中考英语常考易错点专题十四 简单句

专题十四简单句

易错清单

一、陈述句的否定结构

1. 含有have的否定句

(1) have当“拥有,所有”讲时,其否定形式有两种。如:

I have an e-dictionary. 我有一个电子词典。

可改为:I don't have an e-dictionary. (√)

I have not an e-dictionary. (√)

(2) have作“吃、喝、玩、度过”讲时,其否定形式借助于助动词do。如:

I had milk for breakfast this morning. (变否定句) →I didn't have milk for breakfast this morning.

(3) have为助动词时,其否定形式为haven't。如:

I have visited Diaoyu Island. (变否定句) →I haven't visited Diaoyu Island.

2. 注意以下几种情况:

(1)含有all, both, each, every, both...and...等的肯定句加not变为否定句后,只表示部分否定;若表示全部否定,则需分别用no, no one, nobody, none, neither, neither...nor...等词替换上述词。如:

Both Mary and Joan are students

→Neither Mary nor Joan is a student.

(2)含有already (已经),too (也)的肯定句加not变为否定句时,要分别把already和too改为yet和either。如:

He has already seen the movie. (变为否定句) →He hasn't seen the movie yet.

I want to go for a picnic, too. (变否定句) →I don't want to go for a picnic,either.

(3)含有almost, many, much, often等词的肯定句可直接用never (hardly),few, little, seldom变为否定句,而不用加not。如:

He always stays up late in the evening. (变为否定句) →He never (hardly) stays up late in the evening.

There is much food in the fridge. (变为否定句)→There is little food in the fridge.

3. 当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时,若要否定宾语从句,应注意否定转移现象。如:

I think you are right. 我认为你是对的。

I don't think you are right. 我认为你不对。

二、一般疑问句的回答

一般情况下,含有情态动词的一般疑问句,回答时应用与问句相

同的词,但有时也用其他情态动词来回答。

用情态动词may提问时,否定回答用mustn't, can't, may not。

如:

—May I smoke here?——我可以在这儿吸烟吗?

—Yes, you may. ——是的,可以。

—No, you mustn't. ——不,绝对不可以。

—No, you can't. ——不,不可以。

提分策略

简单句的基本句型各有特色。例如:反意疑问句由“陈述句+简单问句”构成;感叹句由what或how引导;祈使句由动词原形开头等。考生要熟记简单句的各种句型,积累一些经典句型。根据句型特点解答有关试题。

【例】(2014·福建福州·32)—foggy day!

—Something must be done to solve the haze problem.

A. How

B. What

C. What a

【解析】本题考查感叹句的用法。因为这里是形容词foggy后面加单数名词day, 用what来引导。所以选C。

【答案】 C

2. 通过语境判断答案解题过程中,考生要正确理解句意,根据语境,将答案代入题干,然后做出正确选择。

【例】(2014·江苏苏州·2)—do you go to the sports club?

—At least once a week.

A. How long

B. How often

C. How much

D. How far

【解析】本题考查疑问词的用法。根据下句的回答“至少每周一次”,所以可知上句问的是动作发生的频率,所以上句的疑问词是how often。

【答案】 B

专项训练

1. (2014·内蒙古赤峰·37)—Have you heard of Zhang Lili? She was seriously hurt in an accident in order to save one of her students.

— good teacher!

A. How

B. What

C. What a

D. What an

2. (2014·江苏常州·28)—Millie hardly did the housework after she bought the robot, ?

—. She could relax and have time for her hobbies.

A. did she; Yes

B. didn't she; No

C. didn't she; Yes

D. did she; No

3. (2014·山东德州·20)He's still not understood by his close friend although he has said sorry to him, ?

A. hasn't he

B. has he

C. isn't he

D. is he

4. (2013·四川成都)— do you surf the Internet,