高考英语 常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列(三)

2012届高考常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列（三）重点单词详解1．occasion n．时机；场合occasion 常与on搭配，on occasion ＝ occasionally, from time to time, at times, sometimes, now and then “有时；偶尔”。

1)You shouldn't have lost control of your temper ________ ________ ________ ________.你不应该在这种场合发脾气。

2)I meet him ________ ________at the club or in the theatre. 我有时在俱乐部或剧院遇到他。

3)All the people involved ________ ________ ________ must be present. 所有与这起案件有关的人都必须出场。

【答案】1)on such an occasion 2)on occasion 3)in this caseoccasion，situation, condition和case用法辨析occasion 指特定的“时机；场合；良机”。

situation往往指“情况；形式”。

condition指某事发展、存在的状况、状态或条件。

case常指事物的特定情况、情况真相，如“病例；案件”等。

occasion后面的定语从句多由when或on which引导；situation，case后面的定语从句多由where或in which引导。

(1)用occasion,case,condition或situation的适当形式填空1)There are _______ when (on which) one must give in.2)Living ________ have improved here over the last few years.3)In the study of modern science, there're many ________ where soldiers can teach officers.4)The current international________is not optimistic.【答案】1)occasions 2)conditions 3) cases 4)situation(2)名校押题It's helpful to put children in a situation ________they can see themselves differently.A．that B．when C．which D．where【答案与解析】 D 考查定语从句的引导词。

先行词是situation表示情景、形式，从句不缺少主语、宾语，所以选用连接副词where。

2．depend vi. 依靠；相信；信赖depend常与介词on或upon连用，后接名词、代词或从句作宾语。

其后可接不定式作宾语补足语，其在口语中意为“看情况”，有that depends, it depends, it all depends等。

depend on 后跟that引导的宾语从句时，应该在on后面加it，再加从句。

dependence n. 依靠；依赖；信任dependent adj. 依靠的；依赖的；由……决定的independent adj. 独立自主的；不受约束的independence n. 独立；自主1)It may take several months to reach your target weight—it ________ ________ how much you want to lose.要达到你锁定的目标体重可能要花几个月的时间——这取决于你想要减掉多少。

2)You may ________ ________it that we shall never give up.你可以放心，我们永远不放弃。

3)Success is ________ on how hard you work. 成败取决于你努力的程度。

4)I am ________ ________ your coming. 我肯定你会来的。

【答案】1)depends on 2)depend on 3)dependent 4)depending on / upon(1)用depend的适当形式填空1)Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not. ________ ________ ________， you see.2)It ________how you take the problem.3)Find a job and end your ________ ________ your parents.4)How much is produced ________ ________ how hard we work.【答案】1)It all depends 2)depends 3)dependence on 4)depends on(2)名校押题—Are you leaving this weekend or next Monday?—That ________the weather.A．is depended on B．is depended on C．depends on D．relies on【答案与解析】 C 考查动词词组辨析。

rely on “依靠；依赖”；depend on “依赖；取决于”。

答句题意：离开的天气取决于天气情况。

根据习惯用法可知depend不用被动语态，所以选C项。

3．attend vt. 出席；参加；上(学)；到场；照料；护理attendant n. 服务员attendance n. 出席；到场attend a lecture / a movie 听演讲/看电影attend school / class 上学/上课attend a meeting 参加会议attend on / upon sb 伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；专心于；照料1)The patients are well ________ in the hospital. 病人在医院里得到了很好的照料。

2)If not invited, I will not ________ her wedding party. 如果不被邀请，我就不参加她的婚礼。

3)Could you ________ ________ this matter immediately? 你能不能立即处理这件事？【答案】1)attended 2)attend 3)attend to(1)用attend及其短语的适当形式填空1)This is the nurse who ________ ________ me when I was ill in hospital.2)He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody to________ ________ him.3)Why weren't you ________ when I explained before?4)They are expecting a large________ at the meeting.【答案】1)attended to 2)attend on 3)attending 4)attendance(2)名校押题When the young politician ________ the wedding, he always was in ________ the president.A．attended; attendance on B．attended; attendanceC．attends; attendance on D．had attended; attendance【答案与解析】 A 第1空时态与主句was的时态同； attendance是名词，与另一名词连接时，需加介词，且 be in attendance on sb “陪侍(某人)”是固定搭配。

4．contribute vt. & vi. 捐赠；提供；贡献；投稿contribution n. 捐献；贡献contributor n. 贡献者；捐助者contribute to 有助于；促进make a contribution to 为……作贡献1)He ________ half of his saving to earthquake victims. 他将积蓄的一半捐助给了地震灾民。

2)The construction of a highway will ________ ________ the development of local economy.建造高速公路将有助于当地经济的发展。

3)The editors speak highly of the articles he ________ ________ over the years. 编辑们对他这些年撰写的稿件赞不绝口。

4)It is our duty to _______ ________ _______ our motherland. 为祖国作出贡献是我们的责任。

【答案】1)contributed 2)contribute to 3)has contributed 4)make contribution to (1)用contribute及其短语的适当形式填空1)Each worker ________ one dollar to the Red Cross.2)As we all know, fresh air and plenty of exercise ________ ________ good health.3)The invention of paper was a great ________ to human civilization.4)He________ ________ ________ the magazine for several years.【答案】1)contributed 2)contribute to 3)contribution 4)has contributed to (2)名校押题—There is no doubt that your singing will ________ greatly to the success of the party.—I'm so flattered.A．devote B．contribute C．promote D．stick【答案与解析】 B 考查动词词义辨析。