动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份 (一)
必修4动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语
年级高一学科英语版本人教实验版内容标题必修4 Unit 3 A taste of English humor动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语编稿老师林静【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容:动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语二. 知识精讲(一)动词的ing形式作表语1. 动名词作表语一般表示抽象的、习惯性的行为,这时主语与表语的位置可以互换。
Her duty is taking care of the babies.照看婴儿是她的职责。
Our job is playing all kinds of music.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐2. 现在分词作表语,表明的是主语的性质与特征,相当于形容词,可有比较级形式,亦可被very, quite,so等副词修饰,这时主语与表语的位置不可互换The music they are playing sounds exciting.他们演奏的音乐是如此令人兴奋The film we saw last night is quite moving.我们昨晚看的电影十分感人。
(二)动词的ing形式作定语1. 动名词作定语,表示该名词的用途或与其有关的动作,通常只能放在所修饰的名词前。
a walking stick手杖 reading room 阅览室 washing machine洗衣机2.现在分词作定语,说明所修饰的名词正在进行的动作或存在的状态,现在分词与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系,可换成定语从句来表达,单个的现在分词作定语常置于被修饰的名词前,现在分词短语作定语须置于被修饰的名词后。
Nobody can stop the running horse(=the horse that is running).没人能阻止那匹奔跑的马。
The student making the experiment(=who is making the experiment) is our monitor.正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。
现在分词
现在分词概说一.动词的-ing形式,除了作动名词外,还可以起其他作用,称为现在分词,它在句中可用来:1)构成谓语(主要是构成各种进行时态):e.g.They are doing some pattern practice. 他们在做句型练习。
She is seeing a friend off. 她在给一个朋友送行。
2)构成不定式的进行形式:e.g.He seems to be worrying about something.他似乎在为什么事发愁。
Walter happened to be working in the next room.沃尔特碰巧在隔壁屋里干活。
3)作表语:e.g.The situation is quite encouraging.形势很令人鼓舞。
4)作定语:e.g.He found her a charming girl.他发现她是位迷人的姑娘。
5) 构成复合宾语:e.g.I watched the children flying kites.我看孩子们放风筝。
6) 作状语:e.g.We spent all day looking for you.我们花了一整天找你。
作为动词,它也可有自己的宾语(a)或状语(b),以构成现在分词短语:e.g.a. He stood there for two hours watching the game.他在那里站了两个钟头看比赛。
b. I saw her speaking to a neighbour.我看见她和一位邻居讲话。
间或还可跟表语:Feeling tired, I went to bed. 我感到很累就睡觉了。
二.现在分词可有下面这些形式:1. 现在分词作表语1)现在分词常可用作表语,特别是那些表示情绪的词:e.g.The dirty street is disgusting.那条肮脏的街道令人厌恶。
The report is most alarming.这份报告很令人惊恐。
(完整版)高中英语语法——动词ing形式的用法
3. 在介词后接动名词作宾语
1) I insist on taking proper food for this trip. 2) Instead of smiling, each of them made a face. 3) She was very interested in working for our company.
1)Walking is a good form of exercise for both
young and old. 2)Watching news on TV has become a routine
for me. 3)Going to Hangzhou by train takes about
没有比……更糟的 • There is/was no point doing 做……无意义
Try to tell the meaning of each sentence.
1)There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 若要人不知, 除非己莫为。 2)There is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。 3)There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。
归纳: 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有: • It +be +a waste of time doing • It is/was no good/use doing • It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing • It is/was worth/worthwhile doing • There is no doing...无法……; 不允许……
动词的ing形式做句子成分的例句
动词的ing形式做句子成分的例句
一、作时间状语,多置于句首,也可置于句末;
如例句1:
1、Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.二、作原因状语,多置于句首或句末,也可置于句中。
扩展资料
三、作条件状语,多置于句首。
如例句3:
3. Working hard, you will succeed sooner or later.
四、作让步状语,多置于句首。
如例句4:
4. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by him alone.
五、作结果状语,多置于句末。
如例句5:
5. The song is sung all over the country, making it very popular.
六、作方式或伴随状语,多置于句末,也可置于句首。
如例句6:
6. Travelling by car, we visited many exciting and beautiful places.
七、作方式或伴随状语,多置于句末,也可置于句首。
如例句7:
7、He sat by the roadside, begging.。
动词ing形式作定语和状语 知识讲解
动词的ing形式作定语和状语编稿:张桂琴审稿:梁晓概念引入:Do you know the boy playing basketball? 你认识那个正在打篮球的男孩儿吗?They lived in a house facing south. 他住在一所朝南的房里里Knowing all this ,they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿。
Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.我们已经作好充分准备了,现在可以考试了。
语法讲解:V-ing 形式V-ing 形式由“do+ing” 构成, 其否定形式是“not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing 短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。
现在分词作定语现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前,说明其修饰名词的性质或特征,表示“供作…之用”和“ …的”。
a walking stick (a stick used for walking)drinking water (water for drinking)a waiting room (a room for waiting)working people the rising sun分词是短语形式, 应放在所修饰的名词后, 相当于一个定语从句。
They are visitors coming from several countries.who come from several countries.Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.which offered me the job.The girl standing there is my classmate.who stands there现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系, 否则不能用现在分词作状语。
动词的 ing形式 作定语和状语
hold … in arms, cry,
The woman holds her son in arms, crying .
ski, laugh,
They are skiing down the hill, laughing .
box, hit on the face, move, steps The two boxing men try to hit the other on the face, moving their steps carefully.
4) 表结果 ( 表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果) Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. (=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.) 全国到处在传唱这首歌曲,使它成了一首最受 欢 迎地歌曲。 The song is sung all over the making it the most popular song country,________________________________.
IV. 改错 1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. having Not 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, speaking too.
现在分词用法总结
v-ing用法(一)--------作主语和宾语形式若用作主语或者宾语时,也称为动名词。
1.形式有时态和语态的变化,结构如下表:. She regretted having wasted so much time. 她后悔浪费了这么多的时间。
He remembered being taken to Beijing when he was a child.2.形式的复合结构(1)物主代词或名词所有格与形式构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
①形容词性物主代词+doing ②名词’s+doing③代词宾格+doing ④名词+doing. Mary’s being late for class made her teacher angry. 玛丽上课迟到使的她的老师很生气。
(2)形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。
作主语时,不能用③④两种形式;作宾语时,①②③④四种形式都可以。
. Do you mind me coming late for the film 你介意我看电影来迟了吗3. 作主语(1)直接放在句首作主语,句子谓语动词用单数。
Collecting stamps is a good hobby. 集邮是很好的爱好。
(2)在“it is no use/ no good/ fun/ a waste of time/ no pleasure 等名词+doing”结构中作主语,it 作形式主语。
. It is no use complaining; he can’t understand you.(3)在“it is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile 等形容词+doing”结构中作主语,it为形式主语。
. It is useless speaking.(4)形式短语用作主语时,常常由形容词性的物主代词或者名词所有格构成。
. Your being right doesn’t necessarily mean my being wrong. 你正确未必就意味着我错了。
动词ing做主语和宾语(带句子成分讲解版)
英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看, 似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可 以发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。英语 句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及 其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本 句型列式如下 :
S V (主+谓) S V P (主+谓+表) S V O (主+谓+宾) S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
4. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.
bus.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这 些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些 成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而 加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、 副词和数词),也可以是
各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和 分词短语)。
1. 下面以基本句型五为例:
5
Who │cares?
6
What he said │ does not matter.
7
They │ talked for half an hour.
8
The pen │writes smoothly
基本句型 二
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓 语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须 加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成 复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。
人教版高中英语-语法-V ing用法详解
V-ing 的时态和语态:
主动语态
被动语态
肯定
否定
肯定
否定
一 般 doing 式
完 成 having done 式
not doing
being done
not being done
not having done having been done not having been done
not any use
not any good
useless
+ doing
③ There is no + doing…
易混辨析:
动名词作主语与不定式作主语
一般来说,所作成分相同时,动名词多表一般的、抽象的行为;不定式 一般表一次性、具体的行为。
Delivering newspapers is his job.
他们不喜欢走那么多路。
Prep+doing
look forward to(渴望,盼望) be responsible for(对…负责) think of(考虑,想到) object to(反对,抗议) keep…from(防止,阻止) be engaged in(从事于) excuse…for(因…而道歉) devote…to(献身于) be/get used to(习惯于) be afraid of(害怕) succeed in(成功地做)
这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no littering about.
不许乱扔杂物。
There is no holding back the wheel of history.
V-ing形式做主语和宾语
V-ing 形式做主语和宾语一.V-ing的形式动词的-ing形式在句中可做主语和宾语,起一个名词的作用,我们通常称为“动名词”。
V-ing形式有一般式和完成式。
及物动词的-ing形式还有主动语态和被动语态。
我们以及物动词make和不及物动词go为例,将其v-ing各种形式列之后,用一般式;v-ing形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生,用完成式。
Eg: What worried the child most was not being allowed t o visit his mother in the hospital./ Learning English well is very important to all of us./He was praised for having saved a boy’s life./二.V-ing形式的基本用法1. v-ing做主语1) v-ing形式做主语: 表示抽象的概念,泛指经常性、不具体的动作;通常直接置于句首,谓语动词通常用单数。
Getting up early is a good thing. / Saying without doing is of no use./Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property.财产2)v-ing做主语时,如果其结构较长,可用形式主语it, 而将做主语的v-ing后置。
V-ing形式多为某些形容词和名词,此类句型有:It+ be + a waste of time doing… 做…是浪费时间的/It + is/was no good/ use doing… 做…是没有用的/Eg: It isn’t much good writing to them again./It is no use crying over spilt milk. 腹水难收/注意: 其他常见的能用于该结构的形容词还有: better, wonderful, enjoyable, interesting, foolish, difficult, useless, senseless, worthwhile等3)v-ing形式用于“There be”结构中,此类句型有:There is no doing … 无法,不予许…/ There is no sense doing … 做…没道理/ There is no use doing … 干…没用的/There is/ was nothing worse than doing… 没用比…更糟的了/There is/was no point doing… 干…无意义/4)v-ing的复合结构做主语时,v-ing的逻辑主语要用名词或形容词性物主代词的所有格,通常不用名词的普通格或代词的宾格。
英语句子的成分及担任词类归纳总结
英语句子的成分及担任词类构成句子的基本成分叫做句子成分。
句子成分可分为主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,同位语。
它们可以由单词来担任,也可以由词组,以及句子来担任。
(1)主语主语是一个句子中所要表达,描述的人或物,是句子的主体。
主语可以由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,名词化形容词,分词,从句,短语等来担任。
I work here.我在这儿工作。
She is a new teacher.她是一个新教师。
He is in charge of a limited company.他主管一家有限公司。
The book is on the desk.书在桌子上。
I get an idea.我有一个主意。
Two and two are four.二加二等于四。
Smoking is bad to health.吸烟对身体有害。
The wounded has been taken to the hospital.伤员已经送到医院。
When to begin is not known yet.什么时间开始还不知道。
What I know is important.我所知道的很重要。
(2)谓语谓语是用来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态。
谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面。
The child has been brought up by his mother.这孩子是由他的妈妈带大的。
We don't know him very well.我们不太了解他。
She speaks English fluently.她英语讲得很流利。
(3) 表语表语是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。
表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。
表语一般放在系动词之后。
表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。
These desks are yellow.这些桌子是黄色的。
I am all right.我没事。
英语语法中的9种句子成分
英语语法中的9种句子成分一.主语Subject“主语”中的“主”是主人、主导的意思。
(一)定义:主语是动作的发出者,通常为一个句子中第一个独立的名词【或名词性结构】。
也可以理解为主语就是句子中说明的人或事物【sb/sth】独立的:即不在短语中、不在从句中(二)句子中主句的4种形式:1.名词本身2.代词3.动词-ing/to do形式【注意:做状语的V-ing/to do 结构除外】4.主语从句【即主语是个句子,引导词that 不可省略】例句:The flower is beautiful.I love you.Teaching English is my job.To teach English today is my job.(补充:动词做主语的-ing形式称为动名词,to do形式称为不定式。
前者强调经常性、习惯性,后者强调阶段性、特定性、将来性。
)That she is still alive is a wonder.二.谓语Predicate(一)定义:谓语是主语发出的动作,通常为主语后的第一个独立的动词【或动词性结构】。
也可以说是用来说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
例句:He is singing.(其中的is是助动词,is singing 才是谓语)He likes singing.(likes是实意动词,所以谓语是likes)现在分词/过去分词前无助动词的不是谓语。
(三)非谓语动词有谓语动词,就有非谓语动词。
那么,什么是非谓语动词?非谓语动词即一个句子中,不是谓语的动词就是非谓语动词。
非谓语的三种形式:1.doing(表主动、进行)2.done动词过去式(表被动、完成)3.to do(表将来)例句:I saw a girl crying in a car.(crying表明女孩主动在哭并且是正在进行)Beaten by Bob,Tom was very sad.(beaten有两层含义,一是被别人打了,不是自己打的,是被动的。
动词ing形式的归纳
• 拓展: 在被动句中,即成为主语补足语: • The boy was caught stealing. • The children were last seen playing at the river bank.
• 4.动词的ing形式具有副词的功能, 可 在句中做状语
• Taking all into consideration • Considering everything • Eg: • Judging from her face, she must be ill. • Considering everything , it is worth
trying.
1.) 做时间状语
• Hearing the noise, I turned round. = when I heard the noise,
Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there. = when I looked out of the window, 注意: 分词短语前面可以用while, when等连词,
2.表语:表主语所具有的特征.
• The food smells inviting.
• The story is very touching.
常这样用的分词有:amusing, charming, encouraging, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, exciting, puzzling, astonishing, refreshing, shocking, striking, surprising, etc.
动词 ing 形式作主语--高二英语暑假专项练习
第05练动词ing形式作主语动词ing形式作主语(1).动词ing形式作主语Saying is one thing,and doing is another.说是一回事,而做是另一回事。
Having a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy.每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。
【归纳用法】动词ing形式作主语,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,通常置于句首。
[名师点津]动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。
(2)形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。
It is no good/use regretting for the past.悔恨过去是没用的。
【归纳用法】此类句式常见的有:It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的It's no good/use/fun doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思3、动词ing的复合结构作主语动名词的复合结构作主语。
形式通常有两种:Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.他们前来帮忙对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。
His/Tom's being late made the teacher very angry.他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。
Jerry's not arriving on time made the people present angry.杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。
非谓语动词 V-ING用法小结附练习
动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词)The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示:动词-ing形式作表语时,其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语,但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语,一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语,则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。
动词ing做主语句子
动词ing做主语句子在英语语法中,动词ing可以作为主语出现在句子中。
这种句子结构通常被称为动名词句子。
动名词句子可以用来表达一些重要的概念,例如行为、状态、习惯和爱好等。
本文将详细介绍动名词句子的用法和语法规则。
1. 动名词句子的基本结构动名词句子的基本结构是:动词ing + 其他成分。
其中,动词ing是句子的主语,其他成分可以是谓语、宾语、定语等。
例如: - Swimming is my favorite sport. (游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
) - Reading books helps me relax. (读书可以帮我放松。
)- Listening to music is a good way to relieve stress. (听音乐是缓解压力的好方法。
)2. 动名词句子的语法规则(1)动名词句子的谓语动词通常是单数形式。
例如:Playing basketball is his hobby. (打篮球是他的爱好。
)(2)动名词句子可以用作主语、宾语、定语或表语。
例如:- 主语:Singing is fun. (唱歌很有趣。
)- 宾语:I enjoy reading novels. (我喜欢读小说。
)- 定语:He is interested in playing chess. (他对下棋很感兴趣。
)- 表语:Her favorite hobby is gardening. (她最喜欢的爱好是园艺。
)(3)动名词句子可以带有自己的宾语。
例如:I love watching movies with my friends. (我喜欢和朋友一起看电影。
)(4)动名词句子可以用介词短语或从句来修饰。
例如:- With the help of a teacher, learning English becomes easier. (在老师的帮助下,学英语变得更容易了。
)- She enjoys swimming in the sea, which is very refreshing. (她喜欢在海里游泳,这很令人神清气爽。
语法复习――非谓语动词(一)动词-ing的用法讲解
语法复习——非谓语动词(一)动词-ing的用法非谓语动词主要包括动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中所作的成分以及一些特殊句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
本讲主要阐述动词-ing形式的用法。
动词-ing形式起到名词、形容词和副词的作用,在句中可作主语、宾语和表语、状语和宾语补足语,但不能单独构成谓语。
“动词原形+ing”构成动词-ing形式可分为动名词和现在分词。
一、动名词动名词是v.–ing形式的一种,它具有名词特征,可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语。
1.动名词作主语的几种句型动名词直接置于句首作主语,动名词作主语可以是主动形式,也可以是被动形式。
例如: Swimming in winter is healthy. 冬泳是有益健康的运动。
Picking apples is much better than having classes. 摘苹果比上课好多了。
Being elected chairman is a great honor to him. 被选为主席对他是一个很大的荣誉。
有时主语太长,可用it作形式主语,将真正主语即动名词放在后面。
不是所有的动名词作主语都可用it作形式主语,常见的有: It is + no use+动名词做……没有用处 It is + no good +动名词做……没有好处 It is +nice+动名词做……很好/很不错 It is +useless +动名词做……没有用 It is +interesting+动名词做……很有趣 It is +dangerous+动名词做……很危险 It is+a waste of+动名词做……是浪费…… 例如:It is no use waiting here. Let’s walk home. 在这儿等着没有用,我们走回家吧。
It’s interesting watching the children play. 看着这些孩子们玩耍很有趣。
周五语法4动词-ing形式用法
试比较: Our teacher came into the room, followed by our monitor. 我们老师走进教室,班长跟在他后面。
二.动词-ing形式的 时态 与 语态
⑴ 一般形式 doing : 表主动进行,主动或者进 行,表示分词动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生。在 句中常做主语,表语,宾语,定语,补语及状语。
注意:有些动词后既可以加doing,也可以加to, 但意义不同,注意区分。
例如: remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 remember to do 记得要去做某事 类似的词还有forget,regret, stop 等。
仅 be/get/become used to 习惯于 需 be given to 沉溺于 了 be related to和…有联系… 解 be addicted to沉溺于…;对…上瘾. be opposed to/ object to 反对 be devoted to/devote oneself to 献身于,致 力于… • be admitted to被…录取 , 准进入 • be reduced to/reduce… to沦为, 使…沦为. He was reduced to begging in the street. 他沦为沿街乞。
在北京大学受教育是许多学生的梦想。
⑶ 完成形式 having done :表主动,表完成, 强调分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。在句中常做 状语,宾语,及非限制性定语。一般不做主语, 表语,补语,及限制性定语 。
eg. Having finished his homework, he went to play with his friends..
1.做主语
动词-ing形式 (现在分词形式)做各种句子成分 高中英语
动词-ing形式由动词原形+ing构成,一方面具有 动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个名词、形 容词或副词。动词-ing形式能在句中作主语、宾 语、表语、定语、宾语补足主语
Collecting information is very important to businessmen. Learning a foreign language is very useful to me. Seeing is believing. Travelling abroad can be very exciting.
动词-ing形式拔高
一般式
主动形式 doing
被动形式 being done
完成式 having done having been done 其否定形式是在doing前加not
意义
表示的动作和谓语动词所表示 的动作同时发生
表示的动作发生在谓语动词所 表示的动作之前
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help being persuaded into buying something they don’t really need.
五、v-ing形式做宾补
We heard her singing in her room. You can see them performing every night this week at the new theatre. We watch the childing diving into the water from the diving board. Listen to the birds singing.
There is/was no use/ point (in ) doing You don’t take advice so there is no point in asking for it.
动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份(一)
动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份(一)一、动词-ing形式做主语1、现在分词做主语表示事物化、抽象化的概念。
强调:现在分词做主语时谓语一律用单数。
Eg: Talking is an art.Eg: Tearning English well is not easy.2、it做形式主语的情况It’s no good/use doing sth.做``````是没有用的It’s useful/useless doing 做``````是有/没有用的There is no `````````doing sth.Eg: It is no use crying after knowing the result.Eg: It is no good playing games.二、动词-ing形式做表语动词-ing形式做表语,一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作。
1、句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词/抽象的习惯性动作。
(主语和表语的位置可以互换)Eg: My hobby is playing games.--------Playing games is my hobby.Eg: One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speaking loudly is one of his bad habits.Eg: Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is your task.与现在进行时的区别:He is flying.(现在进行时,就不能转换成----------Flying is he)2、表示主语的某种性质或状态,描述主语的特征,相当于形容词,故不能与主语互换。
系动词:be动词、感官动词、get/become等。
Eg: This film is interesting.Eg: Today’s weather is nice.Eg: The song sounds good.(主语一般为物:moving\ surprising\promising有希望的)三、动词-ing形式做宾语1、作动词的宾语某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语,不能用不定式。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份(一)
一、动词-ing形式做主语
1、现在分词做主语表示事物化、抽象化的概念。
强调:现在分词做主语时谓
语一律用单数。
Eg: Talking is an art.
Eg: Tearning English well is not easy.
2、it做形式主语的情况
It’s no good/use doing sth.做``````是没有用的
It’s useful/useless doing 做``````是有/没有用的
There is no `````````doing sth.
Eg: It is no use crying after knowing the result.
Eg: It is no good playing games.
二、动词-ing形式做表语
动词-ing形式做表语,一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作。
1、句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词/抽象的习惯性动作。
(主语和表语
的位置可以互换)
Eg: My hobby is playing games.--------Playing games is my hobby.
Eg: One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speaking loudly is one of his bad habits.
Eg: Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is your task.
与现在进行时的区别:
He is flying.(现在进行时,就不能转换成----------Flying is he)
2、表示主语的某种性质或状态,描述主语的特征,相当于形容词,故不能与
主语互换。
系动词:be动词、感官动词、get/become等。
Eg: This film is interesting.
Eg: Today’s weather is nice.
Eg: The song sounds good.
(主语一般为物:moving\ surprising\promising有希望的)
三、动词-ing形式做宾语
1、作动词的宾语
某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语,不能用不定式。
allow \ cannot help\ consider\ risk\ suggest\ forbid\ protect```(from)阻止\ admit\ advise\ allow\ avoid\ delay推迟\ enjoy\ escape逃脱\ finish\ give up\ imagine\ mind\ practise\
Eg: I tried to avoid making mistakes.
Eg: I suggest having a rest.
2、作介词的宾语
是一些固定的短语搭配:be/ get/ become used to习惯于, look forward to,
insist on, be succed in, be fond of, be interested in, be worth, devote```to, stick to, lead to and so on.
Eg: The book is worth reading.
Eg: I am used to getting up early.
四、作宾语补足语
1、动词-ing形式可以在感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语,和宾语一起构成复合宾语。
(表示动作的正在进行,状态正在持续)
Eg: I watched a student picking peaches when I crossed the school.
Eg: When I came into classroom, I heard someone singing.
3、动词-ing形式也可以用在使役动词have\ get\ leave\ keep\set\ send等动词后
作宾语补足语。
(宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。
)
Eg: Don’t have your students doing homework all the time.
五、动词-ing形式做定语
1、表示被修饰词的某种用途,一般放在所修饰词的前面。
阅览室reading room 吸烟室smoking room
洗衣机washing machine 写字台writing desk
3、起形容词作用的动词-ing作定语时,含有主动和进行的意思。
(1)单个的分词放在所修饰名词的前面
Eg: I walked quietly in order not to wake the sleeping bird.
(2)短语放在所修饰的名词后面
Eg: I know the bird sleeping in the tree.---------I know the bird which is sleeping in the tree.
Eg: It lived in a tree facing my house.----------It lived in a tree which faced my house.。