【2019年备考】中考英语语法专题复习—被动语态专题
2019年中考英语重点解析：被动语态
2019年中考英语重点解析：被动语态中考栏目小编为您准备了《2019年中考英语重点解析：被动语态》，希望您能有所收获。
更多相关资讯敬请继续关注本网站更新!2019年中考英语重点解析：被动语态(1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，这时往往不用by 短语。
如：“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”怀特先生，这只茶杯是下课后被打碎的。
(2)突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
如：These records were made by John Denver.这些报道是被约翰·丹佛做的。
被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成be + done被动语态的构成(1)一般现在时：am / is / are + done。
如：①People grow rice in the south of the country.→Rice is grown in the south o f the country.稻米在这个国家的南部被种植。
②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.我们不被允许在没有老师的情况下进入化学实验室。
(2)一般过去时：was / were + done。
如：①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.→The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.建立一个新的汽车工厂在上个月被一致同意。
②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.他们的功课没有被轻易遗忘。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练：被动语态讲解附练习(含解析)
被动语态被动语态知识精讲一、被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的详细关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的履行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的蒙受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特别形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语常常用“被、受、给”等被动词来表示被动意义。
其构造是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词done”组成的。
be 自己无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化，其变化与时态中的变化一致。
各样时态的被动语态构造表（以动词do 为例）：时态被动语态例句The classroom is cleaned by us.一般此刻时am/is/are+ done教室被我们打扫。
The kite was made by him yesterday.一般过去时was/were+ done昨天，风筝被他制作。
Flowers are being watered by her.此刻进行时am/is/are+ being+ doneThe work has been finished by Jim.此刻达成时have/has +been+ done工作已经被做完。
will/shall/be going to + be 一般未来时done过去进行时was/were + being+ done 过去达成时had+ been +done含有神态动词can/may/must +be +done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.明日，树将被他们种。
A letter was being written by her at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候一封信正在被写。
The work had been finished by Jim.工作早已经被他达成了。
He can be found by me.他不可以被发现。
初中英语语法专题复习：被动语态
回 来。（ let ，help ，make，feel，see ,watch, hear,notice…)
3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指 物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时， 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语 提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前 应加“to”或“for” 。常见加to的动词有give， send, teach，write, show, pass, ask, tell…常见 加for的动词有make, draw, buy…
The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.
They often use computers in class.
Computers are often used by them in class.
We make these machines in Beilun.
练习： 1.Many people speak English. 2.They made computers in the U.S.A. 3.People used knives for cutting things. 4.People used metal for making machines. 5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou. 6.They speak English in Canada.
主
谓 宾(受动者)
Bowls are washed by his brother every day.
(完整word)中考英语语法专题————被动语态、 主谓一致、倒装 、简单句、并列句 、复合句
【中考英语专项复习-（一）语态:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者.例如：Many people speak Chinese.\\谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象.例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
(二)被动语态的构成be的变化表现出来（三）（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如:This bridge was founded in 1981。
这座桥竣工于1981年。
（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如:Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).（3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
例如：They make the bikes in the factory. → The bikes are made by them in the factory。
He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.（五）被动语态的特殊结构形式1）带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby—sitter.2）有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3）在使役动词have， make， get以及感官动词see， watch， notice, hear, feel， observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时，要加to。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要的句型结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，或者是主语被动地接受了其中一种行为或影响。
在被动语态中，动作的执行者通常不被说明，而动作的接受者（主语）成为句子的重点。
被动语态的结构是：“be”动词的适当形式 + 过去分词被动语态的时态、语态和主动语态一样，即可以变换时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等）和语态（进行时、完成时等）。
下面对被动语态的几个方面进行总结归纳。
1.一般现在时被动语态：一般现在时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They make cars.- 被动语态：Cars are made by them.2.一般过去时被动语态：一般过去时被动语态的结构是：“was/were”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She cooked dinner.- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by her.3.一般将来时被动语态：一般将来时被动语态的结构是：“will be”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：You will clean the room.- 被动语态：The room will be cleaned by you.4.进行时被动语态：进行时被动语态的结构是：“am/is/are being”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：They are painting the wall.- 被动语态：The wall is being painted by them.5.完成时被动语态：完成时被动语态的结构是：“has/have been”（be动词的适当形式）+ 过去分词例如：- 主动语态：She has written a book.- 被动语态：A book has been written by her.需要注意的是，被动语态的主语通常不是动作的执行者，所以经常用于下面几种情况：-当动作的执行者不得而知或不重要时，使用被动语态。
中考英语语法之被动语态专项复习 教案
中考英语语法之被动语态专项复习【教材依据】本教学设计来源于冀教版初中英语，主要是九年级下学期第二轮复习中的语法专项复习。
而被动语态是初中英语中一个很重要的语法，也是每年中考的必考语法项目。
根据中考说明的要求每年的被动语态主要涉及以下几种时态的被动语态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和情态动词的被动语态。
所以本节课主要复习这几种时态的被动语态。
一、设计思路1、指导思想。
本节课的教学对象是初三的学生，本班英语基础良好，学生学习的积极性高，竞争性强，并且具有一定的自主学习能力，能够按时完成预习任务。
但是本班存在严重的断层现象，部分学生的英语基础较差，虽然上课能积极配合，认真听讲，但是成绩提高效果不明显。
语法的复习本身比较枯燥，但是被动语态又是中考的必考点，怎样高效地让学生对其有效复习就成了每个老师面临的问题。
被动语态主要涉及以下几种时态的被动语态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和情态动词的被动语态，所以本节课采取的是小组合作，帮扶学习，互相探究，共同进步，旨在充分调动学生的积极性，培养其小组合作能力和自主探究精神。
对于不同层次的学生布置不同的任务，尊重学生的差异，争取在高效课堂的引领下，让不同层次的学生能各有所获。
2、教学目标。
①知识与能力目标：复习四种时态的被动语态，让学生能很好掌握并理解这几种时态被动语态的结构及其主要的用法，并能在中考各类题型中灵活地运用。
②方法与途径：通过让学生预习所复习的语法，并在课堂上小组合作用思维导图展示成果的方式有效复习四种时态的被动语态。
尊重学生的差异，让各类学生都能学有所得，学有所获。
③情感与评价目标：在小组合作的过程中，注意观察并培养学生用思维导图的方式与学过的话题结合的能力，培养其归纳、合作意识，提高学习英语的兴趣。
④教学手段应用:运用ppt及音乐二、教学准备①提前布置预习任务，学生提前查阅相关的教材找出被动语态的相关知识以及需要注意的问题。
②有关被动语态的电影对话，音乐及ppt三、教学过程（Teaching Procedure）Step 1 Warming-up1. Listen to the music before class and Ss try to find the passive voice sentences in it.2. Look at the interesting dialogues in the movie and also find out the passive voice sentences.Step 2 Check their preview workT checks their preview work by asking some simple questions.Step 3 Group WorkFour of them are in groups and they try to design a mind map on passive voice of four different tenses. At the same time, they try their best to relatethe passive voice to he topic and summarize the correct usage of them. Step 4 Show Time①T will ask four groups to show their achievement in front of the whole class.②Ss will have a quick discussion on their work and choose the best one.③T will make a quick summary and supplement on their work and correct their mistakes.Step 5 Special using of the passive voiceSs still are in groups to discuss the special using of the passive voice and finish some relative exercise.Step 6 Challenge the high school entry examination exercise from 2010-2016.Step 7 Make SummaryT makes a summary of the important forms of “be done”in different tenses.Step 8 Write a CompositionWrite a short Composition on Great Change of Our Village and try to use passive voice.Step 9 HomeworkFinish the exercise on workbook.四、教学反思义务教育英语课程标准要求教师要“以人为本”，最大化地发挥学生的主动性，将主动权交给学生，努力培养学生的自主学习能力，提高课堂效率。
中考被动语态知识点归纳
中考被动语态知识点归纳被动语态是英语中的一种重要语法现象，中考中经常会涉及到被动语态的考查。
学生在备考中需要掌握被动语态的基本用法和构成方式。
下面是对中考被动语态知识点的归纳，供学生参考：一、被动语态的基本用法1.表达动作的承受者不明确或不重要时使用被动语态。
例如：The book was lost.（书丢了。
）The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）2.当主语是动作的承受者时，使用被动语态。
例如：A new bridge will be built.（将修建一座新桥。
）The cake was eaten by the children.（蛋糕被孩子们吃掉了。
）二、被动语态的构成方式1.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词例如：The house is built by the workers.（这座房子是工人们建造的。
）The bridge is being repaired.（这座桥正在修理。
）2.一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词例如：The book was written by Mark Twain.（这本书是马克吐温写的。
）The cake was made by my mother.（这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）3.现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are + being + 过去分词例如：The letter is being written by Tom.（这封信是汤姆在写。
）The garden is being watered by my father.（这个花园正在被我爸爸浇水。
）4.过去进行时的被动语态：was/were + being + 过去分词例如：The house was being built when it started raining.（这座房子在下雨时正在建造。
）The car was being repaired in the garage.（这辆车在车库里正在修理。
中考英语备考：初中英语语法——被动语态
中考初中英语语法——被动语态初中英语语法——被动语态(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
如果主语是 动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。
主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。
在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。
被动语态后的by 短语有时可省去。
具体结构见下表：[(1) 被动语态的用法：① 不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by 短语。
如：A man waskilled in the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday .(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by 短语。
如：Rice is also grown in thisplace.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years .(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by 短语。
如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ Apet dog is never killed by its owner .(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)(2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态：((3) 注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。
中考英语复习——被动语态语法归纳
中考英语复习——被动语态语法归纳概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成。
一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态，汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动含义。
构成：被动语态由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。
被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，不定式的被动语态构成为“to be done”1. English is spoken in many countries. (一般现在时)2. Who was this article written by? (一般过去时)3. An important meeting will be held in our school. (一般将来时)4. A new bridge is being built in the city. (现在进行时)5. Everything has been done by him so far. (现在完成时)6. Something must be done to protect wild animals. (情态动词)使用范围：①不知道或不必指出动作的执行者These books are written for children. / We were asked to sing a song.②强调动作的承受者，这时可带有by引起的短语。
More trees must be planted by us next year.A new machine was invented by Uncle Wang last month.③当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态The whole village was washed away by the flood.④表示客观的说明常用“It’s +过去分词”句型。
中考英语专题复习---被动语态总结
动词总结一定义：被动语态，英文名称：passive voice，是动词的一种表现形式，说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二构成：be+done三不同时态语境下的被动语态时态语境分类1一般现在时2一般过去时3一般将来时4现在进行时5过去进行时6现在完成时7情态动词8非谓语动词结构模式is/am/are+donewas/were+done will/shall+be+done be going to+be+done is/am/are+being+done was/were+being+done have/has+been+done情态动词+be+done动词+to be+done【例句演示】1一般现在时I am asked a question by him.The desk is cleaned by me.2一般过去时Some gifts were bought for his children by him.Some work was done by Lucy.3一般将来时Homework will be finished tomorrow.The wall is going t o be painted next year.4现在进行时A lovely doll is being made by Mia.A story is being told in the museum.5过去进行时A lovely doll is being made by Mia when I called her.A story is being told in the museum when I enter ed the room. 6现在完成时The building has been built.The dinner has been pr ep ar ed by my mother.7情态动词The work mu st be done on time.The b aby should be tak en good care of.8非谓语动词The hair n ee ds to be cleaned.The textbook nee ds to be printed.四易错点：1be动词会根据时态和主语的变化而变化，动词的过去分词done是固定不变2注意原主语变成宾语后，需要把主格变成宾格。
初中英语语法——被动语态
被动语态一、考点解读在动词运用中，动词的时态和被动语态是重头戏，各项英语测试均对此“情有独钟”。
在各地的中考题的单选，完型填空中都会出现对于被动语态的考查。
今天我们这个专题中将主要复习归纳以下的内容：1．被动语态的构成2．被动语态的用法3．主动语态和被动语态的转换4．被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式二、专题梳理动词的被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动词的执行者。
在初中阶段我们所学的句子绝大部分都是主动语态。
今天我们主要复习被动语态，被动语态表示主语不是动作的执行者，而是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。
（一）被动语态的构成1．被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词2．各种时态的主动被动语态结构（以动词do为例）（二）被动语态的用法被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：1．不知道动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。
2．没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.More trees must be planted every year.每年必须有更多的树被种植。
3．需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people inthe world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语（强调汉语的使用广泛）。
4．动作的发出者不是人时。
e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.很多房屋在洪水中被冲走了。
（三）主动语态和被动语态的转换1．主动语态变被动语态：（1）要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变主格。
（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。
（3）谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
中考英语被动语态知识点总结
被动语态被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
被动语态（一）好的方法可以把努力降低，但还是需要努力1、结构结构是be+done（过去分词）结构中的动词位置是be动词主语句剩动词其他（done）时态疑问词时表词When is the hamburger going to be eaten一般将来时When is the hamburger being eaten现在进行时When is the hamburger Is eaten一般现在时When was the hamburger was eaten一般过去时一般现在时和一般过去时，有实义动词，时表词用do does did，没有动词用be动词练习作业：4种时态各快速重复训练5遍以上【自行练习即可】2、常见的动词过去式、过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词名词吃eat ate eaten汉堡告诉tell told told他卖sell sold sold房子买buy bought bought车带bring brought brought书take took taken看see saw seen他些write wrote written书偷steal stole stolen钱给give gave given他扔throw threw thrown钥匙咬bite bit bitten你开除fire fired fired他找到find found found钥匙移动move moved moved沙发制造make made made决定建造build built built地铁解决solve solved solved问题举行hold held held会议邀请invite invited invited他拒绝refuse refused refused他惩罚punish punished punished他选择choose chose chosen他养育raise raised raised他结束finish finished finished作业完成complete completed completed任务翻译translate translated translated书被动语态（二）先学到80%，就可以往后走，后面学的时候，前面也会慢慢上升，到上到95%的时候，再用新的理解去看待那5%1、区别疑问词我想问的就是“疑问词”这辆车被谁卖了by whom was this car sold 疑问句介词提前，本身是的主系表加介词短语【陈述句会讲到】这辆车被卖给谁了to whom was this car sold谁被卖了who was who sold 疑问词和主语相同省略疑问词who was sold2、lend 和borrow的区别①对主语来说borrow：借入lend：借出举例：他借了你多少钱（对于他来说借入borrow）how much money did he borrow you borrow from you 也可以他借给你多少钱（对于他来说借出lend）how much money did he lend you lend to you 也可以①被动语态汇中的用法你的手机被谁借走了/谁借走了你的手机（主语是谁借入borrow）by whom was your phone borrowed / who borrowed your phone你把手机借给谁了（主语是你借出lend）to whom did you lend the phone被动语态（三）1、一般疑问句中的被动语态句子疑问词时表词主语句剩动词其他（done）他被开除了吗Was he fired这个问题会被解决Is this problem going to be solved吗这个房子被卖给他Was this house sold to him了吗那个会议正在北京Is the meeting being held in BJ被举行吗【知识点】两个疑问词可以用and连起来他什么时候在哪被找到的where and when was he found他什么时候又是怎么来的when and how did he come【选做】罪犯被逮捕了吗罪犯：criminal 逮捕：arrest那个病人正在被抢救吗病人：patient 抢救：rescue错误被改正了吗错误：mistake 改正：correct他被打败了吗打败：defeat句子疑问词时表词主语句剩动词其他（done）罪犯被逮捕了吗那个病人正在被抢救吗错误被改正了吗他被打败了吗2、much与many1、how many how much 首先表示数量的话要加名词many 加可数名词，much加不可数名词how many apples how many times how much milk2、how much 还可以表示程度much就做副词了，对动作程度进行表述how much do you like him3、how much 还可以意为“多少钱”时,可单独使用,也可构成词组how much money,但英语中常省略money,用来询问某物的价钱、价格.how much is the book？。
中考英语被动语态知识点整理
中考英语被动语态知识点整理在中考英语中，被动语态是一个重要的语法知识点。
理解和掌握被动语态对于我们正确运用英语、提高语言表达能力有着重要的意义。
接下来，让我们一起对中考英语被动语态的相关知识进行全面的整理。
一、被动语态的基本概念被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
例如：“The book is read by me”（这本书被我读。
）在这个句子中，“the book”是动作“read”的承受者，而不是执行者。
二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be 动词＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
其中，be 动词的形式根据时态和主语的人称、数而变化。
1、一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are ＋过去分词例如：“English is spoken all over the world”（英语在全世界被说。
）2、一般过去时的被动语态：was/were ＋过去分词例如：“The bridge was built last year”（这座桥去年被建造。
）3、一般将来时的被动语态：will be ＋过去分词或 be going to be＋过去分词例如：“The sports meeting will be held next week”（运动会将在下周举行。
）4、现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are ＋ being ＋过去分词例如：“The problem is being discussed now”（这个问题正在被讨论。
）5、过去进行时的被动语态：was/were ＋ being ＋过去分词例如：“The house was being painted when I arrived”（我到达时，房子正在被粉刷。
）6、现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been ＋过去分词例如：“Many trees have been planted by us”（我们已经种了很多树。
）7、过去完成时的被动语态：had been ＋过去分词例如：“The work had been finished before he came”（在他来之前，工作已经完成了。
中考中的被动语态知识点总结与归纳
中考中的被动语态知识点总结与归纳被动语态是英语语法中一个重要的知识点，也是中考英语考试中常见的题型。
理解和掌握被动语态的用法对于学生来说至关重要。
本文将对中考中的被动语态知识点进行总结和归纳，帮助学生全面了解和掌握该知识点。
一、被动语态的构成和用法被动语态的构成：主语+be动词（根据时态变化）+过去分词被动语态的用法：1. 当我们不知道或不想提及动作的执行者时。
例句：The car was stolen last night.（昨晚这辆车被偷了。
）2. 当我们想强调动作的承受者时。
例句：The book was written by a famous author.（这本书是一位著名作家写的。
）3. 当我们想表达客观事实时。
例句：The Great Wall was built in the Qin Dynasty.（长城始建于秦朝。
）二、被动语态的各种时态1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：am/is/are + 过去分词例句：The letter is written in English.（这封信用英语写的。
）2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were + 过去分词例句：The cake was eaten by the children.（蛋糕被孩子们吃掉了。
）3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will be + 过去分词例句：The meeting will be held next Monday.（会议将在下周一举行。
）4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am/is/are being + 过去分词例句：The house is being built at the moment.（这座房子正在建造中。
）5. 过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were being + 过去分词例句：The car was being repaired when I arrived.（当我到达时，汽车正在修理中。
初三知识点总结被动语态
初三知识点总结被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要形式，它用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在初三学年，学生已经学习了被动语态的基本概念和用法。
本文将对初三学生在学习被动语态过程中需要掌握的知识进行总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同，be的形式会发生变化。
1. 现在时态的被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词例如：Active: Tom eats an apple.Passive: An apple is eaten by Tom.2. 过去时态的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词例如：Active: Lisa wrote a letter.Passive: A letter was written by Lisa.3. 将来时态的被动语态：will be + 过去分词例如：Active: They will build a new hospital.Passive: A new hospital will be built by them.二、主动语态和被动语态的转换在学习被动语态时，初三学生需要学会主动语态和被动语态的相互转换。
具体转换规则如下：1. 直接宾语转换：将主动语态中的直接宾语变为被动语态中的主语。
例如：Active: They eat apples.Passive: Apples are eaten by them.2. 双宾语转换：将主动语态中的间接宾语变为被动语态中的主语，直接宾语变为介词by短语。
例如：Active: He gave me a book.Passive: I was given a book by him.3. 无宾语动词转换：将主动语态中的无宾语动词转换为被动语态时，需加上介词by和动词的进行时态。
例如：Active: They swim in the pool.Passive: The pool is being swum in by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有多种用途，以下是初三学生应掌握的主要用法：1. 主动语态的被动表达：当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态。
初中中考英语语法被动语态的讲解-专项练习及参考答案
被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况:1, 当宾语是反身代词时The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .2,当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you?We will have a meeting .四．特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI ______ ______ a book by him.A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .My mother made me a cake .I ____ _____ a cake by my motherA cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去被动语态to回来。
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被动语态学习目标:掌握被动语态结构以及时态变换预习导学：举例把字句和被字句知识梳理一．被动语态的句法功能1. 当不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
e.g.: Japanese is taught in that school. (类似warming up中的“饭吃过了”，英汉说话习惯的相似性)2. 当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。
e.g.: Her book will be brought tomorrow morning.看图学知识，来发挥你的潜力吧，找到主动变被动语态的小技巧！！He can carry the basket.The basket can be carried by him.They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.总结：上面例句的小规律：△主动语态变为被动语态的方法：主动语态：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语（执行者）（承受者）被动语态：主语+ be + 过去分词（+ by + 执行者）（承受者）一般省略【例题精讲】例1.Children (not allow) to play frightening games.例2.The Great Wall (know) by people all over the world.例3.All the buildings (turn) into hospitals recently.例4.How long can these magazines (keep)?Keys:1.aren’t allowed 2.is known 3.have been turned 4.be kept【课堂练习】提高题：1. The vegetables (plant) in the fields next week.2. The soldier was very ill when he (operate) on by Dr. Bethune.3. The password of your email box should (memorize). .4. Liquids can (turn) into gases if their temperatures (make) hot enough.5. The next morning they (find) that some trees (blow) down during the night.Keys:1.will be plated 2.was operated 3.be memorized 4.turn,are made 5.will find ,will be blown二、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本结构：be+动词的过去分词各种时态的主动、被动语态的结构如下表（以动词do为例）时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does am/is/are +done一般过去时did was/were +done现在进行时am/is/are +doing am/is/are +being done现在完成时have/has +done have/has +been done一般将来时will/shall/be going to +do will/shall/be going to +be done过去进行时Was/were +doing was/were+ being done过去完成时had + done had + been done过去将来时would/should/be going to+ do would/should/be going to +be done含有情态动词can/may/must +do can/may/must+be done三、被动语态的易错点1. 主动语态变为被动语态①要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。
②把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。
③谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
We asked him to sing an English song.He was asked to sing an English song by us.主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者批注：主动，主动，主去动；被动，被动，主被动。
2．带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态①谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语；②若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；③若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to 或for；She gave me a book. (变为被动语态)I was given a book by her.（间接宾语me改为了主语）A book was given to me by her.（直接宾语 a book改为了主语）备注：此语法点应多呈现后接双宾语的动词详细讲解并加强练习。
如：tell,lend ,pass,give,buy ,bring , take ,send ,show 等3. 动词短语变为被动语态许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。
We should speak to old men politely.Old men should be spoken to politely.4.to的“前世今生”在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song .（主动语态）She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：一感二听三使四看，主动语态to省略，被动语态to还原。
see sb do sth（主动语态）sb be seen to do（被动语态）一感二听三使（使役动词）四看feel hear、listen to make、let、have （马兰花）see、watch、notice、observe5.初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况A.系动词无被动The dish tastes delicious. The apple smells sweet.B.某些说明名词本身性质的动词。
如wash, write, sell ,readThe play reads better than it acts.This kind of cloth washes well.(耐洗)The pen writes smoothly写起来流利。
The book is so interesting that it sells well.作及物动词为“卖、出售”）此处为不及物动词“销售起来…..” “sell”C.Need+V-ing “需要被….”My car needs repairing. 我的车需要修理D. Too…to句型The box is too heavy to life.E.不及物动词appear, disappear, fail, happen, last, remain, spread, break out, come true, take place,belong to,rise等比较rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.(对) The price has risen.(错) The accident was happened last week.(对) The accident happened last week.(错) The price has raised.(对) The price has been raised.6.系表结构PK被动语态有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。
”eg:（1）The door is closed. 门是关着的。
（系表结构）The door is closed by Fengping. 这个门是冯平来关的。
（被动语态）（2）The glass is broken. 这个玻璃杯是坏的。
（系表结构）The glass is broken by Mary. 这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。
（被动语态）【例题精讲】例1. Many accidents_________ by careless drivers last year.A. are causedB. were causedC. have causedD. will cause例2.Driving after drinking wine_________ in China.A. allowsB. doesn't allowC. is allowedD. isn't allowed例3.Many trees and flowers_________ in our city every year.A. plantedB. are plantedC. were plantedD. plantsKeys:BDB【课堂练习】课堂练习：根据要求改写句子1. The headmaster praised Ben for his honesty.(改为被动语态）Ben __________________ for his honesty _________ the headmaster.2. Mother will buy Jack a new shirt.(改为被动语态）A new shirt Jack by Mother.3.You had better take the wounded soldiers to hospital at once.(改为被动语态）The wounded soldiers had better to hospital at once.4. The adults tell the children not to swim in that deep river.(改为被动语态）The children not to swim in that deep river.5. Can some aged Chinese understand Russian?(改为被动语态）Can by some aged Chinese?6. The boss made the employees work ten hours a day.(改为被动语态）The employees were made ten hours a day.7. The Spring Festival is welcomed by the Chinese all over the world.(改为主动语态)The Chinese all over the world the Spring Festival.8. The price of meat has risen from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently.(保持原句意思)The price of meat from ten yuan to fifteen yuan recently.9. The firemen are using long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings.(改为被动语态)Long ladders for rescuing people in tall buildings by the firemen.10. Who looks after the children in the kindergarten?(改为被动语态）By the children after in the kindergarten?.Keys:1.was praised,by 2.will be bought 3.be taken 4.are told 5.Russian be understood6.to work7.welcome8.has been raised9.are being used 10. whom are looked单项选择( ) 1. Nothing can the girl from there.A. be stopped; goingB. prevent; goingC. stop; to goD. prevent; to go( ) 2. Although you have lots of difficulties, you must _______your work.A. carry out withB. carry away onC. carry on withD. carry over( ) 3. --It’s kind him to help me solve the problem.--Yes, he is always kind everybody.A. of; ofB. of; toC. to: ofD. to; to( ) 4. Students not to use mobile phones in our school now.A. askB. askedC. are askedD. were asked( ) 5. World Earth Day in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.A. sets upB. set upC. is set upD. was set up( ) 6. The terrorists(恐怖分子)in Xinjiang last month.A. are caughtB. was caughtC. were caughtD. is caught( ) 7. --You look really tired. ?--I didn't sleep well last night. I had a headache.A. How about youB. What should I doC. What's the matterD. How are you feeling now( ) 8. The doctor has operated the weak soldier carefully for about 10 hours.A. toB. forC. withD. on( ) 9. Last March, many trees along the streets to make our city more beautiful.A. were plantedB. were plantingC. had plantedD. planted( ) 10. The basketball match was really fantastic, when Jeremy Lin scored in the last second.A. probablyB. especiallyC. exactlyD. mostly( ) 11.Smartphones can be used to for information. But I am not used to information on such a small screen.A. search; readingB. searching; readingC. search; readD. searching; read( ) 12. Tom by his classmates because he made a careless mistake.A. laughed atB. was laughed atC. laughedD. was laughed( ) 13. --She’s told to write the report instead of you,?--Yes. She has to hand it in tomorrow.A. isn’t sheB. doesn’t sheC. hasn’t sheD. is she( ) 14. The World Cup every four years. Football fans are all looking forward to it this summer.A. takes placeB. is taken placeC. has taken placeD. is taking place( ) 15. -- the charity show organized?--We organize it once a year.A. When isB. How often doesC. When willD. How often isKeys: 1-5 BCBCD 6-10 CCDAB 11-15 ABAAD反思总结还记得哪些词不能用被动语态吗？。