高一第三次月考试卷及答案
2023-2024学年广东省广州大学附中高一(下)第三次月考数学试卷+答案解析
2023-2024学年广东省广州大学附中高一(下)第三次月考数学试卷一、单选题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分。
在每小题给出的选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知,,则()A.B.C. D.2.已知复数满足,则()A.B. C.D.3.某高校组织大学生知识竞赛,共设有5个版块的试题,分别是“中华古诗词”“社会主义核心价值观”“科学实践观”“中国近代史”及“创新发展能力”.某参赛队从中任选2个版块作答,则“创新发展能力”版块被该队选中的概率为()A.B. C.D.4.已知平面向量,其中,且与和与的夹角相等,则()A. B.1C.D.25.若,则()A. B.C.D.6.已知的外接圆的圆心为O ,半径为1,,在上的投影向量为,则()A.B.C.1D.7.为调查某地区中学生每天睡眠时间,采用样本量比例分配的分层随机抽样,现抽取初中生800人,其每天睡眠时间均值为9小时,方差为1,抽取高中生1200人,其每天睡眠时间均值为8小时,方差为,则估计该地区中学生每天睡眠时间的方差为()A.B.C.D.8.已知三棱锥的四个顶点在球O 的球面上,,是边长为2的正三角形,E ,F 分别是PA ,AB 的中点,,则球O 的体积为()A.B.C.D.二、多选题:本题共3小题,共18分。
在每小题给出的选项中,有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分,部分选对的得2分,有选错的得0分。
9.下列说法正确的是()A.数据1,3,5,7,9,11,13的第60百分位数为9B.为了了解某地参加计算机水平测试的5000名学生的成绩,从中抽取了200名学生进行调查分析.在这个问题中,被抽取的200名学生是样本C.用简单随机抽样的方法从51个个体中抽取2个个体,则每个个体被抽到的概率都是D.若样本数据,,⋯,的平均数为2,则,,⋯,的平均数为810.已知函数,若函数的部分图象如图所示,则关于函数,下列结论正确的是()A.函数的图象关于直线对称B.函数的图象关于点对称C.函数在区间上的减区间为D.函数的图象可由函数的图象向左平移个单位长度得到11.如图,在菱形ABCD中,,,将沿对角线BD翻折到位置,则在翻折的过程中,下列说法正确的()A.存在某个位置,使得B.存在某个位置,使得C.存在某个位置,使得P,B,C,D四点落在半径为的球面上D.存在某个位置,使得点B到平面PDC的距离为三、填空题:本题共3小题,每小题5分,共15分。
安徽省阜阳高一上学期第三次月考数学试题(解析版)
安徽省阜阳第一中学高一上学期第三次月考数学试题一、单选题1.下列各角中,与终边相同的角是( ) 40-︒A . B .140° C .40° D .320°320-︒【答案】D【分析】由终边相同的角的定义表示出与终边相同的角,求解即可. 40-︒【详解】与终边相同的角一定可以写成的形式,, 40-︒36040k ⨯︒-︒k ∈Z 令可得,与320°终边相同,其他选项均不合题意. 1k =40-︒故选:D.2.函数的定义域为( ) ()()lg 3f x x =-A . B .C .D .[)1,3()1,3()[),13,-∞⋃+∞(](),13,-∞⋃+∞【答案】B【分析】根据具体函数解析式有意义解不等式组可得.【详解】由题意可得,解得,即定义域为.3010x x ->⎧⎨->⎩13x <<()1,3故选:B3.“”是“”的( )2x >()2log 21x -<A .充分不必要条件 B .必要不充分条件 C .充要条件 D .既不充分也不必要条件【答案】B【分析】根据集合的包含关系可得.【详解】,,解得,记,,因为()2log 21x -<022x <-<24x <<{|24}A x x =<<{|2}B x x =>,所以“”是“”的必要不充分条件.A B ≠⊂2x >()2log 21x -<故选:B4.在下列区间中,函数的零点所在的区间为( )()23xf x x =--A . B . C . D . )(01,()12,()23,()34,【答案】C【分析】根据零点存在定理,分别求各选项的端点函数值,找出函数值异号的选项即可【详解】由题意,因为,,()2222310f =--=-<()3323320f =--=>由零点存在定理,故函数的零点所在的区间为()23xf x x =--()2,3故选:C5.已知幂函数在上是增函数,则实数的值为( )()()22244mmf x m m x-=-+()0,∞+m A .1或 B .3C .D .或33-1-1-【答案】B【分析】由函数是幂函数,解得或,再代入原函数,由函数在上是增函数确定最3m =1m =()0,∞+后的值.m 【详解】∵函数是幂函数,则,∴或.当时在上是增2441m m -+=3m =1m =3m =()3f x x =()0,∞+函数,符合题意;当时在上是减函数,不合题意.1m =()1f x x -=()0,∞+故选:B.6.已知是定义在上的增函数,,则a ,b ,c 的()y f x =(0,)+∞()()()0.3555,0.3,0.2a f b f c f ===大小关系是( ) A . B . C . D .a b c >>b a c >>a c b >>c a b >>【答案】A【分析】利用幂函数以及指数函数的单调性判断的大小关系,结合是定义在550.30.3,0.2,5()y f x =上的增函数,即可判断出答案.(0,)+∞【详解】因为函数为R 上单调增函数,故,而,5y x =5510.30.20>>>0.351>由于是定义在上的增函数,故,()y f x =(0,)+∞()()()0.35550.30.2f f f >>即. a b c >>故选:A. 7.若函数在上单调递减,则实数的取值范围是( ) ()(),1,513,13x a x fx a x x ⎧≥⎪=⎨-+<⎪⎩R a A .B .C .D .12,33⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦()1,211,32⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭20,3⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭【答案】A【分析】根据分段函数的性质,以及函数在上单调递减,结合指数函数的性质,可知()f x R,求解不等式,即可得到结果. 011305133a a a a⎧⎪<<⎪-<⎨⎪⎪-+≥⎩【详解】∵函数在上单调递减,∴,解得,实数的取值范围是()f x R 011305133a a a a⎧⎪<<⎪-<⎨⎪⎪-+≥⎩1233a <≤a . 12,33⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦故选:A.8.已知函数且时,,则()()log ),,(x x x x x f ⎧>⎪⎨⎪++≤⎩=1220301234x x xx <<<()()()()1234f x f x f x f x === ) 43x x A .B .C .D .1,84⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦[)2,+∞()4,+∞[)64,4--【答案】D【分析】根据已知条件作出分段函数的图象,利用二次函数和对数函数的性质结合不等式的性质即可求解.【详解】作出图象如图所示()f x设,由图象可知:时有四个交点,可得 ()f x t =13t <≤()413f x <≤即,解得;1<log x ≤244428x <≤∵关于∴12,x x x =12x x +=-又,则,∴,131422log log x x =1314142221log log log x x x =-=341x x =∴, 22224444432x x x x x x =+=-=-∵,∴,428x <≤24644x -≤-<-即∴. 43x x [)64,4--故选:D.【点睛】解决此题的关键是作出函数的图象,将问题转化为函数的零点转为方程的根进而转化为函数与函数图象交点的个数,再根据利用二次函数的对称性及对数的运算性质及不等式的性质即可求解.二、多选题9.下列命题中的假命题是( )A .,B ., x ∀∈R 121x +>x ∀∈R ()210x ->C ., D .,x ∃∈R lg 1x <x ∃∈R 2230x x --<【答案】AB【分析】根据全称命题和特称命题的定义判断真假后可得结论.【详解】,因此A 假命题;,因此B 是假命题;取,,C 是真1121-+=2(11)0-=01x =0lg 01x =<命题;时,,故D 真命题. 13x -<<2230x x --<故选:AB .10.在一个展现人脑智力的综艺节目中,一位参加节目的少年能将圆周率准确地记忆到小数点后π面200位,更神奇的是,当主持人说出小数点后面的位数时,这位少年都能准确地说出该数位上的数字.如果记圆周率小数点后第n 位上的数字为y ,下列结论正确的是( ) πA .y 不是n 的函数B .y 是n 的函数,且该函数定义域为*N C .y 是n 的函数,且该函数值域为 {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}D .y 是n 的函数,且该函数在定义域内不单调 【答案】BCD【分析】根据函数的定义以及函数单调性性质一一判断各选项,即可得答案.【详解】由题意可知圆周率小数点后第n 位上的数字y 是唯一确定的,即任取一个正整数n 都有π唯一确定的y 与之对应,因此y 是n 的函数,且该函数定义域为,值域为,*N {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}并且y 在每个位置上的数字是确定的,比如取到小数点后面4个数字时为,故函数不具有π 3.1415单调性,故A 错误,正确, B ,C,D 故选:BCD 11.已知函数为奇函数,下列结论正确的是( ) 2()31x f x a =--A .的定义域为 B .()f x {}0x x ≠1a =-C .的值域为 D .的单调递增区间为()f x (1,)+∞()f x (,0),(0,)-∞+∞【答案】ABD【分析】根据函数解析式,求得其定义域,判断A;根据函数为奇函数,可求得参数a 的值,判断B;举反例可判断C;根据指数函数的单调性结合函数奇偶性性质可判断D.【详解】对于A ,需满足 ,即的定义域为,A 正2()31xf x a =--310,0x x -≠∴≠()f x {}0x x ≠确;对于B ,为奇函数,即,2()31x f x a =--22()(),3131x x f x f x a a --=-∴-=-+--故,即,B 正确;222322231311331x x x x x a -⨯=+=+=-----1a =-对于C ,,当时,,故C 错误; 2()131x f x =---1x =2(1)12031f =--=-<-对于D ,当 时,,且递增,故递减,则递增,0x >310x ->31x y =-231x y =-2()131x f x =---由于为奇函数,故当时,也递增, 2()131xf x =---0x <2()131x f x =---即的单调递增区间为,D 正确, ()f x (,0),(0,)-∞+∞故选:.ABD 12.已知函数,若,则下列不等式一定成立的有( )()32x f x x =+01m n <<<A .B . ()()n mf m f n <()()1f m f n +>C .D .()()log log m n f n f m >(()f f m n <+【答案】AD【分析】先判断函数在上为增函数,对于A ,由,可得,从而利用函数的R 01m n <<<1n m m n <<单调性可判断,对于BC ,举例判断,对于D ,由得,从而利用函数的单01m n <<<m n <+调性可判断【详解】因为在上为增函数,所以是上的增函数.32,x y y x ==R ()32x f x x =+R 由得,所以,故A 成立;01m n <<<1n m m n <<()()n mf m f n <取,,,故B 不成立; 14m =54n =()()55144f m f f f n ⎛⎫⎛⎫+=== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭取,,,故C 不成立;12m =2n =()()()log 1log m n f n f f m =-=因为,所以时取等号,而,所以取不到等0,0m n >>m n +≥m n =01m n <<<号,所以,所以,故D 成立. m n <+(()f f m n <+故选:AD三、填空题13.已知集合,.若,则___________.{}1,2A ={}21,B x =-{}1A B ⋂=x =【答案】1±【分析】根据给定条件可得,由此列式计算作答.1B ∈【详解】因集合,,且,于是得,即,解得,{}1,2A ={}21,B x =-{}1A B ⋂=1B ∈21x =1x =±所以. 1x =±故答案为:1±14.已知扇形的圆心角为,面积为,则该扇形的弧长为___________. π24π3【答案】π6【分析】由扇形的圆心角与面积求得半径再利用弧长公式即可求弧长. 【详解】设扇形的半径为r ,由扇形的面积公式得:,解得,该扇形的弧长为2π1π3224r =⨯4r =. ππ4246⨯=故答案为:. π615.已知函数是奇函数,是偶函数,定义域都是,且,则()f x ()g x R 3()()3+=-x f x g x x _________.(1)(2)-+-=f g 【答案】389【分析】根据奇偶性由,得即3()()3+=-x f x g x x ()3()()3x f x g x x --+-=--3()()3x f x g x x --+=+,分别相加相减求出函数解析式,即可求解.【详解】由题:函数是奇函数,是偶函数,定义域都是, ()f x ()g x R 且 ①,3()()3+=-x f x g x x 所以,即 ②,()3()()3x f x g x x --+-=--3()()3x f x g x x --+=+①②两式相加得:,33()2x xg x -+=①②两式相减得:,333()2x xf x x --=-所以.()()1221138(1)(2)33133229f g ---+-=-+++=故答案为:389【点睛】此题考查函数奇偶性的应用,根据函数的奇偶性求出函数解析式,再求函数值.16.若函数在区间,上的最大值、最小值分别为,,则的值为||||2()x x e xf x e -=[10-10]M N M N +_____. 【答案】4【分析】由已知可得函数为奇函数,利用奇函数的性质可以得到其最大值最小值之和为()2y f x =-0,进而根据与原函数的最值的关系得到的值M N +【详解】解:因为, ||||||2()2x x x e x xf x e e -==-所以, ||()2x xf x e -=-因为函数为奇函数, ()2y f x =-所以它的最大值、最小值之和为0, 也即, 220M N -+-=所以, 4M N +=故答案为:4.四、解答题17.已知集合.{}{121,A x a x a B x y =-≤≤+==(1)当时,求; 2a =()R ,A B A B ð(2)若,求实数a 的取值范围.A B B ⋃=【答案】(1), {}|15A B x x =-≤≤ (){}R |35A B x x ⋂=<≤ð(2) ()[],20,1-∞-⋃【分析】(1)根据函数定义域的求法求得集合,由此求得. B ()R ,A B A B ð(2)根据是否为空集进行分类讨论,列不等式来求得的取值范围.A a 【详解】(1),()()22230,23310x x x x x x -++≥--=-+≤解得,所以. 13x -≤≤{}|13B x x =-≤≤当时,, 2a ={}|15A x x =≤≤所以,{}|15A B x x =-≤≤或,{R |1B x x =<-ð}3x >所以 (){}R |35A B x x ⋂=<≤ð(2)由(1)得.{}|13B x x =-≤≤当时,, 121,2a a a ->+<-,A A B B =∅⋃=当时,,121,2a a a -≤+≥-A ≠∅由得,解得.A B B ⋃=211213a a a ≥-⎧⎪-≥-⎨⎪+≤⎩01a ≤≤综上所述,的取值范围是. a ()[],20,1-∞-⋃18.已知函数,,.()()22ax b f x x x +=≠-()102f =()11f =-(1)求实数、的值,并确定的解析式; a b ()f x (2)试用定义证明在上单调递减. ()f x (),2-∞【答案】(1),,; 2a =1b =-()212x f x x -=-(2)证明见解析.【分析】(1)根据,列出关于a 、b 的方程组即可求解; ()102f =()11f =-(2)设,作差判断的大小即可.122x x <<()()12、f x f x 【详解】(1)由,,得解得,,∴. ()102f =()11f =-12211b a b ⎧-⎪⎪⎨⎪-⎪-⎩+=,2a =1b =-()212x f x x -=-(2), ()()2233222x f x x x -+==+--设,则, 122x x <<()()()()()211212123332222x x f x f x x x x x --=-=----∵,, ()()12220x x -->210x x ->∴,即, ()()120f x f x ->()()12f x f x >∴在上单调递减.()f x (),2-∞19.已知函数的定义域是.()()22log 2f x x ax a =-+R(1)求实数a 的取值范围; (2)解关于m 的不等式.22131m m m a a -++->【答案】(1) ()0,1(2) ()(),21,-∞-+∞【分析】(1)由题意,在R 上恒成立,由判别式求解即可得答案; 220x ax a -+>Δ0<(2)由指数函数在R 上单调递减,可得,求解不等式即可得答案.x y a =22131m m m -++<-【详解】(1)解:∵函数的定义域是,()()22log 2f x x ax a =-+R ∴在R 上恒成立, 220x ax a -+>∴,解得, 2440a a ∆=-<01a <<∴实数a 的取值范围为. ()0,1(2)解:∵,01a <<∴指数函数在R 上单调递减,x y a =∴,解得或, 22131m m m -++<-1m >2m <-所以原不等式的解集为.()(),21,-∞-+∞ 20.某商场为回馈客户,开展了为期10天的促销活动,经统计,在这10天中,第x 天进入该商场的人次(单位:百人)近似满足,而人均消费(单位:元)是关于时间x 的()f x 5()5f x x=+()g x 一次函数,且第3天的人均消费为560元,第6天的人均消费为620元. (1)求该商场的日收入y (单位:元)与时间x 的函数关系式; (2)求该商场第几天的日收入最少及日收入的最小值. 【答案】(1)()*251000026110,N y x x x x ⎛⎫=++≤≤∈ ⎪⎝⎭(2)第天的日收入最少,最小值为元 5360000【分析】(1)根据人数和人均消费求得日收入的函数关系式. (2)利用基本不等式求得最小值以及对应的. x 【详解】(1)设,()g x kx b =+依题意,解得, ()()3356066620g k b g k b ⎧=+=⎪⎨=+=⎪⎩20,500k b ==所以.()20500g x x =+所以. ()5510020500y x x ⎛⎫=+⨯⨯+ ⎪⎝⎭()*251000026110,N x x x x ⎛⎫=++≤≤∈ ⎪⎝⎭(2)由(1)得, ()*251000026110,N y x x x x ⎛⎫=++≤≤∈ ⎪⎝⎭由基本不等式得,当且仅当时等号成立,2510x x +≥=25,5x x x ==所以第天日收入最少,且最小值为元.5()100001026360000⨯+=21.已知函数.()9638x x f x a =⋅-⨯-()a ∈R (1)当时,求函数的零点;2a =()f x (2)若,求在区间上的最大值.0a >()f x []1,2()g a 【答案】(1);3log 4(2). ()1926,0,218162,.2a a g a a a ⎧-<<⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≥⎪⎩【分析】(1)当时,解方程可得函数的零点;2a =()0f x =()f x (2)令,将问题转化为求函数在区间上的最大值,然后对实数[]33,9x t =∈()268h t at t =--[]3,9的取值进行分类讨论,分析函数在区间上的单调性,进而可求得的表达式.a ()h t []3,9()g a 【详解】(1)解:当时,, 2a =()29638x x f x =⋅-⨯-()223638x x =⨯-⨯-()()23134x x =+-由可得,,所以.()0f x =340x -=3log 4x =即当时,函数的零点为.2a =()f x 3log 4(2)解:令,即求在区间上的最大值.[]33,9x t =∈()268h t at t =--[]3,9当时,二次函数的图象开口向上,对称轴为直线. 0a >()268h t at t =--3t a=①当时,即当时,函数在区间上单调递增,则; 33a≤1a ≥()h t []3,9()()98162g a h a ==-②当时,即当时,函数在区间上单调递减,在区间上单调递336a <≤112a ≤<()h t 33,a ⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭3,9a ⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦增,因为,,,则; ()3926h a =-()98162h a =-()()9372360h h a -=-≥()()98162g a h a ==-③当时,即当时,函数在区间上单调递减,在区间上单调递369a <<1132a <<()h t 33,a ⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭3,9a ⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦增,此时,,则;()()9372360h h a -=-<()()93h h <()()3926g a h a ==-④当时,即当时,函数在区间上单调递减,所以. 39a≥103a <≤()h t []3,9()()3926g a h a ==-综上所述. ()1926,0,218162,.2a a g a a a ⎧-<<⎪⎪=⎨⎪-≥⎪⎩22.已知.2()2()R f x x x a a =++∈(1)若时,的值域是,求实数a 的值;[)1,x ∞∈+()f x [)0,∞+(2)设关于x 的方程有两个实数根为,;试问:是否存在实数m ,使得不等()()()21a x f x ++=1x 2x 式对任意及恒成立?若存在,求实数m 的取值范围;若不存在,124tm x x +≥-[]1,1a ∈-[]1,1t ∈-请说明理由.【答案】(1)-3;(2)存在,.11m -≤≤【分析】(1)根据二次函数的单调性进行求解即可;(2)根据任意性的定义,结合一元二次方程根与系数关系、根的判别式、构造新函数,利用新函数的单调性分类讨论进行求解即可.【详解】(1)由题知函数的对称轴为x =-1,函数在上单调递()22f x x x a =++()f x [)1,x ∞∈+增,又函数的值域是,∴,∴a =-3;()f x [)0,∞+()130f a =+=(2)由题得,,化简整理得.()()2212a x x x a ++=++220x ax --=∵,∴方程有两个非零实根,,280a ∆=+>220x ax --=1x 2x 可得,,则有12x x a +=122x x =-1x -=本题等价于是否存在m ,使不等式4tm +≥对任意a ,恒成立.[]1,1t ∈-a 的函数,则①式等价于②()T a =max 4()tm T a +≥∵,∴,从而②式转化为,[]1,1a ∈-()3T a =≤=43tm +≥即③,对恒成立,把③式的左边看作t 的函数,记,10tm +≥[]1,1t ∈-()1g t tm =+若m =0,③式显然成立;若,是t 的一次函数,要使对恒成立,只要和同时成0m ≠()g t ()0g t ≥[]1,1t ∈-()10g -≥()10g ≥立即可,解不等式组得且. ()()110,110,g m g m ⎧=+≥⎪⎨-=-+≥⎪⎩11m -≤≤0m ≠故存在实数m ,使不等式对任意,恒成立,其取值范围是124tm x x +≥-[]1,1a ∈-[]1,1t ∈-.11m -≤≤【点睛】关键点睛:构造新函数,利用新函数的单调性分类讨论是解题的关键.。
河南省淇县一中高一上学期第三次月考语文试题含答案
命题人: 2012、12考生注意:本试卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分,共17小题,总分150分,考试时间120分钟。
第I卷(阅读题共70分)一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)①“软实力”是时下一个热门词汇。
软实力的提升,在很大程度要依靠文化产业.因为文化产业的消费过程,就是价值认同的过程。
所以,我们必须高度重视文化产品的文化内涵、精神内涵、价值内涵。
②我们的文化产品,特别是电影、电视等受众面广的,应该向世人展示中国文化和历史中健康的东西,正面的东西,美的东西。
我不是说中国文化和历史中没有不健康的东西,负面的东西,不美的东西,当然有。
然而,中国文化从总体上是健康的,是美的。
中华民族是一个有着强大创造力和生命力的民族.我不赞成有的人以偏概全、以丑为美,把中国历史上和现实中的阴暗的、丑恶的、血腥的东西,加以放大、渲染,或者把中国人一个一个描绘成发呆的模样。
这样的所谓作品,怎么可能得到国际社会对中国文化的认同和向往,怎么可能增强中国文化在世界上的吸引力呢?③我们的文化产品在向国际社会介绍中国文化的时候,要力求提供一种对于中国文化的深度认识。
介绍中国文化,当然要讲述中国的历史故事,要介绍各种文化遗产。
但同时,更要展示在这些文化遗产后面的东西.这就是中国文化的精神与价值。
例如,从杨柳青年画的欢乐喜庆,可以看到中国人对平安、富足生活的强烈愿望;从青州佛像的微笑,可以看出,中国人无论是在太平岁月,还是在苦难岁月,都能保持乐观、从容的气度;从江南园林可以看到中国人优雅的生活品位和美感世界.这样展示出来的中国文化,有活的灵魂,才有深的认识,才能照亮中国文化的本来面貌,并释放出无穷的意味。
④我们的文化产品要特别注意展示中国文化中体现人类普遍价值的内容.那些最有中国特色的东西,往往体现我们民族的独特的价值观和思想体系,而且也往往最能体现全人类的普遍价值。
比如,我们从孔子《论语》和天坛建筑,可以看到中国人对大自然的敬畏和感恩的心境;从万里长城到郑和下西洋,可以看出中国人对和平的永恒祈求。
高一物理上学期第三次月考试卷含答案
2023-2024学年高一物理上学期第三次月考A卷·基础知识达标测(考试时间:75分钟试卷满分:100分)注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.回答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4.测试范围:第三章、第四章(人教版2019必修第一册)。
5.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷一、选择题:本题共12小题,每小题4分,共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,第1~8题只有一项符合题目要求,第9~12题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错的得0分。
1.(2021·广州市高一期中)如图所示的装置中,三个相同的轻弹簧在未受力状态下的原长相等,小球的质量均相同,弹簧和细线的质量均不计,一切摩擦忽略不计.平衡时各弹簧的长度分别为L1、L2、L3,弹簧在弹性限度内,其大小关系是()A.L1=L2=L3B.L1=L2<L3C.L1=L3>L2D.L3>L1>L2【答案】A【解析】在题图甲中,以小球为研究对象,由二力平衡可知,弹簧的弹力等于小球的重力G;在题图乙中,以小球为研究对象,由二力平衡条件得知,弹簧的弹力等于小球的重力G;在题图丙中,以任意一个小球为研究对象,由二力平衡可知,弹簧的弹力等于小球的重力G;所以平衡时各弹簧的弹力大小相等,即有F1=F2=F3,由F=kx知,L1=L2=L3,故选A。
2.一物块m在水平力拉动下,沿静止的水平传送带由左端匀速运动到右端,如图甲所示,这时所受摩擦力为F1;现开动机械让传送带向左匀速传动,再次将同样的物块m由传送带的左端以同样的速度匀速拉动到右端,这时所受摩擦力大小为F2。
如图乙所示。
高一上学期第三次月考语科试题(含答案)
高一第三次月考语科试题(考试时间120分钟,总分150分)第一卷(共100分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题l 5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman think of her dressA. It’s cute.B. It fits her very well.C. It’s a little small for her.2. How will the speakers go to the hospitalA. By bus.B. By bike.C. On foot.3. Where are the speakersA. In Paris.B. In Blackpool.C. In Manchester.4. How much does the ticket costA. $10.B. $7.C. $3.5. What are the speakers mainly talking aboutA. The weather.B. A football match.C. Their weekend plans.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至7小题。
6. Who will meet the woman at the airportThe man. B. The man’s brother. C. The man’s workmate.7. What does Mark look likeHe always wears a brown cap. B. He has red hair.C. He’s very thin.听第7段材料,回答第8至9小题。
2022-2023学年度高一年级第下学期第三次月考语文试卷
第Ⅰ卷阅读题 (70分)一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题,19分)材料一:《文心雕龙·史传》曰:“辞宗丘明,直归南董。
”所谓“直归南董”是指记事要像南史氏董狐那样秉笔直书;而“辞宗丘明”,指文辞记录方面要学习左丘明。
刘知几盛赞左氏的语言具有“典而美”“博而奥”的特点。
这种语言特点趋向于诗化,即在《左传》文本中大量引《诗》、赋《诗》和运用歌谣韵语使叙事具有诗情,运用整齐而富有节奏感的段落和引发想象联想的字句营造出诗境。
这种既包括诗歌、韵语,又富含诗情的书写方式应被称为“诗笔”。
历史的记录不应仅仅是直白的表露,也有想象的朦胧、诗意的表达,因此“诗笔”的运用也应当是中国古典叙事的经典笔法。
《左传》记事,无论是议论时事、臧否人物,还是劝谏讽喻、析理辨言,抑或是出使专对、会盟宴好,都大量用《诗》。
聘问赋《诗》,始于鲁僖公二十三年,公子重耳寄居秦国,秦穆公宴请他时,“公子赋《河水》,公赋《六月》”。
杯酒之间,诗味溢散,晋文公的谨小慎微与壮志雄心、秦穆公的慷慨豪壮与英雄相惜,皆藏于所赋之诗中。
与“赋《诗》”相比,《左传》中的“引《诗》”行为更为频繁,无论是臧否人物、扬抢风雅,还是讽刺劝谏、解释说明,大量的“引《诗》”行为都彰显了《左传》对“诗笔”的运用。
“引《诗》”论事评人多在事件的结尾,一般借“君子”“孔子”或时贤之言来表达。
如鲁昭公五年:“《诗》云:‘有觉德行,四国顺之。
’”孔子引《大雅·抑》表扬叔孙昭子有正直的德行。
除了运用大量《诗经》作品及逸诗外,《左传》中的“诗笔”还记录了相当数量的歌谣谚词一类的韵语,这些韵语文体未经润色,或文风古朴,或别有风趣。
《左传》中另有讴、歌、谣、谚、卜等丰富的韵语材料散落在春秋时期的各个角落,这些韵语可歌可诵,妙绝道理,引譬连类,韵味悠长,是《左传》“诗笔”很好的补充。
海登·怀特说:“只要史学家继续使用基于日常经验的言说和写作,他们对于过去现象的表现以及对这些表现所做的思考就仍然会是‘文学性的’,即‘诗性的’和‘修辞性的’,其方式完全不同于任何公认的明显是‘科学的’话语。
高一语文第三次月考卷
高一语文第三次月考试卷第 I 卷(52 分)一、选择题(每题 2 分,共 28 分)1、下列加点字的注音,完全正确的一项是()A.寥(liǎo)廓峥(zhēng)嵘瑰(guī)丽青荇(xíng)B.隽(jùn)秀榆荫(yīn)浮躁(zào)眺(tiào)望C.怅(zhàng)寥廓漫溯(shū)倩(qiàn)影百舸(kě)D.竹篙(gāo)笙(shēng)箫峭楞(lèng)楞妖童媛(yuán)女2、下列各句中书写有误的一项是( )A.树色一例是阴阴的,乍看像一团烟雾;但杨柳的丰姿,便在烟雾里也辨得出。
B.残曛烛天,暮空照水,站在秀丽的黄昏下。
C.万类霜天竟自由。
D.只有破晓或入暮,那时ft上只有一片微光,一片柔静,一片宁谧。
3、下列加点字的解释,完全正确的一项是()A.怅寥廓(宇宙的广阔)百舸(大船)艳影(红艳的)B.岁月稠(多)挥斥(斥责)眷属(夫妻)C.漫江(到处都有)青荇(水草)斑斓(水纹)D.浪遏飞舟(阻止)漫溯(逆流而上)瞬息(极短的时间)4、下列各项中,诗歌节奏划分错误的一项是()A.在∕康河的∕柔波里,我∕甘心∕做一条水草B.恰同学∕少年,风华∕正茂C.给每一条河∕每一座ft∕取一个温暖的名字D.假如∕生活∕欺骗了你5.填入下面句子横线处的关联词语,正确的一项是( )是满月,天上有一层淡淡的云,不能朗照;我以为这恰是到了好处——酣眠固不可少,小睡也别有风味的。
A.虽然却因而但 B. 虽然却所以但C.因为也所以然而 D. 因为也所以然而6.下列各句中加点的成语使用恰当的一句是( )A.在当今改革大潮中,有些人身居要职,却胸无城府,思想僵化,不思改革,甚至阻挠改革潮流。
B.这些人垂头丧气,连眼皮也不敢抬,个个噤若寒蝉,都挤到角落去找遮掩的座位,正襟危坐,就像待审的犯人。
C.外出旅游,异地的风物固然让人迷醉,可是在商场购物时遇到的导购的劝说,却常常使人不厌其烦,兴味索然。
高一物理第三次月考试卷(含答案)
xx 中学高一物理第三次月考试题考试时间: 90分钟 试卷分值: 100分一、选择题(本大题共10小题, 每小题4分, 共40分, 本题给出的四个选项中, 只有一个选项符合题意, 请将所选项的字母填写在答题卡中对应题号下的空格中)1.在越野赛车时, 一辆赛车在水平公路上减速转弯, 从俯视图中可以看到赛车沿曲线由M 向N 行驶。
下图1中分别画出了汽车转弯时所受合力F 的四种方向, 你认为正确的是( )2. 关于匀速圆周运动, 下列说法不正确的是A. 线速度不变B. 角速度不变C. 频率不变D. 周期不变3. 在发射宇宙飞船时, 利用地球的自转可以尽量减少发射时火箭所提供的能量, 那么最理想的发射场地应在地球的 A. 北极 B. 赤道C. 南极D. 除以上三个位置以外的其他某个位置4.三颗人造地球卫星A.B.C 绕地球作匀速圆周运动, 如图所示, 已知MA=MB<MC, 则对于三个卫星, 不正确的是( ) A.运行线速度关系. B.运行周期关系.TA<TB=TC C.向心力大小关系.F..F..FCD.半径与周期关系为5. 物体受水平力F 作用, 在粗糙水平面上运动, 下列说法中正确的是 ( ) A. 如果物体做加速直线运动, F 一定对物体做负功 B. 如果物体做减速直线运动, F 一定对物体做负功 C. 如果物体做减速运动, F 也可能对物体做正功 D. 如果物体做减速直线运动, F 一定对物体做正功6.图3中虚线是一跳水运动员在跳水过程中其重心运动的轨迹, 则从起跳至入水的过程中, 该运动员的重力势能A. 一直减小B. 一直增大C. 先增大后减小D. 先减小后增大高一( )班 座位号: 姓名: 密 封 线 内 请 不 要 答 题图17. 关于弹性势能, 下列说法正确的是A. 弹性势能与物体的形变量有关B. 弹性势能与物体的形变量无关C. 物体运动的速度越大, 弹性势能越大D.物体运动的速度越大, 弹性势能越小8.如图所示, 桌面高为h, 质量为m的小球从离桌面高H处自由落下, 不计空气阻力, 假设离桌面高H处重力势能为零, 则小球落地前瞬间的重力势能为()A.-mg......B.mg....C.mg(H-h...D.-mg(H+h)9. 如图所示, A.B叠放着, A用绳系在固定的墙上, 用力F将B拉着右移, 用T、fAB和fBA分别表示绳子中拉力、A对B的摩擦力和B对A的摩擦力, 则下面正确的叙述是()A.F做正功, fAB做负功, fBA做正功, T不做功B.F和fBA做正功, fAB和T做负功C.F做正功, fAB做负功, fBA和T不做功D、F做正功, 其它力都不做功10. 如图所示, 站在汽车上的人用手推车的力为F, 脚对车向后的静摩擦力为F′, 下列说法正确的是()A. 当车减速运动时, F和F′所做的总功为零B. 当车加速运动时, F和F′的总功为负功C. 当车加速运动时, F和F′的总功为正功D.不管车做何种运动, F和F′的总功都为零二、填空题(本大题共2小题, 每空5分, 共20分。
高一下学期第三次月考试题含解析试题
卜人入州八九几市潮王学校邻水试验高2021级2021年春季学期第三次月考语文试卷本套试卷分阅读题〔第I卷〕和表达题〔第II卷〕两局部,一共8页。
总分值是150分,考试时间是是150分钟。
本卷须知:2.答选择题时,必须使需要用2B铅笔将机读卡上对应题目之答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
3.答非选择题时,请使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔,将答案书写在答题卷规定的位置上。
4.所有题目必须在答题卷上答题,在试题卷上答题无效。
一、现代文阅读第I卷阅读题〔一〕阐述类文本阅读〔此题一共3小题,9分〕阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
互联网上向来不乏怪事。
一些网播剧播放量过百亿却讨论者寥寥,一些网购平台上的“销量第一〞却差评不断,一些所谓“今日热门〞的文章却完全不知所云。
问题何在?互联网时代,网民选择相信数据背后代表的“公众眼睛〞。
然而近年来,这些本应成为用户选择时重要参考的数据,却屡屡成为一些平台掺水造假的对象。
去年9月,不少平日里阅读量动辄“10万+〞的微信大号迅速缩水,而起因竟是源于某些通过刷单来拉高阅读量的工具失效。
有监测数据显示,当晚有六成微信“大号〞的阅读数下降,其中阅读量暴跌80%以上的公众号超过100个;同样在去年,国内某直播平台曾显示某热门直播间观看人数超过13亿,令人匪夷所思。
无据之数,难称数据。
那些基于个体选择而累计得来的数字,衡量着品质优劣,透露着场反响,反映着用户认可。
然而造假掺水却令数据应有的标尺作用打了折扣,用户“用脚投票〞的权利成为摆设,造假者不仅令优质内容沉匿网海,更给了烂俗内容和劣质产品效劳以次充好的可乘之机。
数据造假,受伤的不仅是手握“投票权〞的网友和真正优质的内容,还可能在更广范围内威胁互联网产业生态系统。
“我知道我的广告费有一半浪费了,但遗憾的是,我不知道是哪一半被浪费。
〞世界著名广告HY约翰·沃纳梅克的这句论断产生于纸质媒体时代,而在如今新闻门户、视频网站、应用成为广告主眼中香饽饽的时代,却更多了几分无奈和挖苦。
高一上学期第三次月考语文试卷(附带答案)
高一上学期第三次月考语文试卷(附带答案)(满分:150分;考试时间:150分钟)班级:___________姓名:___________考号:___________一、语言文字基础(24分)1.下列词语中,加点的字注音完全正确的一组是()(3分)A.洞穴(xuè)籼稻(xiān)淤泥(wū)臻于至善(zhēn)B.悲怆(càng)挑剔(tì)雍容(yōng)出类拔萃(cuì)C.造诣(yì)笃实(dǔ)须臾(yú)轻拢慢捻(niǎn)D.兜鍪(móu)稻菽(jiāo)分蘖(niè)夏然而止(gǎ)2.下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是()(3分)A.精甚铸魂墓志铭熙熙攘攘B.拾掇肩胛一把锉离群索居C.奇葩苍廪捋袖子跌岩起伏D.兜鍪羁鸟毛坯房阁物致知3.下列句子中加点的成语,使用正确的一句是()(3分)A.王总一进会议室,参加研讨会的各地代表都不谋而合地站起来欢迎他。
B.她在舞蹈艺术方面,已到达炉火纯青地地步。
C.得知柯洁败给“阿尔法狗”地消息,有一个围棋迷连续两天废寝忘食,就连老师点名他都没听到。
D.地沟油事件在众多新闻热点中出类拔萃,成为大家关注的焦点4.下列句子中加点的成语,使用不正确的一句是()(3分)A.过劳为什么会引起健康透支?有关专家认为,最严重的问题不是加班,而是巨大的压力导致休息时间也无法彻底放松心情质致。
B.茅于轼强调,我们虽然一直以来受的教育都是劳动创造财富,但在市场经济下,交换才是财富产生的途径,每一次交换都把一个物品从低价格提升到高价格,交换使其物尽其用。
C.尊重生命不仅是对人而言,天地间所有生命和造物主所有的恩惠都应该受到关爱和尊重。
D.有关商品房质量的投诉,这些年一直居高不下,原因之一就是目前建设中大量采用的现场浇铸施工工艺使得施工质量难以控制。
5.下列对古代文化常识的解说,不正确的一项是()(3分)A.《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集,收集了西周初年至春秋中叶的诗歌,共305篇,是我国浪漫主义诗歌的源头。
高一第三次月考(英语)试题含答案
高一第三次月考(英语)(考试总分:120 分)一、阅读理解(本题共计4小题,总分30分)1.(6分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AWelcome to Adventureland!Everyone loves Adventureland! The Parks and Exhibitions were built for you to explore (探索), enjoy, and admire their wonders. Every visit will be an unforgettable experience. You will go away enriched, longing to come back. What are you going to do this time?The Travel PavillonExplore places you have never been to before, and experience different ways of life. Visit the Amazon jungle (丛林) village, the Turkish market, the Tai floating market, the Berber mountain house and others. Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives, and things they make. You can try making a carpet, making nets, fishing…The Future TowerThis exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives. It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we'll be living then. Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator (模拟装置) for the Journey to Mars!The Nature ParkThis is not really one park but several.In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers: see lions, giraffes, elephants in the wild. Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales. And then there is still the Aviary to see…The PyramidThis is the center of Adventureland. Run out of film, need some postcards andstamps? For all these things and many more, visit our underground shopping center. Come here for information and ideas too.21.The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors _____.A. realize the importance of travellingB. become familiar with mountain countriesC. learn how to make things such as fishing netsD. learn something about different places in the world22. If you are interested in knowing about what people's life will be, you may visit _____.A. the Travel PavilionB. the Future TowerC. the Safari ParkD. the Pyramid23. If you want to get a toy lion to take home, where will you most likely go?A. The Pyramid.B. The Nature Park.C. The Future Tower.D. The Travel Parvilion.2.(8分)BAt a daycare center in Texas, children were playing outside. One of the children was Jessica Mc Clure. She was 18 months old. Her mother, who worked at the daycare center, was watching the children. Suddenly Jessica fell and disappeared. Jessica’s mother screamed and ran to her.A well was in the yard of the center. The well was only eight inches across and a rock always covered it. But children had moved the rock. When Jessica fell, she fell right into the well.Jessica’s mother reached inside the well, but she couldn’t feel Jessica. She dia led 911 for help. Men from the fire department arrived. They discovered that Jessica was about 20 feet down in the well. For the next hour the men talked and planned Jessica’s rescue.“We can’t go down into the well,”they said.“It’s too narrow. So, we’re going to drill a hole next to the well. Then we’ll drill a tunnel across to Jessica. When we reach her, we’ll bring her through the tunnel and up through our hole.”The men began to drill the hole at 11 a.m. on Wednesday, October 14, 1987. The men had a difficult job; they were drilling through solid rock. During her days in the well, Jessica sometimes asked for her mother. Sometimes she slept, sometimes she criedand sometimes she sang.All over the world, people waited for news of Jessica. Everyone worried about her.At 8 p.m. on Friday, October 16, men reached Jessica and brought her up from the well. She was soon sent to hospital. Jessica was dirty, hungry, thirsty and tired. Her feet and forehead were badly injured. But Jessica was alive.After Jessica’s rescue, one of the rescuers made a metal cover for the well, saying,“To Jessica, with love from all of us.”24. What is the mother’s reaction when the accident happened?A. She was so worried that she didn’t know what to do.B. She called the police for help immediately.C. She shouted and rushed to help her child quickly.D. She asked her colleagues for help.25. All of the following statements are true except _____ according to the passage.A. Children had moved the rock before Jessica fell into the well.B. Men from the fire department saved Jessica.C. Jessica was too frightened to say a word when she was in the well.D. Jessica was alive although she was injured.26. Jessica stayed in the well at least _____.A. 47 hoursB. 48 hoursC. 57 hoursD. 58 hours27. What may be the best title for the passage?A. 911’s WorkB. American ChildC. Everybody’s Baby-- JessicaD. Mother’s Mistake3.(8分)CIf you like texting and are trying to lose weight, a new study found that using texting to track(追踪) diet and exercise habits may help you lose weight.Previous research has shown that keeping food and exercise diaries improves the likelihood of success when you are trying to lose weight. Using a computer or a pen and paper to record information, however, can be a burden and cause some people to give up.Duke University researchers said using text messages to track eating and exercisehabits can save time, and increase the chances that people will stick with their weight-loss rules.The study included 26 obese women with an average age of 38. The women used daily texting as part of their weight-loss program. The text messages focused on tracking personalized goals, such as avoiding sugary drinks or walking 10,000 steps a day. Messages also provided brief feedback (回复) and tips.Every morning, the women received a text from an automated(自动的)system that said, “Please text yesterday’s personal information of steps you walked and how many sugary drinks you had.” Based on the women's responses to the text message, the system sent another text with personalized feedback and tips.After six months, the women who used daily texting lost an average of nearly 3 pounds, while another group of women who used traditional methods to keep food and exercise diaries gained an average of 2.5 pounds, according to the study, which was published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research.“Text messaging has become popular and may be an effective method to simplify tracking of diet and exercis e behavior,” Dori Steinberg, who was responsible for this research, said.Steinberg said, "Text messaging offers several advantages compared to other self-monitoring methods. Unlike web-based diet and exercise diaries, data in a text message can be entered quickly on nearly all cellphone platforms so it is very convenient to receive feedback. Besides, because of the limited number of words used in text messages, it saves time.”28. According to the study, traditional methods _________.A. are easier for people to lose weightB. may cause people to give up losing weightC. provide brief feedback and tipsD. are easy to track diet and exercise behavior29. Which is NOT true about text messaging according to Steinberg?A. It saves time.B. It saves money.C. It can be entered quickly.D. It is easy to receive feedback.30. What’s the best title for the text?A. Texting helps keep healthyB. Texting saves time and moneyC. Texting can help you lose weightD. Texting provides brief feedback and tips31. What’s Dori Steinberg’s attitude towards text messaging?A. Unknown.B. Negative.C. Positive.D. Unconcerned.4.(8分)DThe kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud. They have no school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.The key to their success: 20 tablet computers(平板电脑) dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U.S. group called One Laptop Per Child.The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing(分析) the project data say they’re already amazed. “What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.The fastest learner—and the first to turn on one of the tablets—is 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse.The device’s camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.With his tablet, Kelbasa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. “Seven months ago he didn’t know any English. That’s unbelievable,” said Keller.The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading,” where they can read to learn. It won’t be in Amharic, Ethiopia’s first language, but in English, which iswidely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.32. How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?A. It trains teachers for them.B. It contributes to their self-study.C. It helps raise their living standards.D. It provides money for building schools.33. What can we infer from Keller’s words in Paragraph 3?A. They need more time to analyze data.B. More children are needed for the research.C. He is confident about the future of the project.D. The research should be carried out in kindergartens.34. It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could _______.A. learn English words quickly.B. draw pictures of animals.C. write letters to researchers.D. make phone calls to his friends.35. What is the aim of the project?A. To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs.B. To make Amharic widely used in the world.C. To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English.D. To help Ethiopians in learning their first language.二、阅读七选五(本题共计1小题,总分10分)5.(10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
高一下学期第三次月考化学试卷-附参考答案
高一下学期第三次月考化学试卷-附参考答案一、单选题(20*3=60) 1.抗击新冠肺炎疫情以来,“一次性口罩”成为人们防护的必需品,用于生产下列这款口罩的材料中不属于有机物的是( )A .耳带——聚四氢呋喃B .外层防菌过滤层——聚酯纤维C .防水透气膜——聚丙烯D .鼻梁条——镀锌细钢丝2.下列有机物属于烃的是( )A .C 2H 4B .CH 3COOHC .CCl 4D .C 2H 5OH3.互为同分异构体的是( )A .O 2和O 3B .12C 与14C C .CH 3 (CH 2) 3 CH 3和D .和 4.下列化学用语表达不正确...的是( ) A .葡萄糖的分子式:6126C H O B .氯乙烯的结构式:2CH CHCl = C .甲烷的电子式: D .丙烷分子的球棍模型:5.下列有关中和热的说法正确的是( )①表示中和热的热化学方程式为()()()2H l OH l H O l +-+= ΔH 57.3kJ mol =-①准确测量中和热的整个实验过程中,至少测定2次温度①测量中和热的实验过程中,环形玻璃搅拌棒材料若用铜代替,则测量出的中和热数值偏小 ①241mol H SO 的稀溶液和含()21mol Ba OH 的稀溶液反应的反应热1ΔH 114.6kJ mol -<-⋅①中和热测定:用50mL0.50mol /L 盐酸和50mL0.55mol /LNaOH 溶液进行实验,用量筒量取NaOH 溶液时,仰视取液,测得的中和热数值偏小①中和热测定实验中为减少热量散失,NaOH 溶液应分多次倒入量热计中①用温度计测定盐酸溶液起始温度后未洗涤,直接测定氢氧化钠的温度会导致测得中和热的数值偏小 A .①①①① B .①①①① C .①①①① D .①①①①6.下列反应属于放热反应的是( )A .Ba(OH)2·8H 2O 与NH 4Cl 晶体B .C 和CO 2C.碳酸钙的分解D.铁与盐酸7.阿司匹林是一种重要的合成药物,化学名称为乙酰水杨酸,具有解热镇痛作用。
高一第三次月考(英语)试题含答案
高一第三次月考(英语)(考试总分:120 分)一、阅读理解(本题共计4小题,总分30分)1.(6分)APeople living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in this country each year. Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do while there can either benefit or harm the environment.While on holidayMany of the things you can do to be greener on holiday will be the same things you can do at home—but there are also extra things too, like avoiding gifts made from endangered plants and animals. Here are some suggestions:●Making the most of locally produced food and drink, and local activities and attractions will support people in the area you are visiting and reduce the need for further environmental influence from transport;●Switching off any air conditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect;●Save water—some countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats(栖息地).Endangered species(物种)Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals. Check before you buy, but if you doubt, avoid animal and plant gifts. More details of the types of products to avoid and illegal trade hot-spots can be found on the Souvenir Alert web-page.Making a positive contribution to the place you are visitingThere are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment;●There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats;●When you are away, or if you are looking for somewhere to visit, you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife, such as nature reserves and conservation projects.1.According to the passage, we can ____ to help reduce climate change effect.A. make good use of waterB. buy local food and drinkC. save electricityD. go around on foot2.We can infer from the passage that ____.A. it is not easy for people to travel abroadB. not everyone can tell an illegal souvenirC. green holidays have been accepted by peopleD. volunteer work is a must for protecting natural habitats3.The passage is mainly about _________A. travel dos and don’tsB. the harm done to the environmentC. greener choices for holidayD.tips on protecting endangered species2.(8分)BSome people think that as more and more people have televisions in their homes, fewer and fewer people will buy books and newspapers. Why read an article in the newspaper, when the TV news can bring you the information in a few minutes and with pictures? Why read the life story of a famous man, when a short television program can tell you all that you want to know?Television has not killed reading, however. Today, newspapers sell in very large numbers. And books of every kind are sold more than ever before. Books are still a cheap way to get information and enjoyment. Although some books with hard covers are expensive, many books are printed today as paperbooks (平装本), which are quite cheap. A paperback collection of short stories, for example, is always cheaper than an evening at the cinema or the theater, and you can keep a book forever and read it many times.Books are a wonderful provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books should be in every home. Every home should have a good dictionary. A good encyclopedia (百科全书), though expensive, is useful, too, because you can find information on any subject. Besides, you can have such books as history books, science textbook, cookbooks, and collections of stories and poems. Then from time to time you can take a book of poems off your shelves and read the thoughts and feelings of your favorite poets.4.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. TV programs are a main provider of knowledgeB. cinemas are the best choice in getting informationC. reading is a cheap way of learning and having funD. newspapers are an expensive way to enjoy oneself5.What does the sentences “Television has not killed reading, however ” underlined in the second paragraph suggest?A. People only need reading, though.B. Reading is still necessary today.C. Reading is more fun than television.D. Watching television doesn’t help reading.6.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Fewer and fewer people will buy books.B. A good dictionary should be kept in every home.C. Books with hard covers sell better than paperbooks.D. More people like TV programs about famous men.7.What is the author’s attitude towards books?A. indifferentB. objectiveC. doubtfulD. supportive3.(8分)CGlobal GDP in 2030 will be 14% higher as a result of AI(Artificial Intelligence), thanks to improving labor productivity and increasing consumer demand, says a report.The report could increase the enthusiasm of economic policymakers and the public, and show the power of technology in changing not only people’s daily lives, but also economic activities. However, history tells us that, while technological advancements have brought us benefits, they have also led to great social disorders, by changing the production and labor structures, and forcing many workers to either adapt to the changes or lose their jobs. In the 18th century, for instance, skilled workers rose up to resist the Industrial Revolution, destroying machinery in the early 19th century. We may not see similar protests today, but history should serve as a warning against the application of AI technology.In their 2013 research study, Michael Osborne and Carl Frey from Oxford University estimated 47% of the jobs in the United States are “at risk” of being automated in the next 20 years. They said jobs in transportation and office and administrative support are at high risk of being automated. And Kaifu Lee recently said that robots could take away about 50% of all jobs from humans in the next decade.Those estimates may sound sensational but the impact of technological advancements may not be that serious, as they will also create jobs in new industries. However, policymakers should consider how to better accept the technological wave to bring benefits while taking action to minimize its negative effects. The government therefore needs to work together with business leaders and social organizations to promote training programs for potentially helpless workers, in order to make them more capable of adapting to the structural changes in industries and job markets in the future.8.Paragraph 2 mainly wants to tell us that technological advancements have ________.A. brought us a lot of benefitsB. improved our daily livesC. led to great unemploymentD. caused some social problems9.We can learn from the passage that ________.A. the government should discover people’s potentialsB. technology workers are more likely to survive AI technologyC. we should take action to meet the challenge of the AI technologyD. most workers are willing to accept the changes brought by AI technology10.The underlined word “sensational” in the last p aragraph probably means______.A. shockingB. powerfulC. inspiringD. wonderful11.The passage is intended to ________.A. warn us against the negative effects of AI technologyB. present the good and bad effects of AI technologyC. inform us of the rapid development of AI technologyD.arouse people’s enthusiasm for AI technology4.(8分)DIdeas about polite behavior are different from one culture to another. Some societies, such as America and Australia, for example, are mobile and very open. People here change jobs and move houses quite often. As a result, they have a lot of relationships that often last only a short time, and they need to get to know people quickly. So it’s normal to have friendly conversations with people that they have just met, and you can talk about things that other cultures would regard as personal.On the other hand, there are more crowded and less mobile societies where long-term relationships are more important. A Malaysian or Mexican business person, for example, will want to get to know you very well before he or she feels happy to start business.But when you do get to know each other, the relationship becomes much deeper than it would in a mobile society.To Americans, both Europeans and Asians seem cool and formal at first. On the other hand, as a passenger from a less mobile society puts it, it’s no fun spending several hours next to a stranger who wants to tell you all about his or her life and asks you all sorts of questions that you don’t want to answer.Cross-cultural differences aren’t just a problem for travelers, but also for the flights that carry them. All flights want to provide the best service, but ideas about good service are different from place to place. This can be seen most clearly in the way that problems are dealt with.Some societies have universalist cultures.These societies strongly respect rules, and they treat every person and situation in basically the same way. Particularist societies, on the other hand, also have rules, but they are less important than the sociey’s unwritten ideas about what is right or wrong for a particular situation or a particular person. So the normal rules are changed to fit the needs of the situation or the importance of the person.12.Often moving from one place to another makes people like Americans and Australians______ .A. like traveling betterB. easy to communicate withC. difficult to make real friendsD. have a long-term relationship with their neighbors13.People like Malaysians prefer to associate with those _______.A. who will tell them everything of their ownB. who want to do business with themC. they know quite wellD. who are good at talking14.A person from a less mobile society will feel it ______ when a stranger keeps talking to himor her and asking him or her questions.A. boringB. friendlyC. normalD. rough15.Which of the following is true about "particularist societies"? ______A. There is no rule for people to obey.B. People obey the society's rules completely.C. No one obeys the society's rules though they have.D. The society's rules can be changed with different persons or situations.二、阅读七选五(本题共计1小题,总分10分)5.(10分)What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More RespectAs teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition (过渡) into adulthood has begun.With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits (特点) are not yet accepted as a way of life. 16 By doing the following things, you will earn more respect.Contribute to the householdAt the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up. 17 All chores that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that you’re old enough and capable, why shouldn’t you contribute to the household? 18Be responsible19 Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase.Solve more of your own problem without asking for helpInstead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first. The "easy way" is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems. 20 When you become a good problem solver, you increase your value to the community.A. Everyone has certain responsibilities.B. By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner.C. The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help.D. This includes,but is not limited to, your dishes and your room.E. It will make your life more pleasant.F. Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline.G. When speaking to a group, speak loud enough.三、完形填空(本题共计1小题,总分30分)6.(30分)In the early 1800’s, a boy named John lived in an orphanage (孤儿院) with several other children. Every day was 21 working and Christmas was the one day of the year 22 the children did not work and received a gift — an orange. The children 23 it so much that they kept it for weeks, and even 24 — smelling it, 25 it and loving it. Usually they tried to preserve(保护) it for so 26 that it often went bad before they ate it.This year John knew he would soon be 27 enough to leave. He would save the orange until his birthday in July. If he preserved it 28 , he might be able to eat it on his birthday.Christmas day finally came. The children were so 29 as they entered the dining hall. In his excitement, John knocked over something, causing a big 30 . Immediately the master shouted, “John, leave the hall and there will be no orange for you.” John's heart31 . He turned and ran back to the 32 room so that the children wouldn’t see his tears.Then he heard the door open and the children entered. Little Elizabeth with a 33 on her face held out her small hands.“Here John,” she said, “this is for you.” As John 34 his head, he saw a big juicy 35 all peeled and quartered … Each child had sacrificed(舍弃) their own orange by 36 a quarter and had created a big, beautiful orange for him.John never forgot the sharing, love and personal 37 his friends had shown him that Christmas day. 38 that day, after he became rich, every year he 39 send oranges all over the world to children everywhere. His 40 was that no child would spend Christmas without a special Christmas fruit!21.A. forced B. passedC. takenD. spent22.A. as B. whenC. whileD. which23.A. needed B.wantedC. valuedD. liked24.A. months B. daysC. yearsD. seasons25.A. tasting B. watchingC. pressingD. touching26.A. much B. soonC. longD. far27.A. old B. strongC. tallD. experienced28.A. seriously B. carefullyC. secretlyD. softly29.A. nervous B. excitedC. pleasantD. eager30.A. cry B. disappointment C. surpriseD. noise31.A. jumped B. stopped C. broke D. settled32.A. cold B. smallC. oldD. lonely33.A. look B. tearsC. comfortD. smile34.A. shook B. liftedC. putD. turned35.A. gift B. surprise C. orange D. wonder36.A. sharing B. breaking C. eating D. taking37.A. feelings B. affairsC. relationD. sacrifice38.A. In return for B. In case ofC. In memory ofD. in search of39.A. must B. would C. might D. should40.A. wish B. ideaC. meaningD. thinking四、单词拼写(本题共计1小题,总分10分)7.(10分)根据首字母或括号内的汉语提示,用单词的适当形式填空。
高一语文上学期第三次月考卷含答案
高一语文上学期第三次月考卷(考试时间:150分钟试卷满分:150分)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔在“考场号”和“座位号”栏相应位置填涂自己的考场号和座位号。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.测试范围:必修上册第1-6单元、古诗词诵读。
5.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、现代文阅读(共35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(共19分)(本题19分)阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
新世纪以来,随着社会市场化的转型,文学类畅销书得到空前发展,既创造了良好的经济效益,又为读者提供了丰富的阅读资源。
但文学类畅销书好比一把双刃剑,在推动文学传播发展,助力文学繁荣的同时,各种文化症候也相继凸显出来。
人类社会进入后工业时代,信息成为传播最快的物质,而以传播效果衡量文学的影响,极易导致同质化的产生和消费。
要说明的是,这里提到的“同质化”,不是对文学类畅销书的某些共性进行批判,而是对那些缺乏创作见解、思维固化、依赖既定程式的作品的否定。
新世纪以来的文学类畅销书排行榜上,同质化作品几乎占据榜单的大多数,某一类型的图书一旦进入市场获得成功,相同主题的图书便会顺势而为,蜂拥而至。
作品质量良莠不齐,盲目跟风必然不利于文学类畅销书原创生命的延续。
在一些作家甚至是非职业作家那里,大部分畅销书的重要特征体现在“快速书写”“快速消化”,究其本质,还是为了迎合市场经济的快生产节奏,创作时间短暂是非常普遍的现象,原创性尤其缺乏,市场对畅销书的消费需求和过滤速度迫使作家选择在有规律的叙事结构和语言特色中纳入各式各样的内容,这也是消费端出现类型化的原因。
学年上学期高一第三次月考物理试题(附答案)
杨家坪中学高2019级高一(上)第三次月考物理试卷本卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分110分,时间90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共48分)一、选择题(共12小题,每小题4分,共48分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,1-8题只有一个选项符合题目要求,9-12题有多个选项符合题目要求,全部选对的得4分,选不全的得2分,有选错或不答的得0分)1.下列说法中正确的是( )A .只要物体做直线运动,位移的大小就和路程相等B .只有在物体做直线运动时,其瞬时速度的大小才等于瞬时速率C .只要物体的加速度不为零,它的速度总是在变化的D .平均速率一定等于平均速度的大小2.甲、乙两质点在一直线上做匀加速直线运动的v -t 图象如图所示,在3s 末两质点在途中相遇,两质点出发点间的距离是( )A .甲在乙之前2mB .乙在甲之前2mC .乙在甲之前4mD .甲在乙之前4m3.一只重为G 的蜗牛沿着藤蔓缓慢爬行,如图所示。
若藤蔓的倾角为α,则藤蔓对蜗牛的作用力大小为( )A .G sin αB .G cos αC .G tan αD .G4.如图所示,质量为M 的框架放在水平地面上,一轻质弹簧上端固定在框架上,下端固定一个质量为m 的小球,小球上下振动时,框架始终没有跳起,当框架对地面压力为零的瞬间,小球的加速度大小为( )A. gB. g m mM - B. C. 0 D.g mmM + 5.2012年12月15日“嫦娥二号”在700万公里深空成功近距离飞越图塔蒂斯小行星后,继续向更远的深空飞行,下面关于飞船与火箭上天的情形正确的是( )A .火箭尾部向外喷气,喷出的气体反过来对火箭产生一个反作用,从而让火箭获得了向前的推力B.火箭尾部喷出的气体对空气产生一个作用力,空气的反作用力使火箭获得飞行的动力C.火箭飞出大气层后,由于没有了空气,火箭虽然向后喷气,但也无法获得前进的动力D.飞船进入运行轨道之后,与地球之间不再存在作用力与反作用力6.某同学在学习了动力学知识后,绘出了一个沿直线运动的物体的加速度a、速度v、位移x随时间变化的图象如图所示,若该物体在t=0时刻,初速度均为零,则下列图象中表示该物体沿单一方向运动的图象是()7.第11届全运会蹦床比赛于2009年10月12日在济南奥体中心体育馆拉开帷幕,来自13支代表队的近200名选手向金牌发起冲击,三水籍运动员钟杏平以39分的高分摘得女子蹦床金牌。
高一语文上学期第三次月考试卷及答案
高一语文上学期第三次月考试卷及答案高一也需要通过月考来检测这个月的学习情况,不能掉以轻心。
以下是店铺为您整理的关于高一语文上学期第三次月考试卷及答案的相关资料,希望对您有所帮助。
高一语文上学期第三次月考试卷及答案一、基础知识(每小题3分,共18分)1.依次填入下列各句横线处的成语,最恰当的一组是( )①八月十八的钱塘江不再平静,它掀起了三米多高的巨浪,飞溅起的无数朵浪花发出的响声,犹如万马奔腾,势不可挡。
②严复心系国家和民族的命运,撰写发表一系列政论文章,猛烈抨击封建专制主义,引介西方思想文化,,唤醒国人。
③唐纳德•特朗普这个名字,尽管对我来说是陌生的,对美国的一些人来说却,带来了极大的恐慌。
A.如雷贯耳振聋发聩震耳欲聋B. 震耳欲聋振聋发聩如雷贯耳C.振聋发聩震耳欲聋如雷贯耳D. 震耳欲聋如雷贯耳振聋发聩2.下列各句中加点词语的使用,全都正确的一项是( )①诚信是日常的诚实和正式交流的信用的合称,即待人处事真诚、老实、讲信誉,言必信、行必果,一言九鼎,一诺千金。
②2000年初,他成为“北漂”一族,经历了很长一段时问蜗居地下室、挣不到饭钱的艰苦生活,蹉跎岁月中写出佳作。
③大学生走出象牙之塔,参加社会实践活动,置身坚实的土地.贴近农民的心,才能真切体会舒适的生活多么来之不易。
④“互联网+生活性服务业”创新试验区的规划建设正有序推进,完成这个任务,不能自出机杼,也不能只服务我们本地。
⑤先生之风,山高水长。
虽然老师已退休,不再教我们,但他在许多画展上不断出现的画作依然给我们以形象的教诲。
⑥省委、省政府明确提出把项目工作作为经济工作中提纲挈领、纲举目张的重要抓手,以此扩大有效投资需求。
A.①②④B.①⑤⑥C.②③④D.③⑤⑥3.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是( )A.强调,新形势下的火箭军要深刻把握和认识历史使命,增强忧患意识,加快发展步伐,扎扎实实把战略能力搞上去。
B.漯河市建设车辆违章查询网站的目的是希望司机可以借此契机提高安全驾驶意识,改变不良驾驶习惯,文明出行,安全出行。
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2019级高一生物第三次月考试卷及答案(范围:§1~§5.2)一.选择题(共40题,每题1.5分)1.下图甲、乙依次为蛋白质、核酸的单体结构示意图。
下列叙述错误的是( )A.①可为羧基或氨基,R基的种类决定了单体的种类B.图甲的种类、数量及排列顺序影响蛋白质的多样性C.若④是脱氧核糖,则图乙是SARS病毒核酸的单体D.若⑤是胞嘧啶,则图乙可代表胞嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷酸2.下列关于原核细胞和真核细胞的叙述正确的是( )A.含有叶绿素的细胞一定是真核细胞B.没有核膜和染色体的细胞一定是原核细胞C.有氧呼吸的细胞不可能是原核细胞D.原核生物和真核生物的遗传物质都是DNA 3.如图为苹果成熟期有机物质含量的变化图,相关分析错误的是()A.图中的五种有机物质中最可能含有S的是酶B.每个月采集苹果制备样液,用斐林试剂检测,则10 月的样液砖红色最深C.图中的酶最有可能是淀粉酶,在该酶的作用下,苹果细胞液浓度逐渐变小D.图中五种有机物质中属于单糖的是果糖、葡萄糖4.下列有关细胞中的元素和无机化合物的叙述,正确的是( )A.细胞中常见的化学元素根据作用的大小分为大量元素和微量元素B.组成人体细胞的主要元素中O的含量最多,H次之C.同一种植物中萌发的种子的含水量比休眠种子多D.哺乳动物的血钙太低,会出现肌无力症状5.下列有关细胞结构和功能的叙述正确的是( )A.洋葱根尖分生区细胞中含有DNA的结构有细胞核、线粒体和叶绿体B.原核细胞既不具有生物膜系统,也不具有生物膜C.矿工中常见的“硅肺”是由肺泡细胞中的溶酶体缺乏分解硅尘的酶引起的D.细胞内的囊泡可来自于内质网和高尔基体之外的膜结构6.下图为某蛋白质的相关数据,下列说法正确的是( )A.该蛋白质含有两条肽链B.形成该蛋白质时,相对分子质量减少了2268C.该蛋白质的R基上共有16个氨基D.构成该蛋白质的氨基酸共有142个羧基7.生命的物质基础是组成细胞的元素和化合物,图中序号代表不同的化合物,面积不同代表含量不同,其中Ⅰ和Ⅰ代表两大类化合物。
请据图分析下列叙述正确的是( )A.若Ⅰ 和Ⅰ 分别代表蛋白质和脂质,则Ⅰ 代表核酸B.上述物质中氧原子含量最高的化合物是ⅠC.医用生理盐水和糖溶液中的溶质分别属于Ⅰ 和ⅠD.细胞干重和鲜重中含量最多的分别是Ⅰ 和Ⅰ8.蝎毒“染色剂”氯代毒素是由蝎子毒液中的一种蛋白质制成的,它可以选择性地绑定在癌细胞上,使癌症手术更加容易和有效。
下列关于这种“染色剂”说法不正确的是( ) A.蝎毒“染色剂”的化学成分中含有C、H、O、N等大量元素B.氯代毒素能选择性地绑定在癌细胞上,可能与癌细胞细胞膜表面的糖蛋白有关C.患者不能用口服的方法摄入这种“染色剂”D.这种染色剂的加工、分泌涉及的细胞器有核糖体、内质网、高尔基体、线粒体等9.下列选项中不符合含量关系“c=a+b,且a>b”的是( )A.a非必需氨基酸种类、b必需氨基酸种类、c人体蛋白质的氨基酸种类B.a各细胞器的膜面积、b细胞核的膜面积、c生物膜系统的膜面积C.a线粒体的内膜面积、b线粒体的外膜面积、c线粒体膜面积D.a叶肉细胞的自由水、b叶肉细胞的结合水、c叶肉细胞总含水量10.如图是达到平衡的渗透装置,半透膜仅允许单糖分子通过,此时漏斗内(S1)和漏斗外(S2)为两种不同浓度的蔗糖溶液,液面的高度差为h,初始时漏斗内、外液面相平。
下列说法正确的是()A.初始时水分子从S1到S2的速率小于S2到S1的速率B.此时漏斗内外液体浓度大小关系为S1小于S2C.若向漏斗内加入蔗糖酶,则h逐渐变大直至重新达到平衡D.若漏斗内外是不同浓度的硝酸钾溶液,平衡时S1的浓度大于S2的浓度11.下列细胞结构与对应功能表述正确的是( )A.中心体仅由两个相互垂直的中心粒构成,与细胞的有丝分裂有关B.生物膜系统是由生物体内的膜在结构和功能上相互联系构成的C.核仁与核糖体的形成密切相关,没有核仁的细胞无法形成核糖体D.叶绿体、线粒体、核糖体、细胞核等细胞结构中能通过化学反应产生水12.下图为以某种动物受精卵为材料进行的三组实验,有关分析正确的是( )A.实验①、②、③的结果可说明细胞核和细胞质相互依存,缺一不可B.实验②和实验③对比,可说明细胞质对维持细胞正常生命活动的重要性C.实验①和实验③对比,可说明细胞核对维持细胞正常生命活动的重要性D.实验③的结果可说明细胞核是细胞代谢和遗传的控制中心13.地球上瑰丽的生命画卷,在常人看来是芸芸众生,千姿百态.但是在生物学家的眼中,它们却是富有层次的生命系统。
下列各组合中,能体现生命系统的层次由简单到复杂的正确顺序是()①肝脏②血液③神经元④蓝藻⑤细胞内各种化合物⑥病毒⑦同一片草地上的所有山羊⑧某池塘中的所有鱼⑨一片森林⑩某农田中的所有生物A.⑤⑥③②①④⑦⑩⑨ B.③②①④⑦⑩⑨ C.③②①④⑦⑧⑨ D.⑤②①④⑦⑩⑨14.用差速离心法分离出某动物细胞的三种细胞器,经测定其中三种有机物的含量如图所示。
以下有关说法正确的是( )A.细胞器甲是线粒体,是蛔虫有氧呼吸的场所B.细胞器乙只含有蛋白质和脂质,可能与分泌蛋白的加工和分泌有关C.若细胞器丙不断从内质网上脱落下来,不会影响分泌蛋白的合成D.醋酸杆菌细胞与此细胞共有的细胞器可能有甲和丙15.如图为物质X的合成与分泌过程,甲、乙、丙、丁、戊表示细胞结构,下列说法中正确的是( )A.图示过程不仅体现生物膜系统在功能上的联系而且体现在结构上的联系B.图示过程的实现只依赖于生物膜上的脂质分子的运动C.在分泌蛋白的合成过程中,乙的膜面积增加、丁的膜面积减少D.图示过程也能发生在原核细胞中16.用绿色荧光染料标记细胞膜上的蛋白质,待荧光分布均匀后,在细胞膜上选定需进行漂白的部位,用激光照射使荧光分子内部结构发生不可逆改变,从而使此部位的荧光消失。
一段时间后,漂白部位荧光会有一定程度的恢复。
下列有关叙述错误的是( ) A.细胞膜的主要成分是磷脂和蛋白质B.漂白部位荧光的恢复是因为被标记蛋白质恢复空间结构C.漂白部位荧光一定程度的恢复是因为细胞膜具有流动性D.根据荧光恢复速度可推算细胞膜中蛋白质分子运动速度17.下图曲线表示完全相同的两个植物细胞分别放置在a、b溶液中,细胞失水量的变化情况。
相关叙述不正确的是( )A.该实验可选取绿色植物成熟的叶肉细胞来进行B.若b溶液的浓度稍减小,则曲线中B点左移C.两条曲线的差异是由于a、b溶液浓度不同导致D.6 min时取出两个细胞用显微镜观察,均可看到质壁分离现象18.图a、c表示细胞中的两种结构,b是它们共有的特征。
下列有关叙述正确的是()A.若b表示双层膜结构,则a、c肯定是叶绿体和线粒体B.若b表示细胞器中含有的核酸,则a、c肯定是叶绿体和线粒体C.若b表示产生水分子的生理过程,则a、c不可能是核糖体和高尔基体D.若b表示磷脂,a、c肯定不是核糖体和中心体19.根据细胞的功能推测,下列叙述中错误的是( )A.唾液腺细胞比心肌细胞具有更多的高尔基体B.吞噬细胞比红细胞具有更多的溶酶体C.植物根尖分生区细胞比叶肉细胞具有更多的叶绿体D.合成性激素的卵巢细胞比皮肤的表皮细胞具有更多的内质网20.研究发现,某些植物在遭受干旱和盐碱等非致死性逆境袭击时,细胞内的可溶性单糖和氨基酸的含量有明显提高,下列推理或分析不合理的是( )A.有机物的种类也会增加B.此过程中细胞内的自由水与结合水的比值降低C.该现象可能与细胞内淀粉酶、蛋白酶的活性增强有关D.细胞液的浓度增加,使细胞的渗透吸水能力下降21.下列关于“用高倍显微镜观察叶绿体和线粒体”实验的描述,错误的是( )A.用健那绿染液染色后的人的口腔上皮细胞中呈蓝绿色的是线粒体B.经过健那绿染色的线粒体仍然可以维持活性C.观察叶绿体时,制作菠菜的叶肉细胞临时装片要随时保持有水的状态D.高倍镜下能观察到叶绿体的外膜、内膜、基粒等结构22.下列有关糖类的叙述,正确的是()A.糖类分子中氢原子数与氧原子数之比都为2:1B.淀粉、纤维素、蔗糖的彻底水解产物相同,都是葡萄糖C.糖类是主要的能源物质,也可作为遗传物质的组成成分D.由C、H、0三种元素组成的化合物都是糖类分子23.下列有关脂质的叙述,错误的是A.与糖类分子相比,等质量的脂肪含氢量多,含氧量少B.胆固醇可参与构成动物细胞膜,也可参与人体血液中脂质的运输C.维生素D能有效地促进人和动物肠道对钙和磷的吸收D.只有动物细胞中含有脂肪,脂肪可被苏丹Ⅲ染液染成橘黄色24.生物体内的某些化合物只含有C、H,0、N、P五种元素,下列关于这类化合物的叙述,错误的是A.可在叶绿体中检测到这类化合物B.可作为细胞膜及细胞器膜的组成成分C.可作为生命活动遗传信息的携带者D.帮助人体抵御病菌和病毒等抗原的侵害25.下列有关核酸的叙述,正确的是A.水稻叶肉细胞中含有A、T、G三种含氮碱基的核苷酸共有5种B.在化学组成上,DNA与RNA所含有的五碳糖及含氮碱基完全不同C.脱氧核苷酸、核糖核苷酸分别被甲基绿、吡罗红染成红色与绿色D.真核生物细胞中DNA只分布在细胞核中,RNA只分布在细胞质中26.下列有关蛋白质的叙述,正确的是A.每种蛋白质水解后都能得到20种氨基酸B.煮熟的鸡蛋清不能与双缩脲试剂产生紫色反应C.氨基酸种类和数量相同的蛋白质其功能也相同D.用NaCl溶液处理蛋白质不会导致其丧失生物活性27.下列有关氨基酸和蛋白质的叙述,正确的是A.蛋白质结合Mg“形成的血红蛋白具有运输氧气的功能B.环状肽中可能不含S元素,但至少含有一个游离的氨基和一个游离的羧基C.某蛋白质由n个氨基酸、m条肽链组成,该蛋白质至少含有的氮原子个数是nD.蛋白质中氨基酸的脱水缩合方式不同,氨基酸脱水缩合后形成的产物也不同28.下列有关教材实验的叙述,正确的是A.蛋白质的检测与观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布实验均需用水浴加热B.组织样液中滴加斐林试剂并水浴加热后产生砖红色沉淀说明组织样液中含有葡萄糖C.观察线粒体的形态和分布时需用高倍显微镜,而观察叶绿体的形态和分布时不需要D.观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布时,应选择染色均匀、色泽浅的区域进行观察29.下列有关线粒体、叶绿体的叙述,正确的是A.二者存在于植物的各个细胞中B.二者具有的核酸种类相同C.二者都含有光合色素和蛋白质D.二者进行观察时均需染色30.下列有关细胞结构与功能的叙述,正确的是A.含有核酸的细胞器一定含有蛋白质但不一定含有磷脂B.具有色素的细胞器都具有双层膜结构并能进行光合作用C.肺炎双球菌通过核孔能实现核质之间频繁的物质交换D.光学显微镜下可以观察到核糖体附着在内质网上31.下列关于细胞结构和功能的叙述,错误的是A.性激素主要是由内质网上的核糖体合成B.囊泡可以由内质网向高尔基体转运C.脂质中的磷脂是构成细胞膜的重要物质,所有细胞都含有磷脂D.线粒体、核糖体、中心体、高尔基体在低等植物细胞分裂过程中起重要作用32.根瘤菌是能促使植物异常增生的一类好氧型细菌。