原子核物理导论

Contents
1. Introduction 2. Some Quantitative Formalities 8. Nuclear Models 9. Forces and Interactions 10. Hadrons and the Quark-Parton Model 11. The Electromagnetic Interaction 12. The Weak Interaction
Recommended Textbooks:
1. “Nuclear and Particle Physics” by W.S.C. Williams, Oxford University Press, New York 士華圖書公司(02)27033016 2. “Introductory Nuclear Physics” by Kenneth S. Krane, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 3. “Introductory Nuclear Physics” by Samuel S.M. Wong, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 民權書局有限公司(02)23651662, (02)23657999 4. “Modern Atomic and Nuclear Physics” by Fujia Yang, Joseph H. Hamilton The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Course Name: Introduction to Nuclear Physics (I) 原子核物理導論（一）
Course code :
3297
Instructor:
李秉政老師
“1In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2But the earth became waste and emptiness, and darkness was upon the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was brooding upon the surface of the waters. “ (Genesis 1:1 ~2)
stars, supernova, the Big Bang the creation of chemical elements production of energy in stars and on Earth nuclear astrophysics
We are all made from the products of exploding stars → the study of nuclear cross sections
matter decays - splitting the atom...
-alpha, beta, gamma -fissFra Baidu bibliotekon particles
Why Do Nuclear Physics?
Nuclear processes are used all around us and there are key applications in many aspects of our lives
Why Do Nuclear Physics? Nuclear physics is fundamental to understanding our lives and the physical world around us What is the origin of the Universe? What is the origin of nuclei - H, He, Li...Fe...U,Th?
14. Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics
Nuclear Physics ≠ Nuclear Bomb !!
Aims
•To study the general properties of nuclei •To examine the characteristics of the nuclear force •To introduce the principal models of the nucleus •To discuss the spontaneous decay of nuclei including those far from the region of stability •To study nuclear reactions, in particular fission and fusion •To introduce detectors •To discuss the practical applications of nuclear physics •To develop problem solving skills in the above areas
Nuclear fission (fusion?) for generation of power a not topic now - no CO2 emissions - but it is safe?
Radioactivity in medicine, industry and research
Medical applications
Cancer therapy using radiation
Historic use to kill cells - e.g. radium Modern use with ion beams (e.g. GSI)
Medical imaging
MRI (Nuclear magnetic imaging) Positron Emission Tomography X-ray imaging etc
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (cancer), Security (e.g. mine detection), Fundamental studies such as neutrino properties (double beta decay)...
Why Do Nuclear Physics?
Security and industry
Oil well logging Detection of bomb material etc
3. The Size and Shape of Nuclei
4. The Masses of Nuclei
5. Nuclear Instability
6. Alpha Decay 7. Nuclear Collisions and Reactions
13. Particles: Summary and Outlook
Why Do Nuclear Physics?
Building matter and matter falling apart
building with quarks and leptons
-neutrons, protons, deuterons... -Nuclei
→ how many elements, why? → stars, neutrino mass and the cosmos
Why Do Nuclear Physics?
Other applications
The environment
Carbon dating - 12C/14C ratio Argon gas dating Rb/Sr dating of rocks
Biology
Archaeology (dating by isotope ratios) Use of radioactivity to trace fluids in organs Forensic