2015年9月26日雅思阅读预测
2015年全年雅思写作机经完整版
Flow Many schools encourage students to evaluate and criticize their teachers in order to improve the quality of education while others say this will lead to the loss of respect for teachers。Discuss both views and give your opinion. 5 月 21 日 Bar Nowadays,men and women in many countries decide to have babies at an older age.What are the reasons?What effects does this trend have on society and family life? 5 月 30 日 Bar Most countries believe that international tourism have hamful effects.Why do they think so?How to change their views? 6月6日 Map Some people prefer to provide help and support directly to those in their local communtiy who need it .Others, however prefer to give money to mational and international charithable organizations.Discuss both views and give your opinion. 6 月 13 日 Mixed(bar+pie) Because of traffic and housing problems in the cities,the government encourages business move to the rural area.Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? 6 月 18 日 Table In some counteies,a high proprtion of criminal acts are committed by
历年雅思写作真题
2015年1 月10日雅思写作真题The leaders directors of organizations are often older people. But some people say that young people can also be a leader. What do you think?2015年1月17日雅思写作真题Some people think that the amount of noise people make have to be controlled strictly, others say that people are free to make as much noise as they wish. Discuss both view and give your opinion.2015年1月29日雅思写作真题Currently, some scientists or travelers like to travel to remote natural environment such as south pole, do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.2015年1月31日雅思写作真题Some people argue that too much attention and too many resources are given to protection wild animals and birds. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年2月7 日雅思写作真题Many museums and historical sites are mainly visited by tourists, not local people. Why? What can be done to attract local people?2015年2 月12 日雅思写作真题Some people think that the age limit for driving should be increased in order to make driving safer. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年2月14日雅思写作真题The use of mobile phone is as antisocial as smoking. Smoking is banned in certain places so mobile should be banned like smoking.To what extend do agree or disagree?2015年2月28日雅思写作真题Some students take one year off between finishing school and going to university, in order to travel or to work. Do you think advantages outweigh disadvantages?2015年3月12日雅思写作真题some people think that it is more important to plant more trees in open area which in towns and cities than build more housing. To what extend do agree or disagree?2015年3月14日雅思写作真题Some working parents believe childcare centers can provide best care for their children, others believe that family members like grandparents can do a better job. Discuss both sides and give your opinion?2015年3 月21 日雅思写作真题Some people believe famous people's support towards international aids organizations draws the attentions to problems. Others think celebrities make the problems less important. Discuss bothsides and give your opinion?2015年3月28 日雅思写作真题Some people say that communication by using computers and phones will have side effects on young people's writing and reading skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年4月11 日雅思写作真题Older people who need employment have to compete with younger people. What problems will be caused? And what are the solutions?2015年4月18日雅思写作真题Some people think only best students should be rewarded, others think we should reward students who make progress.2015年4月25 日雅思写作真题Young people who commit serious crimes, such as a rubbery or a violent attack should be punished in the same way as adults. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年4 月30日雅思写作真题how important it is for individuals and countries to think about the future，rather than focusing on the present?2015年5 月9 日雅思写作真题Development of technology cause environmental problems. Some people think people should choose a simpler way of life. Others think that we should use technology tosolve these problems. Discuss both views and give your opinion.2015年5 月16日雅思写作真题To improve the quality of education, people think that we should encourage our students to evaluate and criticise their teachers. Others believe that it will result in a loss of respect and discipline in the classroom. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.2015年5 月21 日雅思写作真题In some countries around the world men and women are having children late in life. What are the reasons for this development? What are the effects on society and family life?2015年5月30 日雅思写作真题Some people think that it is more important to plant more trees in open area which in towns and cities than build more housing. To what extend do agree or disagree?2015年6月6 日雅思写作真题Some people think only best students should be rewarded; others think we should reward students who show improvement. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.Because of traffic and housing problems in the cities，the government encourages business to move to the rural area. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?2015年6月18 日雅思写作真题Some people believe famous people's support towards international aids organizations draws the attentions to problems. Others think celebrities make the problems less important. Discuss both sides and give your opinion?2015年6月27 日雅思写作真题Many people nowadays don't feel safe either at home or out.What are the reasons?And what can we do to solve this problem?2015年7月4日雅思写作真题It has been suggested that all young adults should be required toundertake a period of unpaid work helping the people in the community.Would the drawbacks be greater than benefits to the community and theyoung adults themselves?2015年7月11日雅思写作真题Some people think that advertising discourages us from being different individuals, as all people want to do the same and look the same. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年7月23日雅思写作真题Some people say government should give the health care the first priorites ，some others believe there are more important priorities to spend the tax payers' money. Discuss.2015年7月25日雅思写作真题As well as making money, businesses should also have social responsibilities. Do you agree or disagree?2015年8月1日雅思写作真题The natural resources such as oil, forests and fresh water are being consumed at an alarming rate. What problems does it cause? How can we solve these problems?2015年8月8日雅思写作真题Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later. Some people think that they are the best people to talk to school students about the danger of committing a crime. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年8月13日雅思写作真题International travel sometimes lead people have some prejudices rather than broad minds，why? How to improve the understanding of countries they visit?Some people regard the increasing business and cultural contact between countries as a positive development. Others, however, feel these leading to loss of national identities. Discuss both views and give your opinion.2015年9月3日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Many people are afraid to leave their homes because of their fear of crimes. Some people believe that more actions should be taken to prevent crime, but others feel that little can be done. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.2015年9月12日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Students in school or university learn more from classes of teachers than other resources (eg Internet or TV), do you agree or disagree?2015年9月19日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Some people think everyone should be a vegetarian, because we do not need to eat meat to have a healthy diet. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年9月26日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2In some countries there is not enough recycling of waste materials (eg. Paper, glass and cans.) What are the reasons and solutions?2015年10月8日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2In some countries, secondary school aims to provide a general education across a range of subjects. In others, children focus on a narrow range of subjects related to a particular career. Which do you think is appropriate in today’s world?2015年10月10日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Some people think governments should focus on reducing environmental pollution and housing problems to help people prevent illness and disease. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年10月24日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Some people say that playing computer games is bad for children in every aspect. Others say that playing computer games can have positive effects on the way children develop. Discuss both views and give your opinion.2015年10月24日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Some people say that playing computer games is bad for children in every aspect. Others say that playing computer games can have positive effects on the way children develop. Discuss both views and give your opinion.2015年10月31日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Some people think people working in creative arts should be financially supported by government. Others think they should find financial support from other resources. Discuss bothsides and give your opinion.2015年11月7日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2A 卷：School leavers g travelling or work before theygo directly to university. Are there more advantages or disadvantages on their study?B 卷：For school children, their teachers have more influence on their intelligence and social development than parents. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年11月14日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2题目A：The best way to teach children to cooperate is through team sports at school. To what extent do you agree or disagree?话题：教育题型：观点类题目B：Consumption of the world’s resources (such as oil, fresh water, etc.) is increasing at a dangerous rate. What are the causes of this increased consumption? What can people do to reduce it?话题：能源题型：报告类2015年11月19日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2A卷The government should spend money in promoting sport and art in school, rather than sponsoring professional sports and art events in communities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?B卷Nowadays, more and more jobs and tasks are done by machines which involve hard physical work. Does these effects of this trend outweigh the negative effects?2015年11月21日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2A卷：In some countries, the role of a mother differs in some ways from the role of a father. Why do you think these differences exist? How might parental roles develop in the future?B卷：Nowadays, most people learn academic study in university, but others think we should encourage to learn vocational skills more, do you agree or disagree?2015年12月3日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Interview is the basic form of selecting procedure for most large companies. Some people think it is unreliable. There are some other better methods. Do you agree or disagree?2015年12月5日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2People are surrounded by many kinds of advertising which can influence their life. Does the positive effect of this trend outweigh negative effects?2015年12月12日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Some people think reading stories in book is better than watching TV or playing computer games for children. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2015年12月19日雅思写作真题之雅思大作文TASK2Some people think that cultural traditions will be destroyed when they are used asmoney-making machines aims at tourists, other people believe that it is the only way to save such conditions in the world today. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.。
2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆【附答案】
2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆今天小编给大家带来的主要内容是2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆，本次考试三篇文章一旧两新,第一篇为旧题,人类行为研究，标题Decision making and happiness,相关真题可参考CST2P2, C9T4P2。
第二篇为新题，研究的是丛林狼coyote ，动物类题材可参考C7T1P1和C9T1P3。
第三篇也是新题，题材为心理学，研究了一系列动物的认知能力，相关题材可参考C7T1P1和C7T3P1。
所以大家一定要看看考题回顾，以便更好地备考接下来的雅思阅读考试。
Passage 1题目:Decision making and Happiness内容：人类行为研究题型：特殊词匹配4 +判断题5 +选择题4参考文章(高亮为高频词汇)Decision making and HappinessA Americans today choose among more options in more parts of life than has ever been possible before. To an extent the opportunity to choose enhances our lives. It is only logical to think that if some choice is good, more is better; people who care about having infinite options will benefit from them, and those who do not can always just ignore the 273 versions of cereal they have never tried. Yet recent research strongly suggests that psychologically, this assumption is wrong. Although some choice is undoubtedly better than none, more is not always better than less.B Recent research offers insight into why many people end up unhappy rather than pleased when their options expand. We began by making a distinction between ’maximisers’(those who always aim to make the best possible choice) and ’satisficers’(those who aim for “good enough, ”whether or not better selections might be out there).C In particular, we composed a set of statements——the Maximization Scale——to diagnose people' s propensity to maximize. Then we had several thousand people rate themselves from 1 to 7 (from *“completely disagree”to “completely agree”) on such statements as “I never settle for second best ’We also evaluated their sense, of satisfaction with their decisions. We did not define a sharp cutoff to separate maximisers from satisficers, but in general, we think of individuals whose average scores are higher than 4 (the scale' s midpoint) as maximisers and those whose scores are lower than the midpoint as satisficers. People who score highest on the test—the greatest maximisers—engage in more product comparisons than the lowest scorers, both before and after they make purchasing decisions, and they take longer to decide what to buy. When satisficers find an item that meets their standards, they stop looking. But maximisers exert enormous effort reading labels, checking out consumer magazines and trying new products. They also spend more time comparing their purchasing decisions with those of others.D We found that the greatest maximisers are the least happy with the fruits of their efforts. When they compare themselves with others, they get little pleasure from finding out that they did better and substantial dissatisfaction from finding out that they did worse. They are more prone to experiencing regret after a purchase, and if theiracquisition disappoints them, their sense of well-being takes longer to recover. They also tend to brood or ruminate more than satisficers do.E Does it follow that maximisers are less happy in general than satisficers? We tested this by having people fill out a variety of questionnaires known to be reliable indicators of well-being. As might be expected, individuals with high maximization scores experienced less satisfaction with life and were less happy, less optimistic and more depressed than people with low maximization scores. Indeed, those with extreme maximization ratings had depression scores that placed them in the borderline clinical range.F Several factors explain why more choice is not always better than less, especially for maximisers. High among these are ^opportunity costs. * The quality of any given option cannot be assessed in isolation from its alternatives. One of the 'costs' of making a selection is losing the opportunities that a different option would have afforded. Thus an opportunity cost of vacationing on the beach in Cape Cod might be missing the fabulous restaurants in the Napa Valley. EARLY DECISION-MAKING RESEARCH by Daniel Katmeman and Amos Tversky showed that people respond much more strongly to losses than gains. If we assume that opportunity costs reduce the overall desirability of the most preferred choice, then the more alternatives there are, the deeper our sense of loss will be and the less satisfaction we will derive from our ultimate decision.G The problem of opportunity costs will be worse for a maximiser than for a satisficer. The latter' s *good enough1* philosophy can survive thoughts about opportunity costs. In addition, the *good enough* standard leads to much less searching and inspection ofalternatives than the maximiser' s “best“standard. With fewer choices under consideration, a person will have fewer opportunity costs to subtractH Just as people feel sorrow about the opportunities they have forgone, they may also suffer regret about the option they settle on. My colleagues and I devised a scale to measure proneness to feeling regret, and we found that people with high sensitivity to regret are less happy, less satisfied with life, less optimistic and more depressed than those with low sensitivity. Not surprisingly, we also found that people with high regret sensitivity tend to be maximisers. Indeed, we think that worry over future regret is a major reason that individuals become maximisers. The only way to be sure you will not regret a decision is by making the best possible one. Unfortunately, the more options you have and the more opportunity costs you incur, the more likely you are to experience regret.I ln a classic demonstration of the power of sunk costs, people were offered season subscriptions to a local theater company. Some were offered the tickets at full price and others at a discount Then the researchers simply kept track of how often the ticket purchasers actually attended the plays over the course of the season. Full-price payers were more likely to show up at performances thandiscount payers. The reason for this, the investigators argued, was that the full-price payers would experience more regret if they did not use the tickets because not using the more costly tickets would constitute a bigger loss. To increase sense of happiness, we can decide to restrict our options when the decision is not crucial For example, make a rule to visit no more than two stores when shopping for clothing.参考答案：Questions 1-4Use the information in the passage to match the category (listed A-D) with descriptions or deeds below. Write the appropriate letters A-D in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.A MaximiserB SatisficerC BothD Neither of them1. finish transaction when the items match their expectation B2. buy the most expensive things when shopping D3. consider repeatedly until they make final decision A4. participate in the questionnaire of the author CQuestions 5-9Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1 In boxes S-9 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement is trueFALSE if the statement is falseNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage5. With the society' s advancement more chances make our lives better and happier. False6. There is difference of findings by different gender classification. Not Given7. The feeling of loss is greater than that of acquisition. True8. 'Good enough' plays a more significant role in pursuing Jbestr standards of maximiser‘False9. There are certain correlations between the * regret* people and the maximisers. TrueQuestions 10-13Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet10. What is the subject of this passage?A. regret makes people less happyB. choices and Well-beingC. an interesting phenomenonD. advices on shopping11. According to conclusion of questionnaires, which of the following statement is correct?A. maximisers are less happyB. state of being optimistic is importantC uncertain results are foundD. maximisers tend to cross bottom line12. The experimental on theater tickets suggested:A. sales are different according to each seasonB. people like to spend on the most expensive itemsC people feel depressed if they spend their vouchersD. people would regret if they failed to spend on discount sales.13. What is author' s suggestion on how to increase happiness:A. focus the final decisionB. be sensitive and smartC. reduce the choice or optionD. read label carefully(仅供参考)Passage 2:题目:Coyote内容：研究丛林狼——数量的变化、人类活动对丛林狼的影响、未来丛林狼的生存问题题型：段落细节匹配5+填空4+选择4题号：新题这是一篇关于coyote郊狼从野外到城市里生存的文章, 郊狼转战城市的原因是森林面积减少, 郊狼食肉动物,而且适应能力极强，而且在狼逐步灭绝的过程中，郊狼已成为顶端动物。
9月26日雅思口语考题回顾
9月26日雅思口语考题回顾雅思考试口语考题回顾考试日期2009.09.26Part 1NameWhat is your full name?Tell me your full name.How would you like me to call you?HometownWhere is your home town?Where are you living now?Where are you living at the moment?CityDo you like the city you live in?Why you choose this town?Which city is your favorite for living in future? Why?Would you move to other cities in the future?ShoppingDo you liking shopping?Why do you like shopping?When was the last time you went shopping?Do you liking shopping alone or with someone else?Do you like shopping? When were you shopping last time?What was the last things that you bought for yourself?Do you like shopping for new clothes?BirthdayHow do Chinese people celebrate their birthdays?What is the special significance of a birthday?How do you friends celebrate their birthdays?How did you celebrate your last birthday？Do Chinese people pay great attention to the Agedbirthdays?Is celebrating birthday important?Are there any difference between children's birthday andadult's birthday?MusicDo you like music?Can you play any musical instruments?What kind of musical instrument do you like?what musical instruments do most of Chinese kids learn? Do you think every school should teach students to play musical instruments?Job / OccupationTell me something about your workWhat's your job?Do you like your work?Are your working or studying?what is your ideal job?why do you like your current job so much?StudyWhat's your major?Why do you choose the major?What do you think of your major?Do you like your major?Did you choose the major by yourself?Do you like your course? Is it difficult? Why?Is it difficult for you to hunt for a job after graduation? Have you had any training before?Do you want to train in the future?What course do you want to study in the future?TransportationWhat kind of transportation do you usually take any why? Do you have Driver's License?Do you think people should learn driving?What should people be careful when they're driving?DrivingCan you drive?Do you drive?Is it important to drive very well?At what age do your want your children to learn driving skills? Why?Apartment and HouseDo you like the place you currently live in?TVWhat kind of TV programme do you like?Do you often watch TV?AdvertisementWhat kind of advertisement do you like?Does advertisement influence people's life?Do you often buy something after wathching ads? Why?Is advertisement popular in your country?Is the advertisement on TV and Magazine different?FriendIs it good to have friends?How often do you meet with your friends?Do you prefer inviting friends to your home or hanging out? Do you love to spend time with your friends?Where do you usually go with your friends?ActivitiesWhat do you usually do in leisure time?How do you spend your weekends?What kinds of activities do you like for relaxation?What do you usually do in the evening?ReadingDo you like reading?How much time do you spend in reading?When you were a child, what kind of book did you like to read?When / where do you read?What kind of book do you like best?When you were young, did you like to read?What book did you read recently?What kind of book do you think today's children like to read?I s there any different on reading between men and women? Can parents help their children on choosing books?SportsDo you like swimming?Is swimming very popular in China?Do you think young children should be taught to swim atschool?Have you ever had swimming class at school?Is it necessary to learn swimming?FoodDo you like vegetable or fruit? Why?Do you eat vegetable or fruit every day?Is it convenient to to get fresh vegetables and fruits?PaintingDo you like paint?Do Chinese children like drawing?Have you ever attended drawing class?WeatherDo you often talk about weather in your daily life?Computer / InternetDo you often play computer games?When was the first time you used the Internet?What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet?What do you usually do on the Internet?Part 2&3PlaceDescribe a small shop you often goWhere is the shopWhat does it look like?What products it sells.Why do you often go to the shopHow do you look upon online shopping?Are there any changes in the way people shop today and thepast.Is there any difference between the shopping habits of theold and young?What is the difference between going to the shopping malland going to a small shop?Describe a place near the water that you always visitedWhat are you doing there? With whom?Why do you often go there?What do Chinese people usually do by a lake or sea?What are the causes of scarcity of water resource?What do you think of the water problem in China?Can people directly drink the tap water in China?Describe an overseas place you would like to visitHow do you know about this city?Wether your wish of living abroad come true or not in the near future?What kind of jobs do you wish to do in this city?Why do so many people want to migrate?What problems that migrants would face when living abroad?Will children living abroad learn English faster than in China? Why does the world globalize?Describe a restaurantObjectDescribe a perfect climateIs it good if there is only one season all year round?What are the differences of people's living style between cold places and hot placesWhich season is your first choice.Which season do you like? Why?Do you like raining or not? why?How does climate affect people's living habits? How do your friends think of this problem?What are the climate's effects on economic development? How can climate affect a person's mood?what's the difference between people's life habits in the north and south?How do you think the cliamte will affect the human's feeling?Describe a course you world like to learn when you have time.Describe a new thing you want to learn in the future Why do you want to learn it?How are you planning to learn it?Describe a skill you learned recentlyWhat skill is it?How did you learn itWhat kind of skills are useful?Do you think women has to learn skills?Should high school train students for work?Describe a successful activity you do in an organisation in the collage or in the work.What do you think is the most important in an organisation? What do children often do in an organisation?Do you think men and women perform the same in an organisation?Too much team works for young children will disable his individual ability or not.What is the most important skill young children must learn in his elementary school?What is the main task of a team leader?Do you think team work is important or not?Is team leaders' main task varies in different teams? Describe a musical instrumentDescribe a jobCan you do the job?Why do you think you are qualified for this job?Would you do the job in the future?Are there any career guide for graduates?What do you consider important when looking for a job?Any advices for young people on starting a career?Why do people want to change jobs?Why didn't people change jobs in the past?What are the advantages of keeping working on a permanent job?How do children choose the right career?Describe a job that you will be good at.What is the job,what kind of things you can do ,what's the difference between the job you are doing.Why do people change jobs?What kind of people can give career advice to you? Describe the last job that you did very quickly.what was it?who told you to do it?how difficult was it?explain what was the result.When you became familiar with a computer for the first time? Do you think computer helps to do work quickly today?For which subjects you search the Internet?What do you think about time management?Do you think parents should be concerned with time management for their children?Do you know any strategy or technique for time management? Can you explain it?Describe a special gift you gave to someoneWhat it is the giftWhere did you buy it?Why is it special?Can gift promote a country's economic growth?Is there any relationship between children and gift?What kind of gifts are normally given to people in business context?Do Chinese people like giving presents?What do you think of giving gift to others?Describe a vehicle you would like to haveWhat kinds of public transportation are available in your city? What are the benefits of public transportation?What measures should be taken to persuade people to use public transport?What do you think of private cars?What measures should be taken to make public transportation more efficient?Describe a film you have seenWhat type is it?What is the storyWhy do you like or dislike itWhat kind of film do people like at your age?What type of movie is popular in China?How do Chinese people look on historical films?Do you like historical films?Do you watch the subtitles when watching English movies?Who is your favourite actor/actress?Do you like watching films in the cinema or at home? Why? Do you see films through DVD disc or download from Internet when you watch movies at home?Describe a book you have read and would like to read againWhy do some books are very popular and people all over the world can read it, while others are less popular?Is there any difference between the books that men and women read? Why?What can reading bring to you except relaxation?What kind of books do children like to read in your country? What are the benefits of reading?What pleasure can adult gain from reading?What is the book about?Why did you read the book first time?What does the book tell you? What did you learn from the book?What kind of book do you like to read?What kind of book should children read before going to school?Describe a group activity you successfully took part inWhat did you do in the group?When did you take part in it?Do you think child should be encouraged to play more team sports or more individual sports?Describe a newspaper or magazineWhich magazine / newspaper is it?What information does it provide?Why do you like reading it?What kind of magazine do you think is bad for young guys? Why?What kind of social groups does the magazine suitable for? Why?Compared with other media, do you think TV has more potential to be memorable for viewers? Why?What kind of media do you prefer? Why?Describe a newspaper or a magazine article you hav e readWhen did you read it?What kind of article is it?What is it about?What kind of magazine do children and young people like most?What kind of magazine do you like?Describe a plan in the futureHow do you make the planWho is involved in this plan?Why to make this plan?What is the benefit of making plan?Do Chinese teachers draw up plans for their students? Describe a motor vehicleWhat is your ideal motor vehicle?How hard to get it?How would you strive for it?What is the advantage of having private cars?How to improve people's awareness of using public transportation?Describe a science lectureHow do you learn science?When and where do you learn it?What do you do in science class?What have you learned from the lecture?Which part of this course do you dislike?What science course did you learn in primary school? What did you learn?At what age should students start to learn science?Do you think it is significance for primary students to learn science?Will more boys choose studying science than girls?Describe family photosCan the photos become an art?What is the difference between good photos and bad photos?Describe a useful skill you have learned recentlyIs the school knowledge useful?How does the school knowledge affect people's work ability?Describe a picnicWhat kind of food is considered to be healthy food?EventDescribe a happy event in your childhoodWhy do parents talk about their children with others.What are the influences of good memory and bad memory? How can people obtain childhood memory?Describe a time that a person helped youDescribe a recent event that has made you happyWhat is it?When was it happenWhy did it make you happy?Do you think friendship is important?Which one is more important, money or friendship?What is the happiest thing in your life?What is the relationship between money and happiness? There is only one child in each family, do old people feel happy?PersonDescribe a winner of a competitionWhat is the benefit of having competition?Do you think failure in competition may be laughed at by others?What type of competition is helpful?Describe an intelligent personWho is the person?When was the first time you realized he/she is a smart person?Are there any ways that can make a person become wise? How to help a child become clever?Can TV programs make children become intelligent?What kind of games can make children more intelligent? Compared with people in the past, do people become more intelligent? Why?最权威的国际教育服务平台资料来源：教育优选 / Do you think wise people are happier?Is it possible that future generation become more intelligent?。
2015年9月GRE等价预测机经首发版
2015年9月GRE等价预测机经首发版今天为考生分享最新发布的是2015年9月GRE等价预测机经首发版。
本次机经为阅读机经。
主要适用于9月份的GRE考试，内容包含大量完整等价题目、答案和解析，帮助考生完美应对GRE考试。
201508291. As____ from Japan, he was called upon to answer questions about the Japanese government'sposition on various issues.A. a plenipotentiaryB. a tyroC. a legateD. an anchoriteE. an asceticF. a sybarite答案：A C2. While the group's street protests assumed an assertory uncompromising tenor, once admitted tothe halls of power to begin formal lobbying, the group's leadership wisely choseto_____ thestridency of their rhetoric.A. metamorphoseB. gildC. waneD. palliateE. succorF. damp答案：D F3. The women's rights movement has been mostly____ in the Middle East, but it is likely thatactivists will be newly galvanized by the political upheavals currently sweeping the region.A. subvertedB. quiescentC. interminableD. bootlessE. abeyantF. feckless答案：B E4. Debate rages on between proponents of corporal punishment and the death penalty and theirdetractors, though even the most rabid supporter agrees that punishments must be___ and thejustice system evenhanded and thorough.A. meetB. clementC. delimitedD. condignE. tantamountF. merciful答案：A D201508211. The uniquely human ability to rethink and revise our social arrangements is a weirdblessing, allowing us to create systems that are as likely to ____us as to liberate us.A cheerB shackleC admonishD educateE stifleF enliven参考答案：shackle, stifle2. Although field studies have linked inbreeding to declines among song sparrow populations, some researchers argue that, in nature, inbreeding proves _____as a factor when compared with crushing blows from weather changes.A hazardousB momentousC trivialD significantE precariousF inconsequential参考答案：trivial, inconsequential3. Although the insistence on balancing spending against tax revenues has contributed to the economy's stagnation, unfortunately, the government does not seem likelyto_____ this rigid policy.A initiateB persist inC publicizeD repudiateE continueF recant参考答案：repudiate, recant4. Since it was committed to the idea of science as an international, politically neutral enterprise, the Royal Society of London refused to____ members from enemy nations during world wars of the twentieth century.A. betrayB expelC endorseD oustE sanctionF condemn。
2015年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析五
new weapon to fight cancer1. British scientists are preparing to launch trials of a radical new way to fight cancer， which kills tumours by infecting them with viruses like the common cold.2. If successful， virus therapy could eventually form a third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer， while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects.3. Leonard Seymour， a professor of gene therapy at Oxford University， who has been working on the virus therapy with colleagues in London and the US， will lead the trials later this year. Cancer Research UK said yesterday that it was excited by the potential of Prof Seymour's pioneering techniques.4. One of the country's leading geneticists， Prof Seymour has been working with viruses that kill cancer cells directly， while avoiding harm to healthy tissue. "In principle， you've got something which could be many times more effective than regular chemotherapy，" he said.5. Cancer-killing viruses exploit the fact that cancer cells suppress the body's local immune system. "If a cancer doesn't do that， the immune system wipes it out. If you can get a virus into a tumour， viruses find them a very good place to be because there's no immune system to stop them replicating. You can regard it as the cancer's Achilles' heel."6. Only a small amount of the virus needs to get to the cancer. "They replicate，you get a million copies in each cell and the cell bursts and they infect the tumour cells adjacent and repeat the process，" said Prof Seymour.7. Preliminary research on mice shows that the viruses work well on tumours resistant to standard cancer drugs. "It's an interesting possibility that they may have an advantage in killing drug-resistant tumours， which could be quite different to anything we've had before."8. Researchers have known for some time that viruses can kill tumour cells and some aspects of the work have already been published in scientific journals. American scientists have previously injected viruses directly into tumours but this technique will not work if the cancer is inaccessible or has spread throughout the body.9. Prof Seymour's innovative solution is to mask the virus from the body's immune system， effectively allowing the viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs do - spread through the blood and reach tumours wherever they are. The big hurdle has always been to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours via the bloodstream without the body's immune system destroying them on the way.10. "What we've done is make chemical modifications to the virus to put a polymer coat around it - it's a stealth virus when you inject it，" he said.11. After the stealth virus infects the tumour， it replicates， but the copies do not have the chemical modifications. If they escape from the tumour， the copies will be quickly recognised and mopped up by the body's immune system.12. The therapy would be especially useful for secondary cancers， called metastases， which sometimes spread around the body after the first tumour appears. "There's an awful statistic of patients in the west ... with malignant cancers；75% of them go on to die from metastases，" said Prof Seymour.13. Two viruses are likely to be examined in the first clinical trials：adenovirus， which normally causes a cold-like illness， and vaccinia， which causes cowpox and is also used in the vaccine against smallpox. For safety reasons， both will be disabled to make them less pathogenic in the trial， but Prof Seymour said he eventually hopes to use natural viruses.14. The first trials will use uncoated adenovirus and vaccinia and will be delivered locally to liver tumours， in order to establish whether the treatment is safe in humans and what dose of virus will be needed. Several more years of trials will be needed， eventually also on the polymer-coated viruses， before the therapy can be considered for use in the NHS. Though the approach will be examined at firstfor cancers that do not respond to conventional treatments， Prof Seymour hopes that one day it might be applied to all cancers.Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage？ For questions 1-6 writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage1.Virus therapy， if successful， has an advantage in eliminating side-effects.2.Cancer Research UK is quite hopeful about Professor Seymour’s work on the virus therapy.3.Virus can kill cancer cells and stop them from growing again.4.Cancer’s Achilles’ heel refers to the fact that virus may stay safely ina tumor and replicate.5.To infect the cancer cells， a good deal of viruses should be injected into the tumor.6.Researches on animals indicate that virus could be used as a new way to treat drug-resistant tumors.Question 7-9 Based on the reading passage， choose the appropriate letter from A-D for each answer.rmation about researches on viruses killing tumor cells can be found(A) on TV(B) in magazines(C) on internet(D) in newspapers8.To treat tumors spreading out in body， researchers try to(A) change the body’ immune system(B) inject chemotherapy drugs into bloodstream.(C) increase the amount of injection(D) disguise the viruses on the way to tumors.9.When the chemical modified virus in tumor replicates， the copies(A) will soon escape from the tumor and spread out.(B) will be wiped out by the body’s immune system.(C) will be immediately recognized by the researchers.(D) will eventually stop the tumor from spreading outQuestions 10-13 Complete the sentences below. Choose your answers from the list of words. You can only use each word once.NB There are more words in the list than spaces so you will not use them all.In the first clinical trials， scientists will try to ……10…… adenovirus and vaccinia， so both the viruses will be less pathogenic than the ……11…….These uncoated viruses will be applied directly to certain areas to confirm safety on human beings and the ri ght ……12…… needed. The experiments will firstly be ……13……to the treatment of certain cancersList of Wordsdosage responding smallpox virusdisable natural ones injectdirected treatment cold-like illnesskill patients examinedAnswers Keys：1.答案：FALSE (见第2段：If successful， virus therapy could eventually forma third pillar alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the standard arsenal against cancer， while avoiding some of the debilitating side-effects. Virus therapy 只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。
2015年6月27日雅思阅读机经预测真题
2015年6月27日雅思阅读机经预测真题
2015年6月27日雅思阅读机经预测真题下载地址：
/20150528/jj-mm-627ydjj.html?seo=wenku6.540
2015年6月27日雅思考试即将开始，小马老师精心打造了2015年6月27日雅思阅读机经预测真题，考生可以进入下载地址免费索取下载使用。
2015年6月27日雅思阅读机经预测真题部分内容：
Passage 3：
题材：心理类
题型：配对，选择，判断
文章大意：placebo effect 安慰剂效应
备考建议：心理类话题配上搭配题，这篇文章比较有难度。
搭配题没有顺序，所以学生在做题的时候要有篇章意识，理清文章结构。
心理类文章也是近几个月常考的话题，大家多留意。
assage 3
题材：文化类
题目：The Future of Language
题型：summary4+判断+填空
Passage 2
题材：历史考古类 (旧题)
题目：costal archaeology of Britain
题型：单选，判断，多选
参考答案：
单选：B，C， D
判断题：True， False, True, False, NG, True, True
多选：BDF
备考建议：历史类文章不难理解，且这篇文章的题型都是顺序题型，为我们做题大大降低了难度。
2015年6月27日雅思阅读机经预测真题下载地址：
/20150528/jj-mm-627ydjj.html?seo=wenku6.540。
2015雅思写作真题
2015雅思写作真题1月TASK1图表类型ar chart描述英国2003-2006期间5个不同年龄段人用互联网的比率写作分析2015年第一场考试以柱状图开始，延用传统柱状图的写法，根据年龄段的增长描述柱体变化的趋势和落差以及倍数关系即可。
TASK2作文题目The leadersor directors of organizations are often older people.But some people say that young people can also be a leader.What do you think?题目翻译组织的领导者总是老年人。
但一些人认为年轻人可以胜任。
你怎么看？话题分类社会类题型类别Argumentation写作分析此题与20140712年轻人是否可以在政府机构担当要职很相似。
正文思路大致可从以下几个方面展开：Body1For the young people as the leaders1.to inject fresh vitality for their creative mode of thinking,vigorous energy and enterprising spirit.2.to explore the unknown,assume the responsibility and challenge themselves.3.to less-worry about in terms of personal matters.Body2:against the young people as the leaders1.they are inexperienced and unsophisticated2.they are lack of the long-established influence and hard-earned reputation.词汇参考：1.undertake v承担……2.ranging from A to B从……到……3.jeopardize v危及到……4.be put at risk处于危险5.superiorities n优势6.boom the economy v繁荣经济mit blunder v犯大错8.inject new life into v注入新的活力9.creative mode of thinking n创造性思维10.enterprising spirit进取的精神11vigorous adj充满活力的3月21日Task1地图题The map describes the development of a college campus in1990,2010and2020.由于考情回忆有限，本期小作文范文暂不提供。
2015年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析三
Time to cool it1 REFRIGERATORS are the epitome of clunky technology： solid， reliable and justa little bit dull. They have not changed much over the past century， but then they have not needed to. They are based on a robust and effective idea--draw heat from the thing you want to cool by evaporating a liquid next to it， and then dump that heat by pumping the vapour elsewhere and condensing it. This method of pumping heat from one place to another served mankind well when refrigerators' main jobs were preserving food and， as air conditioners， cooling buildings. Today's high-tech world， however， demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them.2 One set of candidates are known as paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change： attach electrodes to them and they generate a current. This effect is used in infra-red cameras. An array of tiny pieces of paraelectric material can sense the heat radiated by， for example， a person， and the pattern of the array's electrical outputs can then be used to construct an image. But until recently no one had bothered much with the inverse of this process. That inverse exists， however. Apply an appropriate current to a paraelectric material and it will cool down.3 Someone who is looking at this inverse effect is Alex Mischenko， of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film， he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications.4 As to what those applications might be， Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has， nevertheless， set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges and air conditioners. The real money， though， may be in cooling computers.5 Gadgets containing microprocessors have been getting hotter for a long time. One consequence of Moore's Law， which describes the doubling of the number of transistors on a chip every 18 months， is that the amount of heat produced doubles as well. In fact， it more than doubles， because besides increasing in number，the components are getting faster. Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor， so the faster the processor is， the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output. And the frequency has doubled a lot. The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company，Intel， in 1993， ran at 60m cycles a second. The Pentium 4--the last "single-core" desktop processor--clocked up 3.2 billion cycles a second.6 Disposing of this heat is a big obstruction to further miniaturisation and higher speeds. The innards of a desktop computer commonly hit 80℃. At 85℃， they stop working. Tweaking the processor's heat sinks (copper or aluminium boxes designed to radiate heat away) has reached its limit. So has tweaking the fans that circulate air over those heat sinks. And the idea of shifting from single-core processors to systems that divided processing power between first two， and then four， subunits， in order to spread the thermal load， also seems to have the end of the road in sight.7 One way out of this may be a second curious physical phenomenon， the thermoelectric effect. Like paraelectric materials， this generates electricity from a heat source and produces cooling from an electrical source. Unlike paraelectrics， a significant body of researchers is already working on it.8 The trick to a good thermoelectric material is a crystal structure in which electrons can flow freely， but the path of phonons--heat-carrying vibrations that are larger than electrons--is constantly interrupted. In practice， this trick is hard to pull off， and thermoelectric materials are thus less efficient than paraelectric ones (or， at least， than those examined by Dr Mischenko). Nevertheless， Rama Venkatasubramanian， of Nextreme Thermal Solutions in North Carolina， claims to have made thermoelectric refrigerators that can sit on the back of computer chips and cool hotspots by 10℃. Ali Shakouri， of the University of California， Santa Cruz， says his are even smaller--so small that they can go inside the chip.9 The last word in computer cooling， though， may go to a system even less techy than a heat pump--a miniature version of a car radiator. Last year Apple launched a personal computer that is cooled by liquid that is pumped through little channels in the processor， and thence to a radiator， where it gives up its heat to the atmosphere. To improve on this， IBM's research laboratory in Zurich is experimenting with tiny jets that stir the liquid up and thus make sure all of it eventually touches the outside of the channel--the part where the heat exchange takes place. In the future， therefore， a combination of microchannels and either thermoelectrics or paraelectrics might cool computers. The old， as it were， hand in hand with the new.Questions 1-5 Complete each of the following statements with the scientist or company name from the box below.Write the appropriate letters A-F in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.A. AppleB. IBMC. IntelD. Alex MischenkoE. Ali ShakouriF. Rama Venkatasubramanian1. ...and his research group use paraelectric film available from the market to produce cooling.2. ...sold microprocessors running at 60m cycles a second in 1993.3. ...says that he has made refrigerators which can cool the hotspots of computer chips by 10℃.4. ...claims to have made a refrigerator small enough to be built into a computer chip.5. ...attempts to produce better cooling in personal computers by stirring up liquid with tiny jets to make sure maximum heat exchange.Questions 6-9 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage？In boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage6. Paraelectric materials can generate a current when electrodes are attached to them.7. Dr. Mischenko has successfully applied his laboratory discovery to manufacturing more efficient referigerators.8. Doubling the frequency of logical operations inside a microprocessor doubles the heat output.9. IBM will achieve better computer cooling by combining microchannels with paraelectrics.Question 10 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in box 10 on your answer sheet.10. Which method of disposing heat in computers may have a bright prospect？A. Tweaking the processors？heat sinks.B. Tweaking the fans that circulate air over the processor抯 heat sinks.C. Shifting from single-core processors to systems of subunits.D. None of the above.Questions 11-14 Complete the notes below.Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.Traditional refrigerators use...11...pumps to drop temperature. At present，scientists are searching for other methods to produce refrigeration， especially in computer microprocessors....12...materials have been tried to generate temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. ...13...effect has also been adopted by many researchers to cool hotspots in computers. A miniature version of a car ...14... may also be a system to realize ideal computer cooling in the future.Key and Explanations：1. DSee Paragraph 3： ...Alex Mischenko， of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film， he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops...2. CSee Paragraph 5： The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company， Intel，in 1993， ran at 60m cycles a second.3. FSee Paragraph 8： ...Rama Venkatasubramanian， of Nextreme Thermal Solutions in North Carolina， claims to have made thermoelectric refrigerators that can sit on the back of computer chips and cool hotspots by 10℃.4. ESee Paragraph 8： Ali Shakouri， of the University of California， Santa Cruz，says his are even smaller梥o small that they can go inside the chip.5. BSee Paragraph 9： To improve on this， IBM's research laboratory in Zurich is experimenting with tiny jets that stir the liquid up and thus make sure all of it eventually touches the outside of the channel--the part where the heat exchange takes place.6. TRUESee Paragraph 2： ...paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change： attach electrodes to them and they generate a current.7. FALSESee Paragraph 3 (That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications. ) and Paragraph 4 (As to what those applications might be， Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has，nevertheless， set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges？8. FALSESee Paragraph 5： Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor， so the faster the processor is， the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output.9. NOT GIVENSee Paragraph 9： In the future， therefore， a combination of microchannels and either thermoelectrics or paraelectrics might cool computers.10. DSee Paragraph 6： Tweaking the processor's heat sinks ？has reached its limit. So has tweaking the fans that circulate air over those heat sinks. And the idea of shifting from single-core processors to systems？also seems to have the end of the road in sight.11. heatSee Paragraph 1： Today's high-tech world， however， demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them.12. paraelectricSee Paragraph 3： Using commercially available paraelectric film， he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded.13. thermoelectricSee Paragraph 7： ...the thermoelectric effect. Like paraelectric materials，this generates electricity from a heat source and produces cooling from an electrical source. Unlike paraelectrics， a significant body of researchers is already working on it.14. radiatorSee Paragraph 9： The last word in computer cooling， though， may go to a system even less techy than a heat pump--a miniature version of a car radiator.。
【徐州朗阁雅思英语】2015年雅思阅读
出国留学考雅思、新托福、备考大学四六级，就来徐州朗阁 雅思阅读List of Heading做题方法小议朗阁海外考试研究中心朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家在长期的雅思阅读教学中发现，List of Heading（选标题）这类题型被绝大多数同学视作为“洪水猛兽”，往往在做题过程中觉得“心力交瘁”。
但是，事实真的如此吗？有没有快速有效的做题方法呢？今天朗阁专家就带领各位在雅思阅读这个烤炉里经历煎熬的烤鸭们来小议一下怎么才能把List of Heading这种题型做得又快又准确，达到事半功倍的效果。
Tip 1 了解常见学术性文章结构List of Heading（选标题），顾名思义就是去给每个段落选择合适的能够准确概括段落大意的标题。
根据这样的题型特点，为了在做题的时候能够有的放矢，我们不妨来了解一下雅思阅读文章的常见结构。
一般而言，学术性文章的展开有两大类，一类是演绎法(deductive)也就是我们常说的分总结构，另一类是归纳法(inductive) 即总分结构，并且相对而言后者还要更普遍一些。
基于这样的文章结构，去阅读文章的首句、末句就显得直接有效了。
同时，也提醒大家，一篇文章中的某些段落可能存在导入句或者过度句，这时候该段次句往往揭示了这个段落的主要内容。
那么，我们的阅读策略就变成了阅读文章的首句、次句和末句。
接下来，笔者将利用一些真题的例子来帮助大家运用这样的做题方法。
以剑8 Test 2中的Reading Passage 3 Q 27-Q 32为例：首先我们先审题干，也就是Heading的部分，找到关键词后再移步到文章的部分。
下面以第一段为例，带大家一起来实战一下。
（首句、次句和末句已经做了下划线处理）A survey conducted by Anthony Synott at Montreal’s Concordia Unive rsity asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives. It became apparent that smell can evoke strong emotional responses. A scent associated with a good experience can bring a rush of joy, while a foul odour or出国留学考雅思、新托福、备考大学四六级，就来徐州朗阁 one associated with a bad memory may make us grimace with disgust. Respondents to the survey noted that many of their olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations. Such associations can be powerful enough so that odours that we would generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals. The perception of smell, therefore, consists not only of the sensation of the odours themselves, but of the experience and emotions associated with them.划线部分为该段的首句、次句和末句，第一句的主干只有A survey asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives（气味对于受调查者生活的重要性，到底是否重要、为什么重要、怎么重要之类的信息呼之欲出）。
2015年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析一
Sleep medication linked to bizarre behaviourNew evidence has linked a commonly prescribed sleep medication with bizarre behaviours， including a case in which a woman painted her front door in her sleep.UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of odd occurrences， including sleepwalking， amnesia and hallucinations among people taking the drug zolpidem.While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleep disorders， they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at its possible side effects.Zolpidem， sold under the brand names Ambien， Stilnoct and Stilnox， is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug， made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis， were prescribed 674，500 times in 2005 in the UK.A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strangesleepwalking by people taking the medication.Midnight snackIn one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand after painting the front door to her house. Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved，” according to the report.The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency， meanwhile， has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005.The newly reported cases in the UK and Australia add to a growing list of bizarre sleepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries， including reports of people sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case， a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.Hypnotic effectsThere is no biological pathway that has been proven to connect zolpidem with these behaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the brain become less active during deep sleep， the body can still move， making sleepwalking a possibility.The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects， including hallucinations， sleepwalking and nightmares， are more likely in the elderly， and treatment should be stopped if they occur.Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health agencies and drug companies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. They stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.“When people do something in which they’re not in full control it’s always a danger，” says Vera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection， a US network that advocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.Tried and tested“The more reports that come out about the potential side effects of the drug，the more research needs to be done to understand if these are real side effects，”says sleep researcher Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado in Boulder， US.Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange side effects， points out Richard Millman at Brown Medical School， director of the SleepDisorders Center of Lifespan Hospitals in Providence， Rhode Island， US. He says that unlike older types of sleep medications， zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained： some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. Doctors stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a “special concern” for people taking the drug. “It’s a possible rare adverse event，” says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann， adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours “may not necessarily be caused by the drug” but instead result from an underlying disorder. She says that “the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”. The drug received approval in the US in 1993.Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage？In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage1. Ambien， Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.2. The woman’s obesity problem wasn’t resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion of a flight bound for the other side of the Atlantic.5. Zolpidem is the only sleep medication that doesn’t cause addiction.6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an office worker.Question 7-9 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.7. How many cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an official report from Australia？A. 68B. 104C. 182D. 2408. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem？A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.D. Side effects include nightmares， hallucinations and sleepwalking.9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem was well established？A. Kenneth WrightB. Melissa FeltmannC. Richard MillmanD. Vera SharavQuestions 10-13 Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS each in boxes 10-13.10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain？11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients？12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patient advocacy groups？13. What US administration says that it has been investigating the cases relating zolpidem to unusual side effects？Answer keys and explanations：1. TrueSee para.3 from the beginning： Zolpidem， sold under the brand names Ambien，Stilnoct and Stilnox， is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea.2. FalseSee para.1 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolve d”…3. Not GivenSee para.2 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency， meanwhile， has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005. (The time the drug was approved in the UK was not mentioned.)4. TrueSee para.3 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： In one case， a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.5. FalseSee para.2 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： He says that unlike older types of sleep medications， zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.6. Not GivenSee para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained：some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. (No patients as office workers are mentioned in the passage.)7. CSee para.4 from the beginning： A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strange sleepwalking by people taking the medication.8. BSee the sentence in para.2 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects” (The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects， including hallucinations， sleepwalking and nightmares， are more likely in the elderly， and treatment should be stopped if they occur.) and the sentence in para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested” (Doctors “not the product information” stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.)9. BSee para.5 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann … says that “the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”.10. 674，500 (times)See para.3 from the beginning： Various forms of the drug， made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis， were prescribed 674，500 times in 2005 in the UK.11. (a) benzodiazepine-like (hypnotic)See para.1 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects”： The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic (类苯二氮催眠药)that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid.12. risky consequencesSee para.3 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects”： Patient advocacy groups …stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.13. Food & Drug (Administration)See para.4 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.。
2015年9月19日雅思阅读真题回忆
2015年9月19日雅思阅读真题回忆今天小编给大家带来的主要内容是2015年9月19日雅思阅读真题回忆。
Passage 1题材：自然环境题目：How deserts grow题型：判断7+填空6文章大意：沙漠形成的原因，形式及其影响参考答案：1. "desertification"第一次是在DB(地点)使用的NOT GIVEN2. 沙漠化地区占地球表面20%. FALSE3. 沙漠化形成把人们赶到了不适合耕种的地方TRUE4. 多下雨会使土地肥沃NOT GIVEN5. 由于沙漠化人口减少。
FALSE6. NOT GIVEN7. 沙漠化现象在Africa地区要比别的地方严重。
TRUE8. 草的消失由animals造成9. trees destroyed for erosion10. more sunlight was back to the atmosphere.11. evaporation 的量増加了13. dust 和smoke 形成了Particles(答案仅供参考)Passage 2 ：题材：动物类题目：Australia Parrots题型：匹配6+选择3+填空4文章大意：Australia Parrots起源地由于环境的变迁以及现状参考答案：14. one example of one parrot species survive from the change of environment. D15. F16. G17. J18. C19. H20. parrot都分布在哪些地区？C in the continent which split up.21. 关于parrot beaks 哪一项是对的？D22、nesting的确定是什么？D23. one-sixth in Australia24. as early as 16th century25. map maker cartographer26. in 1865，……(答案仅供参考)Passage 3 ：题材：科技类题目：Multitasking题型：单选5+匹配4+判断5参考文章(非考试原文)：Multitasking DebateCan you do them at the same time？Talking on the phone while driving isn't the only situation where we1 re worse at multitasking than we might like to think we are. New studies have identified a bottleneck in our brains that some say means we are fundamentally incapable of true multitasking If experimental findings reflect real-world performance，people who think they are multitasking are probably just underperforming in all — or at best，all but one - of their parallel pursuits. Practice might improve your performance，but you will never be as good as when focusing on one task at a time.The problem，according to Rene Marois，a psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，is that there's a sticking point in the brain. To demonstrate this，Marois devised an experiment to locate it Volunteers watch a screen and when a particular image appears，a red circle，say，they have to press a key with their index finger. Different coloured circles require presses from different fingers. Typical response time is about half a second，and the volunteers quickly reach their peak performance. Then they learn to listen to different recordings and respond by making a specific sound. For instance，when they hear a bird chirp，they have to say "ba〃；an electronic sound should elicit a "ko"，and so on. Again，no problem. A normal person can do that in about half a second，with almost no effort.The trouble comes when Marois shows the volunteers an image，and then almost immediately plays them a sound Now they' re flummoxed."If you show an image and play a sound at the same time，one task is postponed，he says. In fact，if the second task is introduced within the half-second or so it takes to process and react to the first，it will simply be delayed until the first one is done. The largest dual-task delays occur when the two tasks are presented simultaneously；delays progressively shorten as the interval between presenting the tasks lengthens.There are at least three points where we seem to get stuck，says Marois. The first is in simply identifying what we‘re looking at This can take a few tenths of a second，during which time we are not able to see and recognize a second item. This limitation is known as the "attentional blink" ：experiments have shown that if you're watching out for a particular event and a second one shows up unexpectedly any time within this crucial window of concentration，it may register in your visual cortex but you will be unable to actupon it Interestingly，if you don7 t expect the first event，you have no trouble responding to the second. What exactly causes the attentional blink is still a matter for debate.A second limitation is in our short-term visual memory. It' s estimated that we can keep track of about four items at a time，fewer if they are complex. This capacity shortage is thought to explain，in part，our astonishing inability to detect even huge changes in scenes that are otherwise identical，so-called "change blindness" . Show people pairs of near-identical photos - say，aircraft engines in one picture have disappeared in the other - and they will fail to spot the differences. Here again，though，there is disagreement about what the essential limiting factor really is. Does it come down to a dearth of storage capacity，oris it about how much attention a viewer is paying？A third limitation is that choosing a response to a stimulus — braking when you see a child in the road，for instance，or replying when your mother tells you over the phone that she' s thinking of leaving your dad —also takes brainpower. Selecting a response to one of these things will delay by some tenths of a second your ability to respond to the other* This is called the "response selection bottleneck" theory，first proposed in 1952.But David Meyer，a psychologist at the University of Michigan，Ann Arbor，doesn't buy the bottleneck idea. He thinks dual-task interference is just evidence of a strategy used by the brain to prioritise multiple activities. Meyer is known as something of an optimist by his peers. He has written papers with titles like "Virtually perfect time-sharing in dual-task. people can benefit from practice. Not only did they learn to perform better，brain scans showed that underlying that improvement was a change in the way their brains become active. While if s clear that practice can often make a difference，especially as we age，the basic facts remain sobering. \ have this impression of an almighty complex brain/，says Marois，"and yet we have very humbling and crippling limits/' For most of our history，we probably never needed to do more than one thing at a time，he says，and so we haven't evolved to be able to. Perhaps we will in future，though. We might yet look back one day on people like Debbie and Alun as ancestors of a new breed of true multitaskers.参考答案：27. RM (A名)的实验目的是什么？D29. 28. DM (A名)的观点是什么？B两个人共同同意的是什么？D30、A31. 21 B32. attractional blink. C33. change blindness E34. bottleneck A35. adaptive executive B36、NOT GIVEN37. NO[1]38. 8‘ NOT GIVENYESYES(答案仅供参考)以上是2015年9月19日雅思阅读真题回忆的全部内容，大家可以参考一下。
2015年9月GRE填空预测机经首发版
2015年9月GRE填空预测机经首发版今天为考生分享最新发布的是2015年9月GRE填空预测机经首发版。
本次机经为阅读机经。
主要适用于9月份的GRE考试，内容包含大量完整GRE填空题目、答案和解析，帮助考生完美应对GRE 考试。
20150829Hoping for a fresh ____ of cash, the nascent public works program had to shut down when fundswere not forthcoming.(A) reprisal(B) dispersal(C) liquidity(D) infusion(E) instantiation答案：DThe incumbent was so roundly trounced in the latest polls that any notion he had at winning theelection was illusory, nothing more than a(n) __________(A) folly(B) intrigue(C) chimera(D) convenience(E) presumption答案：CCryptozoology is predicated on a notion that is every bit as _________as the very quarry it aims tostudy: one cannot disprove the existence of that which does not exist.(A) mysterious(B) irrefutable(C) cautious(D) elusive(E) fundamental答案：AIt would be (i)________ not to (ii)________ these tabloid journalists for thriving in hard times: theydeserve credit for doing well in a profession in financial straits.Blank (i) Blank (ii)A. apropos D. admireB. churlish E. envyC. cagey F. emulate答案：(i)B;(ii)D201508211. Though the volume of radioactive waste produced by nuclear power plants is_____, the problemof how to dispose of that waste is not: rather, it is of major importance.A. unmanageableB. troublingC. significantD. smallE. deceptive参考答案：D2. We often regard natural phenomena like rainfall as mysterious and unpredictable; although forshort time spans and particular places they appear so, in fact on a truly global scale, nature hasbeen a model of____________.A. reliabilityB. diversityC. complexityD. plasticityE. discontinuity参考答案：A3. Unambiguous texts can allow their readers to (i)____them quickly, but ambiguous texts can havethe attractive (ii)____ of multiple possible interpretations, all of which can be considered equally(iii)____, and none of which is the single true meaning.Blank (i) Blank (ii) Blank (iii)A. misunderstand D. stigma G. validB. comprehend E. blemish H. frankC. complicate F. allure I. inveterate参考答案：comprehend, allure, valid4. It is a paradox of the Victorians that they were both ______and, through their empire,cosmopolitan.A. capriciousB. insularC. mercenaryD. idealisticE. intransigent参考答案：B5. (i)_______ may sound like the (ii)______ novelty seeking, but in fact the latter can coexist withand balance that stick-to-it virtue strong-willed Victorians so promoted.Blank (i) Blank (ii)Ambition antithesis ofCreativity foundation forPersistence precursor to参考答案：Persistence, antithesis of6. The national bank has been uncommonly powerful in comparison to its counterparts in othernations. It retains this potency partly because its control of the nation'Blank(i) Blank (ii)A. unencumbered by D. compulsoryB. replete with E. discretionaryC. hindered by F. bureaucratic参考答案：replete with, bureaucratic7. The material covered in this article has been (i)___in previous publications, and since currentlyneglected areas remained unexplored, the article contains no (ii)____.Blank (i) Blank (ii)A. skirted D. revelationsB. scrutinized E. distortionsC. countered F. conclusions参考答案：scrutinized, revelations201507101. The actor’s performance was so absurdly _____that Gwen felt a little ashamed to have to resortto tissues in the final scene.proficientunfeasibleseditiousmaudlinaccommodating参考答案：maudlin.2. Although his friends insisted that his black garb was simply depressing, Peter felt just the opposite—that it gave him an air of upbeat, ____________maturity. melancholicwearisomesalaciousaghasturbane参考答案：urbane.3. Due to the many ____________in his committee presentation, Mark’s advisor suggested that he revise his work and practice in front of a mirror before presenting it to the entire department.facilitiesjeremiadsgaffesobloquiesexploits参考答案：gaffes.4. The wealthy donor was known for his annual acts of (i) _____throughout the community, but even more (ii) _____was the fact that he was willing to get his hands dirty and serve the needy through hard physical labor as well as through (iii) ____and gifts.Blank (i)qualitylegacylargesseBlank (ii)laudableinexpressibledisquietingBlank (iii)effortendowmentshandiwork参考答案：largesse, laudable, endowments.5. As the release of the annual report drew near, it was clear that more than a few employees suspected the company was on the verge of bankruptcy; the belief was____throughout the organization.omniscientabjectpervasiveestimablespecious参考答案：pervasive.6. Gladys took a ____approach to problem solving, so when the committee needed ideas on how to create more low-cost public transportation, she suggested they study what worked well in other cities with similar needs.benignpragmaticcompliantrarefieddogmatic参考答案：pragmatic.7. The jury's verdict was such a surprise that the populace rioted in the streets; nothing less than a reversal of the verdict could ____________them.mollifyemulsifydenigratepetrifydisabuse参考答案：mollify.8. The councilman was a highly respected, even (i) ____member of society, so when he was accused of fraud, people were(ii) _____.Blank (i)veneratedobscureunassumingBlank (ii)stunnedelatedgullible参考答案：venerated; stunned.201507051. The author’s unfortunate predilection for mannered turns of phrase and complicated metaphors had a tendency to ___ her work’s straightforward themes.Propitiate, accentuate, augment, occlude, presage参考答案：occlude. 用Unfortunate 这个词表明作者用矫揉造作的词组和复杂的比喻的偏好是起着negative 的作用的。
2015年9月26日雅思阅读预测
2015年9月26日雅思阅读预测2015年9月26日雅思阅读预测1/ recycle the waste 美国垃圾。
Question 1-61 which country bought mostly USA 的垃圾？---- Japan2 where are the most landfills located？---- western states / East Coast3 回收比生产便宜economical的垃圾是？---- steel4 main objection of burning rubbish 焚烧最大的反对理由是？---- air pollution5 最大两类rubbish之一是paper and glass6 recycling rate in most other countries 国家的回收率什么比例？---- 15/17%，西雅图的最多是45%Question 7-13 Yes / No / Not GivenGermany is the best country in this field ----NGGerman claim 最严苛的回收法律---- NO西雅图（city Seattle）has the motivation 去回收垃圾----YES 西雅图回收最多超过了政府规定目标----YES西雅图不可回收的垃圾需要多少钱----NG洛杉矶没有类似recycle system----YES2/ typography – introduction of printed books 活字印刷历史Question 1-4 True / False / Not Given1 early books have many errors ---- NG2 活字印刷里就记得在某个地方只有富人才买得起书是----TRUE3 刚开始printing的书，插图illustration什么----NG4 businessman in Roma begin to notice the value of printing can makemoney----FalseQuestion 5-10 summary从上往下一步步说怎么印刷的assembling ---- fonts / sheet of paper第一版是用来更正错误proofreading / types / pages are in right sequence local newspapers 做宣传问两种印刷的方法的单词：binding and simulatingSummary----后来其中一个搬去Rome，然后住在一个地方near book* industry3/ scented secret 植物分泌化学激素抵抗其他植物和食草昆虫的Question 1-6A段拒了一个植物无理方法防止水分流失water lossesB段examples说明植物如何运用其粘性物质或产生物保护自己繁殖C段解释术语----植化相克definition of alleahydroD段weed suppress性质E段描述allea…hyber…chemical properties化学性质F段application for allea…hydro…化学性质被人采用Question 7-10 判断1 最近有新项目研究*这一东西F2 needle glue是不是某一种花的特性T3 大规模的对于植物具有的化学特性的研究已经投入到了生产或实际当中NG4 澳大利亚的农场主可以每年至少花费节省200million dollar FQuestion 12-13 多选澳洲那些做实验培育某植物的farmers怎么样了？AB对植物本身化学性质的研究，研制新的pesticideC 发现植物有物理的特性也有些是化学的D 给农民带来经济利益economic benefits4/ 讲的是一个人发现baby mammoth的在人生的peak time遗骸，就带他的朋友去博物馆咨询，科学家加入了研究对他的死亡提出了几种原因，还讨论了它保存完好的原因，最后研究了这个遗骸说了mammoth对研究其他一些东西的价值，送去Japan / Russia分析最后推测North America 的物种灭绝有关Question 1-5 判断1 这个人一开始就认出这是mammoth的遗骸----T2 这个遗骸是迄今为止人类发现的the most complete, kept----T4 他的朋友比他懂得更多相关knowledge----NG5 科学家came back searching in this area is looking for more ---- NG Question 6-106 象牙tusk well kept 验证了其死亡的原因7 死亡的原因：是窒息而死8 推测死亡时间季节spring9 保存条件buried in sandbar10 猛犸脖子后面的hump of fat was in perfect condition证明she was healthywhen it died5/ lean production 精益生产Question 1-6 list of heading第一段car production background第二段不同方法的优缺点the pro and con of different productions第三段lean production概念的来源第四段怎样确保ensure the expedition 怎样确保产量supply 怎样确保质量quality第五段automation 公司需要什么样的工人multi-skilled第六段lean production当出现问题，应该有什么措施，然后停止，every worker is encouraged to stop production when a faultis discoveredQuestion 7-10 Summary第一个是the historical context craftsman 生产豪华轿车Lights, procedure make the storage just-in-time, if the number of defects exceeds a certain amount the entire batch is rejected multi-skilled International strategic …issueQuestion 11-13 判断11 is there the difference between lean production and mass production Y6/ map atlas 地图制作的历史list of headingsA给出来题图新技术的成功B 是说那Belaga画的地图到现在还在用ongoing technique of color systemC iii time-consuming progress Map很difficultD overcome problems 是什么那个专业方面的人早早工作E 地图map reader需要哪些技术，需要有空间感和清楚的表达能力presentclearlyF 肯定是further improvement 是在说将会引入新的技术迎合读者Question 7-8 问答1 在新技术发明之前制作新地图（a new map）需要6-9/3.5 months2 问图上什么最新增加了什么还包括什么city planQuestion 9-1211 问某个人做作的XXX地图有什么特点12 问某个人在制作地图过程中什么最重要？----trustworthy information13 作者为什么写这篇文章overview of map making7/ breed of the peas 三种豆的介绍A-Anglo Nuts B-Breach Match * peas C-Maple peasQuestion 1-51 成熟较早更快ripen early （A，茎很粗，是畜生livestock的食物，不是宠物）2 用来喂养宠物feed pets / livestock （C maple可以用来喂给鸟吃）3 叶子少（B提到说semi-leafless）4 茎（stem）strong stem 很强壮（A 提到他很strong）5 防昆虫攻击avoid insect attach （B本身有种什么物质）Question 6-10 判断6 这是那个科学家的第一分职业career，他一开始就想种豆F7 做生物学家和研究种豆需要一些相同的学科背景T8 Anglo Nuts 比较干净，是因为他长在地面上NG9 breach match * nuts 第二种豆一直在田里会增殖，所以价值更高F10 种豆比种花难Question 11-13 流程图11 根据特殊需要，选择特别的special traits来中特定的nuts12 planted in glass house room，有助观察observation13 需要进行一系列experiments来观察nuts的生长8/ 古代木乃伊相貌复原第一段将之前的考古学家只关注挖出来的宝藏什么的，而不在乎那些bones，很多lost forever第二段技术的发展使得那些骨头即使损坏得很厉害也能复原第三段第一个Caroline Wilkinson 用那个技术复原了巴赫的相貌，与之前的portrait是not convincing第四段不同的人用science画出来的图像不一样第五段曾经为US police 做犯罪分析的一个专家，结尾提到NorthAmerica发现的9400岁的mummy木乃伊，是最早的第六段一个artist，进入这一领域在Manchester museum的collection中对彻斯特博物馆里的half-brothers的mummy做了分析第七段除了race会影响复原以外，gender也会有影响第八段X-ray在复原工作中的局限性第九段计算机技术可以创造三维的图像，改善了X-ray的局限性第十段对计算机技术表示乐观，往后reconstruction 可以直接在电脑上做了Question 1-3 选择which three of the following problems influencing facial reconstruction are mentioned in the text?A devalue the importance of bones D level of sculptors not consistent F thelimitation of using X-rayQuestion 4-8 判断4 even the extensive damage can be repaired through modern construction technique T5 WH’s reconstruction of Bach 与real person不一样F6 Mummy found in north America was older than then one found in Strip Cave NG7 Sculpture Never’s construction of * an exhibit 上借来的F8 people are keen to ultra sound NGQuestion 9-149 which historical period 研究的木乃伊mummy came from? Stone Age10 人们现在用N*来形容？average tissue depth11 WH language conservation 之前为谁previous job 工作----US police12 what is Never’s profession---- Anatomical artist13 what factor beside the races影响affect tissue depth的因素，除了races还有----gender14 Never从曼彻斯特博物馆借来的两个mummies什么关系？half-brother9/ amazon 亚马逊流域部落和他们的黑土Question 1-5 判断1 British Explorer Fawcett ignored the guide from the local people NG2 scientists constantly believe there were people living in this area F3 the Terra Preta occurs naturally in the Rainforest area F4 the Terra Preta can be found with flowing water beside (on the river) T5 the local people don’t use this to plant crops anymore FQuestion 6-13 summaryFertility of the Terra Preta last for a long time, remain for yearsPlant fruits and crops (cereal)There are many settlements which were connected by the roadsPopulation of each large settlement is over 10,000村落布局也是well-planed，and each tribes settlement with a plaza in the centre area, building with wooden fences palisades located around the plaza(盛水的器皿) for strong water also has been found10/ derived from proto-language family 语言的传播历史Question 13-1713. 语言在农业社会expanded rapidly / very quickly F14. 语言扩展主要是在农业agriculture产地farming T15. trader was the only agent of ―proto-language‖ F16. 说打猎hunt region为生的地方语言比较简单simpler NG17. 说现在语言的扩展速度要比以前慢TQuestion 18-21 选择题18. proto-language the origin证明了A isolated people （不选）B …19. derived from prot0-language打头的单词什么意思？选it is the ancestorof a language family20. the ―flower‖举例比喻代表什么？A 不同语言在一个limited地区的发展B 一个地区语言为中心one centre 向周围derive languages21. 第6段举得例子想表达什么？选the own success to colonial 新殖民地如何成功发展11/ hands off the phone? 开车打电话Using even a hands-free phone while driving can be dangerous1-5) Answer questions1 驾驶员的身体哪个部位受干扰最容易导致事故发生？brain2 在第一次试验中实验对象被要求讨论什么话题？hobbies and interests3 how times lag behind when 用手机打电话的反应时间比不打电话的人延迟？......0.212 seconds / 212 milliseconds4 what the percentage as using the hands-free kit的人开车犯错误的概率比平时高出？83%5 第二次试验对象要做什么事情? repeating words6-13) TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN6 Making business decision can be 增加事故发生概率…T7 听模拟乘客讲话和听使用免提设备一样的危险F8 听广播复述故事对司机影响很大F9 Young people use most the hand-held phones NG10 Texting is more danger than speaking on a call phone NG11 开车打电话的人经常会被处罚F12 多数人都会使用hands-free calls T13 司机可能对不准开车打电话的规定感到高兴…T12/ Proto-writing in Americas 古代美洲记事第一篇:古代人用S种方式记录文字第一种是北美人，用knot,好像山洞里的壁画什么的，然后说明记录了动物hunt bears，星辰stars和一些自然现象，还有因为很复杂，除了本土专门研究这个专业的人没有人来研究。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2015年9月26日雅思阅读预测1/ recycle the waste 美国垃圾。
Question 1-61 which country bought mostly USA 的垃圾？---- Japan2 where are the most landfills located？---- western states / East Coast3 回收比生产便宜economical的垃圾是？---- steel4 main objection of burning rubbish 焚烧最大的反对理由是？---- air pollution5 最大两类rubbish之一是paper and glass6 recycling rate in most other countries 国家的回收率什么比例？---- 15/17%，西雅图的最多是45%Question 7-13 Yes / No / Not GivenGermany is the best country in this field ----NGGerman claim 最严苛的回收法律---- NO西雅图（city Seattle）has the motivation 去回收垃圾----YES西雅图回收最多超过了政府规定目标----YES西雅图不可回收的垃圾需要多少钱----NG洛杉矶没有类似recycle system----YES2/ typography – introduction of printed books 活字印刷历史Question 1-4 True / False / Not Given1 early books have many errors ---- NG2 活字印刷里就记得在某个地方只有富人才买得起书是----TRUE3 刚开始printing的书，插图illustration什么----NG4 businessman in Roma begin to notice the value of printing can makemoney----FalseQuestion 5-10 summary从上往下一步步说怎么印刷的assembling ---- fonts / sheet of paper第一版是用来更正错误proofreading / types / pages are in right sequence local newspapers 做宣传问两种印刷的方法的单词：binding and simulatingSummary----后来其中一个搬去Rome，然后住在一个地方near book* industry3/ scented secret 植物分泌化学激素抵抗其他植物和食草昆虫的Question 1-6A段拒了一个植物无理方法防止水分流失water lossesB段examples说明植物如何运用其粘性物质或产生物保护自己繁殖C段解释术语----植化相克definition of alleahydroD段weed suppress性质E段描述allea…hyber…chemical properties化学性质F段application for allea…hydro…化学性质被人采用Question 7-10 判断1 最近有新项目研究*这一东西F2 needle glue是不是某一种花的特性T3 大规模的对于植物具有的化学特性的研究已经投入到了生产或实际当中NG4 澳大利亚的农场主可以每年至少花费节省200million dollar FQuestion 12-13 多选澳洲那些做实验培育某植物的farmers怎么样了？AB对植物本身化学性质的研究，研制新的pesticideC 发现植物有物理的特性也有些是化学的D 给农民带来经济利益economic benefits4/ 讲的是一个人发现baby mammoth的在人生的peak time遗骸，就带他的朋友去博物馆咨询，科学家加入了研究对他的死亡提出了几种原因，还讨论了它保存完好的原因，最后研究了这个遗骸说了mammoth对研究其他一些东西的价值，送去Japan / Russia分析最后推测North America 的物种灭绝有关Question 1-5 判断1 这个人一开始就认出这是mammoth的遗骸----T2 这个遗骸是迄今为止人类发现的the most complete, kept----T4 他的朋友比他懂得更多相关knowledge----NG5 科学家came back searching in this area is looking for more ---- NG Question 6-106 象牙tusk well kept 验证了其死亡的原因7 死亡的原因：是窒息而死8 推测死亡时间季节spring9 保存条件buried in sandbar10 猛犸脖子后面的hump of fat was in perfect condition证明she was healthywhen it died5/ lean production 精益生产Question 1-6 list of heading第一段car production background第二段不同方法的优缺点the pro and con of different productions第三段lean production概念的来源第四段怎样确保ensure the expedition 怎样确保产量supply 怎样确保质量quality第五段automation 公司需要什么样的工人multi-skilled第六段lean production当出现问题，应该有什么措施，然后停止，every worker is encouraged to stop production when a fault is discoveredQuestion 7-10 Summary第一个是the historical context craftsman 生产豪华轿车Lights, procedure make the storage just-in-time, if the number of defects exceeds a certain amount the entire batch is rejected multi-skilled International strategic …issueQuestion 11-13 判断11 is there the difference between lean production and mass production Y6/ map atlas 地图制作的历史list of headingsA给出来题图新技术的成功B 是说那Belaga画的地图到现在还在用ongoing technique of color systemC iii time-consuming progress Map很difficultD overcome problems 是什么那个专业方面的人早早工作E 地图map reader需要哪些技术，需要有空间感和清楚的表达能力presentclearlyF 肯定是further improvement 是在说将会引入新的技术迎合读者Question 7-8 问答1 在新技术发明之前制作新地图（a new map）需要6-9/3.5 months2 问图上什么最新增加了什么还包括什么city planQuestion 9-1211 问某个人做作的XXX地图有什么特点12 问某个人在制作地图过程中什么最重要？----trustworthy information13 作者为什么写这篇文章overview of map making7/ breed of the peas 三种豆的介绍A-Anglo Nuts B-Breach Match * peas C-Maple peasQuestion 1-51 成熟较早更快ripen early （A，茎很粗，是畜生livestock的食物，不是宠物）2 用来喂养宠物feed pets / livestock （C maple可以用来喂给鸟吃）3 叶子少（B提到说semi-leafless）4 茎（stem）strong stem 很强壮（A 提到他很strong）5 防昆虫攻击avoid insect attach （B本身有种什么物质）Question 6-10 判断6 这是那个科学家的第一分职业career，他一开始就想种豆F7 做生物学家和研究种豆需要一些相同的学科背景T8 Anglo Nuts 比较干净，是因为他长在地面上NG9 breach match * nuts 第二种豆一直在田里会增殖，所以价值更高F10 种豆比种花难Question 11-13 流程图11 根据特殊需要，选择特别的special traits来中特定的nuts12 planted in glass house room，有助观察observation13 需要进行一系列experiments来观察nuts的生长8/ 古代木乃伊相貌复原第一段将之前的考古学家只关注挖出来的宝藏什么的，而不在乎那些bones，很多lost forever第二段技术的发展使得那些骨头即使损坏得很厉害也能复原第三段第一个Caroline Wilkinson 用那个技术复原了巴赫的相貌，与之前的portrait是not convincing第四段不同的人用science画出来的图像不一样第五段曾经为US police 做犯罪分析的一个专家，结尾提到North America发现的9400岁的mummy木乃伊，是最早的第六段一个artist，进入这一领域在Manchester museum的collection中对彻斯特博物馆里的half-brothers的mummy做了分析第七段除了race会影响复原以外，gender也会有影响第八段X-ray在复原工作中的局限性第九段计算机技术可以创造三维的图像，改善了X-ray的局限性第十段对计算机技术表示乐观，往后reconstruction 可以直接在电脑上做了Question 1-3 选择which three of the following problems influencing facial reconstruction are mentioned in the text?A devalue the importance of bones D level of sculptors not consistent F thelimitation of using X-rayQuestion 4-8 判断4 even the extensive damage can be repaired through modern construction technique T5 WH’s reconstruction of Bach 与real person不一样F6 Mummy found in north America was older than then one found in Strip Cave NG7 Sculpture Never’s construction of * an exhibit 上借来的F8 people are keen to ultra sound NGQuestion 9-149 which historical period 研究的木乃伊mummy came from? Stone Age10 人们现在用N*来形容？average tissue depth11 WH language conservation 之前为谁previous job 工作----US police12 what is Never’s profession---- Anatomical artist13 what factor beside the races影响affect tissue depth的因素，除了races还有----gender14 Never从曼彻斯特博物馆借来的两个mummies什么关系？half-brother9/ amazon 亚马逊流域部落和他们的黑土Question 1-5 判断1 British Explorer Fawcett ignored the guide from the local people NG2 scientists constantly believe there were people living in this area F3 the Terra Preta occurs naturally in the Rainforest area F4 the Terra Preta can be found with flowing water beside (on the river) T5 the local people don’t use this to plant crops anymore FQuestion 6-13 summaryFertility of the Terra Preta last for a long time, remain for yearsPlant fruits and crops (cereal)There are many settlements which were connected by the roadsPopulation of each large settlement is over 10,000村落布局也是well-planed，and each tribes settlement with a plaza in the centre area, building with wooden fences palisades located around the plaza(盛水的器皿) for strong water also has been found10/ derived from proto-language family 语言的传播历史Question 13-1713. 语言在农业社会expanded rapidly / very quickly F14. 语言扩展主要是在农业agriculture产地farming T15. trader was the only agent of ―proto-language‖ F16. 说打猎hunt region为生的地方语言比较简单simpler NG17. 说现在语言的扩展速度要比以前慢TQuestion 18-21 选择题18. proto-language the origin证明了A isolated people （不选）B …19. derived from prot0-language打头的单词什么意思？选it is the ancestorof a language family20. the ―flower‖举例比喻代表什么？A 不同语言在一个limited地区的发展B 一个地区语言为中心one centre 向周围derive languages21. 第6段举得例子想表达什么？选the own success to colonial 新殖民地如何成功发展11/ hands off the phone? 开车打电话Using even a hands-free phone while driving can be dangerous1-5) Answer questions1 驾驶员的身体哪个部位受干扰最容易导致事故发生？brain2 在第一次试验中实验对象被要求讨论什么话题？hobbies and interests3 how times lag behind when 用手机打电话的反应时间比不打电话的人延迟？......0.212 seconds / 212 milliseconds4 what the percentage as using the hands-free kit的人开车犯错误的概率比平时高出？83%5 第二次试验对象要做什么事情? repeating words6-13) TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN6 Making business decision can be 增加事故发生概率…T7 听模拟乘客讲话和听使用免提设备一样的危险F8 听广播复述故事对司机影响很大F9 Young people use most the hand-held phones NG10 Texting is more danger than speaking on a call phone NG11 开车打电话的人经常会被处罚F12 多数人都会使用hands-free calls T13 司机可能对不准开车打电话的规定感到高兴…T12/ Proto-writing in Americas 古代美洲记事第一篇:古代人用S种方式记录文字第一种是北美人，用knot,好像山洞里的壁画什么的，然后说明记录了动物hunt bears，星辰stars和一些自然现象，还有因为很复杂，除了本土专门研究这个专业的人没有人来研究。