高考英语阅读理解猜词技巧[课件]
高中英语阅读之猜词技巧(课堂PPT)
• A. cleaning up B. taking in • C. wiping out D. giving out
6
• 真题演练：
• “The promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But neither is true.” said Bill Christison. (2011陕西）
the weather or to help calculate the height above
sea level.
气压表
2．利用事例或解释猜生词 。例如：
The doctor is studying glaucoma and other
diseases of the eye． a kind of disease of the eye 青光眼
a）…，and other Germanic and Nordic peoples， who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），a Germanic language．
b）… The "Chunnel"，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now complete．
2. Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. “wither” refers to __d_r_y_u_p_a_n_d_d_i_e__.
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧(高分秘诀)PPT课件
English?
A.A letter of complaint. B.A computer handbook.
C.A letter to a frienD. D.A story of a president.
.
15
Part 2 is People: In this part all the tests are about
people. For example, there is an informal letter between
friends. There is formal (正式的) English in biography (传
correct.
Always understanding
It is possible that some problems will arise
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧猜测词义，是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇提供的信息、行文逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某个生词、难词、关键词的词义。
英语词语的意义非常丰富，语境不同，词义也就不同。
所以解决此类题目要掌握一定的猜词策略。
I.根据上下文语境进行猜测例1.(2002年全国卷，B篇)“Organic produce is always better，”Gold said，“The food is free of pesticides(农药)，and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal，so it is more tasty.” Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend，and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food businessis the meaning of “the organic trend”as the words are used in the text？interest in organic food quality of organic foodmarket for organic food prices of organic food例2.(2003年全国卷,C篇)Fermat's Last Theorem(定理).First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique. of the following best explains the meaning of the word “baffle” as used in the text？encourage people to raise questions. cause difficulty in understanding.provide a person with an explanation. limit people's imagination.例 he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken练习： deaf and dump guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails.2. The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.3. All the houses in the city collapsed during the earthquake.4. For people who live within a stone’s throw from the office to be late to work is unforgivable.5. The conflagration was so fierce that with just a few second是 one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义1.(2006年福建卷，A篇) The schools are reluctant to take time off--even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.underlined word“reluctant”in the passage may probably mean_______.A. kindB. unwillingC. freeD. carelessships carried cargo such as coal, oil and military supplies(军用物资),while others carried only passengers.练习：, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifter, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.best football, basketball and tennis players can become professional that means they will have a career in sports and will get money when they play.is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.word “lefty” means a person who uses his or her left hand for writing, eating and other jobs.recommended that everyone exercise every day, particular those who spend many hours doing sedentary activities like reading, typing or sewing.person who has the SARS （非典型肺炎）may have symptoms like coughing and a high temperature. （三）根据反义词或反义关系例如：One idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business polite, life itself is games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.A. Quite right.B. Time enough.C. Most unlike.D. Just the opposite.练习： the Unite States where many different nationalities make up the population, Japan’s population is quite homogeneous.2. Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. But no one panicked, we passed the time telling stories.3. Most of us agreed; however, Gary dissented.4. He is homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.(四). 根据同义词或近义词关系练习： every historic mansion, church, battle site, theatre and other public halls can be preserved.should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.friends laughed at them, and my sister felt wretched, very unhappy.（五）根据构词法猜测词义例如：Exhibition officials said that a person bitten by one of these snakes would need at least 80ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved.练习： quake leaves city flattened.men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life?aging of population will affect American society in many ways----education, medicine and business.（六）根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the even if they start again，Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal.“We have more important things to do，”he said.underlined word“they”in the last paragraph refers to____.A. criminalsB. pigeonsC. the stolen carsD. demands for money（七）利用例证性线索You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in School, or English Learning.练习： United Nations emloyees are polyglots: , for example, speaks five languages fluently.largest player---Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choices---Deluxe Sedans, Minivans, Station Wagons, Coaches, Santana Sedans are the big favorite.writing an article, we often use similes, such as “brave as a lion” and “quick like lightning”.（八）根据转折、因果关系进行猜测例如：(2005年北京卷，D篇)However obvious these facts may appear at first glance，they are actully not so obvious as they seem expect when we take special pains to think about the subject.paragraph 3，“take special pains”probably means“_____”.very hard our time very unhappy especially painful实战练习：2006年安徽卷 C…Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. … If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves.64. By describing lions as “opportunist” in the first paragraph, the author means to say that lions____.A. are cruel animalsB. are clever animalsC. like to take advantage of other animalsD. like to take every chance to eat2006年上海卷 C…Analyzing the law of the talion---an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth---William Ian Miller presents an original thinking over the concept of “pay back.”73. The word “talion”in introducing the book Eye for an Eye is probably a concept of______.A. medicineB. tradeC. avengingD. striving2006年天津卷 CSome children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. …“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” said Russell Barkley, a professor…44. The underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in Paragraph 2 means _____.A. inborn natureB. developed characterC. accepted theoryD. particular environment2006年湖南卷 E…When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American cultural life, trying hard to follow every new development, Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.71. The underlined sentence in Paragragh 1 means Sontag _____.A. was a symbol of American cultural lifeB. developed world literature, film and artC. published many essays about world cultured.D. kept pace with the newest development of world culturelargest player – Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists.The words "deluxe sedans," "minivans" and "station wagons" used in the text refer to ____.A. cars in the makingB. car rental firmsC. cars for rentD. car makersI feel that since you are my superior（上司）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .A．full of respect B． rude and too confidentC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet73. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don't understand something, they say so.The word "audience" in the paragraph means ____.A. studentsB. people who watch a playC. people who act on the stageD. people who listen to something74. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药） was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）.The underlined part "the colours turned the customers off" means that the colours_______ Attracted the customers stronglyHad weak effects on the customersTricked the customers into shoppingCaused the customers to lose interest75.. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes ."hazard" means ___________________A. pleasure,B. problem,C. danger,D. attraction76. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase "the most vocal" means______A. Those who try their best to winB. Those who value competition most highlywho are against competition most stronglyD. Those who rely on others most for success。
高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧[课件]
![高三英语阅读理解猜词技巧[课件]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/04d6dca7aaea998fcc220e8a.png)
转化 Conversion
大家好
表否定 un-, non-, in-, dis-
表相反 un-, de-, dis-, counter-
错误失当 mis-, mal-, pseudo-
prefix
表向背 pro-, anti表程度 arch-, super-, ultra- ,
over-, under-, mini-, semi- ,
超自然的
They caught the emotional landscape
from heartbreak to joy, but share the 风景
undeniable longing for recovery and hope.
(2010深一模) 不可否认的 大家好
合成 Compounding
legend
大家好
词义理解题常见的题型有: 1. The word “…” refers to / probably means/
could best be replaced by _____.
2. What do you think the expression “…” stands for?
3. The underlined sentence “…” means ______.
3.对代词的猜测
The underlined part “it” (in Para. 4) refers to______.
4.对句义的猜测
When I got back out into the street, the world seemed
brand-new to me. He was something out of an ancient
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
英语高考猜词策略猜测词义在英语高考中起到至关重要的作用，以下几种策略在英语学习中经常应用，才能潜移默化地让学生们掌握更多的词汇。
一.定义法1. It will be very hard but also very brittle------that is , it will break easily.2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.定义或释义关系常由定语从句或由is，or，that is (to say), in other words，be called，be known as, be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示二.根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等1 With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence2. …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …A.商店里的小偷B.商店里的推销员C.商店里的老客户D.商店里的搬运工三.根据同义词，反义词关系1. The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year.2. If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent, write “No”.3. In many nations there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth．小结:and ,or ,such as, like，for example, for instance常连接同义词组。
高中英语阅读理解之猜词技巧训练PPT课件
⑤ Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft .
无辜的、清白的
① Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very
Vests stonemasons polyglots placid abortive subterfuge punctual spirited futile engrossed obstructs evert
① A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.
阅读理解技巧
carpenter mosquito stethoscope kinesics tornado dissent innate grubby thrifty innocent elastic turbid shrewd
TuDrgidowiyth outrimknmoagnwet tbhuleletm-pro?of
2. 根据对比关系猜测生词的词义
在 but, however, yet, otherwise 或 though 这些表示意义转折的连词出现 的句子中，其前后的词有明显的对比 关系。根据已知的内容，通过这种对 比关系，很容易猜出生词的词义。
because ,since 与as 是连接原因 通
状语从句的从属连词，so是连 过
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧1
猜词义，是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇提供的信息、⾏⽂逻辑、背景知识及语⾔结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某个⽣词、难词、关键词的词义。
英语词语的意义⾮常丰富，语境不同，词义也就不同。
所以解决此类题⽬要掌握⼀定的猜词策略。
-根据上下⽂语境进⾏猜测 ⼀个单词或词组的确切含义是和它所处的上下⽂语境分不开的，所以我们可借助上下⽂语境对需要猜测的词或短语进⾏合乎逻辑的推测。
例1.(2002年全国卷，B篇)“Organic produce is always better，”Gold said.“The food is free of pesticides(农药)，and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms.And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal，so it is more tasty.”Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend，and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business. 62.What is the meaning of “the organic trend”as the words are used in the text？ A.growing interest in organic food B.better quality of organic food C.rising market for organic food D.higher prices of organic food 分析：由最后⼀句话可知，越来越多的⼈购买organic food，说明⼈们越来越看好organic food。
高三英语复习课件：阅读理解之词义猜测题型解题技巧课件
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
(n. 牧羊人)
2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词
以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。
表示对比的词有 but while however otherwise unlike instead on the other hand 等等
Tom saw an owl in a tree last night but it flew away when he got near． (n. 猫头鹰) A．a bird B．an animal C. a star
3）The children are looking at an ape.
A．a kind of monkey B．a kind of tree
stands for? 4. The underlined word “…” means ____. 5. The word “ ...” in Paragraph 3 is closest
in meaning to_____
猜 测 词 义
1. Definition 定义法 2. Contrast 对比法 3. Similarity 相似法 4. Cause and effect 因果法 5. Example 例举法 6. Word Formation 构词法 7. Context 上下文 8. Common Sense 普通常识
That museum is so immense that it will be
impossible to see all the exhibitions in one
高考英语阅读技巧之猜词公开课课件
合成法(Compounding)
I. Make full use of the word formation 1.CBA________________ 中国篮球协会 2.ATM ________________ 自动取款机 3.MBA_________________ 工商管理学硕士 前任执行总裁 4.ex-CEO_________________ 英国广播电台 5.BBC__________________
Using Word Formation
缩略法(Abbreviation)
拼缀法(Blending) 去头去尾法 转化法(Conversion)
猜你没商量
Group Competition
I. Make full use of the word formation
1.mispronounce __________(Group1) 误读
6. After Ann put the letter in the envelope, she sealed it and put a stamp on it. 封口
7.We watched as the cat came quietly through the grass toward the bird. When it was just a few feet from the victim, it gathered its legs under itself and pounced….
I. Make full use of the word formation
3. Don’t ①trouble ②trouble until ③trouble ④troubles you.
高中英语词义猜测技巧 PPT 课件
12. Many United Nations employees are polyglot. Mr. White, for example, speaks six languages. polyglot means ___懂__多_种__语__言__的______
Skill 6 _______举__例__(_e_xa_m_p_l_e_s)____________
6. This year about 2,300 teenagers (young people aged from 13－19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in U.S. homes. teenager means ______青__少_年_________
Skill 3 ____标__点__符_号___(p_u_n_c_tu_a_ti_on_)__________
7. The heat of sun warms some ocean water. The surface of the water evaporates, forming a cloud of warm, wet air that moves upward. evaporate means ______蒸__发__________
高中英语阅读理解之猜词法(共13张PPT)
• attributive clause定语从句 • appositive同位语 • appositive clause同位语从句 • symbol: dash破折号
He had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them into heroes.
丑的
Strategy II: By adversative 转折词
but
however not at all
CCoommmmonoAndvAedrsvaetirvseastive
Strategy II: By adversative 转折词
yet, while, otherwise, in spite of, despite, even though, although, though, instead (of), rather than, on the other hand, on the contrary, …
we trUiedntiots8topLheimss, on4 we knew thaJtoituwransethye to aacntEonfgalisbthrhamveeanmA. aWnnteaaanrldlctic
hope to meet the end with a similar spirit.
How Guess New Words in Reading?
• The underlined word… in paragraph… refers to …
• By saying…, the author means to say that…
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5、重述
有牙齿的 灌溉 信号词: or, that is ( to say ), in other words, to put it another way, i.e.
◎Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing.
3、因果关系
信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, so…that, such…that, thus
6、同义词、近义词 信号词: or, like , as…as, the same as The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.
1、定义或解释说明
●信号词：be, be called, mean, be defined as, the same as, like, as...as…, to
be，refer to
Ex. 1 木匠
动物学家
牧人
夜班
◎A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. ◎His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. ◎The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ◎We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.
Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.
麻药 波纹
膨胀 冷缩
8. 根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义
例题： Tom can’t find his sneakers. A. money B. bowls C. shoes Tom can’t find his white sneakers． Tom can’t play tennis now because he can’t find his white sneakers.
代替
圆胖的
7、生活经验, 生活常识, 逻辑推理
When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.
茶托
7)We seldom see a sparrow now. A．a kind of dog B．a kind of plane C．a kind of bird
We seldom see a sparrow in the sky. We seldom see a sparrow in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be．
4、举例法
装置
家禽
信号词: such, such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, consist of Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（刹车）.
adj.敏捷的, 迅速的, 即时的adv.准时地
2）Tom saw an owl last night．
A．a bird B．an animal C．the sun Tom saw an owl in a tree last night． Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near．
2、对比关系
信号词: but, however, yet, otherwise, while, though, on the one hand…on the other hand, for one thing…for another thing, instead of 等
污秽的 Ex. 2
节约的
• He is a good father.
• He is a good child.
• He is a good husband.
• She is a good wife.
他是一个有责任心的丈夫。 她是一个贤惠的妻子。
• She is a good teacher. • She is a good friend.
他家老爷子蹬腿了。
• His beloved father has joined the heavenly choir.
其父已驾鹤西游了。
猜 词 技 巧
1、定义或解释说明 2、对比关系 3、因果关系 4、举例法 5、重述
6、同义词、近义词
7、生活经验, 生活常识, 逻辑推理 8. 根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义 9.根据常见的前缀，词根和后缀进行猜词
不同意
无辜的
◎ Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty. ◎If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.
精明的
Ex. 3
修剪
混浊的
◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.
◎She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的）.
她是一名敬业的老师。
她是一个可靠的朋友。
• • • • • •
Heavy Heavy Heavy Heavy Heavy Heavy
news 晴天霹雳 food 热量高的食物 硬水 water appearance 粗陋的长相 sleeper 睡觉沉的人 smoker 烟鬼
他爹死了。 • His father has died. • His father has passed away. 他父亲去世了。 • His old man has kicked the bucket.
In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.
All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.
The children are looking at an ape at பைடு நூலகம்he zoo ． The children are looking at a large, hairy(毛 的) ape at the zoo．
猿
5）The trout is very cheap． A．fish B．fruit C．apple The fresh trout is very cheap． The fresh trout is very cheap, but I don’t know how to cook it．
l）Jane is usually prompt. A．late B．on time C．pleased
Jane is usually prompt for her classes． Jane is usually prompt for all her classes， but she arrived in the middle of her first class today.
猫头鹰
3）The boy wants a pony． A．dog B．cat C．horse