2016年3月19日托福写作真题及答案解析.pdf
2016年托福阅读模拟试题及答案解析（5）
Throughout the nineteenth century and into the twentieth, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centers of corruption, crime, poverty, and moral degradation. Their distrust was caused, in part, by a national ideology that proclaimed farming the greatest occupation and rural living superior to urban living. This attitude prevailed even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential feature of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands abandoned the precarious life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people migrated from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicious with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were overwhelmed with great problems, eagerly embraced the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the chaos of the city. One of many reforms came in the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by municipal governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would charge exorbitant rates for these essential services and deliver them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by regulating the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. Proponents of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would insure widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a fair price. While some reforms focused on government and public behavior, others looked at the cities as a whole. Civic leaders, convinced that physical environment influenced human behavior, argued that cities should develop master plans to guide their future growth and development. City planning was nothing new, but the rapid industrialization and urban growth of the late nineteenth century took place without any consideration for order. Urban renewal in the twentieth century followed several courses. Some cities introduced plans to completely rebuild the city core. Most other cities contented themselves with zoning plans for regulating future growth. Certain parts of town were restricted to residential use, while others were set aside for industrial or commercial development. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) A comparison of urban and rural life in the early twentieth century (B) The role of government in twentieth century urban renewal (C) Efforts to improve urban life in the early twentieth century (D) Methods of controlling urban growth in the twentieth century 2. The word "bias偏见" in line 2 is closest in meaning to (A) diagonal斜线的 (B) slope (C) distortion (D) prejudice 3. The first paragraph suggests that most people who lived in rural areas (A) were suspicious of their neighbors (B) were very proud of their lifestyle (C) believed city government had too much power (D) wanted to move to the cities 4. In the early twentieth century, many rural dwellers migrated to the city in order to (A) participate in the urban reform movement (B) seek financial security (C) comply with a government ordinance (D) avoid crime and corruption 5. The word "embraced拥抱" in line 11 is closest in meaning to (A) suggested (B) overestimated (C) demanded (D) welcomed 6. What concern did reformers have about privately owned utility companies? (A) They feared the services would not be made available to all city dwellers. (B) They believed private ownership would slow economic growth (C) They did not trust the companies to obey the government regulations. (D) They wanted to ensure that the services would be provided to rural areas. 7. The word "exorbitant过⾼的(价钱)" in line 16 is closest in meaning to (A) additional (B) expensive (C) various (D) modified 8. All of the following were the direct result of public utility reforms EXCEPT (A) local governments determined the rates charged by private utility companies (B) some utility companies were owned and operated by local governments (C) the availability of services was regulated by local government (D) private utility companies were required to pay a fee to local governments 9. The word "Proponents⽀持者" in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) Experts (B) Pioneers (C) Reviewers (D) Supporters 10. Why does the author mention "industrialization" (line 24)? (A) To explain how fast urban growth led to poorly designed cities (B) To emphasize the economic importance of urban areas (C) To suggest that labor disputes had become an urban problem (D) To illustrate the need for construction of new factories CDBBD ABDDA。
2016年托福写作真题及解析
2016年托福写作真题及解析为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，给大家整理了托福真题解析,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
2016年托福阅读真题及解析1托福阅读第一篇欧洲人口增加原文回顾：欧洲经济发展相关，工业化和食物的增长促进了人口的增长。
高速城市化：人们开始从乡下往城镇转移，因此带来了工作，生活资料等一系列的变化。
细节讲到了熟练工和普通人的区别，考了两个题。
最后讲到了人口的增加导致人均工资下降的问题。
学习：After a century of virtually no population growth, the countries of WesternEurope experienced dramatic population increases between 1750 and 1800. Manycountries doubled in size. In some countries, the growth continued through thenineteenth century. The population of Great Britain, for instance, doubled between 1750 and 1800 and then tripled between 1800 and 1900.There were several reasons for the sudden increase. Medical advances andimproved hygiene limited the devastation caused by epidemic diseases andplagues. The introduction of new food crops, most notably the potato, provided abetter diet for the poor and reduced the incidence of famine. The combination ofgreater public order and fewer civil wars meant that life was less hazardous.The net result was a lower death rate and soaring populations.The growing population, with a rising proportion of children to raise andolder people to care for, put increased pressure on every aspect of society. Many peasants were no longer able to provide land for their children, who wereforced to look for other ways to make their living. Small artisans in the citiessuffered similar problems, unable to provide places for their children in theirown workshops.The exact relationship between population growth and industrialization isunclear, though the two are clearly intertwined. (Even countries that were lateto industrialize shared in the general population increase, and its relatedproblems.) What is clear is that the growth in population increased the demandfor both food and manufactured goods and provided an abundance of cheap labor toproduce them.托福阅读第二篇非洲铁技术的发展原文回顾：非洲铁的发展，非洲曾经是被殖民的地方，殖民者大量开采非洲的铁矿资源，并且他们在非洲大规模的用铁矿资源冶炼金属，牵扯到起源，谁把铁的技术引进非洲，以及铁技术之后的发展和改变。
2016年托福阅读模拟试题及答案解析(2)
2016 年托福阅读模拟试题及答案解析 (2)托福阅读试题1.What can be inferred from paragraph 1 aboutBritain's short supply of wood in the eighteenthcentury?A.Wood from Britain’s great forests was beingexported to other countries for profit.B.A growing population had required cutting down forests to increase available land forfarming.rger families required the construction of larger homes made from wood.D.What was left of the great forests after the medieval period was being strictly protected.2.Select TWO answer choices that, according to paragraph 1, are true statementsabout Russia’s iron industry in the eighteenth century. To obtain credit, you mustselect TWO answer choices.A.Russia reached its maximum production of iron at the same time as Britain.B.Russia exported much of its iron production to Britain.C.Russia’s appetite for iron increased rapidly after 1740.D.Russia’s energy resourceseventually became insufficient and limited the growth of its iron industry.3.The word "abundant" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.reliableB.plentifulC.well-preservedD.existing4.Why are "beer, glass, soap, and other products" mentioned in the discussion ofBritain’s energy?A.To help explain why the energy crisis was so severeB.To show that despite the energy crisis and as early as 1640, London homes were advancedand well suppliedC.To emphasize that after 1640, British homes required energy for more than heatD.To indicate that coal had been used for the production of certain products before theeighteenth century5.According to paragraph 3, all of the following are ways in which the Savery andNewcomen engines were similar EXCEPT:A.Both became relatively inexpensive after the 1770s.B.Both produced steam by burning coal.C.Both were used to operate pumps.D.Both were very inefficient.6.The word "gifted" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.independentB.talentedC.famousD.ambitious7.According to paragraph 4, what was James Watt’s major achievement?A. He was able to apply his understanding of physics to invent a variety of scientificinstruments and tools for skilled crafts workers.B.He taught university physics courses to outstanding students whose observations led tomany patented inventions.C.He improved the efficiency of Newcomen’s engine by preventing energy from being lost.D.He redesigned Newcomen’s engine so that it no longer needed a separate condenser.8.The word "splendid" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.originalB.necessaryC.magnificentD.popular9.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 5 as a development thatgreatly changed the production of iron?A.The use of coke in the smelting of pig ironB.The invention of a furnace that used coke to refine ironC.The discovery of a method for increasing the production of charcoalD.The invention of powerful machinery that could shape, form, and finish iron10.In paragraph 6, why does the author compare British iron production in 1740 withthat of 1844?A.To contrast the amounts of iron needed in Britain in two different centuriesB.To illustrate how easy it was to make money using Cort’s inventionC.To demonstrate the tremendous growth of the iron industry in BritainD.To demonstrate how inexpensive coal had become11.The word "indispensable" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.advantageousB.essentialC.less costlyD.highly stimulating12.According to the passage, which of the following is true about the development ofsteam power?A.The steam engine’s basic technology can be traced back to medieval Britain when steam-powered machinery was being tried in farming activities.B.Although Russia and Britain developed steam-power technology simultaneously,Britain wasfirst to try it in a large-scale industry due to a greater need for iron.C.Steam-power technology was largely the result of improvements developed to increase thesupply of coal as a primary source of energy.D.Adaptations to steam engines required for their use in cotton-spinning mills led to radicaldevelopments in machinery used in the iron industry.13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could beadded to the passage.Where would the sentence best fit? Energy had not been aproblem for Britain in the past because it relied on a rich source of energy: its vastforests.By the eighteenth century,Britain was experiencing a severe shortage of energy. ■【A】 Because of the growth of population, most of the great forests of medieval Britain had longago been replaced by fields of grain and hay. ■【B】Wood was in ever-shorter supply, yet itremained tremendously important.■【C】It served as the primary source of heat for allhomes and industries and as a basic raw material.■【D】Processed wood (charcoal) was thefuel that was mixed with iron ore in the blast furnace to produce pig iron (raw iron). The ironindustry’s appetite for wood was enormous, and by 1740 the British iron industry wasstagnating.Vast forests enabled Russia to become the world’s leading producer of iron,much ofwhich was exported to Britain.But Russia’s potential for growth was limited too,and in a fewdecades Russia would reach the barrier of inadequate energy that was already holdingEngland back.14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage of thepassage is provided plete the summary by selecting the THREE answerchoices that express the most important ideas in the passage.Some answer choicesdo not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented inthe passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This questions is worth 2 points.By the eighteenth century,Britain was experiencing a severe shortage of energy.A.The development of blast furnaces for the manufacture of pig iron made the Britain lessdependent on wood.B.After the medieval period, both Russia and Britain began to look for alternative sources ofenergy, such as steam power, in order to maintain the growth of their iron industries.C.Two inventors designed the first steam engines in order to overcome the disadvantages ofrelying on horses to power the pumps used in mining coal.D.James Watt was able to improve upon the efficiency of the steam engine and make it usefulto several industries.E.The puddling furnace increased the availability of charcoal to a variety of industries fromcotton to iron production.F.Steam power increased coal production,which in turn allowed extraordinary growth of theiron industry and the British economy.托福阅读答案1.B2.BD3.B4.D5.A6.B7.C8.C9.C10.C11.B12.C13.A14.CDF。
解析与范文!2016年3月19托福口语考了啥
解析与范文!2016年3月19托福口语考了啥在2016年3月19日，考生们迎来了新一轮的托福口语考试。
虽然这场考试已经过去一段时间了，但小编仍相信还有不少同学对本次考试的内容不太了解!因此，在接下来的文章中，天道小编特地为同学们就3月19日的托福口语真题进行就读，希望可以助大家一臂之力!更多新托福口语资讯，尽在天道教育!在接下来的文章中，天道小编给大家整理了刚刚过去的3月19日这天的托福口语真题，还请正在备战托福口语的考生们能够注意!提前预祝各位考生能够在新托福口语考试中取得满意成绩!Task 1If you are a teacher of a tutor group and you are going to take students to a study trip, where would you take them to? A science museum, a local farm, or a theatre performance?解题思路：题目中要求选择一个地方带着学生进行参观，考生可以根据自己的爱好进行选择，然后论述为什么选择这个地方的原因即可。
范文： If I were the teacher, I’d take my students to a local farm for sure. With the great leap forward of urbanization, most kids lose the opportunity to learn about our mother nature unwittingly. As a teacher myself, I couldn’t remember how many times I threw out the question “tell me about your favorite animal” with uncomfortably long pauses. My students find it tough to answer the question from direct experience. They aren’t able to list typical features of those animals or their living habits or anything! What a shocking fact! So I’d love to provide my students a chance to get closer to those warm creatures and soft grasslands than to cold machines and concrete streets.Task 2Agree or disagree that students should take some additional courses so that they can get their credits more quickly?解题思路：题目中问道学生通过多上课更快的获得学分，你是否同意。
2016年3月19日托福独立写作小范围预测（共10题）
【考情回顾】 2016年1⽉23⽇托福独⽴写作 Some people think that some lessons for young students (age5-8) include video games are effective ways and interesting, other people think this way is distracting and waste time. What’s your opinion? 2016年1⽉24⽇托福独⽴写作 = 2014年6⽉20⽇托福独⽴写作 In times of economic crisis, in which field do you think the government can cut financial support? 1. Art 2. Science research 3. Parks and public gardens 2016年2⽉27⽇托福独⽴写作 High school students should be required to study many different subjects at same time or they should study only three or four subjects at a time. ⾼中⽣应该⼀次学习多种课程还是⼀次学习三到四种课程。
2016年2⽉28⽇托福独⽴写作 Nowadays, children rely too much on the technology, like computers, smart phone, video games, for fun and entertainment. Playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for the children's development. 现在，孩⼦们太多依赖科技产品，例如电脑和⼿机，电⼦游戏作为娱乐，简单游戏或户外运动对于孩⼦的发展更好，是否认同? 2016年3⽉11⽇托福独⽴写作 The reading students do on their own is as important as or more important than that assigned by the teachers ⾃主阅读还是完成⽼师布置的阅读作业。
托福考试阅读试题及答案
托福考试阅读试题及答案2016年托福考试阅读试题及答案The Development of Steam Power【1】By the eighteenth century, Britain wasexperiencing a severe shortage of energy. Because ofthe growth of population, most of the great forests of medieval Britain had long ago beenreplaced by fields of grain and hay. Wood was in ever-shorter supply, yet it remainedtremendously important. It served as the primary source of heat for all homes and industriesand as a basic raw material. Processed wood (charcoal) was the fuel that was mixed with ironore in the blast furnace to produce pig iron (raw iron). The iron industry’s appetite for woodwas enormous, and by 1740 the British iron industry was stagnating. Vast forests enabledRus sia to become the world’s leading producer of iron, much of which was exported to Britain. But Russia’s potential for growth was limited too, and in a few decades Russia would reach thebarrier of inadequate energy that was already holding England back.【2】As this early energy crisis grew worse, Britain looked toward its abundant and widelyscattered reserves of coal as an alternative to its vanishing wood. Coal was first used in Britainin the late Middle Ages as a source of heat. By 1640 most homes in London were heated withit, and it also provided heat for making beer, glass, soap, and other products. Coal was notused, however, to produce mechanical energy or to power machinery. It was there thatcoal’s potential wad enormous.【3】As more coal was produced, mines were dug deeper and deeper and were constantlyfilling with water. Mechanical pumps, usually powered by hundreds of horses waling in circlesatthe surface, had to be installed Such power was expensive and bothersome. In an attempt toovercome these disadvantages, Thomas Savery in 1698 and Thomas Newcomen in 1705 invented the first primitive steam engines. Both engines were extremely inefficient. Bothburned coal to produce steam, which was then used to operate a pump. However, by theearly 1770s, many of the Savery engines and hundreds of the Newcomen engines wereoperating successfully, though inefficiently, in English and Scottish mines.【4】In the early 1760s, a gifted young Scot named James Watt was drawn to a critical studyof the steam engine. Watt was employed at the time by the University of Glasgow as a skilledcrafts worker making scientific instruments. In 1763: Watt was called on to repair a Newcomenengine being used in a physics course. After a series of observations, Watt saw that theNewcomen’s wast e of energy could be reduced by adding a separate condenser. This splendidinvention, patented in 1769, greatly increased the efficiency of the steam engine. The steamengine of Watt and his followers was the technological advance that gave people, at least for awhile, unlimited power and allowed the invention and use of all kinds of power equipment.【5】The steam engine was quickly put to use in several industries in Britain. It drained minesand made possible the production of ever more coal to feed steam engines elsewhere. Thesteam power plant began to replace waterpower in the cotton-spinning mills as well as otherindustries during the 1780s, contributing to a phenomenal rise in industrialization. TheBritish iron industry was radically transformed. The use of powerful, steam-driven bellows inblast furnaces helped iron makers switchover rapidly from limited charcoal to unlimited coke(which is made from coal) in the smelting of pig iron (the process of refining impure iron) after1770 in the 1780s, Henry Cort developed the puddling furnace, which allowed pig iron to berefined in turn with coke. Cort also developed heavy-duty, steam-powered rolling mills, whichwere capable of producing finished iron in every shape and form.【6】The economic consequence of these technical innovations in steam power was a greatboom in the British iron industry. In 1740 annual British iron production was only 17:000 tons, but by 1844: with the spread of coke smelting and the impact of Cort’s inventions, it hadincreased to 3,000:000 to ns. This was a truly amazing expansion. Once scarce and expensive, iron became cheap, basic, and indispensable to the economy.试题1.What can be inferred from paragraph 1 aboutBritain's short supply of wood in the eighteenthcentury?A.Wood from Britain’s gr eat forests was beingexported to other countries for profit.B.A growing population had required cutting down forests to increase available land forfarming.rger families required the construction of larger homes made from wood.D.What was left of the great forests after the medieval period was being strictly protected.2.Select TWO answer choices that, according to paragraph 1, are true statementsabout Russia’s iron industry in the eighteenth century. To obtain credit, you mustselect TWO answer choices.A.Russia reached its maximum production of iron at the sametime as Britain.B.Russia exported much of its iron production to Britain.C.Russia’s appetite for iron increased rapidly after 1740.D.Russia’s energy resourceseventually became insufficient and limited the growth of its iron industry.3.The word "abundant" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.reliableB.plentifulC.well-preservedD.existing4.Why are "beer, glass, soap, and other products" mentioned in the discussion ofBritain’s energy?A.To help explain why the energy crisis was so severeB.To show that despite the energy crisis and as early as 1640, London homes were advancedand well suppliedC.To emphasize that after 1640, British homes required energy for more than heatD.To indicate that coal had been used for the production of certain products before theeighteenth century5.According to paragraph 3, all of the following are ways in which the Savery andNewcomen engines were similar EXCEPT:A.Both became relatively inexpensive after the 1770s.B.Both produced steam by burning coal.C.Both were used to operate pumps.D.Both were very inefficient.6.The word "gifted" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.independentB.talentedC.famousD.ambitious7.According to paragraph 4, what was Jam es Watt’s major achievement?A. He was able to apply his understanding of physics to invent a variety of scientificinstruments and tools for skilled crafts workers.B.He taught university physics courses to outstanding students whose observations led tomany patented inventions.C.He improved the efficiency of Newcomen’s engine by preventing energy from being lost.D.He redesigned Newcomen’s engine so that it no longer needed a separate condenser.8.The word "splendid" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.originalB.necessaryC.magnificentD.popular9.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 5 as a development thatgreatly changed the production of iron?A.The use of coke in the smelting of pig ironB.The invention of a furnace that used coke to refine ironC.The discovery of a method for increasing the production of charcoalD.The invention of powerful machinery that could shape, form, and finish iron10.In paragraph 6, why does the author compare British iron production in 1740 withthat of 1844?A.To contrast the amounts of iron needed in Britain in two different centuriesB.To illustrate how easy it was to make money using Cort’s inventionC.To demonstrate the tremendous growth of the iron industry in BritainD.To demonstrate how inexpensive coal had become11.The word "indispensable" in the passage is closest in meaning toA.advantageousB.essentialC.less costlyD.highly stimulating12.According to the passage, which of the following is true about the development ofsteam power?A.The steam e ngine’s basic technology can be traced back to medieval Britain when steam-powered machinery was being tried in farming activities.B.Although Russia and Britain developed steam-power technology simultaneously, Britain wasfirst to try it in a large-scale industry due to a greater need for iron.C.Steam-power technology was largely the result of improvements developed to increase thesupply of coal as a primary source of energy.D.Adaptations to steam engines required for their use in cotton-spinning mills led to radicaldevelopments in machinery used in the iron industry.13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could beadded to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit? Energy had not been aproblem for Britain in the past because it relied on a rich source of energy: its vastforests.By the eighteenth century, Britain was experiencing a severe shortage of energy. ■【A】 Because of the growth of population, most of the great forests of medieval Britain had longago been repl aced by fields of grain and hay. ■【B】Wood was in ever-shorter supply, yet itremained tremendously important. ■【C】It served as the primary source of heat for allhomes and industries and as a basic raw material. ■【D】Processed wood (charcoal) was thefuel that was mixed with iron ore in the blast furnace to produce pig iron (raw iron). The ironindustry’s appetite for wood was enormous, and by 1740 the British iron industry wasstagnating. Vast forests enabled Russia to become the world’s leading producer of iron, much ofwhich was exported to Britain. But Russia’s potential for growth was limited too, and in a fewdecades Russia would reach the barrier of inadequate energy that was already holdingEngland back.14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage of thepassage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answerchoices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choicesdo not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented inthe passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This questions is worth 2 points.By the eighteenth century, Britain was experiencing a severe shortage of energy.A.The development of blast furnaces for the manufacture of pig iron made the Britain lessdependent on wood.B.After the medieval period, both Russia and Britain began to look for alternative sources ofenergy, such as steam power, in order to maintain the growth of their iron industries.C.Two inventors designed the first steam engines in order toovercome the disadvantages ofrelying on horses to power the pumps used in mining coal.D.James Watt was able to improve upon the efficiency of the steam engine and make it usefulto several industries.E.The puddling furnace increased the availability of charcoal to a variety of industries fromcotton to iron production.F.Steam power increased coal production, which in turn allowed extraordinary growth of theiron industry and the British economy.参考答案1.B2.BD3.B4.D5.A6.B7.C8.C9.C 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.CDF。
2016年下半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2016年下半年笔译三级综合能力真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Grammar 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze TestPART 1 V ocabulary and Grammar (25 points)This part consists of three sections. Read the directions for each section before answering the questions. The time for this part is 25 minutes.SECTION 1 V ocabulary SelectionIn the section, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences. There is only ONE right answer.1．Many people find Stanley Jordan’s music entertaining. Listening to it helps them to relax and to______the tensions they feel at the end of the day.A．alterB．alleviateC．allureD．alternate正确答案：B解析：(1)句子结构。
题干有两个句子，句子结构都是主动宾补(SVOC)，其中第一句中形容词entertaining作宾语Stanley Jordan’s music的补语，对宾语进行补充说明。
2016年托福独立写作真题题目汇总
20161105 science, technology, engineering and math that are likely to lead to job opportunities rather than subjects they might be interested in.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: 你同意还是不同意下面的这个观点： 20160911 One can learn about another person by the books and 我们能够从一个人喜欢的书和电影来
movies that person likes.
Some teachers just lecturing(speaking) on the class and students only take notes ；some other teachers make
20161112 their class time on discussion and projection and students
了解一个人。
The government cover internet fee or individual shohld 20160910
pay the internet fee/
你同不同意以下陈述？政府应该提供 免费的网络权限；人们应该不用花费 什么就可以上网。
人们保护和提高自 useful action for people to help protect
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People can solve important problems in daily 20161113 life on their own or with the help from families, so the help from government is not necessary.
2016年托福（TOEFL）考试阅读模拟试题及答案
2016年托福（TOEFL）考试阅读模拟试题及答案Jazz has been called “the art of expression set to music”, and “america’s great contribution to music”. it has functioned as popular art and enjoyed periods of fairly widespread public response, in the “jazz age” of the 1920s, in the “swing era” of the late 1930s and in the peak popularity of modern jazz in the late 1950s. the standard legend about jazz is that it originated around the end of the 19th century in new orleans and moved up the mississippi river to memphis, st. louis, and finally to chicago. it welded together the elements of ragtime, marching band music, and the blues. however, the influences of what led to those early sounds goes back to tribal african drum beats and european musical structures. buddy bolden, a new orleans barber and cornet player, is generally considered to have been the first real jazz musician, around 1891.what made jazz significantly different from the other earlier forms of music was the use of improvisation. jazz displayed a break from traditional music where a composer wrote an entire piece of musicon paper, leaving the musicians to break their backs playing exactly what was written on the score. in a jazz piece, however, the song is simply a starting point, or sort of skeletal guide for the jazz musicians to improvise around. actually, many of the early jazz musicians were bad sight readers and some couldn’t even read music at all. generally speaking, these early musicians couldn’t make very much money and were stuck working menial jobs to make a living. the second wave of new orleans jazz musicians included such memorable players as joe oliver, kid ory, and jelly roll morton. these men formed small bands and took the music of earlier musicians, improved its complexity, and gained grea ter success. this music is known as “hot jazz” due to the enormously fast speeds and rhythmic drive.a young cornet player by the name of louis armstrong was discovered by joe oliver in new orleans. he soon grew up to become one of the greatest and most successful musicians of all time, and later one of the biggest stars in the world. the impact of armstrong and other talented early jazz musicians changed the way we look at music.1. the passage answers which of the following questions?(a) why did ragtime, marching band music, and the blues lose popularity after about 1900?(b) what were the origins of jazz and how did it differ from other forms of music?(c) what has been the greatest contribution of cornet players to music in the twentieth century?(d) which early jazz musicians most influenced the development of blues music?. according to the passage, jazz originated in(a) chicago(b) st. louis(c) along the mississippi river(d) new orleans. th e word “welded” in line is closest in meaning to(a) squeezed(b) bound(c) added(d) stirred. which of the following distinguished jazz as anew form of musical expression?(a) the use of cornets(b) “hot jazz”(c) improvisation(d) new orleans. the word “skeletal” in line 1is closest in meaning to(a) framework(b) musical(c) basic(d) essential bsp;talented early jazz musicians changed the way we look at music.。
2016年3月19日托福写作真题及解析
独立写作2016.3.19Students in a university club want to help others, but theycan only choose one project a year, which one of the following is the best?1. help those students in a nearby primary school with reading and mathematics;2. help people who cannot afford to build or rent a home to build a house;3. visit and assist elderly people with daily tasks.三选一：大学社团选择一个援助项目：1. 给附近的小学生提供阅读和数学辅导;2. 给没能力支付住房的人建房子;3. 拜访并协助老年人完成日常琐事。
分析题型：三选一的题目，最好三个观点都分析到。
文章结构可以选择两段或三段式，非常灵活。
既可以段间对比，三个选项各占一段;又可以段内对比，找出两到三个可以对比的点，分别把三个选项对比一番。
解题思路：本题为教育类话题，大学生社团活动，给出的三个选项可以结合教育类的常用思路：是否能提高学生的综合能力、该活动对大学生来讲是否可行等。
范文：Student clubs, from the first day they came into being, have been encouraged and supported by universities throughout the world. With the aim of enriching the social, practical and academic experiences, they have also gained popularity among both parents and students. Usually, the club activities should be feasible and beneficial to students in one way or another. Therefore, compared with tutoring primary school students and dealing with daily tasks for the old, I think building houses is a project that will yield tangible results.First, by designing and constructing a building, the students themselves will learn to transfer their academic knowledge to practice. It has been widely acknowledged that the purpose of education is to cultivate talents for society, the ones who are able to contribute to our better quality of life. University students have spent at least twelve years accumulating knowledge, and it’s tim e for them to show the society what they have mastered. Building a house requires knowledge of various aspects, from architectural design to construction engineering, from interior design to the arrangement of the entire landscape, all of which can only be accomplished with the joint effort by students of different majors. During the whole process, the club members will not only polish their professional skills, but also learn how to cooperate with others in a team. In this regard, assisting the old in their daily chores seems a little trivial and time-consuming, since nothing except a slight sense of achievement will be gained from this project.Second, offering instructions in reading and mathematics to those younger school age children is by no means an easy job for university students. Do not assume that those future social elites are capable of teaching kids. As we know, children usually lack the ability of self-control and they need to be inspired, which means strict rules and proper methods are indispensable in carrying out efficient tutoring. Primary teachers, although not so adept at academic theories, are definitely experienced in stimulating children’s interest and steering their thinking.Anyone without the training had better not to make an attempt since if they accidentally distinguish the children’s passion in learning, the result could be irreversible. However, there is no doubt thatuniversity students have the ability to build a sound and comfortable house for the ones in need. Therefore, they should do what they are good at.To sum up, since club activities should aim at improving students’ ability instead of causing troubles, it is better for students to design and construct a building for the underprivileged.。
2016年托福阅读模拟试题及答案解析（6）
Although only 1 person in 20 in the Colonial period lived in a city, the cities had a disproportionate influence on the development of North America. They were at the cutting edge of social change. It was in the cities that the elements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared — the use of money and commercial paper in place of barter, open competition in place of social deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and the appearance of factories using coat or water power in place of independent craftspeople working with hand tools. "The cities predicted the future," wrote historian Gary. B. Nash, "even though they were but overgrown villages compared to the great urban centers of Europe, the Middle East and China." Except for Boston, whose population stabilized at about 16,000 in 1760, cities grew by exponential leaps through the eighteenth century. In the fifteen years prior to the outbreak of the War for independence in 1775, more than 200,000 immigrants arrived on North American shores. This meant that a population the size of Boston was arriving every year, and most of it flowed into the port cities in the Northeast. Philadelphia's population nearly doubted in those years, reaching about 30,000 in 1774, New York grew at almost the same rate, reaching about 25,000 by 1775. The quality of the hinterland dictated the pace of growth of the cities. The land surrounding Boston had always been poor farm country, and by the mid-eighteenth century it was virtually stripped of its timber. The available farmland was occupied, there was little in the region beyond the city to attract immigrants. New York and Philadelphia, by contrast, served a rich and fertile hinterland laced with navigable watercourses. Scots, Irish, and Germans landed in these cities and followed the rivers inland. The regions around the cities of New York and Philadelphia became the breadbaskets of North America, sending grain not only to other colonies but also to England and southern Europe, where crippling droughts in the late 1760's created a whole new market. 1. Which of the following aspects of North America in the eighteenth century does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The effects of war on the growth of cities (B) The growth and influence of cities (C) The decline of farming in areas surrounding cities (D) The causes of immigration to cities 2. Why does the author say that "the cities had a disproportionate influence on the development of North America" (lines 1-2)? (A) The influence of the cities was mostly negative (B) The populations of the cities were small, but their influence was great. (C) The cities were growing at a great rate. (D) Most people pretended to live in cities 3. The phrase "in place of " in lines 4-5 is closest in meaning to (A) connected to (B) in addition to (C) because of (D) instead of 4. The word "attendant伴随的" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) avoidable (B) accompanying (C) unwelcome (D) unexpected 5. Which of the following is mentioned as an element of modern capitalism? (B) Social deference (C) Social hierarchy (D) Independent craftspeople 6. It can be inferred that in comparison with North American cities, cities in Europe, the Middle East, and China had (A) large populations (B) little independence (C) frequent social disorder (D) few power sources 7. The phrase "exponential迅猛的 leaps" in line 12 is closest in meaning to (A) long wars (B) new laws (C) rapid increases (D) exciting changes 8. The word "it" in line 15 refers to (A) population (B) size (C) Boston (D) Year 9. How many immigrants arrived in North America between 1760 and 1775? (A) About 16,000 (B) About 25,000 (C) About 30,000 (D) More than 200,000 10. The word "dictated决定" in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) spoiled (B) reduced (C) determined (D) divided 11. The word "virtually⼏乎" in line 20 is closest in meaning to (A) usually (B) hardly (C) very quickly (D) almost completely 12. The region surrounding New York and Philadelphia is contrasted with the region surrounding Boston in terms of (B) origin of immigrants (C) opportunities for fishing (D) type of grain grown 13. Why does the author describe the regions around the cities of New York and Philadelphia as "breadbaskets"? (A) They produced grain especially for making bread. (B) They stored large quantities of grain during periods of drought (C) They supplied grain to other parts of North America and other countries. (D) They consumed more grain than all the other regions of North America. BBDBA ACADC DAC。
2016年3月19日托福写作范文.pdf
2016年3月19日托福写作范文题目：Students in a university club want to help others,but they can only choose one project a year,which one of the following is the best?1.help those students in a nearby primary school with reading and mathematics;2.help people who cannot afford to build or rent a home to build a house;3. visit and assist elderly people with daily tasks.范文：Student clubs,from the first day they came into being,have been encouraged and supported by universities throughout the world.With the aim of enriching the social,practical and academic experiences,they have also gained popularity among both parents and ually,the club activities should be feasible and beneficial to students in one way or another. Therefore,compared with tutoring primary school students and dealing with daily tasks for the old,I think building houses is a project that will yield tangible results.First,by designing and constructing a building,the students themselves will learn to transfer their academic knowledge to practice.It has been widely acknowledged that the purpose of education is to cultivate talents for society,the ones who are able to contribute to our better quality of life.University students have spent at least twelve years accumulating knowledge,and it’s time for them to show the society what they have mastered. Building a house requires knowledge of various aspects,from architectural design to construction engineering,from interior design to the arrangement of the entire landscape,all of which can only be accomplished with the joint effort by students ofdifferent majors.During the whole process,the club members will not only polish their professional skills,but also learn how to cooperate with others in a team.In this regard,assisting the old in their daily chores seems a little trivial and time-consuming, since nothing except a slight sense of achievement will be gained from this project.Second,offering instructions in reading and mathematics to those younger school age children is by no means an easy job for university students.Do not assume that those future social elites are capable of teaching kids.As we know,children usually lack the ability of self-control and they need to be inspired,which means strict rules and proper methods are indispensable in carrying out efficient tutoring.Primary teachers,although not so adept at academic theories,are definitely experienced in stimulating children‘s interest and steering their thinking. Anyone without the training had better not to make an attempt, since if they accidentally distinguish the children‘s passion in learning,the result could be irreversible.However,there is no doubt that university students have the ability to build a sound and comfortable house for the ones in need.Therefore,they should do what they are good at.To sum up,since club activities should aim at improving students’ability instead of causing troubles,it is better for students to design and construct a building for the underprivileged.。
3月19日托福阅读真题及答案解析
3月19日托福阅读真题及答案解析2016年3月19日托福阅读真题及答案解析在托福备考的四个项目中，相对而言，阅读还是比较难的，就2016年3月19日托福阅读，下面YJBYS店铺为大家搜索整理了相关的真题及答案解析，欢迎参考阅读，希望对大家有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们应届毕业生培训网!阅读部分词汇题ardent=enthusiasticcompelling=persuasivescanty=fewdistinctive=characteristicsconfine=restrict toresemble= look likelone=singlePassage 1 The extinction trends 灭绝趋势文章解析第一篇文章一共五段，第一段开篇以物种数量的变化趋势引出extinction(大灭绝)的概念，然后对geological time(地质时间)中的extinction的情况做了大体描述。
第二段讨论这些灭绝的原因，除了气候因素、小行星撞地球外，提出人为因素，本段的考题主要是人为因素影响灭绝的时间要注意。
第三段写最近一次的冰川时期，美国北部和亚欧大陆北部都覆盖着广阔的冰川，生活在这些冰川地带南部边界的人们的生活方式为打猎，人们为了获得食物打猎致使大量的物种灭绝。
第四段写农业的产生改变的人们的生活方式，人们为了开垦土地种庄稼进一步破坏自然，导致大量物种的灭绝。
最后一段写欧洲殖民(European colonies)对当地带来的影响，导致物种大量灭绝。
解析：最近连考大灭绝话题，足见ETS对这个话题的重视度。
本篇文章表面上看在讲大灭绝，实质上同样把人类的发展史与物种的灭绝结合起来考，建议考生把文章中涉及的相关背景知识都做一个较好的了解，如：冰川世纪、农业的起源、欧洲和美国发展史，当然学科词汇必不可少。
相信对背景全面的了解、对词汇的熟练的掌握，能够帮考生们很好的应对这篇文章。
参考阅读：TPO 15 Mass ExtinctionsTPO 8 Extinction of the DinosaursTPO 15 Glacier FormationTPO 21 The Origins of AgricultureTPO 33 Extinction Episodes of the PastPassage 2 水生昆虫如何躲避捕食者本篇文章分为四个段落，第一段通过写生物有各种各样的方法伪装自己以便躲避捕食者，引出水生昆虫如何躲避捕食者，主要写颜色这个方面。
托福考试ibt真题解析
托福考试ibt真题解析2016年托福考试ibt真题解析在已经过去的2016年托福考试中，ibt专区有哪些真题值得解析的呢?为此店铺为大家解析2016年托福考试的ibt专区真题。
2016年托福考试ibt真题：写作T1：Ø Topic：Peru沙漠里的一种地形Nazca lines，关于Nazca lines 存在的三种理论Ø 阅读1：作为astronomical calendar，去跟踪一些特殊的events，比如说冬至。
也有发现表明它确实与一些天体有关系。
Ø 阅读2：for monumental arts, 总而彰显当地的文化和地位及重要性。
就像埃及见金字塔一样。
Ø 阅读3：人们留下的足迹。
有可能最为跑步的赛道。
Ø 听力1：阅读里没有提到有sky中很多天体这一事实，所以阅读里所说的相关可能只是偶然。
Ø 听力2：实际上这些lines 很大，只有在高空中才可以看到它的全貌，而如果站在附件的话，不能够进行识别，也不会给人留下深刻的印象。
Ø 听力3：这些lines有一些是images of animals, too complex for human’s footstep.另外听力推测，当地有宗教习惯是走一些不寻常的路径，所以有可能这些lines是religious ritual留下来的。
Ø Sample answerThe writer and the speaker have a debate on why Nazca Lines Images were created. The writer puts forward three theories, which are opposed by the following lecture.First, the writer claims that they are astronomical calendar, because there is relationship between images and planets/stars. While the speaker views this issue from an opposite angle, according to him/her, in fact, images and astronomical events donot match vastly. Since there are numerous stars in the sky, only a small part of images match astronomical planets just by chance.Secondly, the passage states that people in Peru want to use Nazca Lines images to show off their cultures and achievements. However, the speaker casts doubt on this opinion by saying that the Nazca lines are so huge, so that people can only see it above high level. Images will be impressive when seen from overhead. Pyramids are impressive because they are huge and tall.Last, the writer argues that the images are used for racetracks. By contrast, in accordance with the speaker, this claim does not hold water. When travelling, people can use more convenient Mark, such as tree. Some images like spiders and monkeys are too complex for people to track. Besides, it is more likely that the images are used in rituals. Religious ceremonies include walking.T2：Ø 原题：The government can take a variety of actions to help protect the environment. Which one of the following do you think is the most important for the nation’s government to take to protect the environment.1. Fund the research to develop environmentally friendly energy sources such as solar andwind energy.2. Preserve the natural places like forests and protect the animals that live there.3. Enforce laws to prevent the pollution of air and water by large companies.Ø Sample answerTaking a panoramic view of human history, we can readily find that the natural environment plays an enormously important role in determining the future of each and every country. Giventhe great significance of clean environment, the general public as well as the governors begin to wonder which one is the most essential action to protect the environment among the following three options: funding new energy research, preserving natural habitat or enacting strict laws. Towards such a long-running tug-of-war, I am inclined to argue that national governments should invest financial support in developing new energy sources.Initially, spending more money in discovering new energy can radically solve the various environmental problems. As is common sense, the deteriorating environment is the result of the overexploitation of fossil fuels, including coal, oil and natural gas. To be specific, numerous chemical plants usually burn the coal to provide power for manufacturing all kinds of goods designed to satisfy the basic needs of the general public. As a result, a large amounts of industrial wastes are discharged to take a toll on the natural environment. Also, an increasing number of petrol-powered automobiles will definitely emit car exhaust (e.g. fumes and toxic gas), which can increase the likelihood of the public suffering from respiratory diseases. All the above problems related to environment can be resolved by find new and clean energy like solar energy, wind power and tidal power. Undoubtedly, replacing the traditional energy with the new ones can dramatically decrease the pollution and contamination, thus leading to a better living environment. For example, once the cars uses the electricity instead of petrol, the air quality will improve to a large extent.Secondly, there are conspicuous limitation of the other two options. As for preserving natural places, the effect of this practice is relatively restricted. To illustrate, the traditional energy sources are usually exploited and discovered in the natural places.Consequently, the preservation of natural places will hinder the access to various energy and thus impede the progress of the whole society. Also, the same logic applies to passing laws to reduce pollution. It is an indisputable fact that across the globe, many countries now are heavily dependent on the industries and factories which produce pollutions. In other words, once the law of punishing these companies is enforced, these corporation may have to cut down their output and make less profits, even ending up going bankrupt. Accordingly, the national economy and the living standard of the public will suffer too.Factoring what has been discussed above, we can conclude that funding research of environmental friendly energy will be more preferable, because finding proper alternative energy is the key to solving the environmental problems comprehensively. 2016年托福考试ibt真题：听力C1：大意：学生想上Smith的中世纪的文学课，但是人数已满，学生问听力中的教授可不可以签字授权上Smith的课，教授说应该不行，因为Smith教授对政策很严格，除非有人放弃课程。
2016托福试题及答案
2016托福试题及答案
1. 阅读部分
阅读材料1：
[阅读材料内容]
问题1：根据阅读材料1，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？
A. 观点A
B. 观点B
C. 观点C
D. 观点D
答案：C
问题2：阅读材料1中提到的现象，最有可能的解释是什么？
A. 解释A
B. 解释B
C. 解释C
D. 解释D
答案：B
2. 听力部分
听力材料1：
[听力材料内容]
问题1：在听力材料1中，演讲者主要讨论了什么？
A. 讨论A
B. 讨论B
C. 讨论C
D. 讨论D
答案：A
问题2：根据听力材料1，演讲者对某个观点的态度是什么？
A. 支持
B. 反对
C. 中立
D. 未明确
答案：B
3. 口语部分
口语题目1：
[口语题目内容]
答案：[口语答案示例]
口语题目2：
[口语题目内容]
答案：[口语答案示例]
4. 写作部分
综合写作题目：
[综合写作题目内容]
答案：[综合写作答案示例]
独立写作题目：
[独立写作题目内容]
答案：[独立写作答案示例]
请注意，以上内容仅为示例，实际的托福试题及答案应根据官方发布的试题和答案进行编写。
托福考试专项试题及答案
托福考试专项试题及答案2016年托福考试专项试题及答案1、The word "accordingly" in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) however(B) consequently(C)nevertheless(D)ultimately2、The word "administered" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) managed(B) recognized(C) opposed(D) justified(原文)The National Marine Sanctuaries Program is administered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a branch of the United States Department of Commerce.3.1、The word "surge" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) sharp increase(B) sudden stop(C) important change(D) excess amount(原文)The interaction of improve processing and high demand led to the rapid spread of the cultivation of cotton and to a surge in production.3.2、The word "meticulously" in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) heavily(B) initially(C) carefully(D) completely(原文)The clay used in prehistoric pot making was invariably selected with the utmost care. Often it was traded over considerable distances. The consistency of the clay was crucial; it was pounded meticulously and mixed with water to make it entirely even in texture. By careful kneading, the potter removed the air bubbles and made the clay as plastic as possible.4.1.The word "laborious" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) unfamiliar(B) primitive(C) skilled(D) difficult(原文)Cotton could be grown throughout the South, but separating the fiber---or lint--from the seed was a laborious process.4.2.The word "pits" in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) stages(B) scars(C) seeds(D) holes(原文)The Anasazi lived in houses constructed of adobe and wood. Anasazi houses were originally built in pits and were entered from the roof. But around the year 700 A.D., the Anasazi began to build their homes above ground and join them together into rambling multistoried complexes, which the Spanish called pueblos or villages.5.1.The phrase "forward-looking" in line 4 is closest in meaning to(A) progressive(B) popular(C) thrifty(D) well-established(原文)Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter.5.2.The phrase "hinged on" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) recovered from(B) depended on(C) started on(D) contributed to解析：(原文)Industrial growth hinged on several economic factors.。
2016年3月19日雅思写作预测小范围25题及语料库（小鹏哥版）
【考情回顾】 【社会类】 In many countries women allowed to take maternity leave from their jobs during the first months after the birth of their babies. Do advantages outweigh disadvantages? 很多⼥性在⽣产后⼀个⽉会休产假，是否利⼤于弊?(2016年2⽉27⽇) 【观点类】 We can get knowledge from news. But some people even think we should not trust the journalists. What do you think? And what do you think are the important qualities that a journalist should have? 现在⼈们获取信息的途径都是看新闻和报纸，但他们同时⼜不确定信息的真实性。
我们应该相信记者报道的吗?作为称职的记者应该具备怎样的品质? (2016年3⽉5⽇= 2011年6⽉4⽇) 【动物类】 In modern world, it is no longer necessary to use animals for food or use animal products, for instance, clothing and medicines. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 现代社会，没有必要以动物为⾷物，或使⽤动物制品，例如服饰药物，是否认同?(2016年3⽉12⽇) 【⼩鹏哥说】 2016年开年的历次考试，难度适中，难易搭配。
依然以环保类，⼴告类，教育类等热点为主。
题⽬选择源于题库，即有原题重现，也有旧题改写。
2016年2⽉27⽇雅思写作考察了⾮常奇葩的⼥性休产假的利弊，3⽉5⽇考察尘封已久的好记者的品质，3⽉12⽇考察概率极低的动物类话题。
3月全国英语等级考试三级真题写作及答案
3月全国英语等级考试三级真题写作及答案2016年3月全国英语等级考试三级真题写作及答案2016年下半年的公共英语考试越来越近了，为了大家更清楚公共英语三级作文的难易程度，下面yjbys网店铺为大家提供关于2016年3月公共英语考试三级真题写作及参考答案，供大家参考。
小作文：你刚参加过了一次可怕的外国旅行，你给一个英语在线论坛发布信息1)告诉其他旅客一些你的坏的经历2)给他们一些关于旅行的建议你要写100个单词,不要在你的留言结束时写上自己的名字，请使用‘wang lin ”这个名字大作文：上个周末我很吃惊的看到了你的舞蹈表演，当你的老师和校友祝贺你这次的成功的.时候我为你感到自豪，当你继续享受的这个时刻我想和你分享，我想这些话会在你人生的转折点起到指导作用，当你在这次成就中为你感到自豪的时候，知道在这个时刻没有界限，记住这句话“一切都会过去”，当你在你人生中不同的时刻，并且不知道做什么，也可以用这句话找到自信。
凡是你记忆中痛苦的回忆，都可以用这句话来安慰自己阅读这篇短文，写120字的文章，你应该用你自己的语言总结一下文字和评论的关键点。
小作文参考答案：你刚参加过了一次可怕的外国旅行，你给一个英语在线论坛发布信息1)告诉其他旅客一些你的坏的经历2)给他们一些关于旅行的建议你要写100个单词,不要在你的留言结束时写上自己的名字，请使用‘wang lin ”这个名字Hello everyone , my name is Wang Lin . I went to aboard forvocation with my friends last month . This trip was arranged by a local travel agency.At that day , we went to the airport early . It is excited me because it's the first time I took the plane. Unfortunately , our airplane delayed . As an old saying goes, Disasters pile up on one another. My wallet was stolen by a thief when I went sightseeing a palace .I lost all my cash and cards so I can only reapply for my passport .A bad beginning makes a bed ending . There are some tips I want to tell u : Firstly , do not order the ticket from small airline . Secondly , watch out for your belongings outside . Last but not at least, you should get prepared for your important cards and certificates。
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2016年3月19日托福写作真题及答案解析
综合写作
阅读：Titan有三个unusual features很难解释
第一段：轨道不正常，其他卫星的轨道都是近乎圆形，而它的是偏椭圆
第二段：有massive depressions出现在两极,别的星球有depression是因为有火山，而没证据表明它周围有火山
第三段：沙丘的方向，sand dunes，别的星球上沙丘的slope方向和风的方向是一致的，而Titan上是相反的
听力：阅读里说的三个特质可以被解释
第一段：Titan周围有很多moon组合在一起，轨道交错，因此互相影响
第二段：形成原因和地球上类似，rainfall collects water，石头被液体溶解，长时间形成坑
第三段：Titan和地球不一样，沙子太重，普通的风太弱吹不动，最近一个westward storm比往常的风大10倍，而且方向相反，所以能吹动沙子。
独立写作
Students in a university club want to help others,but they can only choose one project a year,which one of the following is the best?1.help those students in a nearby primary school with reading and mathematics;2.help people who cannot afford to build or rent a home to build a house;3.visit and assist elderly people with daily tasks.
三选一：大学社团选择一个援助项目：1.给附近的小学生提供阅读和数学辅导;2.给没能力支付住房的人建房子;3.拜访并协助老年人完成日常琐事。
分析题型：三选一的题目，最好三个观点都分析到。
文章结构可以选择两段或三段式，非常灵活。
既可以段间对比，三个选项各占一段;又可以段内对比，找出两到三个可以对比的点，分别把三个选项对比一番。
解题思路：本题为教育类话题，大学生社团活动，给出的三个选项可以结合教育类的常用思路：是否能提高学生的综合能力、该活动对大学生来讲是否可行等。
范文：
Student clubs,from the first day they came into being,have been encouraged and supported by universities throughout the world.With the aim of enriching the social,practical and academic experiences,they have also gained popularity among both parents and ually,the club activities should be feasible and beneficial to students in one way or another. Therefore,compared with tutoring primary school students and dealing with daily tasks for the old,I think building houses is a project that will yield tangible results.
First,by designing and constructing a building,the students themselves will learn to transfer their academic knowledge to practice.It has been widely acknowledged that the purpose of education is to cultivate talents for society,the ones who are able to contribute to our better quality of life.University students have spent at least twelve years accumulating knowledge,and it’s time for them to show the society what they have mastered. Building a house requires knowledge of various aspects,from
architectural design to construction engineering,from interior design to the arrangement of the entire landscape,all of which can only be accomplished with the joint effort by students of different majors.During the whole process,the club members will not only polish their professional skills,but also learn how to cooperate with others in a team.In this regard,assisting the old in their daily chores seems a little trivial and time-consuming, since nothing except a slight sense of achievement will be gained from this project.
Second,offering instructions in reading and mathematics to those younger school age children is by no means an easy job for university students.Do not assume that those future social elites are capable of teaching kids.As we know,children usually lack the ability of self-control and they need to be inspired,which means strict rules and proper methods are indispensable in carrying out efficient tutoring.Primary teachers,although not so adept at academic theories,are definitely experienced in stimulating children’s interest and steering their thinking. Anyone without the training had better not to make an attempt, since if they accidentally distinguish the children’s passion in learning,the result could be irreversible.However,there is no doubt that university students have the ability to build a sound and comfortable house for the ones in need.Therefore,they should do what they are good at.
To sum up,since club activities should aim at improving students’ability instead of causing troubles,it is better for students to design and construct a building for the underprivileged.。