior high school level or less.45._______________________________________________While student visa holders took either 10-29 week or 40 week courses, most students on working holiday and tourist visas took courses of less than 10 weeks, or from 10 to 19 weeks in length. More than 50% of all students were taking courses of between 10 and 29 weeks, with the proportion fairly evenly divided between the 10-19 week and 20-29 week ranges. A large proportion of students were taking courses of at least 40 weeks in length, and only a few students in dictated enrollment in courses shorter than 10 weeks. There were noticeable differences between nationalities, with Koreans, Japanese, and Taiwanese taking longer courses than other nationalities, and Swiss and other European students taking much shorter courses.Section III TranslationDirections:In this section there is a text in English. Translate the text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Graduating students from Harvard Business School are lining up in their droves to sign an oath which requires them to “create value responsibly and ethically”.The oath is the brainchild of second-year Harvard MBA Maxwell Anderson, who hoped that 50 per cent of the Harvard class of 900 students would sign up to the oath by graduation this week. The oath was initiated just three weeks ago.Harvard is not the first school to come up with the idea of an MBA oath or pledge. Thunderbird in Arizona instigated the scheme some years ago. And when MBAs from the Ivey school at the University of Western Ontario in Canada graduate they take the Ivey Pledge and wear the Ivey Ring, which signifies their lifetime commitment “to act honorably and ethically in all dealings, in the belief and knowledge that doing so will lead to a greater good and, above all, aspire to make a positive contribution to my society.”Section IV WritingPart ADirections: Based on the situation below, you’re asked to read it carefully and then write a letter to suggestion in 80-100 words on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)情景设计：由于去图书馆借书时，发现图书馆的电脑大部分键盘在操作上都有问题，并且购买新书或者订购学术性期刊的工作效率低下，同时，自习室的照明设备也不够明亮，希望能够提高图书馆的服务质量。