英汉语法术语对照表

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完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表

完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表

完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表English-XXXGrammar:语法Syntax:句法Morphology:词法Structure:结构Rank:层次Sentence:句子Clause:从句Phrase:词组Part of Speech:词类Word:单词XXX:实词Structural Word:虚词Simple Word:单纯词XXX:派生词Compound:复合词Noun:名词Proper Noun:专有名词Common Noun:普通名词Countable Noun:可数名词Uncountable Noun:不可数名词Abstract Noun:抽象名词Concrete Noun:具体名词Material Noun:物质名词Collective Noun:集体名词Individual Noun:个体名词n:介词n:连词XXX:动词Main XXX:主动词XXX:及物动词Intransitive XXX:不及物动词Link XXX:系动词Auxiliary XXX:助动词Modal XXX:情态动词Regular Verb:规则动词Irregular Verb:不规则动词Phrasal XXX:短语动词XXX:限定动词Infinite XXX:非限定动词Causative Verb:使役动词Verb of Senses:感官动词Event Verb:动态动词XXX:静态动词XXX:感叹词Adjective:形容词Adverb:副词Adverb of Manner:方式副词Adverb of Degree:程度副词Adverb of Time:时间副词Adverb of Place:地点副词Adjunct:修饰性副词Conjunct:连接性副词Interrogative Adverb:疑问副词Relative Adverb:关系副词Pronoun:代词Personal Pronoun:人称代词Possessive Pronoun:物主代词Reflexive Pronoun:反身代词Reciprocal Pronoun:相互代词Demonstrative Pronoun:指示代词Pronouns are words used in place of nouns。

语法术语-英汉对照表

语法术语-英汉对照表

语法术语-英汉对照表语法术语英汉对照表(总汇)Aabstract noun 抽象名词active voice 主动态adjective 形容词adjunct 修饰性状语,结合性附加语adverb 副词adverbial 状语adverbial clause of condition 条件状语分句adverbial clause of purpose 目的状语分句adverbial clause of cause 原因状语分句adverbial clause of result 结果状语分句affix 词缀agreement/concord 一致关系alternative question 选择疑问句anaphoric reference 后照应antecedent 先行项aspect 体assertive word 肯定词auxiliary verb/auxiliary 助动词Bbasic clause pattern 基本句型be- passive be-型被动态be- subjunctive be-型虚拟式bound morpheme 粘附词素broad reference 广阔照应Ccardinal numeral 基数词cataphoric reference 前照应central determiner 中位限定词classifier 类别词clausal ellipsis 分句性省略clausal substitution 分句性替代clause 分句,从句cleft sentence 分裂句climax 层进法closed-class word 封闭性词类collective noun 集体名词command 祈使句common gender 通性common noun 普通名词complement 补语complex clause 复杂分句complex object 复杂宾语complex sentence 复杂句compound complex sentence 并列复杂句compound sentence 并列句compound word 复合词coherence 连贯性cohesion 粘着性conditional 条件句conjunct 连接性状语,连接性附加语conjunction 连词content word 实义词contextual meaning 上下文意义coordination 并列coreference 共指关系coreference pro-form 指代词countable noun 可数名词count noun 计数名词Ddangling modifier 无依着修饰语deep structure 深层结构definite article 定冠词definite specific reference 确定特指demonstrative determiner 指示限定词demonstrative pronoun 指示代词demonstrative reference 指示照应dependent clause 附属分句derivative 派生词descriptive grammar 描写语法determiner 限定词direct object 直接宾语direct speech 直接引语discourse 篇章,语篇disjunct 评注性状语,分离性附加语double negation 双重否定downtoner 弱化词dynamic verb 动态动词Eearlier time 先时性-ed participle clause -ed分词分句ellipsis 省略emphasizer 强化词end focus 句尾焦点end weight 句尾重心exclamation 感叹句existential sentence 存在句explanatory conditional 解说性条件句external negation 外部否定Ffall 降调fall-rise 降升调feminine gender 阴性finite clause 限定分句finite verb 限定动词finite verb phrase 限定动词词组first person 第一人称focal element 焦点成分form 形free morpheme 自由词素fronting 前置full sentence 完全句functional word 功能词future in the past 过去将来时间Ggender 性general question 一般疑问句generic reference 类指genitive case 属格get-passive get- 型被动态given information 已知信息grammar 语法grammatical connector 语法纽带grammatical meaning 语法意义Hheadword 中心词hierarchical structure 层次结构hypothetical meaning 假设意义hypothetical past time 假设性过去时间hypothetical present time 假设性现在时间Iimaginary present time 想象性现在时间implicational conditional 引申性条件句implied conditional 含蓄条件句indefinite article 不定冠词indefinite personal pronoun 不定人称代词indefinite pronoun 不定代词indefinite specific reference 非确定特指independent clause 独立分句indirect object 间接宾语indirect speech 间接引语individual noun 个体名词infinitive clause 不定式分句inflection 屈折变化information focus 信息中心-ing participle clause -ing分词分句interjection 感叹词internal negation 内部否定interrogative pronoun 疑问代词intransitive verb 不及物动词inversion 倒装Kkernel sentence 核心句Llater time 后时性lexical connector 词汇纽带lexical meaning 词汇意义linear structure 线性结构linking verb 连系动词logical connector 逻辑纽带logical necessity 逻辑必然low-rise 低升调Mmain clause 主句main verb 主动词marginal modal auxiliary 边际情态助动词masculine gender 阳性mass noun 不可数名词material noun 物质名词meaning 义minor sentence 不完全句modal auxiliary 情态助动词modification 修饰morpheme 词素morpheme word 单词素词multi-word verb 多词动词Nnegative word 否定词neuter gender 中性new information 新信息nominal ellipsis 名词性省略nominal substitution 名词性替代non-assertive word 非肯定词non-finite clause 非限定分句non-finite verb phrase 非限定动词词组non-restrictive modifier 非限制性修饰语noun 名词noun genitive 名词属格noun modifier 名词修饰语noun phrase 名词词组nucleus 调心nucleur pattern 调心型Oobject 宾语object complement 宾语补语objective case 宾格obligation 义务of- genitive of-属格one-member sentence 单成分句open-class word 开放性词类operator 操作词ordinal numeral 序数词Pparagraph 段落parallel construction 平行结构passive voice 被动态past perfective 过去完成体past perfective progressive 过去完成进行体past progressive 过去进行体past tense 过去时perfective aspect 完成体permission 许可personal pronoun 人称代词personal reference 人称照应phonology 语音(语音学、音位学)phrasal-prepositional verb 词组介词动词phrasal verb 词组动词phrase 词组possessive determiner 物主限定词possessive pronoun 物主代词possibility 可能postdeterminer 后位限定词postmodifier 后置修饰语postponement 后置predeterminer 前位限定词predicate 谓语predicate verb 谓语动词predictability 预测prefix 前缀premodifier 前置修饰语preposition 介词prepositional verb 介词动词prescriptive grammar 规定语法present-future time 与现在时间有联系的将来时间present perfective 现在完成体present perfective progressive 现在完成进行体present progressive 现在进行体present tense 现在时primary auxiliary 基本助动词primary derivative 原始派生词pro-form 替代词progressive aspect 进行体pronoun 代词pronoun reference 代词照应proper noun 专有名词pseudo-cleft s entence“拟似”分裂句pure future time 单纯将来时间Qquestion 疑问句Rreal conditional 真实条件句real past time 真实性过去时间real present time 真实性现在时间reference 照应关系reflexive pronoun 反身代词relative adverb 关系副词relative clause 关系分句relative determiner 关系限定词relative pronoun 关系代词restrictive modifier 限制性修饰语rhetoric 修辞rhetorical question 修辞疑问句Ssame time 同时性second person 第二人称semantics 语义(语义学)semi-auxiliary 半助动词semi-negative word 半否定词sentence 句子sentence group 语段,句群sentence modifier 句子修饰语simple clause 简单分句simple past 一般过去时simple present 一般现在时simple sentence 简单句situational meaning 情景意义sound 音special question 特殊疑问句specific reference 特指split infinitive 分裂不定式squinting modifier 偏斜修饰语statement 陈述句stative verb 静态动词structural meaning 结构意义structural word 结构词style disjunct 方式评注性状语subject 主语subject complement 主语补语subjective case 主格subordinate clause 从句subordination 从属substitution 替代substitution pro-form 替代词suffix 后缀surface structure 表层结构Ttag question 附加疑问句tense 时tense system 时制third person 第三人称time 时间tone unit 语调组trailing sentence 拖沓句transferred epithet 转移修饰语transitive verb 及物动词Uuncountable noun 不可数名词unique reference 独指unity 统一性unreal conditional 非真实条件句Vverb 动词verb phrase 动词词组verbal ellipsis 动词性省略verbal substitution 动词性替代verbless clause 无动词分句volition 意志Wwere-subjunctive were-型虚拟式wh- question wh-问句whenever-type conditional whenever-型条件句word 词Xyes-no question 是非问句Yzero article 零冠词。

英汉语法术语对照表

英汉语法术语对照表

英语语法术语(中英对照)语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective原级positive比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词article定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition 句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person 第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时present perfect tense过去完成时past perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition 语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style结构structure层次rank正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英国英语British English美国英语American English。

语言学常用术语英汉对照表

语言学常用术语英汉对照表

语言学常用术语英汉对照表语言学常用术语英汉对照表Chapter 1 Introduction to Ling uistics语言学简介1、anthropological linguistics 人类语言学2、applied linguistics应用语言学3、arbitrariness任意性4、petence 语言能力5、putational linguistics计算机语言学6、cultural transmission 文化传递性7、descriptive(grammar) 描写(语法)8、descriptive function描写功能9、design features识别特征10、diachronic linguistics历时语言学11、duality二重性12、displacement不受时空限制得特征13、emotive function表情功能14、expressivefunction表达功能15、general linguisitcs 普通语言学16、ideational function概念功能17、interpersonal function人际功能18、langue语言19、linguistics [li?'gwistiks] 语言学20、morphology 形态学21、mathematical linguistics 数理语言学22、metalinguistic function23、neurologicallinguistics 神经语言学24、phonetics语音学25、phonology 音系学26、pragmatics 语用学27、prescriptive(grammar)规定(语法) 28、psycholinguistics心理语言学29、parole言语30、performance语言运用31、productivity能产性32、poetic function诗学功能33、phatic munion 交感性谈话34、referential function所指功能35、semantics语义学36、social function社会功能37、socio-linguistics 社会语言学38、synchroniclinguistics共时语言学39、syntax句法学40、textual function语篇功能41、Traditional Grammar传统语法Chapter 2 Phonology 音系学1、acousticphonetics声学语音学2、articulatory phonetics发音语音学3、affricate破擦音4、allophone音位变体5、alveolar齿龈音6、auditory phonetics听觉语音学7、aspiration送气8、assimilationrules同化现象9、back vowel后元音10、bilabial双唇音11、broad transcription宽式音标12、central vowel中元音13、close vowel闭元音14、plementarydistribution互补分布15、deletion rules省略规则16、dental齿音17、diphthong双元音18、fricative摩擦音19、front vowel前元音20、glide滑音21、glottal声门音22、hard palate硬腭23、InternationalPhonetics Alphabet国际音标24、intonation语调25、labiodental唇齿音26、liquid流音27、manner ofarticulation发音方式28、minimal pair 最小对立体29、minimalset最小对立组30、monophthong单元音31、narrow transcription严式音标32、nasal鼻音33、nasalcavity鼻腔34、open vowel开元音35、oral cavity口腔36、palatal硬腭37、pharyngealcavity咽腔38、place of articulation发音部位39、phone因素40、phoneme音素41、phonemic contrast音位对立42、rounded vowel元唇元音43、semi-close vowel半闭元音44、semi-openvowel半开元音45、sequential rules序列规则46、segment切分成分47、segmentation切分48、soft palate软腭49、stop塞音50、stress重音51、suprasegmentalfeatures超切分特征52、teeth ridge齿龈53、tone声调54、unrounded vowel非圆唇元音55、uvula小舌56、velar软腭音57、velum软腭58、voicing浊音化Chapter 3 Morphology 形态学1、affix词缀2、allomorph语素变体3、base词基4、bound morpheme黏着语素5、lexicon词汇6、closed classwords封闭词类7、pound words 合成词8、derivation派生;派生过程9、derivational morphem派生语素10、free morpheme自由语素11、inflectionalmorpheme屈折语素12、infinitive marker不定式标记13、morph形素14、morphological rules形态规则15、open classwords开放词类16、root词根17、stem词干Chapter 4Syntax 句法学1、auxiliary助动词2、category范畴3、plement补足语;补充成分4、plement clause补足分句5、coordinationrule并列规则6、coordinate structure并列结构7、deep structure深层结构8、determiner限定词9、head中心词10、head movement中心词移位11、insertion插入12、inversion倒装13、majorlexical categories主要词汇范畴14、matrix clause主句15、minor lexical categories次要词汇范畴16、phrase structure短语结构17、modifier修饰成分18、qualifier后置修饰成分19、specifier标志语20、subcategorization次范畴化21、surface structure表层结构22、syntactic category句法范畴23、trace语迹24、transformation转换Chapter5Semantics语义学1、antonymy反义现象2、argument谓元;变元3、behaviorism行为主义4、co-hyponym并列下义词5、collocationalsynonym搭配同义词6、plementaryantonym互补反义词7、pletehomonym完全同形异义词8、ponential analysis成分分析9、conceptualist view概念论10、contextualism语境主义11、contradition自相矛盾得说法12、dialectal synonym方言同义词13、emotive meaning情感意义14、entailment蕴含15、evaluative meaning评价意义16、gradable antonym层级反义词17、homograph同形异义词18、homonymy同音同形异义关系19、homophone同音异义词20、hyponym下义词21、hyponymy下义关系22、inconsistency自相矛盾23、polysemy多义关系24、polysymous word多义词25、presupposition预设26、predication analysis述谓分析27、predicate谓词28、namingtheory命名论29、no-place predicaiton空位述谓解耦股30、one-placepredication一位述谓结构31、reference(所指)语义32、referent所指物;所指对象33、relational opposite关系反义词34、semantic triangle语义三角35、sense意义36、stylistic synonym语体同义词37、superordinate上坐标词38、symbol符号39、synonym同义词40、synonymy同义关系41、two-place predicaiton二位述谓结构42、three-place predication三位述谓结构Chapter6 Pragmatics语用学1、missives承诺类2、CooperativePrinciple合作原则3、constatives述事话语4、context语境5、conventional implicature规约含义6、declarations宣告类7、directives指令类8、expressives表情类9、illocutionaryact言外功能10、illocutionary point言外之得11、implicature蕴含;含义;会话含义;言外之意12、indirectspeech act间接言语行为13、locutionary act言内行为14、maximofrelation关系准则15、maximof manner方式准则16、maxim of quality质准则17、maximofquantity量准则18、particularized conversational implicature特殊会话含义19、perfomatives行事话语20、perlocutionaryact言后行为21、presupposition前提22、primaryspeechact 主要言语行为23、representatives表述类24、secondary speechact次要言语行为25、sentence meaning句子意义26、speechacttheory言语行为理论27、utterance meaning话语意义Chapter 7 LanguageChange语言变化1、acronyms词首字母缩略词2、back-formation 逆成法3、blending混成法4、borrowing借词5、clipped words截略词6、coinage创新词7、functionalshift功能性变化8、historical linguistics历史语言学9、MiddleEnglish中世纪英语10、Modern English现代英语11、morphologicalchange形态变化12、negation rule否定规则13、Old English古英语14、phonological change音位变化15、semantic change语义变化16、semanticshift语义转移17、syntactic change句法变化Chapter 8 Languageand society语言与社会1、bilingualism双语制2、Black English黑人英语3、creole克里奥尔语4、diglossia双语;双言制5、ethnic dialect种族变体6、field of discourse语场7、gender性别8、idiolect个人变体9、mode ofdiscourse语式10、multilingualism多语制11、pidgin洋泾浜语12、regionaldialect地域方言13、register语域14、sociolect社会变体15、speechmunity言语社团16、speech variety言语变体17、tenor of discourse语旨Chapter 9Language andculture语言与社会1、acculturation 同化过程2、amalgamation混合3、assimilation同化(现象);同化(作用)4、connotativemeaning内涵意义5、colour words颜色词6、culturaloverlap文化重叠7、culturalimperialism文化帝国主义8、denotative meaning外延意义9、linguistic relativity语言相对性10、metaphor隐喻11、Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis萨丕尔——沃尔夫假说12、socialization社会化13、taboo禁忌语14、intercultural munication跨文化交际15、linguisticimperialism语言学中得帝国主义16、linguisticnationalism语言学中得民族主义Chapter 10 Language acquisition语言习得1、aphasia失语症2、behaviorist 行为主义者3、caretaker talk保姆式语言4、cognitivelinguistics认知语言学5、content word实词6、Critical PeriodHypothesis临界期假说7、dysgraphia书写困难8、dyslexia失读症9、feedback反馈10、function element起功能作用成分11、hearing impairment听力受损12、innatist语法天生主义者13、interactionist互动主义者14、LanguageAcquisition Device语言习得机制15、lexicalcontrast词汇对比16、mental retardation智障17、motherese保姆式语言18、over-extension过度扩展19、prototype theory原型理论20、recast修正性重复21、stuttering口吃22、telegraphic speech电报式言语23、under-extension扩展不足24、Universal Grammar普遍语法Chapter 11Second languageacquisition第二语言习得1、affect/social strategies社会策略2、ageofacquisition习得年龄3、cognitivestrategies认知策略4、prehensibleinput可理解性输入5、Constrastive Analysis对比分析6、cross-association互相联想7、Error Analysis错误分析8、foreign language外语9、foreigner talk外国人谈话10、fossilization语言石化(现象)11、Input Hypothesis输入假说12、instrumental motivation工具动机13、intake 纳入14、integrativemotivation综合动机15、interference干扰16、interlanguage中介语17、interlingual errors语际错误;受母语影响得错误18、Intralingual error语内错误19、intrinsic motivation内在动机20、intuition知觉;语感21、learnerlanguage学习者语言22、learning strategies学习策略23、language aptitude语言能力24、languagetransfer语言迁移25、metacognitive strategies元认知策略26、motivation动机27、modified input修改后得输入28、modified interaction变化性得互动29、negative transfer消极迁移;负迁移30、overgeneralization概括过头31、personality人格;性格;个性32、positive transfer积极迁移;正迁移33、resultativemotivation结果动机34、secondlanguage第二语言35、secondlanguage acquisition第二语言习得36、teacher talk教师谈话37、target language目标语Chapter 12Language and the brain 语言与大脑1、acquired dysgraphia习得性书写障碍2、acquired dyslexia习得性失读症3、angular gyrus隅骨4、autopsy studies尸检研究5、brain stem脑干6、Broca’s aphasia布罗卡失语症7、Broca’s area布罗卡区8、bottom-up processing自下而上处理过程cerebrum大脑9、central sulcus中央沟10、cerebellum小脑脑向背侧突出得一个较大得部分,尤与肌肉得共济运动与维持身体平衡有关11、cerebral hemisphere大脑半球12、cohort model交股模型13、putarized Axial Tomography计算机化轴向层面X射线摄影法14、corpus(语言)素材15、corpuscallosum胼胝体16、cortex大脑皮层17、deep dyslexia深层诵读困难18、Dichotic listening studies双耳分听实验19、event-related potential experiment20、eye movementexperiment眼动实验21、fissure裂缝;裂隙22、fluent aphasia流利性失语症23、frontal lobe额叶(大脑半球得前部,其下部位于颅前窝,后界中央沟24、Functional MRI功能磁共振成像25、garden path sentence花园路径句26、global aphasia整体性失语症27、gyrus回28、hierarchical structure层级结构29、late closure principle后封闭原则;晚封闭原则30、lateral fissure侧脑裂31、lateralization侧化32、lesion损害33、lexicaldecision词汇判断;词汇确定法34、lobes叶,身体器官得由表面得沟裂分出得部分35、longitudinalfissure纵裂36、MagneticResonance Imaging磁共振成像37、neuron神经细胞,神经元38、minimalattachment principle最低限度结合原则39、module模块;组块40、non-fluent aphasia失语症41、occipital lobe枕叶大脑半球得后叶,呈三面得锥形, 与前方得顶叶与下方得颞叶没有明显得界限42、parietal lobe顶叶Positron emission Tomogra phy正电子发射X射线层析照相术;计算机辅助正电子发射断层扫描技术43、phologicaldyslexia拼音性失读症44、priming启动45、priming effect启动效应46、priming experiment启动实验47、right earadvantage右耳优势;右耳听力强48、selectional restriction选择限制49、sentenceambiguity句子歧义50、“Sodium Amystal“Test阿米妥纳实验Spoone rism斯本内现象51、splitbrain studies裂脑研究52、sulcus沟53、surface dyslexia浅层诵读困难54、syntactic parser句法处理器55、temporallobe颞叶56、timed-reading experiment限时阅读实验57、top-down processing自上而下处理过程58、Wernicke’s aphasia韦尼克失语症。

英语语法术语中英对照

英语语法术语中英对照

英语语法术语中英对照1. 语法grammar2. 句法syntax3. 词法morphology4. 结构structure5. 层次rank6. 句子sentence7. 从句clause8. 词组phrase9. 词类part of speech10. 单词word11. 实词notional word12. 虚词structural word13. 名词noun14. 专有名词proper noun15. 普通名词common noun16. 可数名词countable noun17. 不可数名词uncountable noun18. 抽象名词abstract noun19. 具体名词concret noun20. 物质名词material noun21. 集体名词collective noun22. 个体名词individual noun23. 介词preposition24. 连词conjunction25. 动词verb26. 主动词main verb27. 及物动词transitive verb28. 不及物动词intransitive verb29. 系动词link verb30. 助动词auxiliary verb31. 情态动词modal verb32. 规则动词regular verb33. 不规则动词irregular verb34. 短语动词phrasal verb35. 限定动词finite verb36. 非限定动词infinite verb37. 使役动词causative verb38. 感官动词verb of senses39. 动态动词event verb40. 静态动词state verb41. 感叹词exclamation42. 形容词adjective43. 副词adverb 44. 方式副词adverb of manner45. 程度副词adverb of degree46. 时间副词adverb of time47. 地点副词adverb of place48. 修饰性副词adjunct49. 连接性副词conjunct50. 疑问副词interrogative adverb51. 关系副词relative adverb52. 代词pronoun53. 人称代词personal pronoun54. 物主代词possessive pronoun55. 反身代词reflexive pronoun56. 相互代词reciprocal pronoun57. 指示代词demonstrative pronoun58. 疑问代词interrogative pronoun59. 关系代词relative pronoun60. 不定代词indefinite pronoun61. 物主代词possessive pronoun62. 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun63. 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun64. 冠词article65. 定冠词definite article66. 不定冠词indefinite article67. 数词numeral68. 基数词cardinal numeral69. 序数词ordinal numeral70. 分数词fractional numeral71. 形式form72. 单数形式singular form73. 复数形式plural form74. 限定动词finite verb form75. 非限定动词non-finite verb form76. 原形base form77. 从句clause78. 从属句subordinate clause79. 并列句coordinate clause80. 名词从句nominal clause81. 定语从句attributive clause82. 状语从句adverbial clause83. 宾语从句object clause84. 主语从句subject clause85. 同位语从句appositive clause86. 时间状语从句adverbial clause of time87. 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place88. 方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner89. 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession90. 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause91. 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result92. 目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose93. 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition94. 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition95. 非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition96. 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition97. 错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition98. 句子sentence99. 简单句simple sentence100. 并列句compound sentence101. 复合句complex sentence102. 并列复合句compound complex sentence103. 陈述句declarative sentence104. 疑问句interrogative sentence105. 一般疑问句general question106. 特殊疑问句special question107. 选择疑问句alternative question 108. 附加疑问句tag question109. 反义疑问句disjunctive question 110. 修辞疑问句rhetorical question111. 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 112. 存在句existential sentence113. 肯定句positive sentence114. 否定句negative sentence115. 祈使句imperative sentence116. 省略句elliptical sentence117. 感叹句exclamatory sentence118. 基本句型basic sentence pattern119. 句子成分members of sentences120. 主语subject 121. 谓语predicate122. 宾语object123. 双宾语dual object124. 直接宾语direct object125. 间接宾语indirect object 126. 复合宾语complex object 127. 同源宾语cognate object 128. 补语complement129. 主补subject complement 130. 宾补object complement 131. 表语predicative132. 定语attribute33. 同位语appositive134. 状语adverbial135. 句法关系syntactic relationship 136. 并列coordinate137. 从属subordination138. 修饰modification139. 前置修饰pre-modification 140. 后置修饰post-modification 141. 限制restriction142. 双重限制double-restriction 143. 非限制non-restriction144. 数number145. 单数形式singular form 146. 复数形式plural form147. 规则形式regular form148. 不规则形式irregular form 149. 格case150. 普通格common case151. 所有格possessive case152. 主格nominative case153. 宾格objective case154. 性gender155. 阳性masculine156. 阴性feminine157. 通性common158. 中性neuter159. 人称person160. 第一人称first person161. 第二人称second person 162. 第三人称third person163. 时态tense164. 过去将来时past future tense165. 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense166. 过去将来完成时past future perfect tense167. 一般现在时present simple tense 168. 一般过去时past simple tense169. 一般将来时future simple tense170. 现在完成时past perfect tense171. 过去完成时present perfect tense 172. 将来完成时future perfect tense173. 现在进行时present continuous tense 174. 过去进行时past continuous tense 175. 将来进行时future continuous tense 176. 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense177. 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense178. 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense179. 语态voice180. 主动语态active voice181. 被动语态passive voice182. 语气mood 183. 陈述语气indicative mood184. 祈使语气imperative mood185. 虚拟语气subjunctive mood186. 否定negation187. 否定范围scope of negation188. 全部否定full negation189. 局部否partial negation190. 转移否定shift of negation191. 语序order192. 自然语序natural order193. 倒装语序inversion194. 全部倒装full inversion195. 部分倒装partial inversion196. 直接引语direct speech197. 间接引语indirect speech198. 自由直接引语free direct speech 199. 自由间接引语free indirect speech 200. 一致agreement201. 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 202. 语法一致grammatical agreement 203. 概念一致notional agreement204. 就近原则principle of proximity205. 强调emphasis206. 重复repetition207. 语音pronunciation 208. 语调tone209. 升调rising tone210. 降调falling tone211. 降升调falling-rising tone 212. 文体style213. 正式文体formal214. 非正式文体informal 215. 口语spoken/oral English 216. 套语formulistic expression 217. 英国英语British English 218. 美国英语American English 219. 用法usage220. 感情色彩emotional coloring 221. 褒义commendatory222. 贬义derogatory223. 幽默humorous224. 讽刺sarcastic225. 挖苦ironic226. 英语修辞手法:一、明喻(simile)二、隐喻(metaphor)三、提喻(synecdoche)四、拟人(personification)五、夸张(hyperbole)六、叠言(rhetorical repetition)七、借代(metonymy)八、双关语(pun)九、拟声(onomatopoeia)十、讽刺(irony)十一、通感(synesthesia)十二、头韵法(alliteration)。

(完整版)常用英语语法术语表_中英

(完整版)常用英语语法术语表_中英

常用英语语法术语表达语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concrete noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词dynamic verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词adverb of adjunct连接性副词 adverb of conjunct疑问副词 interrogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 simple present tense一般过去时 simple past tense一般将来时 simple future tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语 British English美国英语 American English用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic。

(完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表

(完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表

英语语法术语中英文对照表语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concret noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possesive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possecive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences 主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form 格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English美国英语 American English 用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic挖苦 ironic。

常用英语语法术语表_中英

常用英语语法术语表_中英

常用英语语法术语表达语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concrete noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词dynamic verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词adverb of adjunct连接性副词 adverb of conjunct疑问副词 interrogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 simple present tense一般过去时 simple past tense一般将来时 simple future tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语 British English美国英语 American English用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic。

英汉对比术语表

英汉对比术语表

英汉对比术语表综合语(用形态变化表达语法)Synthetic 分析语(用词序及虚词表达语法)Analytic形态变化形式hereditary inflections语调语言(英)intonation language声调语言(汉)tone language主谓一致S-V concord语法关系一致grammatical concord意义一致notional concord就近原则principle of proximity倒装inversion描写性词语连用:在英语多作定语,少作谓语heavy attribute, small predicate在汉语多作谓语,少作定语small attribute, heavy predicate句末焦点end focus句末重心end weight英语虚词form words结构词structural words功能词function words并列连词co-ordinators从属连词subordinators汉语虚词empty words助词particles实词notion/full words汉语:双音节化和四音节化predominance of disyllables and quadrisyllables over monosyllables and trisyllables关系网络connective-nexus 英语句式呈聚合型compactness句核kernel汉语句式呈流散型diffusiveness形合hypotaxis意合parataxis非逻辑表达方式illogical expressions汉语整句full sentence汉语零句minor sentence英语破句fragments形式接应formal cohesion意念连贯semantic coherence显性衔接overt cohesion链接手段和形式cohesive ties隐性连贯covert coherence严谨preciseness简洁concisenessEmbedded clauses包孕式的复合句complex sentences汉语复句composite sentences流水记事法chronicle style用流水句逐层叙述思维过程streamline the thoughts物称impersonal人称personal非人称主语inanimate subject有灵动词animate verb非人称被动式impersonal passive双重被动式double passive客观objective间接indirect婉转roundabout不提及行为者的被动式agentless passive公文文体bureaucratese科技文章technical writing报刊文章newspaperese无主句subjectless sentences主语省略句subject-omitted sentences祈使句或无形式标志的被动句passives with no grammatical marks被动passive主动active施事agent受事主语receptor subject含糊的人称主语vague pronoun subject信息性文本informative texts客观叙述impersonal activity seen objectively结构被动句syntactic passive意义被动句notional passive汉语“被字式”为不幸语态inflictive voice 通称generic person静态static动态dynamic名词化nominalization“名词优于动词”的倾向preponderance of nouns over verbs名词化表达法nominal style过分使用名词的习惯noun habit过分使用被动语态的习惯passive habit 堆砌名词noun pileups名词代替形容词noun adjectives削弱或淡化dilute弱化表达法debilitated style使叙述曲折迂回circumlocution弱式动词verbs of feeble phenomenality抽象abstract具体concrete大字眼pompous words行为抽象名词action-nouns范畴词category words具体化figuration间接indirect直接direct委婉euphemism官方英语officialese官僚英语bureaucratese五角大楼英语Pentagonese国务院英语State-Departmentese官腔英语gobbledygood地方市政府英语urbanbabble职业委婉语occupational euphemism含蓄implicitness转移否定transferred negation臆断assumptions含蓄虚拟句implied subjunctive反意问句disjunctive questions省略句ellipsis诅咒语swear-words讽刺语ironical idioms迂回periphrasis行话jargon替换substitutive重复reiterative替代substitution替代的形式pro-forms名词性替代nominal substitution 动词性替代verbal substitution分句性替代clausal substitution省略omission变换variation变相重复elegant variation上义词generic term下属词specific words上下义词hyponymy重叠reduplication重复repetition对照antithesis排比parallelism第三人称单数third person singular。

常用英语语法术语表 中英

常用英语语法术语表 中英

常用英语语法术语表达语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concret noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possesive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possecive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question 存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern 否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences 主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语 British English美国英语 American English用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic。

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表

语言学术语(英-汉对照)表Glossary and Index Aabbreviation 缩写词,略语 3.3.1Abercrombie 10.3.2ablative 夺格,离格 4.1.1abstractness 抽象性 1.3.2accent 重音(符)2.4.4;2.4.5accuracy 正确性 11.6.4accusative 宾格 4.1.1achievement test 成绩测试 11.6.3acoustic phonetics 声学语音学 1.7.1;2.1 acquisition 习得 6.1.2acronym 缩略语 3.3.1action process 动作过程 12.2.3actor 动作者 4.4.2;12.2.3addition 添加 3.3.2address form 称呼形式 7.2.3addressee 受话人 1.4;9.4.1addresser 发话人 1.4;9.4.1adjective 形容词 3.1.2;4.1.1;5.5.2adjunct 修饰成分;附加语 12.2.3adverb 副词 3.1.2affix 词缀 3.2.1affix hopping 词缀跳跃 4.3.1affixation词缀附加法 7.1.4affricate 塞擦音 2.4.3;2.4.5;2.9.1 agreement 一致关系 4.1.3airstream 气流 2alliteration 头韵 9.3.2;9.3.6allomorph 词/语素变体 3.2.4;4.3.1allophone 音位变体 2.8allophonic variation 音位变体 2.8.3allophony音位变体现象 2.8.3alveolar ridge 齿龈 2.2alveolar 齿龈音 2.4.4;2.4.5ambiguity 歧义 4.2.2;4.3.1;6.2.3;8.2.2;8.3.2 ambiguous歧义的 5.5.2;6.3American descriptive linguistics 美国描写语言学 12.3 American English 美式英语 10.3.5American Indian languages 美国印第安族诸语言 12.3 American structuralism 美国结构主义10.3.2;12.3 analogical creation 类推造字 3.3.1anapest 抑抑扬格 9.3.3anaphor 前指替代 4.3.3anaphoric reference 前指照应 4.3.2Anderson 6.3.1Animal communication system 动物交际系统 1.2;1.3 animate 有生命的 4.2.1annotation 注解 10.3.4;10.3.5antecedent 先行词;前在词 4.3.2anthropological 人类学的 12.3.1anthropological linguistics 人类语言学 1.8.3;7.1.1 anticipatory coarticulation 逆化协同发音 2.6.1 antonomasia 换称;代类名 7.1.4antonym 反义词 5.4antonymy 反义(关系) 5.3.2appellative 称谓性4.4.2applied linguistics 应用语言学11applied sociolinguistics 应用社会语言学7.2.4 appropriacy 适宜性11.6.4appropriateness 适宜性;得体性11.2.5approximant 无摩擦延续音2.4.3;2.4.5Apte 7;7.2.1aptitude test 素质测试11.6.2Arabic 阿拉伯语3.3.1;4.4.1arbitrariness 任意性1.3.1;12argument 中项;中词;主目4.3.3;5.5.2article 冠词3.1.2;4.1.1;4.2.1articulation 发音2.6articulator 发音器官2.4.2;2.4.3articulatory phonetics 发音语音学1.7.1;2.1 artificial speech 人工言语10aspect 体4.1.2aspirated 吐气;送气2.6.2;2.8.2assimilation 同化2.9.1;3.2.4;3.3.2;6.2.4associative 联想 4.2.1associative meaning 联想意义 5.3assonance 准压韵;半谐音9.3.2;9.3.6Atkinson, A.M. 2.1attributive 属性;修饰语;定语 4.2.2;12.2.3 auditory phonetics 听觉语音学 1.7.1;2.1Austin, John Langshaw 8.1;8.1.2authentic input 真实投入 11.4.2authorial style 权威风格 9.4.3authoring program 编程 10.1.3autonomy 自主性 1.8auxiliary 助词 3.1.2;12.4.3auxiliary verb 助动词 3.1.2;12.2.3Bbabbling stage 婴儿语阶段 12.4.1back-formation 逆构词法 3.3.1Bally, Charles 9.1Bar-Hillel 10.2.1Barnhart & Barnhart 7.1.4base component 基础部分 4.3.2;12.4。

英语语法术语汇总 中英对照

英语语法术语汇总 中英对照

英语语法术语汇总中英对照英语语法术语汇总中英对照1. Noun 名词2. Pronoun 代词3. Verb 动词4. Adverb 副词5. Adjective 形容词6. Preposition 介词7. Conjunction 连词8. Interjection 感叹词9. Subject 主语10. Predicate 谓语11. Object 宾语12. Direct object 直接宾语13. Indirect object 间接宾语14. Subject complement 主语补语15. Object complement 宾语补语16. Complement 补语17. Phrase 短语18. Clause 从句19. Independent clause 独立从句20. Dependent clause 依从从句21. Simple sentence 简单句22. Compound sentence 复合句23. Complex sentence 复杂句24. Compound-complex sentence 复合复杂句25. Active voice 主动语态26. Passive voice 被动语态27. Present tense 现在时28. Past tense 过去时29. Future tense 将来时30. Present perfect tense 现在完成时31. Past perfect tense 过去完成时32. Future perfect tense 将来完成时33. Simple present tense 简单现在时34. Simple past tense 简单过去时35. Simple future tense 简单将来时36. Present progressive tense 现在进行时37. Past progressive tense 过去进行时38. Future progressive tense 将来进行时39. Present perfect progressive tense 现在完成进行时40. Past perfect progressive tense 过去完成进行时41. Future perfect progressive tense 将来完成进行时42. Conditional sentence 条件句43. Zero conditional sentence 零条件句44. First conditional sentence 一般条件句45. Second conditional sentence 虚拟条件句46. Third conditional sentence 过去虚拟条件句47. Imperative mood 祈使语气48. Subjunctive mood 虚拟语气49. Infinitive 不定式50. Gerund 动名词51. Participle 分词52. Present participle 现在分词53. Past participle 过去分词54. Relative clause 关系从句55. Defining relative clause 定语从句56. Non-defining relative clause 非限制性定语从句57. Compound relative pronoun 复合关系代词58. Indefinite pronoun 不定代词59. Reflexive pronoun 反身代词60. Demonstrative pronoun 指示代词61. Interrogative pronoun 疑问代词62. Relative pronoun 关系代词63. Possessive pronoun 物主代词64. Indefinite article 不定冠词65. Definite article 定冠词。

常用英语语法术语英汉对照表

常用英语语法术语英汉对照表

常用英语语法术语英汉对照表一.名词noun 代词pronoun 动词verb 形容词adjective 副词adverb 介词preposition 冠词article 数词numeral量词measure word 连词conjunction 叹词interjection 二.可数名词countable nouns 不可数名词uncountable nouns 单数形式the singular form 复数形式the plural form人称代词personal pronouns 物主代词possessive pronouns定冠词the definite article不定冠词the indefinite article 疑问代词interrogative pronouns三.主格the subjective case宾格the objective case 所有格the possessive case助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verbs时态tense语态voice 四.主语subject 谓语predicate宾语object表语predicative定语attribute五.一般现在时the present tense 一般将来时the future tense 现在进行时the present progressive 一般过去时the past tense 现在分词the present participle 过去分词the past participle 六.标点符号punctuation 逗号comma 句号period 问号question mark 叹号exclamation mark七.陈述句declarative sentences 疑问句interrogative sentences 一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句special questions。

英语语法术语中英文对照

英语语法术语中英文对照

英语语法术语(中英文对照)1、 词性 part of speech1. 名词 noun1) 专有名词 proper noun2) 普通名词 common noun3) 可数名词 countable noun4) 不可数名词 uncountable noun5) 抽象名词 abstract noun6) 具体名词 concrete noun7) 物质名词 material noun8) 集体名词 collective noun9) 个体名词 individual noun2. 动词 verb1) 及物动词 transitive verb (Vt)2) 不及物动词 intransitive verb (Vi)3) 系动词 link verb4) 助动词 auxiliary verb5) 情态动词 modal verb6) 规则动词 regular verb7) 不规则动词 irregular verb8) 短语动词 phrasal verb9) 限定动词 finite verb10) 非限定动词 infinite verb11) 使役动词 causative verb12) 感官动词 verb of senses3. 形容词 adjective4. 副词 adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词 adjunct6)连接性副词 conjunct7)疑问副词 interrogative adverb8)关系副词 relative adverb5. 代词 pronoun1)人称代词 personal pronoun2)物主代词 possessive pronouni. 名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronounii. 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 3)反身代词 reflexive pronoun4)指示代词 demonstrative pronoun5)疑问代词 interrogative pronoun6)关系代词 relative pronoun7)不定代词 indefinite pronoun6. 冠词 article1)定冠词 definite article2)不定冠词 indefinite article7. 数词 numeral1)基数词 cardinal numeral2)序数词 ordinal numeral8. 介词 preposition9. 连词 conjunction10. 感叹词 exclamation2、 数/格/性 number/case/gender1. 数number1)单数形式 singular form2)复数形式 plural form3)规则形式 regular form4)不规则形式 irregular form2. 格case1)普通格 common case2)所有格 possessive case3)主格 nominative case4)宾格 objective case3、 句子成分 members of sentences1. 主语 subject2. 谓语 predicate3. 表语 predicative4. 宾语 object1)双宾语 dual object2)直接宾语 direct object3)间接宾语 indirect object5. 定语 attribute6. 状语 adverbial7. 同位语 appositive8. 补语 complement1)主补(主语补语) subject complement2)宾补(宾语补语) object complement4、 句子sentence1. 简单句 simple sentence2. 复合句 complex sentence3. 并列句 compound sentence4. 陈述句 declarative sentence5. 存在句 existential sentence6. 疑问句 interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句 general question2)特殊疑问句 special question3)选择疑问句 alternative question4)反义疑问句 disjunctive question7. 肯定句 positive sentence8. 否定句 negative sentence9. 祈使句 imperative sentence10. 省略句 elliptical sentence11. 感叹句 exclamatory sentence5、 语气/语态/语序/一致mood/voice/order/agreement 1. 语气mood1)陈述语气 indicative mood2)祈使语气 imperative mood3)虚拟语气 subjunctive mood2. 语态voice1)主动语态 active voice2)被动语态 passive voice3. 语序 order1)自然语序 natural order2)倒装语序inversioni. 全部倒装 full inversionii. 部分倒装 partial inversion3)直接引语 direct speech4)间接引语 indirect speech4. 一致agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity6、 从句clause1. 名词性从句 nominal clause1) 主语从句subject clause2)表语从句 predicative clause3)宾语从句 object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause2. 定语从句 attributive clause3. 状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner4)让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession5)原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose8)条件状语从句 adverbial clause of conditioni. 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real conditionii. 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unrealcondition9)比较状语从句 adverbial clause of comparison4. 独立主格结构Nominative Absolute Construction7、 时态 tense1. 现在时present tense1)一般现在时 present simple tense2)现在进行时 present continuous tense3)现在完成时 present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense2. 过去时 past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时 past continuous tense3)过去完成时 past perfect tense4)过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense3. 将来时future tense1)一般将来时 future simple tense2)将来进行时 future continuous tense3)将来完成时 future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时 future perfect continuous tense4. 其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense3)过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfect continuous tense。

英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)

英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)

英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词cau sat ive verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective原级positive比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of de gre e时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine 通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时present perfect tense过去完成时past perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致a gre ement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style结构structure层次rank正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英国英语British English美国英语American English{"ContentID":1。

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conditional clause条件从句:
通常是由,if’引导的从句,它是主句所述事件所依赖的条件,如‘If it rains,we’ll go to the cinema…’和‘They would be rich if they had taken my advice’。
conjunction连词:
没有规则动词具有的各种屈折变化形式的动词,如所有情态动词均属此类。
defining non-finite clause限制性非限定小句:
指位于名词词组之后的指明所谈及的人或物的分词分句,例如‘The girlwearing the red hat’。
defining relative clause限制性关系从句:
表示某事持续长短的副词,如‘brieny’。
adverb of frequency频度副词:
表示某事发生的经常性程度的副词·如often,。
adverb of manner方式副词:
表示某事发生的方式或做某事的方式的副词,如‘carefully’。
adverb of place地点副词:
指描述位置或方向的副词,例如‘Move
common noun普通名词:
指人和物集合体的名词,如‘committee’和' computer’和‘glass '。比较proper noun专有名词。
comparative比较级:
词的末尾加。一er,或前面加‘more,的形容词或副词,如·friendlier’、‘more important " ' more carefully '。
auxiliary verb助动词:
动词‘be,、·have,和‘do,与主要动词连用,构成时态、否定句、疑问句等时叫助动及的事。词。助动词又作auxili脚。Modals情态动词也是助动词。
bare in石nitive不带‘to’的不定式:
无‘to,的动词不定式,如‘Let me think’。
base form原形:
coordinating conjunction并列连词:
连接具有相同语法类型的两个分句、词组或单词的词,如‘and,、。but,和‘or,。
oordination并列:
指具有相同语法类型的一组词的连接或具有同等重要性的分句的连接。
copula系词:
有时用于指称动词‘be,。本书用术语Iinkverb系动词。
cardinal number基数词:
用来计数的数词,例如‘one’、‘seven " ' nineteen,。
case格:
名词或代词需要用不同的形式表示其在句子里作主语、宾语或是否具有领属关系,·如‘I / me,、‘Jim/jim , s '。
classifying ad」ective类别形容词:
cohesion粘合:
讲话或写文章时把前后讲的内容加以联系,如返指已经提及的事,或预指将要提及的事。
collective noun集体名词:
指人和物集合体的名词,如‘committee’和' team,。
colour adjective颜色形容词:
指称颜色的形容词,如‘red,、‘blue’和' scarlet,。
用于描述事物的词,涉及事物的外貌,颜色、大小等属性,如‘⋯a pretty bluedress’。
adjunct附加状语:
附加于分句的词或词组,说明时间、地点或方式。另见sentence adiunct句子附加状语与linking adjunct连结性附加状语。
adverb副词:
描述某事何时、何地、如何,或在什么情形下发生的词,如‘quicly’、‘now’·副词分为程度、方式、地点、时间、持续、频度几类。Focusing adverbs焦点副词也是一种。
指明某物类别的形容词,如‘Indian ’、wooden’、‘mental'。它们没有比较级和最高级。比较qualitative adjective属性形容词。
clause分句:
包含动词的一组词。又见main dause主句与subordinate clause从句。
clause of manner方式分句:
active voice主动语态:
指的是‘gives’、‘has made’等动词词组形式,它们的主语是做这个动作的人或物,或对这个动作负责的人或物。比较passive Voice被动语态。
adjectival clause形容词分句:
又称relative clause关系从句。
adiective形容词:
指动词‘be’的不同形式加现在分词构成的时态,如‘she was laughing⋯’和‘They had
been playing badminton’。又作progressive tense。
contraction缩约式:
’是助动词与‘not’、主语与助动词联结起来起词作用的缩写形式,例如‘aren ' t ' 'she’s ,。
连接两个分句、词组或单词的词。连词分为coordinating conjunction并列连词和subordinating conjunction从属连词两种,前者连接句子中具有相同语法类型的成份,如‘and,、‘but’和‘or’。后者引导从句,如‘although’和‘when "。
continuous tense进行时:
明所谈及的人或物的关系从句,如·‘I wrote down everythingthat she said’。’
definite article定冠词:
限定词‘the,。
delexical verb乏词义动词:
指本身词义空乏的动词,但在结构中与表示该结构主要意义的宾语连用,例如'‘give’‘have’、‘take’常作乏词义动词用,如‘Shegave asmall cry⋯’和‘I ' ve had a bath’。
complement补足语:
指置于‘be’等系动词之后的名词词组或形容词。它们表述分句的主语或宾语,如she is a teacher⋯’、‘ she is tired⋯’和‘They made her chairperson "。
complex sentence英汉语法术语对照表definite alticle
determiner限定词:
指包括‘the’、‘a’、‘some’和‘my’在内的一组词,用于名词词组的开头。
direct object直接宾语:
在主动句中表示受动词的动作影响的人或物的名词词组为直接宾语,如‘She wrote her name…’和‘I shut the nese glossary of grammatical terms
使用说明:黑体词条表示Cobuild语法术语;斜体表示一般语法术语;具备语法
功能的词汇在例句中划上底线。‘’
abstract noun抽象名词:
用于描述性质、思想和经历的名词。这类名词不能表示有形的或具体的事物,如'joy’、‘size’、‘language’。比较concrete noun具体名词。
complex sentence复合句:
包含main clause主句和subordinate clause从句的句子,如‘she wasn ' t thinking because She was tired,。
compound复合词:
两个或两个以上的词结合,起一个语法单位的作用,如‘selr - centred’与‘free一style’是compound adlectives复合形容词;' bus一stop’与‘state or afl沁rs’是compound nouns复合名词;而‘rolle-skate’与‘dry-clean’是compound verbs复合动词。
closer’
adverb of time时间副词:
描述某事何时发生的副词,例如‘I saw her yesterday
adverb particle副词小品词:
用于短语动词Phrasal verb中的副词,例如‘hide out’、‘sit up’和‘turn round’
affirmative肯定:
描述做某事方式的从句,通常由‘as’或' like’引导,如‘She talks like her mother used to’。
cleft sentence断裂句:
使用it,、‘what,或‘all’引导的结构,用来强调主语或宾语的句子,如‘It ' s a hammer we need⋯’和‘What we need is a hammer,。
adverbial group副词词组:
起副词作用的词组,用于描述某事何时、何地、如何发生或在什么情形下发生,如' in the street " ' again and again '。
adverb of degree程度副词:
表示感觉或属性的程度或范围的副词,如' extremely '。
adverb of duration持续副词:
concord一致:
指主语与动词之间或数词、限定词与所限定的名词之间的一致关系,如‘I look/shelooks⋯’和‘one bell / three bells ’。又作agreement。
concrete noun具体名词:
指称可触摸到、可看得见的物体的名词,
如‘table’、‘dress,和‘flower,。比较abstract noun抽象名词。
count noun具数名词:
有单、复数形式的名词,例如‘dog /、‘lemonllemons’和‘foot/feet’。又作countable nouno。
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