英语语言学17春在线作业11满分答案
201711月北京地区成人学士学位英语统一考试真题和答案解析
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2016.11Reading Comprehension Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some ques-tions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.If the Dakota Access Pipeline(输油管道) is completed, it will carry nearly half a million bar-rels of oil across four states every day. Energy Transfer Partners (ETP), a Texas-based company behind the $ 3.8 billion project, hopes to finish construction this year. But the Standing Rock Sioux, an American Indian tribe( 部落), is determined to stop the 1,172-mile pipeline from being built. (76)Both sides show no signs of backing down.The Dakota Access Pipeline was announced in 2014. A section of it will run near the Standing Rock Sioux reservation. A reservation is an area of land set aside for American Indians. The tribe says the construction threatens to destroy historical areas and ancient burial sites. They also say the pipeline could pollute their main water source, the Missouri River. In April, the Standing Rock Sioux began a protest against the project. They camped at the construction site. Since then, thou-sands of people, including people from American Indian tribes, have traveled to the site to join the protest.ETP says that the pipeline will have built-in safety measures to protect against oil leaks. Work-ers will also monitor it remotely, and will be able to close valves (阀) within three minutes if leaks are detected.American Indians have been staging a nonviolent protest for months. The protest took a turn last week when police were called to keep the peace between protesters and armed security guards hired by the company.(77) Twenty-eight people have been arrested since then and charged with interfering with the pipeline construction.第1题Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?A.The Dakota Access Pipeline will create more markets for oil and gas.B.The Dakota Access Pipeline will create many job opportunities.C.American Indians oppose the construction of an oil pipeline.D.American Indians fight for equal voting rights.答案：C第2题ETP hopes to finish this project in__________.A.2016B.2017C.2018D.2019答案：A第3题Why do American Indians protest against the construction of this pipeline?A.Because it will cost up to $ 3.8 billion.B.Because it threatens the region' s water supply.C.Because it will make many people lose their jobs.D.Because it will force many people to leave their homes.答案：B第4题According to the passage, the workers can__________ in case of pipeline leaks.A.report it to the local governmentB.ask people to leave the leak affected areasC.call 911D.close valves答案：D第5题According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A.This pipeline will cross four states.B.This pipeline is 1,179. miles long.C.All the protesters are from the Standing Rock Sioux.D.Neither side of the dispute is willing to compromise.答案：CAs the National Park Service celebrates its 100th anniversary(周年纪念), President Barack Obama has announced the establishment of one new national monument, and the expansion(扩大)of another. In Maine, more than 87,500 acres of forest will become government-protected parkland for the first time. In Hawaii, a national monument created by President George W. Bush in 2006 will expand to about 582,578 square miles, four times its current size.Obama has now created or enlarged 26 national monuments during his presidency. As a result,his administration says, Obama has protected more of the nation' s land than any other president has. But some residents and officials, in both Maine and Hawaii, object to the plans. (78)They say their local economies depend on the use of these areas.In establishing this monument, Obama took the side of conservationists ( 自然资源保护者)who want laws to protect wild lands. Creating a national park usually requires the approval of Con-gress. But a 1906 federal law allows the president to establish national monuments on his own.The land' s new status as a monument means that mining and drilling operations are forbidden there. (79)It may also severely limitactivities such as logging, road-building, and hunting. Some of Maine' s politicians who want to protect the state' s logging industries say Obama should not have acted alone. They say Washington should not tell the states how to use their land, especially when people' s jobs are at stake. Maine politician Susan Collins said the president should have listened to Maine lawmakers and residents, as well as to the U. S. Congress before making his decision.However, those who support the president' s decision say the establishment of the new monu-ment will lead to new jobs through tourism.第6题Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Creating New JobsB.Protecting Wild AnimalsC.Stimulating Local EconomiesD.Creating New National Monuments答案：D第7题Obama has established or enlarged __________ national monuments during his two terms.A.19B.20C.26D.30答案：C第8题In national monuments, __________ is forbidden.A.loggingB.huntingC.miningD.road-building答案：C第9题The phrase at stake in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to__________.A.in returnB.in dangerC.at presentD.by chance答案：B第10题According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A.The national monument in Hawaii was created by President Bush.B.There is no objection to President Obama' s decision.C.President Obama made this decision on his own.D.The establishment of the new monument will lead to new jobs.答案：BToronto' s third City Hall, now known as Old City Hall, was designed by Edward James Len-nox and declared open on Sept.18,1899.Created to provide more space for city officials, it turned out to be the largest building in the city and the largest city building in North America at the time.Lennox took three years to design the City Hall and it took 11 years to build it. Contemporaries believe that the odd carvings (雕刻) above the Queen Street entrance were actually caricatures(漫画) of councilors at the time.Lennox even included himself in the caricatures, on the west side of the central arch ( 拱门 ),and left a strange signature in the stonework of the link portions of the building.The third City Hall was originally used as councilors' offices and legal offices, but it is used only as a courthouse today.When the fourth City Hall (the one we know today) was declared open in 1965, Old City Hall was threatened to be pulled down. It was saved by a group of people called the "Friends of Old City Hall. "The clock tower stands parallel with the middle of Bay Street, rather than with the center of the building. The bells in the tower were notinstalled until the building opened. Old City Hall was declared a historical site in 1989.(80) The entire structure cost more than $ 2.5 million to build at the time. This is equal to $ 53 million today.第11题Toronto's third City Hall came into use in__________.A.the 18th centuryB.the 19th centuryC.the 20th centuryD.the 21st century答案：B第12题 Old City Hall was constructed in __________ years.A.3B.7C.9D.11答案：D第13题The third City Hall is now used as a__________.A.middle schoolB.hospitalC.cinemaD.courthouse答案：D第14题 From the passage we learn that__________.A.Toronto spends lots of money yearly developing the cityB.some local residents showed a great interest in protecting the city' s cultural siteC.the City Council of Toronto hasn' t paid sufficient attention to the protection of the city' s cultureD.the City Hall is still the largest city building in North America today答案：B第15题 Which of the following statements is TRUE accordingto the passage?A.To build a structure like the City Hall will cost $ 2.5 million today.B.The clock tower stands parallel with the centre of the City Hall.C.Old City Hall was once pulled down in the development of the city.D.Old City Hall is now a historical site.答案：DVocabulary and Structure Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.第16题 Shanghai is __________ biggest city in __________ China in terms of population.A.the; theB.the; /C./; theD./; /答案：B第17题When Jenny came to my place, I __________ breakfast with James.A.haveB.hadC.have hadD.was having答案：D第18题__________ I in your position, I would not accept the job.A.WereB.WasC.AmD.Been答案：A第19题I got __________ money with me, so I wasn' t able to buy even a bottle of water !A.anyB.someC.fewD.little答案：D第20题--Must we send in our plan this week?--No, ; you can send it in next week.A.you needn' tB.you mustn' tC.you can' tD.you shouldn' t答案：A第21题 Would you mind __________ me some bread on your way home?A.buyB.to buyC.buyingD.bought答案：C第22题 I can' t finish the work in time __________ you help me translate the texts.A.unlessB.ifC.whereD.but答案：A第23题The driver __________ the passengers off at the supermarket and then went to the next stop.A.fellB.sankC.droppedD.stepped答案：C第24题 That restaurant has a good __________ in the community for its delicious food and friendly service.A.moodB.mirrorC.reputationD.report答案：C第25题The manager at once lost his __________ when he learnt that his secretary was late again for the meeting.A.mindB.temperC.passionD.way答案：B第26题The young soldier was __________ wounded in the war and died a few days later.A.generouslyB.lonelyC.fatallyD.slightly答案：C第27题Professor Simpson __________ the project carefully and made a few corrections.A.went upB.went downC.went afterD.went over答案：D第28题When I go to heat the milk, please __________ the baby.A.keep an eye onB.set foot onC.make a guess atD.look forward to答案：A第29题Mr. and Mrs. Wright have got nine children--it' s really a big __________.A.homeB.familyC.houseD.room答案：B第30题Neither Bill nor his parents __________ at home.A.isB.areC.hasD.have答案：B第31题 The summer vacation __________ over, they then got down to their work again.A.wereB.wasC.beingD.had been答案：C第32题He failed in his exam, __________ proves that he hadn't worked hard enough.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.such答案：C第33题__________ is known to all, too much stress can cause disease.A.WhichB.ThatC.ItD.As答案：D第34题 It was not until he came back __________ I left the office.A.thenB.whichC.thatD.when答案：C第35题 Only when he finished his homework __________ that he had made a mistake.A.he then realizedB.did he realizeC.before he realizedD.he realized答案：B第36题If it __________ rain tomorrow, we' 11 have the party outside.A.wouldn' tB.doesn' tC.didn' tD.won' t答案：B第37题This is the dictionary you're looking for, __________ ?A.isn' t thisB.isn' t thatC.isn' t itD.isn' t there答案：C第38题It' s going to rain. You' d better __________ an umbrella with you.A.bringB.takeC.carryD.fetch答案：C第39题Mary never tells anyone what she does for a __________.A.lifeB.workC.professionD.living答案：D第40题I saw a car in the distance, but I couldn' t __________ whether it was red or not.A.make outB.work onC.look outD.take in答案：A第41题There were a __________ number of students on the playground.A.fewB.littleC.shortD.small答案：D第42题 Students are expected to __________ lectures regularly.A.presentB.goC.attendD.follow答案：C第43题The lecture was so __________ that everyonewent to sleep.A.boringB.boredC.interestingD.interested答案：A第44题We can see a lot of people doing morning exercises in the park even __________ a cold morning.A.onB.inC.atD.during答案：A第45题The guide walked so fast that most of the tourists could not __________ him.A.go in forB.keep up withC.follow upD.pass on答案：BIdentification Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C andD. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.第46题答案：C第47题答案：D第48题答案：A第49题答案：A 第50题答案：A 第51题答案：C 第52题答案：C 第53题答案：A 第54题答案：C 第55题答案：CCloze Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.根据下面资料，回答下面试题Green sea turtles(海龟) are the world' s largest species of hard-shelled sea turtle. While most individuals weigh about 136 to 181 kilograms, some can be 56 heavy as 204 kilograms. These turtles are found nesting (筑巢) along the coastline of more than 80 countries with the largest nest-ing populations 57 in Costa Rica and Australia.Green sea turtles spend most of their lives underwater,58 they can rest for up to five hours at a time before 59 up for air. When active, they typically stay underwater for a few mi-nutes and swim up to the surface to 60 air for a few seconds. Green sea turtles also bathe in the sun 61 land.Unlike most other sea turtles, adult green sea turtles eat primarily plant-based foods 62 of seaweed and sea grass. Scientists believe these green foods 63 the sea turtle's fat its green color.Similar to other sea turtles, green sea turtles travel long distances 64 their feeding grounds and their nesting sites, with recorded distances 65 than 2,600 kilometers. They have strong flippers(鳍形肢) that help them 66 in the water.Female green sea turtles leave the water in 67 to lay eggs on the beach and will choose the same nesting 68 as where they were born. A female will dig 69 a nest with her flip-pers and lay about 115 eggs. Then she' 11 cover the eggs 70 sand and return to the sea. After about twomonths the babies will use a special "egg tooth" to break their shells and hatch(孵化)from their eggs.The first few years of a green sea turtle' s life are spent 71 at sea, where they feed on tiny animals and plants 72 live in the surface layer of the sea. As they grow older, the turtles move to 73 waters along the coast, where they find sea grass to eat.Adult green sea turtles face many threats, primarily form humans, including injuries from passing boats, being 74 in fishing nets and pollution. Newly hatched sea turtles are also at 75 of being hunted by other animals as they move from their nests out to the sea.第56题 A.at B.for C.in D.as答案：D第57题 A.gone B.moved C.found D.knocked答案：C第58题 A.which B.that C.when答案：A第59题 A.join e C.joining ing答案：D第60题 A.breathe B.draw C.hold D.attract答案：A第61题A.forB.atC.onD.in答案：C第62题 A.putting B.making C.containing D.consisting第63题 A.take B.give C.taken D.given答案：B第64题 A.among B.within C.between D.beyond 答案：D第65题 A.longer B.deeper C.richer D.higher答案：A第66题 A.arrive B.swim C.reach D.jump答案：B第67题 A.way B.place C.method D.order答案：D第68题 wn B.street C.level D.spot答案：D第69题 A.out B.away C.above D.below答案：A第70题 A.of B.with C.out D.for答案：B第71题 A.float B.think C.floating D.thinking答案：C第72题 A.when B.that C.what D.where答案：B第73题 A.negative B.careful C.shallow D.polite第74题 A.caught B.dropped C.grown D.reached答案：A第75题 A.risk B.sight C.visit D.Death答案：A英译汉 Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese.第76题 Both sides show no signs of backing down.答案：双方都没有表示妥协的迹象。
东北师范大学英语语言学17秋在线作业1-1
东北师范大学英语语言学17秋在线作业1一、单选题1、C2、C3、A4、C5、B一、单选题（共 20 道试题，共 60 分。
）V 1. In _____ stage, children use single words to represent various meanings.A. telegraphicB. two-wordC. holophrasticD. babbling正确答案：C2. The language used to talk about language is called .A. special languageB. local languageC. metalanguageD. human language正确答案：C3. Both siren and beauty refer to a good-looking woman, but they differ in __________.A. affective meaningB. styleC. collocationD. register正确答案：A4. ____ is a typical tone language.A. EnglishB. JapaneseC. ChineseD. Korean正确答案：C5. ____ is a process that creates new words by putting together non-morphemic parts of existing words. A well-known example is smog (smoke and fog).A. BindingB. blendingC. blessingD. blooming正确答案：B6. ______ is the label given to the form of a language used by any group of speakers or used in a particular field.A. varietyB. registerC. dialectD. Creole正确答案：A7. The study of meaning is defined as___________.A. linguisticsB. semanticsC. morphologyD. pragmatics正确答案：B8. The idea that people cooperate with each other in conversing is generalized by。
学英语报17期参考答案
学英语报17期参考答案一、听力部分1. A) 正确。
根据听力材料，对话中提到了去图书馆，符合选项A的描述。
2. B) 正确。
对话中提到了天气很热，所以B选项是正确的。
3. C) 正确。
根据对话内容，提到了要参加一个生日派对，因此选择C。
4. A) 正确。
对话中提到了需要买一些东西，所以A选项是正确的。
5. B) 正确。
根据对话，提到了去电影院看电影，所以B选项是正确的。
二、词汇与语法6. 正确答案是：excitement。
根据句子结构，需要一个名词来表示“兴奋”。
7. 正确答案是：to be held。
根据句子中的“will be”结构，可知需要使用被动语态。
8. 正确答案是：Neither。
根据句子结构，表示两者都不，所以选择Neither。
9. 正确答案是：is。
根据主谓一致原则，主语“the news”是单数，所以动词用单数形式。
10. 正确答案是：had been。
根据句子中的过去完成时态，可知需要使用过去完成时。
三、阅读理解A篇11. 正确答案是：C。
文章中提到了Tom的计划，但并没有提到他去了哪里。
12. 正确答案是：A。
根据文章内容，Tom去了海滩。
13. 正确答案是：B。
文章中提到了Tom和朋友们一起玩耍。
B篇14. 正确答案是：D。
文章最后提到了作者的感想，但没有提到D选项的内容。
15. 正确答案是：B。
根据文章内容，作者在图书馆找到了一本有趣的书。
16. 正确答案是：C。
文章中提到了作者对图书馆的喜爱。
C篇17. 正确答案是：A。
文章开头提到了这个活动的目的。
18. 正确答案是：B。
根据文章内容，这个活动是面向所有人的。
19. 正确答案是：D。
文章中提到了参与者需要支付一定的费用。
四、完形填空20. 正确答案是：A。
根据上下文，这里需要一个动词来表示“开始”。
21. 正确答案是：B。
这里需要一个名词来表示“兴趣”。
22. 正确答案是：C。
根据句子结构，这里需要一个副词来修饰动词。
[0181]《语言学导论》 在线作业及参考答案
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[0181]《语言学导论》第1批作业[单选题]When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas, it serves a _____ function.A:expressiveB:evocativeC:performativeD:phatic参考答案：D[判断题]The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.参考答案：错误[单选题]_____ is the study of meaning in language.A:SyntaxB:Applied linguisticsC:MorphologyD:Semantics参考答案：D[单选题]By _____, we mean language can refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.A:cultural transmissionB: interchangeabilityC:displacementD:creativity参考答案：C[单选题]Which of the following statements is FALSE:A:Language is just for communication.B:Language is one of many ways in which we experience the world.C: Language is a sign system.D:Language is arbitrary and conventional.参考答案：A[单选题]Of the following sounds, ______ is a rounded vowel.A:[au]B: [u:]C:[ju:]D:[e]参考答案：B[单选题]There are ______ morphemes in the word "policemen".A: twoB:threeC:fourD:five参考答案：B[单选题]The syllabic structure of the word "children" is ______.A:CVCCVCB:CCVCCCVCC:CCVCCVCD:CVVCCVC参考答案：A[单选题]_____ are produced when the nasal passage is opened by lowering the soft palate ant the back of the throat and the air is allowed to pass through it.A:Semi-vowelsB:AffricatesC:NasalsD:Glides参考答案：C[单选题]_____ studies the changes in language and language use with respect to social factors.A:SociolinguisticsB:Comparative linguisticsC:SyntaxD:Computational linguistics参考答案：A[单选题]A ______ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.A:rootB:free morphemeC:stemD:suffix参考答案：C[单选题]Which one of the following statements does not account for the primacy of speech over writing in linguistic analysis? _______A:Speech existed long before writing systems came into being.B:Speech is more complex than writing.C:Genetically children learn to speak before learning to write.D: Written forms just represent in this way or that the speech sounds.参考答案：B[单选题]Foreign language learners' errors may be caused by ________.A:borrowing patterns from the mother tongueB:extending patterns form the target language, e.g. by analogyC:expressing meanings using the words and grammar which are already knownD:all the above three参考答案：D[单选题]Language serves the ________ function when it is used to express the speaker's feeling or attitude or to arouse a certain feeling or attitude in the hearer.A: phaticB:informativeC:emotiveD:directive参考答案：C[单选题]Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.A：FalseB：True参考答案：B[判断题]Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.参考答案：错误[单选题]If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be ______.A：prescriptiveB：analyticC：descriptiveD：linguistic参考答案：C[单选题]Modern linguistics regards the written language as _____.A：primaryB：betterC：secondaryD：unchangeable参考答案：C[单选题]Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _____ and meanings.A：senseB：soundsC：objectsD：ideas参考答案：B[单选题]Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?A：ArbitrarinessB：DisplacementC：DualityD：Meaningfulness参考答案：D[判断题]A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time.参考答案：错误[判断题]Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.参考答案：正确[单选题]The branch of linguistic study called _____ is concerned with how speakers use the sentences of a language to achieve effective and successful communication.A:sociolinguisticsB:pragmaticsC:syntaxD:computational linguistics参考答案：B第2批作业[判断题]A person's social backgrounds do not exert a shaping influence on his choice of linguistic features.参考答案：错误[判断题]Componential analysis is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.参考答案：正确[判断题]The standard language is a better language than nonstandard languages.参考答案：错误[判断题]Derivation refers to the process by which new words are formed by the addition of affixes to the roots, stems, or words.参考答案：正确[判断题]Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent.参考答案：错误[判断题]The distinction between competence and performance is proposed by Halliday.参考答案：错误[判断题]Bilingualism and diglossia mean the same thing.参考答案：错误[判断题]Hyponymy refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form.参考答案：错误[判断题]What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.参考答案：正确[判断题]“alive” and “dead” are complementary antonyms.参考答案：正确[判断题]Language use varies from one speech community to another, from one regional group to another, from one social group to another, and even from one individual to another.参考答案：正确[判断题]Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.参考答案：错误[判断题]Some languages are inferior, or superior, to other languages.参考答案：错误[判断题]For the vast majority of children, language development occurs spontaneously and requires little conscious instruction on the part of adults.参考答案：正确[判断题]Observations of children in different language areas of the world reveal that the developmental stages are similar, possibly universal, whatever the nature of the input.参考答案：正确[判断题]Pidgins are linguistically inferior to standard languages.参考答案：错误[判断题]The kind of name or term speakers use to call or refer to someone may indicate something of their social relationship to or personal feelings about that individual.参考答案：正确[判断题]“Smog” is a word formed by the word-forming process called acronymy.参考答案：错误[判断题]The Cooperative Principle is advanced by Paul Grice.参考答案：正确[判断题]Two speakers of the same language or dialect use their language or dialect in the same way.参考答案：错误第3批作业[填空题]The _______ relation is a relation holding between elements replaceable with each other at a particular place in a structure, or between one element present and the others absent.参考答案：paradigmatic[填空题]"Poor John" and "ran away" are the _____ constituents of the sentence "Poor John ran away".参考答案：immediate[填空题]Michael A. K. Halliday has developed the ______ grammar.参考答案：systemic-functional[填空题]The transformational-generative grammar was proposed by the American linguist Noam ______.参考答案：Chomsky[填空题]The word "brunch" is formed by way of _____ from "breakfast" and "lunch".参考答案：blending[填空题]_______ is the study of teh formation of sentences in a language.参考答案：Syntax[填空题]____ is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content.参考答案：Morpheme[填空题]A ____ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.参考答案：stem[填空题]Morphemes that may constitute words by themselves are ______.参考答案：free morphemes[填空题]A ____ is the base form of a word that cannot further be analyzed without total loss of identity.参考答案：root[填空题]______ affixes do not change the word class of the word they attach to.参考答案：Inflectional[填空题]"WTO" is an ______ made up from teh first letters of the name of the organization "World Trade Organization".参考答案：acronym第4批作业[判断题]All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language.参考答案：正确[单选题]In first language acquisition, imitation plays ___.A：a minor roleB：a significant roleC：a basic roleD： no role参考答案：A[单选题]The syllabic structure of the word "ac hieved” is ______.A:VCCVCCB:VCVCCC:VCVVCVCD:VCCVCVC参考答案：B[单选题]_______are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.A:RootsB:StemsC:AffixesD:Compounds参考答案：C[单选题]The relation between the two words "buy” and "sell” can be described as____.A: gradable antonymyB:converse antonymyC:complementary antonymyD:synonymy参考答案：B[单选题]Many Chinese English learners may, at the beginning stage, produce "mans” and "photoes” as the plural forms of "man” and "photo”. This i s most likely the result of _______ in the process of foreign language learning.A:Negative transferB:OvergeneralizationC:Positive transferD:mother tongue interference参考答案：B[单选题]Which of the following qualities is not the requirement of a good test? _______.A:ObjectivityB:ReliabilityC:ValidityD:Both A and C参考答案：A[单选题]Which of the following statements about machine translation is likely to be wrong?_______.A: Machine translation has always been a chief concern in computational linguistics.B:There are areas where machine translation surpasses human translations.C:Sooner or later, machine translation will replace human translation completely.D:In some areas, human translations surpasses machine translation.参考答案：C[单选题]Teaching culture in our language classes can _______.A:get the students familiar with cultural differencesB:help the students transcend their own culture and see things as the members of the target culture willC:emphasize the inseparability of understanding language and understanding culture through various classroom practicesD:All of the above.参考答案：D[单选题]According to Grice's theory, a conversational implicature arises when the cooperative principle and its maxims are _______.A:strictly observedB:secretly and deliberately violatedC:blatantly or apparently violatedD:Both A and B参考答案：C[单选题]The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.A：voicelessB：voicedC：vowelD：consonantal参考答案：A[单选题]Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be _____.A：in phonemic contrastB：in complementary distributionC：the allophonesD：minimal pair参考答案：A[单选题]The sound /f/ is ____.A：voiced palatal affricateB：voiced alveolar stopC：voiceless velar fricativeD：voiceless labiodental fricative参考答案：D[单选题]The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _____.A：lexicalB：morphemicC：grammaticalD：semantic参考答案：C[单选题]____ is a voiced alveolar stop.A：/z/B：/d/C：/k/D：/b/参考答案：B[单选题]The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by "copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones ______.A：identicalB：sameC：exactly alikeD：similar参考答案：D[单选题]A ____ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position.A：backB：centralC：frontD：middle参考答案：C[单选题]_____ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.A：WordsB：MorphemesC：PhonemesD：Sentences参考答案：B[单选题]Bound morphemes are those that ____.A： have to be used independentlyB：can not be combined with other morphemesC：can stand as words on their ownD： have to be combined with other morphemes参考答案：D[判断题]The statement "His car is yellow" entails the statement "He has a car".参考答案：错误[判断题]Sense is concerned with the relationship between the linguistic element and thenon-linguistic world of experience, while the reference deals with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.参考答案：错误[单选题]Language serves the _______ function when it is used to talk about language itself.A:recreationalB:metalingualC:phaticD:performative参考答案：B[单选题]The Cooperative Principle that language users are believed to follow was initially proposed by_________.A:GriceB: AustinC:ChomskyD:Saussure参考答案：A。
东大17春学期《大学英语(一)》在线作业1答案
试卷总分:100得分:100
一、单选题(共25道试题,共50分)
1. The teacher required that all the assignments _____finished before this weekend.
A. would be
B. were
A. come
B. gone
C. left
D. worked
满分：2分
正确答案:D
18. He came _____ some old photographs in a drawer.
A. across
B. in
C. into
D. around
满分：2分
正确答案:A
19.
-- What a day! It's raining again. We can't go hiking tomorrow.
D. few
满分：2分
正确答案:B
9.
The boss made him work 14 hours a day. That means, he _______ work 14 hours a day.
A. was made
B. made
C. was making
D. was made to
满分：2分
A. exhibit
B. exhibition
C. exhibits
D. exhibitions
满分：2分
正确答案:C
14.
If you don' t know a word, you can ________ the word in a dictionary.
大学英语(一)高起专17春在线作业3满分答案
B. yours
C. your
正确答案:D
13. ______ is it only the ignorantand ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine.
A. Either
B. Often
C. Nor
D. Usually
满分：2.5分
正确答案:C
B. come into contact
C. come into light
D. come down to earth
满分：2.5分
正确答案:C
15. When we reached the station, the train had still not arrived; so we ______.
C. shouldn’t it
D. shouldn’t three hours
满分：2.5分
正确答案:C
5. True hibernation takes place only among ______ animals.
A. whose blood is warm
B. blood worm
C. warm-blooded
A. I wonder if it happens
B. I doubt if it will happen
C. I am afraid it wouldn’t happen
D. Idoubt if it does happen
满分：2.5分
正确答案:B
9. The gold watch had belonged to me for years, but the police refused to believe it was ______.
语言学作业参考答案
Myth1 Language is only a means of communication.If language is viewed only as a system of communication, then many species communicate. Humans also use systems other than language to relate to each other and to send and receive “messages,” like so-called body language. The question is whether the communication systems used by other species are at all like human linguistic knowledge, which is acquired by children with no instruction, and which is used creatively rather than in response to internal or external stimuli. So language should be defined as a system of vocal symbols used for human communication that can also talk about our thoughts, feelings and language itself.Note: 有些同学从语言功能的角度对此论述进行批判，或者只是对语言的定义进行阐述，并非不正确，只是在论述的时候，简单的摘抄笔记或者书本的句子，并没有看到论点。
Myth 2 Language has a form-meaning correspondence.Language is arbitrary which means there is no logic connection between the form and the meaning and they do not correspond to each other. The connection between for form and meaning is the conventionality. Note: 有些同学大概不理解form-meaning correspondence (语言与形式的对应关系), 所以在阐述的时候，没有讲到点上。
17春福师《语言学概论》在线作业二
B.正确
正确答案：
10.语言符号有两大特点：任意性；线条性。
A.错误
B.正确
正确答案：
11.自愿融合主要决定于各民族的经济政治文化科学技术等方面的发展程度，人口的多少以及各语言本身的丰富和发展程度。至于在政治上军事上的统治地位，则往往不能起决定性作用。
A.错误
B.正确
正确答案：
12.人类的几种古老文字，如古代埃及的圣书字，古代苏末人的楔形文字，中国的甲古文，都是开始创造于氏族社会或奴隶社会初期的。
7.国际音标大多采用希腊字母，不够用又补充采用拉丁字母。
A.错误
B.正确
正确答案：
8.百[ pai ]、版[ pan ]能区别意义，但不是音位，因为它们还可分析为[ p ] [ai ]、[ p ] [ an ],其中的[ ai ]、[ an ]才是音位。
A.错误
B.正确
正确答案：
9.英语和德语都属于罗曼语族，从属于印欧语系。
A.印梵文的影响
B.外来文化的影响
C.少数民族文化的影响
D.后现代的影响
正确答案：
9.近代汉语语音系统的发展规律为：
A.浊音声母的清音化
B.鼻音声母的减少和消失
C.声母舌前化的作用
D.收尾辅音的消失和合并
正确答案：
10.音位的特征有：
A.辨义性
B.最小的能辨义的语音单位
C.民族性
D.地域性
正确答案：
A.词义的扩大
B.词义的缩小
C.词义的转移
D.词义的增加
正确答案：
9.语言学概论这门课就属于：
A.历时语言学
B.普通语言学
C.共时语言学
D.应用语言学
南开17春学期《语言学概论》在线作业
17春学期《语言学概论》在线作业一、单选题（共20 道试题，共40 分。
）1. 下列关于元音与辅音的表述，正确的一项是（）A. 发辅音声带不振动，发元音声带振动B. 发辅音呼出的气流弱，发元音呼出的气流强C. 发辅音口腔气流有阻碍，元音则没有D. 发辅音口腔肌肉不紧张，元音则紧张正确答案：C2. 语法可以分成词法和句法两部分，词法一般不包括（）A. 形态问题B. 构词问题C. 词类问题D. 虚词问题正确答案：D3. 下列各组辅音中，都是舌尖前音的一组是（）A. [l, n]B. [p, d]C. [t, n]D. [t, ?]正确答案：C4. 下列辅音都是浊辅音的一组是()A. [m，b]B. [p，ɡ]C. [n，t]D. [s，f]正确答案：A5. 下列各项中，都是高元音的一组是（）A. [y, ?]B. [y, o]C. [u, i]D. [u, ?]正确答案：C6. 下列哪种语言不属于屈折语（）A. 英语B. 俄语C. 阿拉伯语D. 日语正确答案：D7. 人称是________所具有的语法范畴。
（）B. 代词C. 指人名词D. 形容词正确答案：A8. 语法范畴，人称是（）具有的语法范畴A. 名词B. 动词C. 形容词D. 代词正确答案：B9. 除汉语外，汉藏语系还有三个语族，不包括下列哪一项（）A. 藏缅B. 苗瑶C. 侗台D. 藏蒙正确答案：D10. 下列关于寓义的说法，不正确的一项是（）A. 寓义指话语中所没有而根据语境可以推导出来的意义B. 寓义都是社会所共同理解C. “你可真是个阿Q”中“阿Q”有寓义D. 寓义分规约寓义和临时寓义两种正确答案：B11. 语言的谱系分类，根据语言的亲属关系，汉语应该属于A. 印欧语系B. 汉藏语系C. 南岛语系D. 阿尔泰语系正确答案：B12. 关于现代汉语“洗”和“浴”两个语素，下列说法正确的一项是（）A. “洗”和“浴”都是不成词语素B. “洗”是词根语素，“浴”是词缀语素C. “洗”和“浴”都是构词语素D. “洗”和“浴”都是构形语素正确答案：C13. 下列各组辅音中，发音部位相同的一组是（）A. [k,?]B. [m, n]C. [n,?]D. [k,p]正确答案：A14. 下列各组辅音中，都是舌面后音的一组是（）A. [k, n]B. [ɡ, s]D. [k, ?]正确答案：D15. 关于语音四要素，下列说法不正确的一项是（）A. 在任何语言中，音高变化都是语调的主要构成要素B. 音高、音强和音长不能区别词的意义C. 音长是由发音体振动的持续时间决定的D. 音强是发音时用力大小决定的正确答案：B16. 下列关于语法的表述中，不正确的一项是（）A. 语法是关于词的构成变化和词构成词组和句子的规则B. 语法是说本族语的人的直觉知识和约定习惯C. 语法包括词法和句法D. 语法是与语音、语汇等相比变化较慢的部分正确答案：B17. 下列各组句子中，具有蕴含关系的一组是（）A. （甲）今天中秋节---（乙）今天吃月饼B. （甲）他买了一本小说---（乙）他买了一本书C. （甲）他买了小说---（乙）他买了一本书D. （甲）他在读书---（乙）他是学生正确答案：B18. 关于词类划分，下列说法正确的是（）A. 所有语言都可根据词的形态划分词类B. 所有语言都根据词的语法功能划分词类C. 划分词类时，要把词所有的语法功能都用作分类标准D. 词类划分标准的使用没有顺序，所有词类都在同一个层次上正确答案：B19. 语言系统的发展，语言的发展演变是不平衡的，变化最慢的是A. 语音B. 词汇C. 语法D. 修辞正确答案：C20. “鼓励”和“怂恿”在非理性意义上的主要差别是（）A. 感情色彩不同B. 语体色彩不同C. 形象色彩不同D. 语气意义不同正确答案：A17春学期《语言学概论》在线作业二、多选题（共10 道试题，共20 分。
194《英语语言学》答案
《英语语言学》练习题参考答案一I. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word beginning with the letter given:1.descriptive2.place voicing.3. Allophones4. morpheme.5. signifier and signified.6. structure7. diphthongs8. accidental9.Meaning and sounds10. metalanguage.11. interpersonal textual12. tone13. lexeme,14. suppletives.15.Semantics16.SynonymsII. Indicate the following statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets:( T ) 1. The Swiss linguist de Saussure regarded the linguistic sign as composed of sound image and referent.( F ) 2. Chinese is an agglutinating language.( F ) 3. Not all vowels are voiced.( T ) 4. If segments appear in the same position but the mutual substitution does not result in change of meaning, they are said to be in free variation.( F ) 5. A greenbottle is a type of bottle.( T ) 6. Productivity is the first and foremost striking feature of human language.( F ) 7. Language contains two subsystems, one of speaking and the other of writing.( T ) 8. Language can be used to refer to things real or imagined, past, present or future. ( F ) 9. Modern linguistics is prescriptive rather than descriptive.( F ) 10. The study of speech sounds is called Phonology.( T ) 11. The voiceless bilabial stop in pin and the one in spin are in complementary distribution. ( T ) 12. Tone is the variation of pitch to distinguish utterance meaning.( T ) 13. Compounding, the combination of free morphemes, is a common way to form words. ( F ) 14. In the phrases a herd of cattle, a flock of sheep, both cattle and sheep contain only one morpheme.( F ) 15. The meaning of compounds is always the sum of meaning of the compounds.III. Multiple Choice1.C2.D3.A4.B5.D6.A7.D8.B9.AIV. For each group of sounds listed below, state the phonetic feature(s) then share: Example: [s] [f] [p] [h] voiceless1)[g] [z] [d]2)[v] [h] [s]3)[m] [p] [b] [f] [v]4)[t] [d] [n] [l] [s] [z]5)[i:] [i] [u] [u:]1.voiced2. fricative3. labial4. alveolar5. high, vowelV. Transcribe the sound represented by the underlined letter(s) in the words and then describe it.Example: heat [i:] vowel front higha)photob)writec)card)actore)cityf)cityg)worryh)yesa)[f] voiceless labiodental fricativeb)[r] alveolar retroflex liquidc)[a:] low back voweld) [k] voiceless velar stope)[i] lax high front vowelf)[s] voiceless alveolar fricativeg)[w] labiovelar glideh) [j] palatal glideVI. Write the phonetic symbol that corresponds to the articulatory description.Example: vowel front high [i:]1bilabial nasal [m]2voiced labiovelar glide [w]3literal liquid [l]4voiced bilabial stop [b]5front high lax [i]VII. Pronounce the words key and core, ski and score, paying attention to the phoneme /k/. What difference do you notice between the first pair and the second pair in terms of the phonetic features of the voiceless velar stop?In pronouncing key, the voiceless velar stop is palatalized. In key and core, the stop is aspirated. In ski, the stop is also palatalized. In ski and score, the stop is unspirated. VIII. Consider the following words and answer the questions below:a)fingerb)disgracefulc)stepsisterd)psycholinguisticse)antidisestablishmentarianismi.Tell the number of morphemes in each word.ii.Underline the free morphemes in each word where possible to do so.i) a) one b) three c) two d) four e) sevenii)f)g)disgracefulh)stepsisteri)j)antidisestablishmentarianisIX. Identify the difference between a greenhouse and a green house, and the difference betweena sleeping car and a sleeping baby.1) a greenhouse, the stress is on green; a green house, the stress is on house.Greenhouse is a compound word; green house is a noun phrase.A greenhouse refers to a building with sides and roof of glass, used for growing plantsthat need protection from the weather, while a green house refers to a house whose color is green.2) a sleeping car, the stress is on sleeping; a sleeping boy, the stress is on boy.A sleeping car means a car in which one can sleep. A sleeping boy means a boy who is sleeping. X. Define the following term, giving examples for illustration:AllophoneAllophones are actual realizations of a phoneme in different phonetic contexts. For example, the [l], the dark [] in deal, and the voiceless [] in slight are the realizations of the phoneme /l/. [] appears after vowels, [] after voiceless consonants, and [l] elsewhere. The relation between the phoneme and its allophones can be shown in the following figure:XI. Draw tree diagrams for the following two sentences:1. A clever magician fooled the audience.2.The tower on the hill collapsed in the wind.3.They can fish.4.Pat found a book on Wall Street.5.I saw the man with a telescope.XII. Explain the ambiguity of the following sentences.a.This is a beautiful girl’s dress.b.Those who went there quickly made a fortune.c. A woman murderera. This is a dress for beautiful girls.This is a beautiful dress for girls.b. Those who quickly went there made a fortune.Those who went there made a fortune quickly.c. A female murderer A murderer who has murdered a womanXIII. Tell the process of word formation illustrated by the example and find as many words as you can that are formed in the same way.(1)flu(2)OPEC(3)Nobel(4)televise(5)better (v.)1. clipping2. acronyming3. eponyming4. back formation5. conversionXIV. How would you read the phrases in the two columns? What does each of them mean?Column I Column IIa. The White House a white houseb. a redcoat a red coatc. a bluebird a blue birdd. a lighthouse keeper a light housekeepera) The Whit House is a proper noun, which is the estate of the American government. Awhite house refers to a house which is painted white.b) A redcoat refers to a British soldier who is in red coat. A red coat means a coat whosecolor is red.c. A bluebird refers to a kind of bird. A blue bird means a bird whose feathers areblue.d. A lighthouse keeper refers a keeper who keeps lighthouse. A light housekeeper meansa housekeeper who is light.XV. Explain the relation between bank1(the side of a river) and bank2(the financial institute). The relation between bank1 and bank2 is homonymy. They are two words which have the same sound and spelling but different meanings.XVI. Identify the type of transitivity process in each of the following sentences.(1)John washed the car.(2)John likes the car.1. material2. mentalXVII.（答案略）二I.Indicate the following statements true or false. Put T for true and F for false in the brackets:( T ) 1. Pragmatics is concerned with speaker meaning.( F ) 2. The reference of a deixis to a preceding expression is technically termed cataphoric reference.II. Multiple Choice1.___ A _____ .2.___ B ___ .3. ___ C ___ .4. ___ B ___ .5. __ C ___ .6.___ A ___ .III. Tell the semantic relation within the given sentence and that between the two sentences.a)My uncle is male.b)The spinster is married.c)Jim is an orphan. Jim lives with his parents.d)Sam is the husband of Sally. Sally is the wife of Sam.e)He has gone to London. He has gone to England.a. tautologyb. contradictionc. inconsistencyd. entailmente. presupposition IV. Data Analysis:1.What is the illocution of A’s utterance in the following brief encounter?A: You are in a non-smoking zone, sir.B: Thanks (extinguishing the cigarette).2.What kind of pre-sequence is A’s first utterance? (Hint: A and B are two secretaries workingin the same office.)A: Are you going to be here long?B: You can go if you like.A: I’ll just be outside. Call me if you need me.B: OK.1. A wants to stop B from smoking there.2. Pre-requestV. Try to think of contexts in which the following sentences can be used for other purposes than just stating facts: 1. The room is messy.2. It would be good if she had a green skirt on1. A mild criticism of someone who should have cleaned the room.2. A request to someone to tidy up the circumstances.VI. Define the following term, giving examples for illustration:VarietyThe term variety is the label given to the form of a language used by any group of speakers or used in a particular field. A variety is characterized by the basic lexicon, phonology, syntax shared by members of the group. Varieties of a language are of four types: the standard variety, regional (geographical) dialects, sociolects (social dialects) and registers (functional varieties).VII. Give examples to illustrate gradable antonyms, complementary antonyms, and reversal antonyms.Gradable antonyms are pairs of words opposite to each other, but the positive of one word does not necessarily imply the negative of the other, or vice versa. A person who is not rich is not necessarily poor. Complementary antonyms are words opposite to each other and the positive ofone implies the negative of the other. Dead/alive, male/female, pass/fail, etc. are complementary antonyms. Reversal antonyms are words that denote the same relation or process from one or the other direction. Push/pull, come/go, ascend/descend, buy/sell, up/down in/out, employer/employee, husband/wife, are all reversal antonyms.VIII. Answer the following questions（答案略）。
语言学概论在线满分作业
单选题1.【第0~2章】下面几个判断中，（）是不正确的。
∙ A 语言符号是人类自己在一定的时期创造出来的∙ B 人类的语言是上帝或神赐予的∙ C 语言的社会性并不能阻碍各民族之间是真正沟通情感和思想∙ D 语言的文化属性是对使用不同语言的社会的历史文化价值的部分反映正确答案:B∙单选题2.【第0~2章】[p、t‘、b、k]在发音方法上的共同点是（）。
∙ A 清音∙ B 不送气音∙ C 塞音∙ D 擦音正确答案:C∙单选题3.【第0~2章】“老年化”这个词中（）。
∙ A 没有词干∙ B “年”是词干∙ C “老年”是词干∙ D “老年化”是词干正确答案:C∙单选题4.【第0~2章】历史比较语言学之前的语言研究属于（）∙ A 个别语言学∙ B 普通语言学∙ C 前语言学∙ D 语语言学正确答案:C∙单选题5.【第0~2章】广州话[ka:u]是“教”的意思，[kau]是“救”的意思，这种差异我们称之为（）。
∙ A 调位∙ B 重位∙ C 时位∙ D 音质音位正确答案:C∙单选题6.【第0~2章】根据词的来源特点，我们可以把词分为（）。
∙ A 基本词汇和一般词汇∙ B 古语词、方言词、外来词∙ C 单纯词、合成词∙ D 阶级习惯语、隐语、禁忌语正确答案:B∙单选题7.【第0~2章】音高主要决定于（）。
∙ A 发音体振动的振幅∙ B 发音体振动的频率∙ C 发音体振动的时间∙ D 发音体振动的声波形式正确答案:B∙单选题8.【第0~2章】发乐音时，（）。
∙ A 声门紧闭∙ B 声门打开∙ C 门关闭，气门大开∙ D 声门关闭，气流从声带间挤出，使声带颤动而发音正确答案:D∙单选题9.【第0~2章】英语“instinct”重音在前[′insti？kt]时是“本能”的意思；重音在后[ins′ti？kt]时是“充满”的意思。
这种现象在语音学上被看作（）。
∙ A 调位不同∙ B 重位不同∙ C 时位不同∙ D 重音法不同正确答案:B∙单选题10.【第0~2章】白菜、小鞋（指暗中刁难人的行为）、红花（中药名）等都是（）。
新编英语语法教程 第17讲练习参考答案
新编英语语法教程第17讲练习参考答案Ex. 17A1. can type2. can answer3. could never understand4. could solve5. (What you say) might be6. Shall I open…?7. will come8. Would you have…?9. will put 10. will sit 11. would hit 12. sould sit 13. Y ou should read 14. We must read 15. Y ou must not smoke 16. Can you do 17. Should we wait? 18. We need not attend 19. That will be 20. that must beEx. 17Ba) 1. needn’t (= don’t have to, don’t need to, haven’t got to)2. won’t have to3. didn’t have to (= didn’t need to)4. needn’t5. didn’t have to6. didn’t have to7. needn’t8. needn’t9. won’t have to10. needn’tb)11. Y ou had to…12. He wasn’t to…13. He wasn’t to…14. Y ou had to…15. He said I wasn’t to…16. They had to..17. We had to…18. I wasn’t to…19. He said you weren’t to…20. We had to…Ex. 17C1. should2. should3. Would, should4. would5. should6. would7. should, would8. should9. should 10. would, would 11. should 12. would, would 13. should 14. would, would 15. should 16. should 17. Should 18. would, should 19. would 20. should, should / wouldEx. 17D1.He may be doing his homework.2.She may have forgotten to call me back.3.Could you lend me 5 pounds until tomorrow?4.I wonder if I could leave now.5.It might rain this evening.6.Old Tom might have left San Diego.7.If it should rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.8.Y ou should do as he says.9.If you should change your mind, please let me know.10.I’m surprised that he should have an accident.11.Shall I go with you?12.Y ou shan’t answer her back again.13.Y ou must n’t violate the traffic regulations again.14.He must have got lost in the mountains.15.Y ou needn’t go and see him.16.Y ou needn’t have written to her.17.Y ou should have helped her.18.If you would change this car, I should be very grateful.19.Would you mind shutting the door?20.She shouldn’t have bought that house.21.It’s odd that she should say that.22.Don’t call him. He’ll be taking a nap.23.Don’t write to him. He won’t be home now.24.Don’t bother him. He will have heard the news.25.A lion will attack people only when hungry.26.What will you do after graduation?27.Mary ought to be home by now.28.Y ou oughtn’t to have bought a new car.29.He used to work in Shanghai, but now he is nowhere to be found.30.How dare you say that in the presence of the principal?Ex. 17E1.He may be working for Simons.2.He may have been working for Simons.3.He may be retiring next year.4.He won’t be working now.5.He’ll have heard it by now.6.They may have been wondering what to do.7.He can’t have lost it.8.They must be waiting.9.That might be true.10.She should be home by now.11.She may have left it at home.12.I may have been mistaken.13.Y ou must have been disappointed.14.She won’t have heard the news yet.15.There must have been a mistake.16.He won’t be there.17.He can’t be there.18.He couldn’t have made that mistake.19.Will this be the one you want?20.Y ou will have been wondering all this time how it works.Ex. 17F1. may2. might have3. may have4. possibly5. possible6. perhaps7. might8. can9. may have had 10. could 11. might be。
英语语言学教程参考答案
英语语言学教程参考答案在英语语言学教程中，我们深入探讨了语言学的多个方面，包括语音学、语法学、语义学、语用学、社会语言学和心理语言学等。
以下是一些常见问题及其参考答案的概述。
一、语音学1. 问题：什么是音素？答案：音素是语言中最小的音位单位，能够区分词义。
例如，在英语中，/p/和/b/是两个不同的音素，因为它们可以改变词义，如“pat”和“bat”。
2. 问题：什么是元音和辅音？答案：元音是气流在口腔中不受阻碍时发出的声音，如英语中的/i:/（长音“ee”）。
辅音则是气流在口腔或喉部受到部分或完全阻碍时发出的声音，如/p/、/t/、/k/。
二、语法学1. 问题：什么是句子成分？答案：句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等，它们共同构成句子的基本结构。
2. 问题：什么是时态和语态？答案：时态表示动作发生的时间，如过去时、现在时和将来时。
语态则表示动作的执行者和承受者之间的关系，如主动语态和被动语态。
三、语义学1. 问题：什么是词义？答案：词义是词在特定语境中所表达的意义。
它可以是直接的（字面意义）或隐喻的（比喻意义）。
2. 问题：什么是多义词和同形异义词？答案：多义词是一个词具有多个相关意义，如“bank”可以指银行或河岸。
同形异义词则是不同的词具有相同的拼写形式，但意义不同，如“bat”可以指球棒或蝙蝠。
四、语用学1. 问题：什么是言语行为？答案：言语行为是说话者通过语言实现的交际行为，如陈述、询问、请求、命令等。
2. 问题：什么是隐喻和转喻？答案：隐喻是一种将一个概念的属性应用到另一个概念上的修辞手法，如“时间是金钱”。
转喻则是用一个事物来代表与之相关的事物，如用“白宫”来指代美国政府。
五、社会语言学1. 问题：什么是方言和社会方言？答案：方言是某一地区或社会群体特有的语言变体。
社会方言是特定社会群体使用的语言形式，如青少年群体的俚语。
2. 问题：什么是语言变体和语言接触？答案：语言变体是语言在不同地区或社会群体中的不同表现形式。
奥鹏教育西交17春《英语1（新录）》在线作业
奥鹏教育西交17春《英语1（新录）》在线作业奥鹏教育西交17春（专科）《英语1（新录）》在线作业1. You'd sound a lot more polite if you make the request _________a question.A. in the form ofB. in terms ofC. on the basis ofD. in two minds about满分：4 分2. It's one thing to communicate with your friends on the phone, but it is quite another to_________a nice letter explainning the same ideas.A. conveyB. distributeC. inquireD. compose满分：4 分3. The way they talked ______ the problem seemed impossible.A. about settingB. to settleC. of settingD. about to settle满分：4 分4. She’s part of a team of scientists wh o are _________ upon cancer research.A. workedB. arrangedC. engagedD. involved满分：4 分5. This is the total cost of the holiday, ______ everything .A. taking inB. bringing inC. getting inD. calling in满分：4 分B. sleeping...campingC. to sleep...to campD. to sleep...camping满分：4 分7. The Spring Festival, like Christmas in western countries, is a holiday for family _________.A. amusementB. reunionC. entertainmentD. congratulation满分：4 分8. There's a lot of public _________ about dangerous toxins recently found in food.A. concernB. conceptC. conductD. conflict满分：4 分9. Catching sight of her old friend Tom, Lucy _________for him to come over and sit in a seat next to her.A. movedB. swayedC. signaledD. twisted满分：4 分10. How to create enough jobs for the laid-off workers is a(n) _________problem for which there is no simple solution.A. complexB. internalC. emergencyD. delicate满分：4 分11. He used to _____;I had ____ him to ____, though.A. smoking, advised, give up itB. smoke, persuade, give it up12. The shirt is _________in small, medium and large sizes.A. originalB. visibleC. availableD. delicate满分：4 分13. The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.A. don'tB. notC. will notD. not to满分：4 分14. “If nothing _________, all of us will be enjoying the best musical performance in the famous Sidney opera house by th is time tomorrow,” the guide told the tourists.A. is visibleB. is availableC. goes wrongD. messes around满分：4 分15. When he came, we had _______ the chairs for the meeting in rows of ten.A. set offB. set aboutC. set outD. set up满分：4 分16. — Can I get you a cup of tea? — _______________________.A. That’s very kind of you.B. With pleasure.C. You can, please.D. Thank you for the tea.满分：4 分17. He will soon_____ his disappointment and be quite cheerful again.D. get through满分：4 分18. This fire extinguisher is to be used only in case of _____A. urgencyB. crisisC. immediacyD. emergency满分：4 分19. It is _________of you to shelter the kids from bad movies that are likely to affect their healthy growth.A. sensibleB. humbleC. tediousD. reasonable满分：4 分20. My fish was delicious but Charles' beef had almost no ___________.A. sauceB. smellC. flavorD. appetite满分：4 分21. The negotiators believe that it is _________both parties to establish a joint venture in Shanghai.A. in the interest ofB. in response toC. for the reference ofD. grateful to满分：4 分22. ___________ travellers come to visit our city every year.A. Hundred ofB. Hundreds ofC. Five hundreds23. The cost of this building _________to be over a million.A. is estimatedB. estimatesC. has estimatedD. having been estimated满分：4 分24. _________the ground covered with ice, the road has become very slippery.A. WithB. OnC. AlongD. At满分：4 分25. I have been looking for this book for months, and _____ I have found it.A. at leastB. in no timeC. at lastD. at present。
《英语语言学》答案完整版
15.semantics
The study of the meaning of linguistic units, words and sentence in particular.
phonetics vs. Phonology
Production and characteristics of speech sound vs. How speech sound forms and abstract or mental aspect of it.
5. Arbitrariness
It is generally the case that there is no‘natural’connection between a linguistic form and its meaning.
6.Manner of articulation
It is the case that we describe the consonant sounds in terms of how they are articulated.
11.Back-formation
A word of one type is reduced to form another word of different type. For example, the word‘donation’first came into use and then the verb‘donate’was created from it.
On the other hand, soundless and abstract things have not been explained since a language cannot be only a set of words used as‘names’for entities.
华师17年3月课程考试英语语言作业考核试题
华中师范大学高等学历继续教育1703批次《英语语音》毕业考试试卷（A卷）☆注意事项：试卷总分值：100分；考试时刻：考试时刻：5-10分钟。
Part I. Please read the words from each group given below. (15%)（共 15 题，每题1分）1. pace base2. save safe3. police please4. low know5. lice nice6. where air7. speak start 8. steal skill 9. author although 10. pray brain 11. gray tree 12. year ear13. shrink threat 14. congratulation exaggeration15. park startPart II. Please read the phrases and words given below, and pay attention to the word stress. (15%)（共15题，每题1分）1. diligent2. cute3. reservation4. original5. fun6. perfect7. break8. resemble9. autograph10. ruin11. take it away 12. a matter of fact 13. work out 14. a cup of tea 15. stop nonsensePart III. Please read the following sentences, and pronounce the differences between italicized words. (30%)（共10题，每题3分）1.We walked early in the morning. / We worked early in the morning.2.You should ban it. / You should bang it.3.The tea fell on the floor. / The tear fell on the floor.4.Look! The moon is shining. What a lovely night!Look! The moon is shining. What a lovely light!5.He tried to put his head in the sack. / He tried to put his head in the sock.6.I only want some flowers. / I only want sun flowers.7.I want two combs, please. / I want two cones, please.8.The children were let out from school. / The children were late out fromschool.9.He tried to put his head in the sack. / He tried to put his head in the sock.10.The boos echoed loudly. / The booth echoed loudly.1. Their fathers and mothers rather like the weather there.2. She usually watches television for pleasure.3. The third girl with the curly hair is working hard.4. The lesson which gradually dawned on me was actually very simple. Every place has special meanings for the people in it, and in a certain sense every place represents the center of the word. The world has numerous such centers, and no one student or traveler can experience all of them. But once a conscious breakthrough to second center is made, a life-long perspective and collection can begin.This winter1. Where are you going for the vacation?2. What are you going to do there?3. Who are you going with?4. How long will you stay there?附：华中师范大学职业与继续教育学院201703批次英语专业《英语语音》课程考核说明一、语音的重要作用英语语音是英语专业学生区别于其它专业学生的外在专业素养表现，是英语专业学生必备大体功，代表一个语言学习者的语言形象。
大学英语(一)高起专17春在线作业1满分答案
B. are
C. be
D. been
满分：2.5分
正确答案:B
13. The company is going to hand ______ the free samples tomorrow.
A. up
B. out
C. on
D.down
满分：2.5分
正确答案:B
14. My sister didn’t go to the party last night because she ______ the baby for her friend until 9:30.
A. must have looked after
B. would have to look after
C. had to look after
D. should have looked after
满分：2.5分
正确答案:C
15. I wish I ______ to the movies with you last night.
A. was just asked
B. was just asking
大学英语（一）高起专17春在线作业1
试卷总分:100得分:100
一、单选题(共40道试题,共100分)abc
1. Sound is conducted through steel in the same manner ______.
A. as in air
B. as through air
C. as air does
正确答案:B
17. I was supposed to be a mathematics major, but I actually took ______ courses in physics, if not more.
东师英语语法一17春在线作业1
2017秋17春英语语法（一）17春在线作业1一、单项选择题（共 20 道试题，共 60 分。
）1. _______________ my letter?A. Had you postedB. Have you been postingC. Have you postedD. Have you been posted正确答案：2. Those flowers ( ) nice. What are they?A. smellB. smells正确答案：3. If I smoked less, my sore throat ( ) better.A. would beB. would have been正确答案：4. You won’t find Jerry at home right now. He ______ in the library.A. studiesB. is studyingC. studiedD. has studied正确答案：5. Look! Junko ______ into the water.A. jumpsB. is jumpingD. jumping正确答案：6. Tony is a keen golfer, but unfortunately he has ( ) ability.A. noB. none正确答案：7. Marbles ( ) in kind and quality.A. varyB. varies正确答案：8. They have ( ) money in the bank.A. muchB. many正确答案：9. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John ( ).A. sleepB. is sleeping正确答案：10. When Sarah got off the bus, it ( ) heavily.A. rainedB. was raining正确答案：11. I ( ) this film we're watching better if I spoke Russian, but we didn't study it at school.A. could understandB. can understand正确答案：12. She has a new car of __________she is very proud.A. whichC. thatD. whose正确答案：13. We ( ) the computer more if we hadn’t had such an old one.A. would have usedB. have used正确答案：14. We are going home tomorrow no matter ( ) it rains or not.A. howB. whether正确答案：15. Young as she is, the girl ______ count from zero to one hundred.A. mightB. willC. canD. should正确答案：16. Uncle Dick has arrived. Do you expect ______ to see him?A. goingB. goC. to goD. that you go正确答案：17. I had to fix my window because Mark _____________ it.A. had been breakingB. had brokenC. was breakingD. breaks正确答案：18. I found it strange _________ we could not understand each other.A. whyB. howC. thatD. where正确答案：19. Oh, dear. Can I help? I’m having ( ) trouble fixing this shelf.A. someB. many正确答案：20. He ( ) meat if it is too fatty.A. would have hatedB. hates正确答案：英语语法（一）17春在线作业1二、判定题（共 20 道试题，共 40 分。
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B. The casual style
C. The intimate style
D. Theformal style
满分：3分
正确答案:C
4. refers to the process through which people use language to classify the world around and inside them.
C. Eponyms
D. Blending
满分：3分
正确答案:A
14. The language used to talk about language is named .
A. special language
B. local language
C. metalanguage
D. human language
A. form
B. content
C. meaning
D. construction
满分：3分
正确答案:C
11. _________ are a fundamental unit of conversational structure.
A. back-channel signals
B. adjacency pairs
B. nationality
C. age
D. learning strategy
满分：3分
正确答案:B
9. _____ is an expression which substitutes one which may be seen as disturbing or offensive to the addressee.
满分：3分
正确答案:C
15. ____ is a typical tone language.
A. English
B. Japanese
C. Chinese
D. Ko What maxis of the cooperative principle does the following sentence flout? A: Is Don Regan, the White House chief of staff, a feudist? B: Don Regan, 66, is not a feudist, but he is not as well as his predecessor [James] Baker. Somehow, the adjective“ruthless”invariably arises when Regan discussed.
A. Taboo
B. Euphemism
C. Implicature
D. An indirect illocution
满分：3分
正确答案:B
10. The meaning of compounds is not always the sum of ____ of the components. A green bottle is not a type of bottle; it is a kind of fly.
C. pre-sequences
D. insertion sequences
满分：3分
正确答案:B
12. Free morphemes were traditionally called roots, and bound morphemes _________.
A. prefixes
B. suffixes
C. all the fricatives and liquids
D. all the fricatives, liquids and glides
满分：3分
正确答案:D
7. __________ is defined as the study of meaning.
A. linguistics
B.semantics
A. Arbitrariness
B. Duality
C. Creativity
D. Displacement
满分：3分
正确答案:C
6. __________ specifies the feature of [+continuant] .
A. all the fricatives
B. all the fricatives and glides
A. Theconsultative style
B. The casual style
C. The intimate style
D. The formal style
满分：3分
正确答案:C
3. ______ is used between very close friends and family members.
C. affixes
D. inflectional morphemes
满分：3分
正确答案:C
13. ______ is a process that puts an existing word of one class into another class.
A. Conversion
B. Abbreviation
英语语言学17春在线作业1
试卷总分:100得分:100
一、单选题(共20道试题,共60分)abc
1. Syntactically, English is an example of ____ language.
A. SVO
B. SOV
C. VSO
D. VOS
满分：3分
正确答案:A
2. _____ is used between family members and very close friends.
A. Approach
B. Categorization
C. Prototype
D. Cognition
满分：3分
正确答案:B
5. refers to the fact that language provides opportunities for sending messages that have never been sent before and for understanding novel messages.
C. morphology
D. pragmatics
满分：3分
正确答案:B
8. Except _________, the followings are acknowledged as important factors in second language acquisition.
A. motivation