短文改错与语法填空考点对比
高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 2、短文改错
答题技巧
二、名词单复数的误用及近义词的混用 考点剖析此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面: 1.可数名词单复数形式误用 2.可数名词与不可数名词的混用 3.用于固定词组中的一些名词的用法 4.同义词或反义词的混用 5.名词指代上下文单复数不符 方法突破 1.理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系 2.记清一些用于固定词组中的名词的特殊用法 3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词
解题策略
2.重点关注 (1)关注该题所涉及的一致性问题:主要包括主谓一致,时态、语 态一致,代词指代一致,名词的数与格的一致,句式结构与语意一致, 行文关系的一致等。 (2)关注词性问题:了解主要词类的语法作用及其在句中的经常性 位置。如:名词在句中一般做主语、宾语、表语;动词做谓语;形容 词充当表语、定语和宾语补足语;副词则充当状语,修饰形容词、 动词乃至句子。 (3)关注固定搭配:主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭 配;副词与动词的固定搭配;及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物 动词后少介词,英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。
【考点分析】 句子顺序 基本考点 第一句 形容词
第二句 动词
第三句 第四句 第五句 第五句 第六句 第七句 第八句 第九句
介词 连词 代词 非谓语动词 动词的语态 定语从句引导词 动词的时态 名词
具体分析 修饰名词用形容词 先行词people和后面的dancers and cyclists提示动词用复数形式 后跟名词短语,用because of “当……的时候”用when 指代不一致 and前后的形式应该一致 没有被动含义,不用被动语态 非限制性定语从句 一般现在时 名词复数
答案:第二句 dish→dishes 第三句 tidying→tidy;whatever→whenever 第四句 doing前面加from 第五句 was→is 第六句 去掉they后面的are 第七句 most→more;mentally→mental 第八句 our→my 第九句 hopes→hope
【高考英语语法填空与短文改错】并列连词和状语从句,主谓一致,构词法常考点分析
常考点1
常考点2
综合演练提能
并列连词和状语从句 结 束
2．并列连词的常用句式 “祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”。当表示顺承关系时用and， 表示转折关系时用or。
常考点1
常考点2
综合演练提能
并列连词和状语从句 结 束
短文改错中的命题点(单句改错)
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.________________ 解析：so→but/yet 根据语境可知，前后两句之间为转折关 系，故把so改为but或yet。
4．As a result, he won the game but finally became famous throughout the country.________________ 解析：but→and 句意：结果，他赢得了比赛，闻名全国。 “won the game”和“became famous throughout the country” 之间是并列关系，故用连词and。
常考点1
常考点2
综合演练提能
并列连词和状语从句 结 束
3．(2017·江苏高考改编)Located ________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 解析：where 句意：由于位于“一带一路”的交汇处，江苏 将为“一带一路”的建设做出更大的贡献。where在此引导地 点状语从句。
高考语法倒装句含语法填空和短文改错考点预测
高考英语语法倒装句（含高考语法填空和短文改错考点预测）【高考考点透析】高考语法填空主要结合谓语动词考查完全倒装中的主谓一致，以与部分倒装中放在主语之前的助动词、情态动词、动词；高考短文改错也从这两个方面来考查。
（一）语法填空【高考题预测】1. .2. .3. .4. , .5. , .6 ’s ’t , .7. .8 （）,9 , （） .答案与解析：1 位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装结构，此处指过去所发生的动作，需用一般过去时，故答案为。
2句意：只有用这种方式你才能学好英语。
“状语”位于句首时，该句用部分倒装，根据句意需用情态动词。
3. 在 .. 句子结构中，和其所修饰的词置于句首时，要用部分倒装。
4. 句意：如果明天下雨, 我们就不去远足. = .5. 句意：虽然听起来很奇怪，他的观点在会上得到了所有人的认可。
引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序。
6. 前一个句子是否定句，故使用表示“也不”。
7. 句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室时她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。
“状语从句”置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装形式。
8 表示方位的地点状语提前，句子用完全倒装，是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用。
9. 副词提前，句子用完全倒装，时态是一般过去时，因此谓语动词用。
（二）短文改错【高考题预测】1 a a2, !3 ’s .4 .5 , .6 , .7. ’t .答案与解析：1 –主语a 是第三人称单数。
2. 副词放在句首且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装结构，由可知指代复数内容，故谓语动词用复数形式。
3. 去掉表地点的介词短语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装结构，谓语动词放到主语’s 前面，助动词多余。
4. 不能和连用，根据语境用一般将来时，因此要用。
5. 之前加否定词置于句首，句子用部分倒装，根据后面的时态，要用一般现在时，要用助动词构成部分倒装。
6. —前一个分句用了动词，因此后一个倒装句中要用助动词构成部分倒装。
7. 句意：简不会来参加我们今晚的宴会，汤姆也不会来。
突破2020-2022高考英语专题：语法填空和短文改错(有解析)
突破2020-2022高考英语专题：语法填空和短文改错语法填空和短文改错都是高考英语中重要的试题，它们都能检查学生的英语基础掌握情况，尤其是语法知识的掌握情况。
本专题分为三讲：第一讲语法填空，第二讲短文改错，第三讲不可不知的20条语法规则；最后是专题专项集训。
第一讲语法填空语法填空重在语境中考查考生的综合语言运用能力。
它是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语文章中，在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上，挖去10个空所为，这10个空根据有无提示词可分为有提示词类和无提示词类两种。
【了解命题规律】从近三年高考来看，语法填空的考点分布如下：一、有提示词类：设置7个小题低频考点,代词：0～1题。
一般给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容词性物主代词、反身代词等。
二、无提示词类：设置3个小题【掌握备考策略】一如何应对提示词为动词题【思维流程】二如何应对提示词为其他词题【思维流程】三如何应对纯空格题【思维流程】【即时训练】AAs the rain starts to pound on the windows，you may find your dog hiding under a low piece of furniture or in the corner of a dark room.It’s not unusual for a dog to attempt 1. (become)grounded during storms by seeking 2. lowest place in the house or some place near the house’s pipes.But why？As you might suspect，noise is one of the 3. (reason).Thunderstorms can frighten dogs with noise phobia，4. is a。
高考英语语法考点对比总结及练习(语法填空+短文改错)——动词类：时态与语态
●时态与语态语法填空考点目录（动词→谓语；同时考虑）1. 高考常考12种时态2. 时态与被动3. 时态与主谓一致高考常考12种时态（注：过去将来时：would do）1. 高考常考12种时态精选练习1. I ________ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed.2. It ________ (rain) when they left the station.3. Then he ________ (hide) behind a tree and waited.4. —Alvin, are you coming with us?—I’d love to, but something unexpected ________ (happen).5. We will start as soon as our team leader ________ (come).6. Unless extra money ________ (find), the theater will close.7. He’s always calm and never ________ (get) excited with her.8. And as soon as I put him up in the hotel, I ________ (drive) back.9. She ________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.10. —Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?—I’m sorry, but by then I ________ (fly) to Beijing. How about five?11. His first novel ________ (receive) good reviews since it came out last month.12. The three of us ________ (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.13. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ________ (play) the piano upstairs?14. Yes, his teacher says so. He ________ (work) hard at his lessons every evening for months. He wants to go to OxfordUniversity next year.15. I think Chinese people choose chopsticks, rather than knives and forks, because Chinese people, under the influence ofConfucianism, have traditionally ________ (consider) knives and forks as symbolizing a type of violence.1. The leaves ________ (turn) red.2. Don’t get off the bus until it ________ (stop).3. —Look! Somebody ________ (clean) the sofa.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.4. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ (be) sea.5. I knew he could help me if he ________ (be) free the next day.6. On the next birthday, Ann ________ (be) married for twenty years.7. —I didn’t ask for the name list. Why has it ________ (land) on my desk?—I put it there just now in case you needed it.8. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4025 ________ (take) off at 18:20.9. I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ (start) when I arrived.10. After Jack had sent some e-mails, he ________ (start) working on his project.11. Did you predict that many students ________ (sign) up for the dance competition?12. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ________ (graduate) from college.13. They made up their mind that they ________ (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.14. Shirley ________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.15. Close the door of fear behind you, and you ________ (see) the door of faith open before you.16. In recent years, learning Chinese ________ (become) popular among people around the world.17. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He ________ (kill) trying to save a child in the earthquake.18. Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He ________ (seem) to have been praised by the manager just now.19. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ________ (run) out. We must act immediately before there’s none left.1. —What a mistake!—Yes. I ________ (suggest) his doing it another way, but without success.2. —You speak very good French!—Thanks. I ________ (study) French in Sichuan University for four years.3. When Alice came, she did not know how long she ________ (lie) there.4. Tom ________ (work) in the library every night over the last three months.5. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ________ (leave).2. 时态与被动精选练习1. The cloth ________ (wash) well.2. The door won’t ________ (open).3. Big dogs ________ (look) dangerous.4. Listen carefully when it ________ (begin).5. In the last few years thousands of films ________ (produce) all over the world.6. And action movies like that need to be ________ (see) in a theatre on a big screen.7. Controls should ________ (place) on these pesticides until bee safety can be guaranteed.8. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ________ (make) by scientists.9. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ________ (rescue) four days later.1. Is honesty the best policy? We ________ (teach) that it is when we are little.2. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ________ (rebuild).3. Just as she sat down, the telephone rang. It was from her neighbor, “My cat ________ (kill) by a car.”4. During the Spring Festival in China, children ________ (give) money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in theNew Year.3. 时态与主谓一致精选练习1. What we need badly now ________ (be) doctors.2. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ (be) sea.3. —Did you go to the show last night?—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ________ (be) invited.4. I heard that Reading Skills ________ (be) newly published in America.5. A library with five thousand books ________ (offer) to the nation as a gift.6. They believe we are the suitable men who ________ (be) going to defeat the enemies.7. Either you or one of your students ________ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.8. With forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ (wash) away each year.9. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ________ (be) tired of having one examination after another.10. As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert ________ (be) covered the land.11. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ (have) caused hearing loss in some teenagers.12. A poet and artist ________ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting this afternoon.短文改错考点目录1. 时态一致2. 主谓一致3. 被动语态4. 主系表1. 时态一致明：（1）现在⇌过去（2）have/has/had+-ed →-ed（3）have/has/had+did →have/has/had+done暗：-ed →have/has/had+-ed精选练习1. Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.2. It is three years now since I graduate from Xinhua High School.3. My grandfather graduates from Harvard University 35 years ago.4. I asked him why and he told me that the battery has died, so he threw it away.5. When it is time for us to say goodbye, she wrote on my hand: “Please come here as often as possible.”6. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “That’s it. No more toys for you.”1. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.2. Hello I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang.3. By the end of last year, my collection has grown to 3000 words.4. I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.5. A child knows quite well that littering was wrong, why can’t an adult realize this?6. Kids who used a wheelchair or have lots of health problems want friends just like you do.7. I am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far.8. I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.9. After having a short rest there and sharing the food we had brought, we started going down. It had rained even harder.10. Then he said something surprising. He said, “This has been so nice. Thank you. I hadn’t really talked to anybody in along time.”11. I had asked my roommate to meet you at the airport and you can stay in my room. He’s a very nice person and he’ll show you around the city.12. Her classes are so full of fun that you will never feel bored. To improve our grades, she usually gave us some advice on how to learn English well.13. When I was seven years old, my family grew out first square watermelon. No one has ever seen a square watermelon before, so it became famous instantly.14. On the box was card saying: “25 cents each.” “You will never sell these much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has brought the price down to 10 cents a piece.15. The first man got over his shock and politely said to the angel, “I’ve suffered from back pain for years. Can you help me?” The angel touched his back, and he had recovered.2. 主谓一致明：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则暗：常规考查精选练习1. But not all information are good to society.2. —Did you go to the show last night?—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area were invited.3. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.4. Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively.5. Starting your collection of stamps are easy because they are everywhere.6. After hearing your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm.7. One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.8. It is reported that many a new house are being built at present in the disaster area.9. In January this year, the rate of the UFO reports were steady, around three per week.10. One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens is black people.11. I think science classes clear up my mysteries. But then there is always more mysteries to look into.12. There are branch libraries in many villages. Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.13. But once you’ve started collecting seriously, you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors’ Club which exist toadd more stamps to you collection.1. The pay were 10 cents per envelope.2. What may surprise you are that I’m going to the US this July in a summer camp!3. Luckily I had all my money in my pocket, but the only clothes I had was those I had on.4. For example, Shanghai food, a little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food that is rather hot.5. Every possible means have been used to prevent the air pollution, but the is still not clear.6. A poet and artist are coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting this afternoon.7. Goodnight and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my best life and my only friend.8. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give a sense of fair play and team spirit.9. All of us need friendship. The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and trust eachother.3. 被动语态明：（1）be+-ed →-ed（2）be+V任何→be+done暗：-ed →be+-ed精选练习1. Books may be keep for four weeks2. When one student does so, much larger values are destroying.3. Today, I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college. I am proud of it.4. After the drive, it was cost just over £2 to put the car back into perfect condition.1. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.2. One day the school held a party, where I invited to talk about Tianjin.3. It was turned to be her own cup, which she’d left on the shelf by mistake.4. Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the sky—they were looked like rain!5. We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “We’re having dinner. Come back later.”6. I’m glad that you’ve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local way of life.7. If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th, Olympic Games, I will first improve my English so that I can talkeasily with foreign visitors.8. If you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will write to you, and let you know when the book you want hasreturned and is ready for you to pick up.9. As is planning, I’m coming to Boston around the 15th, and I wonder if you’ll be free then so we could chat about thegood old days.4. 主系表暗：（1）主+adj. →主+be+adj.（2）句子缺谓语精选练习1. What your favorite sport?2. They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions.3. The commanding officer, Wayne Tyler, who directly responsible for the study of all such reports, decided to make hisfindings known.However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, because each has a delicious taste and good for health.参考答案●时态与语态语法填空1. 高考常考12种时态精选练习1. is2. was raining3. hid4. has happened5. comes6. is found7. gets8. will drive9. was phoning10. am flying11. has received12. traveled13. is playing14. has been working15. considered1. are turning2. stops, has stopped3. has cleaned4. is5. was6. has been7. landed8. takes9. had started10. started11. would sign12. had graduated 13. would buy14. was writing15. will see16. is becoming17. was killed18. seems19. are running1. had suggested2. studied, have studied3. had lain4. has been working5. were leaving2. 时态与被动精选练习1. washes2. open3. look4. begins5. have been produced6. seen7. be placed8. will be made9. was rescued1. are taught2. is being rebuilt3. was killed4. are given3. 时态与主谓一致精选练习1. are2. is3. was4. was5. is offered6. are7. is8. are being washed9. are10. is11. has12. is短文改错1. 时态一致精选练习1. 第2个is→was2. graduate→graduated3. graduates→graduated4. has→had5. is→was6. tear→tore1. take→took2. learn→leant3. has→had4. use→used5. was→is6. used→use7. greatly→have greatly8. 去掉had9. 去掉第二个had10. hadn’t→haven’t11. had→have12. gave→gives 13. has→had14. has→had15. 去掉最后的had2. 主谓一致精选练习1. are→is2. were→was3. is→are4. are→is5. are→is6. is→are7. was→were8. are→is9. were→was10. 第二个is→are11. is→are12. cost→costs 13. exist→exists1. were→was2. are→is3. was→were4. differ→differs5. have→has6. are→is7. is→are8. give→gives9. mean→means3. 被动语态精选练习1. keep→kept2. destroying→destroyed3. admitting→admitted4. 去掉was1. drank→drunk2. invited→was invited3. 去掉was4. 去掉第二个were115. 去掉was 6. 去掉been7. chose →chosen 8. returned →been returned 9. planning →planned4. 主系表精选练习1. What 后加is2. They 后加were3. who 后加wasgood 前加is。
2023年高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳总结含答案
高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳总结（含答案）一、名词旳数语法填空1. ( 全国 I 卷 62) This trend, ... , has had some unintended side62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing themedical community was trying to fight.解析：effects表达“某些意料外旳副作用”，故用复数。
2. ( 全国 II 卷 61) It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowedpeople to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads...解析：crowds防止拥挤旳人群。
3. ( 全国III卷 67) She has turned down several 67 (invitation)to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析：invitations由前面旳several可知，要用复数形式。
短文改错解析：word-*words背面有并列旳三句话，故word用复数words。
解析：informations-information因information是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
二、代词阅读理解Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first an nual International Jazz Day...Despite the celebrations, though, in the U. S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the mu sic has failed to connect with younger generations.en the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.29. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Jazz becoming more accessible.B. The production of jazz growing faster.C. Jazz being less popular with the young.D. The jazz audience becoming larger.解析：指代前句中即前一段旳最终一句中旳the music has failed to connect 6with younger generations,比较各选项，只有C对旳。
高中英语知识点归纳语法填空和短文改错的技巧
高中英语知识点归纳语法填空和短文改错的技巧高中英语学习中，语法填空和短文改错是常见的考试题型，掌握相应的技巧能够帮助我们更好地完成这两项任务。
本文将归纳总结语法填空和短文改错的相关技巧，供同学们参考。
一、语法填空的技巧语法填空是在一篇短文中，根据上下文和语法规则，在空白处填入适当的词语。
掌握以下技巧，可以提高我们的填空能力：1. 上下文语境理解在填空之前，首先要仔细阅读整篇短文，理解文章的大意和基本语境。
通过上下文的提示，能够推测出空白处所需的词性、含义和语法功能。
2. 词性和语法规则的运用根据语境和语法规则，选择适当的词性填入空白处，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。
同时，要根据语法规则进行相应的词形变化，如时态、语态、人称等。
3. 搭配和固定短语的应用在选词填空时，要注意搭配和固定短语的应用。
一些动词、形容词、名词等词语与特定的介词、副词或其他词语结合使用，需要掌握它们的搭配规律，以便正确填空。
4. 主谓一致和时态一致在填空过程中，要注意主谓一致和时态一致。
主谓一致要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致；时态一致要求句子中各部分的动作或状态在时间上保持一致。
二、短文改错的技巧短文改错是在一篇短文中，对已经标注出的错误进行改正。
以下是一些常见的短文改错技巧：1. 仔细审题和理解语境在改错之前，要仔细审题，理解题目和上下文的语境。
根据文意判断出错别的位置，避免因为个别错误而漏掉其他错误。
2. 注意基本语法错误基本的语法错误是我们需要着重关注的地方。
例如，主谓一致、动词时态、动词形式、代词的使用、冠词和介词的选择等。
3.注意词汇搭配和固定搭配的错误一些动词、名词、形容词与特定的介词、副词或其他词语结合使用时，容易出现搭配错误。
在改错时，要注意词汇搭配和固定搭配的使用。
4. 注意拼写和标点符号错误拼写错误和标点符号错误也是常见的问题，我们在改错时要细心检查，确保句子的流畅和准确性。
总结起来，掌握语法填空和短文改错的技巧，可以帮助我们在考试中更好地应对这两个题型。
高考语法--强调句(含语法填空和短文改错考点透析)
高考语法--强调句(含语法填空和短文改错考点透析)-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN高考英语语法--强调句（含高考语法填空和短文改错考点透析）【高考考点透析】高考语法填空主要让学生填空，所填的内容是强调句结构“It is (was)＋被强调的部分＋that(who/whom)＋句子的其它成分”中的It或that(who/whom)部分；高考短文改错主要考查强调句结构中的It和that(who/whom)部分的误用。
一．语法填空【高考真题展示】But like so many other things, it is only too much stress______ does you harm.（2016上海）答案及解析：that 考查强调句型。
句意：但是和别的许多事情一样，仅仅是太多的压力对你造成伤害。
本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。
【高考题预测】______ was on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat wentdown?答案及解析： It 考查强调句型。
句意：小船沉没一个月后他是在一个孤岛上被营救的？该句是强调句，被强调部分为on a lonely island，应填It。
二．短文改错【高考题预测】1.It was in New Zealand where Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.2.It was on January 1st which I paid a visit to my friend Tom.3. It was not until midnight when his father came back.答案及解析：1.where-that 句意：正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到史密斯先生。
此处是It was…that…强调句式，句中强调了地点状语in New Zealand。
2016考纲解读与高考备考之语法填空和短文改错
考纲解读一．语法填空1.考纲解读2016年的考纲跟去年比没有明显的变化，和前年相比第三个变化为：改变语法填空题中所填词数的要求。
把“在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式”改为“在一篇200词左右的语言材料中留出10个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白所需的内容（1个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式”。
语法填空又称为开放式语篇填空，这一题型从语法的句子结构与语法形式，词汇的本义和转义以及前后缀的变化，语境语篇的线索以及标志性词等方面测试学生的整体语篇能力，同时具有单项填空和完形填空两种题型的特点。
新课标全国卷的语法填空采用的是主观型语篇填空的命题思路，在命题科学性上具有单项填空不可比拟的优势。
单项填空局限于考查词汇和语法知识在简单句子中的意义，对学生语言知识实际运用能力的考查有限。
和单项填空相比，语法填空则侧重语言知识在具体语篇中的意义，更加强调语言的交际功能，充分体现了高考命题的原则：“突出语篇，注重交际。
讲究灵活，强调应用“。
2.试题特点（1）题材和体裁多样，贴近生活2015年新课标全国1卷的语法填空题是记叙文，文章主要讲述作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。
短文不但语言地道，阅读难度适中，其素材也体现了贴近生活，贴近现实的原则，而且具有一定的思想性。
短文字数为168词，符合考纲语篇200词左右的词数规定。
（2）重语境，多变化2015年全国卷最大的变化就是首句设空，两套卷子都在首句考查考生对语篇的理解，这无疑增加了难度。
（3）内容覆盖面广，针对性强考查范围均为大纲中所列的语法项目：动词时态和语态，非谓语动词，情态动词，冠词，形容词，副词，；连词，代词，复合句，特殊结构，习惯表达等。
提示类突出对实词的考查，语境类主要体现对冠词，介词，副词，连词的考查。
提示类和语境类的设空比例稳定在7:3.语法填空：近两年的对比分析二．短文改错1.考纲解读高考短文改错着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。
(完整)高考语法--强调句(含语法填空和短文改错考点透析)
高考英语语法--强调句（含高考语法填空和短文改错考点透析）【高考考点透析】高考语法填空主要让学生填空，所填的内容是强调句结构“It is (was)＋被强调的部分＋that(who/whom)＋句子的其它成分”中的It或that(who/whom)部分；高考短文改错主要考查强调句结构中的It和that(who/whom)部分的误用。
一．语法填空【高考真题展示】But like so many other things, it is only too much stress______ does you harm.（2016上海）答案及解析：that 考查强调句型。
句意：但是和别的许多事情一样，仅仅是太多的压力对你造成伤害。
本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。
【高考题预测】______ was on a lonely island that he was saved one month after the boat went down?答案及解析：It 考查强调句型。
句意：小船沉没一个月后他是在一个孤岛上被营救的？该句是强调句，被强调部分为on a lonely island，应填It。
二．短文改错【高考题预测】1.It was in New Zealand where Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.2.It was on January 1st which I paid a visit to my friend Tom.3. It was not until midnight when his father came back.答案及解析：1.where-that 句意：正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到史密斯先生。
此处是It was…that…强调句式，句中强调了地点状语in New Zealand。
2. which -that此处是It was…that…强调句式，句中强调了时间状语on January 1st。
【K12学习】XX高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳
XX高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳一、名词的数语法填空Thistrend,...,hashadsoeunintendedside2suchasovereightandheartdisease—theverythingtheedicalunityastryingtofight.解析：effects表示“一些意料外的副作用”，故用复数。
Itranforjustunderseveniloetersandalloedpeopletoavoidterrible61ontheroads...解析：crods避免拥挤的人群。
Shehasturneddonseveral67tostaratshosinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.解析：invitations由前面的several可知，要用复数形式。
短文改错Hoever,therailayquiclyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandith insixonths,orethan25,000peopleereusing67everyday.解析：it指代前句中的therailay。
短文改错r.andrs.Zhangallorinourschool.解析：all-*both考查代词。
因r.andrs.Zhang是两个人，而all是指三者或三者以上的“都”，故改all为表示两者“都”的both。
1canclibthehills.Allthisillbeinterestingandgoodforyourhealth.Aboveall,Icanlearnoreaboutnature.解析:your—y由语境可知，应是对“我的”身体有益。
三、冠词语法填空As65result,peopleilleatorefoodtotrtoaeupforthatsoethingissing.解析：a因asaresult固定短语。
Instead,sheisearning£6,500adayas62odelinNeyor.解析：a表示职业的单数可数名词前通常加不定冠词。
高三英语语法填空与短文改错 第二部分 语法精析 第六节 并列句和三大从句
第六节并列句和三大从句考向分析热考点语法填空考查的重点是定语从句和名词性从句；低频考点是并列句和状语从句。
短文改错重点考查并列连词and，but，or和定语从句的引导词。
名词性从句及状语从句较少涉及。
新考向2019全国Ⅰ考查了同位语从句和并列连词；2019全国Ⅱ及全国Ⅲ考查了定语从句和并列连词。
题型一关于并列句和三大从句的语法填空1．I work not because I have to，because I want to.(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案but解析考查并列连词。
句意为：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。
此处用but 与前面not构成not...but...“不是……而是……”结构，故填but。
2．In much of Asia，especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.(2016·全国Ⅲ)答案and解析考查并列连词。
China，Japan，Korea与Vietnam是并列关系。
3．But the river wasn’t changed in a few days even a few months.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ) 答案or解析考查并列连词。
句意为：但是河流不是几天或者几个月就可以改变的。
根据句意可知，设空处应该表示递进含义。
or even 表示“甚至，乃至”，故填or。
1．判断依据没有提示词，前后均为平行成分：两个主谓完整的句子，同词性单词，词组，非谓语或者同类从句。
2．并列连词的基本含义and表并列或顺承，but表转折，or表选择，so表因果，for表因为，while表对比且含义为“而”。
3．固定结构①并列关系：both...and...两者都，not only...but (also)．..不但……而且……②选择关系：either...or...或者……或者……，neither...nor...既不……也不……，not...but...不是……而是……③祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句1．Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案which解析考查非限制性定语从句。
高考语法--强调句(含语法填空和短文改错考点透析)
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浅议语法填空和短文改错的异同
浅议语法填空和短文改错的异同作者：付团结来源：《新课程·教师》2015年第08期摘要：在高考题的必考题型中，语法填空和短文改错所占比例并不大，但往往是得分率最低的一部分。
其中的原因，除了学生日常的基本功不扎实外，还有一个重要的原因，就是学生对这些题型的特点以及与其对应的解题方法不了解。
而语法填空和短文改错又有其相似性，那么，这两者之间有何异同呢？在解答这两种题型的解题技巧上又有何不同？结合经验，尝试对此论题进行一番探讨与研究。
关键词：语法填空；短文改错；解题技巧；异同一、语法填空和短文改错的相似点1.考点的相似性一般而言，语法填空和短文改错都是针对中国学生的英语知识薄弱点、需要掌握的重要语法知识和常错的语法句型等而设置的题目，它们的考点基本上是一样的，都是学生容易忽视或者遗忘的地方。
2.考查能力的相似性语法填空和短文改错都要求学生具备基本的单词拼写法的能力、熟练运用语法的能力、分析结构的能力以及阅读理解语篇的能力。
二、语法填空和短文改错的不同点1.考查知识点的广度不同语法填空考查的知识点局限在语法的相关知识上面，侧重于动词的时态、语态、名词的固定搭配，倒装，形容词和副词的比较级、最高级及词法等方面。
而短文改错虽然也以这些语法知识为考查的重点，但是还包括文章的行文逻辑，因果转折并列，强调结构句。
2.解题技巧的不同由于语法填空的题型一般设定的情境仅仅是一个简单句子，而且往往都有基本形态的单词提示，所以考试中的解题技巧也比较简单，单纯分析句子成分，判断出正确的时态、句型即可。
而短文改错的情景是一个完整段落，情境相对复杂，在找出错误之前必须要细读全文。
在清楚全篇大意、背景和素材的基础上，再一句一句推敲发现错误。
以下面一篇文章为例：Nearly five years ，and with the help my father，my sister and I growed some cherry tomatoes in our back garden. Since then for these we been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. Ass result，the plants are growing . The fruits are small in size，but juicy and . There are so that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year， we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing tomatoes at no cost！这是一篇相对简单的短文改错，在做题的时候一定要注意：要依据句子——完整的句子来做题，而非一行。
高中英语短文改错题和语法填空秘诀
高考英语短文改错题一、短文改错的复习重点1.考生必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。
⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。
⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。
⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。
2.考生平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。
短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。
考生在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。
二、对全文的宏观把握学生应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。
三、从语法角度审查1.查看时态是否一致My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。
2.查看主谓是否一致Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。
3.查指代是否一致The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。
4.查平行结构是否平行一致。
由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。
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指示代词this→it
删
定语从句中多代词，it比较常见
He is difficult to get along with him.去掉him。
加
It
8
情态动词
改词
情态动词
9
副词
副词↔形容词
副词
____________, he passed he exam.
However/Besides/Therefore/Moreover/Otherwise
短文改错与语法填空考点对比
短文改错
语法填空
1
动词
谓语
时态（改）
现在时↔过去时
给
提
示
词
动词
谓语
注意时态语态的变化
过去完成时↔
过去时/现在完成时
过去时↔现在完成时
语态（删，加）
主谓一致（改）
非谓语
非谓语
注意主动被动
2
名词
单数↔复数
名词
形容词
名词→形容词
复数
3
形容词
原形↔比较级/最高级
形容词
比较级/最高级
形容词↔名词
名词
形容词↔副词
副词
4
介词
固定短语（改，删，加）
不
给
提
示
词
介词
固定短语
5
冠词
固定短语（改，删，加）
冠词
固定短语
6
连词
并列连词and↔but↔or↔so
连词
并列连词
从属连词which、that、what等
从属连词
7
代词
改词
性别she↔he，him↔her
代词
it
人称you↔I/we
主宾格he↔him
However↔Besides↔Therefore↔Moreover↔Otherwise