自考英语(一)English_jy03021

Text BＴhe MoonNew Wordsremain vi. 1.仍然是，依旧是；2.剩下，余留for example:1.In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best of friends.尽管他们吵过架，却仍不失为最好的朋友。

2.He remained silent.他保持沉默。

另外remain还可以表示剩余、余留的意思for example:After the war, very little remained of Iraq.observation n. 注意，观察；观察物observation 的原形--- observe 观察的意思continually ad. 不停地，频频地gravitational a. 吸引作用的，万有引力的，地心引力的diameter n. 直径disc n. 1.圆盘；2.唱片，磁盘artist n. 艺术家，美术家merely ad. 仅仅，只不过reflect vt. 反射，反映vi. 思考，考虑（on, upon）absolutely ad. 1.完全地，绝对地；2.肯定地uncomfortably ad. 不舒适地，不安地uncomfortably的原形comfortinhabitant n. 居民，住户earthlight n. 地球光moonlight n. 月光lunar a. 月亮的occasionally ad. 偶尔地，间或sunlight n. 日光，太阳光Phrases and Expressionsexcept for 除了…外；除去；撇开except for与except的相同点：都是除了…外的意思；不同点：1.except 是一个简单介词，except for是一个短语；2.except 在句中作形容词时前后的成份属于同一事物，句子的重心是放在后面的特殊情况上，except for 前后不属于同一事物，表意是除了一点小的不足，其它大的方面都…，句子的重心是放在前面大部分事物上。

for example:Everyone of them agreed to his proposal except her.His composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes.3.except 后面可以跟从句，而except for则不可以。

for example:The retired old man often walks with a stick by the canal everyday except when it rains.4.except 后面接动词时通常用省略"to"的动词不定式，而except for多接名词或名词短语。

for example:She could do nothing except sit to cry.The room was actually empty except for bench.另外，besides和in addition to 表意是一致的，都是"除了…之外，还…"，也就是说，它们前后的内容都是包括在内的，例如：This morning I had some bread besides a cup of milk.（今天早上，我吃了一些面包，还喝了一杯牛奶）这和except 以及except for 不同。

to keep … in mind记住to light up 使明亮，发亮to speak of 谈起，提到for example:Can we speak of the plan for the summer holiday?The moon（世界上独一无二的东西前+the）We find that the moon is about 239,000 miles (384,551 km) away from the earth, and, to within a few thousand miles, its distance always remains the same.（我们发现月亮大约是在离地球二十三万九千英里远的地方，（三十八四千五百五十一公里），并且在几千英里以内的地方，它的距离通常是保持不变的。

）to within 中的to表示到…地方，within表示在…里remains the same 保持不变Yet a very little observation shows that the moon is not standing still.（也有观察显示，月亮并不是静静地呆在一个地方） Its distance from the earth remains the same, but its direction continually changes.（它到地球的距离是保持不变的，但是方向却时刻在变化）continue = go on 一直在（发生）We find that it is traveling（运行）in（以…形式） a circle ----or very nearly a circle ----round the earth, going completely round once a month, or, more exactly, once every 27 1/3 days. （月亮通常是以一种圆的形式或者接近圆的形式来绕着地球运转，它是以每月一次的形式绕着地球完完全全地转一圈，准确地说是每二十七又三分之一天绕地球转一周）It is our nearest neighbour in space, and like ourselves it is kept tied to the earth by the earth's gravitational pull.Except for the sun, the moon looks the biggest object in the sky. Actually it is one of the smallest, and only looks big because it is so near to us. Its diameter is only 2,160 miles (3,389) ,or a little more than a quarter of the diameter of the earth.Once a month, or, more exactly, once every 29 1/2 days, at the time we call "full moon," its whole disc looks bright. （每月一次或者更确切地说大约是每二十九又二分之一天一次，在那个时候称月亮为"满月"，此时月亮的整个盘面看起来是非常明亮的）At other times only part of it appears bright, and we always find that this is the part which faces towards the sun, while the part facing away from the sun appears dark. （在其他一些时候，月亮只有一小部分看上去是明亮的，并且我们总会发现面对着太阳的那部分是亮的，而背对太阳的那部分看上去是黑色的）While 在这里不是表示什么时候，它的表意是使前后作对比。

For example: my brother is doing some reading, while I am watching TVArtists could make their pictures better if they kept this in mind----only those parts of the moonwhich are lighted up by the sun are bright. This shows that the moon gives no light of its own.（如果画家们能记住这一点，那么他们的画会变得更漂亮---那就是只有被太阳照亮的部分才是明亮的，这就表明了月亮本身是不会发光的。

）give light of its own 自身发光It merely reflects the light of the sun, （它仅仅是反射了太阳的光）like a huge mirror hung in the sky.（月亮就像一面被悬挂在天空中的巨大的镜子）hang 的一种分词形式是hung（不规则变化），表示悬挂（物体）；一种是hanged（规则变化）表示人被悬挂。

Yet the dark part of the moon's surface is not absolutely black; generally it is just light enough for us to be able to see its outline, so that we speak of seeing "the old moon in the new moon's arms. "（然而月亮表面的黑暗部分并不是绝对的黑暗，通常它能够亮到使我们看到月亮的轮廓，所以此时我们会说看到了一种 "新月抱旧月"的现象）The light by which we see the old moon does not come from the sun, but from the earth.（我们能够看到的来自旧月亮的光并不是来自于太阳，而是来自于地球） We know well how the surface of the sea or of snow, or even of a wet road, may reflect uncomfortably much of the sun's light on to our faces.（我们大家都很清楚，对于海面、雪的表面甚至于比较潮湿的路面，都有可能把太阳光反射到人们脸上，给我们造成一种很不舒服的感觉） In the same way the surface of the whole earth reflects enough of the sun's light on to the face of the moon for us to be able to see the parts of it which would otherwise be dark.（与此同时，地球表面也能反射足够多的太阳光到月亮上，所以能看到月亮上本来黑暗的那部分）on to 到…上otherwise 否则If there were any inhabitants of the moon, they would see our earth reflecting the light of the sun, again like a huge mirror hung in the sky. （如果在月亮上也有一些居民的话，他们也会看到地球在反射太阳光，同样，月球人也会看到地球像一面巨大的镜子悬挂在天空上）there were 属于一种假设，虚拟语气They would speak of earthlight just as we speak of moonlight.（他们也会像我们谈论月亮光一样谈论地球光）as 像…一样"The old moon in the new moon's arms" is nothing but that part of the moon's surface on which it is night, lighted up by earthlight. （"新月抱旧月"现象仅仅是本应是夜里的月亮表面被地球光照亮了）on +which 引导定语从句和 lighted up by earthlight 一起来修饰"surface"In the same way, the lunar inhabitants would occasionally see part of our earth in full sunlight, and the rest lighted only by moonlight;（同样月球上的居民也会偶尔看到地球的一部分处于完全的太阳光照射下，而其他部分被月亮光照亮）lunar 月亮的；阴历的the lunar New Year 新年solar 太阳的；阳历的solar power 太阳能occasionally 偶尔…；间或…now and then ；at times与occasionally的表意是一致的They might call this " the old earth in the new earth's arms. "（此时他们会称之为新地球抱旧地球）Vocabulary Exercises（p78）II. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1.Most shops _____ open till eight o'clock in the evening. (C.)大多数商店都会持续营业到晚间八点。