新人教版七年级英语下册第三单元词汇、语法知识点

新人教版七年级英语下册第三单元词汇、语法知识点

词汇

stop n. & v./stop to do sth./stop doing sth.

I usually leave my home at about 8:00 and walk to the bus stop.

n. 车站；中途停留处

Our next stop will be York.

我们下一站是约克。

We’ll make a stop at the foot of the hill.

我们中途将在山脚下停留。

v. 停止，终止；作动词时，它的过去式为stopped，现在分词为stopping。The noise suddenly stopped.

噪音戛然而止。

区分stop doing sth.和stop to do sth.

前者意为“停下正在做的事情”，而后者意为“停下（手头的事），开始做另一件事”。

I stopped talking and looked at him.

我不再说话了，只是看着他。

I stopped to tie my shoe.

我停下来系鞋带。

语法精讲

一. How引导的特殊疑问句How意为“怎样，如何”，是疑问副词，可引导特殊疑问句。下面介绍How的几种用法

1)问身体健康或状况等。 How are you? 你好吗?

2)问天气状况。How is the weather today? =What's the weather like today?今天天气怎么样? 答语:It's+描述天气的形容词sunny晴朗的、hot炎热的、rainy多雨的、windy多风的、cool凉爽的、cloudy多云的、cold寒冷的、snowy多雪的等等。

3)询问方式。How does your mother go to work every day? 你妈妈每天怎么去上班?

4)询问程度。How do you like this book? =What do you think of this book?你觉得这本书怎么样?

二.how far/ how long/ how soon/ how often/ how many/ how much/ how old/ how about

(1)how far意为“多远”，用来询问距离或路程的远近。

常用句型有：“How far is it from A to B？”

＝“How far is B from A？”

意为“从A到B有多远？”

其回答为：

1)It's...meters/kilometers/miles (away)．

2)It's about＋数词＋minutes' walk/ride/drive.

3)It's about＋数词＋minutes on foot/by bus.

(2)how long意为“多久”

1)用来对时间长短进行提问,指某个动作所持续时间的长短。

—How long does it take you to finish your homework every day?

你每天需要多久完成家庭作业？

—About two hours.大约两个小时。

2)how long还可对物品的长度进行提问，意为“多长”

—How long is the ruler?

这把尺子多长？

—It's about 20 centimeters.

大约20厘米。

(3)how soon意为“多久”，主要对一段时间进行提问，用于一般将来时中。—How soon will you come back?

你多久会回来？

—In two weeks.

两个星期后。

(4)how often意为“多久一次”，表频率，用于一般现在时中。

句型:How often+do/does sb. do sth?某人多久做某事？

答语

a. 频率副词always总是、usually通常、

often经常、sometimes有时、never从不

b. 短语once a day/week/month/year一天/周/月/年一次等—How often do you go there?

你多久去那儿一次？

—Twice a week.

一星期两次。

(5)how many

how many对数量进行提问，后接可数名词复数。

How many flowers are there in the vase?

花瓶里有多少支花儿？

(6)how much

1）对数量进行提问，后接不可数名词

How much water is there in the bottle?

瓶子里有多少水？

2）对重量

how much意为“多少”。

-How much does the pig weigh?

-Eighty kilos.

-这头猪多重？

-八十公斤。

3）对价格提问

How much=what's the price of sth

—How much is your new computer?

=What's the price of your new computer?

你的新电脑多少钱？

—It's 5000 yuan.

4)对数字运算结果询问

-How much is 3 plus 3？

-Six.

-三加三是多少？

-六。

(7)how old

提问年龄，意为“多大年纪”

—How old are you?

你多大？

—I'm ten (years old).

我十岁。

(8)how about

用于提建议，意为“……怎么样”

how about =what about+名词/代词/动词的ing形式—How/What about going shopping?

去购物怎么样?

—Good idea.

好主意。

My coat is red, how about yours?