中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程原文翻译答案

合集下载

中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程原文翻译答案

汉译英练习之一：1、唐装是中国的传统服饰。

从字面上看，唐装就是唐朝的服装，但是现代版的唐装与此没有任何关系，它起源于清朝的满族服饰。

2001年APEC会议上各国政要身着唐装亮相，从那时起，这款新型服饰才流行起来并在国内外大受欢迎。

唐装结合了中国的传统因素和西方的剪裁艺术。

服装的基本造型是中式领子，对襟，手工盘扣，为了外型更美观，肩部加了衬垫。

2、上世纪70年代末，为了控制人口增长，中国开始实行计划生育政策。

如今全国独生子女数量已超2亿。

他们的出现给家庭成员的关系带来了许多变化。

与有兄弟姐妹的孩子相比，独生子女有某些缺点，他们被称为惯坏了的“小皇帝”。

但同时，他们也有一定的优势，如自尊心、独立性和自我意识较强。

他们不应被视为“问题孩子”，他们是中国的未来和希望。

3、黄河，长5464千米，是中国的第二长河，世界第五长河。

若把中国比作昂首挺立的雄鸡，黄河便是雄鸡心脏的动脉(artery)。

在中国古代史上，黄河被称为中华民族的“母亲”，她哺育了千千万万中华儿女。

黄河流域是中华民族的“摇篮（cradle）”，也是中国文化发祥地。

在古代，这里曾经草木茂密，植物丰盛，我们的祖先便在这块广大的土地上劳动生息。

4. 木偶戏可以说是中国最古老的民间艺术（folk art）形式之一，其历史可追溯到2000多年前。

到了宋代（Song Dynasty），所有社会阶层似乎都喜欢上了木偶戏。

中国的民间艺术家们使用包括木头、布、线在内的各种原材料来制作木偶（puppet）。

表演木偶戏时，对话有时还伴着民歌和舞蹈。

其主题一般来自于儿童故事、寓言、神话和传说。

5. 相传有一年天下闹瘟疫，八仙（The Eight Immortals）想到东海瀛洲采药解除人间的瘟疫。

八位仙人约定八月十五在崂山山顶会面。

会面后，各自拿出自己的宝物（charm），倚物渡海。

面对烟波浩淼的大海，徐徐清风扑面而来。

八位仙人说说笑笑向大海彼岸漂去。

之后民间流传谚语“八仙过海，各显神通”，比喻人们做某件事情或竞赛时，各自都有一套办法或本领。

中国文化英语教程答案

中国文化英语教程-答案Uni 1Lead-inPhoenix one of four Chinese auspicious and mythical beasts, along with the Chinese dragon, tortoise and Qilin (kylin)Pangu a god who broke through the chaos and created the worldSui a god who drilled wood to make a fireNüwa a goddess who mended the sky and created humansChang’e Wife of the legendary hero Houyi and later inhabited the Moon Palace with the Jade Rabbit and the woodcutter Wu GangKuafu a god who chased the sunThe Eight Immortals a group of legendary Taoist immortalsHouyi a great archer who shot down nine extra sunsReading A1.1)The recently uncovered “Suigongxu” is an ancient vessel which records the historical myths ofthe great hero Da Yu who controlled the flood. (Para.2)2)Chinese myths are a vital part of Chinese culture. (Para. 5)3)Unlike Western myths, myths in ancient China were usually spread in scattered forms invarious written materials. (Para.4)4)Chinese mythology refers to myths transmitted by people of all fifty-six ethnic groups living inChina. (Para.1)5)Shanhaijing, Chuci, and Huainanzi are important sources of ancient Chinese myths. (Para.4)6)The system of Chinese mythology is not integrated and homogeneous. (Para.1)2.people who collected and compiled mythologye.g.: the great Greek writers Homer and Hesiodbooks with miscellaneous subjects but containing many mythse.g.: Shanhaijing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas), Chuci (The Songs of Chu), and Huainanzi1. Correct order: D G B A E H F C2.1) She took river mud and shaped the first people by hand. Later, she dipped a reed into the mud and flicked blobs of mud onto the ground. When she breathed on the mud creatures, they sprang to life.2) She did not want to stay on the earth to watch over them, nor did she want to return to make or repair them. She wanted the humans to learn to live on their own without the help of gods.3) Because by doing so she could recognize her creations.3. animals with fins e.g shark, dolphin, whale, fish, etc.animals with feathers e.g. duck, hawk, etc.animals with scales e.g. fish, crocodile, lizard, snake, turtle, etc.animals with hooves e.g. horse, ox, donkey, deer, sheep, cow, etc.animals with stinger(s) e.g. bee, scorpion, wasp, stingray, etc.Reading C1. 1) avaricious and blood-thirsty 2) auspicious, wisdom 3) a future emperor 4) dragon-king temple 5) zodiac animals 6) charismatic, innovative2. 1）双龙戏珠two dragons playing with a pearl2) 大水冲了龙王庙not recognize one’s kinsman3）龙颜大怒The Emperor is flying into a rage and bristling with anger4）神龙见首不见尾someone who has no fixed whereabouts and is difficult for others to trace5）龙飞凤舞cursive and elegant handwriting6）望子成龙parents having high expectations of their childrenSelf-check1) geographic boundaries 2) be traced back to/ trace back to3) the major repositories of Chinese ancient myths 4) mythological stories5) mending the sky/repairing the heavens6) cruel, evil and earthly, auspicious, powerful and heavenlyLead-in1. D2. C3. BReading A1. 1) 47 2) landscape garden design 3) Library Cave 4) Japan and Korea5) Tibetan architecture 6) Han citiesReading B1. 1) the Celestial Capital Peak 2) the Lotus Peak 3) the Cloud Gate Peak 4)the Heavenly Gate 5) the Sky-high Stone Ridge 6) the Gate of Three Seas 7) the Lion Forest Temple 8) the Usher Cliff 9) the Stalagmite Stone Ridge 10) the pine treesReading C1. 1) 3) 4) 5) 6)2.Pros . Symbol of Beijing;. More convenient to go outside;. Home place in childhood memory;. Close relationship between neighbors;. Demonstration of Chinese national culture.Cons . Old and aging facilities;. Sanitation condition;. No heating system;. No toilet;. Water system.Self-checkUpon their arrival, Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan were warmly greeted by the Belgian King Philippe, Queen Mathilde and Prime Minister Elio Di Rupo. The state leaders of the two countries walked into the Chinese Garden together. It was like walking in a quiet, peaceful and harmonious Chinese painting of freehand brushwork, with the delicately painted and decorated pavilions, carved beams and painted rafters along the way, with birds twittering and flowers blooming with fragrance. The two heads of state and their wives walked along the winding corridor and path, through thegreen and luxuriant bamboo grove to the panda garden. They walked and talked on their way about the friendly exchanges between China and Belgium.Unit 3Lead-in1. C3. 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) bReading A1. 1) E 2) B 3) A 4) D 5) C2. A U A UReading B1. B C D A2. 1) BGI 2) H 3) EL 4) ADJ 5) CFK3.1) boil 2) clean 3) roast 4) scramble 5) steam 6) sauté 7) fry 8) roll 9) stew 10) broil 11) blend 12) pickleReading C1. T T F T F TSelf-check1) Noodles are the symbol of longevity in Chinese culture, so Chinese people will have a bowl of noodles on their birthday, and the noodle strands should not be cut up.2) Chinese cuisine involves eight major branches. Influenced by the geography, climate, local product and eating habit, each of the eight regional cuisines has its own distinctive features.3) Chinese people stress filial piety all the time. The practice of presenting the best or fine food first to the senior members of the family has been observed for countless generations.4) In many parts of China, particularly northern China, wheat-based products including noodles and steamed buns predominate, in contrast to southern China, where rice is dominant.Unit 4Lead-in1. T2.FReading A1. A. Longjing, Biluochun, Huangshan Maofeng, Junshan SilverB. Qi Hong, Dian Hong, Ying HongC. Tieguanyin, Dahongpao (Big Red Robe)D. Pu-erhE. Jasmine tea, Orchid tea, Plum tea, Gardenia tea, Rose tea, Osmanthus tea2. 1) Parking in this street is the privilege of the residents here.2) There is no agreement on who should pay the costs imposed by new environmental standards.3) The exhibition features paintings by a couple of contemporary artists.4) In that country, the production of raw materials accounts for a considerable proportion of the national economy.3. F C D A B G EReading B1. 1) rocks; purple; curled; cultivated tiny sprouts2) frying and steaming; pounding and grinding; bamboo sieves; apparatus3) April, and May; beginning to unfold; a rainy day4) spring water; swift, clear currents; close human habitation; constantly5) singing noise; water forms billows2. 1) The best kind of tea grows wild on rocks; those cultivated in plantations are second in quality.2) Tea is picked in the second, third and fourth months of the lunar calendar. After picking, the buds/sprouts are steamed, pounded (ground), roasted, then pierced through and packaged.Reading C1. 3 6 4 11 7 10 8 5Self-check1) Ever since, tea has become an integral thread in the social and cultural fabric of China.2) Europeans had become fascinated/infatuated by this Eastern/Oriental drink.3) tea is consumed all day long both for its ceremonial and cultural significance, and for its taste.4) Green tea, particularly, is considered to be a classic beauty aid and a diet tea.Unit 5Lead-in1. 1) C 2) A 3) E 4) B 5) D2. BReading A1. F F T T T2. 3 6 11 1 7Reading B1. 1) C 2) E 3) A 4) B 5) D2. F T F T F3. 1) February 2) May 3) OctoberReading C1. 1) health and longevity; 2) clear and intelligible 3) herbal medicine4) therapeutic benefits2. 1) external pathogen 2) imbalances and deficiencies 3) invader 4) detoxify 5) eliminateSelf-check1) Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) 2) Western medicine3) The Unity of Heaven and Humanity 4) eliminating fire5) expelling dampness 6) closely connected and mutually interacting7) Yin-Yang Theory and Five Elements Theory 8) Yin and Yang are out of balanceUnit 6Lead-in1. C2. DReading A1. 21 17 4 12 192. F T F T F TReading B1. 1）C-e 2) A-c 3) B-a 4) E-b 5) D-d2. 1) Spring 2) Month Ten 3) Month Twelve4) The farmers worked intensively and arduously throughout the year; however, they and theirfamily lived a miserable life of poverty. They presented delicate food and clothes to their lord, whose life was luxurious and comfortable.Reading C1. 1) The website examined the link between personal saving habits and the Chinese zodiac.2) The snake is a bit of a risk-taker.3) In order to celebrate and inspire visitors to spend.2. associate Finance showcase adorn compete forSelf-check1. lunisolar astronomical observations the Jewish calendar a leap year2. 1) the Chinese zodiac 2) is associated with 3) the Gregorian calendar 4) Chinese communitiesUnit 7Lead-in1. 1）C 2) E 3) A 4) B 5) D2. CReding A1. T T F T T F T F T2. A（3,4）B(10) C(8) D(9) E(6)Reading B1. Wife: Yuji Rival: Liu Bang Subordinate: Senior eunych Advisors: Hanxin; Li Zuoche2. D F A C B G E3. 1) I could pull down mountains with might and main; but my good fortune wanes, and my steed won't fight.2) Wait a minute. Songs of Chu Kingdom are being sung everywhere here. Is it because Liu Bang has occupied the territories of the Chu Kingdom?3) Now the separatist warlords will vie for the throne. It is nothing unusual to be in an adverse position occasionally.4) Eight thousand soldiers have been lost already. In the future how can I face the parents of the fallen living on the east side of the river.5) For decades, we have loved and depended on each other. But now the moment has come thatwe must part from each other.Reading C1. 1) positive 2) Negative 3) Positive2. 1) C 2) E 3) A 4) B 5) DSelf-check1) The origin of Chinese opera can be traced back to the singing and dancing and religious rituals in primitive times. Through a very long period of development and reform, in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, Chinese Opera formed a mature and complete artistic system.2) The music of Peking opera mainly combines the Xi Pi tune, the Er Huang tune, and the melodies of Kunqu. Typical Chinese musical instruments are used in a Peking opera orchestra, such as Jing Hu (two-string fiddle), Pi Pa (Chinese lute), Sheng (reed pipes), drums and gongs.3) Among the hundreds of forms of opera throughout China, Peking opera had the greatest influence and is therefore regarded as a national opera.4) Facial painting is a prominent feature of Peking opera. It shows the character's age, profession and personality by using different patterns and colors. Each color symbolizes a certain characteristic.5) According to partial statistics, there are over 360 regional opera styles in China, among which Kunqu is one of the oldest extant forms of Chinese opera. Kunqu, which evolved from the Kunshan melody in the Yuan Dynasty, boasts a 600-year history.Unit 8Lead-in1. 1) brush 2) ink stick 3) paper 4) ink stone/slab2. D C CReading A1. 1) board games 2) unified and standardized 3) square; architectural4) grinding or rubbing 5) seal-cutting; sculpture; handicrafts2. 1) official script(li shu) 2) running script (xing shu) 3) cursive script (cao shu)4) sticks 5) stones/slabs 6) functions 7) bamboo 8) porcelain 9) jade10) pines that grow on Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province 3. 11) Xuan paper12) fine textured 13) Tao yan 14) slippery3. 1) 书法表现的是线条与节奏的抽象之美，它能够反映出人的情感态度、操守品格、个性特点、文化水平、个人修养、知识品位以及人生态度。

综合教程3翻译答案（Integratedcourse3translationanswers）

综合教程3翻译答案（Integrated course 3 translation answers）Unit 11. I am sorry to hear of her repeated failures (distress)It, distressed, me, a, great, to, hear, the, deal, news, that, he,, had, suffered, repeated, failure.2. although he lost his boss's favor, he still put on a happy face (assume)He, assured, an, air, for, cheerfulness, even, though, he, lost, favor,, with, his, boss.3., Gulliver (Gulliver) experienced adventures, met all sorts of strange characters (assortment)Gulliver, met, with, extraordinary, adventures, and, saw, a, strange,, assortment, of, people.4. if you make the same mistake again, he will be angry with you (furious)He, will, be, furious, with, you, if, you, repeat,, the, same, mistake.5. we are all deeply attracted by his candid views, humorous language and kind attitude (draw)We, were, all, greatly, drawn, by, frank, views, his, humorous, words, and, genial, manner.6. when the applause broke down, the Nobel laureate began his speech (die down)After, cheers, and, applause, died, down, the, Nobel, Prize, Winner,, began, his, speech.7. he was born with a special insight and foresight, so he rarely followed the crowd (run with the)He, is, gifted, with, a, of, insight, and, foresight, so, he, rarely, sore, runs, with, the, crowd.8., I find that reality is very harsh after all. It is difficult for a person to live according to his own ideal (live, up, to)I, feel, realities, are, after, very, harsh, so, one, can, hardly, live, all, up, entirely,, to, his, ideals.Unit 31, the university is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in the world (venerable)The, University, is, one, of, most, venerable, the, institutions, of, higher,, learning, in, the, world.2, if a person lacks practical experience, it is difficult to succeed only by what he has learned in class (deficient)If, one, is, deficient, practical, experience, he, can, hardly,make, himself, a, success, with, in, only, what, he,, has, acquired, class., in3, this article I fly into a rage, this week must be finished, but always interrupted (exasperate)I, felt, exasperated, by, constant, for, I, had, to, finish, writing, the,, monograph, by, interruptions, the, end, week., of, this4, he thinks it is ludicrous to write a contemporary theme about the problem (ludicrous)He, feels, that, it, is, to, write, on, ludicrous, a, contemporary, theme,, in, an, ancient, style.5, Shanghai the Bund in the last century, 70s and 80s is the young couple love to love the land (COO)The, Bund, in, Shanghai, a, place, where, young, couples, liked, come, to, to, COO, in, the, 70s, and,, the, 80s, was, of, century., the, last6, as a child of 10 years old, his daughter is very quiet, because she likes reading more than play (sedate)His, daughter, is, very, sedate, a, girl, of, about, ten, for, she, kikes, for, reading, more, than, playing.7. When the sun is shining on the earth, the lovers walk hand in hand and walk on the country road (stroll)The, couple, strolled, hand-in0hand, along, country, road, when, the, sun, in, the, its, first,, splendor, steeped, the, earth.8, the poet was generally considered an eccentric romantic genius (eccentric) when he was aliveThe, poet, was, commonly, considered, as, an, eccentric, romantic,, genius, when, alive.Unit 41, no doubt, Shakespeare is the playwright of all ages (overshadow)It, goes, without, saying, that, Shakespeare, overshadows, all, the, other,, playwrights, throughout, the, ages.2, the great Gatsby is generally regarded as the epitome of the American Jazz Age of the last century (epitome)The, Great, Gatsby, is, commonly, as, the, epitome, of, the, Jazz, Age, deemed, of, the,, last, century, America., in3, you'd better not pour cold water on him to go to Harvard University for the head (put a damper on)你最好不要压抑他在哈佛深造的热情。

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程大学英语第四册汉译英答案

The Doctrine of the Mean is the core of Confucianism.“中庸思想”是儒家思想的核心。

The so-called “mean” by Confucius doesn’t mean “compromise”but a “moderate” and “just-right”way when understanding and handling objective things.孔子所谓的“中庸”并不意味着“妥协”，而是一种理解和处理客观事物时的“适度”和“恰到好处”的方式。

Confucius advocated that this thought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things but also be integrated into one’s daily conduct to make it a virtue through self-cultivation and training.孔子主张这一思想不应该仅仅被视为一种理解和处理的事情也被整合到一个人的日常行为，使其通过自我培养论与训练。

The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism but also an important component of traditional Chinese culture.“中庸思想”是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。

From the time it came into being to the present, it has played an invaluable role in the construction of national spirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.从它产生的时间到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。

大学跨文化英语综合教程I Unit 6 Making Sense of China课文翻译

Making Sense of ChinaRomain Vuattoux1 For many foreigners, China is a mystical faraway land with a strange difficult language, an ancient complex culture and an inexplicable economic miracle, sometimes praised and sometimes demonized by Western media.Much of these perceptions are stereotyped and biased, and it is not until these foreigners come to China that their mind begins to change and their preconceived ideas shatter to pieces. Yet more confusion and strong feelings, such as surprise, frustration and loneliness, usually arise from the experience of living in China. One can only wonder: How can such a foreign place feel so much like home yet be so diff erent? How can such a place generate so many contradictory feelings?2 From the first day I arrived in China, it has been an explosion of the senses. The first sense stimulated was the sense of smell. China has a specific smell, which you recognize when you land at the airport and when you walk on the streets. In the warm humid summer air of southern cities such as Shanghai, it is a mixture of food, sweat, pollution, exhausts, garbage and sewer. The fragrances that many a foreigner may associate with China is that of street food and especially the odor of “choudoufu” (stinky tofu)and that of “baijiu” (rice wine). Every foreigner who has lived in China remembers the first time they wondered what animal had died nearby, and many have great tales of their fi rst trial at eating “choudoufu,” or drinking“baijiu.”3 Hearing is probably the sense that is excited in the most unpleasant manner. From people yelling on the phone in a congested metro or bus, to the constant honking of motorbikes, e-bikes, cars and even bicycles, or the bells of street seller and collectors, the noises made by construction sites,the ears are never left alone and silence is often hard to find. My personal funniest story about sound was the first morning I woke up in China. It was early in the morning, I was jet-lagged and a rooster was singing to the rising sun. After getting up, I investigated the origin of the sound. The rooster was not outside, but inside the echoing staircase, tied by the leg to the handrail of the building. As I inquired about the disappearance of the rooster a few days later, I learned that this loud creature was in fact the dinner of my upstairs neighbors. Fresh as it comes!4 The sense of sight is aroused daily. Walking or cycling on the streets requires paying attention to all the obstacles on the sidewalks or on the roads all the time. Yet, the bigge st “visual attack” is probably the urban development going around at all time and at indefinable speed. I have seen cities changing, disappearing or being built at amazing speed where there were only rice paddies and vegetables. Beyond the architectural feats, I have seen some of the most modern and advanced technology in Shanghai, and traveled back in time in underdeveloped, remote villages in the mountains,where people live a simple and quiet life, far from the speed and stress of the cities and far from all the advanced technologies. I have seen the fast movement of commuters amidst the immobility of old people sitting in the sun on the sidewalk, or the slow motion of “taichi” disciples in the park among the square-dancing women. Even once my eyes are closed, I often dream of these sights.5 The sense of touch is best illustrated by one experience I had when I first came to China. I call these “being an unknown superstar” and “being touched.” In my f irsteducational establishment, I sometimes had to teach in another campus on the other side of town. I would ride my bicycle across town to get to class, and it often felt like being in a movie. All the kids and adults stared and pointed to the “laowai” (foreigner) on his bicycle. As I took an excursion in the “deep” countryside, many people would approach me while I was buying some water or some snack and would start touching the hair on my arms.6 For foreigners as for Chinese, the most important sense is the sense of taste. It is also certainly the one that provides the most pleasure and the base of many relationships.I have been invited to many meals and took part in ceremonial drinking. I have seen food displays that are as elaborate as their tastes. Thousand-year-old eggs, snake, turtle, dumplings, bamboo,lotus root, pigs ears, lacquered ducks, duck neck and head, chicken feet,spicy fish head, the hundreds of ways of eating tofu are just some of the dishes that one discovers and appreciates. A lifetime would never suffice to try to taste all the specialties in China.7 Orderly chaos, disorganized order, old and new, beautiful and filthy,clean and dirty, rich and poor, kindness and arrogance ... All are opposed sensations and situations living together, side by side. For me, China is a collision of feelings, a juxtaposition of experiences and perceptions that are usually contradictory. China is all these contradictions and diversity that somehow manage to live together almost harmoniously.参考译文解读中国罗曼·瓦图对于很多外国人而言，中国是一个遥远而神秘的国度，有着奇特难懂的语言，古老深奥的文化，以及难以解释的经济奇迹，时而被西方媒体戴高帽，时而被他们妖魔化。

中国文化英语教程答案

中国文化英语教程答案中国文化英语教程答案不要标题1. Introduction to Chinese CultureChina, with its rich history and diverse culture, has long been a fascinating subject for people around the world. This English tutorial aims to provide an overview of Chinese culture, shedding light on its traditions, values, and customs.2. The Great Wall of ChinaThe Great Wall of China is a symbol of the country's ancient civilization. This architectural marvel spans thousands of kilometers and is a testament to the incredible engineering skills of the Chinese people. It stands as a reminder of China's historical achievements and the resilience of its people.3. Chinese Festivals and TraditionsChinese festivals are vibrant and colorful, reflecting the country's deep-rooted traditions and customs. From the lively celebrations of the Chinese New Year to the solemn rituals of the Qingming Festival, each festival has its own unique significance and offers a glimpse into China's rich cultural heritage.4. Traditional Chinese MedicineTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a history dating back thousands of years. It encompasses various holistic practices, suchas acupuncture, herbal medicine, and tai chi, to promote wellness and balance in the body. TCM reflects the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang and the belief in Qi, the vital life force.5. Chinese CuisineChinese cuisine is renowned worldwide for its diverse flavors and cooking techniques. From the spicy Sichuan cuisine to the delicate flavors of Cantonese cuisine, each region in China has its own culinary specialties. Chinese food also emphasizes the importance of balance and harmony in ingredients and cooking methods.6. Chinese Arts and CraftsChinese arts and crafts encompass a wide range of disciplines, including calligraphy, painting, ceramics, and silk weaving. These artistic traditions have been honed over centuries, with each art form embodying the ideals of beauty, harmony, and balance. Chinese arts and crafts showcase the country's creativity and deep appreciation for aesthetics.7. Confucianism and DaoismConfucianism and Daoism are two prominent philosophical traditions in China. Confucianism emphasizes the importance of moral values, social order, and filial piety, while Daoism seeks harmony with nature and the pursuit of a simple and balanced way of life. These philosophies have greatly influenced Chinese culture, ethics, and governance.8. Chinese CalligraphyChinese calligraphy is considered not only a form of artistic expression but also a means of cultivating one's character and inner self. Each brushstroke carries symbolic meaning and reflects the calligrapher's state of mind. Chinese calligraphy is highly regarded as one of the highest forms of visual art in Chinese culture.9. Traditional Chinese ClothingTraditional Chinese clothing, such as the qipao and hanfu, is known for its elegant and ornate designs. These garments reflect the country's historical fashion trends and cultural values. Traditional Chinese clothing often showcases intricate embroidery and vibrant colors, highlighting the importance of aesthetics in Chinese culture.10. Chinese Etiquette and CustomsChinese etiquette plays a significant role in everyday life, whether it's in social interactions or business settings. Customs such as greeting with a bow, respecting elders, and exchanging gifts are deeply ingrained in Chinese culture. Understanding and practicing these customs is essential for building positive relationships with Chinese people.Remember, this is just a brief overview of Chinese culture. Exploring further and engaging in meaningful conversations with Chinese people is the best way to truly appreciate and understand the richness and complexity of Chinese culture.。

新标准大学英语综合教程3课文翻译和课后习题答案 unit 8

13
Text
不管是中国的节日还是西方的节日，节日是我们放松的时候
1
2
每年的这个时候，整个世界仿佛都陷入了一种迷狂—— 人们狂热地进行着岁末的庆祝活动。我说的是岁末。问题就出在这儿。为什么我们中国人要把12月24日到31 日这一周作为岁末来庆祝，而我们自己的岁末（按照阴历）至少还有一个月才到呢？
11
Text
I can understand the zeal of these people. They want to conserve our culture, and that definitely doesn't make them what we generally refer to as conservatives. They have a point. But they, or for that matter anybody else, cannot save any society from the influence of a world getting smaller by the day.
7
Text
We celebrate an occasion to vent our feelings, to relax and enjoy a break from the everyday skulduggery that life in these times has become. It's apparently no different from the break our ancestors enjoyed from the mundane affairs of their daily lives.
10
Text

综合教程第三册课后翻译习题参考答案

综合教程第三册课后翻译习题参考答案(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--综合教程第三册课后翻译习题参考答案Unit 1 Fresh Start1. 听到他屡遭失败的消息，我感到很难过。

（distress）It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.2. 他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍然装出一副高兴的样子。

（assume）He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.3. 格列佛（Gulliver）经历了冒险奇遇，见到了一群光怪陆离的人物。

（assortment） Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.4. 如果你再犯同样的错误，他会对你非常生气的。

（furious）He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.5.我们都被他坦率的观点、幽默的语言和亲切的态度所深深吸引。

(draw)6. were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner. 6. 等到雷鸣般的掌声平息下来，那位诺贝尔奖获得者开始演讲。

(die dawn) After the thunderous applause died down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech. Vocabulary.1. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. (1) I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced student might possess. (2) My apparent confidence. (3) Some food to appease my hunger.(4) Going with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to your success.(5) Foolish and glaring mistakes.2. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.(1) distress; (2) clutched; (3) pose; (4) sneaked; (5) preoccupation; (6) shackles; (7) curse; (8) deliberation.3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. (1) assure; (2) discretion; (3) relaxation; (4) humiliation; (5) strategy; (6) embarrassment; (7) maneuverable; (8) immaturity.4. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1) lived up to; (2) headed for; (3) seek out; (4) has broken out; (5)grope for; (6) trying …on; (7) go out to; (8) tipped off.25. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1) vague (indistinct); (2) inconspicuously (unobtrusively); (3) self-restraint (self-control); (4) clever (intelligent,sensible); (5) manner (behavior); (6) excited (agitated);(7) sneak; (8) mature (sophisticated).6. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words. (1) became popular; (2) respect;(3) keep up; (4) lead to; (5)understand; (6) found; (7) use; (8) start Grammer.1. combine each nominal clause in Column A with … 1~ 4 CDBF 5~8 AEHG2. Rewrite the following sentences… (1) My decision to resign was wise.(2) Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.(3) My determination to pass the test helped me.(4) Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents. (5) My willingness to cooperate was appreciated. (6) His refusal to help surprised me.(7) The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed at the meeting.3(8) Who can have told you that puzzles me. 3. Complete each sentence with what you think … 1~ 4 DBCC 5~8 ABDB4. Combine the two sentences in each group…(1) I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classroom so that I could make a perfectly timed entrance before each lecture.(2) He wrote glasses and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.(3) The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.(4) She locked the door so that she wouldn’t be disturbed. (5) John whispered so that others couldn’t hear him.(6) Please arrive early so that we can start the meeting on time. (7) John has broughta bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel. (8) The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrate his point. 5. Complete the following sentences using the words in the box. (1) Although/Though; (2) yet; (3) however/though; (4) however/nevertheless/though; (5) Although/Though;(6) Despite/In spite of (7) although/though; (8) however; (9) However; (10)Despite/In spite of.。

研究生英语综合教程UNIT3课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版

UNIT 31. Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are that Americans live by. They have never given the matter much thought.2. Even if Americans had considered this question, they would probably, in the end, decide not to answer in terms of a definitive list of values. The reason for this decision is itself one very American value —their belief that every individual is so unique that the same list of values could never be applied to all, or even most, of their fellow citizens.3. Although Americans may think of themselves as being more varied and unpredictable than they actually are, it is significant that they think they are. Americans tend to think they have been only slightly influenced by family, church or schools. In the end, each believes, “I personally chose which values I want to live my own life by.”4. The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter an action, or hear a statement in the United States that surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed here.5. Before proceeding to the list itself, we should also point out that Americans see all of these values as very positive ones. They are not aware, for example, that the people in many Third World countries view some of these values as negative or threatening.In fact, all of these American values are judged by many of the world’s citizens as negative and undesirable. Therefore, it is not enough simply to familiarize yourself with these values. You must also, so far as possible, consider them without the negative or derogatory connotation that they might have for you, based on your own experience and cultural identity.Personal Control over the Environment6. Americans no longer believe in the power of Fate, and they have come to look at people who do as being backward, primitive, or hopelessly naive. To be called “fatalistic” is one of the worst criticisms one can receive in the American context; to an American, it means one is superstitious and lazy, unwilling to take any initiative in bringing about improvement.7. In the United States, people consider it normal and right that Man should control Nature, rather than the other way around. More specifically, people believe every single individual should have control over whatever in the environment might potentially affect him or her. 1.大多数美国人在谈起其赖以生存的价值观时会感到力不从心。

英语中国古代社会与文化写作练习题答案

1.How did Pan-gu create the earth and the heavens?In the beginning，the heavens and earth were still one and all was chaos.The universe was like a big black egg,carrying Pan-gu inside itself.After 18 thousand years,Pan-gu woke from a long sleep.He felt suffocated and began to kick and knock around until he broke the shell and stuck out his head and upper body.He looked around and still saw nothing but darkness.So he took up a broad ax and wielded it with all his might to crack open the egg.The light,clear part of it floated up and formed the heavens,while the cold,turbid matter stayed below to form earth.Fearing that the sky and the earth would come together and form the chaotic darkness again,Pan-gu decided to stay between the sky and the earth until the world became permanently separate.2.What are the differences between the Chinese Loong and the West Dragon?Chinese Loong is a combination of several propitious animals and it can fly without wings.In contrast,a western dragon looking like a winged dinosaur can fly with its wings and spring fire from its mouth.Besides,people believe Chinese Loong is a positive imaginary creature bringing harvest.But in the west，a dragon is thought to be a negative imaginary image，a violent evil and the embodiment of Satan.In China，people also regard those who are wise and gentle as the sons of Chinese Loong，and government officials wear clothes embroidered with Chinese Loong.However，a western dragon can be referred to a person who is violent，combative or very strict.3.What is the I Ching or the Book of Changes about?According to the Book of Changes,the entire universe and everything in it flow with a mysterious,unknowable force called the Tao.Translated literally as “The Way”,the Tao has many different meanings.It is the name that describes ultimate reality.The Tao also explains the powers that drive the universe and the wonder of humannature.The book believes that everything is one despite all appearances,Opinions of good and evil or true and false only happen when people forget that they are all one in the Tao.4. How do you understand the fable “Zhuang Zhou or a Butterfly”?5. What is the function of this sentence---“It is a general truth of this world that anything long divided will surely unite, and anything long united will surely divide” in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms?6.What is the image of Monkey King in the novel Journey to the West?The Monkey King is rebellious,mischievous and cute.He once fights against the Heaven Court of the Jade Emperor and almost wins the war.Unfortunately,he ends up being under a great mountain for 500 years.After becoming a disciple of Monk Tang,he goes through a whole lot of obstacles so that finally with his protection Monk Tang brings back the True Sutra.He symbolizes heroism and courage in the mind of Chinese people.7.Confucius has tremendous influence on Chinese education. What’s his educational theory about?Confucious encouraged “learning for all hierarchical levels and for all ages”,and open the door to the commoners by establishing his own school.He emphasized the “Six Arts”and learning method and principles,particularly regarding morality as the most important subject .Confucious’s goal is to create gentlemen who carry themselves with grace,speak correctly,and demonstrate integrity in all things.And His main educational thoughts were to teach students according to their aptitude ,to treat student equally and to inspire thinking.8. Can you give a brief introduction of Chinese imperial examination?The Chinese Imperial Examination was an examination system in Imperial China designed to select talented people for future positions in civil service.It was established in 605 during the Sui Dynasty and lasted many years.The examination consisted of a battery of tests administered at the district,provincial,and imperial levels.Each exam taker spent three days and two nights writing “eight-legged essays”without any interruptions.In order to obtain objectivity in evaluation, candidates were identified by number rather than name, and examination answers were recopied by a third person .Any male adult in China could become a high-ranking government official by passing the imperial examination regardless of his wealth or social status after the system was introduced.The examination system was not only the major mechanism by which the central government captured and held the loyalty of local-level elites,but also served to maintain cultural unity and consensus on basic values.9. Please simply describe the mechanism of the compass and how it was used in ancient China.The compass is an instrument used to indicate directions with the help of magnetism.It can be any magnetic device using a needle to indicate the direction of the magnetic north of a planet’s passes were initially used in feng shui in ancient China.The geomancer magnetized a needle by rubbing its tip with lodestone, and hanged the magnetic needle with one single strain of silk with a bit of wax attached to the center of the needle.10. Please give a brief introduction of Xu Guangqi and his contribution to introducing Western culture and science to China.Xu Guangqi was a Chinese agricultural scientist and mathematician born in Shanghai.He was also the first intellectual believer in Catholicism in the late Ming Dynasty as a top offitial.He was not only the first one who introduced European natural science to China and translatedgeometry into Chinses,but also the writer of Nongzheng Quanshu that is one of the greatest agricultural books in China.。

【全文】中国文化英语教程Unit-12 (1)

Consoling the Mind with Music
Ambiance (氛围、环境) was an important aspect in playing the Chinese zither. • By a stream of the mountains; • In snow; • On moonlit nights, etc.
Governance Trough Music
According to ancient Chinese culture: • Rituals provided the norms of conduct for people.
The goal to maintain social order. • Music was for the mind’s cultivation and
Governance Trough Music
“Musical education enables people to purify their minds. Rituals are established to temper people’s conduct. With music and rituals, people are imbued with clearer, more intelligent and peaceful minds. They also improve their ways and manners. Thus the country enjoys peace, with beauty and compassion complementing each other.“
and became quite popular during the Western Zhou Dynasty.

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课文翻译及课后习题答案

Unit One核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1.核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。

我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。

“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。

在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。

当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。

我们只招募核心员工。

”2.这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。

他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。

然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。

他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。

“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。

假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。

”只是这样有点儿冒险。

3.“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。

作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。

4.特征1：无私的合作者职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。

关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。

它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。

“这里需要合作，”费策尔说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。

在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。

”5.许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。

因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。

你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

Unit1Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West.哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。

Learning, Chinese-StyleHoward Gardner 1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing.中国式的学习风格霍华德·加德纳1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。

然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。

21世纪大学英语综合教程2翻译

21世纪大学英语综合教程2Unit 1 Diversity and InclusionTranslation所有的文化都是多样性的，中国文化亦是如此。

从源头而言，中国文化不仅起源于(originate from）黄河文化，还起源于’’扬子江’’（Yangtze River)文化。

就哲学思想而言，儒教（Confucianism).佛教（Buddhism）和道教（Taoism)的共存证明了中国文化的多元性。

此外，中国文化具有包容性，体现于儒教对待佛教的态度。

任何熟悉中国历史的人都能领会其文化的包容性，并且能够更好地理解今天的中国。

All cultures are diverse, and so is Chinese culture. From the source, Chinese culture originated not only from the Yellow River culture, but also from the Yangtze River culture. As far as philosophy is concerned, the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism proves the diversity of Chinese culture. In addition, Chinese culture is inclusive, which is reflected in the attitude of Confucianism towards Buddhism. Anyone familiar with Chinese history can understand the inclusiveness of its culture and better understand today's ChinaUnit 2 Animals大熊猫可能是中国最著名的动物，但是很少人看到过。

中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程原文翻译答案

汉译英练习之一：1、唐装是中国的传统服饰。

从字面上看，唐装就是唐朝的服装，但是现代版的唐装与此没有任何关系，它起源于清朝的满族服饰。

2001年APEC会议上各国政要身着唐装亮相，从那时起，这款新型服饰才流行起来并在国内外大受欢迎。

唐装结合了中国的传统因素和西方的剪裁艺术。

服装的基本造型是中式领子，对襟，手工盘扣，为了外型更美观，肩部加了衬垫。

2、上世纪70年代末，为了控制人口增长，中国开始实行计划生育政策。

如今全国独生子女数量已超2亿。

他们的出现给家庭成员的关系带来了许多变化。

与有兄弟姐妹的孩子相比，独生子女有某些缺点，他们被称为惯坏了的“小皇帝”。

但同时，他们也有一定的优势，如自尊心、独立性和自我意识较强。

他们不应被视为“问题孩子”，他们是中国的未来和希望。

3. 黄河，长5464千米，是中国的第二长河，世界第五长河。

若把中国比作昂首挺立的雄鸡，黄河便是雄鸡心脏的动脉(artery)。

在中国古代史上，黄河被称为中华民族的“母亲”，她哺育了千千万万中华儿女。

黄河流域是中华民族的“摇篮(cradle )”，也是中国文化发祥地。

在古代，这里曾经草木茂密，植物丰盛，我们的祖先便在这块广大的土地上劳动生息。

4. 木偶戏可以说是中国最古老的民间艺术( folk art )形式之一，其历史可追溯到2000多年前。

到了宋代(Song Dyn asty)，所有社会阶层似乎都喜欢上了木偶戏。

中国的民间艺术家们使用包括木头、布、线在内的各种原材料来制作木偶(puppet )。

表演木偶戏时，对话有时还伴着民歌和舞蹈。

其主题一般来自于儿童故事、寓言、神话和传说。

5. 相传有一年天下闹瘟疫，八仙( The Eight Immortals )想到东海瀛洲采药解除人间的瘟疫。

八位仙人约定八月十五在崂山山顶会面。

会面后，各自拿出自己的宝物( charm),倚物渡海。

面对烟波浩淼的大海，徐徐清风扑面而来。

八位仙人说说笑笑向大海彼岸漂去。

《中国文化》英语教程复习题及答案

I. Chinese Cultural Terms :1.绿茶green tea2.红茶black tea3.乌龙茶oolong tea4.黑茶dark tea5.花茶scented tea6.茉莉花茶jasmine tea7.八大菜系eight major schools of cuisine /8 Regional Chinese Cuisines8.茶道tea ceremony9.茶具tea set10.紫砂壶boccaro teapot11.北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck12.清蒸鱼steamed fish13.狗不理包子Goubili steamed buns14.佛跳墙Buddha Jumping the Wall15.《论语》The Analects16.《诗经》The Book of Songs17.《道德经》Classic of the Way and Virtue18.道家Daoism19.汉字Chinese character20.象形文字pictograph21.甲骨文oracle-bone inscription/ oracle-bone script22.篆文seal character/ seal script23.文房四宝four treasures of study24.丝绸之路the Silk Road25.海上丝绸之路the Maritime silk road26.一带一路倡议The Belt and Road Initiative27.西域the Western regions28.敦煌石窟the Dunhuang Grottoes29.春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period30.方块象形文字the square-shaped pictographic character31.颜(真卿）体the Yan style32.民间艺术folk arts33.年画New Year pictures34.剪纸paper cutting /papercuts35.皮影戏shadow play36.苏绣Suhou Embroidery37.造纸术paper making38.印刷术printing39.佛经Buddhist scripture40.行书running script /semi-cursive script41.草书cursive script42.楷书regular script/standard script43.隶书official script/ clerical script44.砚the ink slab/ the ink stone; 墨ink stick45.六艺：礼乐射御书数“six arts” : ritual,music,archery, carriage driving , calligraphy , and mathematics46.毛笔the writing brush47.宣纸xuan paper/ rice paper48.中国书法Chinese calligraphy49.简体字：simplified characters50.繁体字complex characters/ traditional characters51.中国结Chinese knots52.佛教Buddhism53.国徽national emblem54.国旗national flag55.国歌national anthemII. Multiple choices （每题三个选项中选一个最佳答案）1)Which of the following is irrelevant to the pictographic symbols of Chinese characters? （下列哪项与汉字的象形符号无关？）___A●Aspiration. 吸●Imagination.想象●Creativity.创造力●Allusion.典故2) Which of the following statements is true of the name of Fudan University（关于复旦大学的名称，下列哪个陈述是正确的？）___D●The characters both stand for "the sun rising on the horizon".这些字符都代表着“太阳在地平线上升起”●The name is taken from a Chinese classical poem.这个名字取自中国古典诗歌●The name encourages the students to get up early in the morning.这个名字鼓励学生早上早起●The characters are intended to tell the students to make progress dayby day.这些字旨在让学生们一天天地进步3) Which of the following languages mostly consists of language pictures（下列语言中哪一种主要由语言图片组成？）? B___●Mandarin Chinese. 普通话●Hieroglyphs of ancient Egypt.古埃及的象形文字●Oracle-bone inscription. 甲骨文●Seal characters.篆书4) The symbol for “swimming”is closest to（“游泳”的符号最接近的是）___.C●oracle-bone inscription甲骨文●Mandarin Chinese普通话●seal characters 篆书●none of the above没有选项5)The symbol for “athletics”contains the ingredients of （“运动”的符号包含了）___.A●dancing and running跳舞、跑步●running and swinging 跑步和摆动●dancing and swinging 跳舞和摆动●triathlon and football铁人三项和足球6)All the following are the titles of Confucius except（以下孔子的头衔除了）___.B●an educator一个教育家● A biologist 一个生物学家● A scholar 有识之士● A philosopher一个哲学家7)The expression “filial piety” most probably means being （“孝”的意思很可能是指）___.D●Loyal to the state忠于国家●Obedient to sister(s) 听姐姐的话●Responsible for the family 对家庭负责●Dutiful to parents孝顺父母8)Which of following can best describe Confucius’ view on the relationship between man and nature （下面哪一个最能说明孔子对人与自然关系的看法？）___.D●Brothers兄弟●Husband and wife 夫妇●Doctor and patient 医生和病人●Mother and son母子9)Through burial and ancestral worship rituals,people can learn that （通过丧葬和祭祖仪式，人们可以了解到。

古代文化1-5单元段落翻译练习

《中国古代社会与文化综合教程》1-5单元翻译练习Unit 11. 远古时代，四根擎天大柱倾倒，九州大地裂毁，天不能覆盖整个大地，大地也无法承载万物，大火蔓延不熄，洪水泛滥不止，猛兽吞食善良的百姓。

这时，女娲冶炼五色石来修补苍天裂隙。

她砍断海中巨鳌的脚来做撑起四方的天柱，杀死黑龙来拯救百姓，堆积芦灰以抵御洪水。

女娲的丰功伟绩，造福上天和大地，名声流传后世。

（145 words）1.【译文】In ancient times, the four corners of the sky collapsed and the world with its nine regions split open. The sky could not cover the whole earth, nor could the earth carry all the things on it. A great fire raged and would not die out; a fierce flood raced about and could not be checked. Savage beasts devoured innocent people. Then Nuwa melted rocks of five colors to mend the cracks in the sky. She supported the four corners of the sky with the legs she had cut off from a giant turtle. She killed the black dragon to save the people and blocked the flood with the as hes of reeds. Nuwa’s deeds benefited the heavens above and the Earth below. Her name was remembered by later generations. （129 words）2. 根据传说，伏羲生于中国西部，出生之前在其母腹中孕育了12年。

中国社会与文化综合教程翻译整理

1.根据传说，伏羲生于中国西部，出生之前在其母腹中孕育了12年。

伏羲教会了人类打猎、捕鱼、驯养野兽、饲养家禽。

伏羲制定了人类的嫁娶制度，教会人们劈柴取火和烹煮食物；他还通过龟背上的裂纹创立了八卦，这些八卦成为数学、医学、占卜学和风水的基础。

此外，伏羲还创造了中华民族的图腾龙，被认为是中国历史上第一个真正的统治者。

Fuxi was born in the west part of China and, according to legend, he was carried in his mother’s womb for twelve years before birth. He taught people how to hunt, fish, domesticate animals and tend their flocks. He instituted marriage and taught people how to devise tools to split wood, kindle fire and cook food. He devised the Trigrams, which evolved from markings on tortoise shells. These trigrams served as the basis for mathematics, medicine, divination and geomancy. Furthermore, he created the Chinese dragon as the totem of the nation and was considered as the first real ruler.2.儒家的创始人是孔子（公元前551—479），他提出了一套道德规范，基于五种美德：仁、义、礼、智、信。

其中“仁”被认为是他的哲学理念的基石，代表着忠诚、孝道(filial piety)、宽容和善良。

6.8古代文化6-10单元翻译练习[1]

古代文化6-10单元翻译练习Unit 61. 不论什么时候在任何国家，婚礼都被认为是一个人一生中最重要的仪式。

虽然中国的婚俗在不断地变化与发展，但是婚礼中创造的庄重、热情、欢乐和吉祥的气氛却一直未变。

因为中国拥有56个民族，因此婚俗也成为民族文化中一个重要的组成部分。

随着社会的进步和人们思想的改变，在中国自由恋爱日渐流行。

因此目前的婚礼习俗已不如传统的那样复杂。

【译文】At all times and in all countries, the wedding ceremony is considered to be the greatest ritual of anyone’s entire life. Although Chinese marriage customs are changing and developing all the time, the atmosphere created during the wedding is unchanged — being ceremonious/solemn, enthusiastic, joyful and auspicious（吉祥的）. Because China consists of 56 ethnic groups, Chinese marriage customs are an important part of the country's folk/national culture. However, along with the progress of society and the transformation of people's mind, free love has become increasingly popular in China, so current Chinese marriage customs are not as complicated as the traditional ones.2. 中国龙是吉祥的(auspicious)生灵，象征着力量、智慧、好运和掌控风和水的威力。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

1、唐装是中国的传统服饰。

从字面上看，唐装就是唐朝的服装，但是现代版的唐装与此没有任何关系，它起源于清朝的满族服饰。

2001年APEC会议上各国政要身着唐装亮相，从那时起，这款新型服饰才流行起来并在国内外大受欢迎。

唐装结合了中国的传统因素和西方的剪裁艺术。

服装的基本造型是中式领子，对襟，手工盘扣，为了外型更美观，肩部加了衬垫。

2、上世纪70年代末，为了控制人口增长，中国开始实行计划生育政策。

如今全国独生子女数量已超2亿。

他们的出现给家庭成员的关系带来了许多变化。

与有兄弟姐妹的孩子相比，独生子女有某些缺点，他们被称为惯坏了的“小皇帝”。

但同时，他们也有一定的优势，如自尊心、独立性和自我意识较强。

他们不应被视为“问题孩子”，他们是中国的未来和希望。

3、黄河，长5464千米，是中国的第二长河，世界第五长河。

若把中国比作昂首挺立的雄鸡，黄河便是雄鸡心脏的动脉(artery)。

在中国古代史上，黄河被称为中华民族的“母亲”，她哺育了千千万万中华儿女。

黄河流域是中华民族的“摇篮（cradle）”，也是中国文化发祥地。

在古代，这里曾经草木茂密，植物丰盛，我们的祖先便在这块广大的土地上劳动生息。

4. 木偶戏可以说是中国最古老的民间艺术（folk art）形式之一，其历史可追溯到2000多年前。

到了宋代（Song Dynasty），所有社会阶层似乎都喜欢上了木偶戏。

中国的民间艺术家们使用包括木头、布、线在内的各种原材料来制作木偶（puppet）。

表演木偶戏时，对话有时还伴着民歌和舞蹈。

其主题一般来自于儿童故事、寓言、神话和传说。

5. 相传有一年天下闹瘟疫，八仙（The Eight Immortals）想到东海瀛洲采药解除人间的瘟疫。

八位仙人约定八月十五在崂山山顶会面。

会面后，各自拿出自己的宝物（charm），倚物渡海。

面对烟波浩淼的大海，徐徐清风扑面而来。

八位仙人说说笑笑向大海彼岸漂去。

之后民间流传谚语“八仙过海，各显神通”，比喻人们做某件事情或竞赛时，各自都有一套办法或本领。

6. 中国的筷子为人类文明做出了巨大贡献。

诺贝尔奖获得者李政道先生曾说：“中国人早在春秋战国时代就发明了筷子。

如此简单的两根东西，却高妙绝伦地应用了物理学上的杠杆(leverage)原理。

”根据日本学者的研究，人在用筷子夹食物时，有80多个关节和50条肌肉在运动，并且与脑神经(cranial nerves)有关。

因此，用筷子吃饭可以训练大脑。

7. 中国汉字是从图画、符号逐渐演变形成的，汉字的书写和发展过程导致了书法艺术（Chinese art of calligraphy）的产生。

不同于西方的油画，中国的传统绘画有独特的表现形式。

由于最早的绘画和写字均使用同样的工具，并且都是以线条为主，故有“书画同源”之说。

人物画、山水画和花鸟画均为传统绘画的重要画种。

中国传统绘画中一般都有题诗或题字，诗、书、画因而汇合成一个艺术整体，给人以更加丰厚的美学内涵。

8. 中国农历七月初七的七夕节相当于西方国家的情人节。

牛郎织女的悲情故事赋予了这个节日浓郁的浪漫气息。

传说这对被银河分开的恋人只能每年这个晚上在鹊桥上相会一次。

过去，女孩会举行仪式乞求织女以获得智慧、巧手和美满婚姻。

然而这些古老的传统和习惯正在逐渐消失。

9. 中国的龙崇拜有五千年以上的历史。

封建（feudal）时代，龙就成为了皇权（imperial power）的象征，中国的历代帝王都自称“真龙天子”，并认为他们和龙一样神圣不可侵犯。

而今天，所有的中国人都以自己是“龙的传人”而自豪。

龙在中国文化中占据着重要的地位，起着重大的影响。

它是国家的象征、民族的象征、文化的象征，也是一个伟大的祖国迅速崛起的象征。

10. “面子”（face/ mianzi）是中国传统文化里的一个重要概念。

它在中国人的人际关系中起着非常重要的作用。

中国人长期以来受提倡“和谐”的儒家思想（Confucian thoughts/ideas）的影响。

对于他们来说，“有面子”是与他人维持和谐人际关系的重要方式。

“没面子”或者说“丢脸”是指一个人在公开场合犯了令人尴尬的错误。

而“挽回面子”则是指一个人恢复了自己的名誉。

参考译文1. Tangzhuang is a traditional Chinese coat. Literally, it means Chinese clothes in the Tang Dynasty, but the modern version bears no relationship with the clothes of the Tang Dynasty. It evolves from a kind of Manchu clothing. Because it was worn by leaders from different countries in APEC in 2001, it became famous. From then on, this new kind of clothing has enjoyed a great popularity among Chinese people and overseas. Tangzhuang combines traditional Chinese elements and western cutting methods. Its basic style includes a Mandarin collar, front opening and hand-made Chinese knots. Shoulder pads are inserted for better fit.2. Since the end of the 1970s, China has carried out a national family planning policy of “one couple, one child”, in order to check population growth. At present, the number of single children has grown to more than 2 billion nationwide. Their emergence has brought about many changes in relationships among family members. Compared to kids with siblings, single children have certain shortcomings, which have earned them the name of spoiled/ pampered “little emperors”. But meanwhile they have certain advantages, such as greater emphasis on self-esteem, stronger sense of independence and individuality. Instead of being referred to as “problem children”, they should be treasured as China’s Future.3. The Yellow River, 5464 kilometers in length, is the second longest river in China and the fifth longest in the world. If China is compared to a rooster which holds up its head to stand upright, Yellow River is the rooster’s heart artery. Known in ancient history as the “mother” of the Chinese nation, the Yellow River has given life to hundreds of millions of Chinese. It’s also called the “cradle” of the nation and the birthplace of its civilization. In ancient times, the Yellow River was covered with luxuriant trees and grass, a region with an abundance of plant life where Chinese ancestors lived and worked.4. Puppetry is perhaps one of the oldest forms of folk art in China. Its history can be dated back to more than 2,000 years ago. By the Song Dynasty, it seemed that puppetry had been enjoyed by all social classes. Folk artists in China use various kinds of materials to make puppets, including wood, cloth and wire. In performances, dialogues are carried out accompanied sometimes by folk songs and dances. The subject matter is derived mainly from children's stories, fables, myths and legends.5. According to legend, one year there was a plague in the world. The Eight Immortals decided to go to Yingzhou in the East Sea to collect some herbal medicine to cure people. They agreed to meet on the top of Laoshan Mountain on August 15. After getting together at the appointed time, each one brought along his own unique charms which could protect them in crossing the sea. Facing a vast expanse of misty, rolling waters and fresh breeze, the Eight Immortals set out across the sea, chatting and laughing all the way. From then on, this proverb was spoken: “The Eight Immortals cross the sea, each one showing his or her special prowess.”It means that when people do something together or compete with each other, each displays his or her own ways and skills.6. Chinese chopsticks have greatly contributed towards human civilization. Mr. Lee Tsung-dao,a Nobel laureate, once said: "As early as the Warring States Period Chinese invented chopsticks. Although the two sticks are so simple, the leverage principle in physics has been perfectly applied." According to research by Japanese scholars, people use more than 80 joints and 50 muscles, which are related to cranial nerves, to eat food with chopsticks. Therefore, using chopsticks can exercise the brain.7. Chinese characters evolved from pictures and signs, and the Chinese art of calligraphy developed naturally from its unique writing system. Differing from western oil painting Chinese traditional painting possesses unique art forms. Since similar tools were used for the earliest painting as for writing and lines were mainly used in it, painting is said to have the same origin as calligraphy. Chinese paintings usually integrate poetry or calligraphy with themes that include figures, landscapes, flowers, birds and other animals, which provides great aesthetic content.8. Falling on the seventh of the seventh lunar month, the Double Seventh Festival in China is what Valentine’s Day to the western countries.The tragic story about the cowherd and the weaving maid endows the festival with the meaning of great romance. In the legend, the two lovers who are separated by the Milky Way can only meet at the Magpie Bridge once in a year on this night. In bygone days, girls would conduct a ceremony to beg the weaving maid for wisdom, dexterity and a satisfying marriage in the future. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are gradually dying out.9. The worship of Chinese dragon has a history that is longer than 5,000 years. In the feudal era, the dragon became a symbol of imperial power; and all the Chinese emperors of different dynasties claimed themselves to be "Sons of the Divine Dragons" that should not be offended. Today, all the Chinese people are proud of being "the Descendants of Dragons". The dragon has an important position and influence in Chinese culture for it is a symbol of the whole country, a symbol of Chinese people, a symbol of Chinese culture, and a symbol of the rapid development of our great motherland.10. “Face”is an important concept in traditional Chinese culture. It plays a significant role in the inter-personal relationship between Chinese people. For Chinese, who are influenced for a long time by Confucian ideas that advocate “harmony”, “having face” is an important way of keeping harmonious relationship with others. “No face”or “losing face”means that someone has made an embarrassing mistake in public, while “saving face”means that the person restores his/her reputation.汉译英练习之二：1. 关于中国茶文化有一个传说：茶是炎帝神农偶然发现的。

中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程 原文翻译答案

中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程 原文翻译答案

中国文化英语教程答案

综合教程3翻译答案（Integratedcourse3translationanswers）

最新《中国文化》英语教程复习题及答案资料

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程大学英语第四册汉译英答案

大学跨文化英语 综合教程I Unit 6 Making Sense of China课文翻译

中国文化英语教程 答案

新标准大学英语综合教程3课文翻译和课后习题答案 unit 8

综合教程第三册课后翻译习题参考答案

研究生英语综合教程UNIT3课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版

英语中国古代社会与文化写作练习题答案

【全文】中国文化英语教程Unit-12 (1)

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹 课文翻译及课后习题答案

全新版大学英语综合教程2课文原文及翻译

21世纪大学英语综合教程2翻译

中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程原文翻译答案

《中国文化》英语教程复习题及答案

古代文化1-5单元段落翻译练习

中国社会与文化综合教程翻译整理

6.8古代文化6-10单元翻译练习[1]

中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程原文翻译答案

中国古代文化与社会英文综合教程原文翻译答案

大学跨文化英语综合教程I Unit 6 Making Sense of China课文翻译

中国文化英语教程答案

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课文翻译及课后习题答案