2015专四语法考点非谓语动词

2015专四语法考点：非谓语动词

考点1：不定式专四题中对于不定式用法的考察比较少，特别是近些年的考题几乎已经不考了。以前的考点基本集中在：

(1)考察哪些动词接不定式；

(2)考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；

1) can’t help/choose but do不得不,只能,不禁

2) why not do sth

1. __Why not call on_____him tomorrow?2001

A. Why not to call on

B. Why don’t call on

C. Why not calling on

D. Why not call on

3) would do rather than do

1.She said she would work it out herself, _rather than_____ ask me for help.1993

A.and not to

B.but not

C.and prefer not

D.rather than

(3)考察短语"be believed/said to do sth"的用法；

1. The Minister of Finance is believed _to be thinking___ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.2004

A. that he is thinking

B. to be thinking

C. that he is to think

D. to think

2. AIDS is said _to have been_____the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region.2002

A. being

B. to be

C. to have been

D. having been

3. Professor Johnson is said _to have made___some significant advance in his research in the past year. 1999

A. having made

B. making

C. to have made

D. to make

(4)考察动词不定时的时态和语态：进行式to be doing,完成式to have done;一般式被动语态to be done;完成式被动语态to have been done。另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思；

考点2：动名词

（1）常接动名词做宾语的词：mind(介意), miss(逃过), mention(提及), prevent, postpone, practice, risk(冒险), resist(抵制), consider(考虑), admit(承认), avoid(避免), appreciate(感激), fancy(幻想), finish(完成)，feel like(喜欢), escape(逃脱), ensure(确保) , delay(延迟), deny(否认), resent, detest, imagine(想象), suggest(建议)

1. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid__being beaten____. 1996

A. from being beaten

B. being beaten

C. beating

D. to be beaten

2. He resented _being asked _____to wait. He expected the minister _to see_____ him at once.1995

A. to be asked, to see

B. being asked, to see

C. to be asked, seeing

D. being asked, seeing

3.I never regretted __not accepting_____ offer, for it was not where my interest lay.1993

A.not to accept

B.not having accepted

C.having not accepted

D.not accepting

（2）介词后的ing：prevent/stop/keep sb /sth from doing阻止…做…；spend/waste time /money in doing在做…方面花钱、浪费时间或金钱；how /what about doing

sth做…怎么样了？；Have some difficulty/trouble in doing在…方面有些困难；There is no sense in doing (做…是没有理由的)；Thank / admire /praise/blame /scold/ punish sb for doing sth因做某事而感谢、羡慕、表扬、责备、惩罚某人

1. What a nice day! How about the three of us _taking____ a walk in the park nearby?2009

A. to take

B. take

C. taking

D. to be taking

2. Though her father never approved of _her going_____ to drama school, she became a well-known actress.1991

A. going

B. her to go

C. her going

D. her go

（3）接动名词做介词to的宾语：apply oneself to致力于；be accustomed to习惯于；confess to供认；come to谈到；devote oneself to献身于；get down to着手做；give way to对…让步；lead to导致；look forward to期待；next to几乎；object to反对；pay attention to注意；stick to坚持；stand up to勇敢面对；turn to求助于；be used to习惯于

1. What’s the chance of __there being______ a general election this year?2005

A. there being

B. there to be

C. there be

D. there going to be

2. The meeting was put off because we _objected to having_________ a meeting without John.2005

A. objected having

B. were objected to having

C. objected to have

D. objected to having

考点3：分词

（1）从语态上看，现在分词一般都表示主动，而过去分词一般表示被动；

（2）从时态上看，现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示过去。如果分词动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，分词用完成时。

（3）现在分词的否定形式是not放在分词之前。