人教新目标高中英语必修四 unit3 Learning about the language导学案
英语必修4人教新课标Unit3教案
Unit 3 A taste of English humorPart 1 Teaching Design第一部分教学设计Period 2 A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language (The –ing form as the Predicative, Attribute and ObjectComplement)IntroductionIn this period students will be first helped by the teacher to discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions, and then to discover and learn to use the following useful structures: the –ing form as the predicative, attribute and object complement. The following steps of teaching may be taken: Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions，Learning something about the –ing form as the Attributive，Learning about the –ing form as the predicative，Learning about the –ing form as the Object Complement，Doing exercises for consolidation, Closing down discovering. ObjectivesTo learn about the –ing form as the Predicative, Attribute & Object ComplementTo discover and learn to use some useful words and expressionsTo discover and learn to use some useful structuresProcedures1. Warming up by discovering useful words and expressionsTurn to page 20 and do the exercises. Check your answers against your classmates’.2. Learning something about the –ing form: Participles用原版Find the participial phrases in these sentences and tell what word they modify.1. The man running slowly still finished the race.2. The boy having been scolded finally did his work.3. The teacher, having retired, could now travel widely.4. The soldier, having saluted his superior, continued on his way.5. The truck swerving and sliding hit the brick wall.Keys:1. running slowly modifies man2. having been scolded modifies boy3. having retired modifies teacher4. having saluted his superior modifies soldier5. swerving and sliding modifies truck3. Doing exercises for consolidation4. Closing down by discoveringTo end the period you are going to skim the text and the previous texts to find out all the examples containing –ing forms used as the predicative, attributive and object.Unit 3 A taste of English humorPart 1 Teaching Design第一部分教学设计Period 3 A sample lesson plan for Using Language(English jokes)IntroductionLanguage is learned to be used in and for communication. So in this period we shall have the students read, listen, write and speak in English, making use of the focused words, expressions, structures and topic ideas covered in this unit. Warming up by reading school jokes comes first to be followed by reading and underlining and doing the exercises. Guided speaking and writing will lead to the end of the period: closing down by acting.ObjectivesTo enjoy reading the paragraph of Jokes about Sherlock Holmes and Doctor WatsonTo learn to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writingProcedures1. Warming upWarming up by reading school jokesThere are lots of jokes in English about school life. Read one to see whether you will laugh or not. 用原版2. Reading and underliningRead the paragraph and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in it. Copy them into your notebook after class as homework.3. Doing the exerciseNow you are going to do the exercise 1 on page 22.4. Guided SpeakingThink of funny stories in English and tell them to your group mates.5. Guided Writing—Learn to write jokesThere are two main parts to the structure of a joke. The first part prepares you for the laugh by telling a story which creates a sense of expectation. The second part of the joke, the punch line, provokes laughter by telling an unexpected and different story, yet one which is still compatible with the first, as in this example: “My wife just ran off with my best friend. Boy, do I miss him.” and “I had a mud pack facial done, and for three days my face loo ked much better. Then the mud fell off.” Notice the assumption that is made in both these examples. In the first, you assume the person telling the story is angry with his wife, so the punch line surprises you because he's feeling something different and unexpected. Again, in the second example, you'd most likely assume the mud had been removed, leaving the face looking better, so the punch line takes you by surprise.So, to write jokes you need to practice reading statements and writing down the assumptions you make about them. You must be able to interpret the statement (first story line) in at least two different ways in order to provide the second, different story i.e. the punch line. And what to write about? Anything that interests you. Anything you have strong opinions about.Now write down your own jokes, in English.6. Closing down by actingActing out the text is a strategy for motivating us to read out loud the text. We need oral practice and help with pronunciation and so acting out the text really helps us.To end this period, we are going to act the film by Charlie Chaplin, The Great Dictator.。
【课件】Unit 3 Learning About Language 人教(2019选择性必修第四册
Any interest payments are taxed as part of your income.
利息所得作为你收入的一部分要予以征税。
Husband and wife are now taxed separately on their incomes.
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅲ.介词填空
1.Poor educational performance is related to
emotional
disturbance.
by
2.The two sides finally reached an agreement
discussion.
3.Bark(树皮) may be used as
by profession 在职业上;就职业来说
professional.职业的
My brother was an electrician by profession.
我哥哥的职业是电工。
Most of the people on the course were professional women.
it.
重点词汇
重点句式
重点语法
随堂练习
1.Henry Norman Bethune devoted his life and profession to helping
people without expecting anything in return.(P28)
亨利·诺尔曼·白求恩把他的一生和事业都献给了帮助别人而不求
任何回报。
【词汇精讲】profession n.职业;行为
Mary was at the very top of her profession.
人教版高中英语必修四Unit3Learningaboutlanguage
2. V-ing作定语也可表示功能或用途
a reading room= a room for reding
a swimming pool= a pool for swimming a walking stick= a stick for walking
高中英语课件
（金戈铁骑 整理制作）
Unit 3 Learning about language
Noun fortune contentment performer/ performance humour astonishment bore
Verb
perform humour astonish bore
4.I am sorry to have kept youwaiting long. 宾补
(宾语)
5.I have a friend living in London. 定语
6.My hobby is swimming. 表语
We all enjoy listening to music. (宾语） 我看见他正在上楼。 I saw him going upstairs. (宾语补足语） 我们看见她正穿过街道。 We watched her crossing the street.
C. to be followed
D. being followed
Tell Mary that there’s someone ____ for her at the door.
பைடு நூலகம்
A. waiting B. waited C. waits D. to wait
人教高中英语必修4Unit3learning about language课件%28共19张PPT%29
Step 5: Homework
1.Please read the text more often. 2.Please finish matching test6.
Step 4: Relaxing time
Life can be very hard sometimes. But don‘t worry. Just be kind, brave and optimistic like Mr. Bean for everything's gonna be okay.
A small boy went to the counter to pay for his lunch but he was a little short.
Short, when spoken, can have two meanings. a. small in height; b. not having enough money.
long the universe has lasted.” “No, no, Waston!” Holmes said. “What do you really think of?” Watson tried again. “I think of how small I am and how vast the sky is.” “Try again, Waston!”, said Holmes. Waston tried a third time. “I think of how cold the universe and how warm people can be in their beds.” Holmes said, “Waston, you fool! You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent!”
2019新人教高中英语选择性必修四Unit3Learning about Language公开课教案
2019新人教高中英语选择性必修四Unit3 Sea Exploration-Learning about Language公开课教案Teaching aims：By the end of this period, students will be able to:1. identify the functions of infinitives.2. practise using infinitives in different contexts.3. express your own ideas using infinitives.Teaching key and difficult points：1.Help students to analyse the functions of infinitives in a real context and use infinitives properly.2.Instruct students to learn how to use infinitives.Teaching procedures:StepⅠLead-inAsk students to answer some questions based on the text in the part of Reading and Thinking.1.Why have humans always been longing to explore the sea?2.What is the aim of the Belt and Road Initiative?Suggested answers:1.To promote trade and satisfy their curiosity, humans have always been longing to explore the sea.2.The aim of the Belt and Road Initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.StepⅠObserve and analyseFind all the sentences containing infinitives in the reading passage. Then mark their functions.Suggested answers:1.To complete the great map of the world(As the subject) was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.2.Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes (As the object complement) from west to east.3.Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals (As the adverbial), which also led to more awareness of each other’s cultures.4.To reach out across the sea (As the subject) remains a strong desire today.5.The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade(As the predicative) across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.6.Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so (As the object) in years to come.7.In recent years,China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic(As the attributive).8.From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic(As the attributive) in order to understand climate change and its effects.9.... the need to trade(As the attributive) and the desire to enhance relationships(As the attributive) will drive China to reach out (As the object complement) across the sea far into the future.StepⅠ Practise using the infinitiveActivity1Join the words to make sentences using infinitives.Then decide the function of each infinitive.1.He/encouraged me/participate in the surfing competition.2.The storm/seems/be getting closer.3.Magellan/was the first person/sail around the world.4.The UN peacekeeping force/aims/maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts.5.The crowd/stood/applaud/scientists/for their important ocean research work.6.It is a good idea/tax/plastic bottles/so that people use them less.7.The Jiaolong manned submersible/is said/be able/reach 7 km underwater.8.It remains/be seen/whether or not his capsule can work.Suggested answers:1.He encouraged me to participate in the surfing competition. (OC)2.The storm seems to be getting closer. (P)3.Magellan was the first person to sail around the world. (Attr)4.The UN peacekeeping force aims to maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts. (O)5.The crowd stood to applaud scientists for their important ocean research work. (Ad)6.It is a good idea to tax plastic bottles so that people use them less. (S)7.The Jiaolong manned submersible is said to be able to reach 7 km underwater. (O;O)8.It remains to be seen whether or not his capsule can work. (P)Activity2Read the beginning of The Little Mermaid and use the proper forms of the verbs in brackets to fill in the blanks.Far out in the ocean,where the water is as clear as glass,lives the Sea King. The ocean is too deep (measure).We may imagine there is nothing except yellow sand under the sea,but actually it is not rare(see) the most unique flowers and plants(dance) in the fast-moving water.In the deepest spot of all stands the Sea King’s castle,which has walls of coral and a roof(form) of beautiful shells.The mother of the king,a wise woman who is proud(be) born into the royal family,takes care of his six daughters.Among the six sea-princesses,the youngest is the prettiest.Although she has delicate skin like a rose-leaf and eyes as blue as the deepest sea,she has no feet but a fish tail just like her sisters.The most common way for the princesses(play) all day long is (swim) in the halls of the castle or among the flowers growing out of the walls,feeding and touching the fish(swim) up to their hands through the windows.They seem(not worry) about anything,except for theyoungest,who...Suggested answers:to measure; to see; dancing; formed; to have been;to play; swimming/to swim; swimming; not to worryActivity3Read the beginning of The Little Mermaid once again and continue to write what will happen next.They seem not to worry about anything except for the youngest, who___________________Suggested answers:They seem not to worry about anything except for the youngest, who wants to see what life is like on land. She swims all the way to the surface and sees a large ship. It travels towards her at great speed and terrifies her. She swims below the surface of the water and just manages to swim away from the big ship. She now realises that it is a scary world outside of the ocean, and she decides to stay with her family and friends under the sea.Activity4Complete the news report below with the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.Across northern Africa, the desert is steadily growing. Dry lands are spreading. But a bold project known as the Great Green Wall aims 1.(stop) the growth of the desert. The ambitious program includes plans 2.(help) protect and maintain resources and fight poverty.Farmers are learning 3.(care) for their land and use water wisely. They are also planting millions of trees and crops. The Great Green Wall would cover 4.area more than 4,000 miles wide. The program receives support from the United Nations, the World Bank and other groups.The Great Green Wall’s trees provide a barrier 5.desert winds and help hold moisture in the air and soil, allowing crops 6.(grow).More resources will bring more jobs. “The goal is to create sustainable land management,” said Nora Berrahmouni, a forestry officer 7.works with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.Trees and crops have been planted in Senegal and Niger. An 8.(add) benefit of the Great Green Wall is 9.countries in the region are sharing information about which programs work and which don’t. Now, along with trees, 10. (idea) are taking root.Suggested answers:1.to stop2.to help3.to care4.an5.against6.to grow7.who/that8.added9.that10.ideasStepⅠLanguage useAsk students to write a paragraph with any topic using infinitives and v.-ing form.Suggested answers:Recently, I have managed to become a more active learner. When I am reading a book or listening to my teacher, I try to forget what I have learnt before or what I think about the book or the person giving me the information and practise concentrating on the information itself. At the beginning, it was difficult to do so and I couldn’t help questioning the ideas I was reading or hearing. But now I have learnt to avoid listening to my inner voice all the time and sometimes I even argue with it. On the other hand, I also attempt to ask as many questions as I can. I have noticed that the answers to the questions have really helped me understand the topic a lot better.StepⅠ PracticeⅠ.Rewrite the underlined parts using infinitives.Suggested answers:1.to help you keep track of2.to record your steps, speed and distance3.to enable you to stay hands-free4.to make it comfortable to wearⅠ.单句语法填空1.Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested (learn) more about Chinese philosophy.2.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies (reduce) their plastic footprint.lions of acres of wetlands were dried (feed) and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.4.Our aim was(see) if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.Suggested answers:1.to learn2.to reduce3.to feed4.to see。
人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT3 Learning About 课件PPT
Activity 2
Join the words to make sentences using infinitives. Then decide the function of each infinitive.
EXAMPLE It is fun/visit an aquarium/in summer →It is fun to visit an aquarium in summer.（S）
3 A: Wow! I didn’t expect Pete __to__b_e___ (be) such a good swimmer!
B: _H__a_v_i_n_g__s_p_e_n_t__(spend) the past summer practising almost every day, he is now able __t_o__sw__i_m___ (swim)
2 A: Have you got the test result on the new medicine? B: Yes, it has proved _t_o__b_e______ (be) somewhat effective, but further testing remains _t_o__b_e__d_o_n__e (do).
3 Magellan/was the first person/sail around the world → Magellan was the first person to sail around the world.（Attr）
4 The UN peacekeeping force/aims/maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts → The UN peacekeeping force aims to maintain peace and prevent armed conflicts.（O）
2022年人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 3 Learning About Language
进行时 完成进 行时
主动语态 to do
to have done
to be doing to have been
doing
被动语态
to be done to have
been done
意义 表示动作与谓语动作同时发生 或发生在谓语动作之后
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前
表示谓语动作发生时，不定式 的动作正在进行 表示其动作发生在谓语动词表 示的动作之前并且一直在进行
返回导航
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
英语（选择性必修·第四册 RJ ）
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ二、语法功能
Ⅰ.不定式作主语 谓语动词用单数形式。若不定式结构比较复杂，往往用it作形式主 语，真正的主语放在句子的后面。
To catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning is not a good idea. 赶早晨5点的公共汽车不是个好主意。
It is not a good idea to catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning. 赶早晨5点的公共汽车不是个好主意。
返回导航
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
英语（选择性必修·第四册 RJ ）
[点津] 若要说明不定式的动作的执行者，可以在不定式前面加上“for＋名 词或代词”结构，或是“of＋名词或代词”结构。可用于“of＋名词/代 词＋动词不定式”结构中作表语的形容词是指那些可以表示人或事物的 性 质 或 品 质 的 好 坏 的 形 容 词 。 如 ： careful ， cruel ， foolish ， brave ， good，honest，kind，rude，polite，nice，stupid，selfish，silly，wise， thoughtful，wrong等。
高中英语 Unit3 Learning about Language课堂10分钟达标 新人教版必修4
Unit 3 A taste of English humour Period 3 Learning about Language课堂10分钟达标Ⅰ. 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空1. _______ (clean)women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.2. It was _______ (astonish)to everyone that the court has made such a decision.3. We often heard Mary _______ (sing)in the next room.4. The red car _______ (repair)in the garage was made in Japan twenty years ago.5. In China, it is impolite to sit with your feet _______ (point)at another person.6. It is _______ (entertain)to take part in the sports meeting.7. I can’t imagine Meg _______ (ride)a motorbike.8. We try our best to get the car _______ (run)again.9. He gave me a _______ (welcome)hug when he met me at the airport.10. Our greatest happiness is _______ (serve)the people.答案: 1. Cleaning 2. astonishing 3. singing 4. being repaired5. pointing6. entertaining7. riding8. running9. welcoming 10. servingⅡ. 根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子1. What I hate most is __________________.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT3 Learning About课件PPT
This man of integrity and imagination has devoted his life to science fiction. 这个诚实正直、富有想象力的男人把一生献给了科幻小说。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 devotion n. 挚爱；奉献devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠实的；致力于……的 【归纳拓展】 表示“专心于，致力于”的短语还有：be lost in/be absorbed in/bury oneself in/be buried in/apply oneself to/concentrate on/focus on。
单句语法填空 （1）Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting （set）up some schools for poor children. （2）I have been devoted （devote） to this cause for many years. （3）Her devotion （devote） to the job left her with very little free time. （4） Buried （bury）in the book，she did not notice what had happened. 完成句子 （5）You will never achieve success unless you devote yourself to/are devoted to （致力于） your work. （6）He was determined to devote the rest of his life to （将自己的余生献给）folk music.
3 The deadline has been extended by two days.
高中英语人教版必修4 Unit3 Learning about Language
Adverb
charmingly entertainingly
2. Complete the passage with the words and phrases below in their proper forms.
enjoyment overcome laughter cut off outstanding uncertain pick out throughout failure charge chew
EXAMPLE: S1: How did you help your mother last
weekend? S2: I picked up my clothes and hung
them up. I picked out the bad fruit…
Adjective fortunate contented, content performing humorous astonishing bored, boring
Adverb fortunately contentedly
humorously astonishingly boringly
Adjective charmontentment performer/ performance humour astonishment bore
Verb
content perform
00-01学年英语人教版必修4：Unit 3 Learning about
答案：B
2．Which statement is WRONG according to the story about Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson?
A．They spoke loudly. B．They were lying in the open air. C．They were looking at the sky. D．It was at night.
课文理解
Ⅰ.Read the passage and judge whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F)．
1．In the first joke, the customer is angry about a fly in his/her soup. ( T )
[温馨提示] occasion 作先行词，其后跟定语从句时，如果 引导词在定语从句中作状语表示时间，则应用关系副词 when； 表示场合，应用关系副词 where。
[即学即用]
(1)Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness.
2．In the second joke, the waiter mistakes “bean” for “been”. (F )
3．In the third joke，the customer asks about the shape of the pancakes.( F )
4．Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went travelling in a mountainous area. ( F )
人教高中英语必修4Unit3Learning about language 课件(共37张PPT)
2. setting 3. running 4. paying
playing 7. burning 8. reading 9. calling
5. examining 10. living
God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者
V-ing, 过去分词，不定式做定语时的区别： 现在正在被举行的会议很重要。
Action 2: I saw my English teacher
putting her money into her handbag.
Action3: I saw my English teacher
smiling at us kindly.
• holding some money in her hand
全析提示：
1）动名词作表语和主语是等
His job is raising pigs. = Raising pigs is his job. 2）现在分词作表语和主语不是对等关系， 现在分词后面不能接宾语，但它前面
可以有修饰性的副词very, rather等
3.The man _m__a_k_in__g(make) a call is a specialist.
st night there were millions of people w_a_tc_h_i_n_g(watch) the opening ceremony. 5.The room is empty except a bookshelf s_ta_n_d_i_n_g(stand) in the corner.
能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类 动词:
a. 感官动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe等。
2021学年人教版英语必修4：Unit 3 Learning about Language
Ⅰ.阅读理解For some people,music is no fun at all.About4%of the population is what scientists call“amusic”.People who are amusics are born without the ability to enjoy musical notes.Amusic people often cannot tell the differences between two songs.As a result,songs sound like noise to an amusic.Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other.Life can be hard for amusics.In fact,most people cannot understand what it feels like to be amusic.Just going to a restaurant or a shopping centre can be uncomfortable or even painful.That is why many amusics have to stay away from places where there is music.However,this can result in social loneliness.“I used to hate parties，”says Margaret,a seventyyearold woman who only recently discovered that she was an amusic.By studying people like Margaret,scientists are finally learning how to identify(辨别)this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from those of people who can enjoy music.The difference is complex(复杂的),and it is not connected with poor hearing.Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well.They also have no problems understanding common speech.Scientists compare amusics to people who just can't see certain colours.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断).For years,Margaret felt embarrassed about her music problem. Now she knows that she is not alone.That makes it easier for her to explain.“When people invite me to a concert,I just say‘No,thanks. I'm an amusic.’”says Margaret.“I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”本文是一篇说明文。
人教版高中英语必修四Unit3Learningaboutlanguage。
inmyopinion.
Mike,Johnare()boyncoammmonesinEnglishspeakingcountries
7.throughoutprep.
1)（表示地区）遍及,整个如：
这家公司的分店遍及全国
Thecompanyhasbranches throughoutthecountry.
9.pickout a.(从同类当中)选出……；选择 Shepickedoutapinkdressforherdaughter.
她给女儿挑了粉红色的衣服。
b.(在许多人当中)看出；辨认出…… Canyoupickoutyourmotherinthiscrowd?
你能在人群中找到令堂吗？
10.Heeatseachmouthfulwithgreatenjoy ment.
Inthe1990s,Mr.Beanbecameastarusingmimetohighlightdiffic
ultsocialsituationsmuchasCharlieChaplinhaddone.Hismethod
ofactingwastoappear________,lookaroundandthendoexactlyt
Completethepassagewiththewordsandphrasesbelowintheirprop erforms.
enjoymentovercomelaughtercutoffoutstandingchewuncertainpicko utthroughoutfailurecharge
pickout
notwanttoappearasocial_____f_a_il_u.Orenoneoccasioninarestaura ntheorderedasteaktartare.Whentheuncookedmeatarrivedhewa s_______byshamebecausehecouolvdenorcteoamtite.He________apiec eofmeatandpretendedto________c_u_t_oafmf outhfulbutinsteadput itintotheplantpotbescidheehwim.Heputotherpiecesintohispocket.__ _______themealheseemedtoshowgreat_________inhisfood. Hewassuchan__T_h_r_o_u_gpheorfuotrmerthatwhenhefinishedeatinghis dinner,ethnejowyamiteernotfferedhimthesamedishagainatnoeuxtstrtaa_n_d_i_n!g
人教版高中英语必修四课时作业：Unit 3 A taste of English humour Section Ⅲ含答案
Unit 3 Section ⅢLearning about Language& Using Language课时作业Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．In a sports team each player has a clear role, and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain about their roles.2．Look what a mess you've made of your life.3．He asked about my health whenever he met me.4．There's no reason to be disappointed. As a matter of fact, this could be rather amusing (amuse)．5．He must have completed(complete) his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.6．Be particularly (particular) careful when driving at night.7．How did she react to the results?8．They whispered to each other for a long time.Ⅱ.单句改错1．The old man sat in his rocking chair, amused himself by listening to Beijing Opera.amused→amusing 2．He is whispering his neighbour，“Let's go hunting.”his前加to 3．Workers reacted angrily for the news of more job losses at the factory.for→to 4．In one occasion the young man performed by the road.In→On 5．He slides into the classroom while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.slides→slid 6．Your desk is in mess. I have told you many times to put things where they are.in后加a Ⅲ.阅读理解AHumor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected, means of handling the difficult situations in our lives. It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying“no”，criticizing, and getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face. For some jobs, it is the only tool that can succeed. It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that a serious dialogue may start a riot. For example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance than people in any other forum.Humor is often the best way to keep a small misunderstanding from escalating (升级) into a big deal. Recently a neighbor of mine had a quarrel with his wife as she drove him to the airport. Airborne, he felt miserable, and he knew she did, too. Two hours after she returned home, she received a long-distance phone call.“Person-to-person for Mrs. I. A. Pologize.”intoned the operator.“That's spelled ‘P’ as in ...” In a twinkling (眨眼间), the whole day changed from bad to lovely at both ends of the wire.An English hostess with a quick wit was giving a formal dinner for eight distinguished guests whom she hoped to enlist (赞助) in a major charity drive. Austerity was a fashion in England at the time, and she had asked her children to serve the meal. She knew that anything could happen ... and it did, just as her son, with the studied concentration of a tightrope walker, brought in a large roast turkey; he successfully elbowed the swinging dining-room door, but the back bird dropped onto the dining-room floor.The boy stood rooted, the guests staring at their plates. Moving only her head the hostess looked at her son，“No harm, Daniel”，she said，“just pick him up and take him back to the kitchen” ... she enunciated (发音) clearly so he would think about what she wa s saying ...“and bring in the other one.”A wink and a one-liner instantly changed the dinner from a red-faced embarrassment to a laughter.【解题导语】幽默能使我们有效地应对尴尬的局面。
最新人教版高中英语必修四Unit 3 Learning about Languag
Unit 3 A taste of English humourLearning about Language动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语【语法感知】用所给词的适当形式填空,并指出其在句中所充当的成分1.No one was ever bored watching him—his subtle acting made everything entertaining (entertain).(宾语补足语)2.He grew more and more popular as his charming (charm) character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world.(定语)3.He walked around stiffly carrying a walking (walk) stick.(定语)4.The acting is so convincing (convince) that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.(表语)【语法精讲】一、动词-ing形式在句中作表语1.作表语的动词-ing所体现的是名词的特性,用于对主语的内容进行解释说明,可表示抽象或习惯上的动作,且主语和表语可以换位。
*One of his weaknesses is telling lies.= Telling lies is one of his weaknesses.他的缺点之一就是撒谎。
*My job is delivering milk from door to door every morning.我的工作就是每天早上挨家挨户送牛奶。
2.作表语的现在分词是形容词性的,表示主语的性质或特征,这时通常看作是形容词,且主语与表语不可换位。
00-01学年英语人教版必修4： Unit 3 Learning about L
C．having a good opinion of other people
D．making people laugh unexpectedly
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案为 A 项。
答案：A
3．From the passage, we know that all jokes
.
A．show how much better we are than other people
Showing how much better we are than other people is not only one reason we like jokes. People may also use jokes, to express their anger or cruelty or any other kind of action that is not acceptable to us. We feel free to laugh when hearing about someone sliding on a banana skin. The joke lets us express those attitudes which are usually unacceptable to society. This is probably the reason why some of the jokes, especially those involving cruelty，are so popular with certain people.
All jokes depend on our enjoyment of laughing at something strange and out of place because it's different from things happening around it. The same situation can be either sad or pleasant, depending entirely on how strange and out of place it is. If a girl in a Aristotle，jokes depend mainly on
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人教新目标高中英语必修四Unit 3 A taste of English HumourLearning about the language 导学案一、课前预习I. 重点短语1. 突然大笑起来________________________________2. 有时________________________________3. 摘下；逐个击落________________________________4. 消减；砍倒________________________________5. 切碎________________________________II. 完成句子：用上面的短语完成下列句子。
1. Hearing Michael’s amusing stories，they both _______________________________________.听到迈克尔的滑稽故事，他们两个都大笑起来。
2. We no longer keep up the close friendship of ten years ago，though we still ________________.我们的友谊不像十年前那么密切了，尽管我们有时还是拜访对方。
3. They are no longer worried about the cold weather，because they have ____________________.他们不再担心冷天气了，因为他们已经把所有的苹果都摘了下来。
4. Now the income of the family was ________________________________________________. 现在家里的收入已经压缩了三分之一以上。
5. He is suffering from a toothache，so he always _______________________________________.他现在牙痛，所以他吃饭前总是把食物切碎。
二、语法突破：动词的-ing形式(一) 动词-ing形式的时态和语态1. 动词-ing形式除了可起名词的作用，还可以起形容词或副词的作用。
动词-ing形式保留动词的特征，可以带自己的__________、__________ 或表语，叫做-ing短语。
2. 动词-ing形式当然也有________________和____________的变化。
动词-ing形式有一般式和完成式两种时态，并有相应的被动形式，此外注意否定形式的表达方法：在-ing分词前加not。
在完成式中，若用never表否定时，never应放在have之后，having never+ v-ed。
(二) 动词-ing形式作表语1. (1) The dinner looks . (性质，特征)晚餐很诱人。
(2) His job is . (具体内容)他的工作就是送报纸。
小结：动词-ing形式可作表语，说明主语的性质、特征或具体内容。
2. (1) _______________ everything is to know nothing=Knowing everything is .世上没有万事通。
(2) Her job is the office clean.她的工作是保持办公室整洁。
(3) Her job this afternoon is the office.她今天下午的工作是打扫办公室。
小结：动词-ing形式和不定式作表语时都可以表示主语的内容，两者常可换用。
但两者也有一定的区别：动词-ing形式多表示泛指的、经常性的动作，而不定式则强调具体的、一次性或将要发生的动作。
需要注意的是，主系表结构中的主语和表语一般需要用同类的非谓语动词，即主语和表语都用动词-ing形式或都是不定式形式。
(三) 动词-ing形式作定语1. (1) In the distance we could hear (= a dog that is barking).在远处我们就能听见犬吠。
(2) The kids are playing happily in (=the pool for swimming).孩子们在游泳池玩得正欢。
小结：单个的动词-ing形式作定语时，可表示主语的动作、状态或用途、性能，一般放在被修饰词之前(前置定语)。
2. (1) The man (=who is talking with our principal) is my father.和我们校长谈话的那个人是我父亲。
(2) [错误] The expert coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.[正确] The expert will give us a lecture.昨天来的专家将要给我们作一个讲座。
小结：动词-ing短语作定语时，一般放在被修饰词之后(后置定语)，相当于一个定语从句。
(四) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语1. (1) I saw a small girl in front of a goldfish pond.我看到一个小女孩站在金鱼缸前。
(2) I’m sorry to have kept you for me for so long.对不起，让你久等了。
(3) The baby was heard in the next room.人们听到婴儿在隔壁哭。
小结：动词-ing形式及其短语可以在“主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾补”句型中做宾补，该句型中的宾语往往是动词-ing形式的逻辑主语。
常见动词有：表示感觉和心理状态的catch，feel，find，hear，listen to，observe，notice，see，smell，watch等，及表示“致使”等意义的get，have，keep，leave，make，set等。
注意，上述句型若改为被动结构，动词-ing形式则为主语补足语。
2. (1) I heard him .我听见他在敲门。
(2) I saw thief and disappear in the crowd.我看见那贼下了火车，消失在人群中。
小结：在一些感官类动词如“see，hear”后既可以接省略to的不定式也可接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，其区别在：动词的-ing形式表示动作正在进行，不是指全过程；不定式表示动作的完成，指全过程。
三、课后自测(一)基础知识自测I. 单词拼写1. There was nothing in the letter of (特别的)importance.2. The opening of a new school is always a great (事件，场合).3. The local government has made great efforts to balance the (预算).4. Emma Watson is one of the best-known (女演员) among Chinese teenagers because of her role in Harry Porter series.5. Seeing that George had no glass，Fred (使……滑动) the extra glass across the table.II．单项选择1. I can hardly imagine Peter across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A. sailB. sailingC. to sailD. to have sailed2. —Have you moved into the new house？—Not yet，the rooms .A. are being paintingB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painted3. —Why did you go back to the shop？—I left my friend there.A. waitingB. to waitC. waitD. waited4. It’s fun to see all the food I have made in such a short time.A. eatingB. to be eatenC. being eatenD. eaten5. Martial Art Films are supposed to be educational，inspiring，as well as .A. joyB. entertainedC. entertainingD. delighted6. The flowers sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt7. The old man，abroad for twenty years，is on the way back to his motherland.A. to workB. workingC. to have workedD. having worked8. The driver will be stopped at once if he is found over the limited speed.A. driveB. drivingC. to driveD. driven9. The salesman scolded the girl caught and let her off.A. stolenB. stealC. to stealD. stealing10. Everything was quiet，but I was scared because I could hear someone softly toward me.A. walkB. walkingC. to walkD. being walking(二)能力提升自测1. He couldn’t his father that John was telling the truth.A. convinceB. believeC. admitD. display2. We shouldn’t complain about being poor because many families are much .A. better offB. badly ofC. well offD. worse off3. With the electricity ，all the machines stopped.A. cut offB. cut downC. was cut offD. was cut down4. —How are you getting on with your business，Tom？—I’m glad to say it is .A. picking upB. making upC. taking upD. turning up5. Whatever achievements you have achieved，you should not be with them. If you ，it is unlikely that you will make further achievements.A. satisfied；doB. content；areC. satisfied；doD. contented；are6. The man in the lead swung his right arm a signal for us to stop.A. as if to makeB. even if makingC. even though to makeD. as though making7. If money comes and goes without good planning，you are likely to live . So it is important for you to at the beginning of a year.A. on a tight budget；make a budgetB. in a tight budget；budgetC. for a tight budget；have a budgetD. by a budget；plan a budget8. Don’t be too about what you eat，or you are likely to develop an unbalanced diet，which is harmful to your health.A. specialB. particularC. especialD. worried9. My boss hates interruptions，when he is trying to work.A. occasionallyB. generallyC. speciallyD. especially10. Word came that the famous actor Chen Daoming，who has many well-knownfilms，will his own film very soon.A. star in；directB. starred；directorC. been starred in；directionD. starred in；direct11. It is believed that if an event is ，it will surely the readers of the paper.A. astonished；astonishB. astonishing；be astonishedC. astonishing；astonishD. astonished；be astonished12. His to answer the question made the teacher disappointed.A. senseB. povertyC. failureD. difficulty13. The audience got quickly because of his speech.A. bored；boringB. boring；boredC. bored；boredD. boring；boring14. Could you the children for an hour while I make supper？A. supportB. observeC. deliverD. entertain15. When I took his temperature，it was two degrees above .A. averageB. ordinaryC. regularD. normal(三)智能拓展训练I. 阅读理解I once knew an old man whose bad memory made him famous. John Smith was so forgetful that he sometimes forgot what he was talking about in the middle of a sentence. His wife had to constantly remind him about his meetings，his classes—even his meals. Once he forgot，he ate breakfast twice，at home and at school. His wife liked to remind her neighbors，“If John didn't have his head tied on，he would forget that too！” Since Smith was a professor at a well known university，his forgetfulness was often an embarrassment. It wasn't that he was not clever，as some critical people tended to say，just very，very absent-minded. One hot summer day，Professor Smith decided to take his children to a seaside town about a three- hour train ride away. To make the trip more interesting for his young children，he kept the name of the town a secret. However，by the time they arrived at the station，Smith forgot the name of the town he was planning to visit. Luckily，a friend of his happened to be in the station. He offered to take care of the children while Smith hurried back home to find out where he was going.The professor's wife was surprised to see him again so soon. “Oh，my dear，I forgot the name of the town.” “What？You forgot the name？Maybe one day you will forget my name！Now I'llwrite the name of that town on a piece of paper，and you put it in your pocket and please，please don't forget where you put it.”Satisfied that she had solved the problem，she sent her husband off again. Ten minutes later she was astonished to see him outside the house for the third time.“What is the matter now？”“As you told me，I didn't forget where I put the name of that town，but I forgot where I left our children！”1. In the opinion of the writer of this passage，the professor is ______.A. carelessB. selfishC. foolishD. forgetful2. The underlined word “embarrassment” in the first paragraph may mean ______.A. amusementB. satisfactionC. funD. discomfort3. From the end of the story，we know Mrs. Smith would probably be very______.A. satisfiedB. sorryC. angryD. funnyII．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。