听力教程4unit1听力原文主编：施心远

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施心远主编听力教程答案Unit

A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 3Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translationscore higher than boys in almost every country.几乎在所有国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。

2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate.男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。

3. Cultural and economic influences play an important part..文化和经济影响起着重要的作用。

4. But recent findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain.但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在男女大脑的差异。

5. These include differences in learning rates.这些包括学习速度上的差异。

Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueExercise: Listen to the dialogue and filling the blanks with the missing information.Serenading Service was founded three years ago when the singerrealize that British people were desperate for romance. He thought there would be a clientele for a hired serenader. The idea came from his studies of Renaissance music, which is full of serenades.Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally he is asked to sing to men.The service is really a form of intimate alfresco theatre with love songs. He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts or flowers and when there is no balcony available he will sing from trees or fire escapes!The fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is ￡450but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Some people are so moved that they burst into tears, but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very careful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted.Part 2 PassageEx. A. Pre-listening QuestionWhat memory strategies do you know that can help you remember thingsbetter1) Brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance.2) Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something or not.3) Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know.4) You can learn and remember better if you can group ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.5) The brain's quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images.6) Memory is increased when facts to be learned are consciously associated with something familiar to you.Ex. B: Sentence Dictationare methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.4. Association is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it..5. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory. T. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. "Mnemonic" is another word for memory tool.)2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information.T (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.)3. Information we have to remember is almost always presented in different ways.F (Unfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way--as words printed on a page.)4. We can do four things to form striking images, which will help to make our mnemonics more memorable.T ( Use positive, pleasant images; use vivid, colorful, sense-laden images; use all your senses to code information or dressup an image; give our image three dimensions, movement and space.)5. There is one basic principle in the use of mnemonics.F (There are three fundamental principles underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, association and location)6. Association is what we use to create and strengthen imagination.F (Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics.)7. You can choose the imagery in your mnemonics as you likeT (The imagery you use in your mnemonics can be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it help you to remember.)8. You can create associations by linking things using the same stimuli.T. (You can create associations by linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.)Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is the basic principle of mnemonics Why can we improve our memory by following the principleTo use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store information.Evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli. Use these to makesophisticated models of the world.Our memories store all of these effectively.However, information is presented in only one way. Language is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.By coding languages and numbers in striking images,/ can reliable code both information and structure of information. Then easily recall these later.2. Why is a good memory important to usOpen.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the Somali pirates’ strike.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and answer the questions.1.Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revengefor the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear.2.No, the pirates haven’t been deferred.3.Because the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remainso great and Somalia remains so lawless.4.At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen internationalwarships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres.5.It may be because of the relatively small scale of the problem.Tape script of News Item One:The piracy problem looks like it's here to stay despite the recent muscular interventions by the French and American navies. Whether this latest attempted hijacking was the promised revenge for the killing of three Somali pirates by the US navy isn't clear. But it does suggest at the very least that the pirates haven't been deterred.So why does the problem persist Put simply maritime security analysts say piracy will continue as long as the financial rewards for a successful hijacking remain so great and Somalia remains so lawless. Certainly the international effort to thwart the problem is relatively limited. At any one time there are only fifteen to eighteen international warships in the area to police an expanse of sea covering more than a million square kilometres. Although it has been suggested that raids could be mounted on the pirates' home towns, it seems unlikely there'll be any major increase in the military effort unless there's a spectacular hijacking involving the deaths of many crew members.The reluctance to mount a major international naval operation in the area may also be down to the relatively small scale of the problem. Last year, according to figures from the International Maritime Bureau, nearly twenty three thousand ships passed through the Gulf of Aden. Only ninety two were hijacked.Rob Watson, BBC NewsNews Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about Obama’s military plan in Afghanistan.Ex. B: True or false.1.The President is considering leaving Afghanistan.F. (The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan isnot an option.)2. Obama wouldn’t shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan, neither would he deploy more military troops.T.3. President Obama thought his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate".T.4. Opinions against Obama are not heard.F. (…some Republicans and me mbers of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)5. The conflict in Afghanistan seems to be over soon.F. (…about committing more resources and military per sonnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight.)6. Afghanistan can be the second Vietnam.T. (The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.) Script of News Item Two:The President is making it clear that leaving Afghanistan is not an option. It's not on the table. According to one White House source, he told the meeting that he wouldn't shrink the number of troops in Afghanistan or opt for a strategy of merely targeting al-Qaeda leaders. But he wouldn't be drawn on the military request for more troops.There appears to be a frustration that the review of strategy has sometimes been portrayed in black-and-white terms of a massive increase or reduction of troop numbers.President Obama told the group made up of the most senior Republican and Democrat senators and congressmen that his assessment would be "rigorous and deliberate". But it's going ontoo long for some Republicans and members of the President's own party are dubious about committing more resources and military personnel to a conflict where there is no end in sight. The word 'Vietnam' is heard more and more on Capitol Hill.The President was certainly right when he said his final decision wouldn't make everyone in the room, or the country, happy.Mark Mardell, BBC News, WashingtonNews Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about fragile peace that returns to Gaza.Ex. B: Listen again and fill in the blanks.There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazilyaround their shoulders.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that run beneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian sider. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Script of News Item 3There were traffic jams on the road north, families heading to Gaza City to reunite with friends and relatives. Long lines of cars backed up at the makeshift roadblocks the Israelis have left behind. But the tanks are gone, only the deep tracks remain.There were buildings pitted with Israeli tank rounds; from the holes that have been punched in the walls it was clear there had also been snipers waiting for them. North of Khan Younis we saw some of the Qassam fighters returning home, their rifles slung lazily around their shoulders.The destruction we've seen has largely been inflicted on the Hamas infrastructure: police stations, military outposts, government buildings, so far the most extensive damage - that at the border in Rafah where nothing was spared.For three weeks the Israelis pounded the tunnels that runbeneath the perimeter wall but last night we met people who insist that some of these tunnels are still open and still some fuel is being pumped from the Egyptian side; impossible for us to verify independently, but they say they are determined to reopen them and to dig them deeper. If the border crossings remain close, say the Palestinians, these tunnels are their only link to the outside world.Christian Fraser, BBC News, GazaSection FourPart 1 Feature reportExercise A:This news report is about the recreation of the prehistoric world in Liaoning, China, based on the scientific findings on fossils discovered there.Exercise B:1.35 prehistoric animals were created.2.They recreated the extinct beasts through the marriage of science,art and technology.3.The exhibit is not behind the glass or otherwise enclosed, sovisitors are eye to eye with extinct beasts. It is displayed in this way so that visitors will feel as if they’ve stepped intoa Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.4.He says it’s accurate because every single plant, every insect,every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China.5.The only thing scientists had to make up is what color some ofthe animals were.6.According to Michael Novacek, birds are living dinosaurs.7.They study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens andostriches to learn how similarly-built dinosaurs would stand or walk.8.By using high-tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gainedfrom the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower that the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.Script：Dinosaur Discoveries Made Possible through Art, Technology,Modern LivestockThe rolling hills of a province in northeastern China are now terraced for farming, but beneath that farmland are clues to a prehistoric world unlike any seen by human eyes - until this week.Some 130 million years after dinosaurs roamed the Liaoning forest, the world has been painstakingly recreated in New York City's American Museum of Natural History.The sound of the prehistoric forest is one of the few things that has been imagined in this 65 square-meter diorama. The gingko leaves, piney trees and life-sized models of 35 prehistoric animals were created through the marriage of science, art and technology, as every detail, down to the sleeping pose of a dinosaur, is based on scientific findings.The exhibit is not behind glass or otherwise enclosed, so visitors are eye-to-eye with extinct beasts, feeling as if they've stepped into a Chinese forest 130 million years in the past.Mark Norell is a paleontologist who has worked in Liaoning, searching for clues to recreate this prehistoric world."It's accurate because every single plant, every insect, every organic feature in it actually represents something that has been found as a fossil in northeastern China," he explained, "so the only thing that we had to sort of make up a little bit is what color some the animals were. Even though we know some of theme were patterned, but we know definitely that they were patterned, because we can seethat is the soft tissue remains, but we don't know what color they were but we try to be a little conservative in that regard, but nevertheless all the feathers you see, all the weird tail structures you see, is all stuff we found as fossils."Underneath the gingko trees, a feathered bird-like dinosaur chases on two legs after a large winged insect, the dinosaur's beak-like mouth open to reveal rows of jagged teeth. A sleeping dinosaur tucks its head beneath its arm, much as a modern goose tucks its head beneath its wing.The museum's curator of paleontology, Michael Novacek, explains that it is necessary to understand birds in order to better understand extinct creatures."The reason birds are so important to us is really a fact we weren't so aware of 10, 20 years ago is that birds are living dinosaurs. They're not just related to dinosaurs. They are dinosaurs," he stressed. "They're a branch of dinosaurs, so conveniently enough dinosaurs didn't go completely extinct. One group, the birds, survived."Scientists study the movements of commonplace turkeys, chickens and ostriches to learn how similarly built dinosaurs would stand or walk.Researchers even created a computer model of a giant chicken to learn more about the movements of the ever popular Tyrannosaurus Rex. By using high tech imagery, fossils, and the knowledge gained from the biology of barnyard animals, scientists now estimate the giant T-Rex could reach speeds of 16 kilometers per hour, far slower than the more than 70 kilometers per hour previously thought.These scientific findings are passed along to model designers, such as the creator of a six-foot-long mechanical T-Rex, a highlight of the new exhibit. The menacing skeleton's tail sways and its head bobs as the extinct dinosaur shifts its weight, plodding in place - yet another example of the never-before-seen becoming altogether real when science and technology meet art.Part 2 PassageExercise B1.The goal of this study was to determine what type of “gaze” isrequired to have this effect.2.The Queen’s study showed that the total amount of gaze receivedduring a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.3.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images formactors who conveyed different levels of attention.4.The researchers concluded that people in group discussions willspeak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members.5.The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughoutthe ages.6.Exercise C1. A2. D3. A4. D5. A6. C7. B8. BExercise D1.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images fromactors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members and the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.2.Open.Script:Eye Contact Shown To Affect Conversation Patterns, GroupProblem-Solving AbilityNoting that the eyes have long been described as mirrors of the soul, a Queen's computer scientist is studying the effect of eye gaze on conversation and the implications for new-age technologies, ranging from video conferencing to speech recognition systems.Dr. Roel Vertegaal, who is presenting a paper on eye gaze at an international conference in New Orleans this week, has found evidence to suggest a strong link between the amount of eye contact people receive and their degree of participation in group communications. Eye contact is known to increase the number of turns a person will take when part of a group conversation. The goal of this study was to determine what type of "gaze" (looking at a person's eyes and face) is required to have this effect.Two conditions were studied: synchronized (where eye contact is made while the subject is speaking) and random contact, received at any time in the conversation. The Queen's study showed that the total amount of gaze received during a group conversation is more important than when the eye contact occurs.The findings have important implications for the design offuture communication devices, including more user-friendly and sensitive video conferencing systems – a technology increasingly chosen in business for economic and time-saving reasons – and Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs) which support communication between people and machines. Dr. Vertegaal's group is also implementing these findings to facilitate user interactions with large groups of computers such as personal digital assistants and cellular phones.The eye contact experiment used computer-generated images from actors who conveyed different levels of attention (gazing at the subject, gazing at the other actor, looking away, and looking down). These images were presented to the subjects, who believed they were in an actual three-way video conferencing situation, attempting to solve language puzzles. The researchers concluded that people in group discussions will speak up more if they receive a greater amount of eye contact from other group members. There was no relationship between the impact of the eye contact and when it occurred."The effect of eye gaze has literally fascinated people throughout the ages," says Dr. Vertegaal, whose paper, Explaining Effects of Eye Gaze on Mediated Group Conversations: Amount or Synchronization was presented this week at the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Conference on Computer SupportedCooperative Work."Sumerian clay tablets dating back to 3000 BC already tell the story of Ereshkigal, goddess of the underworld, who had the power to kill Inanna, goddess of love, with a deadly eye," says Dr. Vertegaal. "Now that we are attempting to build more sophisticated conversational interfaces that mirror the communicative capabilities of their users, it has become clear we need to learn more about communicative functions of gaze behaviors."。

施心远听力教程unit答案

Unit 4Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationStephen Powelson’s Amazing MemoryWhen Stephen Powelson was nine, his school organized a (1) weekly contest in memorizing passages f rom the Bible. Stephen paid (2) no attention until he was chided* for (3) not competing. The next Sunday he surprised everyone by (4) reciting all the passages for the (5) entire year.As a teenager in prep school, Stephen took Greek. His teacher (6) assigned 21 lines of the Iliad* to be memorized (7) in a week. At the end of the hour - though he (8) insisted he paid full attention to the (9) lecture - Stephen knew all 21. He went on to memorize the first (10) 100 lines.In 1978, for the first time (11) since college, Powelson, now 60, had some (12) spare time. To keep his mind active, he reread the Iliad and (13) discovered thathe still knew the first 100 lines (14) by heart.That someone could memorize so much between ages 60 and 70 is (15) astonishing to most people, who are (16) convinced that memory (17) worsens as we grow older.Powelson's method is to (18) read a book into his tape recorder, then read it several more times, making sure he understands (19) each word. "Also," he says, "I attempt to (20) visualize myself as part of the action."Part 2 Listening for GistYou might not know how rarely images are viewed directly through telescopes.The most common way to observe the skies is to photograph them. The processis very simple. First, a photographic plate is coated with a light-sensitive material. The plate is positioned so that the image received by the telescope isrecorded on it. Then the image can be developed, enlarged, and published sothat many people can study it.Because most astronomical objects are very remote, the light we receive fromthem is rather feeble. But by using a telescope as a camera, long time exposures can be made. In this way, objects can be photographed that are ahundred times too faint to be seen by just looking through a telescope.1)This passage is about how to photograph astronomical objects.2)Photograph, coated, light-sensitive material, positioned, received, recorded,developed, enlarged, published, remote, feeble, telescope, camera, longexposuresSection Two Listening ComprehensionPart one DialogueTunisian HolidayVocabularyamphitheatremosaiccoach n. 公共马车，普通旅客车厢resort n. 胜地，常去之地(Someone is enquiring about the Tunisian holiday.)Agent: Hello, Bath Travel.Client: Hello, I'd like to find out more about your Tunisian holiday for amateur archaeologists. I've read about it in the paper, but I'd like to know more aboutwhat is involved.Agent: You mean you'd like to know the itineraryClient: Yes, that's right.Agent: All right. Just briefly, you arrive in Tunis at midday on the first day andgo by coach to La Marsa. Then there is a short briefing by the archaeologist and then the rest of the day you are free to explore.The second day you get up before dawn and go to Carthage to see the sunrise. You have breakfast and a lecture there and then go by coach to Mansoura, where there are beautiful coves(小海湾). After lunch you can walk along the beach, to Kerkouane. The walk takes about four hours. Kerkouane isone of the most recent and most exciting sites. Then by coach to Kelibia, a fishing village, in time for sunset over the harbor.Client: That sounds rather a long walk.Agent: Well, it's an easy walk. Flat all the way, and very pretty. But you can goby coach, if you prefer. The third day you spend in Hammamet on Cap Bon, and the day is free to enjoy the town. It's a lovely old town and resort. And the fourth day you take the coach to the ruin of EI Djem, which is a magnificentamphitheatre*. You have lunch in Sfax and then you take the ferry to the beautiful Kerkennah Islands.Client: Islands, you sayAgent: Yes, they're very peaceful and you spend the fifth day there. The fishermen will take everyone out on their sailing boats and there will be a fishermen's picnic. On the sixth day you visit the Great Mosque of Kairouan and have a picnic lunch. Then take the coach to the lovely port of Bizerte for the last night. And the final day there is a visit to the ancient Roman capital of Utica with its fantastic mosaics* and then a coach to Tunis International Airport.Client: Have you got a full brochure which gives more detailsExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and complete the following itinerary.Tunisian holiday for amateur archaeologistsDay ActivitiesThe first day Arrive in Tunis at midday and go by coach to La Marsa. Thenthere is a short briefing by the archaeologist.The second day Get up before dawn and go to Carthage to see the sunrise. You have breakfast and a lecture there and then go by coach to Mansoura, where there are beautiful coves. After lunch youcan walk along the beach, to Kerkouane, which is one of the most recent and most exciting sites. Then by coach to Kelibia, a fishing village, in time for sunset over the harbor .The third day Spend in Hammamet on Cap Bon to enjoy the town. It's alovely old town and resort.The fourth day and fifth day Take the coach to the ruin of El Djem, which is a magnificent amphitheatre. Have lunch in Sfax and then take the ferry!. to the beautiful Kerkennah Islands. The fishermen will take everyoneout on their sailing boats and there will be a fishermen’s picnic.The sixth day Visit the Great Mosque of Kairouan and have a picnic lunch. Then take the coach to the lovely port of Bizerte for the last night.The final day There is a visit to the ancient Roman capital of Utica with its fantastic mosaics and then a coach to Tunis International Airport.Part 2 PassageMexican Gray WolfExercise A Pre-listening QuestionThe wolf is a large member of the canine(犬科的) family. Most of the adult grey wolves weigh in the vicinity of 75 to 125 pounds (34 to 56 kilograms). Wolves livein family groups called packs. A pack is usually made up of a male parent, a female parent, their pups and a few other adult wolves who are the olderbrothers and sisters. Wolves can run up to 40 miles an hour and can easily cover 50 miles a day.The wolf has developed the capacity to survive in the most inhospitable of climates. The wolves in the high arctic endure several winter months of perpetual darkness. Even in February when the sun returns to the north,C and bitter winds are common. In the wild wolves can live temperatures of -40°up to 13 years or more; in a protected wolf park or a controlled area of land, a wolf can live to be up to 16 years old.1)After more than a century of assault by humans, the wolf population haddwindled to no more than a handful by the 1970s in Mexico and theAmerican southwest.2)The program is now about halfway to meeting its goal of a "wild"population of at least 100 wolves covering more than 12,800 squarekilometers.3)Decisions about mating, movement among the 45 captive-breeding facilitiesand releases into the wild are made by a US-Mexican committee ofscientists, land owners and others.4)A wolf with rare genes - until it has successfully reproduced - will never beof the high mortality rate in the wild.released because·5)The recovery program is gradually moving away from freeingcaptive-born wolves, as the population of pups born free takes off.****Francisco and Sheila were pioneers in a federal program in Eureka, 32 kilometers southwest of S1. Louis, the United States, to restore the endangered Mexican gray wolf, the rarest and most genetically distinct subspecies of gray wolf in North America.After more than a century of assault by humans, the wolf population had dwindled to no more than a handful by the 1970s in Mexico and the American southwest.The research center, popularly known as the Wolf Sanctuary*, was foundedin 1971 by Marlin Perkins, a world-renowned naturalist and former director ofthe St. Louis Zoo, and his wife Carol. Besides the Mexican wolf, the sanctuary works with the endangered red wolf, maned wolf (maned: 有鬃毛的; maned wolf 鬣狼), swift fox and African wild dogs.In the late 1970s, the last seven known wolves were captured in the wild or taken from zoos to begin the breeding program. In 1981, the first captive-bred litter of Mexican gray wolves produced in the federal program was born at the WildCanid (犬科动物) Center, and the first release into the wild took place in 1998.The program is now about halfway to meeting its goal of a "wild" population ofat least 100 wolves covering more than 12,800 square kilometers.Though in captivity themselves, Francisco and Sheila taught their pups so well that many are thriving in the wild. They were ideal parents. They raised 25 babies, taught them good survival skills and sent many of them off to live on their own.Nine of Francisco and Sheila's offspring were among the first 11 captive-born Mexican gray wolves released in 1998. Both parent wolves have since died - Francisco at age 14 in December. Sheila at age 16 in June 2000 - but they lived, as captive wolves often do, roughly twice as long as wolves in the wild. Today the Wild Canid Survival and Research Center in Eureka estimates that98 percent of Mexican wolves released from the federal program are descendants of the prolific* lobo* pair. （lobo=timber wolf）About 250 lobos now live in captivity at 45 US and Mexican facilities. TheWild Canid Center, however, has produced more puppies and housed more Mexican grays than any other facility.The Wild Canid Center is ideated* on 25 isolated hectares(公顷) within Washington University's Tyson Research Center. The wolves live in large outdoor with minimal human contact. They learn to hunt, , live in natural family packs, and to be suspicious of people -all necessary skills for surviving in the wild.Decisions about mating, movement among the 45 and releases into the wild are made by a US-Mexican committee of scientists, land owners and others. They also maintain . A wolf with rare genes - until it has successfully reproduced - will never be released because ofthe in the wild. It's not uncommon for freed wolves to be struck by cars or shot by hunters; in recent weeks, five have died.Despite the losses, released wolves are . The recovery programis gradually moving away from freeing captive-born wolves, as the population of pups born free . Scientists want to let nature decide what's a good wolf and what's not through .The Wild Canid Center is ideated* on 25 isolated hectares(公顷) within Washington University's Tyson Research Center. The wolves live in large outdoor enclosures with minimal human contact. They learn to hunt, raise young, live in natural family packs, and to be suspicious of people - all necessary skillsfor surviving in the wild.Decisions about mating, movement among the 45 captive-breeding facilities and releases into the wild are made by a US-Mexican committee of scientists, land owners and others. They also maintain a genetic database. A wolf with rare genes - until it has successfully reproduced - will never be released because of the high mortality rate in the wild. It's not uncommon for freed wolves to be struckby cars or shot by hunters; in recent weeks, five have died.Despite the losses, released wolves are reproducing. The recovery programis gradually moving away from freeing captive-born wolves, as the population of pups born free takes off. Scientists want to let nature decide what's a good wolf and what's not through natural selection.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed Listening1 Directions: Listen to the passage and complete the information about aMexican gray wolf research center.1)The research center's known as: the Wolf Sanctuary2) Location: in Eureka. 32 Kilometers southwest of St. Louis. the United States3) Founding: in 19714) Purpose: to restore the endangered Mexican gray wolf5) Founder: Marlin Perkins. a world-renowned naturalist and formerdirector the St. Louis Zoo. and his wife Carol2. Directions: Fill in the blanks with events connected with the following timeexpressions.1)In the late 1970s: The last seven known wolves were captured in the wild ortaken from zoos to begin the breeding program.2)In 1981: The first captive-bred litter of Mexican gray wolves produced in thefederal program was born at the wild Canid Center.3)In 1998: The first release into the wild took place.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1)Francisco and Sheila were pioneers in a federal program. Though in captivitythemselves, they taught their pups so well that many are thriving in the wild.They were ideal parents. They raised 25 babies, taught them good survival skills and sent many of them off to live on their own. Nine of Francisco andSheila's offspring were among the first 11 captive-born Mexican gray wolves released in 1998. Both parent wolves have since died - Francisco at age 14 in December. Sheila at age 16 in June 2000 but they lived, as captive wolves often do, roughly twice as long as wolves in the wild.The Wild Canid Center is ideated on 25 isolated hectares within.Washington University's Tyson Research Center. Today the Wild Canid Survival and Research Center estimates that 98 percent of Mexican wolves released from the federal program are descendants of the prolific lobo pair.About 250 lobos now live in captivity at 45 US and Mexican facilities. The Wild Canid Center has produced more puppies and housed more Mexican grays than any other facility. Other large US newspapers were singled out too, including the Wall Street Journal, which won the Pulitzer for breaking news,despite being displaced from its offices at the World Trade Center. The Washington Post received Pulitzers in two categories, investigative and national reporting.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item1When Astroland opened in 1962 it represented the future of amusement theme parks, boasting state-of-the-art rides(游乐场所供人玩乐的乘坐装置) and attractions operating with an outer-space theme.The park is a fixture on the Coney Island boardwalk, best known for the Cyclone, its wooden roller coaster and the Wonder Wheel, a seaside landmark. Astroland's 22 rides and three game arcades provided jobs for up to 300 people.Astroland has been by far the biggest amusement center on Coney Island, which has been a favorite holiday destination for Americans in the New York area since the 19th Century. It is the birthplace of the hot dog and is known for its kitschy rides, street performers, sand beaches and family-friendly atmosphere.But Astroland's final chapter may be still to come. A few days after the park's announced closure, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said hope is not yet lost, and that city officials are trying to step in and get a one-year renewal of Astroland's lease.A.Astroland’s announced closureB.1. It opened in 1962.2. It represented the future of amusement theme parks, boasting state-of-the-art rides and attractions operating with an outer-space theme.3. It is best known for the Cyclone, its wooden roller coaster and the Wonder Wheel, a seaside landmark.4. Because they enjoy its kitschy rides, street performers, sand beaches and family-friendly atmosphere.5. No. The city officials are trying to step in and get a one-year renewal ofAstroland's lease.News Item 2It's called the "Highline." It's a newly renovated and elevated promenade that was once a railway line for delivering cattle and other food stock. In 1980, the train made its last delivery, bringing frozen turkeys to lower Manhattan. In a densely populated city, the Highline now provides open space for relaxation as it winds through neighborhoods once noted for slaughterhouses.It's an oasis in a sea of concrete. The walkway includes more than 100 species of plants inspired by the wild landscape left after the trains stopped running. New construction is everywhere. Apartments, office towers, restaurants and even a museum have sprouted alongside the promenade.The first section of the Highline was inaugurated in May, after 15 years of planning and political battles. New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, along with benefactors like clothing designer Diane von Furstenberg and her husband, media mogul Barry Diller, cut the ribbon.The first two sections of the Highline cost $152 million. Of that, $44 million was raised by the public. To those who visit, it seems it was well worth the wait and the money.News Item3African American History MuseumAn old Greyhound Bus* terminal sits unused in the heart of downtown Dothan, Alabama. It's hardly noticeable, nestled between two office buildings and surrounded by a chain link fence. There are no written signs that hint of the structure's controversial history. Four decades ago it was a symbol of racial segregation. During the 1960s, bus terminals like other public facilities throughout the American south were divided into white areas and black areas.The building still has the separate entrance and restroom facilities that black customers were legally required to use. Today, those elements have a different social value, and they will become one of the centerpieces of a new African American history museum.The museum will include galleries devoted to the accomplishments of George Washington Garver* and other black scientists and inventors. There will be a gallery depicting black heroes of military and social campaigns.And the city of Dothan is helping. It's providing the museum with some financial support, and it's already promoting the attraction to visitors. The G-W Carver Interpretive Museum should open doors by August and its director Francina Williams hopes to capitalize on Alabama's historic role . the center of America's Civil Rights movement. When visitors come to Birmingham, Selma and Montgomery to learn about the struggles that African Americans have endured, she would like them I make a side trip to Dothan to see what African Americans have contributed to Alabama, America Id the world.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an African American history museum showing the struggles and contributions f African Americans.Exercise BDirection: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statementsare true (T) or false (F).1.F2. T3. F4.F5.T6. T7. F8.TSection Four supplementary ExercisesPart 1 Feature ReportLamaina grew up listening to her grandfather's stories of Garaguso. Tommaso Lamaina immigrated from Garaguso to Philadelphia in the 1920s in search of work. But he never let his family forget the place where generations of their forefathers had lived.The stories inspired Lamaina’s dream of developing her own relationship with a place she was never able to visit with her grandfather, who died when she was a teenager. So in 2000, with years of experience as a professional photographer behind her, she decided to begin an annual pilgrimage to Garaguso to capture life there on film.Garaguso is a farming village, home to about 1,500 people, in the mountainous region of Basilicata, located in the instep of Italy's boot. It's one of the most remote and least developed zones in the country. After decades o f emigration, it's sparsely populated. One out of seven of thepeople who remain can't read or write.Lamaina's photos show a Garaguso that seems hardly to have changed in centuries, an anachronism compared with a very modern Italy. Taken in black and white, they show the winding cobblestone streets and ancient buildings of the historical centre. There are donkeys, loaded up with kindling for the open fires and stoves, which still warm the houses.There are portraits of men with gnarled faces, wearing black pants and white shirts from a past era. There's the local baker, whose family has been selling bread in the same building since the late 1700s. There are women with white hair and no teeth, dressed in black.Arriving in the village where her family had lived for generations was like a homecoming for Lamaina. She grew up in an inner-city neighborhood of Philadelphia, in the bosom of an immigrant southern Italian community. At home, her relatives spoke the dialect of Garaguso rather than English.But over the years, the reserve has lessened. Lamaina admits, and her work shows, that life in Garaguso is not easy. The locals work from sunup to sundown in the fields, tending their crops and animals. They eat what they produce. Little is imported and nothing goes to waste. But she believes it's rich in the things that matter, like generosity, hospitality and family ties. In this respect, she says, the village has something to teach those who see her work.Lamaina recently held an exhibition of her work in Florence, where she now lives. She's also giving a copy of her images to City Hall in Garaguso.After eight years of recording life there, Susanna Lucia Lamaina's not ready to put away her camera yet. She says she has many more photographs to take and hopes her work will put her family village on the map. Her grandfather, Tommaso Lamaina, would have been proud.A.Susanna Lucia Lamaina’s recording life in Garaguso.B.T,T,T, T,T,F,T,FPart 2 PassageSafari1)A blur of gold was spotted through the high, wind-whipped grasses and off wewalked toward the lion's den.2)He couldn't stop smiling as we crept closer and closer into the glow of theday's last light.3)Just a meter away from the lions a straggling buffalo loped by, but ourappearance seemed to distract them and the buffalo got away.4)Under an open sky we winded our way through cracked sun-baked pathways.Our guides knelt in the sand, pointing out the differences between the various animal tracks.5)Thrashing in the water a mauve-colored hippo grunted, snapped his giantjaws, and lunged forward.We kept our distance behind a log on the banks of the river.A blur of gold was spotted through the high, wind-whipped grasses and offwe walked toward the lion's den*. We glanced at each other nervously, but forged ahead. My friends and I had come to experience the African bush on foot, so, gulping, we fell in shaky step behind our two ranger guides. Their rifles wereat the ready. So were our zoom lenses. Seeing lions was a special treat, even for our veteran guide, and he couldn't stop smiling as we crept closer and closer into the glow of the day's last light.About 150 meters ahead we counted 10 lions sitting in a semicircle in the grass. Their heads poked up through the grass thicket, listening, aware.Just a meter away from the lions a straggling* buffalo loped by. Perhaps the lions' intended dinner But our appearance seemed to distract them and thebuffalo got away.We were in the Kruger National Park*, the largest game park in South Africa, on a guided walking safari.Kruger National Park is the country's main game* reserve. Roughly the sizeof Wales, it stretches for almost 2.5 million hectares across a maze of ecozones from flat scrubby bush, dense shrub-like Mopane tree covered hillsides to lush valleys.For three nights home was a circle of thatched roof two-person huts tucked behind a leafy grove of trees in an enclosed camp that included toilets and hot (mostly) showers.Dinner was served around an open fire, a massive kettle of hot water for teaor coffee steaming on a nearby pile of smoldering coals.The only light after dark were swaths of luminous stars overhead and ourkerosene* lanterns.We joked that we had arrived to the catered version of "Survivor".The first morning we climbed out from beneath mosquito nets to the muffled sounds of an elephant munching on a tree behind our huts, which were separated only by several meters and a wire mesh fence.As if the elephant was not wake-cup call enough, outside each hut a jug of water had been poured into a plastic basin for a quick face wash before hittingthe trails.Under an open sky we winded our way through cracked sun-baked pathways through baobab* and kudu* berry trees. Our guides knelt in the sand, pointing out the differences between the various animal tracks.A line in the sand told a crocodile had recently slipped into a nearby pool.Later we saw a crocodile sunning on a rock not far from where we had been swimming the day before.In the same area we had a sunset sighting of a mauve*-colored hippo* who was not happy to see us.Thrashing in the water he grunted, snapped his giant jaws, and lunged* forward. We kept our distance behind a log on the banks of the river where welater got a glimpse at a family of baboons*.On our last evening streaks of orange made the sky glow as if on tangerine* fire. We were all on a high from our lion sighting.I inhaled the colors, the silhouette* of buffalos grazing near a watering hole, the evening dropped in temperature and squeezed a friend's hand.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionHere are the top parks for anAfrican safari:The beautiful Masai Mara National Reserve in Kenya, the world-famous Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania, the lush green Okavango Delta and Chobe National Park in Botswana and the Etosha National Park in Namibia.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1)They experienced the African bush on foot.2)Seeing lions was a special treat for them.3)They saw 10 lions sitting in a semicircle in the grass.4)Krugge National Park stretches for almost 2.5 million hectares ,roughly thesize of Wales.5)They stayed in a thatched roof two- person huts with toilets and hot showers.6)Dinner was served around an open fire.7)They saw a crocodile sunning on a rock not far from where they had beenswimming the day before.8)They were all on a high from their lion sighting.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions1. They saw lions, buffaloes , elephants, crocodiles, hippos, baboons, etc.2.(Open)。

听力教程4答案全主编施心远

Unit 1Secti‎o n 1Liste‎n ing and Trans‎l atio‎n1. A colle‎g e educa‎t ion can be very costl‎y in the Unite‎d State‎s.2.Risin‎g costs‎have led more and more famil‎i es to borro‎w money‎to help pay for colle‎g e.3.There‎are diffe‎r ent feder‎a l loans‎and priva‎t e loans‎for stude‎n ts.4.Inter‎e st rates‎on some of these‎loans‎will go up on July 1st.5.There‎are growi‎n g conce‎r ns that many stude‎n ts gradu‎a te with too much debt.1.在美国，大学教育的‎费用会很贵‎。

2.费用的上涨‎使越来越多‎的美国家庭‎通过借钱来‎支付上大学‎的费用。

3.有各种各样‎的联邦贷款‎和私人贷款‎可供学生挑‎选。

4.在这些贷款‎品种中，有些品种的‎利率将从7‎月1日起上‎调。

5.人们越来越‎担心，很多学生将‎背负沉重的‎债务从大学‎毕业。

Secti‎o n 2Part 1 Dialo‎g ue1-8 A C D C B C B APart 2 passa‎g e Ex C: 1-8 F F T T F T T FSecti‎o n 3News Item 1China‎'s waste‎d no time inset‎t ing put the lates‎t plans‎for its ambit‎i ous space‎progr‎a m. A senio‎r offic‎i al said the next manne‎d missi‎o n will be in 2007, when the astro‎n auts‎will attem‎p t a space‎walk. After‎that, scien‎t ists‎will focus‎on devel‎o ping‎the capab‎i lity‎to rende‎z vous‎* and dock* with other‎space‎c raft‎. He added‎that China‎also wante‎d to recru‎i t femal‎e astro‎n auts‎in the near futur‎e.The annou‎n ceme‎n t comes‎just hours‎after‎the count‎r y's secon‎d manne‎d space‎missi‎o n touch‎e d down in the remot‎e grass‎l ands‎of Inner‎Mongo‎l ia. The retur‎n ing astro‎n auts‎have been given‎a hero's welco‎m e, ridin‎g in an open car in a natio‎n ally‎telev‎i sed parad‎e. Thous‎a nds of soldi‎e rs and group‎s of schoo‎l chil‎d ren lined‎the route‎, wavin‎g Chine‎s e flags‎. It's a sign of the great‎impor‎t ance‎China‎attac‎h es to its space‎progr‎a m, viewi‎n g it as a sourc‎e of natio‎n al pride‎and inter‎n atio‎n al prest‎i ge.A: …about‎China‎’s‎ambit‎i ous space‎progr‎a m.B:1. Landi‎n g spot: in the remot‎e grass‎l ands‎of Inner‎Mongo‎l ia2. Signi‎f ican‎c e: a sourc‎e of natio‎n al pride‎and inter‎n atio‎n al prest‎i ge (威望)Futur‎e plan1. 1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astro‎n auts‎will attem‎p t a space‎walk.2. Focus‎of furth‎e r devel‎o pmen‎t: the capab‎i lity‎to rende‎z vous‎and dock with other‎space‎c raft‎3. Recru‎i tmen‎t of astro‎n auts‎:to recru‎i t femal‎e astro‎n auts‎in the near futur‎e.News Item 2China‎'s econo‎m y has recov‎e red earli‎e r and more stron‎g ly than any other‎. This lates‎t data is furth‎e r evide‎n ce of that trend‎.The rise in indus‎t rial‎outpu‎t confi‎r ms what facto‎r y owner‎s have been sayin‎g for some time now, that custo‎m ers have been resto‎c king‎*their‎inven‎t orie‎s and confi‎d ence‎is retur‎n ing.There‎are still‎quest‎i on marks‎thoug‎h over the stabi‎l ity of the recov‎e ry. The prope‎r ty* secto‎r* is showi‎n g signs‎of overh‎e atin‎g. The gover‎n ment‎this week annou‎n ced measu‎r es to try to cool it. At the same time offic‎i als decid‎e d to exten‎d tax subsi‎d ies* for purch‎a ses of small‎vehic‎l es and appli‎a nces‎sugge‎s ting‎that some here still‎belie‎v e Chine‎s e manuf‎a ctur‎e rs need gover‎n ment‎suppo‎r t.Growt‎h was stron‎g est in heavy‎indus‎t ries‎such as coal, steel‎,power‎gener‎a tion‎and autom‎o bile‎s. Consu‎m er price‎s rose in Novem‎b er for the first‎time since‎Febru‎a ry. But the rise was small‎and proba‎b ly refle‎c ted highe‎r food price‎s cause‎d by early‎snows‎t orms‎which‎destr‎o yed crops‎and disru‎p ted trans‎p ort.A: …‎about‎the growt‎h of China‎’s‎econo‎m y.News Item 3If you visit‎almos‎t any marke‎t plac‎e in Afric‎a, many of the consu‎m er goods‎on sale, from bucke‎t s to razor‎blade‎s to hurri‎c ane lamps‎, are likel‎y to be Chine‎s e. In a very large‎numbe‎r of Afric‎a n capit‎a ls, the main footb‎a ll stadi‎u m is likel‎y to have been built‎with Chine‎s e aid money‎.Sino-Afric‎a n trade‎, and aid, is large‎and growi‎n g. Some estim‎a tes put it as high as 12 billi‎o n dolla‎r s a year. Altho‎u gh direc‎t compa‎r ison‎s are diffi‎c ult, the links‎betwe‎e n the world‎'s large‎s t devel‎o ping‎count‎r y, China‎, and the world‎'s large‎s t devel‎o ping‎conti‎n ent could‎grow to chall‎e nge the post-colon‎i al links‎betwe‎e n Europ‎e and Afric‎a. The meeti‎n g in Addis‎Ababa‎*had heard‎Chine‎s e promi‎s es to cance‎l debts‎,grant‎duty-free acces‎s into China‎for Afric‎a n produ‎c ts and incre‎a se Chine‎s e inves‎t ment‎s in Afric‎a.A: …‎about‎China‎’s‎large‎and growi‎n g trade‎with and aid to Afric‎a.B：1.In many Afric‎a n capit‎a ls, the main footb‎a ll stadi‎u m is likel‎y to have been built‎with Chine‎s eaid money‎.2.It is estim‎a ted that Sino-Afric‎a n trade‎, and aid, amoun‎t s to as high as 12 billi‎o n dolla‎r s a year.3.The links‎betwe‎e n China‎and Afric‎a could‎grow to chall‎e nge the post-colon‎i al links‎betwe‎e nEurop‎e and Afric‎a.4.On the meeti‎n g in Addis‎Ababa‎, China‎promi‎s ed to cance‎l debts‎, grant‎duty-free acces‎s intoChina‎for Afric‎a n produ‎c ts and incre‎a se Chine‎s e inves‎t ment‎s in Afric‎a.Unit 2Secti‎o n 1Liste‎n ing and Trans‎l atio‎n1.Some peopl‎e fear they do not get enoug‎h vitam‎i ns from the foods‎they eat.2.So they take produ‎c ts with large‎amoun‎t s of vitam‎i ns.3.They think‎these‎vitam‎i n suppl‎e ment‎s will impro‎v e their‎healt‎h and prote‎c t again‎s t disea‎s e.4.Medic‎a l exper‎t s found‎littl‎e evide‎n ce that most suppl‎e ment‎s do anyth‎i ng to prote‎c t or impro‎v ehealt‎h.5.but they noted‎that some do help to preve‎n t disea‎s e.1.有些人担心‎他们并未从‎所吃的食物‎中获取足够‎的维生素。

听力教程4第三版施心远听力原文

听力教程4第三版施心远听力原文The neighborhood children my age played together: either active, physical games outdoors or games of dolls- and-house indoors. I, on the other hand, spent much of my childhood alone. I'd curl up in a chair reading fairytales and myths, daydreaming, writing poems or stories and drawing pictures.和我同龄的邻里孩子们一起玩：要么在户外进行体育活动，要么在室内玩玩偶和房子。

一、另一方面，我的童年大部分时间是独自度过的。

我会蜷缩在椅子上读童话和神话，做白日梦，写诗歌或故事，画画。

Sometimes around the fourth grade, my“big”(often critical, judgmental) Grandma, who'd been visiting us said to me,“"What's wrong with you? Why don't the other children want to play with you?" I remember being startled and confused by her question.有时在四年级的时候，我的“大”奶奶（经常是挑剔的、挑剔的）来看望我们，她对我说：“你怎么了？为什么其他孩子不想和你一起玩呢？”我记得被她的问题吓了一跳，弄糊涂了。

I'd never been particularly interested in playing with the other children. It hadn't, till then, occurred to me that that was either odd or something with me. Nor had it occurred to me that they didn't“want to play with"me. My first conscious memory of feeling different was in the fouth grade.我从来没有对和其他孩子一起玩特别感兴趣。

施心远听力教程1[第二版]听力原文及答案解析

施心远听力教程1(第二版)听力原文及答案UNIT 1 Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman 1: I've got good news (1) for you! Woman 2: Oh, yes? Woman 1: I'm getting married. Man: Well, well! (2) Who's the lucky man? Do we know him? Woman 1: Of course you (3) know him! It's David! Woman 2: (4) That's wonderful news! Man: I'm sure (5) you'll be very happy. Woman 2: (6) When's the wedding? Woman 1: Next June. (7)we're going to have a big June wedding! Woman 2: Are we invited? Woman 1: Of course! I hope you (8) can all come. Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Telephone rings for a long time. Operator: Redman Electronics. Can I help you? V oice: At last! Why don't you answer the phone? Operator: I'm sorry. I was downstairs. V oice: Well, can I speak to Mr. Redman please?Operator: I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. He's on holiday. He's in the South of France. V oice: What about Mr. Gray — extension 322. Operator: Mr. Gray's at home. V oice: Well, may I speak to Mr. Redman's secretary? Operator: She isn't in today. She's at her sister's. V oice: I see. Then I'd like to speak to Mr. Gray's secretary. Operator: Miss Jones? V oice: That's right. Operator: Sorry. She isn't in. She's gone to the hairdresser's. V oice: Who is in today? Operator: Well, I am. But I'm going home soon. Who is it please?Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Complete the following sentences. Where are they? Mr. Redman is on holiday in the South of France. Mr. Gray is at home. Mr. Redman's secretary is at her sister's. Mr. Gray's secretary, Miss Jones, is at the hairdresser's.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueDialogue 1 HelloWoman 1 : Professor Andrews, this is Dr. Baxter. Woman 2: How do you do? Man: How do you do? Man l: Hello, Al. How are you? Man 2: Fine, thanks, Eric. Nice to see you again. Woman I: Sally, do you know Steve? Woman 2: No, how do you do? Man: Hello, Sally. I'm glad to meet you. Man l: Tony, I'd like to introduce lny friend Mary Parker. Man 2: Oh, hello. I've heard so much about you. Woman: Hello. Woman: May I introduce myself? My name is Susan Roper. Man: Oh, hello. I'm John Lee. I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. Exercise: Listen to some people talking at a party. Who is talking to whom? Who has known whom before? Complete the following sentences. Names in the box are for your reference.1. Professor Andrews is talking to Dr. Baxter.2. A1 is talking to Eric.3. Sally is talking to Steve.4. Tony is talking to Maw Parker.5. Susan Rotter is talking to John Lee.6. A/and EL have known each other before.7. Tony has known Mary Parker before.Dialogue 2 welcome to BristolEtienne has just arrived in England, Etienne: Hello, Are you Mrs. Baker? I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland. Mrs. Baker: Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol. Etienne: Hello. Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Baker. Mrs. Baker: Oh, call me Nicola. And this is my husband, Nigel. Mr. Baker: How was your trip? No hijacks? Etienne: No, it was all right, thank you. But the plane was late and the airport was crowded Mr. Baker: Well, it's the holiday season. You expect it at this time of the year. Here, let me take your bags upstairs. Etienne: Oh, that's all right. I'll take this one. it's heavy. Mr. Baker: Well. Here's your room. I hope it's big enough for you and not too cold. We do have central heating but it doesn't work very well There are extra blankets in the cupboard, I think. Oh, well ??? Nicola, where are the blankets? Let's go down and meet the rest of the family.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Etienne Bertrand is from Switzerland. (I'm Etienne Bertrand, from Switzerland.) T 2. The Bakers are expecting Mr. Bertrand. (Mrs. Baker says "Hello, Etienne. Come in. Welcome to Bristol.") T 3. There have probably been hijacks in recent days. (Mr. Baker says "How was your trip? No hijacks?" and Etienne answers "No, it was all fight, thank you/" We may draw a conclusion that they were serious.) F 4. the plane was late because there had been a hijack attempt. (The plane was late probably because it was the holiday season.) T 5. The airport is usually crowded at this time of the year. (It is the holiday season.) T 6. It is probably still cold. (Mr. Baker mentions central heating and tells Etienne to use extra blankets if he feels too cold.) F 7. The central heating doesn't work. (It doesn't work very well.) T 8. Mr. Baker can't find the blankets. (Mr. Baker asks Mrs. Baker where the blankets are.)Part 2 PassagesPassage 1 A young waiterThe most interesting part of the little town was the market square, which was surrounded by cafes, restaurants and small shops full of all kinds of cheap goods likely to attract tourists. At this time of the year it was not very crowded. It was a lovely day with only a few little white clouds, like puffs* of smoke, in the sky. It was not too hot, as it sometimes was during the summer, but pleasantly warm. Edward and Ann sat down at a table outside one of the cafes. After they had been sitting there enjoying the sunshine for a few minutes, a young waiter, not much more than a boy, came to take their order. He spoke no English, but after a lot of laughter and pointing at the menu, they thought they had managed to make him understand that all they wanted was ice cream. There were several flavors*, lemon, chocolate, coffee, orange and vanilla* and they both chose coffee, "I love coffee ice cream," said Ana. After a little while the waiter returned. He was carrying a big tray, which he set down very carefully on the table in front of Edward and Ann. There were two cups of coffee and two plain ice creams on the tray. "We didn't order coffee," said Edward crossly*, "we ordered coffee ice cream. He ought to be able to understand simple English." The waiter smiled and looked pleased."No," said Ann laughing, "it's his country. We ought to be able to speak his language."Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.B 2.C 3,D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D 8. APassage 2 greeting and introductionsGreetings and introductions are an essential aspect of US culture. The importance of w If you are with a group of English-speaking people and the conversation is going on in English, do not use your native or any foreign language for more than a few sentences, as it is not considered to be polite. Try to avoid using any filthy*, sexually explicit* stories or jokes. When you are in a theatre, it's not polite to talk or whisper during the performance.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. B Part 3 News News Item 1 In Houston Texas, a federal investigating jury* has charged the Arthur Andersen Company with blocking efforts to seek justice in the Enron case. Arthur Andersen employees kept financial records and provided advice to the failed energy company Enron. The charges say Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure. The Arthur Andersen* Company condemned* the charges as a serious misuse of government power. Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. Arthur Andersen Company is charged with blocking investigation in the Enron case.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. Arthur Andersen Company was the energy company Enron's business partner. (Arthur Andersen Company just keptfinancial records and provided advice to the energy company Enron.) T 2. Arthur Andersen destroyed important documents. (Arthur Andersen destroyed tons of documents while an investigation was taking place after Enron's failure.) T 3. The Arthur Andersen Company did not agree with the charges. (The Arthur Andersen Company condemned the charges as a serious misuse of government power.)News Item 2 Russian engineers and an American company have presented a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure tips. They presented the full size model in Zhukovskiy*, Russia. They say the space plane should be ready in three years. Travelers would experience three minutes of zero gravity during a one-hour flight. The vehicle would hold a pilot and two passengers. A flight would cost about $100,000.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This item is about a model of the first space vehicle designed for pleasure trips.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks. Possible time: in three years Vehicle size: can hold a pilot and two passengers Special experience: three minutes of zero gravity Length of the trip: _one hourCost:$100,000News Item 3 World leaders at a United Nations1 conference in Monterrey, Mexico, have urged wealthy nations to increase their foreign aid. Peruvian president spoke Thursday at the UN conference on financing for development. Mr Toledo* said terrorism could grow if poor countries do not receive help. He returned home earlier because of the bombing in Lima. Economic leaders and political activists told the conference that poverty is a major throat to world peace. The United Nations wants 22 industrial nations to increase their foreign aid by 100,000 million dollars. The goal is to reduce by half the number of the poor by the year 2015. President Bush says a bombing near the United States Embassy in Lima will not stop him from going to Peru on Saturday. The attack Wednesday night killed at least nine people mid wounded many others. Mr Bush says he is sure Peru's president will do everything possible to make Lima safe for his trip. No group has claimed responsibility for the attack.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about a [IN conference on financing for development. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and choose the best answer to each of the following questions. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. BSection 3 Oral Work Part 1 Questions and Answers Peter and William have just arrived at the door of Peter's house. Peter islooking in all his pockets. Peter: Oh dear. I can't find my door key. Williams: If your sister Ann's at home, she'll let us in, won't she? Peter: She's out. The door wouldn't be locked if she was at home. William: Let's hope it doesn't rain again then. If it does we'll get soaked. Peter:I tell you what. If you let me climb on your shoulders, Fit get in through the pantry*window. William: Right. Up you go. (sound effects) What's the matter? Peter: It's no good. If it were two inches wider, I could do it. William: And all the other windows are shut, otherwise it would be easy. Peter: 1 suppose we could break one. William: I don't think your father would be very pleased if we did. Peter: No, I don't suppose he would. Well, what shall we do? William: I don't know. If only you weren't so careless, you wouldn't get into such trouble. Peter: Walt! What's this in the grass? William: Your key! You must have dropped it when you came out. You really are careless. Peter: Itfs lucky I am, really, otherwise we'd have to wait till Ann comes home. Exercise" Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it, You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it. Questions:1. What is Peter looking for?(He is looking for his door key.)2. Is Ann at home?(No, she is not at home.)3. What is William worrying about?(He is worrying about the weather.)4. What does Peter want to do?(He wants to get into the house through the pantry window.)5. Why can't he get in through the window? (Because the window is not wideenough.)6. Peter's father won't mind if Peter breaks one of the windows, will he'? (Yes, hewill.)7. Where is the door key'? (It's in the grass.)g. What does William think of Peter? (He thinks he is really careless.) Par2 RetellingThe children had desperately wanted to go to the circus. Every day after school they had gone down to the field behind the pub to see what was happening. First the men had put up tile big tent, and then moved in all the seats, and finally they had fixed the coloured lights round the outside of the tent.In another part of the field, the children watched as the animals were fed and exercised. Sometimes, to their delight, two young women stood on the horses' backs and galloped round and round. But the most exciting moment of all was when the trainer allowed them to watch him go into them lions' cage. The children were sure he would be attacked, but he came out again unhurt and smiling. At last the opening night came round. Then the most terrible thing happened; their mother forbade them to go because she said it was unkind to put animals in a circus. The children were unable to make her change her mind, and they had to sit at home while the music and lights in the field reminded them of what they were missing. Exercise: Listen to the passage and then retell it in your own words. Youwill hear the passage only once.Section Four Supplementary Exercises Part1 Listening ComprehensionThe native people of North and South America were given the name "Indians" by the explorer Christopher Columbus*. He thought he had reached a place called the Indies. In time, the terms American Indian and Indian became widely used. About 2,000,000 native Americans live in the United States today. Some Indians live on government lands called reservations*, or on tribal* lands. Others live in cities. Traditional culture remains strong in areas where large numbers of Indians live. But many native Americans worry that their cultural traditions will be lost as young people leave these areas for economic reasons. The economic situation of American Indians as a group is not good. About 50% of those who live on reservations have no jobs. Those who do have jobs earn less than other Americans. Most Indians hold low-paying unskilled jobs. Indians have many health problems and do not live as long as other Americans. But the situation is improving as more Indians are becoming educated. Today, most native Americans graduate from high school. At least 9% of all Indians 25 years old or older have finished college. The economic situation also has improved as native American tribes* create businesses on their lands. One example is the Pequot tribe of the northeast. The tribe owns and operates a hotel, gambling casino*, and a museum of its culture and history. Today, American Indians are trying to control their land without interference from the government. This includes control over hunting and fishingrights, and mining* operations. They are trying to protect their land from pollution. And they are taking legal action to regain lost lands or to receive payment for them. American Indians are trying to change their economic situation, improve their lives and honor* their culture.Exercise: Listen to the passage about the American Indians and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. l.C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. BPart 2 Oral Work I work in a small office from 9 till 5 Monday to Friday. Occasionally my boss asks me to come in on a Saturday morning as well. I don't earn a large salary and my job is rather dull, really. But I have a secret dream. My dream is to make a return flight to New York on Concorde. 1 know people say rude things about it. They say that it's noisy and expensive and that it uses too much fuel, and ... My problem is that I can only afford to put aside -5 a week and a return ticket to New York costs over -1,000. Then of course New York is quite an expensive city, they say. Never mind. One day, perhaps ...Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topics. 1. Do you think the speaker's secret dream could be realized? If so, how?2. What is your dream? What will you do to realize your own dream?Unit TwoSection 1 Tactics for Listening Part 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape- Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. Woman: Good evening. Man: Good evening. Can you ( 1 ) make up this prescription, please? Woman: Certainly. (2) Would you like to wait? Man: How long (3) will it take? Woman: (4)Itfll be ready in twenty minutes. Man: Oh, (5) I'll come back later. Woman: All right, sir, Man: (6) Shall I pay now or later? Woman: (7) Later'll be all rightPart 2 Listening and Note-taking Man: Excuse me. How can I get to the station please? Woman: The station, the station, the station ...let me see. Ah, yes. You can go down ... no. Go straight on until you come to a cinema. Let's see now—that's the second turn on your right. The cinema's on the corner. Turn right at the cinema and you'll be in Bridge Street. I think it's Bridge Street. Go along Bridge Street fora few minutes and then take the second — no, not the second, the first, that's fight, the first turning. On your left. The station is straight ahead, right in front of you. Man: So that's second right and first left. Thank you very much. That's very kind of you. Woman: Don't mention it.Exercise A: Listen to the conversation and take notes. Exercise B: Use the information from your notes to mark the places and streets mentioned in the conversation on the sketch map.Part 1 DialogueSection 2 Listening Comprehension Dialogue 1 where did you living now ?Interviewer: You say you moved out of London five years ago? Alistair: Yes, I did. ] lived in Hampstead*. Interviewer: That's very close to the centre, isn't it? Alistair: Yes, quite close. 1 went to work by bicycle — I worked in Oxford Street. It took about half an hour. Interviewer: And why did you move? Did you change jobs? Alistair: Well, yes, I did. I worked for an advertising agency then. Now I workfor a newspaper. But that isn't the reason. I moved because London is so dirty and there's so much stress— Interviewer: And now you live in -. Alistair: Oh, right in the country. The nearest station is rather far, about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles. I still work in London. Interviewer: So how long does it take you to get to work? Alistair: Oh, less than an hour and a half, door to door.Exercise A: Listen o the interview and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The man lives in Hampstead now. (The man used to live in Hampstead.) T 2. The man has changed his job. (He worked for an advertising agency five years ago but now he works for a newspaper.) F 3. The place where the man lives now is about 15 miles away from London. (The nearest station is rather far about 15 miles away, but the village is fairly close to London, about 40 miles.)Exercise B: Listen to the interview again and answer the following questions.1. Why did the man move out of London?(Because he finds that London is so dirty and there's so much stress.)2. Where does he live now?(He lives in a village in the country, about 40 miles away from London.)3. How did he use to go to work?(He used to go to work by bicycle.)4. How does he go to work now?(Most likely he goes to work by car now because he said that it takes him less than an hour and a half, door to door, to get to work.) 5. Where does he work now? (He works for a newspaper now.)Dialogue 2 Have you ever lived abroad Interviewer: Have you ever lived abroad, Phyllis? Phyllis: Yes, I have actually. What about you? Interviewer: No, unfortunately I haven't. Phyllis: Oh, what a shame! Interviewer. Where did you live when you were abroad? Phyllis: I lived in Australia. Interviewer: Really? That's a long way away. Phyllis: Uhm, uhm, yes!Interviewer: How long were you there for? Phyllis: I was there for twelve years Interviewer: Oh! What a long time! Phyllis: Yes. Rather, Interviewer: Erin. So how long have you been back in the UK? Phyllis: I've been back about, erm. ten years now, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm, When you were in Australia, did you think of it as your home? Phyllis: Well, it depends on what, you mean by home. When 1 was... home to me is being near the people you're fond of. Interviewer: Uhm. uhm. yeah. So does that mean that your family were with you in Australia? Phyllis: Yes, they were there with me. Interviewer: And presumably they've ... they came back to the UK? Phyllis: Yes, they did. They came back with me, Interviewer: Uhm, uhm. Erin, if you had a choice, where do you think you'd be living now? Phyllis: Oh. I would really like to go back to Australia Interviewer: Oh, yeah? Why's that? Phyllis: Well, for one thing, it's the climate. Interviewer: Uhm Phyllis: And. er. secondly, it's ... very relaxed. Interviewer: Oh? In what way? Phyllis: Well, you know, the wave of life, nobody hurries. Interviewer: Uhm. Is that at work as well as socially? Phyllis: That's right, everythingExercise: Listen to the interview and complete the following questionnaire. Part 2Passages Passage one welcome to London Welcome to London! You and seven million other tourists will fill Britain's capital city this season, jostling* each other along Oxford Street, getting lost on the Underground, staring at Buckingham Palace, and complaining about the food and the weather. What can you do when you're here? There are the obvious tourist attractions of royal London, the London of pageantry* and soldiers in fancy uniforms. There is historical London, with the ancient buildings and magnificent churches. A good introduction to all this can be found in the London Museum in the Barbican*. You can spend a lot of money, in shops from aristocratic* Knightsbridge* to democratic Marks and Spencer*, all of them anxious to receive travellers' cheques in almost any currency. There are many hotels at your service, and your chambermaid may Well be able to talk to you in your own language —though probably not in English, Restaurants are here by thehundred. You can eat your way round the world in London, from China to Argentina*, though you may have a bit of a job finding good English food Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.A 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. BPassage 2 entertainments in LondonYou come, of course, from all over the world, attracted by the comparative cheapness of London and its relatively new reputation as a good place to have fun — a reputation which really only dates from the mid 1960's, that era* of Swinging London,"* of pop stars and fashion photographers and dress designers. There's certainly no lack of entertainment. The British Theatre is world famous, and offers everything from Shakespeare to West End comedy*. There's a large numberof cinemas presenting films from all over the world. Every night of the week there are concerts. Classical or pop, take your choice. And of course night clubs will be happy to take large quantifies of cash from you in return for the illusion* of being sophisticated* and perhaps slightly wicked*. When it rains (and it will rain) there are museums and art galleries to give you shelter— and they're free! When it's fine, take a boat trip along the River Thames, downstream to Greenwich* or upstream to Hampton Court*. You may be exhausted by London; you may be cheated in London; you may not be able to get a drink when you want one, thanks to the ridiculous licensing laws; you may get wet and catch a cold; but you're not likely to be bored.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.I.C 7. B2. A 8. D3. D4. B5. D6. CPart 3 NewsNews Item 1 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov* says he and American Secretary of State Colin Powell* will meet February 24th in Cairo. The meeting will be the first face-to-face talks between the two officials. Mr lvanov says Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting. The announcement of the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin* and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer*. Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues. In Washington State Department officials confirm the meeting. Secretary Powell will visit the Middle East and Belgium* from February 23rd through the 27th.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about the meeting between Russian Foreign Minister and American Secretary of State on February 24th in Cairo.Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why youthink the statement is true or false. F 1. Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov will meet American Secretary of State Colin Powell on February 21st in Cairo. (Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov will meet American State Colin Powell on February 24th in Cairo.) F 2. The meeting will be the fourth face-to-face talks between the two officials. (The meeting between the two officials.) T 3. Mr lvanov says they will discuss Russian opposition to President Bush's plan to build a missile defense system during the dent will be the first face-to-face talks Secretary ofmeeting. (Mr Ivanov says Russian opposition to Presi-Bush's plan to build a missile defense system will be discussed during the meeting.) T 4. Russia announced the meeting followed the talks between Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer. (The announcement of the meeting followed the talksbetween Russian President Vladimir Putin and German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer.) F 5. Mr Fischer was in Washington to discuss arms issues, (Mr Fischer was in Moscow to discuss arms issues.)News item 2 Russian Foreign Minister Igor lvanov has called for (1) more talks about missile defense policy. Mr lnvamo is to meet with (2) American Secretary of State Colin Powell in Cairo Saturday. He told (3) reporters in Moscow that the time has come for (4) serious talks on the several issues affecting (5) relations between Russia end the United States. He said China and Europe should be included (6)in the talks. President Bush says that Mr Ivanov's (7) comments show that Russia understands (8) new threats to world security require (9) new defences. Russia is opposed to Mr Bush's proposal to build (10)) a missile defense system.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary. This news item is about Russia's calling for more talks about United State's missile defense policy. Exercise B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following passage.NEWS ITEM 3 Russia has given NATO* a proposal for a European Missile Defense System. Defense Minister Igor Sergeyev presented the plan to visiting NATO Secretary General George Rolbertson*. Mr Robertson says the Russian plan is evident* that Russia and NATO recognize the possible threat of missile attacks from some countries. Russia opposes a missile defense system planned for the United States. Russia says the American。

全新版大学英语视听说教程4听力原文

Unit OneT ra ck 4-1-OL-lA. Jay and Elise are talking about an accident. Listen and check the correct picture.Jay: Come in here, Elise. You should see this show!Elise: What is it?Jay: It's called "The Titanic of the Sky." It's about the Hindenburg, a great engineering feat.Elise: The Hindenburg ...Jay: You know, that giant zeppelin that crashed in 1934. Thirty-five people died.Elise: Oh yeah, I remember now. It was flying from Germany to the United States. It crashed as it was landing.Jay: Right. It's so funny looking, don't you think? It doesn't look anything like the airplanes as have today.Elise: That's true. Why would people ride in a zeppelin anyway? It seems so dangerous.Jay: Well, some people called the Hindenburg "man's greatest achievement in flight." They thought it was safe, I guess. Elise: Who rode in it anyway?Jay: Mostly wealthy people. It accommodated between 30 and 40 passengers and crew. One person said it was like a "flying hotel."Eise: It sounds pretty great.Jay: Yeah, and it was fast. That's why people rode it. They wanted to get to their destination faster.Elise: Why didn't they just take a jet plane?Jay: Elise! You know they didn't have jets back then. Look, in 1934 it took five days to travel from Germany to the U.S. by ship.The zeppelin could do it in half that time. It was speedy.Elise: Well, maybe I'll sit down and watch a little bit. Maybe I'll learn something ...T r a ck 4-1-OL-2B. Listen again. How was the zeppelin described? Check your answers.Track 4-1-OL-3A. Listen to the conversation and check the correct picture.Jack: I think we should buy a bigger car. Big cars are safer.Kayla: Yes, but on the other hand, they consume more oil.Jack: They also look really cool.Kayla: That's true, but there are some SUVs which are not big but also very beautiful.Jack: And 1 think big cars are more fun to drive.Kayla: But then again, it's very expensive.Jack: Well, let's get more information about several kinds of cars, okay?T ra c k4-1-O L-4Listen to another person talking about famous buildings in his country and fill in the blanks with information you hear.My country has two very famous buildings called the Petronas Towers. The buildings are made of glass, steel, and concrete. They were designed by an American architect, but he used a Malaysian style. They were finished in 1998, and they were the tallest buildings in the world at that time. Each tower has 88 floors, and is 452 meters high. I really like the Petronas Towers. They show both the modern and the traditional side of my country.T r a c k4-1-O L-5A. Listen to a talk on controversies about modern buildings. Then fill in the blanks to complete the sentences. Modern buildings: We love them, We hate themThe world-famous Louvre Museum in Paris is almost 500 years old, and it faced a very modern problem: There simply wasn't enough space for six million visitors each year. In 1989, American architect I.M. Pei designed a striking glass pyramid in the building's center to be a visitor entrance and shopping arcade. But he also started an angry debate. Some people felt his glass building was a piece of art, like the ones inside the museum. Others said it was just an ugly, modern mistake.Kyoto, Japan, is the country's ancient capital, and the heart of its culture. Its railroad station was too small for the millions of visitors. In 1997, the city completed a new station in a huge shopping center, right in the oldest part of the city. Designed by Hiroshi Hara, the building also contains a hotel and department store. Before it was built, critics said that the high, wide, modern building would destroy the city's traditional look. On the other hand, supporters said it would bring new life into the city center.Track 4-1-OL-6B. Now listen again and complete the chart with the information you hear.Track 4-1-OL-7B. Listen to the interview with Erika Van Beek, an engineer. According to Erika, what should be done about overcrowding in cities?The future building boom?Interviewer: What do you think is the biggest problem facing our cities?Erika: I think it's overcrowding. Talk to anyone living in a major metropolitan area and they will say the same thing: There's no space. Even the suburbs are getting crowded.Interviewer: Well, in some places there simply isn't any land left for building, right?Erika: Yes, that's true, but you have to think creatively. You can't give up so easily.Interviewer: Think creatively? What do you suggest?E r i k a:What I'm saying is that we can build more structures underground. We can add parking lots, malls, hotels, and even apartment buildings. There's plenty of space.Interviewer: Isn't it expensive?E r i k a:Yes, it can be. In the past building underground has been very expensive. However, we have new technology that will bring the cost down. It involves using robots. You don't have to pay robots a salary!Interviewer: Isn't "building down" more dangerous than other kind of construction?E r i k a:Actually, I think it's safer than building skyscrapers, for example. Remember, we already do it. We have subways and underground shopping malls. I'm just suggesting we invest in a variety of bigger projects and that we dig deeper. Interviewer: What would you say to people who doubt your idea?E r i k a:I can understand their feelings. Whenever there's a new idea, it can cause controversy. But "building down" is not some kind of impractical idea. It makes sense. There is so much space underground: It can accommodate a lot of traffic, storage, and people. With the new technology we have, we'd be crazy not to consider the idea —it's the wave of the future!Track 4-1-OL-8C. Listen again. Check the statements you think Erika would agree.Unit 2Track 4-2-OL-1Pam: Well, Lynn, I must be going. It was great to see you –Lynn: By, Pam.Pam: What’s that?Lynn: Oh … that’s Ollie.Pam: Ollie: I didn’t know you had a dog!Lynn: Well, we don’t … really.Pam: What do you mean?Lynn: Come here.Pam: Oh my goodness. It’s a robot!Lynn: That’s right. It’s a dog robot. They call it a “dogbot.”Pam: How interesting! … But it’s a little strange, don’t you think?Lynn: Well, I wanted to get an interactive toy for the kids. They love it. So I’m happy.Pam: How much did it cost?Lynn: Don’t ask. It wasn’t very affordable. It’s cheaper than having a real dog, though. We don’t ever have to buy dog food! And the batteries are rechargeable.Juliana: Hey, Henrik. Look.Henrik: What is it, Juliana?Juliana: What’s that guy doing over th ere?Henrik: Which guy?Juliana: The one over there. Wearing a suit. H’s punching so many buttons on his cell phone.Henrik: Oh, him. He’s probably playing a game.Juliana: Really?Henrik: A lot of people have games on their cell phones. It’s really p opular here in Finland. They play them everywhere.Juliana: Do you play them, too?Henrik: Yes, I do.Juliana: I only use my phone to make telephone calls. I guess I’m old-fashioned.Henrik: I heard that some people play games even at work. They can play quietly during business meetings. No one knows about it.Juliana: I’d like to try it.Henrik: Here, use mine!Track 4-2-OL-3Penny: Hello. Your Computer World sales department.Ted: H i, Penny. It’s Ted.Penny: Oh, hi, Ted. What’s up?Ted: w ell, my computer has crashed again.Penny: Oh no!Ted: Oh, yes. That’s why I’m calling. You know, it’s five years old. And I need to speak to Scott about getting a new one.Penny: well, you’ve called at a good time. We have some attractive new models.Ted: G r eat! I’m looking for something affordable. And I want to get something portable this time.Penny: I’m sure Scott can help you with that… Let’s see, he is in a meeting until 3:30. I’ll ask him to call you.Ted: N o, that’s OK. I’ll call him after 3:30. Ple ase give him the message.E-mail is my favourite way to communicate. I think it is as fast as a fax machine, and it is as easy as a cell phone. Of course, e-mail has some problems, too. It isn’t as affordable as ordinary mail, because you need a computer and Internet service. And I don’t think it is as reliable as a fax machine. Sometimes e-mail messages get lost. But in my opinion, e-mail is as convenient as a cell phone. I can send a message from my home or office, and my friends can read it when they have time.Track 4-2-OL-5In today’s report, we look at a new technology called pervasive computing.Pervasive computing means putting tiny computers into everyday electronic appliances, such as toasters and microwaves. With pervasive computing, appliances can communicate with their users – and with other appliances! Some companies now sell pervasive computing products like a “smart” toaster. It remembers your favourite kind of toast: light or dark. Companies are designing a “smart” coffee maker and a“smart” clock. The coffee maker can measure the water and coffee. It can even put milk in your breakfast coffee and make black coffee in the afternoon. The clock will check the time on other clocks in your house, and give information about other appliances. For example, it can tell you, “Your coffee maker needs more water.”And that’s only the beginning. One company is now advertising “Save time –phone your washing machine!” engineers are making a “smart” house. In this house, the lights, heater, and ai r conditioner change automatically when family members come home. This makes the home comfortable, and it saves a lot of energy. Pervasive computing could change many parts of our daily lives.But do people really want pervasive computing? Do they really need technology everywhere? One company asked people about their opinions on “smart” appliances. There were surprises. A “smart” refrigerator can buy more food on the internet, but people didn’t want it, because it might make mistakes.“Pervasive computing is as important as a telephone,” says Rebecca Blair, president of InnoTech Corporation. But some of these products are not useful, or even practical. Companies should learn more about the technology that people really want.Track 4-2-OL-7Local girl rescuedShe may have a broken leg, but she can’t be happier. Morgan Bailey, 11, is happy to be alive.Tuesday was like any other day for Morgan. She was at school. It was fourth period, and she was the first student to arrive in the gymnasium for her physical education class.Suddenly there was a loud noise.“There was a sharp cracking noise and then a loud boom. After that, I don’t remember anything,” said Morgan. The roof of the gymnasium had collapsed under the heavy snow. Morgan was trapped und erneath. She couldn’t escape.“I woke up and there was a big piece of wood on my leg. I couldn’t move it. I was starting to get cold.”Fortunately, help was nearby. A new program using “rescue robots” was tried for the first time.“We were nervous about using the robot,” said Derrick Sneed, the man in charge of the program. “But in the end, the robot gave us reliable information. It went extremely well.”The rescue robot was able to go into the gym and locate Morgan’s exact position.“We send in robots first because it may not be safe for humans,” said Mr. Sneed. “Human beings are not as useful as robots in some situations. A gas leak, for example, could kill you or me but wouldn’t hurt a robot.”Although it didn’t happen in Morgan’s case, some r escue robots can bring fresh air or water to people who are trapped.Rescue robots go into rough, dangerous places. They work in life or death situations. They have to be durable. Doctors say that Morgan is doing well. She should be going home in two or three days. What is the first thing she wants to do after she gets out of the hospital?“I want to meet my hero,” laughs Morgan. “That little robot that saved my life!”Track 4-2-OL-9The first word processorMrs. Morgan: Good. So change the first part and make those corrections and your paper will be great.Tara: OK. Thanks for all your help, Professor Morgan. I’ll e-mail my paper to you later today. Mrs. Morgan: You know, technology is amazing. In high school I used to write my term papers on a typewriter. Tara: It must have taken a long time to write a paper on a typewriter.Mrs. Morgan: Well, I was pretty fast, but I made some mistakes. Actually, the typewriters weren’t that bad. Now, as for the first computers … oh my gosh!Tara: What do you mean?Mrs. Morgan: The first computers were so unreliable. They used to crash all the time. And they were not as affordable or as fast as they are now.Tara: Mine’s pretty fast, but not as fast as some of the newer, more expensive ones.Mrs. Morgan: I know! And nowadays, almost everyone has a computer. In those days, nobody had their own computer. We used to use the ones at the university.Tara: In the computer lab?Mrs. Morgan: Yeah, that’s all we had. I’ll never forget, one spring, during final ex ams. Everybody was working on their term papers, and the electricity went out!Tara: So? No big deal … laptops have batteries …Mrs. Morgan: Yes, but remember, in those days we didn’t have laptops. If your computer crashed, you lost everything.Tara: Everything?Mrs. Morgan: Everything. We used to lose information all the time, but that time it was terrible. Everybody lost their papers that afternoon … including me.Tara: What did you do?Mrs. Morgan: I went back to the good, old-fashioned way.Tara: You mean typewriters?Mrs. Morgan: Nope. I used something more affordable, portable, reliable, disposable, something that always worked.Tara: What was that?Mrs. Morgan: (holds up pencil and paper) The first word processor.Unit 3Track4-3-OL-1/Track4-3-OL-2Joe: What are you reading, Maria?Maria: The Daily News.Joe: The News? Ugh! That’s a terrible paper.Maria: Oh, Joe, it’s not so bad.Joe: Not so bad? Look at that headline on the front page! It’s so sensational.Maria: Well, they’ve got great comics. I can’t live without my comics.Joe: I know. But the news coverage is so poor, ... especially the international news. It’s a joke, really.Maria: I’m not so interested in the international news. Besides, they have so many other good feature s.Joe: Like what?Maria: Like… the daily horoscope, for example. I love it.Joe: That’s not a good reason to buy a newspaper … for the horoscope!Maria: Look, the newspaper only costs 50 cents. What so you expect?Joe: Good point.Maria: Besides the horoscope, I also like the entertainment news. I like to read about the stars and their love affairs. Joe: Well, you can keep The Daily News. I’m going to stick with The Times.Track 4-3-OL-3Amy: John, I’ve never notice this old photo of your family before.John: My mother just found it in the attic. She decided to hang it up.Amy: It’s a nice picture of your family.John：I think it’s embarrassing. And I look stupid.Amy: Well, you could‘ve combed your hair … it’s a nice shot, though. Look at how young you ar e! How old were you in the photo?John: Eight … no wait, I’d just turned nine.Amy: I guess these two people are your parents.John: Yep. They were married when that picture was taken. Now they’re divorced.Amy: Oh. What do they do?John: My father’s retir ed. Mom works in a hospital.Amy: What are their names?John：Well, my father’s name is Joseph. My mother is Olivia---she was named after a popular actress.Amy: How great! I have an aunt with the same name. I love the name Olivia … Who’s that guy?John: Which one?Amy: The guy standing behind you. Is that your brother, Tom?John: No, that's my Uncle Randy. He’s only two years older than my brother.Amy: He’s cute. I love a guy with a moustache.John: Um, sorry, but he’s married now. His wife just had a ba by.Amy: I was just making a comment … So the other young guy must be your brother.John: Yes. That’s Tom.Amy: How old is he in the picture?John: Let’s see … he’s nine years older than me … so he would‘ve been 18 then.Amy: And there’s your little sister, Tina. She’s so cute!John: Yeah. She’s two years younger than me. It’s hard to believe she’s in high school now!Track 4-3-OL -51. A bank robbery in Virginia, USA, was stopped when the robber and the bank teller couldn’t reach anagreement. The robber push ed a holdup note under the window, but the teller looked at it, said,” I can’t read this,” and gave it back. The robber pushed the note through a second time. The teller crumpled thenote up and threw it at the robber. He picked it up and walked out of the bank.2. A professional ice hockey player will miss the rest of this season’s games because he injured himself.National Hockey League goalie Jean-Louis Blanchard went on the injured list after he fell and seriously hurt his back. He was walking out of a restaurant in Ottawa, Canada, when he slipped on some ice.3.The first international camel beauty contest was held last week in Alxa, in western China. More than 100dressed-up camels entered the contest. The judges examined them for shiny hair, tall humps, and beautiful costumes. Unlike human beauty contests, though, there were no interviews with the contestants.4.Police in Sheffield, England, arrested a 41-year-old man for stealing five cars. Graham Owens went to cardealers and said he wanted to buy a car, and borrowed a car to test-drive. Each time, he drove the cararound, then cleaned it inside and washed it outside---before leaving it at the side of the road, and walkinghome.Track 4-3-OL-71.Nutty newsLulu is a kangaroo. For 10 years she has lived with the Richards family. Lulu was adopted by the family after they found her next to her dead mother.Mr. Ken Richards is a farmer. He was working on his farm when a heavy tree branch suddenly fell on top of him.Lulu stood next to Mr. Richards’ body. She started barking and didn’t leave Mr. Richards’ side.I’ve never heard Lulu bark like that---she sounded like a dog. She barked and barked and she didn’t stop, “said Celeste, Mr. Richards’ daughter.After 15 minutes, the Richards family went to investigate. They found Ken on the ground and he wasunconscious.“Lulu is a hero, “said Celeste. “She saved my father.”Mr. Middleton, an expert veterinarian, said that Lulu’s story is rare. “I have never seen a kangaroo act like that. Maybe lulu helped Ken Richards becau se the Richards family is the only family she has ever known.”Lulu has always followed Ken around the farm. She’s a loyal, friendly, and very intelligent kangaroo. After Ken leaves the hospital, he is planning to go everywhere with Lulu.2.Nutty newsApproximately 175,000 people live in the Republic of Vanuatu, an island chain east of Australia. It is apopular tourist destination because there’s a lot to do there: you can visit waterfalls, go horseback riding,take an aerial tour, or visit a traditional Ni-Vanuatu village. Vanuatu is most famous for its scuba diving and snorkeling.In an effort to draw attention to these popular water sports, Vanuatu has created a world’s “first”: thegovernment has opened an underwater post office. You have to be a certified scuba driver to work there.The office is three meters below the surface in an area on the outskirts of Port Vila, the capital city. So far,the post office has hired four workers. They will work in a room surrounded by the beauty of Vanuatu’sunderwater world. Customers will buy waterproof postcards on land and then drive down to the post office to receive a special waterproof stamp.3-OL-51. cool2. sold out3. realizes4. music reviewer5. apartment building6. get them concert tickets7. goes over8. invites him to go with her9. a date with 10. mind Takeshi going without himUnit 4Track4-4-OL-1A. Listen to Camille’s job interview. Then circle the answer to the question.Man: So, I see here that you went to college.Camille: Yes, sir. For two years. I didn’t graduate.Man: Do you speak any languages besides English?Camille: Yes, I speak conversational French.Man: Any other languages?Camille: No, that’s it.Man: Well, that’s great. As you know, we fly to Paris twice a week. We always need people who can speak French. Man: Let’s see… have you worked for an airline before?Camille: No. I have no job experience.Man: So, this would be your first job.Camille: Yes.Man; Well, I only have two more questions. Are you healthy and physically fit? Can you lift heavy objects? Camille: Yes, I think so.Man: Well, the emergency window exit on the plane weighs about 50 pounds. And the meal cart is very heavy, too.You need to move those objects sometimes.Camille: I think I can do that.Man: Wonderful. Let me tell you about the next step. We have a six-week training program that takes place in the summer. You have to…Track 4-4-OL-2B. Listen again. Check Yes or No for each statement about Camille.Track 4-4-OL-3A.Listen to Olivia talking about her future plan and fill in the blanks with information from the talk.I plan to become a teacher after I finish my studies. I decided to study at this university because the teachingprogram is very good. We have a lot of practice working with children. I love to work with young kids. I expect to graduate from the university next June, and I hope to find a job in a kindergarten. I’ll try to start working in September.Track 4-4-OL-4B.Listen to the job interview. Check the right item in the table based on the information from the interview.Mr. Grant: Hello, Ms. Hale. I’m Mr. Grant, the advertising manager for the company. Do you have a resume or curriculum vitae to give to me?Ms. Hale: Yes, Mr. Grant. Here it is.Mr. Grant: Thank you. Now, let me tell you a little bit about the job. We need someone to design brochures on the computer. Do you have up-to-date computer skills?Ms. Hale: Yes, I do. In my present position I use computer graphics all the time. I have experience with animation as well.Mr. Grant: Oh, that’s very good. We hope to launch a new group of animated ads next spring. Can you work with others in a pleasant manner, Ms. Hale?Ms. Hale: My co-workers seem to think so. I can also work independently by myself.Mr. Grant: That’s necessary, too. What about flexibility in working long hours on a project?Ms. Hale: I have a lot of energy and I’m willing to get the job done. The work I did last year won two awards at a national conference.Mr. Grant: Excellent. That’s very impressi ve. By the way, did I mention that we need someone to start next week? Ms. Hale: No, you didn’t, but it might be possible.Mr. Grant: Good. Thank you for coming today. We’ll be in touch soon.Track4-4-OL-5A.Listen to the passage about an unusual job. Fill in the blank with information from the passage.You’ve never met Melissa Hayes, and you don’t know her name, but you know her voice. Mellissa record information messages for the telephone company. When you hear the number you called has beenchanged…--that’s Mellissa!“Yes, it’s true,” she say. “I’m the voice talent for Nation Telephone.” At least 50000 people hear her voice every day. “I try to sound warm and friendly, even when I’m saying, I’m sorry, that number isincorrect. Please try again.”Melissa works only three days a week, but she has to practice a lot. “My voice has to sound the same at the end of eight hours.” She’s very careful about her voice. “I don’t drink lots of water with honey. I can’t g to horror movies because I always scream, and I might hurt my voice!”How did she get her job? “A friend told me about it. I listened to all the telephone company messages on my phone, and then I recorded a cassette of those messages. After I sent it to the company, I called them every day fo r a month!”She’s done this work for three years now, and she loves it. “It’s fun! And I’m helping people by using my voice.” Plus, people are always surprised when they hear about Melissa’s job. They say, “You’re a real person? I thought it was a compu ter!”Track 4-4-OL-6B.Listen again. Check your answers.Track 4-4-OL-7A.Listen to the interviews about Ken’s and Steven’s jobs. Then check Ken or Steven for each item in thebox below. Interview 1Interviewer: What is your job, Ken?Ken：I’m a V.J. or “video jockey.”Interviewer: How would you describe your job?Ken: I’m on TV. I introduce music videos and talk about them. I also interview singers who appear in videos. Interviewer: What is the best part of your job?Ken: I get to meet a lot of famous pe ople. That’s very exciting. Also, I love music, so it’s a lot of fun. Interviewer: What is the worst part of your job?Ken: I get to meet a lot of famous people. Some of them are not very nice. They think they are better than me. They can be very demanding.Interviewer: What was your most memorable moment?Ken: Last year, I presented an award on TV at a video music award show. I couldn’t believe it. They flew me out to Los Angeles and I stayed in Beverly Hill. I was on the TV show for a whole 45 seconds! I got to meet a lot of stars.Interviewer: I want to be a V.J. How I get the job?Ken: Well, first you have to make a videotape about yourself. You need to talk about certain things on the video. In my case, there was a list of question, like “What did you do last weekend?” and “What’s in your CD player right now?” After you talk about yourself, you send the videotape in to the TV station. They call you if they like the tape.Interview 2Interviewer: What is your job, Steven?Steven: I’m a car courier.Interviewer: How would you describe your job?Steven: Sometimes a person or a company needs a car moved from one place to another. They may not have time to do it themselves. They hire me to drive the car.Interviewer: What is the best part of your job?Steven: I like to drive, so it’s fun for me. Last summer, I drove all the way from New York to California. The weather was great. I had the radio on and enjoyed my trip very much.Interviewer: What is the worst part of your job?Steven: I have to be very punctual. If I say I’ll arrive on Monday at 6:00, I have to be there by Monday at 6:00. I have to be dependable. It’s stressful at times.Interviewer: What was your most memorable moment?Steven: I drove across the desert as the sun was setting. It was incredible!Interviewer: I want to be a car courier. How do I get the job?Steven: That’s a good question. My mother started this business, so she hired me. You’d have to call my mother to find out!Track 4-4-OL-8B.Listen again an d the complete the summaries of Ken’s and Steven’s job below. Use the words in thebox.Unit 5Track 4-5-OL-1B. Now listen to a quiz show and check your answers in A.Host:Welcome back to “You Snooze, You Lose!” the best game show on television! This is our final round. Let me remind you of the rules. We will show an object for a couple of seconds. It’s your jobto guess what it is. Michael? Linda? Are you ready to play?M & L:Yes!Host:Ok, then, let’s play “You Snooze, You Lose!” Show us item numbe r one.Host:Yes, Michael?Michael:I know what they are. They’re called “cams” and they’re used in mountain climbing.Host:That’s right for one point! They’re used to hold climbing ropes. All right then, here’s our second object. Yes, Linda?Linda:Is it some kind of tool?Host:Can you be more specific?Linda:I don’t know… a tool used to fix some kind of machine?。

听力教程4_答案_施心远（1—13）

听力教程4 答案施心远（1—13）Unit 1Section 1Listening and Translation1. A college education can be very costly in the United States.2.Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay forcollege.3.There are different federal loans and private loans for students.4.Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.5.There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.1.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背负沉重的债务从大学毕业。

Section 2Part 1 Dialogue1-8 A C D C B C B APart 2 passage Ex C: 1-8 F F T T F T T FSection 3News Item 1China's wasted no time insetting put the latest plans for its ambitious space program. A senior official said the next manned mission will be in 2007, when the astronauts will attempt a space walk. After that, scientists will focus on developing the capability to rendezvous* and dock* with other spacecraft. He added that China also wanted to recruit female astronauts in the near future.The announcement comes just hours after the country's second manned space mission touched down in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia. The returning astronauts have been given a hero's welcome, riding in an open car in a nationally televised parade. Thousands of soldiers and groups of schoolchildren lined the route, waving Chinese flags. It's a sign of the great importance China attaches to its space program, viewing it as a source of national pride and international prestige.A: …about China’s ambitious space program.B:1. Landing spot: in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia2. Significance: a source of national pride and international prestige (威望) Future plan1. 1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk.2. Focus of further development: the capability to rendezvous and dock withother spacecraft3. Recruitment of astronauts: to recruit female astronauts in the near future. News Item 2China's economy has recovered earlier and more strongly than any other. This latest data is further evidence of that trend. The rise in industrial output confirms what factory owners have been saying for some time now, that customers have been restocking* their inventories and confidence is returning.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property* sector* is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies* for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.A: … about the growth of China’s economy.News Item 3If you visit almost any marketplace in Africa, many of the consumer goods on sale, from buckets to razor blades to hurricane lamps, are likely to be Chinese. In a very large number of African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.Sino-African trade, and aid, is large and growing. Some estimates put it as high as 12 billion dollars a year. Although direct comparisons are difficult, the links between the world's largest developing country, China, and the world's largest developing continent could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa. The meeting in Addis Ababa* had heard Chinese promises to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.A: … about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa.B：1.In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been builtwith Chinese aid money.2.It is estimated that Sino-African trade, and aid, amounts to as high as 12 billiondollars a year.3.The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post-coloniallinks between Europe and Africa.4.On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-freeaccess into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.Unit 2Section 1Listening and Translation1.Some people fear they do not get enough vitamins from the foods they eat.2.So they take products with large amounts of vitamins.3.They think these vitamin supplements will improve their health and protectagainst disease.4.Medical experts found little evidence that most supplements do anything toprotect or improve health.5.but they noted that some do help to prevent disease.1.有些人担心他们并未从所吃的食物中获取足够的维生素。

新视野听说教程第4册听力原文Unit1

Unit 1 The Fame GameWarming UpAudio ScriptM: You’re telling me that you’d rather be famous than be respected as a good person?W: Well, I don’t know. It’s just that I see all these famous people on TV, and well, it’s hard not to want the same thing for myself – attention, love from millions of people…M: Love? Do you think people actually love celebrities? I don’t think so! The public enjoys watching famous people get into trouble even more than they like watching them succeed. Besides, being a famous person means never having time to yourself – appear before crowds, having people follow you around 24-7. Believe me, it isn’t fun.W: You talk as if you know something about celebrity. Were you ever famous?M: You know the old saying “Everything has his 15 minutes of fame”? Well, I expect to have my 15 minutes someday. But I don’t expect to like it.(Words: 148) 1. F 2. T 3. NGListeningUnderstanding Short ConversationsAudio Scripts1.W: You don’t really seem interested in painting pictures, so why did you apply to this art program?M: To be honest, I thought that through art, I could become famous. Pretty stupid, huh? Q: What can be inferred from this conversation?2.W: You have everything you ever wanted! But why do you look so blue?M: Ah, man, I discovered that all those things – money, fame, and the lot – are all empty. And in trying to get them, I ignored my art.Q: Why is the man not happy?3.W: Hey, Marty. What’s the matter, pal? When you first started writing, you did so much better work. Are you bored or something?M: I know my work is suffering, but I don’t know the reason. I don’t seem so interested anymore. Maybe, as you said, I am bored. Who knows?Q: What are the speakers talking about?4.W: Is it true what they say about the director? Does he really work for art, not for fame? M: That’s what people say, and I’m inclined to believe them. He certainly hasn’t sold out to the cheap film companies.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?5.W: What’s on the schedule for tonight’s show? Something I’m likely to enjoy?M: You might like it – a story about a dancer who sells his soul to become famous and then loses his friends, family, and everything important.Q: What is tonight’s show about?6.W: Isn’t that man who won an Academy Award for his cartoon artwork?M: What? That tramp? Hey, you know, I think you’re right. Man, what happened to him? He was really famous!Q: What happened to the artist at last?7.W: Look! Look! Look! Look at me, Dad! I’ve done it! Success, money, popularity…The world is at the tip of my fingers and I feel like a queen!M: Sweetheart, I think you need to cool down a bit. Don’t let all of this success go to your head.Q: What has happened to the woman?8.W: Get a grip on yourself! Don’t you dare quit your job! Y ou really think you can succeed as an actor? Do you really think you can become famous?M: I don’t think I need to be famous to succeed. I’m sure I can get work as an extra and then maybe move on to more interesting roles.Q: What are the speakers talking about?9.W: Hey, you! Watch out! Where’s your head? Walking in front of cars like that?M: Huh? Ah! Oh! Sorry, I mean… thanks, I just received word from my agent that my book is to be published. Isn’t it wonderful? Sorry I was daydreaming about the fame to come and forget to look at the traffic.Q: Where is the conversation taking place?10.W: Thanks for coming in. I loved your work, but I wish it looked more like your previous pieces.M: God! I knew it! Complaints from my teacher, my mother… even my doctor! And now, my boss? Since I became famous, no one will let me change!Q: What is the relationship between the speakers?1. A2. C3. B4. B5. D6. B7. A8. C9. C 10. DUnderstand a Long ConversationAudio ScriptM: There’s only one thing in life worse than being talked about, and that’s not being talked about.W: That was said by Oscar Wilde, wasn’t it?M: That’s right. You’re pretty smart.W: I have my moments. But I’m afraid that I won’t remember anything else for your test tomorrow.M: Well, let’s have a run-through. First, what can you remember about Wilde?W: The basics, obviously – British, 19th century writer… He was gay, wasn’t he?M: That’s right. And he actually went to jail for it.W: Why? There must’ve been many gays in English at the time. Why was he singled out to be put in prison? Or, were the English throwing all gays in jail?M: No, not everyone. But things were different for Wilde. A famous person, like him, isn’t free to do what he likes. People paid more attention to his actions. There were reporters, and everything that he said and did was watched carefully.W: Yeah? It might’ve been better for him if he wasn’t famous.M: Maybe. But, then again, if he wasn’t well-known, we might not have his wonderful stories today. (Words: 190)1. What are the speakers talking about? A2. What did Oscar Wilde say? B3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A4. Why was Oscar Wilde treated differently? C5. What can be inferred from the conversation? BUnderstanding a PassageAudio ScriptYou young people go crazy over famous people. Will you listen to me when I tell you your generation is wrong about this? Let me use an example to illustrate my point to you.Marilyn Monroe, you might not even know who she is. Back in my day, when I was your age, she was a big movie star. But she wasn’t born a movie star, no sir. She was a simple girl with beauty and innocence until she went to Hollywood to make movies. That’s right. Instead of living out a simple life of integrity and hard work or trying to develop a respectable name in her profession, she sought fame. Well, I’ll tell you, she got her wish. She made her movies –All About Eve in 1950, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes in 1953, Some Like It Hot in 1959, and more. She got into trouble throughout – drugs, abuse… All of this came crashing down on her head, and she died at an early age in 1962. Sad, really.I hope that this example shows you the dangers of fame. Believe me, it’s best just to live a simple life. (Words: 190)1. What is the man talking about? A2. What is TRUE according to what you hear? A3. Why did Monroe go to Hollywood? D4. When was Some Like It Hot made? B5. Why is the man telling this story? CUnderstanding a Radio ProgramAudio ScriptIt was the royal wedding we remember best of all. Twenty-five years ago tomorrow, Prince Charles married Lady Diana Spencer in London’s St. Paul’s Cathedral. CBS News correspondent Randall Pinkston looks back to the perfect day which didn’t turn out happily ever after.It was the wedding of the century, watched by over half-a-million people in Britain, and the worldwide audience of a staggering 750 million. The young bride, peering out smilingly from her glass coach, would become the most famous woman in the world, and change the monarchy forever. But that was in the distant and tragic future. On this day in July, 1981, joy filled the land.This was a moment in history, that, you know, that Prince Charles was going to be king and she was going to be his queen. She was so young, and so beautiful. And she had already sort of got a stranglehold on the hearts and minds of the people.British journalist Victoria Mather was one of the wedding guests that fabled day.“What do you remember most about that day?”“I remember most that it was just exactly like anybody else’s wedding. That, the bride’s mom wore a flowery hat. You know, and there was the naughty little bridesmaid; the bridegroom looked nervous; and the bride fluffed her lines. I mean it was just so like anybody else’s wedding, it was just writ large.Like the train of Diana’s wedding gown, which seemed to go on forever. Elizabeth Emanuel, with her then-husband David, designed the dress. Right after the wedding, they received a phone call.“It was Diana, and we, we couldn’t believe it, and she had phoned to thank us for making her wedding dress and saying she left so beautiful in it.”(Words: 295)1. Charles, prince of England, married in St. Paul’s Cathedral.2. Victoria Mather was a guest at the wedding ceremony.3. Diana’s mother wore a hat with flowers at the wedding.4. The bridesmaid is remembered as having been naughty.5. David Emanuel was one of the designers of the wedding dress.Speaking: Speaking Practice : Audio ScriptMoney, awards, and attention often come with fame. For some people, these things have a corrupting influence. They cling to their fame, seek to make more money, and stop being creative. This wasn’t the case with Marie Curie, one of the greatest scientists in history.Curie became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in 1903. This did not stop her from continuing to work and make even more discoveries and inventions. For her ceaseless efforts and scientific discoveries, Curie earned her second Nobel Prize in 1911. She was the first person ever to receive two Nobel Prizes. Fame was never a burden to Curie.It wouldn’t have been surprising has Curie become a millionaire. She did not and never thought of money! Instead of patenting her work, she allowed other scientists to use it freely so they could also help mankind. She also donated 2 grams of radium for research work. And during World War II, she was a volunteer in hospitals, helping them make use of radiation. (Words: 171)Key for Reference:In light of Marie Curie’s example, we are asked to say something of fame. Curie set a high standard for famous people. Having achieved fame, she continued her work. Not only that, but she remained unselfish. Though she could’ve earned greater riches and enjoyed a more comfortable life, she didn’t. She put others first, and she put her work before herself. She lived and died for her work, and nothing more could be asked of a person. Her example shows us two things. First, it shows that there is nothing wrong with fame. Fame is a symbol of success in one’s career. When on has achieved it, fame shows that a person has done well. It can even encourage people to work even harder, to do even better work. Following this idea, people can have a positive attitude toward fame – not making it a burden, but avoiding the corruption that can occur because of it. Second, Curie’s example shows us what a person should do in the face of fame. So many people, after they have become famous, allow themselves to be corrupted. After becoming famous, they stop working hard or they take making money as their goal. It is clear that in doing this they have not acted well in the face of fame. These corrupted individuals should look at the life of Curie. Famous people, after having proven themselves well, should continue doing well. Whether it is in the arts or in the sciences, accomplishment and selfless devotion to work should continue. In this way, the world will become better for all people.Listening and SpeakingListening and SummarizingAudio ScriptPeople often say that being famous is a hassle. I don’t see why. From what I’ve seen, from people on TV and in movies, having fame is a never-ending joy. Right here, I’d like to introduce the reasons behind my thought.Firstly, famous people enjoy a status that other people simply don’t have. W ith this higher status, famous people can enjoy such pleasures as getting a table at a crowded restaurant whenever they want one. People look up to and respect those with fame.Secondly, famous people receive attention from others. How often do you feel ignored and unheard by others? Famous people don’t have this problem. When they speak, people listen.Thirdly, famous people can often use their fame to make money. They can bring attention to products and receive money for doing so, or they can act in movies.I, for one, would like to be famous. And I suspect that even people who are against fame would secretly like to be famous too.(Words: 166)Reasons why being famous is good1. Famous people have high status.2. Famous people receive attention.3. Famous people can make money.HomeworkSupplementary ListeningTask 1Audio ScriptW: How important are friends to you, Bill?M: That’s kind of a strange question for this setting, don’t you think so?W: Well, the teacher hasn’t come in yet, class hasn’t begun, and I was just wondering about it. So, what do you think about friends?M: I’ve never regarded them as particularly important. Perhaps that’s because I come from a big family –two brothers and three sisters, and lots of cousins. That’s what’s really important to me. What about you, Emma?W: My situation, you know, is different, so I have different ideas. To me friendship… having friends… people I know I can really count on… to me that’s the most important thing in life. It’s more important even than love. If you love someone, you can always fall out of love again, and that can lead to a lot of hurt feelings and bitterness. But a good friend is a friend for life.M: In my mind, a friend is someone who likes the same thing as you do, with whom you can argue without losing your temper, even if you don’t always agree with him.(Words: 188) Task 11. What are the speakers talking about? D2. What has the man always thought? A3. What can be inferred from the conversation? B4. What does the man think about friends? B5. Where is the conversation taking place? ATask 2Audio ScriptAt the age of 41, Clark Gable, one of Hollywood’s biggest actors, enlisted in the army, serving in World War II. Gable’s postwar films were, for the most part, disappointing, as was his 1949 marriage. Dropped by both his wife and his studio, Gable ventured out as a freelance actor in 1955, quickly becoming the highest paid actor in Hollywood. He again found happiness with his fifth wife and continued his career in such critical failures as Teacher’s Pet, released in 1958. In 1960, Gable was signed fro the “modern” Western, The Misfits. The troubled and tragic history of this film has been well documented, but, despite the on-set tension, Gable took on the task uncomplainingly, going so far as to perform several grueling stunt scenes involving wild horses. The strain of filming, however, coupled with his ever-robust lifestyle, proved too much for the actor. Clark Gable suffered a heart attack two days after the competition of The Misfits and died in 1960 at the age of 59, just a few months before the birth of his first son. Most of the nation’s newspapers announced the death of Clark Gable with a four-word headline: “The King is Dead.”(Words: 198)Task 21. What is this passage about? C2. When did Gable become a freelance actor? A3. What can we know about Gable from the passage? B4. What is described as being “tragic” in the passage? B5. What can be inferred from the passage? ATask 3Audio ScriptNursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing 1) shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel’s example.At Beth Israel, each patient is 2) assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his or her medical history to his or her emotional state. Then, the nurse writes a care plan, one that is not only 3) centered on the patient’s illness but also one which includes everything else that is necessary.The primary nurse stays with the patient throughout his or her 4) hospitalization, keeping track of his or her progress and seeking further advice from the doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to 5) treatment, it is not uncommon for the nurse to propose another approach to the doctor. What the doctors at Beth Israel have in the primary nurse is a true 6) colleague.Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a 7) decentralized nursing administration; every floor and every unit is a self-contained organization. 8) There are nurse-managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties, they do all their own hiring and firing, and employee advising. They even make salary recommendations. Each unit’s nurses 9) decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.Beth Israel’s nurse-in-chief ranks as 10) an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. The nurse-in-chief is also a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.(Words: 257)。

听力教程4unit1听力原文主编：施心远

Unit 1Section One Tactics for ListeningListening and Translation1. A college education can be very costly in the United States.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2.Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3.There are different federal loans and private loans for students.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背着沉重的债务从大学毕业。

Section two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue-Social GroupingInterviewer: Right. You're talking about social groupings here. Could you tell us somethingabout the ways animals form into groups Nike Down: Yes. Er, many, many animals are very solitary* animals. The only times they gettogether is when they mate, or when they'rebringing up their young. The majority ofanimals are solitary, but a verysignificant group of mammals and insects,like ants and termites*, bees and wasps, arevery social and they group together becausein a group it's much safer. You can defendyourself more easily if you're in a group,you can find males more easily if you're ina group, and you can change the world aroundyou by working with the others if you livein a group. Solitary animals have a muchmore difficult time in many ways. Interviewer: You mentioned lions and other carnivores* earlier on. Do they group verymuchNike Down: Yes. Most cats in fact don't group. Er, lions and, to a lesser extent, cheetahs* arethe only cats that group together. A groupof lions is called a pride*, and you mightget anything up to 15 or 20 lions in a pride.A pride of lions would have perhaps two orthree males, perhaps a dozen females, andthen the cubs. But the real lion groupconsists of females with their cubs. Themales tend to stay for a few years and thenthey get kicked out by a group of youngermales that come in and take over. Interviewer: And how about the apesNike Down: Ah, well, now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes —some apes — live in very, very big andcomplicated social groups. Not all.Orangutans*, for example, big apes thatlive in Indonesia and Malaysia — they'revery solitary and one adult may meet anotheradult only once every two or three years,when a male and a female mate, and then, theonly relationship will be between a motherand her baby. The baby will stay with themother for two or three years, four years,five years even, learning from the mother, learning what sorts of foods to eat, what the signs of danger are, and then when the baby grows up, off it'll go, and live its own solitary life. The reason why orangutans are solitary is because there's not very much food in a forest and if there was a big group of orangutans, all the food would just run out. But, leaving Asia and going to Africa, then you find very social apes. Now, gorillas, for example. Gorillas live in unimale* groups. They used to be called harems*, but the technical term is unimale because there's one male within the group; one male, and then around him will be anything up to six, seven, eight, nine females, plus all the babies. And that one male in the group is the silverback gorilla, and he's much bigger and stronger than the others. He's got silvery fur on his back and the others won't challenge him and he'll lead the group slowly through the forest, settling down every night and moving on the next day, finding food. So that's a unimale group. But if you move a little bit furtherwest into West Africa, you'll start to come across chimpanzees. Now they're a bit smaller than gorillas. They spend a lot of time in the trees, whereas gorillas are down on the ground. And chimpanzees are much more closely related to us than they are to gorillas. They're our closest living relatives. Now chimps* live in multimale groups; in other words, you'll get, oh, anything up to six, seven, eight males, then you'll get two or three times that number of females —a dozen, two dozen females —plus all the youngsters, so we're talking about groups that can be as big as 40 or 50 or even 60. Now a chimpanzee group —multimale group — is a very flexible type of group. It constantly splits into smaller groups. Off they go for a few days, back they come, reform, break up again. And within that group the males tend to hang around the outside, protecting the group, fighting off rival males that might want to come in and mate with the females, but they tend to come and go to some extent. The ongoing core of the chimpanzee group consists of femaleswith their young and sometimes sisters willactually work together to bring up theiryoung collectively. Yes, so apes are very,very social animals indeed.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.2. C3. D4. C5. B6. C7. B8. APart 2 Passage Community CollegesGreat challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition. National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's continued economic strength, a need that called for a dramatic increase in college attendance. Yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college.During the same period, the country's rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning(vocational education) division or citizenship school to the diploma program.The high school-based community college* was the most successful type of addition. Meanwhile, small, private colleges had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations and a program that included both academics and extracurricular activities.From the combination of these traditions emerged the earliest community colleges, roughly balanced in number between private and public control but united in their commitment to meet local needs. The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students. It nevertheless offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities.A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers. In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8* teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers.Community colleges are centers of educational opportunity. More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated* a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn, regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience. Today, the community college continues the process of making higher education available to a maximum number of people at 1,166 public and independent community colleges.The breadth of programming and the variety of students' goals make it difficult to accurately quantify* community college performance. Unlike four-year colleges, where attainment of a bachelor's degree is the implicit* goal of students, community college students do not share a common goal beyond self-improvement.Research shows that education pays. Students who complete associate degrees* and certificates are more likely to move into higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. An investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely pay lifelong dividends*, as students who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of $250,000 more than people withoutdegrees.But success at community colleges must be broadly defined to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionIn the United States the terms "college" and "university" can describe a variety of institutions.A college may form one major division of a university, offering programs in a specific academic field that lead to undergraduate or graduate degrees, or both. Colleges may also be independent of a university, offering four-year programs of general education that lead to a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts and sciences. Universities generally comprise various colleges and professional schools that make up the academic divisions of the institution. Universities provide higher education leading to a bachelor’s degree as well as professional and graduate programs leading to master's and doctoral degrees.Community colleges offer two-year programs of general education or vocational education.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.Great challenges faced the Unites States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition.2. During the same period, the country's rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities.3. It offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities.4. A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers.5. The breadth of programming and the variety of students' goals make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The leaders of the US realized that a skilled workforce was needed in the country's key economicsectors.(National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's continued economic strength.)F 2. Three-quarters of high school graduates could not further their education because there were not enough higher education facilities available in the early 20th century. (Yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college.)T 3. It was common for public high schools to add a teacher institute, manual learning division or citizenship school to the diploma program in the early 20th century. (During the same period ... public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning division or citizenship school to the diploma program.)T 4. During the same time, small, private colleges had formed an effective model of higher education based on the principles of small classes and close student-faculty relations. (Meanwhile, small, private colleges had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles ofsmall classes, close student-faculty relations ...)F 5. The typical early community college rarely enrolled over 115 students. (The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students.)T 6. Community colleges were good places for women to get education needed to be primary school teachers. (In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers.)T 7. Community colleges, which appeared a century ago, make it possible for anyone who wants to learn to get publicly funded higher education close to their homes. (More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn, regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience.)F 8. The success of community colleges can be defined as granting students associate degrees or certificates they need to find a job.(But success at community colleges must be broadly defined toinclude not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.)Exercise D After-listening Discussion Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Research shows that education pays. Students who complete associate degrees and certificates are more likely to move into higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. An investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely pay lifelong dividends, as students who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of $250,000 more than people without degrees.2.(open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1China's wasted no time in setting out the latest plans for its ambitious space program. A senior official said the next manned mission will be in 2007, when the astronauts will attempt a space walk. After that, scientists will focus on developing thecapability to rendezvous* and dock* with other spacecraft. He added that China also wanted to recruit female astronauts in the near future.The announcement comes just hours after the country's second manned space mission touched down in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia. The returning astronauts have been given a hero's welcome, riding in an open car in a nationally televised parade. Thousands of soldiers and groups of schoolchildren lined the route, waving Chinese flags. It's a sign of the great importance China attaches to its space program, viewing it as a source of national pride and international prestige. Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news and complete the summary.This news item is about China's ambitious space program.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following outline.-China's second manned space missionnding spot: In the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia2.significance: A source of national pride andinternational prestige- Future plan1. The next manned mission1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk.2. Focus of further development: The capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft3. Recruitment of astronauts: To recruit female astronauts in the near futureNews item 2China’s economy has recovered earlier and more strongly than any other. This latest data is further evidence of that trend. The rise in industrial output confirms what factory owners have been saying for some time now, that customers have been restocking their inventories and confidence is returning.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property sector is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinesemanufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.A: Directions: Listen to the news and complete the summary.This news item is about the growth of China’s economy.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property sector is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first timesince February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.News Item 3If you visit almost any marketplace in Africa, many of the consumer goods on sale — from buckets to razor blades to hurricane lamps —are likely to be Chinese. In a very large number of African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.Sino-African trade — and aid — is large and growing. Some estimates put it as high as 12 billion dollars a year. Although direct comparisons are difficult, the links between the world's largest developing country —China, and the world's largest developing continent could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa. The meeting in Addis Ababa* has heard Chinese promises to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news and complete thesummary.This news item is about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1.In many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.2.It is estimated that Sino-African trade — and aid — amounts to as high as 12 billion dollarsa year.3.The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa.4.On the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.。

施心远听力教程4-Unit-1答案

Section Two Listening Comprehens ion
02 Focus: Understanding the gist of a
03
conversation. Predicting and making use of prior-
04
knowledge.
6
Pre-listening discussion: Say names of animals you know Insects: bees, wasps, ants, termites, flies, butterflies… Carnivores: tigers, lions, leopards, wolves… Other animals: apes, monkeys, …
来源于拉丁文caro，“flesh”。carnal肉欲的，好色的；carnalism寻欢作乐的纵欲主义，是贪图肉体的享受；carnivore中字根vore指“吃”所以carnivore指肉食动物。herbivore食草动物； folivore食叶动物。甚至连carnation康乃馨，大多也是粉红色，肉色的。至于大家熟悉的carnival 狂欢节，现在又翻译为“嘉年华”（根据该词粤语读音直译），过去是指在天主教为期40天的大斋戒来临前，人们聚在一起狂啃肉的情景。从字面上理解，拉丁文carne vale相当于英语flesh，farewell，相当于中文 “别了，肉（所以现在让我赶紧吃几口）”。
19
七．In a unimale gorilla group, the one male in the group has got silvery fur on the back.
八．Many mammals and insects are very social except most cats.

施心远主编《听力教程》第版Unit答案（1）

施心远主编《听力教程》第版Unit答案（1）A L i s t e n i n g C o u r s e4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 6Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translation1. Blogs are being used more and more by teachers.老师对博客的使用越来越多。

2. Many Internet services now offer free and easy ways to create personal Web pages.现在很多因特网服务商都提供免费、便捷的制作个人网页的方式。

3. Educators did not become involved with blogging right away.教育工作者并不是从一开始就涉足博客的。

4. Many were concerned with privacy issues and security.很多人担心隐私和安全问题。

5. But now, thousands of teacher blogs can be found on the Internet.但是现在在因特网上可以找到成千上万个教师博客网页。

Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueEx. : Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false.1. T. I put a big value on being current with my friends.2. F. She and her friends take turns to call each other.3. F. Her phone bills are high, but she considers it's just like one of her living expenses.4. T. She says, "there's something about throwing away a letter that I just can't do it."5. T. They met when they worked at the same place. Then he went to Taiwan for two years and they wrote letters. They didn'tknow each other very well, but they got to know each other through letters over the first two years and then they are good friends ever since.6. F. They met when they worked at the same place.7. F. When she first saw him after writing him for two years, she was a little nervous that they wouldn't be able to function without a pen and paper between them.8. T. She has a friend who got on-line and email is her thing. Since she got her email address recently, she is able to hear from her twice a week.9. F. She thinks that friends should provide comfort and support and adventure and jokes.10. T. She says, "I feel like one thingI want my friends to do is call me on things, you know, to let me know if I do something that upsets them from whatever reason.I think that's one thing friends, you know, do for each other.11. F. Sometimes friendship can get prickly and hard. You can fight, but in her view, fighting was never bad.12. T You share jokes that you've created together that you've understood and all you have to do is say one word, and the other person can go off into peals of laughter.Part 2 PassageEx. B: Sentence Dictation1. Negotiating isn't always done with a hammer in hand. But you should become a better negotiator if you want to succeed in business.2. In the art of negotiating, facts and figures play a role, but what may tip the balance is the emotional factor.3. Good negotiations--in business as well as in personal orfamily situations--hinge on respect for others, and respect for your own feelings.4. If someone is getting angry at you, there can be all sorts of reasons for that.5. Both sides have an ongoing relationship that can be damaged bya lopsided agreement.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Directions: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions1) What makes the difference between success and failure ina negotiation?How you deal with emotions, your own and those on the other side, makes the difference between success and failure in a negotiation.2) What does the notion of a lack of power and self-respect lead to in negotiation?The negotiator with this notion is often immediately put at an disadvantage.3) What do positive emotions and negative emotions bring about ina negotiation?Positive emotions elicit good feelings and often lead to good solutions; negative ones cloud the brain and reduce our capacity to think, learn and remember.Exercise 21) Appreciation: Understanding the other side’s point of view, finding merit in their ideas and communicating your understanding.2) Affiliation: Try to build genuine connections with the otherside as human beings, not merely as adversaries.3) Autonomy: The recognition that both you and the other side are free to affect or make decisions.4) Status: Competition over status is a dead end. Appreciating the status of both sides leads to the mutual respect necessary for a successful negotiation.5) Role: Don’t needlessly limit yourself. The activities in your work and negotiations can often be expanded to be more fulfilling and meaningful.Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is one of the best soothing methods? Why?One of the best soothing methods is to ask yourself, "How important is this issue to me?" Some negotiators, just like some married couples, are at risk of making every issue a big issue. We can get worked up about issues that are of little importance. As Aristotle pointed out, "One can become angry; that is easy. But to be angry with the right person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose--that is not easy."2. How do you deal with emotions in negotiations?Open.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the world’s first commercially cloned dog. Ex. B: Listen to the news again and decide T or F.1.F Several years ago Edgar and Nina Otto froze the DNA of theirdog, Lancelot.2.T The couple were sad and they decided to get a clone producedby a South Korean laboratory.3.F Lancelot Encore, the new puppy, is the world's firstcommercially cloned dog.4.F The new owners here in Florida say they're happy with theirnew dog and don't plan to clone any others.5.TTape script of News Item One:Several years ago Edgar and Nina Otto froze the DNA of their dog, Lancelot. When he died last year, the couple were devastated and they decided to get a clone produced by a South Korean laboratory.几年前, Edgar和Nina Otto将他们的爱犬Lancelot的DNA进行了冷藏。

施心远听力教程第四单元文本及答案

Unit 4Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics--Stress, Intonation and Accent1. A: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the secretary’soffice is pleaseB: Yes. It’s up the stairs, then turn left, ... ↗2. A: Excuse me. Can you tell me where the toilets areB: Yes, they’re at the top of the stairs.↘3. A: What did you do after work yesterdayB: Ah, well, I went for a drink in the pub opposite the car-park. ↘4. A: What did you do after work yesterdayB: Oh, I ran into Jane and Tom ..... ↗5. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine works B: Certainly. Erm, first of all you adjust the height of the stool, and then put four 10 pence pieces there, ...↗6. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine worksB: Yes. You put 30 pence in the slot and take the ticket out here. ↘Exercise:Part2 Listening and Note-takingFrog LegsPeople want frogs mostly for food. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries -- or at least until they have run out of frogs. But the most famous frog-eaters, and the people who inspired frog-eating in Europe and the United States are the French. By 1977 the French government, so concerned about the scarcity of its native frog, banned commercial hunting of its own amphibians. So the French turned to India and Bangladesh for frogs.As happened in France, American frog-leg fanciers and restaurants also turned increasingly to frozen imports. According to figures collected from government agencies, the United States imported more than 6.5 million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984.So many frozen frog legs were exported from India to Europe and the United States. One of the attractions of Indian frogs, apart from the fact that they have bigger legs than French frogs, was the price. In London, a pound of frozen frog’s legs from India cost about ￡1.75, compared with￡3.75 for the French variety.Indian scientists have described as “disastrous〞the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands, where they protect crops by devouring damaging insects.Since the India and Bangladesh frog-export bans, Indonesia has become the major exporter of frog legs to the United States and Europe. But no matter what country the legs come from, one thing is usually constant: The legs once belonged to frogs are taken from the wild, not from farms. Frogs are nearly impossible to farm economically in the countries where frogs are commercially harvested from the wild.Exercise A:1. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their dietsfor centuries.2. By 1977 the French government banned commercialhunting of its own amphibians.3. Indian scientists have described as “disastrous〞the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands.4. The United States imported more than 6.5 million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984.5. One of the attractions of Indian frogs was the price. Exercise B:Frog legsPeople want frogs mostly for food. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries, The most famous frog-eaters, and the people who inspired frog-eating in Europe and the United States are the French. By 1977 the French government banned commercial hunting of its own amphibians. So the French turned to India and Bangladesh for flogs. And the United States imported more than 6.5 million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984. One of the attractions of Indian frogs was the price.Indian scientists have described as “disastrous〞the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands, where they protect crops by devouringdamaging insects.Since the India and Bangladesh frog-export bans, Indonesia has become the major exporter of frog legs to the United States and Europe. But no matter what country the legs come from, one thing is usually constant: The legs once belonged to frogs are taken from the wild. not from farms.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1 Health ClubInterviewer: Lorna, you and your husband opened this health club here last summer. Can you tell me something about the clubLama: Yes, well we offer a choice of facilities -- gym, sunbed*, sauna* and Jacuzzi* -- that’s also from Scandinavia -- as well as our regular fitness classes, that is. And there’s a wholefood bar for refreshments afterwards. Interviewer: And does it cost a lot I mean, most people think health clubs are really expensive.Lama: Actually our rates are really quite competitive. Since we only started last July, we’ve kept them down to attract customers. It’s only ￡30 a year to join. Then -- thesame as half an hour on the sunbed. Sauna and Jacuzzi are both ￡for half an hour.Interviewer: And is the club doing wellLama: Well, so far, yes, it’s doing really well. I had no idea it was going to be such a success, actually. We’re both very pleased. The sunbed’s so popular, especially with the over 65s, that we’re gett ing another one in August. Interviewer: What kind of people join the clubLama: We have people of all ages here, from small children to old-age pensioner s, though of course the majority, about three-quarters of our members, are in their 20s and 30s.They come in their lunch hour, to use the gym, mostly, or after work, while the Youngsters come when school finishes, around half past three or four. The Jacuzzi’s very popular with the little ones.Interviewer: What about the old-age pensionersLoma: They’re us ually around in the mornings, when we offer them special reduced rates for the Jacuzzi or sauna, plus sunbed, it’s only ￡2, which is half price, actually. It doesn’t affect our profits really -- only about 5% of our members are retired.Exercise:Dialogue 2 SkiingSimon: This one shows the view from the top of the mountain. Sally: Oh, it’s lovely!Teresa: That’s me with the red bobble hat.Sally: Is itTeresa: Yet, it looks kind of silly, doesn’t itSally: Yes, it does rather.Teresa: Oh, don’t worry. I know it looks ridiculous. Simon: Look. That’s our instructor, Werner.Teresa: Yeah, we were in the beginners’ class.Sally: Well, everyone has to start somewhere.Simon: Ah, now, this is a good one.Sally: What on earth is thatSimon: Can’t you guessSally: Well, it looks like a pile of people. You know, sort of on top of each other.Teresa: It is!Sally: How did that happenSimon: Well, you see we were all pretty hopeless at first. Every day Werner used to take us to the nursery slope* to practise, and to get to the top you had to go up on a ski lift. Teresa: Which wasn’t really very easy.Simon: No, and if you fell off you’d start sliding down the slope, right into all the people coming up!Sally: Mmm.Simon: Well, on that day we were all going up on the ski lift,you know, we were just getting used to it, and, you see there was this one woman in our class who never got the hang of* it. She didn’t have any sort of control over her skis and whenever she started sliding, she would sort of stick her ski sticks out in front of her, you know, like swords or something.Teresa: I always tried to avoid her, but on that day I was right behind her on the ski lift* and just as she was getting to the top, she slipped and started sliding down the slope. Sally: Did sheSimon: Mmm, with her ski sticks waving around in front of her!Teresa: So of course everyone sort of let go and tried to jump off the ski lift to get out of the way.Simon: And that’s how they all ended up in a pile at the bottom of the slope -- it was lucky I had my camera with me. Sally: I bet that woman was popular!Simon: Oh, yes, everybody’s favourite!Exercise A:1. What are the speakers doingThey are looking at some pictures.2. What kind of class is mentioned in the conversationA ski class for beginners.3. How many of the speakers have been taking the class Two.Exercise B:Everyday the coach took them to a nursery slope. They got to the top on a ski lift. In their class there was one woman who could never learn how to ski. She couldn’t control her skis and whenever she started sliding, she would stick her ski sticks out in front of her. People always tried to avoid her.One day as she was getting to the top, she slipped and started sliding down the slope. Everyone let go and tried to jump off the ski lift to get out of the way and they all ended up in a pile at the bottom of the slope.Part 2 PassagesPassage 2 The Truth about the French!Skiing in France is heaven on Earth for a dedicated skier. There are resorts where you can access skiing terrain that is larger than all the ski resorts in Utah* and Colorado* combined.The larger resorts have an adequate number of restaurants and discos. It is a good idea to eat a good lunch because the mountain restaurants are normally much betterthan the restaurants in the ski stations.French resorts are mostly government owned and operated. The social system puts a high percentage of money back into the areas. This provides state-of-the-art* lifts, snow making and snow grooming. In general, an intermediate skier who can read a lift map will easily be able to ski all day avoiding lift lines and crowds, even during the busiest season.The French school systems have a staggered* two-week winter vacation period. When the snow is good, nearly all of France migrates to the mountains for this period. The break usually covers the last two weeks of February and the first week of March. The time to absolutely avoid is the “Paris school holiday week〞which will always be in the middle period of the vacation time but alternates starting the first or second week of the break.No one has a more undeserved* reputation about his or her character than the French. The French are not generally arrogant and rude. True, in large tourist centers there are unpleasant people and if you’re looking for or expecting rudeness, you may just provoke* it. Generally the French, especially in the countryside, are as kind as you wish andyou will find warmth and acceptance. The most fractious* Frenchman is easily disarmed by a little sincerity*.When greeting someone or saying good-bye, always shake hands. Don’t use a firm, pumping handshake, but a quick, slight pressure one. When you enter a room or a shop you should greet everyone there. If you meet a person you know very well use their first name and kiss both cheeks. Men don’t usually kiss unless they are relatives. Good topics of conversation include food, sports, hobbies and where you come from. Topics to avoid are prices, where items were bought, what someone does for a living, income and age. Questions about personal and family life are considered private. Expect to find the French well-informed about the history, culture and politics of other countries. To gain their respect, be prepared to show some knowledge of the history and politics of France.France is generally a very safe country to visit. Pickpockets, however, are not unheard of. In large cities particularly, take precautions against theft. Always secure your vehicles, leave nothing of value visible and don’t carry your wallet in your back pocket. Beware of begging children! Exercise A:When greeting someone or saying good-bye, always shake hands. Don’t use a firm, pumping handshake, but a quick, slight pressure one. When you enter a room or a shop you should greet everyone there, lf you meet a person you know very well use their first name and kiss both cheeks, men don’t usually kiss unless they are relatives.Exercise B:1.C2. A3. A4. B5. B6. C7. D8. DExercise C:1. Why is it heaven on Earth for a dedicated skier in France Because there are resorts where you can access skiing terrain that is larger than all the ski resorts in Utah and Colorado combined.2. Why is it a good place for an intermediate skierBecause an intermediate skier who can read a lift map will easily be able to ski all day avoiding lift lines and crowds, even during the busiest season.3. What does this staggered two-week winter vacation period coverThis staggered two-week winter vacation period usually covers the last two weeks of February and the first week ofMarch.4. What is the character of the FrenchThe French are not generally arrogant and rude. They are as kind as you wish.5. Which precautions will a visitor take against theft in large cities in FranceIn large cities in France, always secure your vehicles, leave nothing of value visible and don’t carry your wallet in your back pocket. Beware of begging children!Part 3 NewsNews Item 1France’s busiest airport will reopen part of a terminal that was not damaged when a segment of the roof collapsed in May, killing four people.The Transport Minister Gilles de Robien said a segment of the three-building 2E terminal at Charles de Gaulle airport would return to service on July 15. In the May 23 disaster, failing glass, steel and masonry* killed four travelers -- two Chinese, one Czech* and one Lebanese*. Three others were injured.A preliminary report by experts said Tuesday that a weakness in the concrete that formed the futuristicterminal’s vaulted roof may have contributed to the collapse.Officials are still unsure about what exactly caused it to collapse.Exercise A:This news item is about the new information Of France Charles de Gaulle airport where a segment of the roof collapsed in May.Exercise B:News Item 2An Antonov 26 plane crashed in northwestern Congo shortly after take-off on Saturday, killing all 22 Congolese passengers and the crew.It was not known how many crew members were on the plane when it crashed near the town of Boende, more than 600 km northeast of the capital Kinshasa. The cause of the crash was unknown.A string of accidents this week has underlined the parlous* state of Democratic Republic of Congo’s transport infrastructure* after five years of war and decades of misrule.More than 160 people drowned when a ferry sank during a storm on Lake Mai-Ndombe, north east of Kinshasa, on Tuesday.On Saturday, 18 people were killed or injured when a small truck experienced brake trouble and crashed near the eastern town of Goma.Exercise A:This news item is about a string of accidents this week inCongo.Exercise B: A String of Accidents This WeekNews Item 3In the United States lawyers for Raed Jarrar, an airline passenger forced to cover his T-shirt because it displayed an Arabic script, say he has been awarded almost a quarter of a million dollars in compensation.Lawyers representing Raed Jarrar say the payout is a victory for free speech and a blow to the practice of racial profiling. Back in 2006 Mr Jarrar was waiting to board a flight at New York's JFK airport wearing a T-shirt that read "We Will Not Be Silent" in English and Arabic.His lawyers claim he was ordered to remove the item of clothing by staff who said other passengers felt uncomfortable with the Arabic slogan. He eventually agreed to cover the shirt and boarded the plane, but says he was made to sit at the back.Exercise A: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the practice of racial profiling in the United States.Exercise B: Listen and fill in the blanks with what you hear.Raed Jarrar, an airline passenger, has recently been awarded a total of ＄240,000 in compensation.Back in 2006 Mr Jarrar was waiting to board a flight at New York’s JFK airport wearing a T-shirt that read “We Will Not Be Silent〞in English and Arabic. Later he was ordered to remove the printed words on his T-shirt by staff who said other passengers felt uncomfortable with the Arabicslogan. He eventually agreed to cover the shirt and boarded the plane, but says he was made to sit at the back.Lawyers representing Raed Jarrar say the payout is a victory for free speech and a blow to the practice of racial profiling.Section Three Oral WorkRetellingThere is a street called “The Strand〞in Galveston, where hundreds of thousands of tourists visit today. This street was Mama’s stomping* ground as a kid. Before Mama died, we took a streetcar around Galveston to see all the lovely, restored homes. What a great day. She knew more than the tour guide. As we sat enjoying the sights, Mama said, “Liz, do you know why my nose is a little crooked*〞(I thought, “Where did that come from〞) “No, Mama, you haven’t ever mentioned it,〞I replied.“Well,〞said mother, “one day I followed my brothers to The Strand, and a streetcar ran over me. I put myself flat down between the rails and pushed my face in the ground so hard, I broke my nose! It sure caused a lot of chaos*. People screamed, the police came, and I just crawled out, brushed myself off and went home. The only thing I ever noticeddifferent about me was a crooked nose.〞I just looked at her nose and looked at Mama in utter disbelief!Section Four Supplementary ExercisesPassage 1 Babies and IntelligenceSome people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.Research scientists at the National Institute of Child Health and Development note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregiver. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other humans. This ability to learn exists in a baby even before birth. They say newborn babies can recognize and understand sounds they heard while they were still developing inside their mothers.The Finnish researchers used devices to measures the babies’ brain activity. The researchers played recordings of spoken sounds for up to one hour while the babies slept.The head of the study believes that babies can learn while asleep because the part of their brains called the cerebral cortex* remains active at night. The cortex is very important for learning. This part of the brain is not active in adults while they sleep.Many experts say the first years of a child’s life are important for all later development. An American study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children. The study involved more than 1,200 mothers and children. Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. They observed the mothers playing with their children four times during this period.The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old.The children of depressed women did not do as well on tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly on tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people.Another study suggests that babies who are bigger at birth generally are more intelligent later in life. It found that the intelligence of a child at seven years of age is directly linked to his or her weight at birth. Study organizers say this is probably because heavier babies received more nutrition* during important periods of brain development before they were born.The study involved almost 3,500 children. Researchers in New York City used traditional tests to measure intelligence. Brothers and sisters were tested so that the effects of birth weight alone could be separated from the effects of diet or other considerations.The researchers found that children with higher birth weights generally did better on the intelligence tests. Also, the link between birth weight and intelligence later in life was stronger for boys than for girls.Exercise A:1. Some people thought babies were able to learn things when they were five or six months old.2. Doctors think babies begin learning things on their firstday of life.3. Babies communicate with other people by smiling.4. They can recognize and understand sounds they heard while they were still developing inside their mothers.5. Babies can learn while asleep.6. They are important for a child’s all later development. Exercise B:Study 1Study 2Exercise C:Your opinionDirections: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics,“Many experts say the first years of a child’s life areimportant for all later development.〞1. What should mothers do in the first year of a child’s life2. What might affect a child if his parents get divorced in his first year of lifePassage 2 FatigueFatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy.Fatigue is different from drowsiness. In general, drowsiness is feeling the need to sleep, while fatigue is a lack of energy and motivation. Drowsiness and apathy (a feeling of indifference or not caring about what happens) can be symptoms of fatigue.Fatigue can be a normal and important response to physical exertion, emotional stress, boredom, or lack of sleep. However, it can also be a nonspecific sign of a more serious psychological or, physical disorder. Fatigue that is not relieved by enough sleep, good nutrition, or a low-stress environment should be evaluated by your doctor. Because fatigue is a common complaint, sometimes a potentially serious cause may be overlooked.The pattern of fatigue may help your doctor determine its underlying cause. For example, if you wake up in themorning rested but rapidly develop fatigue with activity, you may have an ongoing physical condition like an underactive thyroid*. On the other hand, if you wake up with a low level of energy and have fatigue that lasts throughout the day, you may be depressed.Here are some tips for reducing fatigue:●Get adequate, regular, and consistent amounts ofsleep each night.●Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet and drink plenty ofwater throughout the day.●Exercise regularly.●Learn better ways to relax. Try yoga* or meditation*.●Maintain a reasonable work and personal schedule.●Change your stressful circumstances, if possible. Forexample, switch jobs, take a vacation, and dealdirectly with problems in a relationship.●Take a multivitamin. Talk to your doctor about whatyou need and what is best for you.●Avoid alcohol, nicotine*, and drag use.If you have chronic* pain or depression, treating either often helps address the fatigue. However, some antidepressant* medications may cause or worsen fatigue.Your medication may have to be adjusted to avoid this problem. Do not stop or change any medications without instruction from your doctor.Stimulants* (including caffeine) are not effective treatments for fatigue, and can actually make the problem worse when the drugs are discontinued. Sedatives* also tend to intensify fatigue in the long run.Exercise A: Pre-listening questionWhat is fatigue What’s the difference between fatigue and drowsinessFatigue is a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy. Fatigue is different from drowsiness. In general, drowsiness is feeling the need to sleep, while fatigue is a lack of energy and motivation. Drowsiness and apathy can be symptoms of fatigue.Exercise B:1. D2. A3. B4. D5. A6. B7. C8. CExercise C:1. When do people feel fatiguedFatigue is a normal and important response to physical exertion, emotional stress, boredom, or lack of sleep.2. What can also be symptoms of fatigueDrowsiness and apathy can be symptoms of fatigue.3. What can usually relieve fatigueEnough exercise, good nutrition, or low-stress environment can usually relieve fatigue.4. What treatment can also help deal with fatigue Treatment for chronic pain or depression often helps address fatigue.5. What is the side effect of some antidepressant medication They may cause or worsen fatigue.。

新编大学英语视听说教程4听力原文与答案.pdf

新编⼤学英语视听说教程4听⼒原⽂与答案.pdf视听说4 听⼒原⽂及答案Unit 1 Leisure activitiesPart 1 listening oneEver wish you could do magic tricks, or introduce yourself as “magician” at a party? Imagine, everybody wants to have fun, but nothings’ really happening, it’s time for you to show one of your ne w tricks. Here, you can learn how, and without any need for special materials or much practice.A trick with a coin, a handkerchief and a friend:Put the coin on your palm. Cover the coin with the handkerchief. Ask several people to put their hands beneath the handkerchief and feel the coin, to make sure that it is still there. Then take the corner of the handkerchief and pull it rapidly off your hand. The coin has gone! How? You must make sure the last friend who feels the coin knows the trick and removes the coin when he seems to be just feeling it. And nobody knows where it has gone!A trick with a piece of paper and a pencil:Tell your friend that you can communicate your thoughts without speaking to other people. Write on the piece of paper the word No. Don't let your friends see what you have written. Say, "Now I will communicate this word into your minds." Pretend to concentrate. Ask them if they know what is written on the paper. They will say, "No!" And you say, "Quite correct! I wrote No on the paper!"A trick with an egg and some salt:Ask your friends to stand the egg upright on the table. They won't manage to do it. Say that you can speak to the chicken inside. Say, "Chicken! Can you hear me? Get ready to balance your egg!"When you first get the egg back from your friends, pretend to kiss the egg at the base. Make the base wet. Then put the base into salt which is in your other hand. The salt will stick to the egg. Then put the egg on the table. Twist the egg around a few times as this will arrange the grains of salt. Then it will stand up. Don't forget to thank the chicken.Questions:1.What does the magician ask people to do in the first trick2.What happens to the coin?3.How does the magician prove that he can communicate histhoughts to the audience in the second trick?4.What is the first step to make the egg stand upright?5.What else is needed to make the egg stand upright?Keys: 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. DPart 1 listening two(The following is an interview from a weekly sports program.) Presenter: Good morning, listeners. Welcome to our weekly sports programaimed at all those underactive youngsters with time on their hands!Listen to what our two guests have to say about their hobbies andhow their hobbies have made a difference to their lives. Adriennefirst, then, Jonathan.Adrienne: I collect very interesting jewelry. I tend to travel a lot as most of my family do, so whenever I have a holiday, I like to go traveling.Whenever I travel somewhere, I like to pick up something to remindme of the place that I visited. And, the easiest thing to do is to pickup a small piece of jewelry instead of getting a poster or a T-shirtthat won’t last. I like the idea of having something small and also, Ifind whenever I wear jewelry from somew here, it’s a goodconversation piece. Usually people ask you, “Where did you getthis?” I then have a story to tell, and it’s a good way to meet and talkto people. It’s just interesting. I have jewelry that I picked up when Itraveled to Thailand, when I traveled to Africa and when I traveled toEurope.Presenter: Wow! Sounds nice. You’ll have to show your collections to us. Adrienne: I’d love to.Presenter: Thank you, Adrienne. Now Jonathan.Jonathan: I prefer canoeing because you've always got the water there for support. If you're a good swimmer, have a good sense of balanceand strong arms, you'll like canoeing! The main trouble istransporting your canoe to the right places—my father takes it onthe roof of the car—or sometimes I put it on the roof of the club’sLand Rover. What it has taught me most is to be independent. It'sjust you and the canoe against the wind, the weather and the water.It gives you a lot of self-confidence and it can be really exciting aslong as you don't mind getting soaked, of course! It makes you feelclose to nature somehow. Last year, when I was qualified, I began torun my own canoeing center.Presenter: So you are making your hobby work for you.Jonathan: People are usually very skilled at their hobbies. The combination of interest and skills is a very compelling reason to choose a particularcareer.Presenter: Then, Adrienne, do you have a similar plan?Adrienne: Yes, I love making beaded jewelry. I’ve decided to get some formal training. I want to learn how to be a jewelry designer. Questions:1. Who is the target audience in the program?2. What is Adrienne’s hobby?3. What does Adrienne usually buy when she visits a place?4. How does Jonathan benefit from canoeing?5. What should be the major concern in choosing a career according to Jonathan?Keys: 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. BPart 1 listening threeGerry: I've just been to see Gone with the Wind. It was fantastic. Well worth seeing. Have you ever seen it?Judy : No, but I've read the book. I don't think I would like to see the film really. It would spoil the story for me.Gerry: Really? Oh, give me a film any day. Honestly, if I had to choose between the film of a story and the book of it, I'd go for the film. Judy : Would you?Gerry: Yes. It's much more real. You can get the atmosphere better. You know, the photography and location shots, period costumes, theright accents. Don't you think so?Judy : Not really. I much prefer to use my own imagination. I can imagine how I want it, rather than how someone makes me see it. Anyway, I think you get much more insight into the characters when you read a book. Part of a person's character is lost on film because you never know what they are thinking.Gerry: True, but I don't know. It's much easier going to the cinema. It takes less time. I can get the whole story in two hours but it might take mea week to read the book.Judy : I know, but it's so expensive to go to the cinema nowadays.Gerry: I know, but it's a social event. It's fun. You can go with your friends.When you read a book you have to do it on your own.Judy : All right. Let's agree to differ. I'll get some coffee.Keys:1.1.s poil the story 1.2. and day1.3. Honestly choose the film1.4.Atmosphere photography location period1.5.insight into the characters 1.6. social event1.7. agree to differ2.Films: get the atmosphere better---photography/locationshots/period costumes/right accenteasiertake less time: two hoursan social event: fun, go with friendsBooks: take more time: one weeknot a social event: do it on your ownbooks: use readers’ own imaginationget much more insight into the charactersfilms: spoil the storyexpensivePart 1 listening fourSally Marino gets married. After the wedding, there is a big party—a wedding reception. All the guests eat dinner. There is a band and, after dinner, everyone dances. Sally's mother and father pay for everything. At the end of the reception, Sally andher new husband cut the wedding cake and all the guests get a piece.Pete and Rose buy a new house. After moving in, they invite their friends and family to a party—a housewarming party. Everybody comes to see the new house. They look at the bedrooms, the dining room, even the garage. Pete and Rose serve drinks, sandwiches, and snacks. The party is on a Saturday afternoon.It is Christmas time. Ted and Sarah Robinson want to see many of their friends over the holiday. So they invite their friends to an open house. The hours of the party are from 2 p.m. to 8 p.m. The guests arrive and leave whenever they want. The Robinsons serve sandwiches, drinks, and snacks. Some guests stay for just 20 minutes, others stay for 3 hours. About fifty people come to the open house.Mr. and Mrs. Todd ask their neighbors to come to an evening party. They don't serve much food, just snacks—pretzels, chips, peanuts and many types of drinks. No one dances. Conversation is important with people asking questions like "What's new with you?".Keys:1.√2 √32.4.d inner band dances piece2.5.house drinks snacks2.6.Invite arrive fifty/502.7.snacks Conversation new with youPart 4 Listening 1Receptionist: Good morning. Can I help you?Cathy: Er...a friend told me that you have exercise and dance classes here.Receptionist: That's right.Cathy: OK. Can you give me some information about days and times, please?Receptionist: Yes, there are four classes a day, every day from Monday to Saturday with nothing on Sunday.Cathy: Yeah, can you tell me the open hours?Receptionist: The first one is an aerobics class from 8:30 to 9:30 in the morning. Then there's another aerobics class at lunchtime from12:30 to 1:30.Cathy: Right.Receptionist: Then in the evening from 5:30 to 6:30—another aerobics class too. And there's a jazz dance class from 6:30 to 7:30. Cathy: Right. And what level are they for? I mean, would they be OK fora beginner?Receptionist: The morning aerobics—8:30 to 9:30—is advanced. All the others are at the beginner to intermediate level. But let me giveyou a schedule.Cathy: Thanks. And how much does it cost for a class? Receptionist: You pay a ￡1 entrance fee and then the classes are ￡2.50 each and ￡3.50 for the jazz dancing. It's there on the sheet. Cathy: Oh, yes, I see.Receptionist: If you become a member, entrance is free and...Cathy: Oh, no, it's OK. I'm only in London for two weeks. Receptionist: Oh, right. That's no good then.Cathy: And I guess you have showers and everything? Receptionist: Yes, sure, and in the evenings you can use the sauna free, too. Cathy: Oh, great. So the next class is at 5:30? Well, I'll see you then. Receptionist: Fine. See you later!Questions:1. Where does the dialog most likely take place?2. How many classes are there every day except Sunday?3. At what time does the last class end?4. How much is the entrance fee?5. Which class will Cathy most probably attend?6. What can we learn about Cathy from the conversation?Keys: 1. A 2.C 3.C 4. A 5. C 6. BListening 2Woman: Why don't we go abroad for a change? I'd like to go to France, Spain, or even Italy.Man: Mm. I'm not all that keen on traveling really. I'd rather stay at home. Woman: Oh, come on, Steve. Think of the sun! Man: Yes, but think of the cost! Going abroad is very expensive. Woman: Oh, it isn't, Steve. Not these days.Man: Of course it is, Juliet. The best thing about having a holiday here in Britain is that it's cheaper. And another thing, traveling in Britainwould be easier. No boats, planes or anything.Woman: Even so, we've been to most of the interesting places in Britain already. What's the point in seeing them again? Anyway, we cantravel round Britain whenever we like. There's no point in wastingour summer holiday here.Man: Mm, I suppose you're right. Nevertheless, what I can't stand is all the bother with foreign currency, changing money and all that when wego abroad. I hate all that. And it's so confusing.Woman: Oh, don't be silly, Steve.Man: And what's more, I can't speak any of the languages—you know that.It's all right for you. You can speak some foreign languages. Woman: Exactly. You see, what I'd really like to do is practice my French and Spanish. It would help me a lot at work.Man: Mm, but that's no use to me.Woman: But just think of the new places we'd see, the people we'd meet! Man: But look, if we stayed here, we wouldn't have to plan very much. Woman: I'm sorry, Steve. No. I don't fancy another cold English summer. Questions:1. Where does the man want to spend the summer holiday?2. According to Steve, what is considered important in planning vacation?3. What does Steve find confusing about traveling abroad?4. What will help Juliet in her work?5. What does Juliet think of summer in Britain?Keys:1. C2. B3. D4. C5. BListening 3The game of football may have started in Roman times. It seems that theRomans played a game very much like our modern rugby but with a round ball.English villagers played football in the 16th century and they often had almost a hundred players on each side. It was a very common game, which was very rough and even dangerous until the early part of the 19th century. In the 18th century a Frenchman who had watched a rough game of football in a village wrote, "I could not believe that those men were playing a game. If this is what Englishmen call playing, I would not like to see them fighting!"From the mid-19th century, it was played in schools in England and soon spread all over Britain and Europe. Until in 1850, it was not possible to have football matches between one school and another, because each school had different rules! So set rules had to be made. They were not improved though until, in 1863, when those who preferred to play with hands as well as feet formed the Rugby Union while the others started the Football Association (F.A.). It was only in 1863 that the first set of rules for all football clubs was agreed upon.Nearly 150 years later, football has become by far the most popular sport in the entire world. Would that 18th century Frenchman have believed it possible?Questions:1. According to the passage, when may the game of football have first started?2. How many team members were often involved in the game when the English began to play the game?3. What did the speaker say about the earliest football game in England?4. Why was it NOT possible to have football matches between two schools until 1850?5. What happened to football in 1863?Keys:1. D2. D3. A4. C5. CListening 4In one town, there were three longtime friends, Pat, Mike and Bob. Pat and Bob were quite bright, but Mike was rather dull.One day as Pat and Mike were walking down the sidewalk together, Pat put his hand on a solid brick wall and said, "Mike, hit my hand as hard as you can." Mike struck a hard blow, but Pat pulled his hand away from the wall just before Mike's fist hit it. Of course, it hurt Mike's hand very much when he hit the wall, but Pat said, "That was a good joke on you, wasn't it?" Mike agreed, but was not too happy.The following day Mike and Bob were walking in the town square. Mike decided to play the joke on Bob. He looked around, and seeing no solid object, he placed his hand over his face and said, "Bob, hit my hand as hardas you can." Bob agreed, and as he struck a hard blow with his fist, Mike quickly pulled his hand away and was knocked to the ground, unconscious. After a few minutes Mike recovered, and saw Bob worriedly looking down at him. Mike said, "That was a good joke on you, wasn't it?"Questions:1.Who was NOT clever?2.What did Pat ask Mike to do?3.Who was hurt finally?4.On whom was Mike going to try this joke?5.Where did Mike put his hand when he asked Bob to hit him?6.What happened to Mike after Bob struck a hard blow with his fist?Keys:1.1A2. C3. A4.B5. C6. B2.√2 √5Unit 3 Gender DifferencesPart 1 listening oneThree guys are out having a relaxing day fishing. Out of the blue, they catch a mermaid who begs to be set free in return for granting each of them a wish.Now one of the guys just doesn't believe it, and says, "OK, if you can really grant wishes, then double my IQ." The mermaid says, "Done." Suddenly, the guy starts to recite flawless Shakespeare followed by a short pause and an extremely insightful analysis of it. The second guy is so amazed that he says to the mermaid, "Hey, triple my IQ." The mermaid says, "Done." The guy begins pouring out all the mathematical solutions to problems that have puzzled scientists in all fields.The last guy is so impressed by the changes in his friends that he says to the mermaid, "Quintuple my IQ." The mermaid looks at him and says, "You know, I normally don't try to change people's minds when they make a wish, but I really wish you'd reconsider."The guy says, "No, I want you to increase my IQ five times, and if you don't do it, I won't set you free." "Please," says the mermaid, "you don't know what you're asking... It'll change your entire view of the universe. Won't you ask for something else? A million dollars or anything?"But no matter what the mermaid says, the guy insists on having his IQ increased by five times its usual power. So the mermaid sighs and says, "Done." And he becomes a woman.Keys: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T2.1. set free in return 2.2 extremely insightful analysis2.3 pouring out, puzzled, in all fields2.4 normally, change people’s minds, reconsider 2.5 usual powerPart 1 listening two(Dr. Herring, author of a book on language and communication, is being interviewed by Bob White, a writer for an academic journal on communication.)Bob White: Good morning, Dr. Herring! We both know that many communication specialists believe that gender bias exists in language, culture and society. Do you think this is really so? Dr. Herring: Yes, I certainly do. How we talk and listen can be strongly influenced by cultural expectations, and these begin duringchildhood. Children usually play together with other childrenof the same gender, and this is where our conversational styleis learned.Bob White: Can you give some specific examples?Dr. Herring: Certainly. We find that girls use language mainly to develop closeness or intimacy as a basis for friendship. Boys, on thecontrary, use language mainly to earn status in their group.Bob White: But, in communication through electronic devices like e-mail discussion groups, there should be no gender distinction ifwriters' names are not used in the messages.Dr. Herring: One might think so, but in fact, email writing style is more comparable with spoken language, so basic language stylesare still evident.Bob White: I thought e-mail messages were gender neutral!Dr. Herring: No. While theoretical gender equality exists for the Internet, in reality women are not given equal opportunity because ofdifferent communication and language styles between thesexes.Bob White: How does that happen? Do you have any hard facts to back up this impression?Dr. Herring: Yes. I've done a research project using randomly selected e-mail messages from online discussion groups. I found thatfemales use language that is more collaborative andsupportive such as "Thanks for all your tips on...", "Goodpoint." and "Hope this helps!". Men tend to use moreaggressive or competitive language such as "Do youunderstand that?", "You should realize that...", "It is absurd tothink...".Bob White: How great are these gender differences?Dr. Herring: Males write messages using aggressive, competitive language more than twice as often as females did, while females usecollaborative and supportive language three times as often asmales did. In this study, it is clear that there is a genderdifference in e-mail messages just as in other communicationmedia.Bob White: So the "battle of the sexes" is still with us, even online. Questions:1. According to Dr. Herring, when is children’s conversational style learned?2. Which of the following is most similar to e-mail writing in style?3. Why is there still no equality on the Internet?4. What comparison did Dr. Herring make in her speech?Keys: 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B2.1. language, culture, society, cultural expectations2.2 closeness intimacy, earn status2.3 collaborative supportive, aggressive competitivePart 1 listening threeJohn: Cathy, do you think it's appropriate for females to continuously expect guys to behave in a standard gentlemanly fashion like opening cardoors?Cathy: W ell, I think it would be nice if men could do such things.John: My side of the theory is that we all have to admit that we are living in the world of change. Right? Sometimes the equation changes if the driver is a girl and the passenger is a guy who doesn't drive. So what happens? Should the girl open the door for the guy or should the guy open the door for the girl? Maybe we should just adopt an "open your own door" policy.Cathy: Yes, I agree, John. But...sometimes it's just a matter of courtesy. It doesn't matter who opens the door for whom. Maybe females just should not expect too much. Life isn't a fairy tale after all.John: It's absolutely true. Sometimes I feel that there isn't any difference in the roles both genders can perform. Of course I'm not saying that men can give birth. Rather what I meant was except for the physical and natural differences between both sexes, there isn't much difference between them.Cathy: But honestly, although I don't expect guys to open doors for me, or to pull out a chair for me, I am usually quite impressed if they do so, asmany guys don't do it nowadays. If the guy was walking in front of meand went through the door first, I'd appreciate it if he could hold thedoor and not let it slam in my face.John: Well, if I'm the one walking in front, I will open the door and hold it for。

施心远主编《听力教程》4_(第2版)Unit_1答案

A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 答案Unit 1Part 1: Listening and Translation1. A college education can be very costly in the United States.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2. Rising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3. There are different federal loans and private loans for students.有各种个样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背着沉重的债务从大学毕业。

Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue Social Grouping1.A2. C3. D4. C5. B6. C7. B8. APart 2 Passage Community CollegesEx. B: Sentence Dictation1. Great challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition.2. During the same period, the country’s rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities.3. It offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of students activities.4. A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers.5. The breadth of programming and the var iety of students’ goals make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. The leaders of the US realized that a skilled workforce was needed in the country’s key economic sectors.F. National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country’s continued economic strength.)2. Three-quarters of high school graduates could not further their education because there were not enough higher education facilities available in the early 20th century.F. (Yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant colleg.)3. It was common for public high schools to add a teacher institute, manual learning division or citizenship school to the diploma program in the early 20th century.T. (During the same period,…public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning division or citizenship school to the dimploma program.)4. During the same time, small private colleges had formed an effective model of higher education based on the principles of small classes and close student-faculty relations.T. (Meanwhile, small, private colleges had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations...)5. The typical early community college rarely enrolled over 115 students.F. (The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students.)6. Community colleges were good places for women to get education needed to be primary school teachers.T. (in such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8 teachersto have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers.)7. Community colleges, which appeared a century ago, make it possible for anyone who wants to learn to get publicly funded higher education close to their homes.T. (More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn, regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience.)8. The success of community colleges can be defined as granting students associate degrees or certificates they need to find a job.F. (But success at community colleges must be broadly defined to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.)Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. How do community colleges benefit their students according to research?education pays.Students with associate degrees and certificates /more likely / higher-status management /professional positions with higher earnings investment / pay lifelong dividendsstudents who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of $250,000 ≥people without degrees.2. What do you think about higher education in China?Open.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about China's latest plans for its ambitious space program.Ex. B: Complete the following outline.China's second manned space mission1. Landing spot:In the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia.2. Significance:A source of national pride and international prestige.Future plan1. The next manned mission.1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk.2. Focus of further development:The capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft.3. Recruitment of astronauts:To recruit female astronauts in the near future.News Item 2Ex. A: Listen to the news and complete the summaryThis news item is about the growth of China’s economy.Ex. B: Fill in the blanks with the missing information.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property sector is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for thefirst time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.News Script•China's economy has recovered earlier and more strongly than any other. This latest data is further evidence of that trend. The rise in industrial output confirms what factory owners have been saying for some time now, that customers have been restocking their inventories and confidence is returning.•There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property sector is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.•Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport .News Item 3Ex. A: Listen and summarize the news itemThis news item is about China's large and growing trade with and aid to Africa.Ex. B: Listen again answer the following questions.1. How has the main football stadium been built in many African capitals?In many capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.2. How much does Sino-African trade--and aid--amount to?It is estimated that Sino-African trade--and aid--amounts to as high as 12 billion dollars a year.3. How is the relationship between China and Africa compared with that between Europe and Africa?The links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa.4. What did China promise on the meeting in Addis Ababa?China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into Chinafor African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.Section FourPart 1 Feature ReportA.1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. TB.1. It has been established for 11 years.2. It takes place every April.3. Because they glorify violence and foster unhealthy eating habits.4. They should have a wide variety of experiences, such as interactingwith other people, playing games, sports, music and reading.5. The Network is lobbying for better regulation of the use oftelevision in public spaces.Part 2 PassageScript:Paying the Price for Tuition IncreasesSomething has gone wrong at Wright State University.Just ask David A. Green, a native of Mineral Ridge, Ohio, who graduated from Wright State in June.The son and grandson of factory workers, he was exactly the type of student that Wright State had been established to serve -- and the type that it is having more and more trouble serving.Mr. Green says he could not have stayed in his hometown and found work because too many of the local factories have closed and "there are no jobs."He saw earning a degree in management-information systems as the key to making a decent living, and he had come to Wright State because it was more affordable than the other colleges that he considered.The problem for many Wright State students is that "affordable" is becoming a relative term in public higher education. As is generally the case in periods of economic stagnation, even the least-expensive public colleges have been hitting their students with one hefty tuition increase after another.Wright State still charges less than 9 of Ohio's 13 public universities, and its recent tuition increases are in line with those adopted by other public four-year colleges around the nation. But after several consecutive years of double-digit or near-double-digit tuition increases, it costs nearly 50 percent more for in-state undergraduates to enroll here than it did four years ago. Most will pay over $6,000 in tuition for the 2004-5 academic year, which gets under way this week.The easiest choices for policy makers in an economic downturn are often the ones that cause tuition to rise. Lawmakers would much rather reduce state spending than raise taxes to close budget gaps caused by a sour economy. And because public colleges have an alternative source of revenue -- tuition -- it is easier for lawmakers to cut spending on higher education than on most other public services. Meanwhile, many public colleges seem convinced that it is much better to raise tuition than to eliminate academic programs, trim salaries, or lay off employees.It takes visiting a fairly typical public college like Wright State to see that relying on such tuition increases to finance such institutions has real costs, extending well beyond the dollar figures that show up on students' tuition bills. In an interview here last spring, Mr. Green said he expected to graduate with $25,000 in college-related debt. He was working 30 hours a week on campus just to make ends meet, and his efforts to finance his college education were getting in the way of his efforts to learn. "I …Exercise B:1.David Green saw earning a degree in management-informationsystems as the key to making a decent living.2.The problem for many Wright State students is that "affordable" isbecoming a relative term in public higher education.3.After several consecutive years of double-digit or near-double-digittuition increases, it costs nearly 50 percent more for in-stateundergraduates to enroll here than it did four years ago.4.Most of the other students here seemed quietly resigned to coveringthe rising costs any way they could, often at the expense of theirstudies.5.Tuition increases jeopardize the "heart-and -soul mission" of WrightState, which is to provide people from modest backgrounds “a ticket up and out”.Exercise C:1.A2. D3. C4. D5. C6. A7. B8. DExercise D:1.The only thing that separated him from many other students was hiseagerness, as a member of the college’s student government, tospeak out against tuition increases and cuts in higher-educationspending. Most of the other students seemed quietly resigned to covering the rising costs any way they could, which generally meantworking long hours at low-paying jobs, often at the expense of their studies.2.Open.。

（完整版）国际交流英语视听说4第一单元听力原文及翻译（修正版）

1. Listening 1OK, everyone, what I want to do today is continue our discussion about cities and the challenges they face, and, I ’d like to focus on the city of Venice, in Italy, which is an extraordinary example. So, to begin with, let extraordinary example. So, to begin with, let’’s review a few of the points we s review a few of the points we’’ve discussed so far. Remember that, for centuries, the city has been struggling with the problem of flooding. As you know, the regular floodwaters As you know, the regular floodwaters——called the acqua alta called the acqua alta——are a big problem in the city. You may also recall （想起）that the government has started the innovative （创新的） MOSE project to build water barriers and stop flooding from the ocean. Now, flooding is an important issue, but many Venetians say that the city has more serious problems than the acqua alta or the MOSE project. And most of these problems have to do with tourism. Of course, tourism has both the positive and negative side course, tourism has both the positive and negative side——tourism is extremely profitable. But the problem in Venice is too many tourists.For example, in 2007 the number of Venetian residents was 60,000. And what do you think the number of visitors to Venice was in that year? Twenty-one million! Recently, on a single holiday weekend in May, 80,000 tourists visited the city. Public parking lots filled up and were closed. And tourists walked through the streets eating and drinking and leaving a lot of trash behind.The result is that Venice The result is that Venice’’s city services just can s city services just can’’t handle t handle（处理，应对（处理，应对（处理，应对) so many people. ) so many people. The city has to pay more and more money for garbage collection to clean up all of the trash. In addition, public transportation on the famous boats and gondolas(In addition, public transportation on the famous boats and gondolas(平底船平底船平底船) is so crowded ) is so crowded that Venetian residents that Venetian residents（居民）（居民）can barely find room to get on. Along with trash and crowded transportation, city residents also have to deal with higher prices for food and for housing. Food prices continue to rise around the city. Some caf és charge as much as 13 U.S. dollars for a soft drink! In the Rialto Market —an area with many shops and stores shops and stores——some of the grocery （食品，杂货）stores have been replaced by souvenir shops, which means that Venetians have fewer places to buy their groceries. In popular tourist areas, rent has almost tripled(areas, rent has almost tripled(三倍三倍三倍), and many small local businesses ), and many small local businesses ), and many small local businesses——for example, toy for example, toy（玩（玩具） stores and hardware stores and hardware（五金）（五金） stores stores——can can’’t afford to pay.Let me add that there is a serious housing problem in Venice. At one time, there were regulations regulations（规章）（规章） making it illegal to convert making it illegal to convert（改装）（改装）residential buildings into hotels. But a law in 1999 removed those regulations, and the housing problem got even worse. Since then, the number of hotels and guesthouses has increased by 600 percent, and the number of houses that are available for local residents has gone down.These days, housing is only affordable for the very rich or for people who already own houses because they houses because they’’ve been passed down by family. Young Venetians simply can ve been passed down by family. Young Venetians simply can’’t afford to buy any property buy any property（财产）（财产）in the city. This has forced a huge number of Venetian residents to move out of the city. Thirty years ago, the population of Venice was around 120,000. Now it it’’s less than 60,000.So, why does Venice continue to encourage tourism when it causes so many problems? Mainly it Mainly it’’s because tourism in Venice generates s because tourism in Venice generates（产生）（产生）more than two billion U.S. dollars a year in revenue year in revenue（税）—（税）—（税）—and many think that the amount is much higher. and many think that the amount is much higher.Also, there there’’s a lot of financial pressure on Venice. The cleaning of canals canals（水道）（水道）（水道）, , restoration restoration（恢复）（恢复）of old structures, and the MOSE project are all very expensive. Tourism brings in money to help the city solve these problems.Another point I want to make is that many people in Venice have jobs related to tourism. As more tourists come to the city, hotels, restaurants, and museums need to hire more workers. In fact, the city of Venice has a lower unemployment rate than the rest of Italy, and it it’’s likely a result of the tourism industry.Some people think that Venice is to blame for its own problems —that these problems are the result of greed for tourists are the result of greed for tourists’’ money. There There’’s a lot of talk about limiting tourists, taxing tourists, and even asking tourists to avoid the busy seasons of Easter and Carnival. However, as you can see, maximizing the number of tourists in Venice is also necessary. So, there seem to be no simple solutions to Venice to be no simple solutions to Venice’’s tourism problem.好,大家,我今天要做的就是继续讨论城市和他们面临的挑战,我想把重点放在意大利的威尼斯市,这是一个非常好的例子。

大学英语听说教程4听力原文Unit1

Unit1(BOOK4)Part B The Hospital WindowJack and Ben, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. Jack, whose bed was next to the room's only window, was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. But Ben had to spend all day and night flat on his bed. To kill time the two men began to talk. They talked for hours about their wives, families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, and where they had been on vacation. As days went by, a deep friendship began to develop between them.Every afternoon when Jack could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to Ben all the things he could see outside the window. And Ben began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amid flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees beautified the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance.As Jack described all this in exquisite detail, Ben would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scenes.One warm afternoon Jack described a parade passing by. Although Ben couldn't hear the band -- he could see it in his mind's eye as Jack portrayed it with descriptive words.Days and weeks passed. One morning the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of Jack, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.Ben was heart broken. Life without Jack was even more unbearable. How he longed to hear Jack's voice and his melodious descriptions of the outside world! As he looked at the window, an idea suddenly occurred to him. Perhaps he could see for himself what it was like outside. As soon as it seemed appropriate, Ben asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone.Slowly, painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself! He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall!'What could have compelled my roommate to describe such wonderful things outside this window?' Ben asked the nurse when she returned.'Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you to live on,' she said. 'You know, he was blind andcould not even see the wall.'Questions:1. What does the story mainly tell us?2. Which of the following adjectives can best describe Jack?3. What did Jack describe to Ben according to the story?Part CAdditional ListeningShort ConversationsConversation 1:M: How do you like your roommate, Debby?W: Ever since we met on the first day of college, we've been inseparable.Q: What do you know about Debby and her roommate?Conversation 2:M: Have you heard from Linda lately? You two were so intimate in college.W: Well, honestly, I haven't heard from her as much as I used to since she moved to the east coast two months ago. But I'm sure the friendship between us is as strong as it was before.Q: What can you infer from the woman’s response?Conversation 3:W: Do you keep in touch with your old friends back home now that you don't see them regularly?M: Frankly, after I moved to this city, I'm out of touch with most of them except a few close ones.Q: What does the man mean?Conversation 4:W: It's polite to call a friend before we visit, isn't it?M: You're right. People usually don't like surprise visits. But close friends often drop in on each other.Q: What does the man mean?Conversation 5:M: Cathy, it seems that you and Sally do almost everything together.W: That's true. You see, we were born on the same day. We both majored in fashion designing. And we even have the same love for using bright-colored material in our designs. Isn't it amazing!Q: What can we learn from the conversation?Part DThe Colors of FriendshipLegend has it that the colors of the world started to quarrel one day. All claimed that they were the best, the most beautiful.Green said: "Clearly I am the most important. I am the sign of life and of hope. I was chosen for grass, trees and leaves. Without me, all animals would die."Blue interrupted: "You only think about the earth, but have you ever considered the color of the sky and the sea?"Hearing this, Yellow chuckled: "You are all so serious. I bring laughter, gaiety and warmth into the world. I am the color of the sun, the moon and all the stars. Without me there would be no fun."Orange started next to blow her trumpet: "I am the color of health and strength. I may be scarce, but I am precious, for I serve the needs of human life."At this, Red could stand it no longer. He shouted: "I am the ruler of all of you. I am the color of blood -- life's blood! I am also the color of danger and bravery, of passion and love."Purple rose up to his full height: "I am the color of royalty and power. I am the sign of authority and wisdom. People do not question me! They listen and obey."Finally Indigo spoke: "Think of me. I am the color of silence. You hardly notice me, but without me you all become superficial. I represent thought and reflection."And so the colors went on boasting. Their quarrelling became louder and louder. Suddenly there was a startling flash of bright lightning, followed by a roll of thunder. Rain started to pour down. The colors crouched down in fear, drawing close to one another for comfort.Just then rain began to speak: "You foolish colors, fighting amongst yourselves, each trying to dominate the rest. Don't you know that you were each made for a special purpose, unique and different? Join hands with one another and come to me."Doing as they were told, the colors united and joined hands.Then rain continued: "From now on, when it rains, each of you will stretch across the sky to form a great bow of colors as a reminder that you can all live in peace. The rainbow is a sign of hope for tomorrow."And so, whenever a good rain washes the world, a rainbow appears in the sky, to let us remember to appreciate one another.。

21世纪大学英语视听说教程Book4unit1PartD听力原文

21世纪大学英语视听说教程Book 4 Unit 1 Part D 听力原文Section A1. W: Since when do you read the Sunday Times?M: Since I discovered its big help-wanted section.Q: What can we assume about the man?2. W: This coat I bought last week is too big for me. I’d like to exch ange it for a smaller one.M: Let me see. The smaller one is only 9.95, and this one is 12.Q: Approximately how much money does the shop assistant owe the woman?3. M: It would be nice if these last few days of the vacation were sunny and warm.W: But it’s not what they forecast, is it?Q: What does the woman imply about the weather?4. W: How is Susan’s lab experiment coming along?M: I’m not sure, why don’t we go and have a look?Q: What does the man mean?5. W: Y ou didn’t seem terribly enthusiastic a bout the football game.M: Y ou must be joking. If I had shouted any louder, I’d have lost my voice.Q: What did the man think of the football game?6. W: Teddy, how are you finding life on campus this year?M: Much the same as last.Q: What does Teddy mean?7. W: Y ou know, the Browns have invested all their money in stocks.M: They may think that’s a wise move, but that’s the last thing I’d do.Q: What’s the man’s opinion about the Browns investment?8. M: Hello, this is Mike Johnson at the bank. Is Peter there?W: Not yet, Mike. He phoned me from the office 5 minutes ago to say that he was stopping for a haircut on his way home.Q: Where does Peter plan to go on his way home?Conversation 1M: Did you watch the “Television Special” about the adhesive features of barnacles last night? W: No, I missed it. What did you learn about them?M: That they glue themselves to rocks in the ocean, shortly after birth. They also stay in the same place forever.W: Right. Have you ever tried removing one of those things? It would be easier to chip the rock away than to get the barnacle off.M: E xactly! And that’s why scientists are trying to figure out what the barnacle’s glue is made of.It’s consid ered one of the strongest adhesives in nature.W: And it would have the advantage of being able to work on wet surfaces, too.M: Precisely. And because it’s a natural protein, it probably wouldn’t be harmful to people like so many synthetic glues in use today.W: Think of all the ways doctors and dentists could use such glue. Mending broken bones, fastening false teeth.M: There could be countless uses. Scientists hope to learn soon exactly what the glue is made of so that people can make use of it.9. What is the main topic of the conversation?10. What did the man learn about the barnacles?11. According to the conversation, what are scientists trying to discover?Conversation 2M: Excuse me. Have you been waiting long?W: About ten minutes.M: Did you notice whether the No.7 bus has gone by?W: Not while I’ve been standing here. I’m waiting for the No.7 myself.M: Good. Hot day, isn’t it?W: Yes, it is. I wish that it would rain and cool off.M: Me too. This is unusual for March. I don’t remember it ev er being so hot and dry in March before.W: Y ou’re from Florida then.M: Not really. I was born in New Y ork, but I’ve lived here for ten years now.W: My mother and I have just moved here from Indiana.M: Pretty cold in Indiana, isn’t it?W: Y es. That’s wh y we moved. But we didn’t know that it would be so hot here in Florida. We should have gone to California. Do you think that we’ve missed the bus?M: No, it’s always a little late.W: I have twenty to one, but my watch is a little fast.M: Don’t worry. It never comes exactly on the half-hour like it should.12. What is the woman waiting for?13. According to the conversation, what kind of weather is usual for March?14. Where does this conversation take place?15. How often is the bus scheduled to pass their stop?Section BPassage 1As prices and building costs keep rising, the “do-it-yourself” (DIY) trend in the US continues to grow.“We needed furniture for our living room,” says John Ross, “and we just didn’t have enough money to buy it. So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs.” John got married six months ago, and like many young people these days, they are struggling to make a home at a timewhen the cost of living is very high. The Rosses took a two-week course for 280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoe making factory. Last month, he received a car repair bill for 420. “I was deeply upset about it. Now I’ve finished a car repair course, and I should be able to fix the car by myself.”John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the US are doing everything they can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living. If you want to become a “do-it-yourselfer”, you can go to DIY classes. And for those who don’t have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.16. Why did John Ross decide to build their furniture instead of buying it?17. According to Jim, who should be able to fix his car?18. For those who don’t have time to take a course, how can they learn to become “do-it-yourselfers”?Passage 2Most of us spend high school dissecting frogs and feeling awkward at the occasional dance, but a small group of students in Spain got to do something far cooler with their educational time: they sent a digital camera into space. A teacher and four students from IES La Bisbal School in Catalonia, Spain bought a 60 balloon and fixed an 80 digital camera to it, then sent it up into the sky to capture some high-altitude pictures.The team only wanted to see if they could get their homemade weather balloon to fly to 30,000 feet, which is the altitude that most commercial aircraft fly at. But the balloon just kept climbing until it was 20 miles above the Earth, at the very edge of space. Tracking the balloon’s progress using meteorological sensors and Google Earth, the team kept track of atmospheric conditions and snapped a handful of amazing pictures.The four students and their teacher completed the experiment in February 2009. The team built the electronic sensor components themselves, then placed them, along with the camera, into a protective housing before releasing the rig into the sky.The balloon rose to an altitude of over 100,000 feet before falling back to the ground. The team traveled over 10 km to find the balloon and equipment. They were amazed to find that the equipment was still emitting a signal, despite being exposed to some extremely harsh conditions.19. What did four students in Spain do with their educational time?20. What’s the altitude that most commercial aircraft fly at?21. When did the team complete the experiment?22. After traveling 10 km to find the balloon and equipment, what was the team amazed to find?Passage 3Despite controversy, direct-to-consumer genetic tests are becoming more popular. This kind of genetic tests is more like a do-it-yourself diagnosis. It is becoming almost as easy as taking a home pregnancy test. People can use their credit card to order a set of tools on the Internet, use a brush to remove a few cheek cells, return the tools and receive a report via e-mail. DTC tests cost from a few hundred to a few thousand US dollars, and are available for more than 800 conditionsranging from breast to cancer.The US population may be particularly ready for DTC testing because it has a do-it-yourself ethic and is accustomed to paying out of pocket for healthcare services. Companies that offer genetic tests are enthusiastic about the prospects of widespread DTC testing. They argue that genetic testing is no different from non-DNA tests. But not everyone is thrilled about the ease with which consumers can take genetic tests. Some people worried DTC genetic testing poses dangers to the public. Patients may experience psychological harm since they might not understand what the results mean to them.The lack of regulation in the Internet may also result in a fact that the Web gives you information that could be very misleading and potentially harmful to you. However, many people are comfortable with the lack of regulation as long as a doctor can help them. So what does the future hold for DTC genetic testing? We cannot expect widespread do-it-yourself screening for genetic disease in the years ahead. But we can predict a growth in DTC genetic testing for certain diseases and fully expect that this kind of technology is going to be with us.23. What do we know about direct-to-consumer genetic testing?24. What is one of the reasons that some people worry about the DTC genetic testing?25. How is the future of DTC genetic testing?Section C26. available27. unique28. Specializing in29. Operating30. options31. get involved with32. categories33. submit34. appropriately35. taken into consideration。

施心远听力4-unit1单词

BOOK 4 Unit 1Section one Tactics for ListeningListening and Translationfederal loan:联邦贷款private loan:私人贷款Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialoguesolitary 喜爱孤独的,有孤癖的termite 白蚁wasp黄蜂carnivore 肉食动物cheetah印度豹pride=a group (of lions) [狮子的] 群(一群狮子)cub (熊、狮子、狼等肉食动物的) 仔,幼兽ape 猿, 大猩猩, 黑猩猩orangutan 猩猩gorilla 大猩猩unimale只有一个雄性的harem [集合称]‘动物’共配一雄性动物的一群雌性动物chimpanzee 黑猩猩(非洲产)a small intelligent African APE (= an animal like a large monkey without a tail)chimp (非洲)黑猩猩multimalePart 2 Passageteacher institute 教师协会manual learning division=vocational education division职业教育学院diploma 毕业文凭extracurricular课外的 e.g.~ activities课外活动emerge形成，出现accessibility n.可接近,易接近,可接近性K-8 (Kindergarten through grade eight)initiate=start something or cause something to happenbreadth n.宽度quantify v. express or measure the quantity of定量，确定数量attainment到达,达成implicit (反义词)explicitassociate degree结业证书,准学位, 副学士学位(在某些美国大学中颁给修完二年课程的学生). An associate degree is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by community colleges, junior colleges, technical colleges, bachelor's degree-granting colleges, and universities upon completion of a course of study usually lasting two years. In the United States, and some areas of Canada, an associate degree is often equivalent to the first two years of a four-year college or university degree.除了是美国大学修满二年课程之肄业证书外，又被称为副学位。

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Unit 1Section One Tactics for ListeningListening and Translation1.A college education can be very costly in the United States.在美国，大学教育的费用会很贵。

2.R ising costs have led more and more families to borrow money to help pay for college.费用的上涨使越来越多的美国家庭通过借钱来支付上大学的费用。

3.T here are different federal loans and private loans for students.有各种各样的联邦贷款和私人贷款可供学生挑选。

4. Interest rates on some of these loans will go up on July 1st.在这些贷款品种中，有些品种的利率将从7月1日起上调。

5. There are growing concerns that many students graduate with too much debt.人们越来越担心，很多学生将背着沉重的债务从大学毕业。

Section two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue-Social GroupingInterviewer: Right. You're talking about social groupings here. Could you tell us something about theways animals form into groups?Nike Down: Yes. Er, many, many animals are very solitary* animals. The only times they gettogether is when they mate, or when they'rebringing up their young. The majority ofanimals are solitary, but a very significantgroup of mammals and insects, like ants andtermites*, bees and wasps, are very social andthey group together because in a group it'smuch safer. You can defend yourself more easilyif you're in a group, you can find males moreeasily if you're in a group, and you can changethe world around you by working with theothers if you live in a group. Solitary animalshave a much more difficult time in many ways. Interviewer: You mentioned lions and other carnivores* earlier on. Do they group very much?Nike Down: Yes. Most cats in fact don't group. Er, lions and, to a lesser extent, cheetahs* are the onlycats that group together. A group of lions iscalled a pride*, and you might get anything upto 15 or 20 lions in a pride. A pride of lionswould have perhaps two or three males,perhaps a dozen females, and then the cubs.But the real lion group consists of females withtheir cubs. The males tend to stay for a fewyears and then they get kicked out by a groupof younger males that come in and take over. Interviewer: And how about the apes?Nike Down: Ah, well, now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to. Apes — some apes— live in very, very big and complicated socialgroups. Not all. Orangutans*, for example, bigapes that live in Indonesia and Malaysia —they're very solitary and one adult may meetanother adult only once every two or threeyears, when a male and a female mate, and then,the only relationship will be between a motherand her baby. The baby will stay with themother for two or three years, four years, fiveyears even, learning from the mother, learningwhat sorts of foods to eat, what the signs of danger are, and then when the baby grows up, off it'll go, and live its own solitary life. The reason why orangutans are solitary is because there's not very much food in a forest and if there was a big group of orangutans, all the food would just run out. But, leaving Asia and going to Africa, then you find very social apes. Now, gorillas, for example. Gorillas live in unimale* groups. They used to be called harems*, but the technical term is unimale because there's one male within the group; one male, and then around him will be anything up to six, seven, eight, nine females, plus all the babies. And that one male in the group is the silverback gorilla, and he's much bigger and stronger than the others. He's got silvery fur on his back and the others won't challenge him and he'll lead the group slowly through the forest, settling down every night and moving on the next day, finding food. So that's a unimale group. But if you move a little bit further west into West Africa, you'll start to come across chimpanzees. Now they're a bit smaller thangorillas. They spend a lot of time in the trees, whereas gorillas are down on the ground. And chimpanzees are much more closely related to us than they are to gorillas. They're our closest living relatives. Now chimps* live in multimale groups; in other words, you'll get, oh, anything up to six, seven, eight males, then you'll get two or three times that number of females — a dozen, two dozen females —plus all the youngsters, so we're talking about groups that can be as big as 40 or 50 or even 60. Now a chimpanzee group —multimale group —is a very flexible type of group. It constantly splits into smaller groups. Off they go for a few days, back they come, reform, break up again. And within that group the males tend to hang around the outside, protecting the group, fighting off rival males that might want to come in and mate with the females, but they tend to come and go to some extent. The ongoing core of the chimpanzee group consists of females with their young and sometimes sisters will actually work together to bring up their young collectively. Yes, so apes are very, very socialanimals indeed.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.l.A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. APart 2 Passage Community CollegesGreat challenges faced the United States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition. National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's continued economic strength,a need that called for a dramatic increase in college attendance. Yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college.During the same period, the country's rapidly growing public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning (vocational education) division or citizenship school to the diploma program. The high school-based community college* was the most successful type of addition. Meanwhile, small, private colleges had fashioned an effective model ofhigher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations and a program that included both academics and extracurricular activities.From the combination of these traditions emerged the earliest community colleges, roughly balanced in number between private and public control but united in their commitment to meet local needs. The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students. It nevertheless offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities.A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers. In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8* teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers.Community colleges are centers of educational opportunity. More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated* a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn, regardlessof wealth, heritage or previous academic experience. Today, the community college continues the process of making higher education available to a maximum number of people at 1,166 public and independent community colleges.The breadth of programming and the variety of students' goals make it difficult to accurately quantify* community college performance. Unlike four-year colleges, where attainment of a bachelor's degree is the implicit* goal of students, community college students do not share a common goal beyond self-improvement.Research shows that education pays. Students who complete associate degrees* and certificates are more likely to move into higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. An investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely pay lifelong dividends*, as students who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of $250,000 more than people without degrees.But success at community colleges must be broadly defined to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionIn the United States the terms "college" and "university" can describe a variety of institutions. A college may form one major division of a university, offering programs in a specific academic field that lead to undergraduate or graduate degrees, or both. Colleges may also be independent of a university, offering four-year programs of general education that lead to a bachelor's degree in the liberal arts and sciences. Universities generally comprise various colleges and professional schools that make up the academic divisions of the institution. Universities provide higher education leading to a bachelor’s degree as well as professional and graduate programs leading to master's and doctoral degrees.Community colleges offer two-year programs of general education or vocational education.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.G reat challenges faced the Unites States in the early 20th century, including global economic competition.2. During the same period, the country's rapidly growingpublic high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities.3. It offered a program of solid academics as well as a variety of student activities.4. A distinctive feature of the institutions was their accessibility to women, attributable to the leading role the colleges played in preparing grammar school teachers.5. The breadth of programming and the variety of students' goals make it difficult to accurately quantify community college performance.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The leaders of the US realized that a skilled workforce was needed in the country's key economic sectors.(National and local leaders realized that a more skilled workforce was key to the country's continued economic strength.)F 2. Three-quarters of high school graduates could not further their education because there were not enoughhigher education facilities available in the early 20th century. (Yet three-quarters of high school graduates were choosing not to further their education, in part because they were reluctant to leave home for a distant college.)T 3. It was common for public high schools to add a teacher institute, manual learning division or citizenship school to the diploma program in the early 20th century. (During the same period ... public high schools were seeking new ways to serve their communities. It was common for them to add a teacher institute, manual learning division or citizenship school to the diploma program.)T 4. During the same time, small, private colleges had formed an effective model of higher education based on the principles of small classes and close student-faculty relations. (Meanwhile, small, private colleges had fashioned an effective model of higher education grounded on the principles of small classes, close student-faculty relations ...)F 5. The typical early community college rarely enrolled over 115 students. (The typical early community college was small, rarely enrolling more than 150 students.)T 6. Community colleges were good places for women to get education needed to be primary school teachers. (In such states as Missouri, which did not yet require K-8 teachers to have a bachelor's degree, it was common for more than 60 percent of community college students to be women, virtually all of them preparing to be teachers.)T 7. Community colleges, which appeared a century ago, make it possible for anyone who wants to learn to get publicly funded higher education close to their homes. (More than 100 years ago, this unique, American invention put publicly funded higher education at close-to-home facilities and initiated a practice of welcoming all who desire to learn, regardless of wealth, heritage or previous academic experience.)F 8. The success of community colleges can be defined as granting students associate degrees or certificates they need to find a job.(But success at community colleges must be broadly defined to include not just those who attain associate degrees and those who earn certificates, but also the millions who take noncredit and workforce training classes.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss thefollowing questions.1.R esearch shows that education pays. Students who complete associate degrees and certificates are more likely to move into higher-status management and professional positions with higher earnings. An investment of a few thousand dollars now will likely pay lifelong dividends, as students who earn associate degrees average lifetime earnings of $250,000 more than people without degrees.2.(open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1China's wasted no time in setting out the latest plans for its ambitious space program. A senior official said the next manned mission will be in 2007, when the astronauts will attempt a space walk. After that, scientists will focus on developing the capability to rendezvous* and dock* with other spacecraft. He added that China also wanted to recruit female astronauts in the near future.The announcement comes just hours after the country's second manned space mission touched down in the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia. The returningastronauts have been given a hero's welcome, riding in an open car in a nationally televised parade. Thousands of soldiers and groups of schoolchildren lined the route, waving Chinese flags. It's a sign of the great importance China attaches to its space program, viewing it as a source of national pride and international prestige. Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news and complete the summary. This news item is about China's ambitious space program. Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following outline.-China's second manned space mission1.l anding spot: In the remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia2.s ignificance: A source of national pride and international prestige- Future plan1. The next manned mission1) Time: 20072) Goal: The astronauts will attempt a space walk.2. Focus of further development: The capability to rendezvous and dock with other spacecraft3. Recruitment of astronauts: To recruit female astronautsin the near futureNews item 2China’s economy has recovered earlier and more strongly than any other. This latest data is further evidence of that trend. The rise in industrial output confirms what factory owners have been saying for some time now, that customers have been restocking their inventories and confidence is returning.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property sector is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.A: Directions: Listen to the news and complete thesummary.This news item is about the growth of China’s economy.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.There are still question marks though over the stability of the recovery. The property sector is showing signs of overheating. The government this week announced measures to try to cool it. At the same time officials decided to extend tax subsidies for purchases of small vehicles and appliances suggesting that some here still believe Chinese manufacturers need government support.Growth was strongest in heavy industries such as coal, steel, power generation and automobiles. Consumer prices rose in November for the first time since February. But the rise was small and probably reflected higher food prices caused by early snowstorms which destroyed crops and disrupted transport.News Item 3If you visit almost any marketplace in Africa, many of the consumer goods on sale — from buckets to razor blades to hurricane lamps — are likely to be Chinese. Ina very large number of African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.Sino-African trade —and aid —is large and growing. Some estimates put it as high as 12 billion dollars a year. Although direct comparisons are difficult, the links between the world's largest developing country —China, and the world's largest developing continent could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa. The meeting in Addis Ababa* has heard Chinese promises to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news and complete the summary. This news item is about China’s large and growing trade with and aid to Africa.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1.I n many African capitals, the main football stadium is likely to have been built with Chinese aid money.2.I t is estimated that Sino-African trade —and aid —amounts to as high as 12 billion dollars a year.3.T he links between China and Africa could grow to challenge the post-colonial links between Europe and Africa.4.O n the meeting in Addis Ababa, China promised to cancel debts, grant duty-free access into China for African products and increase Chinese investments in Africa.。

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