听力教程4unit1听力原文 主编：施心远

Unit 1

Section One Tactics for Listening

Listening and Translation

1.A college education can be very costly in the United States.

在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2.R ising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.

费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3.T here are different federal loans and private loans for students.

有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.

在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.

人们越来越担心，很多学生将背着沉重的债务从大学毕

业。

Section two Listening Comprehension

Part 1 Dialogue-Social Grouping

Interviewer: Right. You're talking about social groupings here. Could you tell us something about the

ways animals form into groups?

Nike Down: Yes. Er, many, many animals are very solitary* animals. The only times they get

together is when they mate, or when they're

bringing up their young. The majority of

animals are solitary, but a very significant

group of mammals and insects, like ants and

termites*, bees and wasps, are very social and

they group together because in a group it's

much safer. You can defend yourself more easily

if you're in a group, you can find males more

easily if you're in a group, and you can change

the world around you by working with the

others if you live in a group. Solitary animals

have a much more difficult time in many ways. Interviewer: You mentioned lions and other carnivores* earlier on. Do they group very much?

Nike Down: Yes. Most cats in fact don't group. Er, lions and, to a lesser extent, cheetahs* are the only

cats that group together. A group of lions is

called a pride*, and you might get anything up

to 15 or 20 lions in a pride. A pride of lions

would have perhaps two or three males,

perhaps a dozen females, and then the cubs.

But the real lion group consists of females with

their cubs. The males tend to stay for a few

years and then they get kicked out by a group

of younger males that come in and take over. Interviewer: And how about the apes?

Nike Down: Ah, well, now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes — some apes

— live in very, very big and complicated social

groups. Not all. Orangutans*, for example, big

apes that live in Indonesia and Malaysia —

they're very solitary and one adult may meet

another adult only once every two or three

years, when a male and a female mate, and then,

the only relationship will be between a mother

and her baby. The baby will stay with the

mother for two or three years, four years, five

years even, learning from the mother, learning