桥式起重机起升机构的设计

摘要

桥式起重机是在建筑工地、工厂等场所广泛使用的一种机械装置，它的广泛应用是现代化生产特点的标志。设计一个结构合理、适用方便、工作可靠的桥式起重机起升机构在实际生产中具有非常积极的现实意义。

由于现在室内运行的桥式起重机基本上是采用电力驱动，且电动机容量的选择与各机构的尺寸布置和运转的经济性有密切关系，所以刚开始进行起升机构设计，先对动力系统进行计算、选择及校验。电动机的选择主要是热容量的选择，而校验主要是对电动机的过载能力进行校验和发热校验。桥式起重机起升机构设计主要包括钢丝绳的选取及校核、卷筒的设计选择、吊钩的选择、吊钩横轴确定、浮动轴、电动机、滑轮组的设计选择、减速器和制动器的选取及相关校核。在设计中，先确定传动设计方案，再根据动力传动方向进行设计和计算，力求工作可靠。

本文完成了桥式起重机起升机构动力部分、传动部分的设计。功能实现合理，结构相对比较简单，工作比较可靠。

关键词：桥式起重机；起升机构；起升机构零部件。

桥式起重机起升机构的设计

Abstract

The bridge-type hoist crane is in place widespread use and so on Construction site, factory one kind of mechanisms, its widespread application is the modernized production characteristic symbol; It liberates the people from the arduous physical labor, raises the productivity. Designs a structure reasonably, to be suitable, the operation reliable the bridge-type hoist crane hoisting mechanism transmission system to have the very positive practical significance conveniently in the actual production.

Because the present indoor movement's bridge-type hoist crane basically uses the electric drive, and the electric motor capacity's choice has the close relation with various organizations' size arrangement and the revolution efficiency, therefore carries on at the beginning of the hoisting mechanism transmission system design, carries on the computation, the choice and the verification first to the dynamic system. Electric motor's choice is mainly the calorific capacity choice, but verifies is mainly verifies to electric motor's overload capacity and gives off heat the verification. The bridge-type hoist crane hoisting mechanism design mainly includes the steel wire the selection and the examination, the reel designated that lift hook's design, the lift hook abscissa axis determined, floats the moving axis, the electric motor, the block and tackle, the reduction gear and brake's selection and the correlation examination. In the design, determined the first transmission design proposal, then carries on the design and the computation according to the power drive direction, makes every effort the operation reliable.

This article has completed the bridge-type hoist crane hoisting mechanism dynamic system, transmission system's design. The function realizes reasonably, the structure is suitable simply, operation reliable.

Keyword: bridge type- hoist crane；lifting equipment；specific parts for cranes .

目录

摘要 (1)

Abstract (2)

目录 (3)

引言 (4)

1 起升机构传动设计 (5)

1.1确定起升机构传动方案 (5)

1.2钢丝绳的选用 (6)

1.3卷筒的设计计算 (6)

1.4吊钩及其附件的选择计算 (8)

1.4.1吊钩 (8)

1.4.2吊钩螺母 (11)

1.4.3吊钩横梁 (11)

1.4.4滑轮组的设计计算 (13)

1.4.5吊钩拉板的设计计算 (14)

1.4.6滑轮轴的设计计算 (15)

1.5电动机选择计算 (16)

1.6减速器的选择计算 (17)

1.7制动器的选择 (18)

1.8联轴器的选择 (18)

1.9起动和制动时间验算 (19)

2 轴的设计计算 (22)

2.1卷筒轴的设计计算 (22)

2.2浮动轴的设计计算 (23)

3 用压板固定钢丝绳的计算 (24)

3.1绳尾固定处的拉力 (24)

3.2螺旋预紧力P (24)

总结 (26)

参考文献 (27)

后记 (29)