英语必备基础知识之句子
常用的英语句子(通用200句)
常用的英语句子(通用200句)英语句子11、Where did you learn to speak English?你从哪里学会说英语的呢?2、The show is supposed to be good.这场表演应当是相当好的。
3、I’m afraid that it’s not going to work out.我恐怕这事不会成的。
4、I enjoy working with you very much.我很喜欢和你一起工作。
5、How did the game turn out?球赛结果如何?6、How do you like Hong Kong?你喜欢香港吗?7、I’m happy to meet you.很高兴见到你。
8、How long will it take to get to your house?到你家要多久?9、I’m glad to see you again.很高兴再次见到你。
10、I heard that you’re getting married.Congratulations.听说你要结婚了,恭喜!11、Let’s have a beer or something.咱们喝点啤酒什么的.。
12、I’ll call you.我会打电话给你。
13、I didn’t know he was the richest person in the world.我不知道他是世界上最有钱的人。
14、How nice/pretty/cold/funny/stupid/boring/interesting.15、Would you help me with the report?你愿意帮我写报告吗?16、I wonder if they can make it.我在想他们是不是能办得到。
17、I see what your mean.我了解你的意思。
18、Have you ever driven a BMW?你有没有开过“宝马”?19、How much does it cost to go abroad?出国要多少钱?20、Can you believe that I bought a TV for$25?21、I was wondering if you were doing anything this weekend.我想知道这个周末你有什么要做。
英语语法基础知识句子种类及练习
英语语法基础知识句子种类及练习句子的种类可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1. 凡是说明一件事情,提出一个观点,或表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句。
大多数的句子都是陈述句,它可以用肯定式和否定式,句末用句号“.”,通常常利用降调。
掌握陈述句的肯定式和否定式的组成及用法。
. We live in Tianjin. (肯定句)咱们住在天津。
We don't live in Shanghai. (否定句)咱们不住在上海。
注意:(1)在一般此刻时的肯定式中,主语是第三人称单数时,动词要改成第三人称单数形式。
. John studies Chinese very well.(2)一般此刻时和一般过去时的否定式要加助动词do (does), did.. I don't like swimming. 我不喜欢游泳。
He doesn't have lunch at home every day. 他天天不在家吃午饭。
They didn't play football yesterday. 他们昨天没有踢足球。
2. 掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句的组成、用法和答语。
注意在一般此刻时和一般过去时的疑问句要加助动词do(does), did.. Do you often speak English at school ? 在学校你常讲英语吗?Does she have a brother ? = Has she got a brother ? 她有兄弟吗?Did it take you two hours to do your homework last night ?昨天晚上做作业花了你2个小时吗?What do you often do on Sundays ?礼拜日你常常干什么?When does your father get up every morning ?你父亲天天早晨几点钟起床?Why didn't your teacher come to school yesterday ?昨天你们的老师为何没来学校呢?提出两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种,这种疑问句叫选择疑问句。
高中必备摘抄短句100句英语
高中必备摘抄短句100句英语1. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. (千里之行,始于足下。
)2. Knowledge is power. (知识就是力量。
)3. Where there is a will, there is a way. (有志者事竟成。
)4. Actions speak louder than words. (行动胜于言辞。
)5. Every cloud has a silver lining. (否极泰来。
)6. Practice makes perfect. (熟能生巧。
)7. It's never too late to learn. (活到老,学到老。
)8. A picture is worth a thousand words. (一图胜千言。
)9. Time is money. (时间就是金钱。
)10. Rome wasn't built in a day. (伟业非一日之功。
)11. It's better to be alone than in bad company. (宁可孤独,不可为伍。
)12. Failure is the mother of success. (失败乃成功之母。
)13. The early bird catches the worm. (早起的鸟儿有虫吃。
)14. Never give up. (永不放弃。
)15. Better late than never. (迟做总比不做好。
)16. Practice what you preach. (言行一致。
)17. The pen is mightier than the sword. (笔能杀人。
)18. Seek knowledge from cradle to grave. (求知若渴,不论年龄。
英语基础必备140句子及句型
简单句专项练习1这所房子花了我一大笔钱。
(cost)The house cost me a great deal of money.2昨天的大雨使得我们没能踢球。
(prevent…from)Yesterday’s heavy rain prevented them from plying football.3日本位于中国的东部。
(lie)Japan lies to the east of China.4在业余时间里,他专心致志的学习。
(devote)He devoted himself to studying in his spare time.5那个温和的老人拍了拍女孩的脑袋。
(pat)The old gentleman patted the girl on the head.6这本书值得一看。
(worth)The book is worth reading.7你每天花多少时间上网。
(spend)how much time do you spend on-line every day?8我今晚给你打电话。
(ring)I’ll ring you up tonight.9这部电影值得一看。
(worth)This film is worth seeing.10你最近收到过母亲的来信吗。
(hear from)Have you heard from your mother recently?复合句专项练习1这是他看过的最有意义的一部电影。
This is one of the most interesting movies I have ever seen.2带着一副眼镜的那个女孩是安。
The girl who is wearing a pair of glasses is Ann.3我对你所说的很感兴趣I’m very interested in what you said.4劳驾,请问我开车如何到电视台?Excuse me, how can I get to the TV station if I drive a car?5问题是我们如何得到未污染的水。
英语语法基础知识大全,全部整理好一定要收藏起来
英语语法基础知识大全,全部整理好一定要收藏起来一、简单句所有的句子都是由简单句组合而成,只是句子的结构拓宽了一点,词汇丰富了一点,就演变成了其他的长句。
1 主谓主谓就是主语 + 谓语的组合,比如:Spring es 。
这句话中主语是spring ,谓语是 es 。
主语就是引领句子的开头部分,是一个句子的主体,英文是subject ,我们用字母 S 代替。
谓语可以理解为动词,英文是 verb,我们用字母 v 代替。
2 主谓宾根据字面的意思就是主语 + 谓语 + 宾语组合而成的句子,比如: I love you .这句话中主语是 i ,谓语是 love ,宾语就是在谓语后面的词,这里是 you。
宾语的英文是 object,这里用字母 o 代替。
3 主谓宾宾主语 + 谓语 + 宾语+ 宾语的句子。
这里的两个宾语都是谓语动词产生的。
比如:I give you money .这里的 you 和 money 都是 give 的宾语,give you 和 give money ,所以都是两个宾语。
4 主谓宾宾补主语 + 谓语 + 宾语+ 宾补的句子。
比如:It makes me happy .这里的 me 是 make 的宾语,但是 happy 不是 make 的宾语。
happy 是 me 的形容词,是一个宾补,全称为宾语补足语,起到了补充说明的作用。
注意:区分主谓宾宾和主谓宾宾补主谓宾中的两个宾语都是谓语产生的动作词,而主谓宾补语是宾语的形容词,与谓语无关。
5 主系表这里,系统代表系动词。
包含三个类别A be 动词: am is are was wereB 感官动词(五官)look 看起来sound 听起来smell 闻起来taste 尝起来feel 摸着....感觉......C 变化动词bee / turn / go / get / grow这里的表是代表表语,包括名词、形容词、介宾短语、不定式todo比如 you are beautiful 这句话中,you 是主语,are 是系动词,beautiful 是表语。
常用英语句子摘抄简短带翻译
常用英语句子摘抄简短带翻译
1.Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
2.Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于言辞。
3.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西未必都是金子。
4.Better late than never. 迟做总比不做好。
5.Every cloud has a silver lining. 黑暗中总会有一线光
明。
6.Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。
7.Keep your chin up. 保持乐观。
8.Love is blind. 爱情是盲目的。
9.Time is money. 时间就是金钱。
10.Rome wasn’t built in a day. 罗马不是一日建成的。
以上短语反映了一些智慧的道理和人生哲学。
命运会给人
生带来挑战,但只要坚定信念,就总能找到解决问题的方法。
言语的表达不如行动有力,而生活中的困难和挑战也都需要积极的努力去克服。
我们要学会从经验中吸取教训,保持积极的态度,以及学会珍惜时间和劳动。
总的来说,这些简短句子给人以启示,引导着我们在日常
生活中保持正确的心态,以及积极面对生活中的困难和挑战。
希望我们能够在生活中不断地通过观察和体悟,体会到这些句子背后的智慧。
英语考试必备经典句子
英语考试必备经典句子英语考试必备经典句子有很多,以下是一些示例:1.“Actions speak louder than words.” 行动胜于言语。
2.“All that glitters is not gold.” 闪光的未必都是金子。
3.“An idle mind is the devil's workshop.” 懒散的心是魔鬼的工厂。
4.“Better late than never.” 晚做总比不做强。
5.“Easy come, easy go.” 来得容易去得快。
6.“Failure is the mother of success.” 失败是成功之母。
7.“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percentperspiration.” 天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。
8.“Health is wealth.” 健康就是财富。
9.“Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.” 抱最好的希望做最坏的准备。
10.“Jack of all trades and master of none.” 门门精通样样稀松。
11.“Life is not all roses.” 生活并非都是玫瑰花。
12.“Love me, love my dog.” 爱屋及乌。
13.“Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it.” 世上无难事只怕有心人。
14.“Patience is a virtue.” 忍耐是一种美德。
15.“Perseverance is victory.” 坚持就是胜利。
16.“Practice makes perfect.” 熟能生巧。
17.“Silence is golden.” 沉默是金。
18.“Success belongs to the persevering.” 坚持就是胜利。
经典句子-备战高考-英语作文-2021-高考英语必备_139
经典句子-高考必备-英语作文-2021备战高考:2021-05-311、Do not consider painful what is good for you.对你有益的东西,不要觉得痛苦。
2、Downwards is the only way forwards.继续下去是唯一的出路。
3、Celebrate what you've accomplished, but raise the bar a little highe r each ...庆祝你所取得的成就,但在每次成功后,把标准再拉高一点。
(米娅·哈姆)4、Do not let the pursuit of a boat moored in the harbor illusions, but should strive raised sails, sail the sea of real life.不要让追求之舟停泊在幻想的港湾,而应扬起奋斗的风帆,驶向现实生活的大海。
5、Only those who attempt the absurd can achieve the impossible.只有那些努力完成荒谬的事才有可能实现不可能.----------------------------------------------------------------------6、To fall in love with yourself is the first secret to happiness.爱上自己是通往幸福的第一条奥秘。
7、Put your heart, mind, and soul into even your smallest acts. This is the se...即便是再微小不过的事情,你也要用心去做,这就是成功的秘密。
(斯瓦米·悉瓦南达)8、You almost pulled it off.你差点就得手了。
英语语法入门基础知识英语语法基础知识要点大全
英语语法入门基础知识英语语法基础知识要点大全英语语法知识要点主从复合句一、概念:主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。
从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。
(爷爷奶奶们很爱孩子,同时对他们也严格要求。
)(看起来会议没完没了。
)(快点, 要不然就来不及了。
)(不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋,小孩还是不肯吃。
)二、分类:从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。
三、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法:1、表语从句:在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。
例如:That is why he did not e to school yesterday.It is because you are so clever.2、宾语从句:在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
①基本形式:(主句+)连词+从句主语+从句谓语+... ②关于宾语从句连词的选择:若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略; 若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等) 例如:They believe that the puter will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。
) (从句本来就是陈述句)I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster.(我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。
)(从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?)He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。
英语基础语法知识(语法和句子)
不及物动词(intransitive verb)本身意义完整,后面不需跟宾语,例如: The old man walked very slowly. 这老人走的很慢。(walked 是不及物动词) He didn't sleep well last night. 他昨晚睡的不好。(sleep 是不及物动词)
英语的句子成分有八种:主语、谓语动词、宾语、定语、状语、表语、主语补足语和宾语补足语以
及同位语。现分述如下:
(一)主语 主语(subject)是句子所要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体。主语的位置通常在句首,一般不
省略。可以担当主语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和主语从句。例如: Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳。(名词做主语) He will take you to the hospital. 他会带你去医院。(代词做主语) Three plus four equals seven. 三加四等于七。(数词做主语) To see is to believe. 眼见为实。(动词不定式做主语) Smoking is not allowed in public places. 公共场所不允许吸烟。(动名词做主语) Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 他们来不来取决与天气。(从句做主语)
不少词可以属于几个词类,例如:smoke(名词) (烟尘),(动词) (吸烟);own(形容词) (自 己的),(动词) (拥有);just(副词) (刚才),(形容词) (正义的);key(名词) (钥匙),(形 容词) (主要的),等。
二、句子成分
由不同词类的单词,按照一定的语法规则组合在一起,能表达一个完整意思的语言单位叫做句 子。一个句子由各个功能不同的部分构成,这些部分叫做句子成分(members of the sentence)。
高一英语句子必备句型
高一英语句子必备句型一1) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. (从句时态用完成时)这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
2) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(强调句)我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
3) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上,我熬到11点半故意不睡觉,为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
4) Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.(非限制性定语从句)你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊,这个朋友平常不认真学习。
5) If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题,你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
6) Add up your score and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来,看看得了多少。
7) What he did has added to our difficulties.他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。
初中英语语法基础知识大全
初一英语知识点梳理一、基本语法规则1. 句子结构英语句子通常由主语、谓语和宾语构成。
其中主语是句子的主要内容,一般位于句首;谓语是句子的核心,表示动作或状态;宾语是谓语的补充,表示动作的承受者。
例句:I love ice cream.(我爱冰淇淋。
)2. 动词时态英语中有多种动词时态,如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。
根据具体情况选择合适的时态,以准确地表达时间。
例句:He is playing basketball now.(他正在打篮球。
)3. 代词代词用来代替名词,分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等。
熟记各类代词的用法,可以简化句子结构,使语言更加简洁明了。
例句:This is my book.(这是我的书。
)二、单词和词组1. 常用词汇掌握一些常用的英文单词和词组是学好英语的基础。
如数字、颜色、家庭成员、学校用品、食物等。
平时要多积累,勤于复习,加深记忆。
2. 交际用语学会正确使用一些常用的交际用语,如问候、道歉、邀请、感谢等,以便更好地与他人沟通交流。
例句:Hello! How are you?(你好!你好吗?)三、听力技巧1. 听懂关键词在听力过程中,要学会捕捉关键词,特别是数字、时间、地点等,这将对理解整个对话或文章起到重要的辅助作用。
2. 注意听语音语调通过仔细倾听说话者的语音语调,可以获取更多信息。
有时,语调的变化会暗示着说话者的情感或意图。
3. 学会推断在听力材料不完整或有遗漏时,要学会根据上下文和自身经验进行推断,以得出正确答案。
四、阅读技巧1. 阅读题目先行在阅读文章前,先浏览题目要求,了解问题的内容和形式,以便更有针对性地阅读文章,提高答题准确率。
2. 理解关键句子仔细阅读并理解文章中的关键句子,这些句子通常包含了作者的主要观点和意图。
可以通过划线、标记等方式来加强记忆。
3. 掌握词汇短语在阅读过程中,遇到不认识的单词或词组时,要尽量通过上下文来推测出其含义,以便更好地理解句子和文章的意思。
英语小白语法
英语小白语法英语语法是英语学习的基础,它帮助我们正确地表达自己的意思,理解他人的语言。
以下是一些基本的英语语法知识:1.主语和谓语:句子中的主要概念是主语和谓语。
主语是句子中的主要元素,表示句子所描述的人或事物。
谓语是句子中的次要元素,表示主语的动作或状态。
2.动词:动词是表示动作或状态的词。
在句子中,动词通常放在主语之后。
3.名词:名词是表示人、物或抽象概念的词。
名词通常用于描述主语或宾语。
4.冠词:冠词用于修饰名词,表示名词的性质、数量或度量单位。
5.代词:代词是用来代替名词或其他词类的词。
代词在句子中起到名词的作用。
6.形容词:形容词是用来描述名词的词。
它们通常放在名词之前。
7.副词:副词是用来描述动词、形容词或其他副词的词。
它们通常放在动词之后,形容词之前。
8.形容词和名词的一致性:在句子中,名词和形容词的数必须一致。
例如,“一个漂亮的姑娘”中的“一个”是名词,“漂亮”是形容词,它们在数上一致。
9.名词的性:有些名词有阴性和阳性之分,如“女人”是阴性,“男人”是阳性。
在句子中,名词的性必须正确使用。
10.动词时态:动词时态表示动作发生的时间和状态。
例如,现在时、过去时、将来时等。
在句子中,动词时态必须正确使用。
11.语序:在句子中,语序也是很重要的。
例如,在问句中,主语和谓语的顺序与陈述句不同。
12.从句:从句是句子中的一个重要部分。
从句可以是一个独立的句子,也可以是一个短语或词组。
从句可以用来描述其他句子或短语。
以上是一些进一步的英语语法知识点,对于英语学习者来说,掌握这些知识可以帮助我们更好地理解和使用英语。
基础英语语法必备(含经典例句)
一、英语的句子结构句子是我们阅读和写作时最基本的语言单位,厘清句子结构对于句意的理解至关重要。
事实上,英语中的句子结构非常严谨,无论句子有多长,所表达的意思有多繁复,那么从结构上来说,只有三类句子,即简单句、并列句、复合句。
而且,这三种句子都是由一个或多个SV结构构成(一个SV结构单独成句称之为简单句;两个或多个SV结构通过连接手段并列起来称之为并列句;两个或多个SV结构形成主句和从句称之为复合句。
)SV结构的类型1主语+谓语这个结构中的谓语通常是不及物性的动词或短语动词。
Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。
Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚,人以群分。
Quitters never win and winners never quit.退缩者永无成功,成功者永不退缩。
Cowards die many times before their deaths.懦夫在未死之前,已身历屡次死亡的恐惧经历了。
2主语+谓语+宾语这个结构的谓语通常是及物性的动词或短语动词。
Haste makes waste.欲速则不达。
Constant dropping wears the stone.滴水穿石。
Truth and roses have thorns about them.真理和玫瑰一样,旁边都有刺。
Energy and persistence conquer all things.能量和毅力可以征服一切。
A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.强者能同命运的风暴抗争。
A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。
The on-looker sees most of the game.旁观者清。
此外,这个结构中的谓语动词还可以跟反身代词(oneself)作宾语或同源宾语。
英语基础知识积累-全部倒装
英语基础知识积累-全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
1) here, there, now,then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be,come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。
例如:
Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头,谓语动词是表示“移动”的go, come, leave等句子里。
例如:
Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。
Down went the small boat. 小船沉下去了。
注意:在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用
正常语序。
3)表示地点的介词词组位于句首,谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。
South of the lake lies a big supermarket.
湖泊的南边是一个大超市。
20 miles east of our school lies a modernswimming pool.
我们学校向东20英里有一个现代化的游泳池。
4) 在there be或者there live(stand, appear, seem, remain, exist….) 句型中。
经典句子-备战高考-英语作文-高考英语必备_7-2-29
经典句子-高考必备-英语作文-2021备战高考:2021-11-031、I apply to get into your life.我申请,加入你的人生。
2、Dwell on the beauty of life. Watch the stars, and see yourself runni ng with them.细想生活之美,遥望星辰,想象自己在其中遨游。
3、That there was no room for unhappiness as long as I was free.只要我是自由的,便没有不快乐的时刻。
4、It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar.有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎。
5、It’s no use going back to yesterday, because I was a different perso n then.昨天的事就不用说了,因为我昨天和现在不一样。
----------------------------------------------------------------------6、Destiny is not a matter of chance. It's a matter of choice.命运不在于机会,而在于选择。
(William Jennings Bryan)7、Whatever happens tomorrow,we've had today.无论明天发生什么拥有今天就好啦。
8、Opportunities vouchsafed by Heaven are less important than terrestri al advantages, which in turn are less important than the unity among pe ople.天时不如地利,地利不如人和。
英语句法基础知识
句法的定义:句法是研究句子的个个组成部分和它们的排列顺序;句法研究的对象是句子;句子的定义:句子是用来描述一件事情,表达一个思想, 提出一个问题,它是有一定的语法结构排列组成的;The football is in the box. 足球在箱子里放着;I'm interested in English. 我对英语感兴趣;What would you like 你想要点什么句子的分类: 句子可以从两种角度来分类:1 根据句子的用途来分,英语的句子有下列几种:一陈述句: 用来陈述,讲明一件事情,一个情况;I like music. 我喜欢音乐;came to our university to teach English. 迪克斯先生来我们学校教英语;二疑问句: 向对方听众提出问题的句子就叫疑问句,一般需对方作出回答;What do you want I want a book. 你要什么我要一本书;How old are you I'm ten tears old. 你几岁啦我十岁;三祈使句: 用来向对方听众发出请求,命令的句子叫祈使句;祈使句一般需对方作出行为动作;Come here, please. 请过来;Come to my office immediately. 马上到我的办公室来;四感叹句: 用来表示自己的一种强烈感情的句子叫感叹句;What an interesting story it is 多有趣的故事啊How beautiful your sweater is 你的毛衣多漂亮啊2 根据句子的结构来分,句子可分为下列几种:一简单句句中只含有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语的句子叫做简单句;I study English every day. 我天天学习英语;Lucy and Lili went shopping yesterday. 露西和丽丽昨天上街去买东西;二并列句由连接词或 " ; "把两个以上含两个的简单句连在一起的句子叫做并列句;在并列句中,各个简单句意思完整,不受其他简单句的影响;These flowers are white and those flowers are red; 这些花是白色的而那些花是红色的;I am a worker but my brother is a professor. 我是一个工人,但是我的兄弟是个教授;三复合句句子中含有从句的句子叫做复合句;I know it's difficult to master English well. 我知道学好英语不容易;Can you tell me how many students there are in your class 你能告诉我你们班里有多少学生吗句子的成分:构成句子的基本成分叫做句子成分;句子成分可分为主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,同位语;它们可以由单词来担任,也可以由词组,以及句子来担任;主语主语是一个句子中所要表达,描述的人或物,是句子的主体;I work here. 我在这儿工作;She is a new teacher. 她是一个新教师;He is in charge of a limited company. 他主管一家有限公司;主语可以由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,名词化形容词,分词,从句,短语等来担任;The book is on the desk. 书在桌子上;I get an idea. 我有一个主意;Two and two are four. 二加二等于四;Smoking is bad to health. 吸烟对身体有害;The wounded has been taken to the hospital. 伤员已经送到医院;When to begin is not known yet. 什么时间开始还不知道;What I know is important. 我所知道的很重要;谓语谓语是用来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态;谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面;The child has been brought up by his mother. 这孩子是由他的妈妈带大的;We don't know him very well. 我们不太了解他;She speaks English fluently. 她英语讲得很流利;表语表语是用来说明主语的性质, 身份, 特征和状态;表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语;表语一般放在系动词之后;表语可以由名词, 形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任;These desks are yellow. 这些桌子是黄色的;I am all right. 我没事;We are happy now. 我们现在很幸福;Time is over. 时间到了;She is ten. 她十岁了;My work is teaching English, 我的工作是教英语;The dictionary is in the bag. 词典在书包里边;My question is how you knew him. 我的问题是你如何认识他的;宾语宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象, 它是动作的承受者,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担任,宾语一般放在谓语动词后面;I saw a cat in the tree. 我看见树上有一只猫;I want to go shopping. 我想去买东西;He said he could be here. 他说他会来的;We think you are right. 我们认为你是对的;有些及物动词可以有两个宾语 ,其中一个宾语多指人,另一个宾语指物,指人的宾语叫做间接宾语,指物的宾语叫做直接宾语, 可以带两个宾语的动词有bring,give, show, send, pass, tell 等;间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面,如果强调直接宾语可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面,但间接宾语前须加 " to ";My father bought me a book. 我父亲给我买了一本书;Give the rubber to me. 把橡皮给我;Please give the letter to Xiao Li. 请把这封信给小李;有些及物动词除跟一个宾语外,还需要加上宾语补足语,否则意思不完整, 它们一起构成复合宾语,复合宾语中宾语和后面的宾语补足语有一种逻辑上的主谓关系, 这也是判断是两个宾语还是复合宾语的依据, 宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的词担任;We all call him Lao Wang. 我们都叫他老王;Please color it red. 请给它涂上红颜色;We found the little girl in the hill. 我们在山上找到了小女孩;定语用于描述名词,代词,短语或从句的性质,特征范围等情况的词叫做定语, 定语可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任;如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面;That is a beautiful flower. 那是一朵漂亮的花;The TV set made in that factory is very good. 那个工厂生产的电视机很好;This is my book, not your book. 这是我的书,不是你的书;There are more than twenty trees in our school. 我们学校里有二十多棵树;I have a lot of things to do. 我有好多要做的事情;Our country is a developing country. 我们的国家是一个发展中的国家;状语说明事物发生的时间,地点,原因,目的,结果方式, 条件或伴随情况,程度等情况的词叫状语;状语可以由副词, 短语以及从句来担任;We went to the countryside last year. 去年我们去了乡下;I often read the news paper at night. 我经常在晚上看报纸;We study hard for our country. 我们为我们的国家而努力学习;I'm late because I missed the bus. 由于误了车,所以我迟到了;I go to school on foot. 我步行去上学;简单句简单句可分为下列五种形式:1 主语 + 系动词 + 表语;I am a student. 我是一名学生;You are a teacher. 你是一位教师;She is a worker. 她是一个工人;The picture is beautiful. 照片很漂亮;The football is on the floor. 足球在地上;2 主语 + 不及物动词;The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起;We arrived at Beijing yesterday. 我们昨天到达北京;They have worked for tree hours this morning. 他们今早工作了三个小时;3 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语We help each other. 我们互相帮忙;I have received a letter from my parents. 我收到一封我父母亲的信;I bought a bike last year. 去年我买了一辆自行车;4 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语I gave him a book last week. 上周我给了他一本书;My parents will buy me a gift. 我父母亲将给我买一件礼品;5 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语.I heard him singing in the hall. 我听见他在大厅里唱歌;I saw her watching TV play. 我看到她在看电视;并列句并列句: 用并列连接词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起的句子叫并列句.常用的连接词如下:also, and, but, either ... or, however, not only...but also, or, or else, so, still, yet, neither...nor.并列句的构成:简单句 + 连接词 + 简单句;He studied hard and he passed the examination. 他学习努力并通过了考试;Let's hurry, or we'll be late. 咱们赶紧点,要不就迟到啦;I have been to Beijing many times but my parents have never been there.我去过北京多次,但我父母亲从没去过;复合句复合句是由两个或两个以上的有主谓结构的句子用从属连词连接起来的句子;其中一个句子是主体,叫做主句,而其他的句子叫做从句; 从句由连接词引导,它们是:that, before, whether, if, although, because, as long as, as soon as, since, after, who, which, whom, what, whose, why, where, how,when, 从句尽管有主谓结构,但不能单独成为一个句子,在句中, 从句仅担任某个成分,根据担任的成分从句可分主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,定语从句,状语从句;主语从句在句中起主语作用的句子叫做主语从句. 主语从句一般放在句首;引导主语从句的词有下列:that, who, whether, if, what, which, when, where, how, why.Who cleaned the blackboard is not known yet. 谁擦的黑板还不知道;What he said is not true. 他说的不是实话.That he'll come to see us is really great. 他来看我们真是太好啦;It's very good that he has passed the exam. 他通过了考试太好了;宾语从句在句中起宾语作用的句子叫做宾语从句,宾语从句放在动词后面;引导宾语从句的词有下列;that, if, whether, what, which, when, where, how, why,I didn't expect that he had broken the glass. 我没有想到他把玻璃打破了;Could you tell me who is your teacher 你能告诉我谁是你的教师吗I don't know why he is absent. 我不知道为什么他不在;表语从句在句中起表语作用的句子叫做表语从句,表语从句放在系动词的后面;引导表语从句的词有下列;that, if, whether, what, which, when, where how, why等.The question is whether he will join us next time. 问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干;That is why I am late. 这就是我为什么迟到;定语从句在句中起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句,定语从句放在被修饰的名词后面;引导定语从句的词有下列;who, whose, that, which, whom, when, where why.Do you know the man who is in the car. 你认识坐在汽车里的人吗This is the place where I was born. 这就是我出生的地方;That is the reason why he lost his job. 这就是他为什么失去工作的原因;状语从句在句中起状语作用的句子叫做状语从句,状语从句一般放在句后,强调时放在句首;He opened the windows since it was hot. 由于天气热,他打开了窗户;When he was young,he couldn't go to school; 他年青的时候没能上学;I'll let you know as soon as he come back. 他一回来我就告诉你; 语态是动词的一种形式,它用来表示句中主语同谓语动词之间的关系;英语有两种语态, 主动语态和被动语态, 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者;例如:I have repaired the radio. 我修好了收音机;The radio has been repaired. 收音机被修好了;The students cleaned the classroom. 学生们打扫了教室;The classroom was cleaned by the students. 教室被学生们打扫了; 被动语态的构成:be + 过去分词A building was damaged by the storm. 暴风雨毁坏了一座建筑物; Our plate was made in China. 我们的盘子是中国生产的;My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被盗了;常用的被动语态的时态变化如下,以 ask 为例:一般进行完成现在I am asked, I am being asked, I have been asked过去I was asked,I was being asked,I had been asked将来I shall be asked, I shall have been asked过去将来I shall be asked被动语态的疑问句是把助动词提前到句首;Has your TV set been repaired 你的电视机修了吗Was the kite broken 风筝破了吗Has the work been done 工作结束了吗被动语态的否定式是在助动词后面加 not.The letter has not been sent out. 信还没有发出去;The little boy has not been found out. 小孩还没有找到;The cap has not been mended yet. 帽子还没有补好;Their money has not been sent to them. 他们的钱还没有送到他们手中;被动语态的用法:被动语态表示一种主语和谓语之间的关系,当主语是动作的承受者时, 就需要用到被动语态,汉语中所说的,“汽车被撞坏了”“钢笔被修好了”等句子就是一种被动语态的句子,在汉语中常用“被”“由”等词来表示这种被动语态;在英语中则用动词的被动语态形式来表示;被动语态中还可用 by 短语加在句后表示被动语态中动作的发出者;也就是谓语动词动作的逻辑上的主语,被动语态常用在下列情况;1 不知道谁是谓语动词动作的执行者时,或者没有必要说出谁是执行者时;The glass was broken last night. 玻璃昨天被打破了;His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被偷了;He was asked to go there once more. 他被要求再去那儿一次;The bag was put into the box. 袋子放在了箱子里;2 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时;The plan has been sent to the headmaster. 计划已经送给校长了;Five people were hurt in the explosion. 五个人在这次爆炸中受伤;A new building was set up in a short time. 新大楼短期就建成了;3 被动语态也可以说出动作的执行者,构成如下:动作承受者 + be + 过去分词 + by + 动作执行者;The picture was praised by everybody. 照片得到了大家的好评;The classroom was cleaned by us. 教室被我们打扫过;The bridge was built by workers from Shanxi. 这座桥是山西的工人建的;The little boy was found by the police. 小孩被警察找到了;有关被动语态的几个问题:1 "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态,系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,作表语用,表示某种状态;I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣;He seems unsatisfied with his work. 他看起来对他的工作不满意;We are determined to catch up with the developed countries. 我们决心要赶上发达国家;The song is called "Don't forget me". 歌曲的名字叫“勿忘我”;某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义;The food tastes good. 食物很香;It smells strange. 这有怪味;The stone feels very cold. 石头摸起来很冷;The woman's clothes sell well. 女装卖的快;3 一般情况下,及物动词才能构成被动语态,但有些不及物动词组成短语后,也可构成被动语态;He was looked down upon because of his egoism. 他因自私而受人冷落;The children were taken good care of in the the orphanage. 孩子们在孤儿院受到了良好的照顾;虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测, 建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实;If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们;If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him. 如果我碰见了李华,我就告诉了他了;If I had time. I could come to help you. 如果我有时间,我会来帮助你的;He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组;He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿;虚拟语气的用法1 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令;May you be happy. 祝你幸福;May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快;May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久;Have a good journey 祝愿你旅途愉快You go out 你出去2 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中;动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气, 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望,要求;I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一边;I wish I could help him. 我希望我能帮助他;He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿;动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中,"should" 可以省略;The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了;He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服;3 虚拟语气用在主语从句中;在句型 "It is important necessary, strange, natural that .... " 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用: should + 动词原形It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们有必要出去散散步;It's natural that she should do so. 她这样做是很自然的;It's important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人;4 虚拟语气用在状语从句中;虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中;在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时,动词有三种时态形式,即现在,过去和将来;与现在事实相反的:条件从句结果从句If I we,you,he,they+ 动词过去式.. if I he,she were... I we should + 动词原形; He you,they would + 动词原形;与过去事实相反的:条件从句结果从句If Iwe,you,he,they+ had + 过去分词 Iweshould + have+ 过去分词;He you,they would + have + 过去分词;If I were you, I should buy it. 如果我是你,我就买了它;If I had time, I would study French. 如果我有时间,我会学习法语的;If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英语的话,她不会找我帮忙的;If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一点起床,就会赶上火车的;If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping. 如果明天天气好,我就去买东西;有关虚拟语气的几个问题:1 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if,而把从句中的动词 were, had 或should 移到主语前面;Were she younger, she would do it . 如果她年青点, 她就会干的;Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her. 如果他知道她的地址,他会去看她的;2 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句;I could help you. 我本来可以帮助你;If I had time. 我要有时间该多好啊;She should have come to the party. 她应该来参加聚会;If he had much more money. 如果他有更多的钱就能...;3 虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致;If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.如果他们以前努力学习的话,现在干的就会容易些;If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.如果他不听取我的建议,他就不会干得这样好;动词不定式是一种非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式; 动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词,动词不定式;Climbing mountain is a good exercise. Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用爬山是一项好运动;Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. wearing ... 分词起形容词作用你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗He gets up early to catch the first bus. to catch .... 不定式起副词作用他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车;谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:1 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语;Miss Mary teaches us English.玛丽教我们英语;teaches 动词作谓语came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话; to have a talk.... 不定式作状语2 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制;Larke likes the pop music.拉克喜欢流行音乐; 动词用单数第三人称形式Larke has nothing to do today.拉克今天没什么事要做;do 用原形非谓语动词的特征:1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词,后面须跟宾语;Studying English is my favorite.学习英语是我的爱好;studying 后跟宾语To help him is my duty.帮助他是我的责任;help 后跟宾语2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语;Working under such a condition is terrible.在这样的环境下工作太可怕了;under such a condition 是 working 的状语It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了;for him 作不定式的逻辑主语3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化;I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.对不起让你久等了;to have kept...是不定式的完成形式Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful. 从山上看,这座城市美丽多了;Seen from...是分词的被动形式4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用;Our coming made him happy.我们的到来使他很高兴;coming 起名词作用There are two big swimming pools here.这儿有两个大型游泳池;swimming 起形容词作用非谓语动词的形式变化:不定式主动被动一般to write to be written进行to be writing /完成to have written to have been written完成进行to have been writing /现在分词主动被动一般 writing being written完成 having written having been written过去分词一般written动名词主动被动一般 writing being written完成 having written having been written动词不定式:动词不定式是由 to + 动词原形构成,在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分;1 动词不定式作主语:To mast a language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情;To teach English is my favorite. 教英语是我的爱好;It's my pleasure to help you. 很乐意帮助你;动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面,而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上;It's very kind of you to have given us much help. 你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了;It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目击者;2 动词不定式作宾语:某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语,这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.What I wish is to learn English well. 我所希望的是把英语学好;I like to help others if I can. 如果有可能的话,我喜欢帮助别人;3 动词不定式作宾语补语 ;We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起;Please ask him to come here quickly. 请叫他快过来;4 动词不定式作表语:What I should do is to finish the task soon. 我应该做的是赶快完成任务;The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately. 当务之急是马上去找孩子;5 动词不定式作定语:There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题;I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你;6 不定式作状语:We went to the hospital to see our teacher. 我们去医院看了我们的老师;She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做试验,从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物;动词不定式的否定形式:not + to + 动词原形The teacher told us not to swim in that river. 老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳;It's unfair not to tell us. 没告诉我们真是不公平;带疑问词的不定式:疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面,构成不定式短语,使含义更加具体;Where to go is not known yet. 去什么地方还不知道;I don't know when to begin. 我不知道什么时间开始;Can you tell me where to get the battery. 你能告诉我哪儿能买到电池吗Do you know how to get to the station. 你知道怎样去车站吗带逻辑主语的不定式:动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语,构成方法是: for + 逻辑主语 + 不定式;注意:逻辑主语用宾格形式, for 本身无实际意义,它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语;It's necessary for us to help each other. 我们互相帮忙是必要的;There are much work for me to finish, 有许多工作要我去完成;动词不定式的时态:动词不定式一般时:表示动作和句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或之后发生;I helped him put the things into the car. 我帮助他把东西放进了汽车;I want to see you again. 我想再见到你;Would you like to have a rest. 你愿意休息一下吗动词不定式完成时:表示动作在句中谓语动词的动作之前发生;We are sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起,我们让你久等了;They seems to have known the answers. 他们好像知道了答案;动词不定式进行时:表示动作同句中谓语动词的动作同时发生,强调动作正在进行;They seem to be working hard. 他们好像在努力工作;动词不定式的被动形式:表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系 ;He is the man to be examined. 他是受检查的人;There are much work to be done. 有好多工作要做;。
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英语必备基础知识之句子什么是句子?句子是由词或词组按照一定的规律(语法结构)联结成的,是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位,是在提指某人或物并说明它做什么或怎么样。
句子的第一个字母必须大写,结尾要有.?!等标点符号。
句子是写作、交际的基本单位,只有写好了句子才有可能写好文章。
例句:1 I am a teacher. 2 Are you a student? 3 How beautiful the girl is !请判断下列各题文字表述哪些是句子?1.The teacher in the classroom.2.Sang many songs and danced happily.3.She helps on the farm.4.Many people living in the country.5.All the books on the desk over there.?判断一段文字是不是句子时的依据是:_________________________一个句子(sentence)提指某人或物的部分称为主语部分“Subject”,说明主语部分的部分称为谓语部分“Predicate”。
)主语和谓语是句子成立的充分且必要的条件,两者缺一不可。
Drilling SquareⅠ.请把下列各题作为句子的主语部分,补上谓语部分成为完整的句子。
1.My mother…2.Bill and Tom…3.The book in my hand…4.Most students of my class…Ⅱ.请把下列各题作为句子的谓语部分,补上主语部分成为完整的句子。
1.gets up very early every morning.2.is the best student in my class.3.Does…play the piano very well?4.drink a lot of water in summer.句子分类分类一:按照使用目的和交际功能分为:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句祈使句:1 Come in! Please be quiet.Don’t be late.Let’s not speak loudly.2 Do come on time !3 Work hard, and you will make progress.= _______________________________________________________.Work hard, or you will fall behind.= _______________________________________________________.分类二:从“主要动词”看句子分类每个英语句子都可以说成是“谁做了什么”,或“谁怎么样”。
表示“做了什么”,或“怎么样”的动词可以叫做“主要动词”。
其中,表动作的词如跑、跳什么的,我们可以用DO 来代这类动词。
这种表示动起来的动作的词叫实义动词(行为动词);用来表示那些不动的动作,如: “是”、“看起来”等表明主语身份或状态,把主语和说明主语情况的词语(表语)连接起来的这类动词叫连系动词,我们可以用BE来代。
1 They reached our town yesterday.2 The food smells delicious.既然英语的主要动词只有DO和BE两种,所以就只有两种句式结构,有DO 的叫主谓(宾),有BE的就叫主系表。
选择实义动词做谓语则不能再用系动词be,即我们可以说I study. He studies. He isa student. 但不能说He is study.●实义动词:也叫行为动词,具有完整意义,可以单独作谓语,也可以跟助动词或情态动词一起构成谓语.它可以分成及物动词和不及物动词.●及物动词(vt.):后面必须带宾语意义才完整,多数可以用于被动语态.They reached our town yesterday.不及物动词(vi.):后面不带宾语,本身能表达完整意义,可以单独作谓语,不用于被动.如不及物动词后面加上介词,那介词后必须要有宾语才能完整,如: go, come, agree, look, listen, die, arrive, rise, sit例句:They arrived yesterday.They arrived at our town yesterday.改错:The car accident was happened yesterday.注:不及物动词不能用于被动语态。
系动词:句子的谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的词语构成复合谓语才能表达完整的意思,这类动词叫做连系动词,它把主语和说明主语情况的表语连接起来,是表示不完全谓语关系的动词,与后面的词语一起构成系表结构。
表语和连系动词是互相依存的,即系动词后必须要有表语,表语前面必须要有系动词. 用作连系动词的词语:1. be (本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用)2. 表示“好象,似乎,看起来”等:seem, appear, look3.表示发展变化:become, go, get, turn, fall, run, grow,come4.表感官:feel; smell; taste; sound;look5.表示状态持续: remain;stay;keep stand (still);lie (awake)6表“证明”: prove, turn out注:连系动词不可与副词连用。
分类三:从“主语谓语构成情况”看句子分类:简单句、并列句、复合句(一)简单句(定义)简单句:只包含一套主谓结构,且句子的各个成分都是由单词或短语表示的句子.1 We are studying English.2 Mary and Kate study in the same school.3 his father is a worker and works in a food factory.4 Tom and Mike are good friends and always help each other.句子成分从简单句的句子结构看句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分(component), 由上可知,一个句子须有主语部分和谓语部分,主要有主语、谓语动词、宾语、表语、补足语;除此以外还有它们的修饰成分,可以是:定语、状语、同位语以及独立成分,所以句子的成分有:主语、谓语动词、宾语、表语、补足语、定语、状语、同位语以及独立成分。
1主语:是一个句子的主题,是句子所诉说的主体。
它的位置一般在句首,表示“什么”, “谁”。
用作主语:1名词2代词 3.数词4不定式(to do) 5动名词(v-ing)6名词化的形容词(the rich) 7名词化的分词(the wounded) 8从句9引语The girl is pretty. Reading is useful.To see is to believe. They are good friends.动词原形、介词短语不作主语2谓语:是句子中除主语之外的部分,是对主语的陈述或说明,用来说明主语的动作.行为.特征或状态,表明“做什么”. “是什么”. “怎么样”,是构成句子必不可少的成分.They are teachers. She looks well. He studies hard.He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.3宾语:用来表明动作行为或介词所支配的对象,是动作的承受者. 一般位于动词或介词之后(即动宾或介宾)1名词2代词3数词4名词化的形容词和分词5不定式6动名词7从句8介词短语She plays the piano. He often helps me. I like watching TV.She likes to go to shop this afternoon. I think that he is good guy.4定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的单词、短语或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。
定语有限制性和非限制性之分。
对中心词来说必不可少的定语叫限制性定语,一般不用逗号将两者分隔;只起补充说明、用逗号隔开的定语叫非限制性定语。
e.g. She had many red pencils. ( red作限制性定语)She had many pencils, red. (red作非限制性定语)用作定语:1形容词2代词3数词4副词5介词短语6不定式7 v-ing 8 v-ed9从句10 名词The black bike is mine.What’s your name? A broken vase.I have 5 books. A sleeping boy.They made paper flowers.The boy in the room is Jack.I have something to do.It is a swimming pool.5状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。
1. 副词或副词短语2. 介词或介词短语3. 不定式或不定式短语4. 分词或分词短语5. 名词或名词短语6. 从句He did it carefully.Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.He is writing with a pen.6补足语:有些及物动词的宾语后面需要补充一个成分来说明宾语的状态、特征等, 这样才能表达完整的意思.这个宾语后的成分即为宾语补足语1 名词2 形容词3 副词4 介词短语5 不定式6 分词7 从句带宾语补足语的句子变为被动语态时,宾语补足语就成了主语补足语.If you let me go, I’ll make you king.Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived. Make yourself at home.I saw him enter the hall. The boss keeps them working all day.I heard my name called.7表语:在英语句子中表示主语的身份,职业,性质,状态,特征等的成分。