工程硕士研究生英语A卷
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程详解答案(英译汉部分unit1-15)
工程硕士研究生英语基础教程(英译汉Unit1-15)Unit 1A.1.Two noted Americans explain why it’s not what you earn-it’s what you learn.两位美国名人解释为什么不是你所挣的而是你所学的更重要。
2.I have never thought I was better than anyone else, but I have always believed I couldn’t be outworked.我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活儿别人都赶不上。
3.Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.看着存款数增加比我当时原本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。
4. I took a genuine interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup ideas.我发自内心地关心她们的问题，并能理解她们的愿望，给她们出些该如何化妆的点子。
5. I ended up selling a record amount of cosmetics.结果我创下了化妆品销售量的最好成绩。
Unit2A.1. With the click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the extremely fast speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second.要用鼠标点一下，在地球另一端的信息马上就会以每秒钟绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。
03研究生英语水平测试A卷(含答案)
English Qualification Examination PaperFor the Postgraduates of Information Engineering UniversityPaper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 25 points)Section 1:Directions: In this section, you are going to listen to an IT professional discussing the dangers of the internet. Before you listen, look at questions one to ten. The conversation will be read only once.Questions 1--7Complete the table below. Write no more than three words for each answer.Questions 8--10Choose the correct letters A-C.8. What do email service providers do to protect you?A. issue expensive phone billsB. provide filter functionsC. provide an identity9. How do offenders avoid detection?A. They take a lot from many people.B. They take a little from one person.C. They take a little from many people.10. Who can you seek for assistance?A. the victimsB. institutions and organizationsC. an internet officeSection 2: PassagesDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Passage 111. A. How babies differentiate between the sound of the human voice and other sounds.B. The differences between a baby’s and an adult’s ability to comprehend language.C. How babies perceive and respond to the human voice in their early stages of languagedevelopment.D. The response of a baby to sounds other than the human voice.12. A. To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds.B. To give examples of sounds that will cause a baby to cry.C. To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds.D. To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like.13. A. Babies who are exposed to more than one language can acquire language earlier than thoseto a single language.B. Mothers from different cultures speak to their babies in a similar way.C. The mothers observed by the researchers were consciously teaching their babies to speak.D. Babies ignore facial expressions in comprehending their parents’ language.14. A. They understand the rhythm.B. They enjoy the sounds of them.C. They can remember them easily.D. They focus on their parents’ work.Passage 215. A. The new system the immigration office hasB. The tips for applicants to line upC. The information immigrants have to provideD. The procedure applicants have to obey16. A. They are scared of the thieves.B. They are more careful than before.C. They are afraid of being sent back home.D. There are no thieves now.17. A. They start lining up outside the building at 6:00 p.m.B. They can finish their application in an hour.C. They have to make an appointment 15 minutes before.D. 40 applicants can be processed in an hour.Passage 318. A. It won’t have any side-effectB. It can be as effective as conventional treatmentsC. It can kill drug-resistant tumoursD. It can stop cancer cells from spreading in the body19. A. How to strengthen the body’s immune systemB. How to inject viruses directly into tumoursC. How to allow viruses to do what chemotherapy drugs doD. How to find a way to deliver viruses to tumours effectively20. A. To use it to cure 75% of the patients with malignant cancersB. To apply it to treat all kinds of cancersC. To make it accepted by the patients with incurable cancersD. To apply it to those with secondary cancersSection 3: Compound DictationDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.From a personal 21. _______, to doing searches on the Internet, to the autopilot function, simple artificial intelligence, or AI, has been around for some time, but is quickly getting more 22. _______ and more intelligent.“If we are going to make systems that are going to be more intelligent than us, it’s absolutely essential for us to understand how to absolutely 23. _______ that they only do things that we are happy with.”Computer science professor Stuart Russell says, many present-day jobs that are labor 24. _______, or require data analysis, such as in the financial industry, will be replaced by machines with artificial intelligence.“But if we replaced all the jobs that require human physical labor and then we replace all the jobs that require human mental labor, then you have to ask about what, what’s left?”Guruduth Banavar of IBM sees a future in which new jobs skills will be 25. _______.“The future will require everybody to work with these learning reasoning machines. So I think the skill set for many of these jobs will end up being different in the future.”Russell envisions that AI will change the economy and the 26. _______life.“Most people will be employed, possibly even self-employed, in providing 27. _______ personal services to other human beings, that we won’t have mass employment in manufacturing or in financial services. The kinds of scenarios where there is a giant factory or a giant office building with thousands of people doing the same thing will go away.”Artificial intelligence is already transforming the health care industry. AI can process huge 28. _______ data and have the most up-to-date research to help doctors diagnose and treat patients. IBM’s Watson 29. _______________________________________________________ in North and South America, Europe and Asia.“The difference between going to a doctor who has Wats on versus not having Watson is very big, because when you go to a doctor today you might find somebody who is 10 years out of date.”But there is also a dangerous side of artificial intelligence-autonomous weapons out of drone technology .“The risk with a utonomous weapons is that people will use them as a kind of poor man’s weapon of mass destruction-a poor man’s nuclear weapon.”Russell says 30. _______________________________________________ to ban this type of weapon.“It is a race against time because the weapons are starting to emerge, the research is moving into development, development is moving into production.”While it is up for debate whether artificial intelligence will hurt or benefit mankind, researchers say, it is a fact that 31. __________________________________________________ many aspects of life.Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 15 points)AI-spyARTIFICIAL intelligence (AI) is barging its way into business. As our special report this week explains, firms of all types are harnessing AI to forecast demand, hire workers and deal with customers. In 2017 companies spent around $22bn on AI related mergers and acquisitions, about 26 times more than in 2015. The McKinsey Global Institute, a think-tank, reckons that just applying AI to marketing, sales and supply chains could create economic value, including profits and efficiencies, of $2.7trn over the next 20 years. Google’s boss has gone so far as to declare that AI will do more for humanity than fire or electricity.Such forecasts kindle anxiety as well as hope. Many fret that AI could destroy jobs faster than it creates them. Barriers to entry from owning and generating data could lead to a handful of dominant firms in every industry.Less familiar, but just as important, is how AI will transform the workplace. Using AI, managers can gain extraordinary control over their employees. Amazon has patented a wristband that tracks the hand movements of warehouse workers and uses vibrations to make them more efficient. Workday, a software firm, sums up around 60 factors to predict which employees will leave. Humanyze, a startup, sells smart ID cards that can track employees around the office and reveal how well they interact with colleagues.Surveillance at work is nothing new. Factory workers have long clocked in and out; bosses can already see what idle workers do on their computers. But AI makes surveillance worthwhile, because every bit of data is potentially valuable. Few laws govern how data are collected at work, and many employees unguardedly consent to surveillance when they sign their employment contract. Where does all this lead?Start with the benefits. AI ought to improve productivity. Slack, a workplace messaging app, helps managers assess how quickly employees accomplish tasks. Companies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.Employees will gain, too. Thanks to strides in computer vision, AI can check that workers are wearing safety gear and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor. Some will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better.Machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them. That starts with hiring. People often have biases but algorithms, if designed correctly, can be more impartial. Software can mark patterns that people might miss. Textio, a startup that uses AI to improve job descriptions, has found that women are likelier to respond to a job that mentions “developing” a team rather than “managing” one. Algor ithms will pick up differences in pay between genders and races, as well as sexual harassment and racism that human managers consciously or unconsciously overlook.Yet AI’s benefits will come with many potential drawbacks. Algorithms may not be free of the biases of their programmers. They can also have unintended consequences. The length of a commute may predict whether an employee will quit a job, but this focus may inadvertently harm poorer applicants. Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity.And surveillance may make us feel being controlled. People have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives. Companies are starting to monitor how much time employees spend on breaks. Veriato, a software firm, goes so far as to track and log every keystroke employees make on their computers in order to judge how committed they are to their company. Firms can use AI to sift through not just employ ees’ professional communications but their social-media profiles, too.Some people are better placed than others to stop employers going too far. If your skills are in demand, you are more likely to be able to resist than if you are easy to replace. Paid-by-the-hour workers in low-wage industries such as retailing will be especially vulnerable. That could fuel a revival of labour unions seeking to represent employees’ interests and to set norms. Even then, the choice in some jobs will be between being replaced by a robot or being treated like one.As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to guide its spread. First, data should be anonymised where possible. Microsoft, for example, has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office, but gives managers information only in aggregated form. Second, the use of AI ought to be transparent. Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their work places and which data are being gathered. As a matter of routine, algorithms used by firms to hire, fire and promote should be tested for bias and unintended consequences. Last, countries should let individuals request their own data, whether they are ex-workers wishing to contest a dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.The march of AI into the workplace calls for trade-offs between privacy and performance. A fairer, more productive workforce is a prize worth having, but not if it restricts and dehumanizes employees. Striking a balance will require thought, a willingness for both employers and employees to adapt, and a strong dose of humanity.Section A: Questions 32-36 (5×1=5 points)Directions: Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In blanks 32-36 on your answer sheet, chooseA for TRUE if the statement agrees with the information.B for FALSE if the statement contradicts the information.C for NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.32.Google’s boss has gone too far to declare that AI will do more for humanity than fi re orelectricity.33.People are worried that with the development of AI, every industry will be controlled by onlya few companies because obstacles exist in owning and generating data.34.Many employees disagree with the surveillance when they sign their employment contract.35.Algorithms, if designed correctly, can entirely avoid biases in workplace.bour unions seeking to represent employe es’ inte rests oppose the application of AI inworkplace.Section B: Questions 37-44 (8×1=8 points)Directions: Complete the summary below. Write ONE WORD ONL Y from the passage for each blank. Write your answers in blanks 37-44 on your answer sheet.37.Predictions on AI brought us not only _______, but also hope.38.__________ at work has existed for a long time. For example, time recorders are widely usedin factories and offices; workers are observed by their bosses on computers.39.Machines can help ensure _________ in pay rises and promotions if algorithms are designedcorrectly.40.If your skills are not in demand, you will be especially _________, and are less likely to beable to resist the surveillance.41.In ________ the pros and cons of AI in the workplace, three principles ought to be consideredto guide its spread.42.To keep personal privacy, data should be __________ where possible.43.Individuals should be allowed to _______ their own data, no matter they are ex-workers orjobseekers.44.The application of AI in the workplace calls for a _________ between privacy and efficiency.Section C: Question 45 (2 points)Directions: Paraphrase the following sentence. Write your answer in the blank 45 on your answer sheet.45. The choice in some jobs will be between being replaced by a robot or being treated like one.______________________________________________________________________________ ———————————————————————————————————————Part III. Translation (40 minutes, 20 points)Section A (20 minutes, 10 points)46.Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on the Answer Sheet.A claim more often made by mathematicians is that mathematics is one of the finest flowerings of the human spirit, a temple of enduring knowledge built piece by piece over the ages. But if so it is a temple with few worshipers, unknown to most of humankind. Mathematics plays no role in mass culture, it cannot evoke the emotions and inspire the awe that music and sculpture do, it is not a significant companion in the lives of more than a very few. And yet it is worth asking whether mathematics is essentially remote, or merely poorly communicated. Perhaps it is a remediable ignorance, not an inability that now limits appreciation and enjoyment of mathematics by a wider audience.Section B(20 minutes, 10 points)47.Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English. Write your English version on the Answer Sheet.物联网是由物理对象，例如：设备、车辆和建筑等等，连接而成的网络。
2019级硕士研究生学位英语测试精读试题(A卷)
2009级硕士研究生学位英语测试试题（精读部分）I. Vocabulary (10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each one is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.1. Believe it or not, this popular novel now you see on every shelf was censored only a few years ago.A. officially examined and bannedB. despised by the general publicC. sold out soon after its publicationD. condemned by the critics2. The music of the radio distracted me from my reading.A. engrossedB. confusedC. refrainD. diverted3. High rate of unemployment and violence are deplored by many people.A. condemnedB. convincedC. declaredD. perpetuated4. I have nothing but disdain for such a person.A. respectB. hatredC. dislikeD. contempt5. They feared the plague and regarded it as a deadly scourge.A. punishmentB. illnessC. troubleD. ailment6. The retiring professor was exalted by his colleague.A. criticizedB. honoredC. driven outD. examined7. They found substantial evidence that exposure to nerve gas was responsible for the veterans’symptoms.A. contactB. betrayalC. exhibitionD. publication8. It would be a way of preserving animals that are dying out because their habitat is beingdestroyed.A. mateB. prayC. territoryD. enemy9. The vast crowd burst into spontaneous cheering at ht skillful play.A. earnestB. volcanicC. heartyD. automatic10. The majority of prospective adoptive parents use an adoption agency, while others consultadoption facilitators in the United States.A. confidentB. justifiedC. sensibleD. potentialSection B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each one is a sentence with something missing. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.11. It is a long time since we’ve been _____________; I hope everything goes as well as lasttime.A. united upB. brought upC. teamed upD. picked up12. In many countries now, smoking is not _____________ in public places.A. permissiveB. permissibleC. permutableD. pernicious13. These demands ______________ the agreements we have reached.A. run away fromB. go against toC. go counter toD. act counter from14. He made a _____________ speech that caused a great deal of argument.A. successfulB. touchingC. provocativeD. hostile15. He seems purposefully to _____________ the importance of the deal.A. look downB. ignoreC. overlookD. play down16. I can’t understand the ______________ of anyone who would do a terrible thing like that.A. mentalityB. powerC. intelligenceD. function17. Because of ________________ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting alongwith each other.A. incomprehensibleB. incomparableC. inconceivableD. incompatible18. New York probably has the largest number of different language _____________ in theworld.A. neighborhoodsB. communitiesC. clustersD. assemblies19. As ____________ China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen anti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.A. in the light ofB. in the event ofC. in the case ofD. in the course of20. According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers ____________ better thinkers thanheavy drinkers or those who never drink.A. end upB. take upC. put upD. turn upII. Reading Comprehension (10 points)Directions: In this part of the test, there are two short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.Passage OneWhere anyone reaching the age of 60 was considered to the near death’s door at the turn of the 20th century, it is barely old enough for retirement at the turn of the 21st century. And scientists are still not holding back. They say that as new anti-ageing treatments become available, our species will get even older. While few would argue that living longer is an attractive idea, the rapid increase in the number of years begs a question: Can our health expectancy be as close as possible to our life expectancy?Predictions for future health expectancy have changed over the past few decades. In the 1980s, life expectancy was increasing but the best data suggested that for every increased year of life expectancy, a greater fraction was disabled life expectancy. What we would see was a piling up of chronic illness and related disability which medical science couldn’t prevent.But that world view changed suddenly in the early 1900s with the publication of a study by researchers at Duke University, who had been following the health of 20,000 people for almosta decade. They showed that disability among the elderly was not only dropping, but it was doing so at an ever-increasing rate.Arlan Richardson, director of the Barshop Institute for Ageing and Longevity research, predicts that understanding the mechanisms behind calorie restriction and other genetic reasons behind ageing could be used within the next two decades to give people several extra healthy years of life. Restrict how much an animal eats, for example, and it will live longer. In lab experiments, rats on calorie-restricted diets were found to be physiologically younger, got diseases later in life and, at any rate, had less severe cases. “From the models that have been looked at, the increase in lifespan is usually in the range of 15-30% maximum,”says Richardson. Cutting calories is thought to trigger a switch in an animal’s behavior from normal to a state of stasis in which growth and ageing are temporarily put on hold. When food becomes available again, the animal’s behavior switches back.Richardson says that thinking about stopping ageing is a “little bit silly” at the moment but doesn’t dismiss it altogether, arguing that none of the illnesses related to ageing should be inevitable. Start with a high-quality body (and that means eating your greens, not smoking and doing lots of exercise in your younger days) and you can keep it going for longer with high quality maintenance. “It’ll be the difference between a Rolls-Royce and a cheap car.”21. It can be seen from the first paragraph that people have doubts on whether _____A. it is possible to live a longer and healthy life.B. humans can live as long as scientists predict.C. living longer is still considered a good idea.D. new anti-ageing treatments are safe for human.22. In the 1980s, the data on people’s health expectancy____A. gave an optimistic prediction.B. showed an unclear future.C. led to a pessimistic perceptionD. turned out to be a mixed blessing.23. In the lab experiment on rats, __________A. food restriction is not the only factor proved to have worked.B. responses to food restriction vary from animal to animal.C. the animals’ lifespan increases with the amount of food eatenD. different amounts of food cause a change in the animals’ behaviour24. Richardson believes that _____A. it is impossible for humans to stop ageing.B. it is worthwhile to talk about stopping ageing.C. stopping ageing is a dream that may come true.D. illness is the biggest obstacle to stopping ageing.25. Rolls-Royce is used to convey the idea that ____A. quality life is out of reach for most people.B. quality life can slow down the process of ageing.C. how long one can live depends on the genes one carried.D. the more money one invests in health, the healthier one will be.Passage TwoWeary after centuries of fighting the surging North Sea from gushing into this low-lying nation, the Netherlands is rethinking how to keep Dutch feet dry.The traditional method of stopping flood water has been to build dikes. But at the Second World Water Forum, a five-day conference that was 10 start today in The Hague, Dutch water experts were to explain that the best way to handle the water may be to let it in.In the Netherlands —half of which lies below sea level —the Ministry of Water Management has designated several low-lying regions as "calamity flood plains" that would be used in emergencies to divert floodwaters from populated areas, spokesman Hans Scholten said.Referring to the fable of a Dutch boy named Hans Brinker who saved the nation from disaster by plugging a hole in the sea barrier. Undersecretary for Water Management Monique de Vries said: "Hans Brinker will have to take his finger out of the dike and pull on his galoshes."Although the country has built dikes and reclaimed land since the Middle Ages, repeatedflooding of farmland in recent years and high maintenance costs have led to a rethinking about the old methods."Sometimes it doesn't make sense to ignore the processes of nature," said Bert Blase, spokesman for an association of regional water boards. "Hooding certain nature reserve areas every few years would be good for the environment."Pan of the plan involves widening river beds to allow larger volumes of water to How to the sea. Although it is still unclear how much land could eventually be allocated to the project — some inhabitants would have to be relocated — large areas of the eastern Dutch province of Gclderland have been labeled as suitable.While flooding is a serious threat to die Dutch, global warming could expose many more in this country of 15 million to drought and water pollution if governments do not take drastic measures, conference organizers have warned.More than 3.500 delegates from 150 countries will attend the conference, the follow-up to the first global water congress, which was held in Marrakech, Morocco, two years ago.With one-sixth of the world's population lacking clean drinking water, forum organizers have called for annual global spending on water problems to be more than doubled from about $70 billion or $80 billion to $180 billion.In the closing stages of the conference, ministers from more than 100 countries will meet to discuss sustainable water for the world's growing population and farmers who grow crops for mass consumption.26. What is the new idea the experts put forward to keep Dutch feet dry?A. To build more powerful damsB. To let the sea water in the insideC. To ignore the process of natureD. To flood certain nature reserves27. Hans Brinker is known as a national hero________.A. in Dutch history who succeeded in diverting floodwater from the populated areasB. who look his finger out of the dike and built a sea barrierC. who pulled his finger on his galoshes and saved the nation from being drownedD. a legend who saved the nation by stopping the sea flood in28. Which of the following is NOT included in the forth-coming Dutch project in saving the nation from possible sea floods?A. To designate some low-lying regions as "calamity flood plains".B. To let the sea flood certain nature reserve areas every few years.C. To broaden some river beds to allow more river water to flow to the sea.D. To expose many more areas of the country to drought or flood.29. All the following are the topics to be discussed in the Second World Water ForumEXCEPT________.A. how to divert floodwaters from the populated areas of HollandB. how to reduce water pollution and provide more healthy drinking water for the growingpopulationC. how to help farmers to keep on the sustainable agriculture by watering their crops timelyD. how to take measures to slow down the ever-accelerating global warming-up tendency30. The best way to paraphrase the sentence "Sometimes it doesn't make sense to ignore theprocess of nature" is_________.A. Sometimes it's no use ignoring the process of natureB. In some cases man can and must neglect the law of natureC. It would often be harmful for Man to go against the process of natureD. Man must always follow the way of how things are going onIII. Translation (20 points)Section A (10 points)Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese.Perhaps it’s not quite right to call the iPhone revolutionary. It won’t create a new market or change the entertainment industry the way the iPod did. When you get right down to it, thedevice doesn’t even have that many new features –it’s not like Jobs invented voice mail, or text messaging, or conference calling or mobile Web browsing. He just noticed that they were broken, and he fixed them.Section B (10 points)Directions: Put the following paragraph into English.没有盼头的日子是苍白不可想象的。
硕士研究生英语学位真题2016年12月(A)
硕士研究生英语学位真题2016年12月(A)(总分：99.15，做题时间：150分钟)一、PAPER ONEPART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：9，分数：9.00)（分数：5.00）A.There are many gas stations.B.There are few gas stations.C.There are various risks.D.There are few cars on the road.（分数：4.00）A.She doesn't trust the man.B.She needs the man's help.C.The man is trust-worthy.D.The man is late for school.三、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Mini-talk One(总题数：3，分数：3.00)（分数：3.00）A.In designing a perfect school curriculum.B.In promoting the physical health of kids.C.In reading classical literary works.D.In the intellectual development of kids.五、Mini-talk Two(总题数：3，分数：3.00)（分数：3.00）A.36%.B.60%.C.83%.D.90%.六、Section C(总题数：5，分数：5.00)(1). You should look for day care centers that provide..., along with a safe and 1 (2 words).（分数：0.83）填空项1:__________________(2). You want your child to be happy and comfortable, which is your 1 (2 words).（分数：0.83）填空项1:__________________(3). ...any good day care center is going to encourage 1 (2 words) between the children.（分数：0.83）填空项1:__________________(4). Whatever your option, 1 (2 words) that you know who you are leaving your child with.（分数：0.83）填空项1:__________________(5). Once you have done all this, you can feel more 1 (3 words) in knowing that....（分数：0.83）填空项1:__________________七、PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：10，分数：5.00)5. Studies on cats have helped illuminate some of the abilities of our mysterious housemates.（分数：0.50）A.lightenB.obscureC.explainD.cherish6. The application of renewable sources of energy can be optimized through sophisticated analytics.（分数：0.50）A.conventionalB.expensiveC.exhaustiveD.advanced7. Lung cancer is the UK's biggest cancer killer, claiming more than 35,000 lives a year.（分数：0.50）A.savingB.takingC.demandingD.producing8. This girl has acquired an intense desire to study medicine in order to become a clinical doctor.（分数：0.50）A.strongB.sharpC.shrewdD.shrinking9. World peace requires that the UN resolutions have to be carried out in a strict manner.（分数：0.50）A.behaviorB.fashionC.aspectD.politeness10. The government of China has been backing up the resumption of the six-party talk on DPRK.（分数：0.50）A.relocatingB.condemningC.supportingD.pledging11. Some stereotypes of the Chinese persist in the United States because of the large number of negative reports.（分数：0.50）A.endureB.vanishC.insistD.deteriorate12. Most of the third-year students in our laboratory are occupied with experiments.（分数：0.50）A.are bored withB.are crazy aboutC.are busy withD.are casual about13. The girl spoke at length about her experiences as a volunteer teacher at a high school in Yunnan Province.（分数：0.50）A.at randomB.in detailC.at lastD.for sure14. After the marathon race, some athletes are too fatigued to answer the reporter's questions.（分数：0.50）A.wiped outB.figured outid outD.worn out九、Section B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)15. Treatments that ______ the immune system have shown great promise against some forms of cancer.（分数：0.50）A.proceedB.erodeC.harnessD.precede16. A year ago there were slightly more ______ than jobseekers, but now there are twice as many openings.（分数：0.50）A.vacuumsB.vacanciesC.vacationsD.vocations17. Dogs seem to experience separation anxiety, which also indicates that they feel ______ to their owners.（分数：0.50）A.hostilityB.objectionC.relianceD.attachment18. Previous research has shown that there are immediate ______ benefits from eating chocolate.（分数：0.50）A.cognitiveB.imaginativeC.creativepetitive19. A discovery into the genetic makeup of tumors may deliver therapies that are ______ to individual patients.（分数：0.50）A.entitledB.affiliatedC.tailoredD.obliged20. A major obstacle ______ English learning is the profound influence of the mother tongue.（分数：0.50）A.forB.onC.toD.over21. As the vote will be ______ in favor of the Democratic Party, Hillary Clinton is getting near to the presidency.（分数：0.50）A.deliberatelyB.overwhelminglyC.conscientiouslyD.crudely22. It takes courage to ______ all the opposition to the decision to have these corrupt officials arrested.（分数：0.50）A.break downB.turn downC.let downD.shut down23. One choice has to ______ another when you are making a decision as to which college to attend.（分数：0.50）A.be oriented toB.be indulged inC.be coupled withD.be weighed against24. This company is constantly looking for ways to improve services ______ different customers.（分数：0.50）A.on behalf ofB.in case ofC.by means ofD.with a view to十、PART Ⅲ CLOZE TEST(总题数：10，分数：10.00)Free schools are flourishing in the UK. More than 400 free schools have either opened or been approved to open across England 1 . These schools have been made possible by the hundreds of teachers, parents and charities working in their own time to go through a 2 application process to bring their 3 of a new school tolife. 4 these schools proving so popular, parents and groups continue to come forward in significant numbers to set them up. The government's commitment to expand the program with another new 500 schools is 5 a logical next step.Importantly these schools are already making a(n) 6 to the education of thousands of pupils around the country. Over 70% of those inspected have been judged good or outstanding by inspectors, and 7 they are being opened where they are most needed. There are far more free schools in 8 local communities than in wealthy neighborhoods. Obviously free schools can play a role in 9 the current shortage of school places. For free schools to continue to have the biggest impact, they must be allowed to bring in new ideas and challenge existing schools in areas where low 10 have been accepted for far too long.（分数：10.00）A.by farB.so farC.in turnD.at first十一、PART Ⅳ READING COMPREHENSION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Passage One(总题数：6，分数：6.00)The death of Harambe, the endangered lowland gorilla (大猩猩) shot at the Cincinnati Zoo after a 4-year-old crawled through a barrier and fell into his enclosure, was a shocking event. After such a tragedy, it seems someone must be blamed, but fingers are pointed in the wrong direction.Many in the animal protection community suggest that Harambe wasn't a threat to the boy. Gorillas tend not to be aggressive, and if Harambe wanted to hurt the child, he could have done so immediately, not after playing with this curious creature for 10 minutes.Did the gorilla care staff do enough to separate Harambe from the child? If they could lure the female gorillas away, why not Harambe? Some activists are calling the killing of Harambe an act of cowardice by incompetent zoo employees. Others are arguing that the boy's mother is to blame. How could she let her child fall into a wild-animal enclosure? How long did she let her child wander unsupervised before he got through the barriers? Some people suggest that she be deemed legally negligent and charged with causing the death of an endangered animal.For me, the real question is not who to blame, but why anyone was in a situation in which they had to make a choice between the life of a human child and the life of an endangered teenage gorilla. Keeping wild animals in captivity is detrimental to their health. This tragic choice arose only because we keep animals in zoos. So why have zoos?One of the reasons often given is that zoos protect endangered wild animals. A few zoos, including the Cincinnati Zoo, do fund conservation efforts that are praiseworthy, but captive animals, especially large mammals born in captivity, like Harambe, cannot be "returned to the wild." These sensitive, smart, long-lived gorillas are destined to remain confined, never to experience the freedom of the wild. They are, at best, symbols meant to represent their wild counterparts. Zoos distort our understanding of these wonderful beings and perpetuate the notion that they are here for our purposes.If we really need someone to blame, maybe we should look at our society, which supports these types of institutions of captivity. If zoos were more like shelters where captive animals are treated with respect, free from screaming crowds and external dangers, no one would have had to decide to kill Harambe. Kids could see gorillas in cinemas, where their curiosity could be safely satisfied.Many of the animal conservationists believe that Harambe ______.（分数：6.00）A.should have lived in the wildB.posed a threat to the boy's lifeC.should not have been killedD.was not interested in this boy十三、Passage Two(总题数：6，分数：6.00)Julie Lythcott-Haims noticed a disturbing trend during her decade as the former dean of freshmen at Stanford University. Incoming students were brilliant and accomplished and virtually flawless, on paper. But with each year, more of them seemed incapable of taking care of themselves.At the same time, parents were becoming increasingly involved in their children's lives. They talked to their children multiple times a day and rushed in to personally intervene whenever something difficult happened.Lythcott-Haims came to believe that parents in wealthy communities have been hindering their children by trying so hard to protect the children from any disappointment, failure and hardship. Such "over-helping" might assist children in developing impressive résumés for college applications, but it also deprives them of the chance to learn who they are, what they love and how to navigate the world, she argues in her book."We want so badly to help them by shepherding them from milestone to milestone and by shielding them from failure and pain. But over-helping is devastating," she writes. "It can leave young adults without the strengths of skill, will and character that are needed to know themselves and to craft a life.""Don't call me a parenting expert," she said in an interview. "I'm interested in humans' thriving, and it turns out that over-parenting is getting in the way."She cites statistics on the rise of depression and other mental health problems among the young people. She has seen the effects up close: she lives in a community that, following a string of suicides in the past year, has undertaken a period of soul-searching about what parents can do to stem the pressure that young people face.Her book tour is taking her to more school auditoriums and parent groups than bookstores. She tells stories about over-involvement and shares statistics about problems in young people, which she hopes will spark change incommunities where helicopter parents are making themselves and their children miserable."Our job as a parent is to put ourselves out of a job," she said. "We need to know that our children are able to get up in the morning and take care of themselves."And how can parents help their children become serf-sufficient? Teach them the skills they'll need in real life and make sure they practice those skills on their own. And have them do chores. "Chores build a sense of accountability. They build life skills and a work ethic," she said.According to this passage, many students failed to take care of themselves ______.（分数：6.00）A.because of excessive school assignmentsB.due to low IQ and limited book knowledgeC.for lack of skills needed in real lifeD.for lack of care and love from parents十四、Passage Three(总题数：6，分数：6.00)Teams have become the basic building—blocks of organizations. Recruitment ads routinely call for "team players". Business schools grade their students in part on their performance in group projects. Office managers knock down walls to encourage team-building. Numerous companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on it, and restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.Companies are abandoning functional silos and organizing employees into cross-disciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or customers, with more power to run their own affairs and more time to work with each other rather than reporting upwards. A network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy.However, teams are not always the answer—teams may provide more insight, creativity and knowledge, but teamwork may also lead to confusion, delay and poor decision-making.It is noted that teams are hindered by problems of coordination and motivation that erode the benefits of collaboration. High-flyers forced to work in teams may be undervalued and free-riders empowered. Groupthink may be unavoidable. Less than 10% of the supposed members agree on who exactly is on the team. Agreeing on its purpose is harder.Profound changes in the workforce are making teams trickier to manage. Teams work best if their members have a strong common culture. This is hard to achieve when, as is now the case in many big firms, a large proportion of staff are temporary contractors. Teamwork improves with time: 73% of the incidents in a civil-aviation database occurred on a crew's first day of flying together.Companies need to think harder about managing teams to keep teams small and focused. A new study finds that the best way to ensure employees are "engaged" is to give them more control over where and how they do their work—which may mean liberating them from having to do everything in collaboration with others.However, organizations need to ask themselves whether teams are the best tools for the job. Team-building skills are in short supply: Deloitte reports that only 12% of the executives understand the way people work together in networks and only 21% feel capable of building cross-functional teams. Slackly managed teams can become hotbeds of distraction—employees routinely complain that they can't get their work done because they are forced to spend too much time in meetings or in noisy offices. Even in the age of open-plan offices and social networks some work is best left to the individual.It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ______.（分数：6.00）A.team players can easily enter better collegesB.team building will probably be short-livedC.team-building is getting increasingly popularD.team players are likely to be business leaders十五、Passage Four(总题数：6，分数：6.00)On the surface, shopping online seems environmentally friendly: it eliminates car trips and carbon emissions. But what about the emissions from fleets of delivery vehicles bringing orders to houses? Delivery trucks also contributesubstantially to the burden of PM2.5, which is associated with many effects on human health.Researchers recently conducted a survey of downtown Newark residents' shopping habits and preferences to calculate the quantity of goods purchased online. They also used the information from delivery companies about the number of trucks on the road and the number of packages per truck to determine how many delivery trucks are required to distribute home shopping purchases. Finally, the researchers used transportation simulation software and data from local transportation authorities to determine the effect of delivery trucks on the transportation network, focusing on an area of downtown Newark that includes a portion of the university's campus. They conducted similar analyses in 2001, at the dawn of the online shopping era, and again in 2008.Curiously, the 2008 data suggested that home shopping in Newark had grown by only 14.8% since 2001. That's much less than the researchers predicted in their earlier study. It also contrasts with data from other researchers showing that Internet shopping increased six-fold between 2001 and 2011.This is an unexpected finding. However, a large proportion of their survey respondents were university students, and the convenience of Internet shopping may appeal more to people who are running a household. Also, the researchers' latest data are from 2008, which suggests that their study underestimates the effect of home shopping on the transportation network.In any case, the researchers found that even though home shopping by residents of Newark grew more slowly than anticipated, traffic in 2008 was worse than they had predicted, for more home shopping purchases increase travel time, traffic delays, and vehicle emissions of the transportation network.While some previous studies suggest that e-commerce is associated with lower carbon emissions than traditional retail, other researchers have warned of a "rebound effect," which occurs when gains in efficiency merely stimulate new consumption. Something similar may be going on in Newark, the results suggest."We found that the total number of vehicles miles travelled hasn't decreased at all with the growth of online shopping," says study leader Arde Faghri. "This suggests that people are using the time saved by Internet shopping to do things like eating out at restaurants, going to the movies, or visiting friends."According to the first paragraph, the author ______.（分数：6.00）A.doubts the environmental friendliness of online shoppingB.believes in the benefit of online shopping to the environmentC.insists that delivery trucks can reduce the emission of PM2.5D.associates online shopping with better human health十六、Passage Five(总题数：6，分数：6.00)Everyone in the UK seems to agree that recorded crime is decreasing. This is one of the arguments the government is using to justify its savage cuts in police budgets. All we have to do now is to get the police more efficient—working smarter, making better use of IT. Reduction in crime means we don't need so many police officers.This belief is based on a false premise. Recorded crime is declining, but that's largely due to the fact that crime has moved from the physical world to cyberspace or the Internet: cybercrime is much safer and more appealing. The rewards are much greater, and the risks of being caught and convicted are vanishingly small. So if you're a rational criminal with a reasonable IQ, why would you bother robbing people, breaking into houses, stealing cars and doing all the other things that old- style crooks do—and that old-style cops are good at catching them doing?Each senior police officer believes that cybercrime has been at alarming levels but none seems confident that our law enforcement system can deal with it. These views are supported by the experiences of the 5% of UK Internet users who have been the victims of various cybercrime; they report a variety of responses—almost none of them helpful—from the local police forces to whom they turn for help.One good reason is that the criminals are hard to identify or turn out to be operating abroad. Other reasons include bureaucratic inertia, lack of technical knowledge and a shortage of resources, which means that cybercrime receives lower priority than other, more urgent, responsibilities. Or simply the fact that officers often don't take it seriously.It's exceedingly difficult to measure accurately, for a variety of reasons—the spectrum of wrongdoing, the fact that much of it is under-reported and widely distributed, and the high cost that includes not only the actual damage done, but the costs of self-protection and the costs of clearing up after an attack. And then there are the opportunity costs: for example, security software used by online merchants typically rejects 4.3% of orders out of fear of fraud, even thoughmany of those potential orders are in fact genuine.The reality we face is that cybercrime is vast and flourishing. But do not expect to hear much about it in the election. What we actually need are more policemen on the net.Police budgets will be cut down in the UK because of the belief that ______.（分数：6.00）A.recorded crime is decliningB.the police will become more efficientC.high-technology will be usedD.cybercrime cases need fewer police officers十七、PAPER TWO(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)31. At any elementary school in China's metropolises, you will find numerous kids who wear glasses. Undesirable reading habits and chronic exposure to screens not only account for the higher incidence of nearsightedness, but take a heavy toll on the well-being of kids. Kids who are lost in the virtual world are more vulnerable to overweight, whose grades are bound to suffer. The appeal of digital gadgets, such as cell phones or smartphones, seems so irresistible that keeping oneself unplugged for a single day is virtually out of the question. While we are enjoying the benefits of modern conveniences, we are also having some basic necessities of life deprived, including peace of mind and a robust body.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________十九、Section B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)32. 尽管录取标准不同，但中国大多数研究生院的学生人数多得惊人。
工程硕士研究生英语试题
工程硕士研究生英语试题I Multiple choiceDirections: In this part, there are 20 sentences. After each sentences there are four choices, and you should decide on the best choice.1 I’m expecting________ an answer to my letter.A toB forC ofD -2 Mary didn’t pass her exam. We agree it was_______.A rather difficultB too easyC same ratherD very different3 We are trying to________ the meeting________ this afternoon.A reschedule, forB reschedule, toC reschedule, inD rescheduling, for4 Which of the letters_______ in our advertisement?A we should useB should use weC should we useD we use5 The components are being sent to Sydney by air and they’ll _____from the airport by our agent.A collectB have collectedC be collectedD collected6 The company can certainly________ the client________ these goods at very good prices.A supply, withB with supply, inC ask, forD get, to7 It is too early to________ for flight A727.A checkB check outC haveD check in8 One of the factors we should_______ consideration is the size of the market.A take intoB takeC take inD take to9 Y ou can’t _______ the Great Hotel for a whole week.A stay atB staying atC forD at10 He is responsible_______ receiving visitors.A toB ofC forD at11There is so much to see in Beijing _________ alone that every tourist complains of lack of time.A onlyB soC itselfD alone12 I have _______ to meet a tourist who can stand a whole Chinese opera.A alreadyB yetC notD never13 How to talk to a Martian is rather a (an) ________ question.A sophisticatedB appropriateC historicD academic14 The shortage of food caused widespread ___________ in that area.A disasterB investigationC unhappinessD compensation15 The Party enjoys immense ___________ among the masses.A propagandaB sympathyC authorityD conscience16 _____ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with my questions.A If I realizedB Had I realizedC Did I have realized thatD As I realized17 Tom said that he would n’t mind __________.A to wait for usB waiting for usC wait for usD for waiting us18 _______ the importance of wearing seat belts while driving.A Little they realizeB They little do realizeC Little realize do theyD Little do they realize19 The chemistry class _______ for five minutes when we hurried there.A had been onB was onC has been onD would be on20 John suggested ________ anything about it until they found out more facts.A not to sayB saying notC to say notD not sayingII Fill in the blanksDirections: Choose the correct word to fit into each sentence, using the proper form.trend career access favourable superioity result from put in perspective turn into load1 In this competitive world, it is better for any firm to gain technology .2 His failure _______ not working hard enough.3 Students must have _______ to good books.4 There is an obvious that young people like less formal clothing.5 We should look at these events which happened two hundred years ago from their historical .6 The truck was carrying a of bananas.7 All the buildings had been ______ hospitals.8 My grandfather was a teacher; it’s the only job he’d ever done.9 The movie received generally reviews.10 Thank you for all the time and effort you .III Complete the following sentences with the missing prepositions or adverbs.1 Tonight’s program focuses ____ homelessness.2 As _____ happiness itself, this is large your decision to make.3 This Net refers the computer network of satellites, optic fibers, and telephone lines that connect the whole world.4 According to the author’s opinion, Internet shopping belongs the first aspect.5 We dreamed _____ buying our own house.6 As the Net pushes the economy rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Net market forward.7 How much you get paid is dependent ______ how much you produce.8 The development of e-commerce may well bring the world a brand new era of “electronic currency”.9 The developing countries have to compete _____ the developed for world market.10 Such things _____ silver and gold are incomparable with love.IV Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part, there are four passages. After each passage there are five questions with four choices for each. Choose the best one for each question.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passageIn the 1960s medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list but so were some po sitive life-changing events like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress—it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millionsof Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness”. If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy，the articles said avoid stressful events. But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous many—like the death of a loved one—are impossible to avoid. Moreover any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom and physical and mental strain.1 The result of Holmes-Rahe's medical research tells us ____.A the way you handle major events may cause stressB what should be done to avoid stressC what kind of event would cause stressD how to cope with sudden changes in life2 The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ____.A widespread concern over its harmful effectsB great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD popular avoidance of stressful jobs3 The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ____.A how much pressure you are underB how positive events can change you lifeC how stressful a major event can beD how you can deal with life-changing events4 Why is “such simplistic advice” in Line 1 Para.3 impossible to follow?A No one can stay on the same job for longB No prescription is effective in relieving stressC People have to get married somedayD You could be missing opportunities as well5 According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ____.A nervous when faced with difficultiesB physically and mentally strainedC more capable of coping with adversityD indifferent toward what happens to themPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passageIt is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.So biologists were delighted early this year when with the help of the Navy they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of theNavy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans. Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption for the first time and that they plan similar studies. Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures. The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second-slower than through land but faster than through air. What is most important different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds focusing them in the same way a stethoscope does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean especially low-frequency ones can often travel thousands of miles.6 The passage is chiefly about ____.A an effort to protect an endangered marine speciesB the civilian use of a military detection system.C the exposure of a U.S. Navy top-secret weaponD a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales7 The underwater listening system was originally designed ____ .A to trace and locate enemy vesselsB to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptionsC to study the movement of ocean currentsD to replace the global radio communications network8 The deep-sea listening system makes use of ____ .A the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under waterB the capability of sound to travel at high speedC the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting soundD low-frequency sounds traveling across different layers of water9 It can be inferred from the passage that____.A new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whalesB blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening systemC opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technologyD military technology has great potential in civilian use10 Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network﹖A It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.B It has been replaced by a more advanced system.C It became useless to the military after the cold war.D It is indispensable in protecting endangered species.Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Although they are an inexpensive supplier of vitamins, minerals, and high-quality protein, eggs also contain a high level of blood cholesterol（胆固醇），one of the major causes of heart disease. One egg yolk, in fact, contains a little more than two-thirds of the suggested daily cholesterol limit. This knowledge has caused egg sales to plummet (下降) in recent years which inturn has brought about the development of several alternatives to eating regular eggs. One alternative is to eat substitute eggs. These egg substitutes are not really eggs, but they look somewhat like eggs when they are cooked. They have the advantage of having lower cholesterol rates, and they can be scrambled or used in baking. One disadvantage, however, is that they are not good for frying, poaching, or boiling. A second alternative to regular eggs is a new type of egg, sometimes called designer eggs. These eggs are produced by hens that are fed low-fat diets consisting of ingredients such as canola oil, flax, and rice bran (糠) In spite of their diets, however, these hens produce eggs that contain the sane amount of cholesterol as regular eggs. Yet, the producers of these eggs claim that eating their eggs will not raise the blood cholesterol in humans.Egg producers claim that their product has been portrayed unfairly. They cite scientific studies to back up their claim. And, in fact, studies on the relationship between eggs and human cholesterol levels have brought mixed results. It may be that it is not the type of egg that is the main determinant of cholesterol but the person who is eating the eggs. Some people may be more sensitive to cholesterol derived from food than other people. In fact, there is evidence that certain dietary fats stimulate the body’s production of blood cholesterol. Consequently, while it still makes sense to limit one’s intake of eggs, even designer eggs, it seems that doing this w ithout regulating dietary fat will probably not help reduce the blood cholesterol level.11 The main purpose of this passage is ____.A to inform people about the relationship between eggs and cholesterolB to convince people to eat “designer” eggs and substitutesC to persuade people to that eggs are unhealthy and should not be eatenD to introduce the idea that dietary fat increases the blood cholesterol level12 According to the passage, the cause for changes in the sale of eggs has been _____.A dietary changes in hensB decreased productionC increasing priceD concerns about cholesterol13 According to the passage, one egg yolk contains approximately what fraction of the suggested daily limit for human consumption of cholesterol.A 1/3B 1/2C 2/3D 3/414 The author means by the phrase “mixed results” in the second paragraph that ____.A the results are blendedB the results are inconclusiveC the results are a composite of thingsD the results are mingled together15 According to the passage, egg substitutes cannot be used to make any of the following types of eggs EXCEPT ____.A scrambledB friedC poachedD boiledPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending. If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most----people with rising incomes, stables, or declining incomes. Actually, in the years1947—1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy .If they expect prizes to go down ,they will postpone buying .But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying .One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a ti me of rising prices.” In a few months,” she said, “we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on others.”Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked .This is shown by the following typical comment,”I just don’t pay these prices; they are too high.”Traditional assumptions should be investigated carefully, and factors of time and place should be considered. The investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive to spending appears to be prices stability. If prices have been stable and people have become accustomed to considering them ‘right ‘and expecting them to remain stable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices with occasional sales or discounts is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology16 The example of the mechanic’s wife is intended to show that in times of rising prices ____.A people with declining income tend to buy lessB people with stable income tend to borrow lessC people with increasing income tend to buy moreD people with money also tend to buy less17 Findings in investigations in Britain indicate ____.A certain factors should be taken into accountB people in Britain behave in the same way as those in AmericaC price stability results from a correct understanding of consumer psychologyD occasional discount and sales are necessary18 According to the passage people tend to buy more when ____.A prices are expected to go upB prices are expected to go downC prices don’t changeD the business policy doesn’t change19 The best title of the passage is ____.A Consumer’s purchasing powerB Relationship between income and purchasing powerC Traditional assumptionsD Studies in consumer behavior20 The word “evoked” in line 19 could best be replaced by ____.A engagedB debilitatedC stimulatedD evolvedIV TranslationA Directions: Put the following English paragraphs into Chinese.1．The job taught me a valuable lesson: that to be a successful salesperson, you didn’t need to be a rocket scientist—you needed to be a good listener. Today I will carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers.2 In the world of tomorrow managers cannot be technologically illiterate regardless of their functional tasks within the form. They don’t have to be scientists or engineers inventing new technologies, but they have to be managers who understand when to bet and when not to bet on new technologies. If they don’t understand what is going on and technology effectively becomes a black box, they will fail to make the changes.3 The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand new era of “electronic currency”. With the emergence of an electronic currency, every one of us will be affected.B Directions: Put the following Chinese sentences into English.1 该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。
2003年西安交通大学工程硕士英语考试卷A
2003年西安交通大学工程硕士英语考试卷（A）Time Limit: 3 hoursPart I: Structure and VocabularyDirections: In this section there are 40 sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to each one.1. It was only when we could n‘t see that island that we realized we‘d been off______ days.[A] direction [B] option [C]route [D] course2. He ______ to the warm welcome given him by sending the general a silvertray.[A] responded [B] replied [C] answered [D] appealed3. I‘m sure that most athletes will ______ of the new rules on drug testing[A] agree [B] condemn [C] confuse [D] approve4. It has been so cold in the region that farming has been ______ most of thetime.[A] beside the question [B] beyond question[C] out of the question [D] in question5. Not ______ with having upset my parents with his rudeness, he then wentand insulted my sister![A] satisfactory [B] satisfying [C] content [D] convenient6. He was still a leading member of the local organization, and so he was much______.[A] looked down on [B] looked back on[C] looked forward to [D] looked up to7. Every 15 minutes, the sun delivers to the earth enough radiant energy to meetall o f man‘s power needs for a(n) ______ year.[A] full [B] lunar [C] solar [D] normal8. It is quite customary in the United States for students and others to ask foradvice about personal matters that in other ______ might be considered only ‗within the family.‘[A] circumstances [B] blocks[C] cultures [D] environments9. Every effort will be made to satisfy your requirements at the earliest date______.[A] practicable [B] practical [C] timely [D] likely10. ______ this large town was a small village.[A] Scarcely [B] Frequently [C] Formally [D] Formerly11. Sarah is very good-looking and I wouldn‘t mind going out with her if shedidn‘t ______ herself so much.[A] think[B] surprise [C] fancy [D] realize12. ______ it is a good thing I did not get the post I had applied for, though Imust admit that I was disappointed at the time.[A] By the way [B] In a way [C] In the way [D] On the way13. We don‘t know of course what the cost of living may be in five years‘ time,but ______ I can see, we‘ll be able to live comfortably enough on our pensions.[A] as far as [B] as a whole [C] on the whole [D] as long as14. Colour-blind people often find it difficult to ______ between blue and green.[A] separate [B] distinguish [C] compare [D] contrast15. These plastic flowers look so ______ that many people think they are real.[A] beautiful [B] comparable [C] natural [D] distinct16. A jet plane is an important means for transportation, which flies faster thansound. ______ it is used for rapid transportation.[A] Constantly [B] Considerably[C] Comparatively [D] Consequently17. Now that we have a higher family ______ we‘ll be able to move to a biggerhouse.[A] wage [B] income [C] earnings [D] salary18. It isn‘t quite ______ that the police will find the people responsible for theattack.[A] certain [B] right [C] sure [D] exact19. She‘s right, ______, because we did agree to wait, b ut only until June.[A] at a loss [B] for the better[C] once in a while [D] in a sense20. On the ______ of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.[A] basis [B] principle [C] condition [D] theory21. The players are speaking and moving ______ the director‘s instructions.[A] by way of [B] in favor of [C] but for [D] according to22. She is ______ her knowledge of plants again.[A] showing off [B] coming off [C] showing up[D] coming up23. I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and catch the earlytrain to London.[A] could sleep [B] could have slept[C] might sleep [D] might have slept24.He was accompanied by his faithful friend and secretary, Mr. William Minns,______.[A] he never traveled without him [B] without who he never traveled[C] without him he never traveled [D] without whom he never traveled25. Instead of being a useful member of the community ______ he used to be, heis now idling away his time gambling.[A] like [B] similar to [C] as [D] the same as26.Of course, she behaved awfully, but ______, she is your sister.[A] after all [B] above all [C] all in all [D] overall27.My room isn‘t big enough to acco mmodate so many people and your roomisn‘t ______.[A] also [B] either [C] too [D] neither28.I am busy at work now. I would rather you ______ this evening.[A] will come [B] are coming [C] come [D] came29.Although the town has been attacked by the storm several times, ______ wasdone.[A] a few damages [B] few damages[C] little damage [D] a little damage30.It‘s no good ______. You just have to put up with all these.[A] complained [B] complaining[C] to complain [D] to be complaining31.He suggested ______ a lecture given by Professor White on Englishlanguage learning.[A] my attending [B] me attending[C] my to attend [D] me to be attending32. In Great Britain, there are newspapers ______ pages are largely filled withnews of sports and stories of film stars.[A] which [B] that [C] what [D] whose33. The agent must have been annoyed, or he ______ his temper then.[A] wouldn‘t have lost[B] wouldn‘t lose[C] shouldn‘t have lost [D] shouldn‘t lose34. Professor Smith ______ about him and he pretended not to mind.[A] heard the students to talk[B] heard the students talking[C] heard the talk by the students[D] heard the students talked35. It is because he is t oo young ______ he doesn‘t understand it.[A] so [B] so that [C] now that [D] that36.I remember ______ to help us if we ever got into trouble.[A] once offering [B] her once to offer[C] her once offering [D] once to offer37F rank ly, I‘d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.[A] didn‘t do [B] don‘t do [C] shouldn‘t do[D] wouldn‘t do38. He finds it difficult ______ himself to the climate here.[A] accustomed [B] to adapt [C] get used [D] applying39. Lily has done just as much ______.[A] like what she was told to [B] as she was told to[C] as to what she tried to do [D] like she was taught to40.It‘s no use ______ me not to worry.[A] you tell [B] your telling[C] for you to have told [D] having toldPart II: Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part, you’ll read five passages. After each passage, there are four questions for you to answer, please mark your answers on youranswer sheet.Passage OneSome students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full-time or be at home all day. For instance, mothers of families do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called ‗open‘. The university was started in order to help a known group—people who missed a university education when they were young.The first name for the Open University was ‗The University of the Air‘. The idea was to teach ‗on the air‘, in other words on radio and television. Most of the teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people‘s h omes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education.The Open University student also receives advice at one of 283 study centres in the country, 36 weeks of the year he or she has to send written work to a ‗tutor‘, the person who guides his or her studies. The student must also spend 3 weeks every summer as a full-time student. The tutor and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University‘s first year, the results were good, 3 out of every 4 students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies 4 or 5 years.41. The purpose of the Open University is to ________.[A] help the young to go to school[B] help those who missed the chance to study when they were young[C] help those who want to study[D] help those who do housework42. The students of the Open University have their education ________.[A] through many kinds of examinations[B] with their written work only[C] both at home and at some study centres[D] with the help of their family friends43. The word ―tutor‖ in the second paragraph means ―________‖.[A] the person who inspects the students‘ studies[B] the person who is in charge of the various kinds of exams[C] the person who is to help the students to get through the exam[D] the person who checks the students‘ work at home44. Which of the following is implied but not stated?[A] The Open University has become popular all over the world.[B] Every country needs such a university.[C] Everyone wants to go to such a university.[D] The Open University really benefits a lot those who once lost the chanceto have university education.Passage TwoFrom the beginning rivers have played an important part in the life of man. Primitive man used rivers as a means of travel.In ancient times, man settled near rivers or on river banks and built up large empires and civilizations. Rome today still stands on both sides of the Tiber. The Menam runs through modern Bangkok, still serving as a great waterway for the transport of goods and people.Water is Nature‘s most precious gift to man. Man needs water to irrigate hiscrops, to cook and to wash. In nations far and wide rivers mean life and wealth. The Irrawady, Nile, Ganges and a host of others feed and clothe the nations around them. A shortage of water in heavily populated agricultural areas will cause great hardship and starvation as crops fail.Water is also a source of energy and power. Man constructs huge dams across rivers to control the water for irrigation and obtain the energy needed to drive generators. The electric power is then channeled to homes, cities, factories, television stations and the military.Man uses billions of litres of water each year. His main source of water comes from reservoirs which in turn obtain water from the rivers.45. This passage is mainly about ______.[A] rivers [B] dams [C] nature [D] buildings46. A heavily populated agricultural area is one where ________.[A] there are more factories than farms[B] people suffer and starve[C] too many farmers live close to one another[D] only a few farmers live47. In heavily populated agricultural areas, when crops fail _______‘[A] everybody takes to water sports [B] the people starve[C] a shortage of water will help [D] more energy will be used48. Energy is obtained from rivers by ________.[A] building bridges across them[B] channeling them into homes and factories[C] driving generators into them[D] building dams across themPassage ThreeMost London colleges have a library, with a full-time or part-time librarian, who will be able to give students information on the facilities available for consulting of borrowing books. In addition, the Public Libraries give a valuable service to students attending colleges, evening classes or working on their own. Public Libraries are maintained by the City Corporation and thevarious London Borough Councils. They will be helpful to students who wish to further their studies by using the comprehensive library services available in the metropolitan areas. These libraries have over five million books in stock, the majority of which are for loan, and there is a system of interavailability of lending-library tickets which extends throughout the metropolitan area.Reference Departments are provided for the use of those who wish to consult books and periodicals in the library, or heavy publications such as encyclopedias that cannot be taken out on loan.Public library stocks are of a general nature, covering all subjects, many of them to higher degree standard or beyond. In addition, each public library in the metropolitan area specializes in a group of interrelated subjects and, through the cooperation between various libraries, their combined resources are made generally available. Moreover, through the inter-lending system of the British Library, it is usually possible for books not available in London public libraries to be obtained from specialist libraries. Music stocks, for example, include music writings and frequently records. Full details of these various services can be obtained from the Central Library in each area. Addresses and telephone numbers are listed in the London telephone directory.49. The Public Libraries referred to in the passage offer _______.[A] opportunities for students to attend Further Education[B] opportunities for students to further their studies[C] assistance towards the maintenance of students in the London BoroughCouncils[D] assistance to students who work in their local council50. From the information given we understand that students ________.[A] may only borrow books from their local library[B] must have special tickets to borrow books from another library[C] may lend their tickets to students in other libraries[D] may use their tickets to borrow books from other libraries51. In order to help students further, a system exists, by which ________.[A] books on certain subjects can be borrowed from specialist libraries[B] each library agrees to specialize in one subject[C] a group of libraries agree to specialize in one subject[D] records are made of books on specialist subjects52. The passage tells us that there is ________.[A] one central library for all areas[B] a library in the centre of each area[C] a central library in each area[D] more than one central library in each areaPassage FourThough some people have suggested that women should return tohousework in order to leave more jobs for men, the idea has been rejected by both women and men in public opinion polls.Lately some union officials have suggested that too many women are employed in types of work more suitable for men, and that women should step aside to make way for unemployed young men. They argue that women –especially women in their childbearing years actually delay economic development and result in lower productivity, poor quality and inefficiency.To solve the problem, they have suggested that the workingwomen stay at home while their husbands or brothers were given double wages. They argue that under these circumstances, families would retain their same level of income, and women could run the house and raise children much better.The suggestion has been flatly rejected by 9 out of ten people polled. A hundred persons in a big city were questioned last summer. Out of 50 women, 46 said they were unwilling to leave their jobs, no matter what the situation. The other 4 said they would like to return home if their jobs could be taken by their sons or daughters. Of 50 men polled, only 6 said they would like to see their wives resign their jobs, if it means higher wages for themselves.Some other people have sugge sted another way called ―phased employment‖ theory. The theory suggests that a woman worker take leave from her job when she is seven months pregnant (怀孕) and stay off the job until her baby reaches the age of 3. It suggests that women on leave receive 75 percent of their normal salary and be allowed to return to work after the 3-year period. This will benefit children, women, their families and the society. Some of those polled, both women and men, felt the idea is a good one. It definitely seems to be more acceptable than the suggestion that women return to home forever.53. Some union officials have suggested that women should return home because______.[A] all of them are employed in unsuitable types of work[B] most skilled male workers are now unemployed[C] their participation in work has a bad influence on the economicdevelopment[D] nowadays no one can take care of children except women54. According to the passage, the suggestion that women should return tohousework was ______.[A] opposed by most men and women[B] welcomed by men only[C] welcomed by women only[D] welcomed by both men and women55. From the passage we can see ―phased employment‖ means ―______‖.[A] two or more women share the same job[B] women are allowed to take leave from their jobs during their childbearing years[C] a women should resign her job forever if she has a child[D] women stay at home on weekdays and go to work on weekends or holidays56. According to the ―phased employment‖ theory, during a woman‘s lea ve fromher job ______.[A] her work should be done by her husband or brothers[B] either her husband or brothers will be given double wages[C] her family can still keep the normal level of income[D] her family‘s income level will be a little lower than it normally is Passage FiveInterviews may be carried out in a one-to-one situation; or a group of interviewers may interview a single candidate; or a single interviewer may interview a group of candidates. Each type of interview has its advantages and disadvantages.The one-to-one interview is the most common. It has the advantage of being the most natural situation. It is easier to build up a relationship with the candidate; he will feel at ease and will answer questions more fully and more naturally. In this way the interviewer is likely to find out a good deal about the candidate. In particular he will be in a good position to find out whether or not he would want the candidate to work with him or under him. These advantages carry with them certain disadvantages. The interviewer may be so strongly affected by his own feelings that he is unable to assess the candidate fairly. The interview may be so relaxed that the interviewer forgets to explore certain areas; it may turn into a conversation about topics of mutual interest. The candidate himself or the interviewer‘s organization is likely to feel that the procedure is somewhat unfair; a prospective employee ought not to be accepted or rejected on the basis of an interview with just one person. And, of course, unless the interviewer is highly skilled, the candidate and the organization are right –because the best people are not necessarily going to be selected. The procedure might then be altered to include additional one-to-one interviews.The next most common type of interview is the Board interview. This is usually adopted by large organizations in order that the selection procedure shall be seen to be fairer to candidates andso that people who are selected reach some kind of common standard. It also hassome other advantages. It is more likely for a Board to cover all relevant areas simply because members keep a critical eye on one another.57. In the one-to-one interview the interviewer can get much information aboutthe candidate because ______.[A] they can concentrate on topics of mutual interest[B] the interviewer can take notes of whatever the candidate tells him[C] the candidate is likely to answer questions more fully in a natural situation[D] the interviewer can last as long as the interviewer wishes58. The writer suggests that when the one-to-one interview method is used, inorder to be fairer ______.[A] both the interviewer and the candidate should take the interview seriously[B] more than one one-to-one interview should be held for a single candidate[C] the interview‘s organization should accept only the best people[D] the interviewer should not build up a good relationship with the candidate59. The writer thinks that ______.[A] the one-to-one interview is much better than the Board interview[B] the Board interview is much better than the one-to-one interview[C] both methods mentioned above have more advantages and disadvantages[D] it is hard to say which method, the Board interview or the one-to-oneinterview60. The best title for this passage would be ______.[A] The Interview as a Method of Assessment[B] How to Assess a Candidate Fairly[C] The Best Procedure to Select and Employee[D] The Advantages and Disadvantages of the one-to-one InterviewPart III: ClozeDirections: Choose the best answer for each blank in the following passage from the choices given afterwards.The industrial societies have been extremely productive during the last two centuries. The economic advance has been 1 . During this 2 short period of time, greater changes in people‘s 3 have occurred than in the thousands of years which 4 . From about 8000. B. C., when the agricultural 5 of the human race began, 6 1776 A. D., the beginning of the American Revolution, people 7 hardly any richer at all. The Americans of1776 used the same energy 8 as the Romans of 1 A. D. Both the ancient Romans and Americans of 200 years ago could travel about the same short distance in a day. Both had about the same annual income and the same life 9 . During the past 200 years the world population has increased 6 times, the annual world 10 has increased 80 times, and the distance a person can travel has 11 1,000 times. There has also been much recent progress 12 art, culture, learning, and science. Such changes have 13 a high rate of production and 14 of the economy. Economists fear that within the next 100 to 150 years, the earth's 15 will become very 16 . Their fears are partly 17 , but we should not be afraid. Industrial civilization 18 new knowledge. By advancing knowledge, we not only 19 new forms of resources, 20 we also find ways to economize their use. Advanced modern knowledge can feed the hungry people of the world and improve their standard of living.1. [A] particular [B] excellent [C] remarkable [D] excessive2. [A] considerable [B] relatively [C] roughly [D] normally3. [A] arrangements [B] orders [C] ways [D] conditions4. [A] preceded [B] exceeded [C] proceeded [D] introduced5. [A] time [B] era [C] cycle [D] century6. [A] to [B] in [C] at [D] on7. [A] went [B] developed [C] returned [D] grew8. [A] origins [B] stores [C] potential [D] source9. [A] year [B] period [C] span [D] spell10. [A] harvest [B] output [C] production [D] outcome11. [A] amounted to [B] gone up [C] built up [D] grown up12. [A] in [B] on [C] about [D] at13. [A] reduced to [B] brought up [C] led to [D] turned out14. [A] influence [B] independence [C] impact [D] growth15. [A] resources [B] sources [C] materials [D] minerals16. [A] scarce [B] rare [C] inferior [D] little17. [A] unreasonable [B] excused [C] convinced [D] justified18. [A] applies [B] refers to [C] adapts to [D] adopts as19. [A] realizes [B] creates [C] substitutes [D] brings20. [A] besides [B] and [C] but [D] anyhowPart IV: TranslationRouting buying undoubtedly has some advantages for the customer. It saves a lot of trouble and avoids the risks that are always associated with any kind of change. The customer who stays with one supplier receives the goods to which he is accustomed and on the same terms. But this principle seldom serves the cause of progress if the first purchase was a mistake which he now repeats again and again. And a decision that was the right one five years ago, can be the wrong one today. The human need for stability and routine is also inclined to lag behind the new developments, improvements and changes which are so typical of our times. Nevertheless, this attitude has prevented many manufacturers and dealers from introducing valuable innovations. If the customer resists an offer due to the force of habit, the new supplier will have little chance of success, or will have to invest expenditure and effort out of all proportion to the risk involved. For this reason many excellent inventions have never been put on the market; they were nipped in the bud, because potential investors could see all the difficulties awaiting them, such as the force of habit and the public‘s mistrust of anything new.Part V: WritingDirections:You are to write in no less than 120 words about the title―Advances in Science and Technology‖. You should base your essay on theoutline below.Outline:1. 科学技术的发展是重要的。
某年交大工程硕士英语考试真题
cation should aim to _______ children’s mind to its utmost potential.A. harnessB. cultivateC. useD. foster11.Medicine has always been a very male-dominated _____.A. occupationB. professionC. careerD. job12.Affairs between doctors and patients are a matter of _____.A. rulesB. moralsC. criteriaD. ethics13.This project has been granted an annual _____ of $ 40 million.A. fundB. paymentC. budgetD. capital14.I cannot believe that it is _____ to spend so much money on it.A. sensibleB. sensitiveC. sensoryD. sensational15.Only part of your character is inherited from your parents. The rest comes from your _____.A. surroundingsB. circumstancesC. environmentD. condition16.What we are trying to do is to _____ young people to be responsible citizens.A. teachB. educateC. instructD. train17.The modern world’s pursuit of material ends to the neglect of its _____ needs.A. spiritualB. intellectualC. mentalD. intelligent18.Due to road works, three lanes of traffic have to _____ into two.A. divergeB. divertC. convergeD. divide19.If he _____ in asking awkward questions, then send him to the boss.A. continuesB. persistsC. proceedsD. insists20.Tom is _____ enough to aspire to conversational fluency in Chinese in two months.A. competitiveB. successfulC. energeticD. ambitious21.Science and technology have in important ways _____ to the improvement of agriculturalproduction.A. witnessedB. assistedC. attachedD. contributed22.Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ______ we radically change waywe live.A. butB. althoughC. unlessD. lest23.For professional athletes, _____ to the Olympics means that they have a chance to enter thehistory books.A. accessB. attachmentC. appealD. approach24.The native Canadians lived in _____ with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of life.A. coordinationB. acquaintanceC. contactD. harmony25.The mayor_____ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing theearthquake victims.A. rewardedB. awardedC. creditedD. prized26.The writer was so ______ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room _____.A. absorbedB. abandonedC. focusedD. centered27.In the Mediterranean seaweed is so abundant and so easily harvested that it is never of great_____.A. fareB. paymentC. worthD. expense28.With the increasing unemployment rate, workers who are 50 to 60 years old are usually the firstto be _____.itself, because there’s a big transition that happens when kids leave the structured school environment and come home.If you have kid stay alone at home, think hard about trying to find an adult who can be there and provide the support your child needs. If a supportive adult isn’t available, an expert named Martin recommends you find an after-school program led by experienced professionals who will engage them in creative activities, nourish them with healthy snacks, and assist them with their schoolwork.If you are at home on the contrary, to take some break after the guys get started on diversions, because it’s hard to stop and do something like homework. 〝If that little bit of downtime is television, good luck ... getting them to do their homework.〞says a professor of child development at California State University, 〝TV is addictive.〞A better way to help your child unwind is with a healthy snack. 〝Wait until dinner, make a plate full of energizing food. You could even dish up part of the dinner you’re preparing a little early for the kids,〞she says.While you’re sharing a snack, you can make a list of what your kids will get to do during their study breaks. The types of breaks recommended include shooting baskets, getting a drink, using the bathroom, or even playing a quick card game with parents. Your kids can be the ones to decide which breaks they’d like to take. But, as Freimuth says, your children will have to be honest about what kind of break will energize them and not upset their momentum.66.The main purpose of this passage is _______.A. to provide some advice for the parents about children’s educationB. to explain how to prepare a pretty snack for your childrenC. to explain why the parents spoil their childrenD. to describe children’s lives after school67.The words 〝this way〞in the sentence 〝But most homes aren’t run this way〞in the firstparagraph most possibly means _______.A. to stay on the taskB. to arrange everything in detailsC. to give some lessons to childrenD. to behave in the structured school68.According to the passage, the expert named Martin, appearing in the second paragraph, mostprobably takes up the following jobs EXCEPT _______.A. a specialist in children educationB. a professional consultant in an after-school programC. the leader of a research group about sports, such as basketballD. mostly the same as what Freimuth (in the last paragraph) does69.According to the last two paragraphs, the appropriate snacks that the parents provide will_______.A. upset the children’s momentumB. exhaust them by lots of dirty dishesC. make the children get addicted to TVD. bring more energy to children。
2024年全国硕士研究生 英语卷
2024年全国硕士研究生英语卷2024 National Master's Entrance English ExamSection I: Reading Comprehension (40 Points)Part A: Multiple Choice (20 Points)1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of successful entrepreneurs?A. Passion and dedicationB. Strong leadership skillsC. Risk aversionD. Persistence and resilience2. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of innovation in businessB. The role of failure in fostering successC. The characteristics of successful entrepreneursD. The benefits of entrepreneurship education3. According to the passage, what is one way in which entrepreneurs can overcome failure?A. By avoiding taking risksB. By blaming others for their mistakesC. By seeking feedback and learning from their experienceD. By giving up and finding a new career pathPart B: Short Answer Questions (20 Points)4. Briefly summarize the main points of the passage.5. Explain how the concept of "failing forward" is related to entrepreneurship.6. Give an example of a successful entrepreneur and explain how they embody the characteristics discussed in the passage.7. How can entrepreneurship education help prepare individuals for success in the business world?Section II: Writing (60 Points)Part A: Essay (40 Points)In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards remote work and online businesses. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend, and give your opinion on whether it will continue in the future.Part B: Letter Writing (20 Points)Write a letter to a friend who is considering starting their own business. Offer them advice on how to overcome challenges and achieve success as an entrepreneur.This exam is designed to assess your reading comprehension skills, critical thinking abilities, and writing proficiency. Good luck!。
学历类《研究生考试》工程硕士《英语运用能力测试》考试试题及答案解析
学历类《研究生考试》工程硕士《英语运用能力测试》考试试题及答案解析姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1、Generally speaking, the hard one works, _______.A 、thebetterhegetsresultB 、thebetterresulthegetsC 、hegetsbetterresultD 、doeshegetbetterresult正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析2、Part of the work is to be finished today and ______ by thl4、It is no longer a problem _______ the poor children in this district can go to school.A 、thatB 、whetherC 、soD 、because正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析5、Many people attend various public lectures, chiefly ______ themselves familiar with the latest development of different fields.A 、gettingB 、togetC 、tohavegotD 、got正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析6、We need a more capable leader, ______ with strong will and as well as good humour.A 、whoB 、thatC 、oneD 、which正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析7、”______ the friendship between our two people last forever!”, and with this sincere hope, the president concluded his speech.A、CouldB、MayC、WouldD、Must正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析8、______ that no one was ever prepared for it.A、SosuddenlydidthebadnewscomeB、SosuddenlythebadnewscameC、SodidthebadnewscomesuddenlyD、Didthebadnewscomesosuddenly正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析9、_____ the teacher’s suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.A、FollowingB、TofollowC、FollowD、Hefollowed正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析10、Some 25,000 people were reported ______ in the ever recorded worst earthquake in Iran, which occurred late this month.A、werekilledB、tobekilledC、killingD、tohavebeenkilled正确答案：D答案解析：暂无解析11、When do you think ______ start the new attack?A、theywillB、willtheyC、theycanD、canthey正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析12、During the tourist season, there are many people wandering in this city to see the old castles _____ in the sixteenth century.A、tobebuiltB、beingbuiltC、havingbeenbuiltD、built正确答案：D答案解析：暂无解析13、______ which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time.A、LeavingtowonderB、HavinglefttowonderC、LeftwonderingD、Lefttowonder正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析14、He doesn’t know what to say, for it is the first time that he l D、theywerereported 正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析16、There were many more people who got injured in the big fire than _______.A、wasreportedB、itwasreportedC、werereportedD、heywerereported正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析17、This robot is supposed to save a lot of labor, but it remains a problem if it ______.A、isB、savesC、doesD、has正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析18、George applied for the position three times ______ he finally got it.A、beforeB、untilC、whenD、after正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析19、With his eyes ______ on the family album, he thought of the fun he had when he lived with his parents.A、fixingB、fixedC、tobefixedD、beingfixed正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析20、Postage ______, the necklace will cost you at least 650 yuan.A、includingB、includedC、includeD、tobeincluded正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析。
大连海事大学工程硕士英语试题
大连海事大学工程硕士英语试题姓名：得分：Ⅰ. Translate the following into Chinese (25 points)1. electrocute 把…处电刑2. wreath 花圈3. hilarious 愉快的；热闹的4. denominator 分母5. commitment 承担，献身6. accountant 会计员，账房，出纳7. depict描写；叙述8. prodigy 非凡的人，奇才，天才9. revive 再生，复活，苏醒10. catalyst 触媒，催化剂，接触剂11. dreary凄凉的；忧郁的12. epic 叙事诗，史诗13. regress 退化，退步14. pervasive扩大的；普及的，遍布的15. liberal 开明的，自由的16. philosophy哲学；哲理，哲学体系17. technician 技术员，技师18. heckle质问19. literature文学，文学作品20. academic学院的；大学的21. Achilles’heel弱点22. get along with与……和睦相处23. comic strip连环漫画24. shoot for打算达到25. pay offⅡ. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese (50 points)1. Those words helped the young woman to see things more clearly. Maybe she could n’t improve her circumstances, but she could improve herself. She made friends with her Native American neighbors, she began working with them on weaving and pottery, and she took time to explore the desert and discover its natural beauty.这些话帮助这个年轻的女人看得更清楚。
工程硕士英语考试试卷
工程硕士英语试卷姓名：年级：专业：成绩：I. Choose the best answer：(每题1分,共20分)1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20II. Complete the following sentences with the missing prepositions or adverbs: (每题1.5分,共15分)1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10III. Reading comprehension: (每题2分,共20分)1 A B C D2 A B C D3 A B C D4 A B C D5 A B C D6 A B C D7 A B C D8 A B C D9 A B C D 10 A B C DIV. Translations (共30分)1.2.3.4.5.67.8.9.10.Part VI Writing (共15分)My job工程硕士英语试卷姓名：年级：专业：成绩：I. Choose the best answer：20%1. This man ___ to tell a lie.a. was never knownb. has never knownc. will never knowd. is never known2. The children ___ many times not to go near the street.a. have toldb. toldc. have been toldd. were being told3. The new type of computer is going to ___ the month after next.a. turn outb. be turned outc. will be turn outd. will turn out4. After the synthetic ___, engineers had a better choice for materials for construction.a. had been developedb. had developedc. tobe developedd. being developed5. After being tested in many ways, this newly-designed machine will ___ in the near future.a. be taken actionb. come to usec. be put into used. take its place6. He often visited the grain mill of Peter, ___ to experiment with new things.a. that likesb. whom likedc. who likedd. which liked7.She found a place in the building ___she used as her first laboratory.a. whichb. wherec. in whichd. when8. Do you know the exact time ____ the meeting will begin?a. whichb. whenc. whyd. as9. She wanted to join the group of men ___ was to explore the mysteries of the moutains.a. their workb. who workc. whod. whose work10. This is the reason ___ an airplane can’t fly in space.a. for thatb. whichc. whyd. where11. He walked into the resraurant ___ it had belonged to him.a. likeb. as ifc. so thatd. if12. Don’t eat that fruit____ it is ripe.a. unlessb. in casec. ifd. so that13. I don’t think it’ll rain, but I’ll take an umbrella ___ it does.a. beforeb. in casec. unlessd. as if14. She felt very silly ___ everyone laughed at her question.a. afterb. beforec. whend. as soon as15. He insured his car ___ he had an accident.a. unlessb. ifc. in cased. since16. Many people favour ___ more nuclear power plant.a. to buildb. builtc. buildd. building17. Professor Smith ____ about him and he pretended not to mind.a. hear the students to talkb. heard the talk by the studentsc. heard the students talkingd. heard the studens talked18. _____to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic .a. To driveb. Drivingc. Being drivend. I drove19. I would appreciate _____ it a secret between us.a. you to keepb. that you would keepc. your keepingd. that you are keeping20. The doctor has difficulty_____ this infection.a. in treatingb. to treatc. for treatingd. being treatingII. Complete the following sentences with a prepositions or adverbs: 15%1.The developing countries have to compete___ the developed for world market.2.It is always very difficult to have this group of people to be ____ the same mind.3.At that time, the United States had a huge techological lead ___ all of the rest inthe world.4.Finally, ____ the graduate level, James recognized his ow value.5.It is ot right to shift the blame ____ anyoe else.6.If other means fail, we shall resort ____ force.7.Ray went out, leaving the door ___ the latch.8.Police are keeping the area____ constant surveillance.9.Cruel experiments on animals are carried out ___ the name of science.10.They’ve had technical problems___ any rate that’s what they told me.III. Reading comprehension: 20%Passage 1：A consumer walks into a store. He stands in front of hundreds of boxes of lanundry detergent. He chooses one brand, pays for it, and leaves. Why does he pick that specific kind of soap? Is it truly better than the others? Probably not. These days, many products are nearly identical to one another in quality and price. If products are almost the same, what makes consumers buy one brand instead of another? Although we might not like to admit it, commerials on television and advertisements in magazines probaly influence us much more than we think they do.Advertising ingorms consumers about new products available on the market. It gives us information about everything from shampoo to toothpaste to computers and cars. But there is one pro blem with us. The “information” is actually very often misinformation. It tells us the products’ benfits but hides their diadvantaes. Advertising not only leads us to buy things that we don’t need and can’t afford, but also confuses our sense of reality. “Zoom toothpaste prevents cavities and gives yu white teeth!” the advertisement tells us. But it doesn’t tell us the complete truth: that a healthy diet and a good toothbrush will have the same effect.Advertisers use many methods to get us to buy their products. One of their most sucessful show us who we aren’t and what we don’t have. Our teeth aren’t white enough. Our hair isn’t shiny enough our clothes aren’t clean enough. Advertisements make us afraid that people won’t like us if we don’t use the adve rtised products. “Why don’t I have any dates?” an attractive young woman sadly asks in a commercial. “Here,” replies her roommate, “try Zoom toothpaste!” of course she tries it, and immediately the whole football team falls in live with her. “That’s a stup id commercial,” we might say. But we still buy Zoom toothpaste out of being unpopular and having no friends. If fear is the negative motive for buying a product, then wanting a good image is the positive reason for choosing it. Each of us has a mental picture of the kind of person we would like to be. For example, a modern young woman might like to think that she looks like a beautiful movie star. A middle-aged man might want to see himself as a strong attractive athlete. Advertisers know this. They write specific ads to make certain groups of people choose their product. Two people may choose different brands of toothpaste with the identical price, amount, and quality; wach person believes that he or she is expressing his personality by choosing that brand.Advertisers get psychologists to stufy the way consumers think and their reasons for choosing one brand instead of another. These experts tell advertisers about the motives of fear and self-image. They also inform them about recent studies with colors and words. Psychologists heve found that certain colors on the package of an attractive product will cause people to reach out and take that package instead of buying an identical product with different dolors. Also, certain words attract our attention. Fo r example, the words “new”, “improve,” “natural,” and“giant size” are very popular and seem to draw our eyes and hands toward the package.Many people believe that advertising does not affect them. They feel that the have freedom of choice, and they like to think they make wise choices. Unfortunately, they probably don’t realize the powerful effect of advertising. They may not clearly undrstand that advertisers spend billions of dollars each year in aggressive competition for our money, and they are extremely successful. Do you believe that ads don’t influence your choice of products? Just look at the brands in your kitchen and bathroom.1. Advertising______.A. informs us everything about some products.B. doesn’t influence us very much.C. is always stupid.D. doesn’t always tell us everything about a product.2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for a person to buy a product?A. He or she is satisfied with himself or herself.B. He or she has the need for a good self-image.C. The colors on the package.D. Certain words on the package.3. Advertisers ____ to make us buy products.A. employ very low pricesB. get information from psychologistsC try to make us feel good D. need to use better package4. Psychologists tell advertisers____.A. which brands of toothpaste to produceB. to stop influencing shoppersC. about people’s motives for buyingD. how much money to spend on television commercials5. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. advertising influences us to buy one kind of product instead of another.B. “The psychology of selling” is an important course in many business colleges.C. If you use Zoom toothpaste there will be no more problems in your life.D. Advertisements always provides us with important infromation about products. Passage 2：Although the possibility of living a long and happy life nowadays is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing on the roads. Man versus the motorcar ! It is a never ending battle which man is losing .It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality, which often undoubtedly brings out a man’s very worst qualities. Normally quiet and pleasant people may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering wheel. They swear; they areill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving .The surprising thing is that society smiles on the motorist and seems to tolerate his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience . Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; and the mass annual death becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten .It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are extremely loose and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate .Here are a few examples that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is ; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so ; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through annual tests for safety. Present drinking and driving laws should be made much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in theU.S.A. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned, These measures may sound terribly harsh. But remember: the world is for human beings, not motorcars.6.The main idea of this passage is _____.A. traffic accidents are mainly caused by motoristsB. thousands of people the world over are killed each yearC. the laws of some countries about driving are too looseD. stricter traffic laws should be made to prevent accidents7. What does the author think is society’s attitude toward mot orists ?A. Society laughs at motorists.B. Society tolerates their rude driving.A.Society imposes a lot of restrictions on motorists.D. Society encourages motorists to behave themselves8.What does the author mean when he says “his car becomes the extension of his personality”(Line 1-2 , Para.2 ) ?A. Driving can show his real self.B. Driving can show the best part of his personality.C. Driving can bring out his characters.D. His car only displays the dark side of his temper.9.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?A. Testing drivers every three years.B. Making stricter driving tests.A.Building more highways.D. Raising age limit and laying down safety specifications.10.The attitude of the author in this passage is ____.A. ironicalB. criticalC. appealingD. indifferent IV. Translations: 30%Section A: English to Chinese: 20%1.The irony is that children start out as natural scientists, instinctivelyeager toinvestigate the world around them.2.Science is not just facts but the meaning that people give to them by weavinginformation into a story about how nature probably oprates.3.Studies over the past three decades have shouwn that, after asking a question,adults typically wait only one second or less for a response no time for a child to think.4.Instead of depending on largely ineffective laws against illegal hunting, it giveslocal people a good economic reason to preserve plants and animals.5.Sustainable management of forests requires controls on the number of trees whichare cut down, as well as investment in replacing them.Section B: Chinsese to English: 10%6.完成这项工作至少需要10人。
工程硕士班英语测试题
2014级工程硕士班英语试题I. Reading Comprehension （45%）Passage 1There are growing environmental concerns about the air near the destroyed World Trade Center in New York City. The two huge buildings were destroyed September eleventh when terrorists crashed two passenger planes into them. Some people say they are suffering health problems as a result of the attacks. When the World Trade Center fell, it left about one million tons of crushed concrete, glass and dust. Some people fear that cancer-causing substances may have been released into the air from the resulting fires and smoke. For example, asbestos(石棉) and other harmful substances were used in building the World Trade Center.Since September eleventh, federal, state and local agencies have been testing the air in and around the ruined area. Scientists from universities, medical schools and private companies also are doing tests. They are looking for the presence of pollutants in the air that might present a health risk to the workers removing the wreckage and to the public. Federal officials say no long-term health risks have been discovered so far.Yet, doctors say many of the workers have been suffering from severe cough, chest pain, nose bleeds and breathing problems. Many workers with continuing problems have taken legal action against the city. Doctors say rescue workers and other people who worked in the area for a long period of time are most at risk for health problems. Workers who did not wear protective covering on their faces are at even greater risk.About forth thousand people live near the ruins of the World Trade Center. Some of these people worry that open trucks carrying the ruins from the area are still spreading pollutants. Some people have criticized New York City’s clean-up efforts, as many buildings in the area have not been cleaned. And the information released to the public from air quality tests is often confusing, and the federal government should keep close watch on clean-up efforts.1.The major point discussed in the passage is ____.A.the effect of the September 11 attacks on New York CityB.health problem people suffer resulting from the September 11 attacksC.the effort of the cleaning up of buildings in the areaD.the effect on the health of the people of the ruined area2.Many workers have taken legal action against the city because ____.A.they are suffering from nose bleedsB.they have continuing health problemsC.they are coughing severelyD.they have breathing problems3.Who are having greater risk of health problems, according to the passage?A.The people who live near the ruins.B.The workers who worked in the area for long time.C.The scientists who area testing the air.D.The workers who did not wear protective coverings.4.The federal government has been criticized for the following reasons except ____.A.clean-up effortsB.air quality testsC.uncleaned buildingsD.the trucks carrying the ruins5.According to the passage the author ____ the environment of the ruined area.A.is depressed withB.is satisfied withC.is worried aboutD.is confident withpassage 2Millions of Americans take large amounts of vitamin C pills every day because they believe the vitamin help them stay healthy. However, a new study says vitamin C may help produce substances that can damage DNA. Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania experimented with vitamin C in test tubes. They studied the effects of vitamin C on a substance produced in the body from fat. That substance is called hydroperoxide(氢过氧化物), which can be changed in a cell into substances that can damage DNA. The scientists found that vitamin C easily changed the hydroperoxide into the gene-damaging poisons. Such damage is the first step toward developing cancer.However, the scientists say the study does not mean that vitamin C causes caner. They say it is well-known that vitamin C is important for human health, but people can get enough vitamin C in the foods they eat. Earlier studies have shown that eating a lot of fruits, vegetables and grains can reduce the chance of developing both heart disease and caner.Other researchers agree that the latest study is important in understanding the chemistry of vitamin C. But they say the study did not involve people. The vitamin C was tested in the laboratory only. They think the results might be different in living cells.Mark Levine is a vitamin C expert who questions whether a similar study in people would produce the same results. He also says people should get their vitamin C in food instead of taking huge amounts in pills to stay healthy, and research does not support taking a lot of vitamin C.The United States government says people should get about eighty milligrams(mg) of vitamin C each day in the foods they eat. Studies have shown that the body cannot use more than two hundred milligrams of vitamin C each day. Medical researchers say that taking vitamin C pills cannot replace the value of eating healthy foods.6.What does this passage mainly discuss?A.Taking a large amount of VC will do good to health.B.Taking too much VC pills every day is not good for health.C.People should take as much VC as possible.D.It is not necessary at all to take VC pills.7.Which one is not true about the effect of VC according to the passage?A.It is important for human health.B.It may help produce substances that can damage DNA.C.It causes cancer.D.VC in foods can reduce the chance of developing heart disease and cancer.8.What does the author imply when he mentions “living cells” in Paragraph 3?A.The research has involved living creatures.B.The results from the lab test might not always be reliable.C.If it is tested in living body, the results will be the same.D.The chemistry of VC is living.9.Which of the following is not true about the scientists’ research?A.The scientists experimented with VC in test tubes.B.The research didn’t involve peopleC.VC was test in the lab only.D.Mark Levine did the experiment involving people.10.Taking a lot of VC ____.A.is supported by VC expertsB.is encouraged by the US GovernmentC.is agreed by medical researchersD.is disapproved by many scientistspassage 3It is possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient institution, which has existed for at least 6 thousand years. It was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past the human race managed to live with it. Modern ingenuity (精巧) has changed this. Either man will abolish war, or war will abolish man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons that cause the most serious danger. But bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look upon international questions in a new way, not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful in killing people, but by arbitration(仲裁) in accordance with agreed principles of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted.There are those who say that the adoption of this or that ideology would prevent war. I believe this to be a big error. Their adherents believe in them so fanatically that they are willing to go to war in support of them.The movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a commonplace that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in which they are being approached is a better one than it was some years ago. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die. That negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the important conflict nowadays is not between different countries, but between man and the atom bomb.11.This passage implies that war is now ___.A.worse than in the pastB.as bad as in the pastC.not so dangerous as in the pastD.as necessary as in the past12.In the sentence “Modern ingenuity has changed this”(Para. 1), what change does the authorrefer to?A.The fact that war has always been bad.B.The fact that man has managed to live with war so farC.The fact that war will abolish man.D.The fact that war has existed for thousands of years13.From Para. 2 we learn that the writer of the passage ____.A.is an adherent of some modern ideologiesB.does not think that the adoption of any ideology could prevent warC.believes that the adoption of some ideologies could prevent warD.does not doubt the truth of any ideologies14.According to the passage, modern weapons ______.A.need further improvingB.will help abolish warC.put mankind in serious dangerD.are essential in modern times15.The writer believes that the only way to abolish war is to ____.A.destroy nuclear weaponsB.let the stronger nations control the worldC.improve chemical weaponsD.solve international problems through negotiationsII. Translate the following into Chinese （55%）1. Scientists find that hard-working prestigious people live longer than average men and women. Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness and solitude. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and solitary when they have nothing to do. Instead, many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as a bridge between man and reality. By work people come into contact with each other. By collective activity, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and makes him liable to disease. Besides, work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond words. From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work, the happier and healthier you will be. Let us work hard and study well and live a happy and healthy life.2.Thanks to the means of modern transportation and communication, the world is getting smaller and smaller. The whole world community appears to be no more than a large global village, where the residents come together with different cultural background and values. While experiencing the inevitable cultural exchanges as well as cultural clashes, the “villagers” seek to live in harmony.In this modern world, the advanced culture of any nation has never been an isolated phenomenon, but the product of extensive exchanges with other cultures. Through culturalexchange, different cultures can absorb and influence one another. Mutual influence is a very complicated phenomenon in the field of culture. Therefore, absorbing foreign culture is metaphorically a process of taking a bite, chewing, and digesting. We should adopt the principle of eliminating the false and retaining the true, discarding the dross and selecting the essential, exporting more and importing the best, and resisting corruptive influences. All the different cultures may learn from each other’s strength to offset their own weakness and complement one another.。
武汉理工大学英语试题(工程硕士)
武汉理工大学英语试题(工程硕士)work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR武汉理工大学考试试题纸Part Ⅰ. Vocabulary (0.5 × 30)Directions: In this section there are 10 sentences. Each of the sentences has an underlined part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A,B,Cand D. Choose the one that best keeps the meaning of the underlined part. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1.The market management in this city needs to be reinforced by an effective law.A.investigatedB.resistedC.strengthenedD.operated2.This airport is notorious for its bad security.A.appealingB.memorableC.conversingD.infamous3.Further investigation conducted by a group of experts revealed previously hiddenfacts.A.uncoveredB.explainedC.behavedD.encouraged4.Real-life impressions of nature are more memorable than any lesson children canextract from a book.A.evaporateB. deriveC.rewardD.exhort5.Students will find how wind direction and intensity shift at different attitudes.A. enjoyB.exploreC.removeD.change6.She suddenly recalled that her blanket had been taken away.A. releasedB.rememberedC.reassuredD.relieved7.When he checked in a hotel ,it was already nine o’clock in the evening.A. inspectedB.registeredC.realized D .departed8.He expressed his gratitude to her for her favorable help with the experiment.A. congratulationsB.sphereC.thanksD.sympathy9.They spent 3 days in the desert without water, and they could not endure muchlonger.A. faceB.sufferstD.survive10.His concern forbids him to leave the house at such a time.A. persuadesB.permitsC.suspendD.prohibits11.If these bad weather conditions persist ,the game will be cancelled.A. stayB.continueC.permitD.insist12.Steps must be taken to reduce administration costs.A. governmentB.managementanizationD.instruction13.The economy grew at its fastest rate since 1980 owing to a boom in world trade.A. a birthB.an improvementC.a beginnigD.an increase14.The play was a great success, and it was all thanks to the effort and commitmentof everyone involved.A.because ofB.despite ofC.subject toD.attribute to15.Approximately 113,000 bicycles were reported stolen last yeat.A.TotallyB.ExactlyC.RoughlyD.Actually16.In many Russian cities basic foodstuffs are unavailable.A.not obtainableB.not eatableC.not suitableD.not producible17.You are legally entitled to take faulty goods back to the store where you boughtthem.A.have the right toB.have the title toC.have the honor toD.have the pleasure to18.He came out with such a(n) elaborate excuse that I didn’t quite believe him.A.goodB.beautifulC.detailedD.fine-sounding19.Everything will ultimately depend on what is said at the meeting with thedirectors next week.A.practicallyB.mainlyC.repeatedlyD.finally20.In theory ,the journey ought to take three hours ,but in practice it usually takesfour because of roadwork.A.FactuallyB.In factC.TheoreticallyD.In practice21.As more mations acquire nuclear weapons ,the necessity for preventing warbecomes imperative.A.exigentB.superiorC.statisticD.effective22.Some stores make a survey of all goods and materials in their stock once a monthso as to speed up their inventory liquidating.A.inventionB.stockC.discoveryD.capital23.It is useful occasionally to look at the past to gain a perspective on the future .A.aspectB.respectiveC.abilityD.outlook24.Because of his mischievous deeds towards his classmate,the child was hauled up before the principal.A.calledB.shoutedC.beatenD.scolded25.He lived in the most penurious manner,and denied himself every indulgence.A.luxuriousB.pitifulC.strictD.frugal26.He has committed such a blunder,no one can save him this time.A.madeB.metC.ceasedD.created27.Sophisticated edit facilities allow complicated musical forms to be created.A.ExpensiveB.High qualityC.Cleverplicated28.He was escorted by a group of soldiers under the command of Sarsfield.A.safe-guardedB.capturedC.arrestedD.lead29.The young man dreamed that a rich relative would die and leave him a legacy.A.heritageB.willC.houseD.lot of money30.Joy was now having her hair done,seated on a mat on the floor.A.chairB.benchC.small carpetD.stoolPart Ⅱ. Multiple Choices(0.5×20)31.He walked into the restaurant it had belonged to him.A.likeB.as ifC.so thatD.if32.Don’t eat that fruit it is ripe .A.unlessB.in caseC.ifD.so that33.He insured his car he had an accident.A.unlessB.ifC.in caseD.since34. we can make laws to protect certain animals,we are frequently incapable of controlling the enviroment.A.Ever ifB.WhateverC.AfterD.However35. you understand this rule ,you’ll have difficulty.A.WhileB.OnceC.ThoughD.Unless36. inspected this radio,he should have put his identification number on the box.A.ThatB.No matter whoC.WhaterverD.Whomever37.Although happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction,itcould occur elsewhere in the world.A.whatB.whichC.howD.itst week he promised today ,but he hasn’t arrived yet.A.that he would comeB.what would he comeC.which he came D .that he would have come39.His family had almost forgotten like.A.how his face wasB.which was his faceC.what his face wasD.that his face was40.It is obvious on more important things.A.which the money should we spendB.what the money should we spendC.that the money should we spendD.that we should spend the money41.At about the same time ,doctors began to understand together.A.which went dirt and diseaseB.what went dirt and diseaseC.that dirt and disease wentD.that did dirt and disease go42.These exercises are different fromA.that you expectB.what do you expectC.what you expectD.which you expect43. will be known tomorrow.A.If the flower will be blackB.When will the flower beC.Whether the flower is blackD.Whether is the flower black44.Not one of us has a clear idea about to do.A.that the others wantB.what the others wantC.which do the others wantD.what do the others want45.I will let you know the meeting will be held.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that46.I would gladly have attended your wedding if youA.would have invited meB.invited meC.could have invited meD.had invited me47.Jean would go to New York City, but she money mow .A.hadn’t haveB.would not haveC.has noD.would have48. ,he would help us without any hesitation.A.Were he hareB.Was he hereC.If he is hereD.Is he here49.But for the rain,we our destination before 5 yesterday.A.would have reachedB.reachedC.had reachedD.should reach50. Without water ,there no plants on the earth.A.would haveB.would beC.were to beD.werePart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (2 × 20)Passage 1Two men on a touring holiday of Britain were injured by an explosion in their motor van in the center of Norwich yesterday.Shoppers ,traders and businessmen in Red Lion Street were shocked by a loud bang,and seconds later the two men jumped over from the vehicle. Several people rushed to give assistance and helped to put out the fire inside the vehicle.“I heard this explosion .It was pretty loud. I thought it could have been a bomb.”said Mr.Leslie Webster, manager of the market ,who was working in his office in Red Lion Street.”I looked out of the window and saw this lad leap from the van and roll on the ground. Then another lad came out of the van. He seemed to be in a worse state--parts of his trousers were hanging below his knee.”Anyhow they two just got minor burns.“I came downstairs to get a fire extinguisher, but by the time I got outside someone from the bank was in the van with an extinguisher.”Mr.Webster, who lives at 71,Trinity Sereet,Norwich ,said both victims were shocked. One was taken into the market’s office to await an ambulance.”The second man insisted on going back into the van to see if everything was all right,and five minutes later he came out with a drawer that was blazing.”he added.The explosion was also heard inside the bank. Staff provided a fire extinguisher and telephoned for an ambulance.Although a plastic window was blown out ,damage inside the vehicle was mainly superficial.The two men have spent the last six months touring the Continent and has traveled to Norwich from Snetterton.At the time of the accident their wives were shopping in the city.51.The two men in the vanA.were unhurtB.were slightly hurtC.wer shocked and badly injuredD.needed a long-time treatment52.The word “leap” (Para. 3) most probably meansA.jump overB.step upC.fall downD.get out53.In Mr.Webster’s opinion ,the explosionA.was almost a bombB.wasn’t a bombC.was like a bombD.was a bomb54.In the accident .A.the bank was blown outB.the van was completely destroyedC.everything in the van was all rightD.the van was burned55.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Mr.Webster saw what had happened.B. Mr.Webster helped to put out the fire.C..Mr. Webster didn’t take a fire extinguisher to the van.D. Mr.Webster wanted to help in the accident but he didn’t have a chance. Passage 2It was September of 1620 when their ship ,called the “Mayflower” left port with 102 men,women and children on board.This was the worst season of the year for an ocean crossing ,and the trip was very uneven.After sixty-five days at sea,she landed in Provincetown Harbor,Massachusetts.The Pilgrim(清教徒) leaders knew that they were in unsettled territory which had no governing body.They also knew that in order to survive,every society needed a means of establishing and enforcing proper rules of conduct .Partly to protect themselves from others ,forty-one men aboard the ship held a meeting to choose their first governor and sign the historic Mayflower agreement,the first one for self-government in America.For about a month longer,the Pilgrims lived aboard ship and sent out parties to explore the costline of the bay. They found a harbor ,and cleared land ,which was an Indian village,but a disease a few years earlier had killed the entire Indian ing ashore in their small boat ,the Pilgrims landed on a large rock later named Plymouth Rock.This was the beginning of the second permanent English settement in America.The Pilgrims were poorly trained and poorly equipped to cope with life in the wilderness.During their first winter in the new land ,they suffered a great deal.Poor food ,hard work,diseases,and bitterly cold weather killed about half of them.By the end of this terrible first winter,only about fifty Plymouth colonists remained alive.One spring morning in 1621,an Indian walked into the little village of Plymouth and introduced himself in a friendly ter he brought the Indian chief ,who offered assistance.The Indians taught the Pilgrims how to hunt fish ,and grow food.Because of this help from the Indians ,the Pilgrims had a good harvest.Then the first Thanksgiving dinner was cooked and served out –of –doors ,and the holiday wasa great success.56.Which of the following well describes their trip?A.Happy and smoothB.Uncomfortable and roughC.Uncomfortable but smoothD.Uneven and exciting57.They decided to sign an agreement because .A.they needed rules for self-protectionB.they wanted everyone to be a good personC.they needed a governorD.it was unsettled country58.They stayed aboard for a month because .A.they were waiting for some helpB.they were afraid of IndiansC.they had to make some preparations ashoreD.they needed to make small boats59.In the first winter,the PilgrimsA.had a good timeB.had a big harvestC.had a fight with IndiansD.had a hard time60.The relationship between the Pilgrims and the Indians could be best described as .A.very hostileB.indifferentC.friendlyD.impartialPassage 3The early days of 1942 were dark ones.American troops were bravely trying to hold the Philippine Islands .But island after island fell to the Japanese.The Americans were driven back until all they held was the small island of Corregidor,where was the Philippine government’s gold and lions upon millions of pesos piled up there.It soon was clear that Corregidor was going to fall..The money could not be left there for the enemy.Hastily the gold and some of the silver were loaded on a small ship.Then a strange job was begun:two hundred million dollars of paper money were burned.Nearly sixteen million silver pesos were left,and there was no way to get it to the United States.So it was decided to dump it into the ocean.A ship made trip after trip back to the dock to pick up the silver and dump it in the south Channel.Only three men knew the exact spot where the pesos were dumped.Unfortunately the men were killed in the war.In 1945,the U.S.armed forces decided to find the silver.For a month ,the divers went over the site where most of the silver was thought to have been buried.They covered the bottom inch by inch and found no pesos.Then came a hint.A group of men had gone on an illegal treasure hunt of their own.They had found some five thousand pesos.A Filipino who had led the group was caught ,and he showed where he found the silver.The search went on day after day for ten months.By then the pesos were getting too hard to find. The Army and Navy decided they had done well enough.Some one third of the total had been recovered.In 1946 the new Philippine government gave licenses to anyone who wanted to search for the missing pesos.Some treasure hunters brought up hundreds and hundreds of pesos for their own.Now 1,678,000 pesos are still in the channel mud .The search is probably going on right at this moment.But ,as one of the divers said,“They’ll likely be diving for those pesos for a hundred years to come.”61.Why was the Corrigidor Island important?A.Because the American troops were stationedB.Because it was a part of the Japanese island.C.Because there were millions of pesos there.D.Because it was the last island for the Philippines62.What was the decision for the silver pesos?A.They were to be shipped to the United States.B.They were to be buried in the islandC.They were to be hidden in a Japanese island.D.they were to be dropped in the sea.63.Who first discovered the spot of dropped pesos?A. A FilipinoB.An AmericanC.A diverD. A Japanese64.How much of the silver was found by the American armed forces?A.40%B.30%C.60%D.90%65.Which of the following is true?A.Since 1946,no one is allowed to hunt for the silver.B.Nobody has found pesos since 1945.C.After 1946,people could find the silver by themselves.D.Searching for the silver is illegal.Passage 4Regular child care provided outside home or by someone other than the mother does not in itself undermine (削弱)healthy emotional connections between mothers and their 15-month –old infants ,according to a long-term national study.The finding holds even if care begins during the first 3 months after birth and runs for 30 hours or more per week.Among infants who receive unkind and unresponsive care from their mothers,,however,the mother-child relationship may be damaged.“This research helps us put apart complexities regarding child care that have not previously been studied in detail,”contends Jay Belsky,a psychologist at Pennsylvania State University.Belsky and several of his colleagues announced their findings last week at the international conferenece.The investigation consists of 1,153 children and their families living in or near Boston.The youngsters ,no more than 1month old when they entered the study in 1991,will be tracked until the age of 7.Experimenters administered questionnaires to mothers in their homes and videotaped baby caretakers interacting with the kids at ages 1,6,and 15 months. Independent observers rated the quality of each child care efforts and noted infant nervousness.Unlike most previous studies ,this one allows researchers to observe each caretaker’s personality at child nursing ,and kids’emotional reaction by the equipment.After taking family factors into account,other psychologist state that the researchers found no relation between the quality of child care and infants’response.But the experimenters contend that the boys who spent more than 30 hours per week in child care exhibited more emotion for their mothers than other boys who didn’t ,and the girls who spent the same hours per week in child care showed a modest rise in this emotion.Therefore ,quality of child care outside home plays an important role in the connection between mothers and infants.66.From the first paragraph we know that .A.mother care is the best according to a national studyB.child care outside home is the best in accordance with the studyC.regular child care outside home may play a role as a motherD.connections between mothers and infants are damaged by outside care67.Accordign to the passage,unresponsive care from a mother may .A.ruin a kid’s growthB.harm the mother--child tieC.injure a baby’s emotional reactionD.spoil a child’s personality68.Jay Belsky implies that the study of child care .A.was never carried out in the pastB.was not much done in detail in the pastC.was greatly ignored by psychologists and researchersD.was interesting ,but very difficult to make discovery69.The main difference between the investigation and the previous ones is that .A.the researchers started with only one month old infantsB.the observers could rate the quality of child care efforts and analyzed them soonC.the researchers were able to give the questionnaires to mothers in their homesD.video equipment enabled researchers to observe what was happening directly70.The girls who received the same hours of child care outside home as the boysdemonstrated .A.a little more emotion for their mothersB.less emotion for their mothersC.a modest rise in the mental developmentD.a slight decline in the personality developmentPartⅣ.Cloze(10%)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C),D)on the right side of the paper,You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.It’s an annual back-to–school routine.One morning you wave goodbye,and that 71 evening you’re burning the late-night oil in sympathy.In the race to improve educational standards, 72 are throwing the books at kids. 73 elementary school students are complaining of homework 74 .What’s a well-meaning parent to do? As hard as 75 may be , sit back and chill,experts advise. Though you’ve got to get them to do it , 76 helping too much, or even examing 77 too carefully ,you may keep them 78 doing it by themselves.“I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every 79 assignment ,”says psychologist John Rosemond ,author of Ending the Tough Homework.“There’s a 80 of appreciation for trial and error.Let your children 81 the grade they deserve.”Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their 82 .But “you don’t want them to feel it has to be 83 ,”she says.That’s not to say parents should 84 homework –first,they should monitor how much homework their kids 85 .Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in 86 four,five,and six is standard,says Rosemond.For junior –high students it should be “ 87 more than an hour and a half”, and two for high-school students.If your child 88 has more homework than this ,you may want to check 89 other parents and then talk to the teacher about 90 assignment.71. A)very B)exact C)right D)usual72. A) officials B)parents C)experts D) schools73. A)Also B) Even C)Then D) However74. A)fatigue B) confusion C)duty D)puzzle75. A)there B) we C) they D)it76. A)via B) under C) by D) for77. A)questions B) answers’ C)standards D) rules78. A)off B)without C)beyond D) from79. A)single B) piece C) page D)other80. A)drop B)short C) cut D) lack81. A)acquire B) earn C)gather D) reach82. A)exercises B) defects C) mistakes D)tests83. A)perfect B) better C) unusual D)complete84. A)forget B)refuse C)miss D)ignore85. A)have B) prepare C)make D) perform86. A)classes B) groups C)grades D)terms87. A)about B)no C)much D)few88. A)previously B) rarely C)merely D) consistently89. A)with B)in C)out D)up90. A)finishing B) lowering C)reducing D) decliningPartⅤ: Translation(10%)Section A (5% )Directions :Read the following passage carefully. Then translate it into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.在过去的10年中，中国的经济发生了巨大的变化。
2023年工程硕士《英语运用能力测试》考试历年真题摘选附带答案
2023年工程硕士《英语运用能力测试》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】We need a more capable leader, ______ with strong will and as well as good humour.A.whoB.thatC.oneD.which2.【单选题】On hearing a great noise, Mike looked forward through the window_____ what happened outside the room.A.to seeingB. to seeC.seeingD.to have seen3.【单选题】In fact Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than ____ in New York.A.to stayB.stayedC.stayD.having stayed4.【单选题】There were many more people who got injured in the big fire than_______.A. was reportedB.it was reportedC.were reportedD. they were reported5.【单选题】I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John's birthday party, _____?A.didn't IB.didn't youC. hadn't youD.will you6.【单选题】We all think that _____ no need to make laws to prevent the young from getting married during their college life.A.it isB.there hasC. it hasD.there is7.【单选题】My train arrive in New York at eight o'clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there ______by then.A.would leaveB.will have leftC.has leftD.had left8.【单选题】There are some police cars in front. What do you suppose _____?A.is the matterB.is happenedC.is the wrongD.the trouble is9.【单选题】Generally speaking, the hard one works, _______.A.the better he gets resultB.the better result he getsC. he gets better resultD. does he get better result10.【单选题】No matter how frequently _____ the works of Beethoven always attracta large number of people.A.performingB.performedC.to be performedD.being performed11.【单选题】A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infected by SARS, ________were surprising.A. as resultsB.which resultsC. the results of itD.the results of which12.【单选题】The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things _____ to teach you the art of learning.A.asB.thanC.butD. that13.【单选题】It _____ quite a few years _____ the accused was declared innocent and set free.A.was; sinceB.is; thatC.is; thatD.was; before14.【单选题】here has been a great increase in retail sales , ____ ﹖A.does thereB.isn't thereC. hasn't thereD.isn't it15.【单选题】We hadn't met for 20 years, but I recognized her_____ I saw her.A.the momentB.for the momentC.the moment whenD. at the moment when16.【单选题】Ms Nancy didn't mind at all ______ to the ceremony.A.being not invitedB.not being invitedC.not being invitedD.not to be invited17.【单选题】Postage ______, the necklace will cost you at least 650 yuan.A.includingB.includedC.includeD.to be included18.【单选题】______ that no one was ever prepared for it.A.So suddenly did the bad news comeB.So suddenly the bad news cameC. So did the bad news come suddenlyD. Did the bad news come so suddenly19.【单选题】The professor said he could talk on _____ interested the audience.A.any topicB.which topicC.whichever topicD.the topic he thought it20.【单选题】_____ of water makes Death Valley a desert, but it is by no means devoid.ckingB.Being lackC.Because of lackck第2卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】There were many more people who got injured in the big fire than _______.A.was reportedB.it was reportedC.were reportedD.hey were reported2.【单选题】Everyone hopes that we can do something to make things better, so we can't help ______ under the stress.A.but workingB.but to workC. workD. but work3.【单选题】You ____ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.A. shouldn't followB.mustn't followC.couldn't have been followingD.shouldn't have been following4.【单选题】During the tourist season, there are many people wandering in this city to see the old castles _____ in the sixteenth century.A.to be builtB.being builtC. having been builtD.built5.【单选题】In recent years much more emphasis has been put______ developing the students productive skills.A.ontoB. inC.overD.on6.【单选题】______ which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time.A.Leaving to wonderB.Having left to wonderC.Left wonderingD.Left to wonder7.【单选题】It is the news ____ most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can.A.that depriveB.hat it deprivesC. that deprivesD.when it deprives8.【单选题】Modern science and technology has _____ communication between people far apart.A.made convenientB. made it convenientC.made it convenient forD.made it convenient to9.【单选题】"______ the friendship between our two people last forever!", and with this sincere hope, the president concluded his speech.A.CouldB.MayC.WouldD. Must10.【单选题】It is no longer a problem _______ the poor children in this district can go to school.A.thatB. whetherC.soD.because11.【单选题】George applied for the position three times ______ he finally got it.A.beforeB. untilC.whenD.after12.【单选题】We must remember that _____fashion is not the most important thing in _______ life.A./; theB. /; /C.the; /D. the; the13.【单选题】Many people attend various public lectures, chiefly ______ themselves familiar with the latest development of different fields.A.gettingB. to getC. to have gotD. got14.【单选题】Under no circumstance _____ to tell lies to parents.A.children are allowedB.are children allowedC.children will allowD.will children allow15.【单选题】The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____his arguments in favor of the new theory.A. to be based onB.to base onC.which to base onD. on which to base16.【单选题】Professor Wang , _______ for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.A.knowingB. knownC.to be knownD.having known17.【单选题】You ______ be driven out of the school if you dare to cheat in the exam.A.shouldB.wouldC.willD. shall18.【单选题】Part of the work is to be finished today and ______ by this weekend.A.anotherB.the othersC.the restD.the other19.【单选题】In fact Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than ____ in New York.A.to stayB.stayedC.stayD. having stayed20.【单选题】Many workers were organized to clear away remained of the World Trade Center.A.thoseB.thatC. whatD.where第1卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：C2.正确答案：B3.正确答案：C4.正确答案：A5.正确答案：B6.正确答案：D7.正确答案：B8.正确答案：A9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：B11.正确答案：D12.正确答案：A13.正确答案：D14.正确答案：C15.正确答案：A16.正确答案：B17.正确答案：B18.正确答案：A19.正确答案：D20.正确答案：D第2卷参考答案一.全考点综合测验1.正确答案：A2.正确答案：D3.正确答案：D4.正确答案：D5.正确答案：D6.正确答案：C7.正确答案：C8.正确答案：A9.正确答案：B10.正确答案：A11.正确答案：A12.正确答案：B13.正确答案：B14.正确答案：B15.正确答案：D16.正确答案：B17.正确答案：D18.正确答案：C19.正确答案：C20.正确答案：B。
工程硕士英语-测试习题集英译汉、汉译英、作文
Test1汉译英在探寻既现代又独具中国特色的风格时、可以保留、模仿或是忽略传统的建筑模式。
在过去的100年中，新技术已改变了建筑的种种可能性。
改进了的电梯使建筑师可以设计真正的摩天大楼(skyscraper)、同时空调的发展已使得大型综合性建筑得以兴建。
In the search for a style that is both modern and uniquely Chinese，traditional architectural patterns can be preserved，copied or ignored．Over the last 100 years new technology has transformed architectural possibilities．Improved elevators enabled architects to design true Skyscrapers，and the development of air-conditioning has al1owed the construction of large building complexes．英译汉In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem less important because of greater needs: the need to shelter from cruel news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to expose dishonesty or to promote the public interest．At times，doctors see important reasons to lie for the patient‟s own sake; in their eyes，such 1ies differ sharply from self-serving ones, “ours is a profession which truth‟s sake, and that is …as far as possible do no harm‟”.在医疗行业就和在法律、政府与其他行业中一样、对诚实的要求似乎经常因为更大的需要而显得不那么重要：需要掩盖残酷的消息，或是需要倍守保密的诺言；需要捐露欺骗行为，或是需要促进公众利益。
357-英语翻译基础-扬州大学2024年硕士研究生初试试卷真题
扬州大学2024年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题（A卷）科目代码357科目名称英语翻译基础满分150分注意：①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！I.Translate the following terms into Chinese.(15points,1point each)1.Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation2.a community of shared developmentrge language model4.show leniency to people who make mistakes5.Global AI Governance Initiative6.movie box office revenue during Spring Festival holiday7.artificial intelligence ecosystem8.World Internet Conference Wuzhen Summit9.International Science and Technology Cooperation Initiative10.at-home care services for the elderly11.International Monetary Fund12.World Youth Development Forum13.Hangzhou Asian Para Games14.regulations to protect minors in cyberspace15.the tiered and classified social assistance systemII.Translate the following terms into English.(15points,1point each)1.世界科幻大会2.普惠金融高质量发展3.全球可持续交通高峰论坛4.火炬传递5.粮食安全保障体系6.“金砖”扩员7.模块化小型核反应堆8.恢复和扩大消费9.防汛救灾工作10.可再生能源装机容量11.文物保护利用12.民营经济13.高标准农田14.数字化转型15.中国-中亚峰会III.Translate the following passages into Chinese.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(60points,20points each)Passage OneWhen we consider the situation of the human mind in nature,its limited plasticity and few channels of communication with the outer world,we need not wonder that we grope for light,or that we find incoherence and instability in human systems of ideas.The wonder rather is that we have done so well,that in the chaos of sensations and passions that fills the mind we have found any leisure for self-concentration and reflection,and have succeeded in gathering even a light harvest of experience from our distracted labours.Our occasional madness is less wonderful than our occasional sanity.Relapses into dreams are to be expected in a being whose brief existence is so like a dream;but who could have been sure of this sturdy and indomitable perseverance in the work of reason in spite of all checks and discouragements?Passage TwoIt is simple enough to say that since books have classes—fiction,biography,poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us.Yet few people ask from books what books can give us.Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds,asking of fiction that it shall be true,of poetry that it shall be false,of biography that it shall be flattering,of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices.If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read,that would be an admirable beginning.Do not dictate to your author;try to become him.Be his fellow-worker and accomplice.If you hang back,and reserve and criticize at first,you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read.But if you open your mind as widely as possible,then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness,from the twist and turn of the first sentences,will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other.Steep yourself in this,acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you,or attempting to give you,something far more definite.Passage ThreeVery ready we are to say of a book,“How good this is—that’s exactly what I think!”But the right feeling is,“How strange that is!I never thought of that before,and yet I see it is true;or if Ido not now,I hope I shall,some day.”But whether thus submissively or not,at least be sure that you go to the author to get at his meaning,not to find yours.Judge it afterwards,if you think yourself qualified to do so;but ascertain it first.And be sure also,if the author is worth anything, that you will not get at his meaning all at once;—nay,that at his whole meaning you will not for a long time arrive in any wise.Not that he does not say what he means,and in strong words too; but he cannot say it all;and what is stranger,will not,but in a hidden way and parables,in order that he may be sure you want it.I cannot quite see the reason of this,nor analyze that cruel reticence in the breasts of wise men which makes them always hide their deeper thought.They do not give it to you by way of help,but of reward,and will make themselves sure that you deserve it before they allow you to reach it.IV.Translate the following passages into English.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(60points,20points each)Passage One我开始写小说，是在进了女师的第二年，那时刚满十五岁。
工程硕士模拟试题A卷
2014年硕士学位研究生B入学资格考试模拟试卷（供应试语种为英语的考试使用）第一部分语言表达能力测试第二部分数学基础能力测试第三部分逻辑推理能力测试第四部分外语运用能力测试（英语）考生须知1．本试卷考试时间为180分钟，分语言表达能力测试、数学基础能力测试、逻辑推理能力测试和外语运用能力测试四部分；每部分参考答题时间45分钟，满分100分，共400分。
2．本试卷所有题均为单项选择题，即各题四个备选项中仅有一个选项是正确的。
不选、错选或多选均不得分。
3．各题答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡各部分指定区域内，其他笔填涂的或做在试卷上的答案无效。
4．做外语运用能力测试部分前，请务必将应试语种填涂在答题卡指定位置。
由于未填或填涂错误得不到成绩的，责任由考生自负。
5．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考试胶卷的凭据）。
否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。
第一部语言表达能力测试（50题，每题2分，满分100分）一、选择题1．下列词语中加点的字的读音全都正确的一项是：A．拂．（fó）晓形骸．（hái）百舸．（gě）争流殚．（dān）精竭虑B．精悍．（hàn）脸颊．（xiá）惊魂甫．（fǔ）定身陷囹圄．（yǔ）C．稽．（jī）查信笺．（jiān）海市蜃．（shèn）楼力能扛．（gāng）鼎D．矫．（jiǎo）正角．（jué）色游目骋．（chěng）怀同仇敌忾．（gài）2．下列各句中没有．．错别字的一项是：A．立足城市，兼顾农村，幅射沿海，走向世界——这是会议定下的基本方针。
B．全文一气呵成，言简意骇，虽不足五百字，却堪称小品中的上佳之作。
C．原定五年完成临摹任务，但自经历这场变故，他已失去了一股作气的心劲。
D．竹子生于山区、平原，或一两株临窗，或三五丛傍水，为生活平添许多情趣。
3．下列加点字释义全都正确的一组是：A．方兴未艾．（停止）不足为训．（教训）韦编三绝．（断绝）B．莫衷．一是（决断）莫逆．之交（抵触）相形见绌．（不足）C．否极．泰来（极点）汗流浃．背（湿透）不速．之客（快捷）D．暴殄．天物（灭绝）不共戴．天（尊奉）不即．不离（接近）4．下列语句没有．．语病的一项是：A．政府部门招商就合理吗？如果技术监督、环境保护、税务审计等部门把招来的投资用于制造假冒伪劣、污染环境、漏税逃税，那该怎么管理？B．彼得堡接近北极圈，由于每天晚上十二点钟太阳还在天上，使我们每天在那里的游览时间都能增加好几个小时。
【基础英语】工程硕士研究生期末考试试题A (闭卷考试)
工程硕士研究生期末考试试题A (闭卷考试)课程名称: 基础英语 学号 姓名Section A (10 points)Directions: In this section there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.1. She had supposed human ingenuity would find ways to overcome food shortages and overpopulation.A. findingsB. clevernessC. curiosityD. inventions2. The powers of the atom are about to be harnessed for ever-greater production.A. hardenedB. convertedC. changedD. utilized3. He had a distinct feeling that something was wrong.A. differentB. clearC. plainD. vague4. Benchmarking deserves credit for inspiring some legendary corporate turnarounds.A. beliefB. honorC. praiseD. money5 Xe rox CEO David Kearns initially launched the successful “Leadership through Quality” program to boost product quality.A. aidB. promoteC. improveD. encourage6. Xerox has been able to reclaim the market leadership position that had one been threatened.A. cry outB. draw backC. call backD. demand back7. Fellow workers on campus have set up a few committees to unite all of them.A. nativeB. guyC. partnerD. colleagues8. The speaker spent several days polishing his speech.A. writingB. readingC. improvingD. editing9. The knocking at the window startled me.A. frightenedB. movedC. objectedD. excited10. She was obliged to abandon her original idea..A. observeB. give upC. changeD. modifySection B (10 points)Directions: In this section, there are ten incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET .11. We _________ red balls for blue, to see if the baby would notice.A. substitutedB. changedC. replacedD. transformed12. He worked so well that he was soon __________ to the position of manager.A. advancedB. reversedC. increasedD. raised13. A commission was set up to _____________ historical houses in the city.A. involveB. preserveC. surviveD. verify14. You can see the house _____________ for years.A. isn’t paintedB. hasn’t paintedC. hadn’t been paintedD. hasn’t been painted15. By 2008, the university__________-20000 postgraduates.A. will be trainedB. had trainedC. will have trainedD. will be training16. He ordered the work ____________.A. starting at onceB. to be started at onceC. to start at onceD. at once to tart17. This room is ___________ hat one.A. three times big thanB. three times as big asC. three times biggerD. bigger three times than18. She found a place in the building ________ she used as her first laboratory.A. whichB. whereC. in whichD. when19. It is the best film________ I’ve ever seen.A. itB. whichC. thatD. what20. He insured his car ___________ he had an accident.A. unlessB. ifC. in caseD. sinceII. Reading comprehension. (1.5 points x 20=30 points)Questions 21-25 are based on the following passage.The black robin is one of the world’s rarest birds .It is a small, wild bird, and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere, off the coast of New Zealand. In 1967there were about fifty black robins there; in 1977there were fewer than ten. These are the only black robins left in the world. The island has many other birds ,of course ,of different kinds ,large and small; these seem to multiply very happily.Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin-to guard those remaining and to increase their number. Detailed studies are going on, and a public appeal for money has been made. The idea is to buy another island nearby as a special home , a “reserve”, for threatened wild life ,including black robins. The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked with the robin’s food-it eats only one kind of seed-and so renewed for it .Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand. The public appeal is aimed at the conscience of mankind, so that the wild black robin will not die out and disappear from the earth in our time at least.Is all this concern a waste of human effort? Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out? Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?In the earth’s long, long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved, risen to a degree of success-and died out .In the long, long future there will be many new and different forms of life. Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time. Those that fail to m eet the challenges will disappear early. That is Nature’s proven method of operation.The rule of selection-“the survival of the fittest”-is the one by which man has himself arrived on the scene .He ,being one of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced ,may last longer than most. Some creatures, certain small animals, insects and birds, will almost certainly outlast man, for they seemeven more adaptable. You may take it as another rule that when ,at last ,man shows signs of dying out ,on other creature will extend a paw to postpone his departure .On the contrary ,he will be hurried out; for Nature ,though fair ,is a hardhearted mistress. She has no favorites.Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins. I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.21. The black robin is dying out mainly because________.A. people have been very careless about its survival.B. Its only food is becoming exhausted on Little Mangere.C. The other birds on the island have destroyed it.D. The appeal of money has come on the wrong time.22. As regards selection and survival ,the decisive factor seems to be _________.A. the ability to adapt to the changed or changing condition.B. The number of wild life revere that are available.C. The concern and generosity of the public.D. The size of the home, or the amount of space one has to live in.23. “What the earth offers” here means _____________.A. food, drink and air.B. Rivers, forests and hills.B. All conditions that affect life D. Things that are necessary for survival.24.In the last paragraph but one ,the writer says ,“…no other creature will extend a paw to postpone his departure.” It means that ___________.A. man’s friends on earth won’t persuade him to stay on.B. Ot her animals won’t do anything to help man survive.C. Small animals and birds will all come to say good bye.D. Man’s fellow creatures won’t attack him with their paws.25. The essay seems to suggest that ___________.A. man alone is to blame when such a thing happens.B. All creatures are concerned about the survival of others.C. It is a disaster for everyone when one kind of bird dies,D. Nature expects and accepts the dying out of weaker breeds.Questions 26-30 are based on the following passage.Drunken driving—sometimes called America s socially accepted form of murder –has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250 000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American macho image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well—publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18—20 –year—old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously intoxicated" and later drove off the road, killing a nine- year-old boy.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the l3 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forget that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.26. Drunken driving has become major problem in America because _______.A. most Americans are heavy drinkersB. Americans are now less shocked by road accidentsC. accidents attract so much publicityD. drinking is a socially accepted habit in America27. Why has public opinion regarding drunken driving changed?A. Detailed statistics are now available.B. The news media have highlighted the problem.C. Judges are giving more severe sentences.D. Drivers are more conscious of their image.28. Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that ________.A. many drivers were not of legal ageB. young drivers were often bad driversC. the level of drinking increased in the 1960sD. the legal drinking age should be raised29. Laws recently introduced in some states have _______.A. reduced the number of convictionsB. resulted in fewer serious accidentsC. prevented bare from serving drunken customersD. Specified the amount drivers can drink30. Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve?A. Alcohol is easily obtainedB. Drinking is linked to organized crimeC. Legal prohibition has already failedD. Legislation alone is not sufficientQuestions 31-35 are based on the following passage.Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know.First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indianscommunicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. There are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backwards in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.31In the second paragraph the author thinks that_____A. some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own.B. some race in history didn’t possess a language of its own.C.any human race, whether backward or not, has a language.D.some races on earth can communicate without language.32. According to the author, people of undeveloped cultures can have______ languages.A. complicatedB. uncivilizedC. primitive B. well-known33. The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are_______A. just as cold as some well-known languages.B.just as sophisticated as some well-known languages.C.more developed than some well-known languages.D.more complex than some well-known languages.34. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. language is a means of expressing a particular culture.B.All languages can well express their respective cultures.C.American Indian languages are as sophisticated as English.D.Some languages are better than other languages.35. According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur in _______A.grammar.B. pronunciation.C. vocabulary.D. intonation.Questions 36-40 are based on the following passage.There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably ,some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with ,an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual-the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth ,and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died ,and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was l25, twenty-fivepoints higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities ,the twins ,having identical brains , would have been tested at roughly the same level.36. This selection can be titled _____.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. Pitfalls for the I. Q. Test37. The best statement of the main idea of the passage is that ____.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence38 According to the passage, the average I.Q.is ______.A.85B.110C.100D.12539. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _____.A. individuals with identical brains are seldom tested at the same levelB. an individual's intelligence is determined solely by his environmentC. children reared under average conditions possess average intelligenceD. lack of opportunity hinders the growth of intelligence40. This passage suggests that an individual's I. Q._______.A. can be predicted at birthB. is inherited from his parentsC. stays the same through his lifeD. can be increased by educationIII. Cloze (1×1=10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and write the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET.Which hand do you use more? Of course, you do many things 41 riding a bicycle with both. Often you use only one hand. For example, when you play table-tennis, the 42 are that you use your right hand. Most people are right-handed, but " there are 43 of "lefties" in the world; there are over 25 million in North America 44 .Psychologists who study these things tell us that children use both hands 45 well until they are around three. Then they 46 begin to prefer one hand to another. .47 suggest that left-handed people are more creative and more 48 than right-handed people. Not all the news 49 good, though: lefties are also more stubborn and more 50 than right-handed people. They are more likely to suffer from stuttering or to have difficulty learning to read. This is especially true if they were forced to use their right hand as a child.In the past, left-handed people were often cursed and regarded with suspicion or fear. Those days' are gone. Nowadays, in large cities you can usually find special stores selling all kinds of things for left-handed people, such as scissors, golf clubs, guitars and cameras.41. A namely B. when C. such as D. same as42. A answers B. chances C. tendencies D. trends43. A millions B. billions C. thousands D. tens of thousands44. A oneself B. lone C. lonely D. alone45. A equally B. quite C. the same D. surely46. A slowly B. gradually C. steadily D. suddenly47.A Proof B. Fact . C. Evidence D. Story48. A athlete B. athletic C. sportsman D. sportsmanship49. A is B. are C. was D. were50. A angry B. hot-headed C. impulsive D. urgent2.All buildings had been __________ hospitals.3.Though it looked like rain this morning, it has ___________ a fine day.4.The truck was carrying a ________ of bananas.5.The design is worthless for all __________purposes.6.In this competitive world, it is better for any firms to gain technological_________.7.The organization works to _____________ friendship between nations.8. A political dispute ___________six nations may be settled by an agreement between them.9.All this occurred in an already ___________ poor country.10.Why don’t you do something__________ in your spare time?V. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese and write the answer on the answer sheet. (10 points)Water is very important to living things. Without water there can be no life on Earth. All animals and plants need water. Man also needs water. We need water to drink, to cook our food and to clean ourselves. Water is needed in offices, factories and schools. Where else is water needed? Water covers about seventy percent of the Earth's surface. There is water in seas, rivers, lakes, springs(泉) and wells. Water is found almost everywhere, Even in the driest part of the world there is some water in the air. You cannot see it or feel it when it is part of the air. The water in oceans and lakes and streams is a liquid. The water in the air is not a liquid but a gas. We call it water vapor. Clouds are made of water. They may be made of tiny drops of water. They may also be made of snow crystals. Snow crystals are tiny crystals of ice. Ice is frozen water or water that has become solid.VI. Translate the following sentences into English and write the answer on the answer sheet. (10 points)1. 现在人们把电视机当作必备的生活用品之一。
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(A卷)Part I Paragraph Writing (20%)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:How to Keep Psychologically Healthy?You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1.心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因；2.分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺乏知识、缺乏人际交往能力等方面分析)；3.你认为人们应如何保持心理健康。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%)Directions: In this part, you will have to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet. For questions 1-5, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 6-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Celebrating FamiliesWhen I lived in Long Island, New York, my family lived all around. They were about ten to thirty minutes away from where I lived.My grandparents and great grandparents lived around the corner from each other and other family members weren’t too far behind.Today, families live all over the world. Although a lot of families still live in the same state, the majority live miles and even days apart. I believe a lot of this has to do with the economy, job opportunities, and venturing(敢于)out to do and have better things.But as far as the Family Unit is important and unfortunately there are a lot of us who don’t live near family, there are several ways in which we can communicate and bond with our family members.1. Family Reunion. Organize a family reunion. Find someone within your family that is willing to help you plan this event. Rent a beach house, country club, or have it in your own backyard. Make favors, have food, entertainment, or whatever your budget(收支预算)can afford.2. Emails and Technology. Today the Internet is soaring. We can send “live messages” to our folks and loved ones through the Internet. Emails are a great way to get in touch with people from all over the world.3. Eat Meals Together. Many of us today are running on empty. We are forever looking at ourdate books, talking on cell phones, and logging(登录) onto the Internet. We are all talking, but no one is communicating. Reschedule your dinner time and make it a point to have dinner every night with your kids and spouse.4. Family Newsletter.Design a family newsletter. This is a great way to communicate with family members and to let them know what is going on in your life. Make it colorful and decorative.5. Road trip. Plan a fun road trip. Depending on where you live, where can you go that is not that far, but about two hours away? Fill a picnic basket with food and drinks, stop for a picnic on the way to your destination. Get some ice cream and visit places exciting along the way..6. Handmade Cards. Creativity Is Booming! Today there are so many businesses that offer products to make handmade gifts. This is an inexpensive way to send a greeting whenever you want without having to spend a lot of money. Places like Michaels, Ben Franklins, and Wal-Mart sell many fun and creative items to help provide a personal touch.7. A Phone Call Away. With today’s technology, there is more access to how we can communicate with others. Cell phones and the phone company have wonderful rates and specials to allow us to call long distance at a reasonable price. Check into a cell phone and see what your budget can afford.Today, do something on the list and get in touch with a loved one.当我住在长岛,纽约,我的家庭生活。
他们大约十到三十分钟远离我住的地方。
我的祖父母和伟大的祖父母住在拐角处从对方和其他家庭成员不太远。
今天,世界各地的家庭生活。
虽然很多家庭仍然生活在同一个国家,绝大多数生活英里甚至天分开。
我相信这与经济,就业机会和冒险(敢于),还有更重要的事情。
但就家庭是很重要的,不幸的是有很多的人不生活在家庭,有几种方法,我们可以交流与我们的家庭成员和债券。
1。
家庭团聚。
组织一次家庭聚会。
找一个在你的家庭愿意帮助你计划这个事件。
租一间海滨别墅,乡村俱乐部,或在自己的后院。
支持,有食物、娱乐、或任何你的预算(收支预算)可以负担得起。
2。
电子邮件和技术。
今天的互联网是飙升。
我们可以发送“实时信息”的人通过互联网和爱人。
电子邮件是一个伟大的方式来接触来自世界各地的人们。
3所示。
一起吃饭。
今天我们很多人是空的。
我们永远看着书,我们约会在手机,和日志记录(登录)发布到互联网上。
我们都说,但是没有人交流。
重新安排你的晚餐时间,使它成为一个指向每天晚上与你的孩子和配偶一起吃晚饭。
4所示。
家庭通讯。
设计一个家庭通讯。
这是一个伟大的方式与家庭成员和沟通,让他们知道发生了什么在你的生活中。
使它丰富多彩和装饰。
5。
公路旅行。
计划一个有趣的客场之旅。
取决于你住在哪里,你能去的地方不远,但是大约两小时吗?野餐篮子里装满食物和饮料,停止野餐的目的地。
得到一些冰淇淋和参观令人兴奋的地方。
6。
手工制作的卡片。
创造力是蓬勃发展!今天有很多的企业提供产品手工制作的礼物。
这是一种并不昂贵的方式随时发送问候,而不必花很多钱。
麦克、本·富兰克林和沃尔玛出售许多有趣的和创造性的项目帮助提供个人联系。
7所示。
一个电话。
今天的技术,有更多的访问我们如何与他人沟通。
手机和电话公司有很好的利率和特价允许我们长途电话在一个合理的价格。
检查到一个手机,看看你的预算可以负担得起。
今天,做一些在名单上,与亲人取得联系。
Choose the best answers to the following questions:1.In the passage, the author mainly________________________.A.talks about the importance of family reunionB.tells us something about his familyC.gives some tips to those who don’t live near family on how people can communicate and bondwith their family membersD.talks about families all over the world2.The author’s grandparents and great grandparents lived____________________.A.in a big house with other family membersB.very close to each otherC.very far from each otherD.on the same corner of the street3.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as to the ways in which peoplecommunicate with their family members?A.Family trees.B.Family newsletters.C.Handmade cards.D.Emails.4.The places fit for family reunion mentioned in the passage include the following placesexcept____________________________.A.a beach houseB.one’s own backyardC. a public houseD.a country club5.The author suggests people_____________________.A.chat with their folks and loved ones on the InternetB.stop for a picnic on the way to their destinationC.make handmade gifts, for it is an expensive way to send a greetingD.have dinner every night with their children and spouse at homeComplete the following sentences with the information given in the passage.6 According to the author, _____of families in the world live far away from each other nowadays.7. Eating meals together is a way of________________.8. Family newsletters let people know________________.9. The author suggests several places where_______are sold to help make handmade gifts.10. _____________lets us have more ways in which we can communicate with others.Part III Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) (30%)Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to15 are based on the following passage.There are some steps you can take yourself to avoid catching a cold. Contrary to popular belief, colds are not caused by exposure to severe weather. Colds are caused by viruses(病毒)harbored in the body, and you are better off out on the ski slopes or even waiting for the bus on a snowy day than you are in a warm room, surrounded by friends, co-workers or fellow students, who just may be passing the viruses around. If you feel a chill when you’re coming down with a cold, you’re already sick. A chill is an early symptom: It’s the cold that caused the chill, not the other way around.While the virus can spread through droplets(飞沫)propelled into the air when a cold-sufferer coughs or sneezes. Surprisingly, this is not the most common route of transmission. Numerous studies have now shown that the overwhelming majority of colds are “caught” by hand contact. A cold sufferer rubs her nose, thereby transferring the virus to her hand. Then a friend comes to visit. “Don’t kiss me,” she cautions, so the friend steps back and presses her hand. The friend then wipes her own nose or eye, and several days later is stricken with a cold. Or parents pick up their child’s discarded(丢弃的)tissues and carefully throw them away, but fail to wash their hands afterward.Cold viruses also can be transferred to objects—telephones, towels, plates and remain infectious for up to three hours. Frequent hand-washing—on the part of the cold sufferer as well as other members of the household—will minimize the spread of viruses in this way.有一些步骤你可以避免感冒。