水胶体敷料联合脉冲式超短波治疗静脉炎的效果分析

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水胶体敷料联合脉冲式超短波治疗静脉炎的效果分析

作者:董敏

来源:《中国实用医药》2020年第12期

【摘要】目的研究水胶体敷料联合脉冲式超短波治疗外科手术后静脉炎的效果。方法100例外科手术后出现静脉炎的患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,各50例。实验组应用水胶体敷料联合脉冲式超短波治疗,对照组采用50%硫酸镁湿敷治疗。比较两组治疗3 d后的疼痛评分、治疗7 d后的总有效率及治疗14 d后的痊愈率、护理满意度。结果治疗3 d后,实验组患者的疼痛评分(4.96±3.76)分低于对照组的(9.96±4.92)分,差异有统计学意义

(P<0.05)。治疗7 d后,实验组患者治疗总有效率94%高于对照组的76%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗14 d后,实验组痊愈率92%高于对照组的64%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗14 d后,实验组满意度90%高于对照组的68%,差异有统计学意义

(P<0.05)。结论水胶体敷料联合脉冲式超短波用于治疗外科手术后静脉输液导致的静脉炎效果显著,能减少患者痛苦,提高患者护理满意度。

【关键词】水胶体敷料;脉冲式超短波;护理;术后;静脉炎

DOI:10.14163/ki.11-5547/r.2020.12.012

【Abstract】 Objective; ;To study the effect of water gel dressing combined with pulsed ultrashort wave on postoperative phlebitis. Methods; ;A total of 100 patients with postoperative phlebitis were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 50 cases in each group. The experimental group was treated by water gel dressing combined with ultrashort wave physiotherapy, and the control group was treated by 50% magnesium sulfate wet compress. The pain score 3 d after treatment, total effective rate 7 d after treatment, cure rate 14 d after treatment and satisfaction degree with nursing were compared between the two groups. Results; ;3 d after treatment, the pain score of the experimental group was (4.96±3.76) points, which was lower than that of the control group (9.96±4.92) points, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). 7 d after treatment, the total effective rate of treatment 94% of the experimental group

was higher than that of the control group 76%, and the difference was statistically significant

(P<0.05). 14 d after treatment, the cure rate 92% of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group 64%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). 14 d after treatment, the satisfaction degree; with nursing 90% of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group 68%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion; Water gel dressing combined with pulsed ultrashort wave shows remarkable effect for the treatment of phlebitis caused by postoperative intravenous infusion,and it can reduce patients’ pain and improve their nursing satisfaction.

【Key words】 Water gel dressing; Pulsed ultrashort wave; Nursing; Postoperative; Phlebitis

外科術后患者,特别是肝胆外科术后的患者,由于麻醉方法和术后护理的要求,患者需要不同程度的禁食、禁饮,期间常规静脉补充胃肠外营养,通常需要置静脉留置针[1]。而通过静脉通道进入机体的胃肠外营养液浓度高、液体量大、具有刺激性,常见的不良反应是输注液体的外渗和痉挛,容易导致静脉炎的发生[2]。静脉炎是临床应用高渗透压输液制剂的常见并发症[3]。一般表现为穿刺部位皮肤出现红、肿、热、痛,沿穿刺血管形成红线,呈条索状。需要找到一种有效且快速治愈静脉炎的方法,在保证患者治疗的同时并且预防其进一步的发展,可以有效减轻患者痛苦,降低近期医疗成本,降低治疗期间护士静脉留置穿刺的难度和提高住院患者对静脉留置针的接受度[4]。作者所在科室通过使用水胶体敷料联合脉冲式超短波治疗外科手术后静脉炎效果显著,为临床治疗静脉炎提供了一个新的选择,现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料选择2018年6月~2019年6月100例在内蒙古自治区人民医院肝胆外科腹腔镜手术后发生静脉炎的患者为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组,各50例。实验组男26例,女24例;年龄22~60岁,平均年龄(44.42±11.24)岁;开始处置时静脉炎分级:Ⅰ级11例,Ⅱ级14例,Ⅲ级20例,Ⅳ级5例;上肢36例,下肢14例。对照组男25例,女25例;年龄18~61岁,平均年龄(44.10±11.90)岁;开始处置时静脉炎分级:Ⅰ级10例,Ⅱ级19例,Ⅲ级18例,Ⅳ级3例;上肢37例,下肢13例。两组患者一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。所有患者均采用静脉留置针的静脉输液方式。排除标准[5]:0级和Ⅴ级静脉炎患者;糖尿病或者血糖高患者;低蛋白血症严重水肿的患者;凝血功能障碍患者;手术后输液前穿刺部位皮肤已有损伤、破溃、皮疹的患者;对水胶体敷料过敏的患者;恶病质患者;拒绝合作者。

1. 2 方法

1. 2. 1 实验组采用水胶体敷料联合脉冲式超短波治疗,具体方法:灭菌用注射水清洁患处后,第1天使用水胶体敷料[商品名:康惠尔透明贴,康乐保(中国)医疗用品公司]敷于患

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