2017年6月大学英语六级真题(第一套)
2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷一作文
2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷一作文English: With the rapid development of technology, many traditional skills are being replaced by machines or computers. While there are undeniable benefits to this advancement, there are also concerns about the impact on human workers. It is important for society to strike a balance between embracing technological innovation and ensuring job opportunities for people. One way to address this issue is through education and training programs that equip individuals with the necessary skills to adapt to the changing job market. Additionally, governments and businesses should work together to create policies and strategies that promote both technological progress and employment opportunities. Ultimately, it is essential for us to recognize the value of both human labor and technological advancements, and strive for a future where they can coexist harmoniously.中文翻译: 随着技术的快速发展，许多传统技能正被机器或计算机取代。
2017六级考试试卷
2017六级考试试卷2017年6月英语六级考试试卷一、听力理解（共30分钟）听力部分包括短对话、长对话和短文理解，考生需根据所听内容选择正确答案。
1. 短对话（共8题，每题1分）请听以下对话，然后从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案。
对话1：A. 去图书馆B. 去公园C. 去电影院对话2：A. 买票B. 退票C. 换票...对话8：A. 同意B. 不同意C. 无所谓2. 长对话（共7题，每题1分）请听以下长对话，然后从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案。
对话1：A. 工作B. 学习C. 旅行对话2：A. 老师B. 学生C. 同事...对话7：A. 同意B. 不同意C. 保持中立3. 短文理解（共10题，每题2分）请听以下短文，然后从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案。
短文1：A. 环保问题B. 经济发展C. 社会变革短文2：A. 政府B. 企业C. 个人...短文10：A. 乐观B. 悲观C. 客观二、阅读理解（共40分钟）阅读部分包括快速阅读、仔细阅读和阅读理解填空。
1. 快速阅读（共10题，每题1分）请阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容选择正确答案。
文章1：A. 描述B. 说明C. 议论文章2：A. 历史B. 文化C. 科技...文章10：A. 同意B. 不同意C. 部分同意2. 仔细阅读（共10题，每题2分）请阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容选择正确答案。
文章1：A. 描述B. 说明C. 议论文章2：A. 历史B. 文化C. 科技...文章5：A. 乐观B. 悲观C. 客观3. 阅读理解填空（共5题，每题1分）请阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容填空。
文章1：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _文章2：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _...文章5：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _三、写作（共30分钟）请根据以下题目写一篇不少于150词的短文。
2017年6月大学英语六级第1套听力真题及答案
2017年6月六级真题一Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. Doing enjoyable work.B. Having friendly colleagues.C. Earning a competitive salary.D. Working for supportive bosses.2. A. 31%.B. 20%.C. 25%.D. 73%.3. A. Those of a small size.B. Those run by women.C. Those that are well managed.D. Those full of skilled workers.4. A. They can hop from job to job easily.B. They can win recognition of their work.C. They can better balance work and life.D. They can take on more than one job.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. It is a book of European history.B. It is an introduction to music.C. It is about the city of Bruges.D. It is a collection of photos.6. A. When painting the concert hall of Bruges.B. When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.C. When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.D. When writing about Belgium's coastal regions.7. A. The entire European coastline will be submerged.B. The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.C. The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.D. The major European scenic spots will disappear.8. A. Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.B. People cannot get around without using boats.C. It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.D. Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. They make careful preparation beforehand.B. They take too many irrelevant factors into account.C. They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.D. They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.10. A. A person's nervous system is more complicated than imagined.B. Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.C. Mental images often interfere with athletes' performance.D. Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.11. A. Anticipate possible problems.B. Make a list of do's and don'ts.C. Picture themselves succeeding.D. Try to appear more professional.12. A. She wore a designer dress.B. She won her first jury trial.C. She did not speak loud enough.D. She presented moving pictures.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A. Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.B. Its health benefits have been overestimated.C. It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.D. It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.14. A. It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.B. It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.C. It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.D. It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.15. A. Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.B. Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.C. Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.D. Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. Observing the changes in marketing.B. Conducting research on consumer behavior.C. Studying the hazards of young people drinking.D. Investigating the impact of media on government.17. A. It is the cause of many street riots.B. It is getting worse year by year.C. It is a chief concern of parents.D. It is an act of socialising.18. A. They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.B. They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.C. They analysed their family budgets over the years.D. They conducted a thorough research on advertising.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.B. It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.C. It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.D. It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.20. A. Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.B. Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.C. Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.D. Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.21. A. There was no food service on the train.B. The service on the train was not good.C. The restaurant car accepted cash only.D. The cash in her handbag was missing.22. A. By putting money into envelopes.B. By drawing money week by week.C. By limiting their day-to-day spending.D. By refusing to buy anything on credit.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A. Population explosion.B. Chronic hunger.C. Extinction of rare species.D. Environmental deterioration.24. A. They contribute to overpopulation.B. About half of them are unintended.C. They have been brought under control.D. The majority of them tend to end halfway.25. A. It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.B. It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.C. It is neglected in many of the developing countries.D. It is beginning to attract postgraduates' attention.答案：1. B. Having friendly colleagues.2. B. 20%.3. A. Those of a small size.4. C. They can better balance work and life.5. D. It is a collection of photos.6. C. When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.7. A. The entire European coastline will be submerged.8. D. Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.9. C. They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.10. D. Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.11. C. Picture themselves succeeding.12. B. She won her first jury trial.13. C. It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.14. D. It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.15. A. Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.16. B. Conducting research on consumer behavior.17. D. It is an act of socialising.18. A. They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.19. D. It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.20. C. Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.21. C. The restaurant car accepted cash only.22. A. By putting money into envelopes.23. B. Chronic hunger.24. B. About half of them are unintended.25. A. It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.。
2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案 第1套 选词填空
2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套选词填空After becoming president of Purdue University in2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no 26 gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to__27__ the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is "very important" has fallen 28 in the last 5-6 years.Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students' critical thinking skills. Yet like many collegeteachers around the U.S., the faculty remain __29__ that their work as educators can be measured by "learning 30 _ " such as a graduate's ability to investigate and reason. However, the professors need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use __31__ metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly __32__ earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities, despite their global 33__ for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are still important, but employers are __34__ advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be __35__ measured, more people will seek higher education—and come out better thinkers.A. accuratelyB. confirmC. demandingD. doubtfulE. drasticallyF. justifyG. monopolizedH. outcomeI. predominanceJ. presumingK. reputationL. significantM. signifyN. simultaneouslyO. standardized答案：(26)L. significant(27)F. justify(28)E. drastically(29)D. doubtful(30)H. outcome(31)O. standardized(32)B. confirm(33)K. reputation(34)C. demanding(35)A. accurately2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套仔细阅读2篇Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadlyagree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online.Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists, for example, post DNA sequencesat the GenBank repository (库) , and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some500 million objects—but these remain the excepti on, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standardsfor formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide areencouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said inits report that scientists need to "shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as aprivate preserve". Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be publicinformation, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitallyin ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing upto make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them.Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic (利他的). Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citatio ns. The most successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often---get noticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets onmultidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has beendownloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how muc h carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of timber. "I'd much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions," she says. "It's important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible."Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize andlabel files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.46. What do many researchers generally accept?A. It is imperative to protect scientists' patents.B. Repositories are essential to scientific research.C. Open data sharing is most important to medical science.D. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.47. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public?A. Opposed.B. Ambiguous.C. Liberal.D. Neutral.48. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing?A. The fear of massive copying.B. The lack of a research culture.C. The belief that research data is private intellectual property.D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.49. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?A. The ever-growing demand for big data.B. The advancement of digital technology.C. The changing attitude of journals and funders.D. The trend of social and economic development.50. Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ________.A. is becoming increasingly popularB. benefits sharers and users alikeC. makes researchers successfulD. saves both money and laborPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macy's reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macy's has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories.The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably warm weather. "About 80% of our company's year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls (短缺) in cold-weather goods," said chief executive Teny Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter.However, it's clear that Macy's believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏离) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer "voluntary separation" packages to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2016. The company had previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chain's stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.Macy's has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It has plans to open more locations of Macy's Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. It's also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macy's hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.One relative bright spot for Macy's during the holiday season was the online channel, where it rang up "double-digit" increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the U.S.?A. It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.B. It is a direct result of the global economic recession.C. It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.D. It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.52. What does Macy's believe about its problems?A. They can be solved with better management.B. They cannot be attributed to weather only.C. They are not as serious in its online stores.D. They call for increased investments.53. In order to cut costs, Macy's decided to ________.A. cut the salary of senior executivesB. relocate some of its chain storesC. adjust its promotion strategiesD. reduce the size of its staff54. Why does Macy's plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?A. To experiment on its new business concept.B. To focus more on beauty products than clothing.C. To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D. To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.55. What can we learn about Macy's during the holiday season?A. Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.B. Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C. It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.D. It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.Passage one46.D47.A48.C49.C50.BPassage two51.A52.B53.D54.D55.A2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第2套选词填空Half of your brain stays alert and prepared for danger when you sleep in a new place, a study has revealed. This phenomenon is often __26__ to as the "first-night-effect". Researchers from Brown University found that a network in the left hemisphere of the brain "remained more active" than the network in the right side of the brain. Playing sounds into the right ears (stimulating the left hemisphere) of __27__ was more likely to wake them up than if the noises were played into their left ear.It was __28__ observed that the left side of the brain was more active during deep sleep. When the researchers repeated the laboratory experiment on the second and third nights they found the left hemisphere could not be stimulated in the same way during deep sleep. The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a __29__ environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against any __30__ danger.The researchers believe this is the first time that the "first-night-effect" of different brain states has been __31__ in humans. It isn't, however, the first time it has ever been seen. Some animal __32__ also display this phenomenon. For example, dolphins, as well as other __33__ animals, shut down one hemisphere of the brain when they go to sleep. A previous study noted that dolphins always __34__ control their breathing. Without keeping the brain active while sleeping, they would probably drown. But, as the human study suggest, another reason for dolphins keeping their eyes open during sleep is that they can look out for __35__ while asleep. It also keeps their physiological processes working.A.ClassifiedB. consciouslyC. dramaticallyD. exoticE. identifiedF. inherentG. marineH. novelI. potential J. predators K. referred L. species M. specifically N. varieties O. volunteers答案(26)K. referred(27)O. volunteers(28)M. specifically(29)H. novel(30)I. potential(31)E. identified(32)L. species(33)G. marine(34)B. consciously(35)J. predators2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第2套仔细阅读2篇Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.We live today indebted to McCardell, Cashin, Hawes, Wilkins, and Maxwell, and other women who liberated American fashion from the confines of Parisian design. Independence came in tying, wrapping, storing, harmonizing, and rationalizing that wardrobe. These designers established the modem dress code, letting playsuits and other active wear outfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and versatility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day. Fashion in America was logical and answerable to the will of the women who wore it. Implicitly or explicitly, American fashion addressed a democracy, whereas traditional Paris-based fashion was prescriptive and imposed on women, willing or not.In an earlier time, American fashion had also followed the dictates of Paris, or even copied and pirated specific French designs. Designer sportswear was not modeled on that of Europe, as "modem art" would later be; it was genuinely invented and developed in America. Its designers were not high-end with supplementary lines. The design objective and the business commitment were to sportswear, and the distinctive traits were problem-solving ingenuity and realistic lifestyle applications. Ease of care was most important: summer dresses and outfits, in particular, were chiefly cotton, readily capable of being washed and pressed at home. Closings were simple, practical, and accessible, as the modem woman depended on no personal maid to dress her. American designers prized resourcefulness and the freedom of women who wore the clothing.Many have argued that the women designers of this time were able to project their own clothing values into a new style. Of course, much of this argument in the 1930s-40s was advanced because there was little or no experience in justifying apparel (服装) on the basis of utility. If Pariswas cast aside, the tradition of beauty was also to some degree slighted. Designer sportswear would have to be verified by a standard other than that of pure beauty; the emulation of a designer's life in designer sportswear was a crude version of this relationship. The consumer was ultimately to be mentioned as well, especially by the likes of Dorothy Shaver, who could point to the sales figures at Lord & Taylor.Could utility alone justify the new ideas of the American designers? Fashion is often regarded as a pursuit of beauty, and some cherished fashion's trivial relationship to the fine arts. What the designers of the American sportswear proved was that fashion is a genuine design art, answering to the demanding needs of service. Of course these practical, insightful designers have determined the course of late twentieth-century fashion. They were the pioneers of gender equity, in their useful, adaptable clothing, which was both made for the masses and capable of self-expression.46. What contribution did the women designers make to American fashion?A. They made some improvements on the traditional Parisian design.B. They formulated a dress code with distinctive American features.C. They came up with a brand new set of design procedures.D. They made originality a top priority in their fashion design.47. What do we learn about American designer sportswear?A. It imitated the European model.B. It laid emphasis on women's beauty.C. It represented genuine American art.D. It was a completely new invention.48. What characterized American designer sportswear?A. Pursuit of beauty.B. Decorative closings.C. Ease of care.D. Fabric quality.49. What occurred in the design of women's apparel in America during the 1930s-40s?A. A shift of emphasis from beauty to utility.B. The emulation of traditional Parisian design.C. A search for balance between tradition and novelty.D. The involvement of more women in fashion design.50. What do we learn about designers of American sportswear?A. They catered to the taste of the younger generation.B. They radically changed people's concept of beauty.C. They advocated equity between men and women.D. They became rivals of their Parisian counterparts.Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Massive rubbish dumps and sprawling landfills constitute one of the more uncomfortable impacts that humans have on wildlife. They have led some birds to give up on migration. Instead offlying thousands of miles in search of food, they make the waste sites their winter feeding grounds.Researchers in Germany used miniature GPS tags to track the migrations of 70 white storks(鹳) from different sites across Europe and Asi a during the first five months of their lives. While many birds travelled along well-known routes to warmer climates, others stopped short and spent the winter on landfills, feeding on food waste, and the multitudes of insects that thrive on the dumps.In the short-term, the birds seem to benefit from overwintering (过冬) on rubbish dumps. Andrea Flack of the Max Planck Institute found that birds following traditional migration routes were more likely to die than German storks that flew only as far as northern Morocco, and spent the winter there on rubbish dumps. "For the birds it's a very convenient way to get food. There are huge clusters of organic waste they can feed on," said Flack. The meals are not particularly appetising, or even safe. Much of the waste is discarded rotten meat, mixed inwith other human debris such as plastic bags and old toys."It's very risky. The birds can easily eat pieces of plastic or rubber bands and they can die," said Flack."And we don't know about the long-term consequences. They might eat something toxic and damage their health. We cannot estimate that yet."The scientists tracked white storks from different colonies in Europe and Africa. The Russian, Greek and Polish storks flew as far as South Africa, while those from Spain, Tunisia and Germany flew only as far as the Sahel.Landfill sites on the Iberian peninsula have long attracted local white storks, but all of theSpanish birds tagged in the study flew across the Sahara desert to the western Sahel. Writing inthe journal, the scientists describe how the storks from Germany were clearly affected by thepresence of waste sites, with four out of six birds that survived for at least five months over wintering on rubbish dumps in northern Morocco, instead of migrating to the Sahel.Flack said it was too early to know whether the benefits of plentiful food outweighed the risksof feeding on landfills. But that's not the only uncertainty. Migrating birds affect eco systems both at home and at their winter destinations, and disrupting the traditional routes could haveunexpected side effects. White storks feed on locusts (蝗虫) and other insects that can become pests if their numbers get out of hand. "They provide a useful service," said Flack.51. What is the impact of rubbish dumps on wildlife?A. They have forced white storks to search for safer winter shelters.B. They have seriously polluted the places where birds spend winter.C. They have accelerated the reproduction of some harmful insects.D. They have changed the previous migration habits of certain birds.52. What do we learn about birds following the traditional migration routes?A. They can multiply at an accelerating rate.B. They can better pull through the winter.C. They help humans kill harmful insects.D. They are more likely to be at risk of dying.53. What does Andrea Flack say about the birds overwintering on rubbish dumps?A. They may end up staying there permanently.B. They may eat something harmful.C. They may evolve new feeding habits.D. They may have trouble getting adequate food.54. What can be inferred about the Spanish birds tagged in the study?A. They gradually lose the habit of migrating in winter.B. They prefer rubbish dumps far away to those at home.C. They are not attracted to the rubbish dumps on their migration routes.D. They join the storks from Germany on rubbish dumps in Morocco.55. What is scientists' other concern about white storks feeding on landfills?A. The potential harm to the ecosystem.B. The genetic change in the stork species.C. The spread of epidemics to their homeland.D. The damaging effect on bio-diversity.Passage one46.B47.D48.C49.A50.CPassage two51.D52.D53.B54.C55.A2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第3套选词填空Let's all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can't seem to keep their inner monologues (独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain __26__ better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.According to a series of experiments published in theQuarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to __27__ mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty __28__ and asked themto find just one of those, a banana. Half were __29__ to repeat out loud what they were lookingfor and the other half kept their lips __30__. Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn't, the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan andSwignley found that __31__ the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helpedquicken someone's pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you've __32__ matured is not a great sign of __33__. The two professors hope to refute that idea, __34__ that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help"augment thinking".Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a g rocery list. At any __35__, there's still such a thing as too much information.A. apparentlyB. arroganceC. brillianceD. claimingE. dedicatedF. focusedG. incurH. instructedI. obscurelyJ. sealedK. spectatorsL. triggerM. utteringN. volumeO. volunteers(26)F. focused(27)L. trigger(28)O. volunteers(29)H. instructed(30)J. sealed(31)M. uttering(32)A. apparently(33)C. brilliance(34)D. claiming(35)N. volume2017年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第3套仔细阅读2篇Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Tennessee's technical and community colleges will not outsource (外包) management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus' spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings—which included data from the system's 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities—were part of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam's proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money."While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial," Morgan wrote to the presidents. "System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative."Worker's advocates have criticized Haslam's plan, saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan, which has not been finalized.Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state's Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a "business justification" the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan."The state's facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February," Martin said. "At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed."Morgan's comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam's plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor's proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization "unworkable".46. What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?A. It is backed by a campus spending analysis.B. It has been flatly rejected by the governor.C. It has neglected their faculty's demands.D. It will improve their financial situation.47. What does the campus spending analysis reveal?A. Private companies play a big role in campus management.B. Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.C. Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.D. Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial affairs.48. Workers' supporters argue that Bill Haslam's proposal would _________.A. deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilitiesB. make workers less motivated in performing dutiesC. render a number of campus workers joblessD. lead to the privatization of campus facilities49. What do we learn from the state spokeswoman's response to John Morgan's decision?A. The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.B. The outsourcing plan will be implemented.C. The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.D. The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.50. Why did John Morgan decide to resign?A. He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.B. He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.C. He thought the state's outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable.D. He opposed the governor's plan to reconstruct the college board system.Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination (终极) of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class—the same that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompson spoke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as "being impatiently desirous of viewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics". Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist. Panini's Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative (唤起回忆的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.51. What is said about the Grand Tour?A. It was fashionable among young people of the time.B. It was unaffordable for ordinary people.C. It produced some famous European artists.D. It made a compulsory part of college education.52. What did Grand Tourists have in common?。
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案PartⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…PartⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black Americans As Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for AfricanAmericans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained byObama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election.Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.1. How did Erin White feel upon seeing Barack Obama's victory in the election?A) Excited.B) Victorious.C) Anxious.D) Relieved.2. Before the election, Erin White has been haunted by the question of whether ______.A) she could obtain her MBA degreeB) she could go as far as she wanted in lifeC) she was overshadowed by her white peersD) she was really an achiever as a student3. What is the focus of Ashby Plant's study?A) Racist sentiments in America.B) The power of role models.C) Personality traits of successful blacks.D) The dual character of African Americans.4. In their experiments, Ray Friedman and his colleagues found that ______.A) blacks and whites behaved differently during the electionB) whites' attitude towards blacks has dramatically changedC) Obama's election has eliminated the prejudice against blacksD) Obama's success impacted blacks' performance in language tests5. What do Brian Nosek's preliminary results suggest?A) The change in bias against blacks is slow in coming.B) Bias against blacks has experienced an unusual drop.C) Website visitor's opinions are far from being reliable.D) Obama's popularity may decline as time passes by.6. A negative side of the Obama effect is that ______.A) more people have started to criticise President Obama's racial policiesB) relations between whites and African Americans may become tense againC) people are now less ready to support policies addressing racial inequalityD) white people are likely to become more critical of African Americans7. Cheryl Kaiser holds that people should be constantly reminded that ______.A) Obama's success is sound proof of black's potentialB) Obama is but a rare example of black's excellenceC) racial inequality still persists in American societyD) blacks still face obstacles in political participation8. According to Effron, if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected, there would also have been a negative effect on ______.9. It is possible that the Obama effect will be short-lived if there is a change in people's ______.10. The worst possible aspect of the Obama effect is that people could ignore his race altogether and continue to hold on to their old racial ______.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) The man failed to keep his promise.B) The woman has a poor memory.C) The man borrowed the book from the library.D) The woman does not need the book any more.12. A) The woman is making too big a fuss about her condition.B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise.C) The woman should spend more time outdoors.D) People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting.13. A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded.B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt.C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts.D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.14. A) He regrets having published the article.B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints.C) Not many people have read his article.D) The woman is only trying to console him.15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being.B) Go see Daisy immediately.C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone.D) Buy Daisy a new notebook.16. A) Batteries.B) Garden tools.C) Cameras.D) Light bulbs.17. A) The speakers will watch the game together.B) The woman feels lucky to have got a ticket.C) The man plays center on the basketball team.D) The man can get the ticket at its original price.18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.B) The man will return home before going to the concert.C) It is the first time the speakers are attending a concert.D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.B) He is good at both language and literature.C) He prefers teaching to administrative work.D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.20. A) They hate exams.B) The all plan to study in Cambridge.C) They are all adults.D) They are going to work in companies.21. A) Difficult but rewarding.B) Varied and interesting.C) Time-consuming and tiring.D) Demanding and frustrating.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Interviewing a moving star.B) Discussing teenage role models.C) Hosting a television show.D) Reviewing a new biography.23. A) He lost his mother.B) He was unhappy in California.C) He missed his aunt.D) He had to attend school there.24. A) He delivered public speeches.B) He got seriously into acting.C) He hosted talk shows on TV.D) He played a role in East of Eden.25. A) He made numerous popular movies.B) He has long been a legendary figure.C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies.D) He was the most successful actor of his time.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26. A) It carried passengers leaving an island.B) A terrorist forced it to land on Tenerife.C) It crashed when it was circling to land.D) 18 of its passengers survived the crash.27. A) He was kidnapped eight months ago.B) He failed in his negotiations with the Africans.C) He was assassinated in Central Africa.D) He lost lots of money in his African business.28. A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement.B) The workers' pay was raised and their working hours were shortened.C) The trade union gave up its demand.D) The workers on strike were all fired.29. A) Sunny.B) Rainy.C) Windy.D) Cloudy.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake.B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject.C) Very few of them knew much about geology.D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before.31. A) By reflecting on Americans' previous failures in predictingearthquakes.B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred.C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes.D) By explaining some essential geological principles.32. A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake.B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used.C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.D) Write down any points where he could improve.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It was invented by a group of language experts in the year of 1887.B) It is a language that has its origin in ancient Polish.C) It was created to promote economic globalization.D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.34. A) It aims to make Esperanto a working language in the U. N.B) It has increased its popularity with the help of the media.C) It has encountered increasingly tougher challenges.D) It has supporters from many countries in the world.35. A) It is used by a number of influential science journals.B) It is widely taught at schools and in universities.C) It has aroused the interest of many young learners.D) It has had a greater impact than in any other country.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2017六级试题及答案
2017六级试题及答案一、听力理解1. A) 5:40B) 5:50C) 6:00D) 6:10答案：C2. A) At a restaurant.B) At a bookstore.C) At a school.D) At a hospital.答案：A3. A) He is a football player.B) He is a basketball player.C) He is a baseball player.D) He is a volleyball player.答案：B二、阅读理解Passage 141. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of self-confidence.B) The importance of self-discipline.C) The importance of self-improvement.D) The importance of self-motivation.答案：A42. What does the author suggest to achieve success?A) Set high goals.B) Work hard.C) Be confident.D) Be persistent.答案：C43. What is the best title for the passage?A) The Power of ConfidenceB) The Power of PersistenceC) The Power of GoalsD) The Power of Discipline答案：APassage 244. What is the author's opinion about the new policy?A) It is necessary.B) It is controversial.C) It is effective.D) It is unnecessary.答案：B45. What is the main purpose of the new policy?A) To reduce traffic congestion.B) To protect the environment.C) To promote public transportation.D) To increase government revenue.答案：A46. What is the author's attitude towards the new policy?A) Supportive.B) Critical.C) Neutral.D) Indifferent.答案：C三、完形填空47. A) HoweverB) ThereforeC) MoreoverD) Furthermore答案：A48. A) surprisedB) disappointedC) excitedD) bored答案：B49. A) DespiteB) AlthoughC) BecauseD) Since答案：B50. A) successB) failureC) opportunityD) challenge答案：A四、翻译51. 随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。
2017年6月大学英语六级真题附答案解析-全三套
2017 年6 月大学英语六级考试真题(第1 套)PartⅠWriting (30minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150words but no morethan 200 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartⅡListeningComprehension (30minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) He wouldfeelinsulted. B) He would feel verysad.C) He wouldbeembarrassed. D) He would bedisappointed.2.A) They are worthy ofa prize. B) They are of littlevalue.C)They makegoodreading. D) They needimprovement.3.A) He seldom writes a book straightthrough.B)He writes several bookssimultaneously.C)He draws on his real-lifeexperiences.D)He often turns to his wife forhelp.4.A) Writing a book is just like watching a footballmatch.B)Writers actually work every bit as hard asfootballers.C)He likes watching a football match after finishing abook.D)Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing abook.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)Achievements of black male athletes in college.B)Financial assistance to black athletes incollege.C)High college dropout rates among blackathletes.D)Undergraduate enrollments of blackathletes.6.A) They display great talent in every kind ofgame.B)They are better at sports than at academicwork.C)They have difficulty finding money to complete theirstudies.D)They make money for the college but often fail to earn adegree.7.A)About15%. B) Around40%.C)Slightlyover50%. D) Approximately70%.8.A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduatethem.B)College degrees do not count much tothem.C)They have little interest in academicwork.D)Schools do not deem it a seriousproblem.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)Marketingstrategies. B) Holidayshopping.C)Shoppingmalls. D) Onlinestores.10.A) About 50% of holidayshoppers.B)About 20-30% of holidayshoppers.C)About 136million.D)About 183.8million.11.A) They have fewercustomers.B)They find it hard tosurvive.C)They are thriving oncemore.D)They appeal to elderlycustomers.12.A) Better quality of consumergoods.B)Higher employment andwages.C)Greater varieties ofcommodities.D)People having more leisuretime.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A) They are new species of biginsects.B)They are overprescribedantibiotics.C)They are life-threateningdiseases.D)They are antibiotic-resistantbacteria.14.A) Antibiotics are now in shortsupply.B)Many infections are no longercurable.C)Large amounts of tax money arewasted.D)Routine operations have becomecomplex.15.A)Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) It is accessible only to thetalented.B)It improves students‟ ability tothink.C)It starts a lifelong learningprocess.D)It gives birth to many eminentscholars.17.A) They encourage academicdemocracy.B)They promoteglobalization.C)They uphold the presidents‟authority.D)They protect students‟rights.18.A) His thirstforknowledge. B) His eagerness to find ajob.C) His contempt for authority. D) His potential forleadership.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) Few people know how to retrieve informationproperly.B)People can enhance their memory with a fewtricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mentalpowers.20.A) They present the states in a surprisingly differentorder.B)They include more or less the same number ofstates.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in theatlas.D)They contain names of the most familiarstates.21.A) Focusing on what is likely to betested.B)Having a good sleep the nightbefore.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to takeplace.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing youranswers.22.A) Discover when you can learnbest.B) Change your time of study daily.B)Give yourself a double bonusafterwards.D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A) He isapolitician. B) He is abusinessman.C)He isasociologist. D) He is aneconomist.24.A) Inslums.B)InAfrica.C)In pre-industrialsocieties.D)In developingcountries.25.A)Theyhavenoaccesstohealthcare,letaloneentertainmentorrecreation.B) Their income is less than 50% of the national average familyincome.C) They work extra hours to have their basic needsmet.D) Their children cannot afford to go to privateschools.PartIII ReadingComprehension (40minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for eachblank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Let ’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can ’t seem to keep their inner monologues( 独 白 ) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain26 better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to27 mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty28 and asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips30. Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn ’t ，theresearchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that31 the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone‟s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you‟ve32 matured is not a great sign of33. The two professors hope to refute that idea,34 that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any35, there‟s still such a thing as too muchinformation.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Eachparagraph is marked withaletter. Answer the questions by markingthecorrespondingletteron Answer Sheet2.Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently[A] ThelivesofchildrenfromrichandpoorAmericanfamilieslookmoredifferentthaneverbefore.[B] Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after-school A) Apparently B) Arrogance C) Brilliance D) Claiming E) Dedicated F) Focused G) Incur H) Instructed I) ObscurelyJ) SealedK) spectatorsL) TriggerM) UtteringN) VolumeO) Volunteersprograms, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend alotof time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.[C]In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family. They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parent s say aren‟t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with thelaw.[D]The class differences in child rearing are growing — a symptom of widening inequality withfar-reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions, especially because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up learningtheskillstosucceedintheirsocioeconomicstratum (阶层), butnotnecessarilyothers.[E]“Earlychildhoodexperiencescanbeveryconsequentialforchildren‟slong-termsocial,emotionaland cognitive development,” said Sean Reardon, professor of poverty and inequality in education at Stanford University. “And because those influence educational success and later earnings, early childhood experiences cast a lifelong shadow.” The cycle continues: Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children, which can leave children less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower earnings.[F]American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle-class and higher- income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate eliteinstitutions.[G]Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults. There are benefits to both approaches. Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less andare closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher-income children are more likely to declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in college and on the way to the middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces, Ms. Lareausaid.[H]“Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she said. “Do some strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions? Probably they do. Will parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubtit.”[I]Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents have less money to spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school events. Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more than $75,000 a year, 84% say their children have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64% have done volunteer work and 62% have taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less than $30,000, 59% of children have done sports, 37% have volunteered and 41% have taken artsclasses.[J]Especiallyinaffluentfamilies,childrenstartyoung.Nearlyhalfofhigh-earning,college-graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with one-fifth of low-income, less- educated parents. Nonetheless, 20% of well-off parents say their children‟s sc hedules are too hectic, compared with 8% of poorerparents.[K]Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabulariesand better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents with a college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than othersto read to their children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschoolor day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree orless.[L]The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents‟ attitudes toward education do not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the importance of education for upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children‟s grades as long as they work hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthierparents.[M]Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe thatthere is no such thing as too much involvement in a child‟s education. Parents who are white, wealthy or college- educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances.High- earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children. While bullying is parents‟ greatest concern over all, nearly half of low-income parents worry their childwill get shot, compared with one-fifth of high-income parents. They are more worried about their children being depressed oranxious.[N]In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $30,000 and $75,000 a year fell right between working-class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising children,participationinextracurricularactivitiesandinvolvementintheirchildren‟seducation.[O]Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children from high- and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr. Reardon‟ s research. People used to live near people of different income levels; neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live in single-parent households — a historic high, according to Pew 一and these children are three times as likely to live in poverty as those who live with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle-classwage.[P]Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade, even asincome inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like reading to children and going to libraries, havenarrowed.[Q]Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public preschool programs and readinginitiatives.Addressingdifferencesintheearliestyears,itseems,couldreduceinequalityinthenext generation.36.Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect toadults.37.American parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children despitedifferent ways ofparenting.38.Whilerichparentsaremoreconcernedwiththeirchildren‟spsychologicalwell-being,poorparents are more worried about their children‟s safety.39.The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social inequality.40.Parenting approaches of working-class and affluent families both haveadvantages.41.Higher-incomefamiliesandworking-classfamiliesnowtendtoliveindifferentneighborhoods.42.Physical punishment is used much less by well-educatedparents.reaudoesn‟tbelieveparticipatinginfewerafter-classactivitieswillnegativelyaffectchildren‟sdevelopment.44.Wealthy parents are concerned about their children‟s mental health and busyschedules.45.Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in thepast ten years.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Tennessee‟s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包) management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus‟ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings —which included data from the system‟s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities —were part of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam‟s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”Worker‟s advocates have criticized Haslam‟s plan, saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan,which has not been finalized.Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state‟s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.“The state‟s faci lities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February,” Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”Morgan‟s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam‟s plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January becau se of the governor‟s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.46.What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges inTennessee?A)It is backed by a campus spendinganalysis.B)It has been flatly rejected by thegovernor.C)It has neglected their faculty‟s demands.D )It will improve their financialsituation.47.What does the campus spending analysisreveal?A)Private companies play a big role in campusmanagement.B)Facilities management by colleges is morecost-effective.C)Facilities management has greatly improved in recentyears.D)Colleges exercise foil control over their own financialaffairs.48.Worke rs‟ supporters argue that Bill Haslam‟s proposalwould .A)deprive colleges of the right to manage theirfacilitiesB)make workers less motivated in performingdutiesC)render a number of campus workersjoblessD)lead to the privatization of campusfacilities49.What do we learn from the state spokeswoman‟s response to John Morgan‟s decision?A)The outsourcing plan is not yetfinalized.B)The outsourcing plan will beimplemented.C)The state officials are confident about the outsourcingplan.D)The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcingplan.50.Why did John Morgan decide toresign?A)He had lost confidence in the Tennessee stategovernment.B)He disagreed with the governor on higher educationpolicies.C)He thought the state‟s outsourcing proposal was simplyunworkable.D)He opposed the governor‟s plan to reconstruct the college boardsystem.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination(终极) of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class—the same that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as anunderstanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompsonspoke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of v iewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist. Panini‟s Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative ( 唤起回忆的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.51.What is said about the GrandTour?A)It was fashionable among young people of thetime.B)It was unaffordable for ordinarypeople.C)It produced some famous Europeanartists.D)It made a compulsory part of collegeeducation.52.What did Grand Tourists have incommon?A)They had much geographicknowledge.B)They were courageous andventuresome.C)They were versed in literature and interested inart.D)They had enough travel and outdoor-lifeexperience.53.How did Grand Tourists benefit from theirtravel?A)They found inspiration in the world‟s greatestmasterpieces.B)They got a better understanding of early humancivilization.C)They developed an interest in the origin of modem artforms.D)They gained some knowledge of classical art andarchitecture.54.Why did many Grand Tourists visit the privatecollections?A)They could buy unique souvenirs there to take backhome.B)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19thcentury.C)They found the antiques there morevaluable.D)Private collections were of greatervariety.55.How did the Grand Tour influence the architecture inEngland?A)There appeared more and more Roman-stylebuildings.B)Many aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.C)Aristocrats，country houses all had Roman-stylegardens.D) Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.PartIV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.唐朝始于618 年，终于907 年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。
六级英语真题2017年6月(第一套)试卷及答案详解
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) Marketing strategies.
B) Holiday shopping.
C) Shopping malls.
D) Online stores.
10. A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.
B) About 20 - 30% of holiday shoppers.
C) About 136 million.
D) About 183. 8 million.
11. A) They have fewer customers.
B) They find it hard to survive.
C) They are thriving once more.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) It is accessible only to the talented.
B) It improves students'ability to think. C) It starts a lifelong learning process. D) It gives birth to many eminent scholars.
B) They are better at sports than at academic work.
C) They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.
2017年6月大学英语六级真题和答案解析(全三套)
2017年6月大学英语六级真题及答案解析（全三套）长对话（卷一）W: Welcome to Work Place. And in today’s program, we’re looking at the results of two recently published surveys, which both deal with the same topic - happiness at work. John, tell us about the first survey.M: Well, this was done by a human resources consultancy, who interviewed more than 1,000 workers, and established a top ten of the factors, which make people happy at work. The most important factor for the majority of the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues. In fact, 73% of people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor contributing to happiness at work, which is a very high percentage. The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable. The two least important factors were having one's achievements recognized, and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary.W: So, we are not mainly motivated by money?M: Apparently not.W: Any other interesting information in the survey?M: Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as 'very happy' at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy.W: That’s quite a lot of unha ppy people at work every day.M: It is, isn’t it? And there were several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey. First of all, small is beautiful: people definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women were happier in their work than men.W: Yes, we are, aren’t we?M: And workers on part-time contracts, who only work 4 or 5 hours a day, are happier than those who work full-time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance.W: Are bosses happier than their employees?M: Yes, perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a company, the happierthey are. So senior managers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them.Q1: What is the No.1 factor that made employees happy according to the survey? Q2: What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?Q3: What kind of companies are popular with employees?Q4: What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier?答案：1.【B】2.【B】20%3.【A】those of a small size.4.【C】长对话2（卷一）W: Mr. De Keyzer, I'm a great lover of your book Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us how you first became interested in this subject matter?M: In 2006, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along the Belgian coastline. As there had been numerous alarming articles in the press about a climate catastrophe waiting to happen, I started looking at the sea and the beach very differently, a place where I spent so many perfect days as a child. This fear of a looming danger became the subject of a large-scale photo project.W: You wrote in the book: "I don’t want to photograph the disaster, I want to photograph the disaster waiting to happen.” Can you talk a bit about that?M: It is clear now that it is a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water. The same goes for numerous big cities around the world. My idea was to photograph this beautiful and very unique coastline, rich in history, before it’s too late—as a last witness.W: Can you talk a bit about how history plays a role in this project?M: Sure. The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when the next enemy would appear. In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold back the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one. For example, there is the image of the bridge into the sea taken at the Normandy D-Day landing site. Also, Venice, the cityeternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels.W: Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer. It was a pleasure to have you with us today.Q5. What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?Q6. When did the man get his idea for the work?Q7. What will happen when the climate catastrophe occurs?Q8. What does the man say about Venice?答案：5.【D】6.【C】7.【A】8.【D】Section BPassage 1When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about to begin her first jury trial. She was very nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make on the jury. She replied:” I don’t want to look too inexperienced, I don’t want them to suspect this is my first trial.” This law yer had fallen victims to the don’ts syndrome—a form of negative goals setting. The don’ts can be self-fulfilling because your mind response to pictures.Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nerve system the same way as actually doing something. That means when a golfer tells himself: ”Don’t hit the ball into the water.” His mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water. So guess where the ball will go?Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen. I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial. And this time she said: ”I want to look professional and self-assured. ” I told her to create a picture of what self-assured would look like. To her, it meant moving confidently around the court room, using convincing body language and projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge’s bench to the back door. She also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. A few weeks after this positive stress rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.Q9: what do some people do when they face a new situation?Q10: what does the research conducted at Stanford University show?Q11: what advice does the speaker give to people in a stressful situation?Q12: what do we learn about the lawyer in the court?答案：9.【C】10.【D】11.【C】12.【B】Passage 2Most Americans don’t eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains, researchers now says adding fiber to teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Kristi King.a diet specialist at Texas Children's Hospital finds it's hard to get teenager patients’attention about healthy eating but telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age. That's a powerful message.The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescence had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk is in developing breast cancer in later life.The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High-fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That's why women are told to eat 25 grams a fiber a day - men even more.Q13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?Q14. What do we learn about the survey of the 44,000 women?Q15. What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?答案：13.【C】14.【D】15.【A】讲座1（卷一）Well my current research is really about consumer behavior. So recently I've looked at young people's drinking and it's obviously a major concern to Government at the moment.I've also looked at how older people are represented in the media; again, it's of major current interest with older people becoming a much larger proportion of UK and indeed world society.I'm also interested in how consumers operate online, and how that online behavior might be different from how they operate offline when they go to the shops.Well, I think that the important thing here is to actually understand what's happening from the consumer's perspective. One of the things that businesses and indeed Government organizations often fail to do is to really see what is happening from the consumer's perspective.For example, in the case of young people's drinking, one of the things that I've identified is that drinking for people say between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity.A lot of the Government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social activity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the things that we've tried to present there.The key thing about consumer behavior is that it's very much about how consumers change. Markets always change faster than marketing; so we have to look at what consumers are doing.Currently I teach consumer behavior to undergraduates in their second year and we look at all kinds of things in consumer behavior and particularly how consumers are presented in advertising.So they get involved by looking at advertising and really critically assessing the consumer behavior aspects of it and getting involved sometimes doing primary research.For example, last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing and analyzed it in detail from shopping to the relationship that they have with their retail banks and their mobile phone providers. I think they found it veryuseful and it also helped them identify just what kind of budgets they had too.The fact of the matter is that there's a whole range of interesting research out there and I think as the years go on, there's going to be much more for us to consider and certainly much more for students to become involved in.16. What is the speaker currently doing?17. What has the speaker found about young people's drinking?18. What does the speaker say that his students did last year?答案：16.【B】17.【D】18.【A】讲座2Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money, but it may soon do away with physical currencies.Banks can save a lot of money and avoid regulatory headaches by moving to a cash-free system, and they can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirty money.Claer Barrett, the editor of Financial Times Money, says the Western world is headed toward a world without physical currency."Andy Holder — the chief eco|nomist at The Bank of England — suggested that the UK move towards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society really make good economic sense?"The fact that cash is being drawn out of society, is less a feature of our everyday lives, and the ease of electronic payments — is this actually making us spend more money without realizing it?"Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago.She decided that she was going to try to just use cash for two weeks to make all of her essential purchases and see what that would do to her spending. She found she did spend a lot less money because it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need — she was forever drawing money out of cash points. Months later, she was still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags.During the experiment, Barrett took a train ride. On the way, there was an announcement that the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards. The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling without cash."It underlines just how much things have changed in the last generation," Barrett says. "My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes — they'd get paid and they'd immediately separate the cash into piles and put them in envelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week. It was a very effective way for them to keep track of their spending. Nowadays, we're all on credit cards, we're doing online purchases, and money is kind of becoming a less physical and more imaginary type of thing that we can't get our hands around."Q19. What do we learn about Sweden?Q20. What did Claer Barrett want to find out with her experiment?Q21. What did Claer Barrett find on her train ride?Q22. How did people of the last generation budget their spending?答案：19.【D】20.【C】21.【C】22.【A】讲座3Passage 3Why should you consider taking a course in demography in college? You’ll be growing up in a generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying. You will face the problems in the aging of the population that have never been faced before. You will hear more and more about migration between countries and between rural areas and cities. You need to understand as a citizen and as a tax payer and as a voter what’s really behind the argu ments.I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population. So let’s start with a few problems. Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry, they are hungry all day, and they go to sleep hungry. A billion people are living in slums, not the same billion people, but there is some overlap. Living in slums means they don’t have infrastructure to take the garbage away, they don’t have secure water supplies to drink.Nearly a billion people are illiterate. Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can’t read the labels on the bottles in the supermarket, if you can get to a supermarket. Two-thirds of those people who are illiterate are women and about 200 to 215 million women don’t have access to birth control they want, so that they can control their own fertility. This is not only a problem in developing countries. About half of all pregnancies globally are unintended. So those are examples of population problems.Demography gives you the tools to understand and to address these problems. It’s not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses like influenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide you with meat. Demography also includes the study of non-living objects like light bulbs and taxi cabs, and buildings because these are also populations. It studies these populations, in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.I see demography as a central subject related to economics. It is the means to intervene more wisely, and more effectively in the real world, to improve the wellbeing, not only of yourself – important as that may be – but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet.Questions 23-25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. What is one of the problems the speaker mentions in his talk?24. What does the speaker say about pregnancies?25. How does the speaker view the study of populations?答案：23.【B】24.【B】25.【A】选词填空（卷一）Section ALet’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can’t seem to keep their inner monologues (独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain 26 better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the actof using verbal clues to 27 mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty 28 and asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were 29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips 30 . Those who talked to themselves f ound the banana slightly faster than those who didn’t, the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that 31 the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you’ve 32 matured is not a great sign of 33 . The two professors hope to refute that idea, 34 that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any 35 , there’s still such a thing as as too much information.答案：26.【F】27.【L】trigger28.【O】volunteers29.【H】instructed30.【J】sealed31.【M】uttering32.【A】apparently33.【C】brilliance34.【D】claiming35.【N】volume选词填空（卷二）26.【L】27.【F】justify28.【E】drastically29.【D】doubtful30.【H】outcome31.【O】standardized32.【B】 confirm33.【K】reputation34.【C】demanding35.【A】 accurately仔细阅读（卷一）仔细阅读题146.【A】It's backed by a campus spending analysis.47.【B】Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.48.【C】render a number of campus workers jobless49.【A】The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.50.【D】He opposed the governor’s plan to reconstruct the college board system.51.【B】It was unaffordable for ordinary people.52.【C】They were versed in literature and interested in art.53.【D】They gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.54.【B】Europe hardly had any museums before the 19th century.55.【A】There appeared more and more Roman作文真题：试卷一【国内还是国外读大学】Directions:Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend college at home or abroad, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.范文：In recent years, an increasing number of students choose to attend college abroad, while some, financially challenging or not, still regard going to school at home as their first choice. It is obvious that this phenomenon has been the concern of many people. From my perspective of view, to study abroad has both benefits and drawbacks.There is no doubt that students are benefiting tremendously from attending college abroad. Those who study at a world famous university can not only broaden their horizons but also gain better job opportunities. As exposed to foreign cultures and customs, overseas students can immerse themselves in the nation’s language. As to studying abroad, certainly, some drawbacks does exist. First, living away from home can be challenging and even frustrating to some extent. Moreover, the language barrier may cause difficulties for students whose languageskill is not good enough. In addition, some students even experience culture shock in the alien environment as a result of unfamiliarity and maladjustment.All in all, in order to achieve a colorful as well as meaningful experience in your life, students having the idea of studying abroad must be well prepared for all the possibilities they may encounter before making final decisions.英语六级作文答案：试卷二【文科还是理科】Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in humanities or science, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.范文1：学理科Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to the best choice in selecting the major. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that it is a better choice to acquire knowledge in science, but others consider it better to dig into the humanities.I totally agree with the former choice for the reasons presented below. Above all, it is good for the whole society because if more peoplein this society can choose to acquire scientific knowledge,it is more likely that the society will become better and better. Also, it is good for the person himself/herself. For example, it can help him/her become a person of practice rather than a person of words, which will make him/her a more useful person.From my perspective, it is crucial that modern education should encourage people tobe practitioners rather than pedants. Also it is crucial that people should understand the meaning and value of scientific knowledge. Only in this way can we achieve greater success.范文2：学文科Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to the best choice in selecting the major. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that it is a better choice to dig into the humanities, but others consider it better to acquire knowledge in science.I totally agree with the former choice for the reasons presented below. Above all, it is good for the whole society because if more peoplein this society can choose to dig into the humanities,it is more likely that the society will become better and better. Also, it is good for the person himself/herself. For example,it can make him/her more humanism rather than more scientism, which will make him/her a wiserperson.From my perspective, it is crucial that modern education should encourage people to be wise meditators rather than mad scientists. Also it is crucial that people should understand the meaning and value of humanities. Only in this way can we achieve greater success.作文（三）职业学校还是大学？Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Modern society has made job hunting more difficult than ever for college students, and many data have continually testified this tendency. Therefore, the question of whether to attend a vocational college or a university has become a sore spot for millions of high school graduates. From my perspective, the latter choice would definitely make more sense.Firstly, university education would play a more important role in preparing students for different future choices as many students cannot decide what they would like to do before finishing their four-year study. Moreover, with more majors, subjects, and courses to select from at universities, students would easily find their favorite subjects and their advantages. Even though a vocational college could help students find a job, it may hide some talent of a student by limiting his career choices and reducing the time for academic study.To summarize, students are highly recommended to choose university for further study in that it offers more knowledge and skills for various future choices and allows the time to discover one’s true talents.翻译真题：唐朝唐朝始于618年.终于907年.是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析（全三套）
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析（全三套）2017年 6 月英语六级真题及答案（三套全）2017年6月英语六级真题作文一：国内国外上大学Directions: S uppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend college athome or abroad, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least150 words but no more than 200 words.参考答案Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to a better choice betweenattending college at home and abroad. Views on the topic vary greatly among peoplefrom different walks of life. Some believe that it is a better choice to study indomestic colleges, but others consider it better to study abroad. I totally agree with thelatter idea for the reasons presented below. To begin with, it harms the society in thatthe greater the competition is, the higher the recruitment requirements will become.Therefore, with experiences of studying abroad, graduates will become morecompetitive in job hunting. Furthermore, it is beneficial to the students themselves tostudy abroad. Without the choice to pursue overseas study, many great scholars todaywould never have achieved such great success. From myperspective, it is crucial thatthe government should encourage people to pursue overseas study. Also it is crucialthat people should understand the meaning and value of attending college abroad.Only in this way can we achieve greater success.作文二：文科还是理科Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major inhumanities or science, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to writeat least 150 words but no more than 200 words.参考范文：Living in a world which is full of changes and challenges,we are confronted withnew problems every single day. Of all the issues, one might concern the high schoolgraduates the most, and it is if there are two options: to major in science or humanities.As for me, I prefer the latter.Why,you may wonder, should I prefer to major in humanities. The reasonsresponsible for it can be listed as follows .Among the most important reasons cited by people is that to major in humanities，directly or indirectly，can not only enrich our basic knowledge about the diversified，which is of great importance inculture but also sharpen one’s insight in daily routineon e’s growth.ty and a What’s more, to study humanities can give us an independent personalideeper vision towards the world, if it were not for those two attributes, how could weachieve great goals in this dog-eat-dog world.Above all, in such a society where emphasis，more often than not，is laid on thedepth of one’s thought, to choose humanities as one’s major, must be the best way .To major humanities, so at least it seems to me, is preferable forcollege students, if they had the chance, in the process of which we will develop an innovative thought mode.As a proverb goes ,there is no difficulty that an innovative thought mode can not solve, no door that an innovative thought mode can not open, no mountain that an innovative thought mode can not surmount.作文三：选择综合类大学还是职业题目：Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.参考范文：With the flourish of education industry, modern students are faced with m ore alternatives to continue their further education. Both attending a vocational college ora university serves as two main options for the high school graduates. In terms ofwhich to choose and what to be taken into consideration, Ishall advise as follows: Primarily, self-orientation matters the most when it comes to a issue like this. Obviously, the main task of vocational college is cultivating human resource with practical capability. Instead, university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different areas. Therefore, being aware of your self-expectation with a clear future blueprint lays a foundation for this important decision.Apart from what has been mentioned above, personal interest also plays a keyrole in it. For both passion and motivation are derived from interest, which not only decide how far you can reach academically and professionally but also how happyand fulfilled you will be .To sum up, a clear recognition of self orientation and personal interest willdecide whether you will tick the box of vocational college or university. Only in thisway can we get the most out of the further education.六级听力解析：Long conversation 1Q1: B Having friendly colleagues解析：原文中前半部分男士说到：“The most important factor for the majority of对于大部分接the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues.”受采访的人来说，最重要的因素是拥有友好的、互相支持的同事们。
2017年大学英语六级三套真题+答案解析
20仃年大学英语六级三套真题+ 答案解析Part I Writi ng (30 mi nu tes)2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to atte nd a vocati onal college or auniversity, write an essay to state youropinion.You are required to write at least 150words butno more tha n 200words.Part n Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear two long con versati ons. At the end of each con versation, you will hear four questi ons. Both thecon versati on and the questi ons will be spoken only on ce. After you hear a questi on, you mustchoose the best an swer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 1 with asin gle line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you havejust heard.1. A) He would feel in sulted.B) He would feel verysad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappoin ted.2. A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of littlevalue.They make good readi ng. D) They n eedC)improveme nt.3. A) He seldom writes a book straight through.b) He writes several books simulta neously.c) He draws on his real-life experie nces.d) He often turns to his wife for help.4. A) Writing a book is just like watching a footballmatch.b) Writers actually work every bit as hard asfootballers.c) He likes watchi ng a football match after finishi ng a book.d) Un like a football match, there is no end towriting a book.Questi ons 5 to 8 are based on the con versati on you have just heard.5. A) Achieveme nts of black male athletes in college.b) Finan cial assista nee to black athletes incollege.c) High college dropout rates among black athletes.d) Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6. A) They display great tale nt in every kind of game.b) They are better at sports tha n at academic work.c) They have difficulty finding money to completetheir studies.They make money for the college but often fail D)to earn a degree.7. A) About 15%. B) Arou nd 40%.Slightly over 50%. D) ApproximatelyC)70%.8. A) Coaches lack the incen tive to graduate them.b) College degrees do not count much to them.c) They have little in terest in academic work.d) Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Secti on BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passageand the questions will be spoke n only on ce. After you hear a questi on, you must choose the best an swer from the four choices markedA),B) , C) and D).The n mark the corresp onding letter on An swerSheet 1 with a sin gle line through the centre.Questi ons 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Marketi ng strategies. B) Holiday shopp ing.C) Shopp ing malls. D) On li ne stores.10. A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.B) About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.C) About 136 millio n.d) About 183.8 millio n.11. A) They have fewer customers.b) They find it hard to survive.c) They are thriv ing once more.d) They appeal to elderly customers.12. A) Better quality of con sumer goods.b) Higher employme nt and wages.c) Greater varieties of commodities.d) People hav ing more leisure time.Questi ons 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A) They are new species of big in sects.b) They are overprescribed an tibiotics.c) They are life-threate ning diseases.d) They are an tibiotic-resista nt bacteria.14. A) Antibiotics are now in short supply.b) Many in fecti ons are no Ion ger curable.c) Large amo unts of tax money are wasted.d) Routine operations have become complex.15. A) Facilities.b) Expertise.c) Mo ney.d) Publicity.Sectio n CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordi ngs of lectures or talks followed bythree or four questi ons. The recordi ngs willbe played only on ce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best an swer from thefour choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then markthe corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 1with a sin gle line through the cen tre. Questi ons 16 to 18 are based on the record ing you have just heard.16. A) It is accessible only to the tale nted.b) It improves stude nts 'abilttyrlk.to C)It starts a lifelong learning process. D)It gives birth to many eminent scholars. 17. A) They en courage academic democracy.B )They promote globalizati on.c) They uphold the preside nts auth 'rity.d) They protect stude nts rights.18.A) His thirst forkno wledge.B) His eager ness find a job.C) His con tempt for authority. D) His pote ntial for leadership.Questi ons 19 to 22 are based on the record ing you have just heard.19. A) Few people know how to retrieve in formati on properly.b) People can enhance their memory with a fewtricks.c) Most people have a rather poor Ion g-term memory.d)People tend to un derestimate their mentalpowers. 20. A) They present the states in a surprisinglydiffere nt order.b) They in clude more or less the same nu mber ofstates.c) They are exactly the same as is show n in theatlas.d) They con ta in n ames of the most familiar states.21. A) Focus ing on what is likely to be tested.Hav ing a good sleep the ni ght before.B)c) Review ing your less ons where the exam is to takeplace.d) Making sen sible decisi ons while choos ing youran swers.22. A) Discover whe n you can lear n best.B) Change your time of study daily.Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.B)D) Follow the example of a marath on runner. Questi ons 23 to 25 are based on the record ing you have just heard.23. A) He is a politicia n. B) He is a bus in essma n.He is a sociologist. D) He is an econ omist.C)24. A) In slums.b) In Africa.c) In pre-industrial societies.d) In developing countries.25. A) They have no access to health care, let alone(40 mi nutes) en terta inment or recreati on.b) Their in come is less tha n 50% of the n ati onal average family in come.c) They work extra hours to have their basic n eeds met.d) Their childre n cannot afford to go to private schools.Part III Readi ng Comprehe nsion Sectio n ADirections: In this section, there is a passage withten bla nks. You are required to select one word for each bla nk from a list of choices give n in a word bank follow ing the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on An swer Sheet 2 with a sin gle linethrough the cen tre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more tha n on ce.Questi ons 26 to 35 are based on the follow ing passage.Let's all stop judging people who talk tothemselves.New research says that those who can't seem to keeptheir inner monologues（独白）in are actually more likely to stay on task, rema in __ 26 better and show improved percepti on capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra mutteri ng.According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Jour nal of Experime ntal Psychology by professors Gary Lupya n and Daniel Swig nl ey, the act of using verbal clues to _27_ mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experime nt, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty _ 28 __ and asked them to findjust one of those, a banana. Half were 29_ to repeat out loud what they were look ing for and theother half kept their lips 30 . Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn 't, the researchers say. In other experime nts, Lupya n and Swig nley found that 31 the n ame of a comm on product whe n on the hunt for ithelped quicke n some one 's pace, but talk ing about un comm on items showed no adva ntage and slowed you dow n.Comm on research has long held that talk ing themselves through a task helps childre n lear n, although doing so when you ___ 32ve matured isnot a great sig n of ___ 33 . The two professors hope to refute that idea, 一34一that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using Ian guage not just to comm uni cate, but also to help “ augme nt thinking ”.Of course, you are still en couraged to keep the talk ing at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the in formatio n you share simple, like a grocery list. At any 35 ., there 's still such a thing as too much in formatio n.dSecti on BDirections: In this section, you are going to reada passage with ten stateme nts attached to it.Each stateme nt contains in formati on give nin one of the paragraphs. Ide ntify theparagraph from which the information isderived. Youmay choose a paragraph more tha n on ce.Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. An swer thequesti ons by marking the corresp ondingletter on An swer Sheet 2.Rich Childre n and Poor Ones Are RaisedVery Differe ntly[A] The lives of children from rich and poor America n families look more differe nt tha n ever before.[B] Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with childre n en rolled in ballet, soccer and after-school programs, accordi ng to a new Pew Research Centersurvey. There are usually two pare nts, who spe nd alo ts c c s -te e ^ve oeial, said Sea n Reard on, of time readi ng to childre n and worryi ng about their an xiety levels and hectic schedules.q In poor families, meanwhile, children tend tospend their time at home or with extended family. They are more likely to grow up in n eighborhoods that their parents say aren 't great for raisingchildre n, and their pare nts worry about them gett ing shot, beate n up or in trouble with the law.□ The class differe nces in child reari ng are grow ing — a symptom of wide ning in equality with far-reachi ng con seque nces. Differe nt upbri ngings set childre n on differe nt paths and can deepe n socioec ono mic divisi ons,especially because educati on is stron gly lin ked to earnin gs. Childre n grow up lear ning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum （阶层）,but not necessarily others. ［曰 “ Earlychildhppd experienee consequentia 「fbr chilaren emotionaland cog nitive developme nt,professor of poverty and in equality in educati on atStanford Un iversity. “ And because those in flue nee educati onal success and later earnin gs, early childhood experie nces cast a lifelo ng shadow.cycle con ti nu es: Poorer pare nts have less time and fewer resources to in vest in their childre n, which can leavechildre n less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower earnin gs.旧American parents want similar things for their childre n, the Pew report and past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, hon est and ethical, cari ng and compassi on ate. There is no best pare nting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across in come groups, 92% of pare nts say they are doing a good job at rais ing their childre n. Yet they are doing it quite differe ntly. Middle-class and higher- i ncome pare nts see their childre n as projects in n eed of careful cultivati on, says Ann ette Lareau, whose groun dbreak ing research on the topic was published in her book Un equal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to develop their skills through close supervisi on and orga ni zed activities, and teach children to question authority figures and n avigate elite in stituti ons.回Work in g-class pare nts, mea nwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater in depe ndence and time for free play. They are taught to be complia nt and respectful to adults. There are ben efits to both approaches. Work in g-classsome childre n are happier, more in depe ndent, compla in less and are closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher- in come childre n are more likely to declare boredom and expect their pare nts to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more afflue nt childre n end up in college and on the way to the middle class, while work in g-class childre n tendto struggle. Childre n from higher- in come families are likely to have the skills to n avigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.[H] “ Do all parents want the most success fortheir children? Absolutely, ” she said. “ Do ; strategies give childre n more adva ntages tha n others in institutions? Probably they do. Willpare nts be damagi ng childre n if they have one fewer orga ni zed activity? No, I really doubt it. ”[I] Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-i ncome pare nts have less money to spe nd on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take childre n to museums or atte nd school events.Extracurricular activities reflect the differe nces in child reari ng in the Pew survey, which was of a n ati on allyreprese ntative sample of 1,807 pare nts. Of families earning more tha n $75,000 a year, 84% say their childre n have participated in orga ni zed sports over the past year, 64% have done volun teer work and 62% have take n less ons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less tha n $30,000, 59% of childre n have done sports, 37% have volun teered and 41% have take n arts classes.J] Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of high-ear ning, college-graduate pare nts enrolled their childre n in arts classes before they were 5,compared with on e-fifth of low-i ncome,less- educated pare nts. Non etheless, 20% of well-offparents say their children 's schedules are too hectic,compared with 8% of poorer pare nts.[0 Ano ther example is readi ng aloud, which studies have show n gives childre n bigger vocabularies and better readi ng comprehe nsion in school. 71% of pare nts with a college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White pare nts are more likely tha n others to read to their childre n daily, as are married pare nts. Most afflue nt pare nts en roll their childre n in preschool or day care, while low-i ncome pare nts are more likely to depe nd on family members. Discipli ne tech niq ues vary by educati on level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they ofte n beat their childre n, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.[L] The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents 'attitudes toward education do notseem to reflect their own educati onal backgro und as muchas a belief in the importa nee of educati on for upwardmobility. Most America n pare nts say theyare not concerned about their children 's grades along as they work hard. But 50% of poor pare nts say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier pare nts.[M] Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Lati no pare nts are more likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much in volveme nt in a child 'cfeucati on. Pare nts who are white, wealthy or college- educated say too much in volveme nt can be bad. Pare ntal an xieties reflect theircircumsta nces.High- earning pare nts are much more likely to say they live in a good n eighborhood for rais ing childre n.While bullyi ng is pare nts 'greatest concern over all, n early half of low-i ncome pare nts worry their child will get shot, compared with on e-fifth of high-in come pare nts. They are more worried about their childre n being depressed or an xious.N In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $30,000 and $75,000 a year fell right betwee n work in g-class and high-ear ning pare nts on issues like the quality of their n eighborhood for raisi ng childre n, participati on in extracurricular activities and involvement in their children s educati on.[O] Children were not always raised so differently.The achieveme nt gap betwee n childre n from high- and low-i ncome families is 30-40% larger among childre n born in 2001 tha n those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr. Reardon 's research. People used to live n ear people of differe nt in come levels; n eighborhoods are now more segregated by in come. More than a quarter of childre n live in sin gle-pare nt households —a historic high, accordi ng to Pew 一and these childre n are three times as likely to live in poverty as those who live with married pare nts.Mea nwhile, grow ing in come in equality has coin cided withthe in creas ing importa nee of a college degree for earninga middle-class wage.[P] Yet there are recent sig ns that the gap could be start ing to shri nk. In the past decade, eve n as in come inequality has grow n, some of the socioec on omic differe ncesin pare nti ng, like readi ng to childre n and going tolibraries, have n arrowed.Q Public policies aimed at young children have helped, includi ng public preschool programs and readi ng in itiatives.Address ing differe nces in the earliest years, it seems,could reduce in equality in the n ext gen erati on.36. Worki ng-class pare nts teach their childre n to be obedie nt and show respect to adults.37. America n pare nts, whether rich or poor, have similar expectati ons of their childre ndespite differe nt ways of pare nti ng.38. While rich pare nts are more concerned with their childre n "psychological well-be ing, poor pare nts are more worried about their childre n safety.39. The increasing differences in child rearing betwee nrich and poor families reflect grow ing social in equality.40. Pare nting approaches of work in g-class and afflue ntfamilies both have adva ntages.41. Higher- in come families and work in g-class familiesnow tend to live in differentn eighborhoods.ch Sectio nCD42. Physical puni shme nt is used much less by well-educated pare nts.43.Ms. Lareau doesn 'believe participating in fewer after-class activities will n egatively affect ildre n 'evelopme nt.44. Wealthy pare nts are concerned about their children 's mental health and bu s yhedules.45. Some socioec ono mic differe nces in child reari ng haveshr unk in the past ten years. irecti ons: There are 2 passages in this secti on. Eachpassage is followed by some questi ons or unfini shed stateme nts. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2 with a sin gle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. Tennessee 's technical and community colleges will not outsource （外包）management of their facilities to prvate compa ny, a decisi on one leader said was bolstered by an an alysis of spe nding at each campus.In an email sent Mon day to college preside nts in the Tenn essee Board of Rege nts system, outgo ingMorga n wrote to the ryChan cellor Joh n Morga n said an in ternal an alysis showed that each campus 'spe nding on facilitiesman ageme nt fell well below the in dustry sta ndards iden tified by the state. Morga n said those findings —— which in cluded data from the system 's 13 comm unit colleges, 27 tech ni cal colleges and six uni versities — were part of the decisi on not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam 's proposal to privatize man ageme nt of state buildi ngs in an effort to save mon ey.“ While these n umbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustme nts they might suggest will be immaterial, ” preside nts. “ System in stituti ons are operat ing vei efficie ntly based on this an alysis, rais ing the questi on of the value of pursu ing a broad scale outsourc ing in itiative.Worker 's advocates have criticized Haslam say ing it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or ben efits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souri ng pla n, which has not bee n fin alized. Morga n no tified the Haslam admi nistrati on of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That“ busi nletter, which in eludes several concerns Morga n has with the pla n, was origi nally obta ined by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state 's Office of Customer Focused Gover nment, which is exami ning the possibility of outsourc ing, spokeswoma n Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Rege nts. Data on man ageme nt expe nses at the college system and in other state departme nts will be part of a justificati on ” the state will use asaoffiteliberate the specifics of an outsourc ing pla n.“ The state 's facilities management project team is still in the process of develop ing its bus in ess justificati on and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February, Marti n said. “ At this time there is no thi ng to takeacti on on since the an alysis has yet to be completed. Morgan 's comments on outsourcing mark the sec ond time this month that he has come out aga inst one of Haslam 's plans for higher education in Tenn essee. Morga n said last week that he would retire at the end of January because ofthe gover nor proposal to split off six uni versities of the Board ofRege nts system and create separate gover ning boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “ unworkable ”.46. What do we lear n about the decisi on of tech ni cal and comm un ity colleges in Tenn essee?A) C)47.48.49. It is backed by a campus spe nding an alysis.B) It has been flatly rejected by the governor.It has n eglected their faculty 's dema nds. D )It will improve their finan cial situati on.What does the campus spe nding an alysis reveal?a) Private companies play a big role in campus man ageme nt.b) Facilities management by colleges is morecost-effective.c) Facilities man ageme nt has greatly improved in rece nt years.d) Colleges exercise foil con trol over their own finan cial affairs.Workers 'supporters argue that Bill Haslam's proposal would ___________________________a) deprive colleges of the right to man age their facilitiesb) make workers less motivated in performing dutiesc) ren der a nu mber of campus workers joblessd) lead to the privatization of campus facilitiesWhat do we learn from the state spokeswoman 's resp onse to Joh n Morga n'S ecisi on?A)The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.'s pla n to recon struct B)The outsourc ing pla n will be impleme nted. C) The state officials are con fide nt about theoutsourc ing pla n.D ) The college spe nding an alysis justifies the outsourc ing pla n.50. Why did Joh n Morga n decide to resig n?a) He had lost con fide nee in the Tenn essee state gover nment.B )He disagreed with the governor on higher educati on policies.o He thought the state 'outsourcing proposal was simply un workable.D) He opposed the governor thecollege board system.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Begi nning in the late sixtee nth cen tury, it became fashi on able for young aristocrats to visit Paris, Veni ce, Flore nee, and above all, Rome, as the culm in ati on (终极)of their classical educati on. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which in troduced En glishme n, Germa ns, Sca ndin avia ns, and also America ns to the art and culture of France and Italy for the n ext 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the period, possible only fora privileged class —the same that produced gen tleme n scie ntists, authors, an tique experts, and patr ons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann Win ckelma nn pion eered the field of art history with his comprehe nsive study of Greek and Roma n sculpture; he was portrayed by his frie nd Anton Raphael Mengs at the begi nning of his long reside nee in Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly inten ti ons, accompa nied by a teacher or guardia n, and expected to return home with souve nirs of their travels as well as an un dersta nding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.London was a freque nt start ing point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherla nds, some to Switzerla nd and Germa ny, and a very few adve nturers to Spa in, Greece, or Turkey. The esse ntial place to visit, however, was Italy. The British travelerCharles Thomps onspoke for many Grand Tourists whe n in 1744 he described himself as “ being impatie ntly desirous of view ing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at prese nt the greatest school of music and pain ti ng, contains the n oblest producti ons of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cab in ets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relicsWithin Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose an cie nt ruins and more rece nt achieveme nts were shown to every Grand Tourist. Panini 's Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represe nt the sights most prized, i ncludi ng celebrated Greco-Roma n statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches.Si nee there were few museums any where in Europe before the close of the eightee nth cen tury, Grand Tourists ofte n saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admissi on to private collecti ons, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roma n and Italia n art for their own collecti ons. In En gla nd, where architecture was in creas in gly see n as an aristocratic pursuit, no bleme n ofte n applied whatthey lear ned from the villas of Palladio in the Ven eto and the evocative（唤起回忆的）ruins of Rometo their own country houses and garde ns.51. What is said about the Grand Tour?It was fashi on able among young people of the time.A)b) It was unaffordable for ordinary people.o It produced some famous European artists.It made a compulsory part of college education.D)52. What did Grand Tourists have in comm on?a) They had much geographic knowledge.b) They were courageous and ven turesome.c) They were versed in literature and interested in art.d) They had eno ugh travel and outdoor-life experie nee.53. How did Grand Tourists ben efit from their travel?a) They found inspiration in the world 'greatestmasterpieces.b) They got a better un dersta nding of early huma ncivilizati on.o They developed an interest in the origin of modem art forms.They gained some kno wledge of classical art anD)architecture.54. Why did many Grand Tourists visit the privatecollecti ons?They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.A)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19thB)cen tury.C )They found the an tiques there more valuable. D )Private collections were of greater variety. 55. How did the Grand Tour in flue nee the architecture in En gla nd?A )There appeared more and more Roman-style buildi ngs. B) Many aristocrats began to move into Roma n-style villas.C) Aristocrats , countryhouses all had Roma n-style garde ns.D) I talia n architects were hired to desig n houses and garde ns.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to tran slate a passage from Chin ese intoEn glish. You should write your an swer on Answer Sheet 2.唐朝始于618年，终于907年，是中国历史上最 灿烂的时期。
六级真题（听力原文）2017年6月第一套
2017年6月六级真题（第1套）听力原文2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）听力原文Section AConversation OneW: Welcome to Workplace. And in today’s program, we’re looking at the results of two recently published surveys, which both deal with the same topic—happiness at work. John, tell us about the first survey.M: Well, this was done by a human resources consultancy, who interviewed more than 1,000 workers, and established a top ten of the factors, which make people happy at work. [1] The most important factor for the majority of the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues. In fact, 73% of people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor contributing to happiness at work, which is a very high percentage. The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable. The two least important factors were having one’s achievements recognized, and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary.W: So, we are not mainly motivated by money?M: Apparently not.W: Any other interesting information in the survey?M:[2] Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as “very happy”at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy.W: That’s quite a lot of unhappy people at work every day.M: It is, isn’t it? And there were several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey. First of all, small is beautiful: [3] people definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women were happier in their work than men.W: Yes, we are, aren’t we?M: [4] And workers on part-time contracts, who only work 4 or 5 hours a day, are happier than those who work full-time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance.W: Are bosses happier than their employees?M: Yes, perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a company, the happier they are. So senior managers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. What is the No. 1 factor that made employees happy according to the survey?2. What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?3. What kind of companies are popular with employees?4. What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier? Conversation TwoW: Mr. De Keyzer, I’m a great lover of your book Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us how you first became interested in this subject matter?M: [5/6-1] In 2006, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to takesome pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along the Belgian coastline. [6-2] As there had been numerous alarming articles in the press about a climate catastrophe waiting to happen, I started looking at the sea and the beach very differently, a place where I spent so many perfect days as a child. This fear of a looming danger became the subject of a large-scale photo project.W: [7-1] You wrote in the book:“I don’t want to photograph the disaster, I want to photograph the disaster waiting to happen.”Can you talk a bit about that?M: [7-2] It is clear now that it’s a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water. The same goes for numerous big cities around the world. My idea was to photograph this beautiful and very unique coastline, rich in history, before it’s too late—as a last witness.W: Can you talk a bit about how history plays a role in this project?M: Sure. The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when the next enemy would appear. In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold back the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy No. 1. For example, there is the image of the bridge into the sea taken at the Normandy D-Day landing site. [8] Also, Venice, the city eternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels.W: Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer. It was a pleasure to have you with us today. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?6. When did the man get his idea for the work?7. What will happen when the climate catastrophe occurs?8. What does the man say about Venice?Section BPassage One[9] When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about to begin her first jury trial. She was very nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make on the jury. She replied:“I don’t want to look too inexperienced. I don’t want them to suspect this is my first trial.”This lawyer had fallen victims to the don’ts syndrome—a form of negative goals setting. The don’ts can be self-fulfilling because your mind responses to pictures.[10] Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nerve system the same way as actually doing something. That means when a golfer tells himself:“Don’t hit the ball into the water.”His mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water. So guess where the ball will go?[11] Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen. I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial. And this time she said:“I want to look professional and self-assured.”I told her to create a picture of what self-assured would look like. To her, it meant moving confidently around the court room, using convincing body language andprojecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge’s bench to the back door. She also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. [12] A few weeks after this positive stress rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. What do some people do when they face a new situation?10. What does the research conducted at Stanford University show?11. What advice does the speaker give to people in a stressful situation?12. What do we learn about the lawyer in the court?Passage Two[13] Most Americans don’t eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains. Researcher now says adding fiber to the teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Kristi King，a diet specialist at Texas Children’s Hospital, finds it’s hard to get teenager patients’attention about healthy eating, but telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age. That’s a powerful message.[14] The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescence had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the womenwho ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk is in developing breast cancer in later life.[15] The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer.High-fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That’s why women are told to eat 25 grams a fiber a day—men even more. Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?14. What do we learn about the survey of the 44,000 women?15. What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?Section CRecording One[16] Well, my current research is really about consumer behaviour. So recently I’ve looked at young people’s drinking and it’s obviously a major concern to Government at the moment.I’ve also looked at how older people are represented in the media; again, it’s of major current interest with older people becoming a much larger proportion of UK and indeed world society.I’m also interested in how consumers operate online, and how that online behaviour might be different from how they operate offline when they go to the shops.Well, I think that the important thing here is to actually understand what’s happening from the consumers’perspective. One of the things that businesses and indeed Government organizations often fail to do is to really see what is happening from the consumers’perspective.[17] For example, in the case of young people’s drinking, one of the things that I’ve identified is that drinking for people, say between the ages of 18 and 24, is all about the social activity.A lot of the Government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social activity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the things that we’ve tried to present there.The key thing about consumer behaviour is that it’s very much about how consumers change. Markets always change faster than marketing, so we have to look at what consumers are doing.Currently I teach consumer behaviour to undergraduates in their second year and we look at all kinds of things in consumer behaviour and particularly how consumers are presented in advertising.So they get involved by looking at advertising, and really critically assessing the consumer behaviour aspects of it and getting involved sometimes doing primary research.[18] For example, last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing and analyzed it in detail from shopping to the relationship that they have with their retail banks and their mobile phone providers. I think they found it very useful and it also helped them identify just what kind of budgets they had too.The fact of the matter is that there’s a whole range of interesting research out there and I think as the years go on, there’s going to be much more for us to consider and certainly much more for students to become involved in. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. What is the speaker currently doing?17. What has the speaker found about young people’s drinking?18. What does the speaker say that his students did last year?Recording Two[19] Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money, but it may soon do away with physical currencies.Banks can save a lot of money and avoid regulatory headaches by moving to a cash-free system, and they can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirty money.Claer Barrett, the editor of Financial Times Money, says the Western world is headed toward a world without physical currency.“Andy Holder—the chief economist at The Bank of England—suggested that the UK move towards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society really make good economic sense?”“The fact that cash is being drawn out of society, is less a feature of our everyday lives, and the ease of electronic payments—is this actually making us spend more money without realizing it?”[20] Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago.She decided that she was going to try to just use cash for two weeks to make all of her essential purchases and see what that would do to her spending. She found she did spend a lot less money because it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need—she was forever drawing money out of cash points. Months later, she was still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags.[21] During the experiment, Barrett took a train ride. On the way, there was an announcement that the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards. The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling without cash.“It underlines just how much things have changed in the last generation,”Barrett says. [22] “My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes—they’d get paid and they’d immediately separate the cashinto piles and put them in envelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week. It was a very effective way for them to keep track of their spending. Nowadays, we’re all on credit cards, we’re doing online purchases, and money is kind of becoming a less physical and more imaginary type of thing that we can’t get our hands around.”Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. What do we learn about Sweden?20. What did Claer Barrett want to find out with her experiment?21. What did Claer Barrett find on her train ride?22. How did people of the last generation budget their spending?Recording ThreeWhy should you consider taking a course in demography in college? You’ll be growing up in a generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying. You will face problems in the aging of the population that have never been faced before. You will hear more and more about migration between countries and between rural areas and cities. You need to understand as a citizen and as a tax payer and as a voter what’s really behind the arguments.I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population. So let’s start with a few problems. [23]Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry, they are hungry all day, and they go to sleep hungry. A billion people are living in slums, not the same billion people, butthere is some overlap. Living in slums means they don’t have infrastructure to take the garbage away, they don’t have secure water supplies to drink.Nearly a billion people are illiterate. Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can’t read the labels on the bottles in the supermarket, if you can get to a supermarket. Two-thirds of those people who are illiterate are women and about 200 to 215 million women don’t have access to birth control they want, so that they can control their own fertility. This is not only a problem in developing countries. [24] About half of all pregnancies globally are unintended. So those are examples of population problems.Demography gives you the tools to understand and to address these problems. It’s not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses like influenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide you with meat. Demography also includes the study of non-living objects like light bulbs and taxi cabs, and buildings because these are also populations. It studies these populations, in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.[25] I see demography as a central subject related to economics. It is the means to intervene more wisely, and more effectively in the real world, to improve the wellbeing, not only of yourself—important as that may be—but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. What is one of the problems the speaker mentions in his talk?24. What does the speaker say about pregnancies?25. How does the speaker view the study of populations?。
2017年大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及答案解析4
2017年大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及答案解析Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1. A) She wants to return the skirt her husband bought.B) She wants to buy another skirt.C) She wants to change the blue skirt for a yellow one.D) She wants to change the yellow skirt for a blue one.2. A) It’s too expensive.B) It isn’t needed.C) It should be built.D) A college would be better.3. A) Jack’s car was stolen.B) Jack sold his car.C) Jack bought a new car.D) Jack had a car accident.4. A) Some people pretend to know what they really don’t.B) What the woman said is true.C) What the woman said is wrong.D) He knows more than the woman does.5. A) The woman’s job is a librarian.B) Women’s rights in society.C) An important election.D) Career planning.6. A) She thinks it is easier said than done.B) She totally agrees with him.C) She feels that what he says is simply nonsense.D) She thinks that he is rather impolite person.7. A) To clean the yard.B) To weed the garden.C) To hire a gardener.D) To work in the flower beds.8. A) On the 6th of June.B) On the 8th of June.C) On the 9th of June.D) On the 19th of June.9. A) The man thinks the woman is wasting her time.B) The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time.C) The man is eager to know the woman’s answer.D) The man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry.10. A) To run into each other.B) To get bargains.C) To avoid the crowds.D) To join the crowds.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because of their love for hobbies and pastimes.B) Because of their enthusiasm for sports.C) Because of their fear of heart attacks.D) Because of their strong desire for good health.12. A) It was decreasing.B) It was increasing.C) It remained almost unchanged.D) It was going up slowly.13. A) Those who have heart attacks.B) Those who have the desire to be physically fit.C) Those who have spare time.D) Those who have inactive jobs.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) In the white pages.B) In the blue pages.C) In the yellow pages.D) In a special section.15. A) On the first page of the telephone book.B) At the end of the telephone book.C) In the front of the white pages.D) Right after the white pages.16. A) Check your number and call again.B) Tell the operator what has happened.C) Ask the operator to put you through.D) Ask the operator what has happened.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Its specialization in transporting small packages.B) The low cost of its service.C) Being the first airline to send urgent letters.D) Its modern sorting facilities.18. A) 10,000.B) 35.C) 130.D) 30.19. A) Because of its good airport facilities.B) Because of its location in the country.C) Because of its size.D) Because of its round-the-clock service.20. A) Its full-time staff.B) The postmen who work in Memphis.C) Students who work in their spare time.D) The staff members of the International Airport.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humour, at least in parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can’t win but at least you can keep your honour. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially parents, into doing things the ways you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.21. The author is primarily addressing ________.A) parents of teenagersB) newspaper readersC) those who give advice to teenagersD) teenagers22. The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A) the teenagers’ criticism of their parentsB) misunderstandings between teenagers and their parentsC) the dominance of the parents over their childrenD) the teenagers’ ability to deal with crises23. Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they ________.A) want to show their existence by creating a culture of their ownB) have a strong desire to be leaders in style and tasteC) have no other way to enjoy themselves betterD) want to irritate their parents24. Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they________.A) have already been accepted into the adult worldB) feel that they are superior in a small way to the adultsC) are not likely to win over the adultsD) have a desire to be independent25. To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be ________.A) obedientB) responsibleC) co-operativeD) independentQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food.Rationing (定量供应) is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is widespread uneasiness and confusion. Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay? Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at home? No one knows what to expect.The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests. North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain’s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation have seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion programme is not working very well. 26. Why is there “wide-spread uneasiness and confusion about the food situation inBritain?”A) The abundant food supply is not expected to last.B) Britain is importing less food.C) Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.D) Britain will cut back on its production of food.27. The main reason for the rise in food prices is that ________.A) people are buying less foodB) the government is providing less financial support for agricultureC) domestic food production has decreasedD) imported food is driving prices higher28. Why didn’t the government’s expansion programme work very well?A) Because the farmers were uncertain about the financial support the governmentguaranteed.B) Because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits of expanding production.C) Because the farmers were uncertain about whether foreign markets could befound for their produce.D) Because the older generation of farmers were strongly against the programmer.29. The decrease in world food price was a result of ________.A) a sharp fall in the purchasing power of the consumersB) a sharp fall in the cost of food productionC) the overproduction of food in the food-importing countriesD) the overproduction on the part of the main food-exporting countries30. What did the future look like for Britain’s food production at the time this articlewas written?A) The fall in world food prices would benefit British food producers.B) An expansion of food production was at hand.C) British food producers would receive more government financial support.D) It looks depressing despite government guarantees.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition unknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either have science or you don’t, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly useful bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illumination piece of news. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment (启蒙运动) to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can’t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can’t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.31. According to the author, really good science ________.A) would surprise the brightest minds of the 18th century EnlightenmentB) will produce results which cannot be foreseenC) will help people to make the right choice in advanceD) will bring about disturbing results32. It can be inferred from the passage that scientists of the 18th century ________.A) thought that they knew a great deal and could solve most problems of scienceB) were afraid of facing up to the realities of scientific researchC) knew that they were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureD) did more harm than good in promoting man’s understanding of nature33. Which of the following statements is NOT true of scientists in earlier times?A) They invented false theories to explain things they didn’t understand.B) They falsely claimed to know all about nature.C) They did not believe in results from scientific observation.D) They paid little attention to the problems they didn’t understand.34. What is the author’s attitude towards science?A) He is depressed because of the ignorance of scientists.B) He is doubtful because of the enormous difficulties confronting it.C) He is confident though he is aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it.D) He is delighted because of the illuminating scientific findings.35. The author believes that ________.A) man can find solutions to whatever questions concerning nature he can think upB) man can not solve all the problems he can think up because of the limits ofhuman intellectC) sooner or later man can think up all the questions concerning nature and answerthemD) questions concerning consciousness are outside the scope of scientific researchD Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Greenspace facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present, it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of greenspaces in the urban environment is a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of greenspace facilities.The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect.The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasantwalk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.36. According to the author, the importance of greenspaces in the urban environment________.A) is still unknownB) is usually neglectedC) is being closely studiedD) has been fully recognized37. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to________.A) the disproportion of recreation facilities in the neighbourhoodB) the location of recreation facilities far from homeC) relatively little attention for recreative possibilitiesD) the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighbourhood38. The author suggests that the recreative possibilities of green space should beprovided ________.A) in special areasB) in the suburbsC) in the neighbourhood of the houseD) in gardens and parks39. According to the author, greenspace facilities should be designed in such a way that________.A) more obligatory activities might take on a recreative aspectB) more and more people might have access to themC) an increasing number of recreative activities might be developedD) recreative activities might be brought into our homes40. The main idea of this passage is that ________.A) better use of greenspace facilities should be made so as to improve the quality ofour lifeB) attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilitiesC) the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did manyyears agoD) priority must be given to the development of obligatory activitiesPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. Tom ________ better than to ask Dick for help.A) shall knowB) shouldn’t knowC) has knownD) should have known42. The magician picked several persons ________ from the audience and asked themto help him with the performance.A) by accidentB) at randomC) on occasionD) on average43. Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions, ________ have beenmentioned in previous pages.A) a few of itB) a few of thatC) a few of themD) a few of which44. They’ll have you ________ if you don’t pay your taxes.A) to be arrestedB) arrestC) arrestedD) being arrested45. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone ________ me thatevening.A) had interruptedB) would have interruptedC) to have interruptedD) to interrupted46. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of ________standards.A) equivalentB) alikeC) uniformD) likely47. ________ for your help, we’d never have been able to get over the difficulties.A) Had it notB) If it were notC) Had it not beenD) If we had not been48. Some people either ________ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutralabout them.A) violentlyB) enthusiasticallyC) sincerely yoursD) deliberately49. There is no easy solution to Japan’s labour ________.A) declineB) vacancyC) rarityD) shortage50. I’m sure your suggestion will ________ the problem.A) contribute to solvingB) contribute to solveC) be contributed to solveD) be contributed to solving51. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning ________ traffic jam.A) in line withB) for the sake ofC) in case ofD) at the risk of52. Some areas, ________ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.A) due toC) but forD) with regard to53. The new washing machines are ________ at the rate of fifty a day.A) turned upB) turned downC) turned outD) turned in54. On turning the corner, we saw the road ________ steeply.A) departingB) descendingC) decreasingD) depressing55. The managing director took the ________ for the accident, although it was notreally his fault.A) guiltB) blameC) chargeD) accusation56. Once they had fame, fortune, secure futures; ________ is utter poverty.A) now that all is leftB) now all that is leftC) now all which is leftD) now all what is left57. The shop-assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of ________quality he’d tell them so.A) humbleB) inferiorC) minorD) awkward58. His tastes and habits ________ with those of his wife.A) combineC) coincideD) compromise59. The branches could hardly ________ the weight of the fruit.A) retainB) sustainC) maintainD) remain60. With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its ________.A) boundariesB) restraintsC) confinementsD) limitations61. Visitors are asked to ________ with the regulations.A) contrastB) consultC) complyD) conflict62. He ________ so much work that he couldn’t really do it efficiently.A) put onB) turned onC) brought onD) took on63. ________ should any money be given to a small child.A) On no accountB) From all accountsC) Of no accountD) By all accounts64. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factualknowledge ________ our thinking.A) which to be based onB) which to base uponC) upon which to baseD) to which to be based65. ________ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed onconstruction sites by 90 percent.A) so clever are the construction robotsB) so clever the construction robots areC) such construction robots are cleverD) such clever construction robots are66. All flights ________ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.A) having canceledB) having been canceledC) were canceledD) have been canceled67. The microscope can ________ the object 100 times in diameter.A) magnifyB) increaseC) developD) multiply68. Language belongs to each one of us, to the flower-seller ________ to the professor.A) as much asB) as far asC) the same asD) as long as69. We ________ Edison’s success to his intelligence and hard work.A) subjectB) attributeC) oweD) refer70. She once again went through her composition carefully to ________ all spellingmistakes from it.A) withdrawB) diminishC) abandonD) eliminatePart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the correctionsin the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write thecorrect word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put aninsertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in theblank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank. Example:Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition write a composition based on the graph below.Outline:1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accident as indicated by the graph;2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city;3. Your predictions of what will happen this year.加一个图表Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.2017年六级参考答案Part I72. because → although73. nineteen → nineteenth74. that → what75. aroused → arose76. like → as/being77. complicated → simple78. (consist) → (consist) of79. that → which80. not → /作文范文：The graph shows the changing rate of car accidents in Walton city in 1990. The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June. From June on the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August. After August the rate began to decline, and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year.The highest rate in August was due to unfavorable weather conditions. Humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient, which easily leads to car accidents. The high rate in the first half of 1990 was also caused by the bad weather condition. In Walton City the excessive rain comes at early spring. The rain made road slippery, which often resulted in car accidents.This year the pattern is expected to change. The city government has raised fund to improve the road condition. Two new roads will be finished at the beginning of this year and are expected to open to traffic soon. Furthermore, the new road regulation provides that in summer every car must be air-conditioned. With all these precautions, I’m sure that the rate of car accidents will be much lower this year.。
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(全三套)
Q1: B Having friendly colleagues 解析：原文中前半部分男士说到： “The most important factor for the majorityof the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues. 对于大部分接 ” 受采访的人来说，最重要的因素是拥有友好的、互相支持的同事们。 Q2： B 20% 解析：原文中部男士说到： “However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy. ”的2员0%工说他们工作得不开心。 Q3： A those of a small size
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参考答案
Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to a better choice between attending college at home and abroad. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that it is a better choice to study in domestic colleges, but others consider it better to study abroad. I totally agree with the latter idea for the reasons presented below. To begin with, it harms the society in that the greater the competition is, the higher the recruitment requirements will become. Therefore, with experiences of studying abroad, graduates will become more competitive in job hunting. Furthermore, it is beneficial to the students themselves to study abroad. Without the choice to pursue overseas study, many great scholars today would never have achieved such great success. From my perspective, it is crucial that the government should encourage people to pursue overseas study. Also it is crucial that people should understand the meaning and value of attending college abroad. Only in this way can we achieve greater success.
2017年6月英语六级真题第一套(卷一)
1.A) Doing enjoyable work.B)Having friendly colleagues.2.A) 31% . B) 20% .3.A) Those of a small size.B)Those run by women. C)Earning a competitive salary.D)Working for supportive bosses.C)25% . D) 73% .C)Those that are well managed.D)Those full of skilled workers.2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in science or humanities at college，write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but nomore than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section，you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation，you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.4.A) T hey can hop from job to job easily.B)T hey can win recognition of their work.C)T hey can better balance work and life.D) They can take on more than one job.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A)It is a book of European history. C) It is about the city of Bruges.B)It is an introduction to music. D) It is a collection of photos.6.A) When painting the concert hall of Bruges.B)When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.C)When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.D)When writing about Belgium’s coastal regions.7.A) T he entire European coastline will be submerged.B)T he rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely. C)T he seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.D)The major European scenic spots will disappear.8.A) I ts waterways are being increasingly polluted.B)P eople cannot get around without using boats.C)I t attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.D)Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.11.A) Anticipate possible problems.B)Make a list of do’s and don’ts.12.A) She wore a designer dress.B)She won her first jury trial. C)Picture themselves succeeding.D)Try to appear more professional.C)She did not speak loud enough.D)She presented moving pictures.Section BDirections: In this section，you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA)，B)，C) and D)• Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) They make careful preparations beforehand.B)They take too many irrelevant factors into account.C)They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.D)They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.10.A) A person’s nervous system is more complicated than imagined.B)Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.C)Mental images often interfere with athletes’ performance.D)Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A) Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.B)Its health benefits have been overestimated.C)It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.D)It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.14.A) It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.B)It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.C)It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.D)It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.15.A) Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.B)Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.C)Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.D)Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.Section CDirections: In this section，you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question，you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B)，C) and D) • Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) Observing the changes in marketing.B)Conducting research on consumer behaviour.C)Studying the hazards of young people drinking.D)Investigating the impact of media on government.17.A) It is the cause of many street riots. C) It is a chief concern of parents.B)It is getting worse year by year. D) It is an act of socialising.18.A) They spent a week studying their own purchasing behaviour.B)They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.C)They analysed their family budgets over the years.D)They conducted a thorough research on advertising.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.B)It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.C)It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.D)It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.20.A) Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.B)Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.C)Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.D)Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.21.A) There was no food service on the train. C) The restaurant car accepted cash only.B)The service on the train was not good. D) The cash in her handbag was missing.22.A) By putting money into envelopes. C) By limiting their day-to-day spending.B) By drawing money week by week. D) By refusing to buy anything on credit. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A) Population explosion. C) Extinction of rare species.B) Chronic hunger. D) Environmental deterioration.24.A) They contribute to overpopulation. C) They have been brought under control.B) About half of them are unintended. D) The majority of them tend to end halfway.25.A) It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.B)It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.C)It is neglected in many of the developing countries.D)It is beginning to attract postgraduates’ attention.Part HI Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013，Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before，a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no 26 gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to 27 the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is “very important” has fallen 28 in the last 5-6 years,Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students’ critical thinking skills. Yet like many college teachers around the U. S. , the faculty remain 29 that their work as educators can be measured by a “learning 30 such as a graduate’s ability to investigate and reason. However, the professors need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use 31 metrics to measure how well students do in three keyareas: critical thinking，written communication，and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly 32 earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities，despite their global 33 for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate whatthey can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are stillimportant, but employers are 34 advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worth of aSection BDirections: In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraphis marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 •The Price of Oil and the Price of Carbon[A]Fossil fuel prices are likely to stay “low for long. ” Notwithstanding important recent progress indeveloping renewable fuel sources, low fossil fuel prices could discourage further innovation in，and adoption of, cleaner energy technologies. The result would be higher emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.[B]Policymakers should not allow low energy prices to derail the clean energy transition. Action to restoreappropriate price incentives，notably through corrective carbon pricing，is urgently needed to lower the risk of irreversible and potentially devastating effects of climate change. That approach also offers fiscal benefits.[C]Oil prices have dropped by over 60% since June 2014. A commonly held view in the oil industry is that“the best cure for low oil prices is low oil prices. ’’ The reasoning behind this saying is that low oil prices discourage investment in new production capacity, eventually shifting the oil supply curve backward and bringing prices back up as existing oil fields—which can be tapped at relatively low marginal cost—are depleted. In fact, in line with past experience, capital expenditure in the oil sector has dropped sharply in many producing countries, including the United States. The dynamic adjustment to low oil prices may，however, be different this time around.[D]Oil prices are expected to remain lower for longer. The advent of new technologies has added about 4.2million barrels per day to the crude oil market, contributing to a global over-supply. In addition, other factors are putting downward pressure on oil prices: change in the strategic behavior of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the projected increase in Iranian exports，the scaling-down of global demand (especially from emerging markets)，the long-term drop in petroleum consumption in the United States, and some displacement of oil by substitutes. These likely persistent forces，like the growth of shale (页岩)oil，point to a “ low for long，’ scenario. Futures markets，which show only a modestrecovery of prices to around $ 60 a barrel by 2019，support this view.E]Natural gas and coal—also fossil fuels—have similarly seen price declines that look to be long- lived.Coal and natural gas are mainly used for electricity generation, whereas oil is used mostly to power transportation, yet the prices of all these energy sources are linked. The North American shale gas boom has resulted in record low prices there. The recent discovery of the giant Zohr gas field off the Egyptian coast will eventually have impact on pricing in the Mediterranean region and Europe, and there is significant development potential in many other places，notably Argentina.Coal prices also are low, owing to over-supply and the scaling-down of demand, especially from China, which bums half of the world’s coal.[F]Technological innovations have unleashed the power of renewables such as wind, hydro, solar, andgeothermal（地热）.E v e n Africa and the Middle East, home to economies that are heavily dependent on fossil fuel exports, have enormous potential to develop renewables. For example, the United Arab Emirates has endorsed an ambitious target to draw 24% of its primary energy consumption from renewable sources by 2021.[G]Progress in the development of renewables could be fragile，however，if fossil fuel prices remain low forlong. Renewables account for only a small share of global primary energy consumption, which is still dominated by fossil fuels—30% each for coal and oil, 25% for natural gas. But renewable energy will have to displace fossil fuels to a much greater extent in the future to avoid unacceptable climate risks. [H]Unfortunately, the current low prices for oil，gas, and coal may provide little incentive for research tofind even cheaper substitutes for those fuels. There is strong evidence that both innovation and adoption of cleaner technology are strongly encouraged by higher fossil fuel prices. The same is true for new technologies for alleviating fossil fuel emissions.[I]The current low fossil fuel price environment will thus certainly delay the energy transition from fossilfuel to clean energy sources. Unless renewables become cheap enough that substantial carbon deposits are left underground for a very long time，if not forever，the planet will likely be exposed to potentially catastrophic climate risks.[J]Some climate impacts may already be discernible. For example, the United Nations Children’s Fund estimates that some 11 million children in Africa face hunger, disease, and water shortages as a result of the strongest El Nino（厄尔尼诺）weather phenomenon in decades. Many scientists believe that El Nino events，caused by warming in the Pacific，are becoming more intense as a result of climate change. [K]Nations from around the world have gathered in Paris for the United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP 21，with the goal of a universal and potentially legally-binding agreement on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. We need very broad participation to fully address the global tragedy that results when countries fail to take into account the negative impact of their carbon emissions on the rest of the world.Moreover, non-participation by nations, if sufficiently widespread，can undermine the political will of participating countries to act.[L]The nations participating at COP 21 are focusing on quantitative emissions-reduction commitments.Economic reasoning shows that the least expensive way for each country is to put a price on carbon emissions. The reason is that when carbon is priced, those emissions reductions that are least costly to implement will happen first. The International Monetary Fund calculates that countries can generate substantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and levying carbon charges that capture the domestic damage caused by emissions. A tax on upstream carbon sources is one easy way to put a price on carbon emissions，although some countries may wish to use other methods, such as emissions trading schemes. In order to maximize global welfare，every country’s carbon pricing should reflect not only the purely domestic damage from emissions，but also the damage to foreign countries.[M]Setting the right carbon price will therefore efficiently align the costs paid by carbon users with the true social opportunity cost of using carbon. By raising relative demand for clean energy sources，a carbon price would also help align the market return to clean-energy innovation with its social return, spurringthe refinement of existing technologies and the development of new ones. And it would raise the demand for technologies such as carbon capture and storage，spurring their further development. If not corrected by the appropriate carbon price, low fossil fuel prices are not accurately signaling to markets the true social profitability of clean energy. While alternative estimates of the damage from carbon emissions differ, and it’s especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events，most estimates suggest substantial negative effects.[N]Direct subsidies to research and development have been adopted by some governments but are a poor substitute for a carbon price: they do only part of the job，leaving in place market incentives to over-use fossil fuels and thereby add to the stock of atmospheric greenhouse gases without regard to the collateral （附带的）costs.[ O] The hope is that the success of COP 21 opens the door to future international agreement on carbon prices.Agreement on an international carbon-price floor would be a good starting point in that process. Failure to address comprehensively the problem of greenhouse gas emissions, however，exposes all generations，present and future, to incalculable risks.36. A number of factors are driving down the global oil prices not just for now but in the foreseeable future.37.Pricing carbon proves the most economical way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.38.It is estimated that extreme weather conditions have endangered the lives of millions of African children.39.The prices of coal are low as a result of over-supply and decreasing demand.40.Higher fossil fuel prices prove to be conducive to innovation and application of cleaner technology.41.If fossil fuel prices remain low for a long time，it may lead to higher emissions of greenhouse gases.42.Fossil fuels remain the major source of primary energy consumption in today’s world.43.Even major fossil fuel exporting countries have great potential to develop renewable energies.44.Greenhouse gas emissions, if not properly dealt with, will pose endless risks for mankind.45.It is urgent for governments to increase the cost of using fossil fuels to an appropriate level to lessen thecatastrophic effects of climate change.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A） , B） , C） andD）• You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science，most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online.Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists，for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository（库），and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from，say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects— but these remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons： it is a lot ofwork； until recently, good databases did not exist； grant funders were not pushing for sharing； it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data； and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to “shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as a private preserve”. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand，services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them.Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic（利他的）.Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. The most successful sharers— those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often—get noticed，and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood densityaround the world ；it has been downloaded 5，700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass，to foresters looking for information on different grades of timber. “ I，d much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions，” she says. “It’s important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible. ’，Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves，thus avoiding confusion later on.46.What do many researchers generally accept?A)It is imperative to protect scientists’ patents.B)Repositories are essential to scientific research.C)Open data sharing is most important to medical science.D)Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.47.What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public ?A)Opposed. B) Ambiguous. C) Liberal. D) Neutral.48.According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing?A)The fear of massive copying.B)The lack of a research culture.C)The belief that research data is private intellectual property.D)The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.49.What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?A)The ever-growing demand for big data.B)The advancement of digital technology.C)The changing attitude of journals and funders.D)The trend of social and economic development.50.Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ___________ .A)is becoming increasingly popular C) makes researchers successfulB)benefits sharers and users alike D) saves both money and laborPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macy’s reported its sales plunged 5. 2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U. S. cities depend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macy’s has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories.The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably warm weather. “ About 80% of our company’s year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls(短缺)in cold-weather goods，”said chief executive Terry Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter.However, it’s clear that Macy’s believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏离)offthe thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin implementing $ 400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer “voluntary separation” packages to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2016. The company had previously announced the planned closures，but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chain’s stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.Macy’s has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It has plans to open more locations of Macy’s Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. It’s also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the bea uty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters，Macy’s hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.One relative bright spot for Ma cy’s during the holiday season was the online channel, where it rang up “double-digit” increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wider retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.51.What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the U. S. ?A)It is attributable to the rising value of the U. S. dollar.B)It is a direct result of the global economic recession.C)It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.D)It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U. S.52.What does Macy’s believe about its problems?A)They can be solved with better management.B)They cannot be attributed to weather only.C)They are not as serious in its online stores.D)They call for increased investments.53.In order to cut costs, Macy’s decided to __________ .A)cut the salary of senior executives C) adjust its promotion strategiesB)relocate some of its chain stores D) reduce the size of its staff54.Why does Macy’s plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?A)To experiment on its new business concept.B)To focus more on beauty products than clothing.C)To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D)To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.55.What can we learn about Macy’s during the holiday season?A)Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.B)Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C)It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.D)It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.明朝统治中国276年,被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一。
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(全三套)
To major humanities, so at least it seems to me, is preferable for college students, if they had the chance, in the process of which we will develop an innovative thought mode.
Why,you may wonder, should I prefer to major in humanities. The reasons responsible for it can be listed as follows .
Among the most important reasons cited by people is that to major in humanitie，s
Apart from what has been mentioned above, personal interest also plays a key role in it. For both passion and motivation are derived from interest, which not only decide how far you can reach academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled you will be .
参答案
Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to a better choice between attending college at home and abroad. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that it is a better choice to study in domestic colleges, but others consider it better to study abroad. I totally agree with the latter idea for the reasons presented below. To begin with, it harms the society in that the greater the competition is, the higher the recruitment requirements will become. Therefore, with experiences of studying abroad, graduates will become more competitive in job hunting. Furthermore, it is beneficial to the students themselves to study abroad. Without the choice to pursue overseas study, many great scholars today would never have achieved such great success. From my perspective, it is crucial that the government should encourage people to pursue overseas study. Also it is crucial that people should understand the meaning and value of attending college abroad. Only in this way can we achieve greater success.
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2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university,write an essay to state your opinion.You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words.Part II Listening Comprehension(30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)He would feel insulted.B)He would feel very sad.C)He would be embarrassed.D)He would be disappointed.2.A)They are worthy of a prize.B)They are of little value.C)They make good reading.D)They need improvement.3.A)He seldom writes a book straight through.B)He writes several books simultaneously.C)He draws on his real-life experiences.D)He often turns to his wife for help.4.A)Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B)Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C)He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D)Unlike a football match,there is no end to writing a book.Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)Achievements of black male athletes in college.B)Financial assistance to black athletes in college.C)High college dropout rates among black athletes.D)Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6.A)They display great talent in every kind of game.B)They are better at sports than at academic work.C)They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D)They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.7.A)About15%.B)Around40%.C)Slightly over50%.D)Approximately70%.8.A)Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B)College degrees do not count much to them.C)They have little interest in academic work.D)Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions9to12are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)Marketing strategies.B)Holiday shopping.C)Shopping malls.D)Online stores.10.A)About50%of holiday shoppers.B)About20-30%of holiday shoppers.C)About136million.D)About183.8million.11.A)They have fewer customers.B)They find it hard to survive.C)They are thriving once more.D)They appeal to elderly customers.12.A)Better quality of consumer goods B)Higher employment and wages.C)Greater varieties of commodities.D)People having more leisure time.Questions13to15are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A)They are new species of big insects.B)They are overprescribed antibiotics.C)They are life-threatening diseases.D)They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14.A)Antibiotics are now in short supply.B)Many infections are no longer curable.C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D)Routine operations have become complex.15.A)Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B)，C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)It is accessible only to the talented.B)It improves students’ability to think.C)It starts a lifelong learning process.D)It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17.A)They encourage academic democracy.B)They promote globalization.C)They uphold the presidents'authority.D)They protect students’rights.18.A)His thirst for knowledge.B)His eagerness to find a job.C)His contempt for authority.D)His potential for leadership.Questions19to22are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.20.A)They present the states in a surprisingly different order.B)They include more or less the same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D)They contain names of the most familiar states.21.A)Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B)Having a good sleep the night before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to lake place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.22.A)Discover when you can learn best.B)Change your time of study daily.C)Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D)Follow the example of a marathon runner. Questions23to25are based on the recordingyou have just heard.23.A)He is a politician.B)He is a businessman.C)He is a sociologist.D)He is a economist24.A)In slums.B)In Africa.C)In pre-industrial societies.D)In developing countries.25.A)They have no access to health care,let alone entertainment or recreation.B)Their income is less than50%of the national average family income.C)They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices,Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.After becoming president of Purdue University in2013,Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills.Two years before,a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third hadmade no(26)_______gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr.Daniels needed to(27)_______the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all,the percentageof Americans who say a college degree is“very important”has fallen (28)_______in the last5-6years.Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students’critical thinking skills.Yet like many college teachersaround the U.S.,the faculty remain(29)_______that their work as educators can be measured by a“learning(30)_______”such as a graduate’s ability to investigate and reason. However,the professorsneed not worry so much.The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use(31)_______metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas:critical thinking,written communication,and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment,the actual results are worrisome,and mostly (32)_______earlier studies.The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy.And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities,despite their global(33)_______for excellence in teaching,have only begunto demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning.Knowledge-based degrees are still important,but employers are(34)_______advanced thinking skills from college graduates.If the intellectual worthof a college degree can be(35)_______measured,more people will seek higher education—and comeout better thinkers.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。