中英茶文化差异word版本
英国茶文化与中国茶文化的比较
英国茶文化与中国茶文化的比较英国茶文化与中国茶文化有着各自的特点与差异，下面是店铺精心为你整理的英国茶文化与中国茶文化的比较，一起来看看。
英国茶文化与中国茶文化的比较茶的种类相同点:中国与英国同样爱好红茶不同点:中国人除红茶外同样喜好:绿茶,黑茶,乌龙茶,黄茶,白茶，英国人则偏重于喝红茶茶具相同点:喝茶时,都需要茶杯、茶壶茶勺等工具不同点:(1)材料中国，主分为:陶土茶具、瓷器茶具、漆器茶具、玻璃茶具、金属茶具和竹木茶具等几大类，英国，茶具多用陶瓷做成也有金属制作的(2)茶具的花纹,造型中国，国壶花色多为中国式人物、树木花草或是无花纹,保持壶身的整洁,古朴每个朝代茶具的花纹又各有特色，古代茶具较为多见的有朵花纹,蕉叶纹,团菊纹,卷草纹,缠枝纹,折枝花纹等。
英国，茶具上面绘有精美的英国植物与花卉的图案，轻松、优雅;而且，英式茶具都是成套使用并镶有金边的杯组.喜好中国1.讲究清雅怡和的饮茶习俗(清饮法)：茶叶冲以煮沸，顺乎自然，清饮雅尝，寻求茶之原2.求多种享受的饮茶习俗：即指饮茶者除品茶外，还备以美点，伴以歌舞、音乐、书画、戏曲等。
英国人泡茶是泡茶叶末，连袋一起放在热水杯里，不是以水冲茶，而是以茶袋浸入热水里，一小袋茶只泡一杯水，喝完就丢弃。
一般采用”调饮法”喝茶习俗相同点:以茶待客,以茶会友不同点:在中国各地，喝茶的礼节也不一样，在北京，主人端上茶来，客人应立即站起来，双手接过茶杯，说声“谢谢”。
在南方的广东、广西，主人端上茶后，要用右手指弯曲后轻轻地敲三下桌面，以示谢意，在另一些地区，客人想继续喝茶，茶杯中应留些茶水，主人见了会继续加茶水，如果将茶水全部倒完，主人认为你不再喝了，也就不给你加茶水了。
英国人喝下午茶与东方人品茶最大的不同在于，他们不是随意地吃些点心，而通常是搭配成套，包括一壶茶及一份点心，点心有三明治、奶油松饼或是小蛋糕，各家餐厅点心的搭配有点不同。
中英茶文化的关系茶的故乡在中国，茶文化也是中国传统文化的奇葩，是对人类和世界文化的贡献。
中英茶文化的差异
中英茶文化的差异SANY GROUP system office room 【SANYUA16H-SANYHUASANYUA8Q8-中国最早发现和利用茶叶的国家，茶文化历史悠久、博大精深。
而英国本土并不出产茶叶，却是世界上人均茶消费量最大的国家，利用茶叶这个舶来品塑造了独具特色的英国红茶文化，开创了优雅自在的欧洲下午茶生活方式，成为许多国家追捧的对象。
二者有何差异？本文将加以论述。
一、品饮方式的不同中国饮茶分为两类，一类是“混饮”，即在茶中根据个人的口味嗜好加盐、加糖、加奶或葱、桔皮、薄荷、桂圆、红枣。
加桔皮、薄荷的方式源自于中唐以前的煮茶法：从食用而来，用鲜叶或干叶烹煮成羹汤而饮，通常加盐调味；从药用而来，用鲜叶或干叶，往往佐以姜、桂、椒、桔皮、薄荷等熬煮成汤汁而饮。
而现在这种方式主要集中在少数民族地区。
藏族的酥油茶就是在熬好的砖茶浓汤中加入盐、酥油、奶等制成；回族以茶叶、龙眼干和冰糖混合冲泡成的盖碗茶，俗称为“三香茶”，再加上葡萄干和杏干，通称为“五香茶”，如果再加上枸杞、花生仁和芝麻冲泡，则称为“八宝茶”。
另一类是汉族的“清饮”，即在茶中不加入任何有损茶本味与真香的配料，单单用开水泡茶来喝，沿袭着明清时的茶饮传统，以清饮雅赏的冲泡茶为主。
英国人最初饮用的也是绿茶，后来大都喝汤浓味醇、营养丰富的红茶，据说因为绿茶不易保存，而红茶是发酵程度为80％以上的全发酵茶，不易霉变。
不过另一个更可信的原因则是绿茶性寒，红茶性暖，英伦三岛四面环海，终年阴冷潮湿，于是气候决定了人们的选择。
他们从印度、锡兰、肯尼亚等地进口红茶，在茶里加入牛奶和糖以去掉茶碱，把苦涩的茶水变成适合自己口味的甜饮料，就象他们把来自赤道国家的苦咖啡改造成充满奶香味的甜咖啡一样，这与中国的口味已是南辕北辙。
此外，他们还在茶里加蜂蜜、肉桂、胡椒、威士忌、黄油、鸡蛋，以及一切他们想加入的东西，随心所欲的创造了许多口味。
用佛手柑油调制的格雷伯爵茶、阿萨姆红茶等少数品种，成为经典而独特的民族茶产品，享誉世界。
中西茶文化差异英语小作文
中西茶文化差异英语小作文The Differences Between Chinese and Western Tea Culture Tea is one of the most beloved beverages in the world, enjoyed by millions of people across various cultures. However, the way tea is perceived, prepared and consumed can vary greatly between different regions. This is especially evident when comparing Chinese and Western tea cultures.In China, tea has a rich history dating back thousands of years. It is deeply ingrained in Chinese culture, and is seen as much more than just a drink. Tea ceremonies are an important part of social interactions, and are often used to show respect, build relationships and promote harmony. The preparation and serving of tea is treated as an art form, with great attention paid to every detail from the selection of tea leaves to the temperature of the water.In contrast, Western tea culture tends to be more casual and convenience-oriented. While there are certainly many tea connoisseurs in the West who appreciate the finer points of tea preparation, for most people tea is simply a comforting, refreshing beverage to be enjoyed throughout the day. Teabags and instant tea are common, and there is generally less emphasis on ritual and ceremony compared to Chinese tea culture.Another key difference lies in the types of tea that are popular in each culture. In China, green tea, oolong tea, pu-erh tea and white tea are all widely consumed, with each variety having its own unique flavor profile and health benefits. In the West, black tea is by far the most common, often servedwith milk and sugar.Despite these differences, one thing is clear - both Chinese and Western cultures have a deep appreciation for the wonderful beverage that is tea. Whether it is prepared with reverence in a formal tea ceremony or simply brewed in a mug for a quick pick-me-up, tea continues to be loved and enjoyed by people all over the world.中文翻译：中西方茶文化的差异茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮品之一,在不同的文化中有着数以百万计的爱好者。
探讨中英茶文化的差异性-茶文化论文-文体论文
探讨中英茶文化的差异性-茶文化论文-文体论文——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印——茶在中英两国都有着与自己文化相关联的喻义。
茶刚进入英国时，贵比黄金，在当时茶是只属于贵族阶级才可以享受的物品，因此茶成了身份与财富的象征，于是“alltheteainChina”出现在了英语词汇里，表示巨大的，无法估量的财富，例如:Iwouldn’tdothatforalltheteainChina．又如“astorminateacup”则与18世纪圣马力诺发生的有关，后来英国人用它来比喻小题大做或大惊小怪的事情，例如:“Thecoupleof-tenquarrel，butitisastorminateacup”。
“acupoftea”通常被英国人用来表示喜欢的人或物，可见英国人对茶的喜爱，例如:That’smycupoftea．“adifferentcupoftea”来表示迥然不同的人或物，“anunpleasantcupoftea”表示讨厌的人，“anothercupoftea”表示另一回事，“taketeawithsomebod-y”则是与某人发生冲突，“nicecupoftea”则表示困境。
茶在中英两国的最初使用都因茶具有药用价值，能安神补脑，后来茶渐渐的被衍化为人们精神的寄托，情感抚慰的需要，“teaandsympathy”表达了对不幸者的安慰和同情。
在中国习俗里，人们会把订婚称为“受茶”，结婚称为“吃茶”，把结婚的礼金称为“茶金”或者“茶礼”，在这里“茶”象征着婚姻。
茶的习语还有“一女不吃两家茶”，说的是女子接受了别人的聘礼，就是“吃过茶”的人了，不能再受聘于别家，在这里人们用茶来比喻对婚姻的从一而终。
茶生长于山野，大自然赋予了茶美好高洁的气质，中英文化里都有用茶来比喻女子的清白可爱，芳菲圣洁。
《诗经》里有“有女如荼”，这里“荼”就是茶，后人也多有用茶来取名，如诗人陆游《稚女诗》有“痴态东家有小茶”，张久可散曲《寨儿令．春情》有“惹风声盼盼茶茶”，这里的“小茶”、“茶茶”都是用来指可爱的孩童和的姑娘。
英语专业毕业论文--中英饮茶文化之间的差异(精品doc)
The Differences of Tea-drinking Culture betweenChina and BritainStudent：liyongTutor: lixuanAbstractChina is the native place of tea, and it is the first country in the world to plant, drink and export tea.When tea was discovered by Chinese, it was initially used as herb.According to records, the Tang Dynasty prosperous exchanges at home and abroad, tea is often used as gifts to the monks of China, missionaries and foreign envoys to Chinese, which is spread to the world, and in seventeenth Century to the identity of the British Isles imported luxury landing.Although,in many countries,there have tea phenomenon,but comparing with other European countries, the tea culture of Britain is the most famous and typical, and it has formed its own special tea culture.The paper aims to illustrate the different of tea-drinking culture between Britain and China from the four points,the history of the tea drinking ,the manner of tea drinking,the spirits of tea ceremony, and the impact of tea drinking.At last, according to the comparison, the writer suggests two points to develop our own tea culture, establishing the national day of tea drinking and creating our own international tea brand.Key words:Tea culture China and Britain Difference摘要中国是茶叶的故乡，它是世界上第一个种植，引用和出口茶叶的国家。
中英茶文化差异-精选文档
中英茶文化差异随着当今世界科技与文化的进步，各国之间文化交流更加密切，茶作为世界三大饮料之一，通过文化的形式影响着世界各地，但不同的人文背景，环境差异，风土人情也使中英有着不同的饮茶文化。
一、中国茶文化茶作为中国的民族饮品，有着悠久的历史文化进程，甚至可以追溯到大约300多万年前。
根据陆羽《茶经》所?载：“茶之为饮，发乎神农氏。
”茶文化在中国的体现被称为茶道，也是中国文化中唯一获得此称号的美食艺术。
中国的饮茶之道，即所谓的“四大精神”：和，静，怡，真。
和，是中国哲学思想的中心，是由《周易》中“保合大和”的思想发展而来的，也是茶道之魂。
在儒学中体现为“中庸之道”。
尊重他人的态度和行为，谦逊待人，在为人处世中体现“以和为贵”。
静，意味着安静，纯净和整洁。
品茶需要平和宁静的环境和空灵虚静的心，当空气中飘散着茶的幽香，萦绕着身心，品茗者的内心也得愈加空灵透澈，渐入“天人合一”的意境。
怡，意味着高兴，舒心和满足。
幽美的品茶环境，精致的茶具，迷人的茶香，清爽的茶味都使人产生舒适的感觉。
人们的审美器官和精神心灵都会在这样一个舒畅，怡悦的氛围中得到升华与满足。
真，意味着物之真，情之真，性之真，道之真。
无论是茶叶，茶具还是桌椅，字画等都要求真家真迹；品茗时的情谊也要真挚；释放真性情；在自然中体会其“道”的哲学。
据记载，茶饮于西汉，三国时期，饮茶在南方很受欢迎，孙权的后代孙昊首先在宴会上将茶取代了酒，此后，在宫廷事务中，茶与酒有着同等地位。
魏晋南北朝时期，饮茶已成为社会地位较高的人享受生活的标志，文人饮茶来提升自己的艺术思想。
中国茶文化在唐朝达到了成熟期，“茶圣”陆羽创作的《茶经》也是在这一时期出现的，将茶升格为一种美妙的文化艺术，是划时代的茶学专著。
宋代饮茶也很受欢迎，茶叶的制作技术也有了很大的提高。
到了元代，人们饮茶更突出表现自己的精神层面，磨炼自己的意志。
在明清时期，茶文化则是茶艺简洁，返朴归真。
此外，中国的茶在此期间出口到了英国。
中英饮茶差异英语作文高中
中英饮茶差异英语作文高中Tea Culture Differences between China and Britain。
Tea is a common beverage in both China and Britain, but there are significant differences in the way it is consumed and the culture surrounding it.In China, tea has a long history and is deeplyingrained in the culture. Tea ceremonies are often held to celebrate important occasions, and tea is seen as a symbolof hospitality and friendship. Chinese tea is usually prepared by steeping loose tea leaves in a teapot or gaiwan, and the tea is often served in small cups. Tea is usually served plain, without milk or sugar, and the taste of thetea is the focus of the experience.In contrast, tea in Britain is often associated with a particular time of day – afternoon tea. This tradition dates back to the 19th century, when the Duchess of Bedford began having tea and snacks in the afternoon to stave offhunger before dinner. Today, afternoon tea is a popular social activity, and it is often served in hotels and tea rooms. British tea is usually prepared by steeping tea bags in a teapot, and the tea is often served with milk and sugar. The focus is on the experience of enjoying the tea with friends or family, rather than on the taste of the tea itself.Another difference between Chinese and British tea culture is the way it is served. In China, tea is often served in small cups with no handles, and the cups are held with both hands as a sign of respect. In Britain, tea is usually served in larger cups with handles, and the cups are held with one hand.In addition, the types of tea consumed in China and Britain are different. In China, green tea is the most popular variety, although oolong, black, and white teas are also consumed. In Britain, black tea is the most popular variety, and it is often served with milk and sugar.Overall, tea is an important part of both Chinese andBritish culture, but the way it is consumed and the culture surrounding it are quite different. In China, tea is seen as a symbol of hospitality and friendship, and the focus is on the taste of the tea itself. In Britain, tea is associated with socializing and is often served with milk and sugar, and the focus is on the experience of enjoying tea with others.。
茶文化差异中西方茶文化差异
茶文化差异中西方茶文化差异世界各国的茶文化差异|中西方茶文化差异差异1中西茶具各有讲究中国的茶具多为陶瓷制品，亦存有用作普洱茶的紫砂壶。
紫砂壶存有透气性，冲泡普洱茶，水温须很高，建议茶叶也具备一定的透气性，所以紫砂就是最出色的挑选。
而西方人对银器情有独钟，所以西方的茶具多为银制品。
差异2滤茶器是西方人饮茶必备良品在中国，泡制一杯上等的茶，比如说陈年普洱，须要用铁壶做为烧水工具，再将热水转化成茶壶直到没有过茶叶，好像出来第一遍水后，再向茶壶中转化成热水静置直到拌成茶叶，方才挑小杯享用。
众所周知，中国人的茶道颇有一番讲究，事实上，西方人在饮茶时也有一套礼数。
比如，西式茶使用滤茶器，将滤茶器架于茶杯上，将茶倒入杯中至3/4满，这样就不会把茶溅到茶托上面，弄得一团糟了。
差异3中国茶不须要调味品在中国，饮茶是品其最纯正的茶香，没有在茶中加任何调味品的习惯。
西式茶可选择在其中加奶、糖、柠檬片和蜂蜜等，但需要注意的是，须先倒茶，再加其他调味品，顺序不能颠倒。
加入调味品后，用茶匙搅拌，搅茶时避免弄出太大声响，搅拌完需要将茶匙置于茶碗的背面。
但是陆羽的《茶经》及以后的茶书都不加“茶道”，而是重点阐释品茗艺术(茶艺)。
恰好相反，日本将中国的饮茶引入本国之后，却发展为具有浓郁宗教色彩的茶道。
相同的历史、文化背景导致中日两国茶文化向相同的方向发展，中国文人们将饮茶发展为一门生活艺术，日本的僧侣由将饮茶变为为佛门戒律。
“茶艺”一词是20世纪70年代由台湾茶文化界首先创造出来的，用以概括品茶艺术的内涵。
但是品茶本身却是很早就存在，并且在品茶过程中生发出茶道精神。
在中国茶文化发展历史进程中，茶艺与茶道无疑占据核心地位。
不过与脱胎于中国母体的日本茶道相比较，中国的茶道似乎显得薄弱些，这很让一些爱国心特重的国人觉得尴尬，尽管底气不足，还是要用各种各样的理由来辩解。
但是历史是客观存在，用不着回避，感情用事无助于问题的解决。
古代的中国人，最初就是把茶当做解热，消炎的“万能之药”饮用，当做一种蔬菜去食用的。
英文作文中美茶文化差异
英文作文中美茶文化差异Diving into the aromatic world of tea, one can't help but marvel at the cultural tapestry that unfolds across the Atlantic. The art of tea, a tradition as old as civilization itself, has taken on distinct hues in the East and the West, each with its own unique flavor and etiquette. In China, teais more than just a beverage; it's a ritual, a philosophy,and a way of life. It's brewed with reverence, savored with mindfulness, and shared with warmth. The Chinese tea ceremony is a dance of preparation, where each leaf is carefully selected, the water is heated to perfection, and the tea is steeped with precision. It's a reflection of the harmony and balance that is so deeply ingrained in Chinese culture.Contrastingly, the Western approach to tea is a bit more casual, yet no less cherished. In the United States and Europe, tea is often enjoyed as a comfort, a companion to conversation, and a respite from the day's hustle. It's a moment to pause, to connect, and to indulge in the simple pleasure of a warm cup. The British, in particular, have elevated tea time to an institution, where the day is markedby the ritual of a mid-afternoon reprieve, complete with scones and clotted cream.Despite these differences, the love for tea unites us all. Whether it's the delicate green teas of China, the robustblack teas of India, or the fragrant herbal blends of Europe, tea is a universal language that speaks to our senses andsoothes our souls. It's a testament to the power of a simple leaf to bring people together, to bridge cultures, and to create a shared experience that transcends borders and boundaries.So, as we raise our cups, let's toast to the diversity of tea cultures around the world, and to the unspoken understanding that, no matter where we are, the essence oftea remains the same—a comforting embrace, a moment of peace, and a celebration of our shared humanity.。
中西茶文化差异研究(3篇).docx
中西茶文化差异研究（3篇）第一篇：中西茶文化差异与大学英语跨文化交际能力培养随着茶叶经济全球化的快速发展，中西方茶叶贸易往来和茶文化交流愈加频繁，并促使社会大众更加重视中西方文化交流，同时茶叶跨文化的发展给大学英语跨文化教育教学带来全新挑战。
在大学英语跨文化教学中必须强化中西方茶文化的应用，通过对比中西方茶文化和大学英语跨文化的实质区别和内在联系，以茶文化对比作为教学基础，提高大学生的英语跨文化学习兴趣和积极性，当前来说，高等院校英语跨文化教育工作开展的重点便是全面提升高等院校英语跨文化交流和相关的实践应用能力。
1深入分析中西方茶文化差异1.1中西方语言应用的差异性语言是一种能够直接展现国家文化的方式，而中西方文化存在的差异也能够通过语言予以展现，而茶文化语言的差异性也体现着中西方文化的发展背景与文化底蕴。
中西方茶文化存在着较大的差异性，我国茶文化语言涉及面相对较广，而西方茶文化涉及词汇相对较少，并且具备一定阶级性，涉及的领域和范围相对较窄。
受到17世纪中西方茶叶贸易的影响，茶叶通常销售给西方贵族阶级和上级统治阶级，茶文化则反映着西方上层社会语言的特点，例如，常见的经典词汇有Rovaltea(皇家茶)，同时，茶文化还受到英语和法语等多方本地语言的影响，通常具有着转义或者喻义的含义，例如，“Blacktea"代表着“红茶”，并且在英语中茶不仅可以是名词，而且还可以是动词。
工业革命发展背景下，西方语言茶文化相关词汇则根据地方生活习惯与社会风俗进行暗喻，使得茶文化语言和茶文化相关词汇更加丰富。
例如“Teaparty”(DU品聚会)、“Teahound”(花花公子)等词汇都与茶文化紧密相关，并暗喻西方糜烂的生活和堕落的任性，再者如“teainChina”隐喻西方财富。
在社会不断进步和发展的同时，与茶文化有关的词汇已经展现出了极强的社会特性，使得跨文化交际产生许多阻碍，因此，大学英语学习者应当学习中西方语言文化差异，并不断培养自身跨文化交际能力。
中英茶文化的差异
中英茶文化的差异中国是最早种植茶的国家，并且将茶传播至全世界，尤其是在英美等国，茶得到了改良和发展，形成西方的茶文化。
下面是店铺为你整理的中英茶文化的差异，希望对您有用。
中英茶文化的差异中国哲学源于农耕文明。
农时农耕尤不与大自然息息相关，因而中国人视大自然为母亲，对其有一种天然的崇敬、依赖之情，更极为推崇汉代的儒学人家蕈仲舒提倡的“天人之际，合而为一”的思想。
茶生于山川河流之中，中国人在发现利用的基础上，自然结合自身的审美情趣赋予其天人合一的思想内涵。
中国茶文化不可避免地带有浓郁的山林气息。
绿茶在众多茶叶品种中最受人喜爱，原因就在于未发酵的绿茶一经冲泡，其形状、颜色、气味无不给人自然的气息，或看、或闻、或品，都令人仿佛置身于葱绿的自然一般心旷神恰。
紫砂茶具也在种类繁多的茶具中获得最多宠爱，是因为紫砂这一陶土精灵给人以质朴的泥土芬芳和无限的天地灵气。
中国历代的文人士大夫大都偏爱饮茶，雅兴来时，常邀三五好友，于松风竹林间煮茗论道。
数千年的文化熏陶，赋予了茶“淡泊”“宁静”“返璞归真”等神韵。
一方斗室，一豆青灯，一杯香茗，常常使人气定神闲、物我两忘，得以感受“天地与我并生，万物与我为一”的理想境界。
与中国“天人合一”的思想不同，西方文明主张“天人两分”，视自身为探索者和研究者，试图通过掌握自然的奥秘来主宰自然。
具体而言，英国人喜好发酵过的红茶，还经常加入其他调料，制成奶茶方才饮用。
在茶具的选择上，英国人也没有一直沿用中国瓷器，而是创造性地将动物的骨灰加入到瓷土中进行烧制，制造出了饮茶用的骨瓷。
英国茶文化还集中体现了西方社会的核心价值观――个人主义。
比如，邀请别人来喝下午茶时，女主人们势必要拿出家中最好的茶，费尽心思做出美味的茶点，还要换上最得体的服饰，从而向客人展示自己以及家中最完美的一面，获得自我精神的满足。
此外，英国茶文化追求实用性。
相较于中国茶文化随时随地皆可饮茶的传统，英国人将茶与一日三餐紧密地结合在一起，只会在固定的饮茶时间才悠闲地喝杯茶，如传统茶、下午茶以及晚餐茶，体现了其严谨考究的文化特色。
中英茶文化差异
中英茶文化差异一、品饮方式的不同中国饮茶分为两类，一类是“混饮”，即在茶中根据个人的口味嗜好加盐、加糖、加奶或葱、桔皮、薄荷、桂圆、红枣。
加桔皮、薄荷的方式源自于中唐以前的煮茶法：从食用而来，用鲜叶或干叶烹煮成羹汤而饮，通常加盐调味;从药用而来，用鲜叶或干叶，往往佐以姜、桂、椒、桔皮、薄荷等熬煮成汤汁而饮。
而现在这种方式主要集中在少数民族地区。
藏族的酥油茶就是在熬好的砖茶浓汤中加入盐、酥油、奶等制成;回族以茶叶、龙眼干和冰糖混合冲泡成的盖碗茶，俗称为“三香茶”，再加上葡萄干和杏干，通称为“五香茶”，如果再加上枸杞、花生仁和芝麻冲泡，则称为“八宝茶”。
另一类是汉族的“清饮”，即在茶中不加入任何有损茶本味与真香的配料，单单用开水泡茶来喝，沿袭着明清时的茶饮传统，以清饮雅赏的冲泡茶为主。
英国人最初饮用的也是绿茶，后来大都喝汤浓味醇、营养丰富的红茶，据说因为绿茶不易保存，而红茶是发酵程度为80%以上的全发酵茶，不易霉变。
不过另一个更可信的原因则是绿茶性寒，红茶性暖，英伦三岛四面环海，终年阴冷潮湿，于是气候决定了人们的选择。
他们从印度、锡兰、肯尼亚等地进口红茶，在茶里加入牛奶和糖以去掉茶碱，把苦涩的茶水变成适合自己口味的甜饮料，就象他们把来自赤道国家的苦咖啡改造成充满奶香味的甜咖啡一样，这与中国的口味已是南辕北辙。
此外，他们还在茶里加蜂蜜、肉桂、胡椒、威士忌、黄油、鸡蛋，以及一切他们想加入的东西，随心所欲的创造了许多口味。
用佛手柑油调制的格雷伯爵茶、阿萨姆红茶等少数品种，成为经典而独特的民族茶产品，享誉世界。
此外，英国人对茶叶本身也进行了改造。
袋装的茶叶末代替了片片茶叶，称为速溶茶。
连袋一起放进热水杯里，一小袋只泡一杯茶。
家用茶壶还有过滤杯，用开水冲下，过滤而出。
这与中国人将整片茶叶放在开水里，在氤氲的热气中欣赏盛开的茶叶花，已是大相径庭。
二、饮茶礼仪的不同在多数中国人眼里，饮茶随时可以进行，没有仪式。
饮茶是一种可有可无的生活习惯，谈不上尊贵与宠爱。
中国茶文化与外国文化的差异英语作文
中国茶文化与外国文化的差异英语作文The Differences between Chinese Tea Culture and Foreign CultureTea has played a significant role in Chinese culture for over 4,000 years. It has been a symbol of hospitality, friendship, and good manners. In China, tea is not just a beverage but also a way of life. On the other hand, in many foreign cultures, tea is seen as just a drink. The differences between Chinese tea culture and foreign culture are evident in various aspects, including the types of tea consumed, the methods of brewing, and the social customs surrounding tea drinking.One of the major differences between Chinese tea culture and foreign culture is the types of tea consumed. In China, there are numerous types of tea, each with its own unique flavor and characteristics. Some of the most popular types of Chinese tea include green tea, black tea, oolong tea, and white tea. Each type of tea has its own health benefits and is consumed for different reasons. For example, green tea is known for its antioxidants and is often consumed for its health benefits, while oolong tea is prized for its floral aroma and smooth taste.In contrast, in many foreign cultures, the most commonly consumed types of tea are black tea and herbal tea. Black tea is popular in countries such as the United Kingdom and India, where it is often consumed with milk and sugar. Herbal tea, on the other hand, is popular in countries such as the United States and Canada, where it is often consumed for its medicinal properties. The variety of tea consumed in foreign cultures is much more limited compared to the diversity of tea in Chinese culture.Another difference between Chinese tea culture and foreign culture is the methods of brewing tea. In China, tea is often brewed using traditional methods such as Gongfu tea ceremony or Cha Dao. These methods involve meticulous attention to detail and a deep understanding of the tea leaves and water temperature. The tea is often brewed multiple times to extract the full flavor of the leaves. The focus is on the art of tea brewing and the enjoyment of the experience.In contrast, in many foreign cultures, tea is often brewed using teabags or tea infusers. These methods are much simpler and do not require the same level of skill or knowledge as traditional Chinese tea brewing methods. The focus is on convenience and efficiency rather than the art of tea brewing.Additionally, in many foreign cultures, tea is often consumed quickly and on-the-go, whereas in China, tea drinking is a leisurely and social activity.The social customs surrounding tea drinking also differ between Chinese tea culture and foreign culture. In China, tea drinking is often a social activity that involves the sharing of tea with friends or family. The act of pouring tea for others is a sign of respect and hospitality. Tea ceremonies are often held to celebrate special occasions or to welcome guests. In Chinese culture, tea is seen as a way to forge connections and strengthen relationships.In foreign cultures, tea drinking is often a more individualistic activity. People may brew a cup of tea for themselves without sharing it with others. Tea is often consumed as a way to relax and unwind after a long day. While tea can still be enjoyed in a social setting, it is not as common for tea to be used as a social lubricant or a way to connect with others.In conclusion, the differences between Chinese tea culture and foreign culture are evident in the types of tea consumed, the methods of brewing, and the social customs surrounding tea drinking. Chinese tea culture places a strong emphasis on the diversity of tea, the art of tea brewing, and the social aspect oftea drinking. In contrast, foreign cultures often focus on simplicity, convenience, and individual enjoyment. Despite these differences, tea remains a beloved beverage around the world, connecting people across cultures and borders.。
中英茶文化的内涵差异分析
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Differences between Chinese and British Tea Culture论文
Differences between Chinese and British Tea CultureA Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillmentof the Requirements forthe Degree of Bachelor of ArtsBy 本人名字Under the Supervision ofLecturer 导师名字########## CollegeofInner Mongolia中英茶文化差异摘要茶作为中国传统文化的重要组成部分，具有悠久的历史。
中国是茶的故乡，是最早发现和饮用茶的国家。
茶在十六世纪中叶传到欧洲，传入英国后，饮茶在英国颇为盛行，形成了独特的英国茶文化。
如今茶已遍布世界各地，所产生的茶文化也不尽相同，甚至在一些国家和地区成为社会风俗和民族文化的一部分。
本文对中英的茶文化进行了对比，最后总结出了中英茶文化存在的差异。
论文第一部分是对文章的总体介绍。
第二部分介绍了中国的茶的历史和文化以及中国的茶道。
通过阅读本文章，读者可以更进一步了解中国的传统文化。
文章第三部分对英国的茶文化和英式的茶道进行介绍。
第四章重点从四个方面论述中国茶文化和英国茶文化的差异，得出中国茶文化以及英国茶文化所体现的不同的精神内涵。
文化和礼仪是分不开的，不同的文化会通过不同的礼仪有所体现，了解不同国家的文化，吸取文化精华和优点，了解文化的差异，都将有利于更好地进行跨文化交际。
关键词：茶文化；茶道；文化差异；跨文化交际Differences between Chineseand British Tea CultureAbstractTea is one important part of Chinese traditional cultures，and it has a long history. China, the first country discovering and drinking tea, is the homeland of tea. Tea spread to Europe in the middle of the sixteenth century. Since tea was introduced to the United Kingdom, tea drinking has been quite prevalent among the British people, thus a unique British tea culture was developed. Nowadays tea spreads to all over the world. Diverse tea cultures come into being. In some countries and regions, it has already become part of the social custom and culture.In this paper, it first elaborates tea culture in China and Britain, and finally sums up differences of tea culture between the two countries. The first section is a brief introduction. Chapter two is about the history and culture of tea in China, and Chinese tea ceremony. From these introductions you can better understand Chinese traditional culture. The third part is about British tea culture and British-style tea ceremony. Chapter four focuses on differences between British and Chinese tea culture, which has been discussed from four aspects. In the end, their different connotations have been revealed.Culture and ritual are inseparable, and different cultures will be reflected by different manners. Understanding the culture of different countries, and learning their cultural essence and advantages are conducive to cross-cultural exchange.Key words: tea culture; tea ceremony; cultural differences; cross-cultural exchangeContentsChapter 1 Introduction (1)Chapter 2 Chinese Tea Culture and Etiquette (2)2.1 History of Tea in China (2)2.2 Tea Culture in China (2)2.3 China —The Original Tea Ceremony (3)Chapter3 British Tea Culture and Etiquette (5)3.1 Tea Culture in Britain (5)3.2 English Tea Ceremony (6)3.2.1 English Tea Ritual (6)3.2.2 Afternoon Tea (6)3.2.3 High Tea (7)Chapter 4 Differences of Tea Culture (8)4.1 Different Starting Time of Drinking Tea (8)4.2 Different Tea Drinking Cultures (9)4.3 Differences of Tea Etiquette (10)4.4 Differences of Teahouse Culture (11)4.5 Different Social Influences (13)Chapter 5 Conclusion (14)Notes (15)Bibliography (16)Acknowledgements (17)Chapter 1 IntroductionTea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed; by the way people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking. Tea is a customary drink worldwide. In Asian countries, drinking tea is an ancient tradition accompanied by a highly developed tea-based culture which is tied to art and local customs. Among Russians and Eastern Mediterranean inhabitants, tea became a prevalent drink long after the flourishing tea culture developed in China, and yet many years before Europeans tasted it for the first time. The tea ceremonies are the crowning glory of the tea culture. They set it apart and glorify it and give a symbolic meaning to the importance of tea in society and local culture. Tea ceremonies which have been preserved from ancient times open a window to distant cultures and ancient customs which have assimilated into various traditions and accompanied them up until today. In many cultures, tea is often drunk at high class social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events. Western examples are afternoon tea and the tea party. In the east, tea ceremonies differ among countries, it may be consumed early in the day to heighten alertness; it contains theophylline and bound caffeine. There are tea ceremonies which have arisen in different cultures. Chinese tea ceremony uses some traditional ways of brewing tea. One form of Chinese tea ceremony is the Gongfu tea ceremony, which typically uses small Yixing clay teapots and oolong tea. Different regions also favor different varieties of tea, black, green, or oolong, and use different flavorings, such as milk, sugar or herbs. The temperature and strength of the tea likewise vary widely. Some tea cultures in China have e been flourishing for such a long time, it is crucial to first date back to the ancient times and review the origin and development of tea culture on this beautiful land.Chapter 2 Chinese Tea Culture and Etiquette2.1 History of Tea in ChinaAs we all know, China is the hometown of tea culture. The history of tea in China is long and complex. The Chinese have enjoyed tea for millennia. Scholars hailed the brew as a cure for a variety of ailments; the nobility considered the consumption of good tea as a mark of their status, and the common people simply enjoyed its flavor.Tea was first discovered by the Chinese Emperor Shennong in 2737 BC. It is said that the emperor liked his drinking water boiled before he drank it so it would be clean, so that is what his servants did. One day, on a trip to a distant region, he and his army stopped to rest. A servant began boiling water for him to drink, and a dead leaf from the wild tea bush fell into the water. It turned a brownish color, but it was unnoticed and presented to the emperor anyway. The emperor drank it and found it very refreshing, and tea was born. While historically the origin of tea as a medicinal herb useful for staying awake is unclear.1The Han Dynasty used tea as medicine. The use of tea as a beverage drunk for pleasure on social occasion’s dates from the Tang Dynasty or earlier. Chinese tea was primarily used as a medicine before the 8th century B.C. During the spring and Autumn Period, Chinese people chewed tea leaves and enjoyed the taste of the juice itself. In the next stage, Chinese tea was cooked like a soup. Tea leaves were eaten along with the soup. Tea leaves were even mixed with food. Ancient Chinese books documented that tea was eaten and used with other spices to cook.22.2 Tea Culture in ChinaJust as coffee became a part of daily life in the West, tea became a part of daily life in China. One can see teahouses scattered on the streets of China, much like cafeson the streets of the West. The Chinese have such a close relationship with tea that a new culture relating to tea began to rise in China. Tea Culture includes articles, poems, pictures about tea, the art of making and drinking tea, and some customs about tea. Tea plays an important role in Chinese social life. Tea is always offered to a guest immediately upon entering a Chinese home. Serving a cup of tea is more than a matter of mere politeness.It is a symbol of togetherness, a sharing of something enjoyable, and a way of showing respect to visitors. In some areas of China, it might be considered rude not to take at least a sip.Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can be found in most Chinese neighborhoods and business districts. Chinese-style tea houses offer dozens of varieties of hot and cold tea concoctions. They also serve a variety of tea-friendly and tea-related snacks. Beginning in the late afternoon, the typical Chinese tea house quickly becomes packed with students and business people, and later at night plays host to insomniacs and night owls simply looking for a place to relax.The art of drinking and serving tea plays a major cultural role in China. It inspires poetry and songs.3Mutual love of tea cements lifelong friendship. For centuries, the ritual of preparing and serving tea has had a special place in the hearts and minds of Chinese aristocracy, court officials, intellectuals and poets.2.3 China — The Original Tea CeremonyA tea ceremony is a ritualized form of making tea. One can also refer to the whole set of rituals, tools, gestures, etc. used in such ceremonies as tea culture. All of these tea ceremonies and rituals contain “artificiality, abstractness, symbolism and formalism”to one degree or another.4At a very basic level, tea ceremonies are a formalized way of making a hot drink, in a process which has been refined to yield the best taste.The tea ceremony reflects the search for beauty in every object of the world. The ceremony must be conducted in a peaceful atmosphere and induce a sense of tranquility and harmony among the participants.We all know that it is very important to brew Chines e- style .After heating water to boiling; the teapot first is rinsed with hot water. Using chopsticks or a bamboo tea scoop, fill teapot approximately 1/3 full with tea leaves and then pour boiling water into the pot. Hold the teapot over a large bowl, letting the overflow run into the bowl. Give the tea leaves a rinse by filling the pot half full with hot water, then draining the water out immediately, leaving only the soaked tea leaves.Now fill the pot to the top with more hot water, cover and pour additional water over the teapot resting in the tea bowl. Do not allow bubbles to form in the pot. When mixed with the tea, bubbles form the foam that is not aesthetically pleasing. Be sure to not let the tea steep too long; the first infusion should be steeped for only 30 seconds. In less than a minute, pour the tea into the cups by moving the teapot around in a continual motion over the cups so that they are filled together. Each cup should taste exactly the same. After steeping, the tea can be poured into a second teapot or tea pitcher to be served at leisure. More water can be added to the teapot, and up to five infusions typically can be made from the same tea leaves. Be sure to add 10 more seconds for the second brewing and 15 additional seconds thereafter. Each pot of tea serves three to four rounds and up to five or six, depending on the tea and the server. The goal is that each round tastes the same as the first.5China attached great importance to the spirit of tea ceremony. The Chinese tea ceremony is the most ancient ceremony and plays a central role in Chinese culture. The tea is the heart of the ceremony: the host and ceremony participants smell the tea, taste it and enjoy the many layers of taste discovered with every mouthful.Chapter 3 British Tea Culture and Etiquette3.1 Tea Culture in BritainBritain is the second largest tea consumer per capita in the world, with each person consuming on average 2.1 kg per year. The popularity of tea dates back to the 19th century when India was part of the British Empire, and British interests controlled tea production in the subcontinent. It was, however, first introduced in Britain by Catherine of Braganza, queen consort of Charles II of England in the 1660s and 1670s. As tea spread throughout the United Kingdom people started to have tea gardens and tea dances. These would include watching fireworks or a dinner party and dance, concluding with a nice evening tea.6Black tea is usually served with milk (never cream) and sometimes with sugar. Strong tea served with lots of milk and often two teaspoons of sugar, usually in a mug, is commonly referred to as builder’s tea. Much of the time in the United Kingdom, tea drinking is not the delicate, refined cultural expression that the rest of the world imagines—a cup of tea is something drunk often, with some people drinking as much as six cups of tea a day. This is not to say that the British do not have a more formal tea ceremony, but for the working class of the United Kingdom, tea breaks are an essential part of any day. Employers generally allow breaks for tea and sometimes biscuits to be served.There used to be a tradition of tea rooms in the UK which provided the traditional fare of cream and jam on scones, a combination commonly known as cream tea. However, these establishments have declined in popularity since World War II. In Devon and Cornwall particularly, cream teas are a specialty. Tea shops and Lyons Corner Houses were a successful chain of such establishments. It is a common misconception that cream tea refers to tea served with cream. This is certainly not the case. It simply means that tea is served with a scone with clotted cream and jam.73.2 English Tea CeremonyAs we all know, the concept of English tea ceremony was first introduced by the Japanese culture as part of their tradition. From the introduction of the tea ceremony in Japan, the popularity of tea continued to travel until it reached England. So for that, it is not amazing that many of the English especially those who are really tea drinkers still practice the Japanese tea ceremony. This is also associated with the English tea party or the English tea time. As such, this is involved some gatherings and since it is an “English tea ceremony” the tea is at the center stage.3.2.1 English Tea RitualEven very slightly formal events can be a cause for cups and saucers to be used instead of mugs. A typical semi-formal British tea ritual might run as follows.1. The kettle is boiled and water poured into a tea pot.2. Water is swirled around the pot to warm it and then poured out.3. Loose tea leaves—nowadays often tea bags or the dust from a ripped-open tea bag—is then added to the pot.4. Water is added to the pot and allowed to brew for several minutes while a tea cosyis placed on the pot to keep the tea warm.5. Milk may be added to the tea cup, the host asking the guest if milk is wanted,although milk may alternatively be added after the tea is poured.6. A tea strainer, like a miniature sieve, is placed over the top of the cup and the teapoured in.7. The straight black tea is then given to guests and they are allowed to add milk and sugar to their taste.8. The pot will normally hold enough tea so as not to be empty after filling the cups of all the guests. If this is the case, the tea cosy is replaced after everyone has been served.83.2.2 Afternoon TeaAfternoon tea is a light meal typically eaten between 3pm and 5pm. The custom of drinking tea originated in England when Catherine of Braganza married Charles IIin 1661 and brought the practice of drinking tea in the afternoon with her from Portugal.9Various places that belonged to the former British Empire also have such a meal. However, changes in social customs and working hours mean that most Britons will rarely take afternoon tea, if at all.Traditionally, loose tea is brewed in a teapot and served in teacups with milk and sugar. This is accompanied by sandwiches scones and usually cakes and pastries the food is often served on a tiered stand; there may be no sandwiches, but bread or scones with butter or margarine and optional jam or other spread.A formal afternoon tea is, nowadays, usually taken as a treat in a hotel, café or tea shop. In everyday life, many British take much simpler refreshment consisting of tea and biscuits at teatime. While living in Woburn Abbey, Anna Maria Russell, Duchess of Bedford, is credited as the first person to have transformed afternoon tea in England into a late-afternoon meal rather than simple refreshment.103.2.3 High TeaHigh tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5pm and 6pm. It would substitute for both afternoon tea and the evening meal. It is now largely replaced by a later evening meal.High Tea would usually consist of cold meats, eggs or fish, cakes and sandwiches. In a family, it tends to be less formal and is an informal snack or else it is the main evening meal. On farms or other working class environments, high tea would be the traditional, substantial meal eaten by the workers immediately after nightfall, and would combine afternoon tea with the main even meal. See also The UK Tea Council Definition.11Chapter 4 Differences between British andChinese Tea CultureWith technological development and the progress of time, the pace integration of the world’s cultural arts is getting quicker. How ever, due to cultural differences in the historical and environmental conditions, the dissemination and development of culture of tea drinking around the world are different. Such differences not only lie in the starting time of tea drinking, but also in the tea drinking culture and etiquette. Different regions in different countries have maintained different custom and habits of drinking tea.In a modern multicultural era, if we want to achieve cross-cultural communication, we must properly evaluate out own culture and hold a correct view of other country’s culture, namely, retain own cultural characteristics and at the same time continue to learn from others about their cultural strengths, and then improve our own cultural deficiencies. China is the first country discovering and using tea. The history of tea culture in China is long and profound. United Kingdom does not produce tea by itself, but it is the largest tea consumer in the world. It shaped a unique culture of the British black tea and created a comfortable elegant lifestyle of the European afternoon tea. The differences between the two tea cultures will be illustrated specifically in the following sections.4.1 Differences on the Starting Time of Drinking TeaChina is the original home of tea. The history of tea drinking in China is about thousands of years .In the early time, tea was used as medicine. Soon after, tea began to become one of the beverages. Drinking tea is a kind of traditional custom. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, tea has become a popular national drink. As the hometown of tea, China has made a great contribution to mankind, not only because China first discovered and used this plant, but China shows a brilliant and unique tea culture to the whole world, which is earlier than any other countries.In the 16th century, one record about China tea had appeared in the European writings. Chinese tea was formally introduced into the European market by Portugal and Netherlands through trades. Many western countries had joined the ranks of Chinese tea consumption, among which only Britain has formed its own tea culture system. The tea culture of England is rooted in its traditional cultural soil, and the formation is affected by domestic politics, economy and social life and so on. At the same time, the British learn from the experiences of Asian countries, then, the tea culture ultimately formed after 400 years of accumulation. It was, however, first introduced to Britain by Catherine of Braganza, queen consort of Charles II of England in the 1660s and 1670s.12After the kings and nobles are keen on tea drinking, tea became fashionable among the upper-class. At that time, most people started to drink tea. In the Mid-eighteenth century, afternoon tea as an upper-class manner was gradually implemented, and quickly spread to civilian society, which gave it class features.4.2 Different Tea Drinking CulturesIn China, there are two tea drinking categories: the first category is “mixed drink”, which is based on individual preference to add salt, sugar, milk or green onion, orange peel, mint, longan, red dates. Adding orange peel and mint stems from Tang Dynasty. It cooks with fresh leaves or dried leaves into a soup and usually seasoned with salt or uses fresh leaves or dried leaves and boils to a soup accompanied by ginger, pepper, orange peel, mint and others. And now this way, mainly concentrated in ethnic minority areas. Tibetan butter tea contains brick tea with salt, butter, milk, etc. The other is “clean drink”, that is the tea without any ingr edients which may damage the flavor of tea, just tea with boiling water to drink, Tea culture is an outstanding representative of Chinese traditional culture, Chinese people in particular, pay attention to tea art, but also know how to taste tea. Now the domestic still followed the tradition of the Ming and Qing dynasties, is still mainly “clean drink.”Different from Chinese “clean drink”, the British often adds milk and sugar. Britain is the initial consumption of green tea, but now most people drink black tea because of its rich nutrients and pure taste. They add milk and sugar in order to get rid of theophylline.Tea becomes sweet in order to suit their taste. In addition, the British transform the tea; they invent tea bag instead of pieces of the tea leaves, known as instant tea. They put a tea bag in the cup and each cup only needs one day. They also use teapot with filter cup, when they put the hot water in the teapot, the tea is made. This is because of their fast pace of life. Just as they always eat fast food. But in China, people often put some tea in the cup or teapot with hot water and wait for a long time to drink; this period of time can release the full flavor of tea. It is quite different from the British tea drinking. England may have adapted the tea but certainly not the rest of the package. Sugar, lemon and scones are far from the fruits and nuts the Chinese could consider to eat along with the tea.4.3 Differences of Tea EtiquetteChinese people pay much attention to the tea ceremony, through the tea ceremony they can achieve self-cultivation, character cultivation and taste life. This is the highest level of drinking tea. “Harmon ious, whisht, joyful, true” is the “Four Noble spirits” of Chinese tea ceremony.13“Harmon ious” is the philosophical core of Chinese tea culture and the soul of the tea ceremony. “True” is the ultimate pursuit of Chinese tea ceremony. Chinese tea drinking is not only playing the role of rest and recreation, but rather as a spiritual inspiration and emotional sustenance, while the British ways is lacking of drinking tea in philosophical spirit.Different from Chinese tea ceremony the British tea is more lively and put more emphasis on social communication, emphasizing a kind of elegant style. Victorian Afternoon Tea is the core content of British black tea culture, as a composite art form, simple but not shabby, gorgeous but not vulgar. Under the warm sun in the afternoon, accompanied by melodious classical music, people relax the body and mind, when drinking tea. The British have a fixed time for drinking tea. In the morning, they drink “Early Morning Tea”after they get up. In the afternoon between 3pm and 5pm isafternoon tea, and so on. They also have Tea Party, tea in Garden and Picnic Tea. In the eyes of most Chinese people, tea drinking can be at any time and place. Tea is an indispensable lifestyle. The so-called tea culture is formalized in Teahouses. Typical British families drink tea at least five times a day. This showed different tea ceremonies and tea culture.The Chinese tea ceremony emphasizes the tea, rather than the ceremony, what the tea tastes like, smells like, and how one type of tea tastes compared to the previous tea, or in successive rounds of drinking. Ceremony doesn’t mean that each server will perform the ritual the same way; it is not related to religion. Each step is meant to be a sensory exploration and appreciation.Since in an English tea ceremony the English tea is the star, it is well-noted that most of the people attending in this prepared exceptional silver wares. As such, the English tea ceremony is much well-known for the presentation of the silver wares like the common English silver tea pots. It is believed that most of the English love the presentation of the silver ware in this because of the pleasure that it gives to them. In this the presence of silver wares is a hint for an elegant English tea ceremony. Furthermore, the English tea ceremony is considered to be unofficial since the tea is an unofficial national drink in England.14In Britain, there is also a proper manner in which to drink tea when using a cup and saucer. If one is seated at a table, the proper manner to drink tea is to raise the teacup only, placing it back into the saucer in between sips. When standing or sitting in a chair without a table, one holds the tea saucer with the left hand and the tea cup in the right hand. When not in use, the tea cup is placed back in the tea saucer and held in one’s lap or at waist height. In either event, the tea cup should never be held or waved in the air.4.4 Differences of Teahouse CultureDue to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can be found in most Chinese neighborhoods and business districts. Chinese-style tea housesoffer dozens of varieties of hot and cold tea concoctions. They also serve a variety of tea-friendly and/or tea-related snacks. In the late afternoon, the typical Chinese tea house quickly becomes packed with students and business people, and later at night plays host to insomniacs and night owls simply looking for a place to relax. Formal tea houses also exist. They provide a range of Chinese and Japanese tea leaves, as well as tea making accoutrements and a better class of snack food. Finally there are the tea vendors, who specialize in the sale of tea leaves, pots, and other related paraphernalia.Teahouse in China was initially to accept the Quartet of visitors from public place, then in order to meet the psychological needs of nobility, who open “lounge”and set gathering place where professional entertainers perform storytelling and crosstalk. Developed to the south, there has been a variety of folk arts. Teahouses are not only providing a stage for artists, but also bring entertainment to customers. It is said that a considerable portion of China’s long historical novels that was born here and this is the birthplace of popular literature. Today, the decoration of the domestic teahouses has become the focus of designers. The decoration of this new kind of teahouses tends to be mixed as a whole. Although the decoration is a harmonious blend of traditional and modern features, and there are a large number of Chinese elements. All of these reflect the essence of Chinese tea culture.The teahouse was born in western bourgeois society in the 18th century. It was designed for artists, writers and other social upper class. Interior of teahouses in Britain are elegant and gorgeous. Most of people in the teahouse are nobleman from the upper class, so the whole environment of the teahouse is different from China. The form and development of Chinese teahouse has a long history. It provides public place for commonalty where people can chat and relax, The interior decoration is natural and simple, In a sense, the Chinese teahouses is a social embryonic form It is a mirror that can reflect the secular society, while the western teahouse is just as an ivory tower, which shows arrogant and virtuous style .The differences between Chinese and Western teahouse, to some extent, display the differences of tea culture.The teahouse has become a beautiful landscape of fashionable city. It is blend oftradition and civilization. It is also a kind of comparison and blending of eastern and Western civilization.4.5 Different Social InfluencesDrinking tea has a long and deep-rooted Chinese traditions and customs. Social development has shown that modernization is not the only objective. A modern society needs a corresponding spiritual civilization, and we need to explore the spiritual resources of fine traditional culture.The influence of Chinese tea is also significant.In China,tea culture focuses on coordination of the relationship between people.Tea culture improves the quality of people’s culture and life.Chinese tea culture promotes an open and international cultural exchange.Chinese tea culture not only has a great impact on China, but also has a profound impact on world tea culture.It has good effect on modern civilization of Britain about national nutrition, social morals, economy and politics. Tea becomes necessary of every family. Afternoon tea provides the social place for woman. It also changes the diet form of Britain. Tea becomes a part of meal .They drink tea in the morning, in the afternoon and in the evening. The bulky consumption of tea stimulates foreign trade and colonial expansion, especially, in order to change the predicament of loss of silver due to tea import constantly. It is one reason to cause the opium war. Britain export opium to China and earned a lot of money through opium trade. It supports the huge eastern colonial of Britain. It provides accumulation of capital for early industrial civilization.15So the social influences are extremely different.。
中英茶文化差异word版本
中英茶文化差异word版本AcknowledgementsI am very grateful to my supervisor Ms.Zhang who gave me encouragement, careful guidance and helpful advice to me throughout the writing of this thesis. It is she that not only gave me many valuable advices but also let me know how to write this topic.What' s more, I should express my gratitude to Ms. Zhang again for her insightful advice on my choice of the topic and valuable comments on my thesis. I am also indebted to my other teachers who had given me their sincere help and guidance and to my classmates who had given me their constant encouragement to me in the course of my studies.Of course, I also thank our school library which provides me with so many useful reference books and collected data. And my last special thanks would go to my dearest families. When I make a success, they are more excited than me, and support me to do better. Even though I failed, instead of blaming, they always share sorrow with me, an encourage me not to give up. In a word, the support from these people is always my momentum during my university study years even all the way.AbstractTea is one special kind of drink without alcohol that originates from China, and it is usually used as antidote. Then people found it was good for health to drink tea, and could refresh oneself, making people calm down. Thus tea has become more popular gradually and more and more people are fond of drinking tea every day. When it comes to Chinese Tea, it can be traced back to ancient times and was especially flourished in theTang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty. We can say that the events about tea all around world are mostly and basically spread out from China. Tea was initially introduced to Europe and was all the rage in Britain in 17 century. Tea plays more and more important role of British in their daily life. When the general tea culture was combined with the culture in Britain, a new unique British type of tea culture formed, for example, the afternoon tea. There are some similarities of tea cultures between China and Britain, such as tea to guests, tea poets who like writing poems connected closely with tea. And there are also many idioms about tea can be found in both countries. Of course, there are still many different aspects owing to the quite different cultures in East and West. For example, the difference of tea's development of history; especially the customs of drinking tea is totally different. In fact, the more important reasons that lead to these two distinctive tea cultures are different points of value and world outlook of two nations. Chinese people who respect and rely on nature think that man is an integral part of nature. We human beings should get along with nature harmoniously. The British who advocate and emphasize individualism hold that human beings are independent, and they attempt to conquer the nature while Chinese people emphasize the importance of collectivity; they always believe collective benefits outweigh the personal interest which opposites to the view of British people who emphasize personal interest than collective benefits. On the basis of analyzing the history and customs this thesis just makes a brief study on the similarities and dissimilarities in Chinese and British tea culture.Key Words: Tea Culture; China and Britain; Comparison; Afternoon Tea摘要茶是一种不含酒精的饮料，起源于中国，它通常被用作解毒剂。
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AcknowledgementsI am very grateful to my supervisor Ms.Zhang who gave me encouragement, careful guidance and helpful advice to me throughout the writing of this thesis. It is she that not only gave me many valuable advices but also let me know how to write this topic.What' s more, I should express my gratitude to Ms. Zhang again for her insightful advice on my choice of the topic and valuable comments on my thesis. I am also indebted to my other teachers who had given me their sincere help and guidance and to my classmates who had given me their constant encouragement to me in the course of my studies.Of course, I also thank our school library which provides me with so many useful reference books and collected data. And my last special thanks would go to my dearest families. When I make a success, they are more excited than me, and support me to do better. Even though I failed, instead of blaming, they always share sorrow with me, an encourage me not to give up. In a word, the support from these people is always my momentum during my university study years even all the way.AbstractTea is one special kind of drink without alcohol that originates from China, and it is usually used as antidote. Then people found it was good for health to drink tea, and could refresh oneself, making people calm down. Thus tea has become more popular gradually and more and more people are fond of drinking tea every day. When it comes to Chinese Tea, it can be traced back to ancient times and was especially flourished in the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty. We can say that the events about tea all around world are mostly and basically spread out from China. Tea was initially introduced to Europe and was all the rage in Britain in 17 century. Tea plays more and more important role of British in their daily life. When the general tea culture was combined with the culture in Britain, a new unique British type of tea culture formed, for example, the afternoon tea. There are some similarities of tea cultures between China and Britain, such as tea to guests, tea poets who like writing poems connected closely with tea. And there are also many idioms about tea can be found in both countries. Of course, there are still many different aspects owing to the quite different cultures in East and West. For example, the difference of tea's development of history; especially the customs of drinking tea is totally different. In fact, the more important reasons that lead to these two distinctive tea cultures are different points of value and world outlook of two nations. Chinese people who respect and rely on nature think that man is an integral part of nature. We human beings should get along with nature harmoniously. The British who advocate and emphasize individualism hold that human beings are independent, and they attempt to conquer the nature while Chinese people emphasize the importance of collectivity; they always believe collective benefits outweigh the personal interest which opposites to the view of British people who emphasize personal interest than collective benefits. On the basis of analyzing the history and customs this thesis just makes a brief study on the similarities and dissimilarities in Chinese and British tea culture.Key Words: Tea Culture; China and Britain; Comparison; Afternoon Tea摘要茶是一种不含酒精的饮料，起源于中国，它通常被用作解毒剂。
后来人们发现它是一种健康的饮品具有使人神清气爽的功效。
随着人们喝茶的日趋普遍，茶成了每天的必需品。
在民间也相应地出现很多谚语来形容茶的重要性，如茶被形容为“一日不可无茶” ，“开门七件事：柴、米、油、盐、酱、醋、茶” 。
中国的茶叶可以追溯到古代，特别是在唐、宋时期达到鼎盛。
此外，据说世界各地关于茶的主要事件都基本上是从中国传出去的。
17 世纪，茶传入欧洲并在英国风靡起来，在人们的生活中扮演越来越重要的角色。
这种舶来品与当地文化的融合形成了一种新的以下午茶为代表的独特英式茶文化。
中国与英国作为饮茶大国都有久远而浓厚的饮茶文化，有很多的相似之处，比如都会以茶代客,诗人都喜欢写关于茶的诗词，而且两个国家都有很多与茶相关的谚语。
当然，茶文化在中国和英国也存在有着差异。
比如，其历史渊源的不同，特别是饮茶习俗，俩国是完全不同的。
而导致这些差异的根本原因是其渗透在各自茶文化中的世界观和价值观不同。
中国人认为天人合一，自然是不可战胜的，人类要按客观规律办事，要与自然和谐相处。
英国人则提倡个体，认为人是独立的，人要勇于征服自然。
本论文在研究中、英茶的历史渊源、饮茶习俗、习惯等方面的基础上，展开对中英茶文化差异的探讨。
关键词：茶文化；中英；对比；下午茶Contents1.Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 ...2.Similarities in Chinese and British Tea Cultures ................................................................. 2...2.1 Tea to Guests ............................................................................................................ 2...2.2 Poets and Tea ............................................................................................................ 3 ...2.3 Idioms about Tea ......................................................................................................3...2.4 The Elegance of Tea ................................................................................................. 4...3.The Dissimilarities of Chinese and British Tea Cultures ..................................................... 5...3.1 The Different Histories ............................................................................................... 5...3.1.1 Chinese Tea History ......................................................................................... 5 ...3.1.2 British Tea History ............................................................................................ 7...3.2 Different Customs ...................................................................................................... 8...3.2.1 Chinese Tea Customs ...................................................................................... 8 ...3.2.2 British Tea Customs ......................................................................................... 9 ...3.3 The Ways People Drink Tea ..................................................................................... 1..0..3.3.1 Chinese Way ................................................................................................. 1..0.3.3.2 British Way .................................................................................................... 1..0.3.4 Different Spirit Pursuits When Drinking Tea ............................................................. 1..03.4.1 Chinese Spirit Pursuits1..0..3.4.2 British Spirit Pursuits ...................................................................................... 1..1.4.Integration of Tea Culture in China and Britain .................................................................... 1..15.Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 1..2.. Bibliography ........................................................................................................................... 1..4..Exploring the Differences of Tea Culture between China and Britain1. IntroductionAt prese nt, the cultural com muni cati on among coun tries has become more popular and frequent. We have to say it is the age that culture fiercely agitates each other; all countries have to face the challenge brought about by diversified and globalized society, the conflict and friction between the national traditional cultures and modernization, as well. People like to discuss which one is much better. To be honest, people should judge on their own culture objectively, and view culture of other countries fairly in perspective. People need absorbing others cultural merits to remedy and update defects of their culture while retaining own culture feature. China, as is known to all, is the birthplace of tea and Brita in is also con sidered as ano ther country of drinking tea. Both of them are two big countries that have long history and strong cultural base. However, their respective cultures are quite different. This paper will just show a tiny part of difference between Chinese and British cultures by comparing the tea cultures.Tea is a kind of shrub with so fragrant white flowers and evergreen leaves. The dried leaves of this pla nt which are plucked in differe nt stages of growth and prepared by various processes can be used to make a hot beverage. Accord ing to historical records and some lege nd, tea has bee n known in China since about 2700B.C.pers on ally, I am so proud that It is Chin ese who earliest discover and use tea.As the homela nd of tea, China has long history, exte nsive and profo und tea culture」n China, tea is not merely one kind of drink but it a symbol of culture that refers to the Humanities and it is always con sidered as a mysterious but harm onious comb in atio n; Furthermore it is a carrier of tea culture by which spread out various kinds of culture. In fact tea culture is organic integration of tea and culture, which include and reflect a certain period of material civilization and spiritual civilization in China. Also it is invigorating as well as pacifying. Its character is flexible in different environments. For example, a different tea culture would be formed only if tea goes in a differe nt direct ion. It also represe ntsa state of peace -- peaceof mind. Or it is regarded as a symbol of not seeking fame and wealth of tranquility, of recovering to the simple and coming to the nature. At present, tea culture is a very typical and important carrier of leisure culture for Chinese. When it is introduced to Britain with popularity, tea combined with native culture has gradually formed a new unique tea culture. Although Britain is not a country to product tea just like China, the British are absolutely and most definitely true the second largest per capita tea consumers in the world, with each person consuming on average 2.1 kg per year.(Eva ns, 2000: 3) In particular, the ways to drink tea of them are so popular among people all around the world eve n in clude Chin ese. There are similarities and differe nee betwee n western and eastern tea culture because of its own economic and traditional cultural background .This article will do make effort to explore a comparative study on tea culture between China and Britain. First, I prepare to discuss the similarities that are closely followed by describing or illustrating the differences caused by the dissimilarities related to development of history and customs. Then, a set of importa nt con clusi ons that is derived from the whole paper will be made.2. Similarities in Chinese and British Tea CulturesThere is a long history of tea in both China and Britain. On the one hand, tea cultures in China and Britain are quite different owing to their different native cultures in West and East. On the other hand, whe n tea acts as a kind of beverages there still exist someth ing in com mon.2.1 Tea to GuestsChina is a country with a time-honored civilization and a land of ceremony and decorum. In China, tea is always severed hospitality to show their kindn ess and high respect to the guests when guests visit to their homes .Most of time the hosts try to prepare better tea ,especially when some more importa nt or upper class come. It seems to be n ecessary to welcome guests with tea. Moreover, tea has always been rooted in peop' heart as a symbol of civilization that stands for thousa nds of years of Chin ese great fame -- “礼仪之邦'.'o won 'be so surprised whe n you get into an eatery and see the waiter make a cup of tea to the guest hospitality. In Britain:stalso com mon to receive guests with tea. Let's take the Early Morni ng Tea as example. It would be a best choice to treat the guest by making a cup of tea because it can firstly wake him up and help him keep more energetic. What ' s more, it also shows the great care of host. But, Afternoon Tea is served together with dessert to treat the guests. There is no doubt that China and Britain share the same com muni cative fun cti ons of tea.2.2 Poets and TeaIn China, tea plays a special role that is closely related to literatus even from ancient time.In their opinion drinking tea or exactly savoring tea is one kind of elegant activities like writing, drawing and so on. Tea-drinking sometimes gives them inspiration and helps them to create classic works whichdescribe tea and relationship between people ' s lives and tea.In Britain, poets are interested in writing some works about tea as well as those Chinese poets. Famous poets like W.N. Cowper, Alexander Pope, and B.P. Shelley write some works about tea. For example, “ The Rolliad ” (1785) written by British Liberals and seeetenses are written as follows :“ What tongue can tell, the various kinds of tea? Of black and green, Of Hyson and Bohear; With Singlo, Congou, Pekoe and Souchong, Cows lip the fragrant, Gun powder the strong. ” (It described the character of tea, and did some compares). And one of Alexander Pope ' s long satire poems named “ The Rape of the Lock ” (1712) like this: great Anne! Whom three realms obey, dost sometimes coun sel take, and sometimes tea.kind of satire)2.3 Idioms about TeaIn China, we can find many idioms connected with tea, such as “oneof seven daily necessities,the others being firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, and vinegar ”“Afamily can' t have no tea one day ” , which emphasis the importanee of tea in people ' s daily life as neMeanwhile, in Britain many idioms about tea are known to people as well .For example: not quite my cup of tea refers to somebody does n 'like the one offered very much. By con trast, some one' cup of tea means someth ing that some one cares about or is fond of. Besides, “ As useful as a chocolate teapot that refers to something is suitable for decorative for decorative purpose but unsuitable for utility ” .“ Not for all the tea in China ” means I would cmatter how much ben efit can be give n. ” And the phrase “ Tea and sympathy ” means the cand sympathy for. “ For all the tea in China ” peapeesBi^a the means a great asset.This idiom occurs in late 19th century when tea was considered very precious, most tea of western countries is imported from other countries and China was the word' greatest tea producer so “ all the tea in ChinOndeed a hisge wealth. Furthermore, another example is a tea hound which is in teresti ng. It means some one who likes to in itiate a conv ersatio n with beautieson the balls, tea parties and other social occasi ons. The sentence “ Jack is mature enhe is not a tea hound any Ion ger. ” means Jack is no Ion ger a playboy. Last but not least exampa tempest in a teapot or a storm in a tea cup means “ makea mountain out of a molehill 6r“ make a big fuss over a minor issue. For example, the whole affa i s just a tempest in a teapot, in a couple of mon ths every one will have forgotte n about it. The sentence means the thi ng is so com mon that people should not make much fuss about trifles.2.4 The Elega nee of TeaIn fact, tea drinking and tea tasti ng are differe nt in China. Drinking tea does mainly work tea ' s ability to quench their thirst. Diversely, tea tasting has cultural meaning that stresses color, fragra nee, taste. When people taste tea they pay great atte nti on to the quality of tea wares and they like to drink slowly and savor every drop. Subsequently, a special tea culture has become formed. When tasting tea it requires that Tea and tea wares should match with surrounding eleme nts such as breeze, bright moon, pin es, bamboo, plums and snow which show the ultimate goal pursued by Chin ese: the harm onious un ity of huma n beings with n ature.The traditi onal Con fucia n theory believes that pers onal character can be compared to tea that is sober, sensible and gentle. Tea can make people feel stimulating, exciting in a way. The fragranee of tea is not aggressive but, is pleasant, comforting and lasting. It ' s sbetween gentlemen is also like a cup of tea. You will feel a strong sense of peace when you hold a cup of tea in hand, enjoying the gree n leaves in a white porcela in cup. Gradually, other earthly concerns such fame, wealth are far away. Tea is really the symbol of eleganee.In Brita in, people also pursue and worship elega nee while drinking tea. For example, duri ng after noon tea, the best room and porcela in would be prepared by the hostess to treat the guests warmly. They also offer some delicious and exquisite snacks to entertain guests. What more s both men and wome n should be meticulously dressed. Men guests ofte n wear tailcoat and wome n used to wear robe in Victoria age but today wear formal Western style clothes. Of course it is necessary for the hostess to wear formal dress. We can see the eleganee becomes visible in all those details. In Britain ' s history, tea waseaten frequently ineriad palace, being started from upper class firstly , the n became more popular among the com mon people, so obviously it is n atural that the tea culture has elega nee of the n oble.3. The Dissimilarities of Chinese and British Tea CulturesTea has become sought-after by more and more people which act as a very importa nt role in both Chinese and British culture. However, a distinction should be made between tea cultures in China and Britain because cultural background in west and east are quite different.3.1 The Different Histories3.1.1 Chi nese Tea HistoryAs a national drink. Chinese tea has enjoyed a very long history that even can be tracked back to about 3000 thousa nd years ago. In around 2737 BC tea was firstly discovered. Accord ing to one ancient record, it is the lege ndary emperor Shennong who is con sidered as inven tor of Chin ese medic ine and agriculture liked drinking boili ng water very much. On ce, on the trip to a dista nt place, he and his serva nts had a rest and drunk some water just boiled whe n a few leaves fall into his water from a nearby tree. And then, his bowl of water has changed the color miraculously. The emperor was pleasantly surprised by its flavor after taking a sip of the brew. Origi nally, tea is just treated as herbs as medic ine did. There is a story about Shengnong tast ing a hundred varieties of herbs mentioned in Luyu 's famous work titled Cha Jing that tells Shengnwould try to chew different kinds of leaves, stems of even poisonous plant to find out suitable and useful herbs. Tea is used to coun teract the pois on if he is uni ucky to be pois onous duri ng the process of tasting, as is mentioned in Lu Yu's famous early work on the subject, Cha Jing. A similar Chin ese lege nd goes that the god of agriculture would chew the leaves, stems, and roots of various pla nts to discover medici nal herbs. If he con sumed a pois onous pla nt, he would chew tea leaves to coun teract the pois on. In Tang Dyn asty, ano ther lege nd odd spread out widely. It tells about the founder of Chan Buddhism, Bodhidharma, was sunk in sleep for nine years after sin cere meditati ng in front of a wall which made him so regretful and disgust that he cut off his eyelids decisively. How gruesome it is that the eyelids fell to the ground and took root, fin ally grow ing into tea bushes un expectedly. Probably, there is no historical basis at all but it is true that tea has played an important and significant role in Chinese culture for centuries whether it acts as a beverage, an herb, and a symbol of one' s ocial status. Naturally, the theories of its orig in are bound up with court and religi on in esse nee. In China, people have con sumed tea for thousands of years and it is said that China has the earliest records of tea consumption.Laozi (ca. 600-517 BC), one of excelle nt Chin ese philosophers who described tea as "the froth of the liquid jade" and thought it was a necessity to the elixir of life is closely connected with tea. It is told that master Lao was so disappo in ted by moral dege neracy, believ ing that the dyn asty would come to the end soon, therefore, he decided to leave for ano ther land. On the road, he met and was offered tea by a customs in spector called Yin Hsi whom he took en courageme nt from in his study. This directly led to the appearance of his well known Dao De Jing, a collection of Laozi's famous say in gs. Latter, Wang Bao wrote a book referri ng to some in formatio n about buying and prepari ng tea in59 BC.In 220 AD, Shi Lun writte n by highly praised physicia n and surge on Hua Tuo in troducedone fun cti on of tea to refresh one' s men tal, creat ing a new cerem ony of tea.And it was the Sui Dyn asty that tea started to be in troduced to Japa n.Lu Yu born in Tang Dynasty wrote the world ' s first classic book about tea tilted Cha Jing that has had great effect on promoti ng the developme nt and spread of tea culture. The book does not only describe various kno wledge about tea in details but also in itially con sidered the process of making tea as a kind of art, in clud ing the ways of tea pla nts being grow n, the leaves being processed, and prepari ng of tea as a beverage. Moreover it discusses the way to evaluate tea and the best place for produci ng tea and so on …At that time in history, teas produced were mainly tea bricks that acted as currency while coins in royal lost values gradually.During the period of Song Dyn asty, the ways to make and prepare had radically cha nged. Many loose-leaf styles of tea were worshiped by the court as one powdered form emerged. Although steaming tea played prominent role in the process of preparing tea last several cen turies. With the developme nt from compressed tea to the powered form, the product ion of tea for trade and distributio n cha nged as well. Un til the mid-13th cen tury, the Chin ese started to learn a creative way to process tea whe n tea leaves were roasted and crumbled subseque ntly in stead of being steamed. I have to say that is an importa nt source of today 'loose tea. In addition, it carried out brewed tea into practice.During the Ming Dyn asty, the court promulgated a decreed formally that there was no other than loose tea could be treated as a holy “ tribute This directly resulted in the raise of tea ' s product ion and the adva nceme nt of tech niq ues to produce tea.After the founding of New Chi na, tea, a substa ntial in crease in material wealth for the development of tea culture in China provides a solid foundation. Some institutions or orga ni zati ons have bee n found successively to carry forward tea cultures. Such as, "tea house" was established in Hang Zhou, Hubei''s_u Yu Tea Culture ", Association of Chinese Tea International Tea Culture Seminar, etc. Meanwhile Tea culture has become a kind of leisure culture gradually. Teahouses can be seen here and there in which for entertainment and chatting.3.1.2 British Tea HistoryIn May of 1660, tea bega n to be in troduced by the wife of Ki ng Charles II--the Portuguese princess Catherine of Braganza, who firstly brought the habit of drinking tea to the court. Since then, tea drinking become a kind of pleasure of British Royal and an importa nt part of life. At the outset, the tea used in Britain court was not imported from China directly but transferred into by Portuguese people. It is in 1664 that Chinese tea was directly imported into Britain.With the freque nt trade betwee n one Chin ese tradi ng compa ny called Chin ese Hongs and the British East In dia Compa ny, tea was imported successfully and promoted as a beverage. And it was treated as a drink for the n oble at the late of 17th cen tury, but un expectedly became the national drink by 1750. In fact, appearance of large amount of trade in tea was caused by the n eed for the East In dies. In that period, mercha nt ships send fabrics from Britai n to In dia and China but always returned with nothing except empty ships. In order to solve this issue well, the East India Company developed tea as the necessary return goods which made tea became popular among the com mon people.With the in crease in importati on and sales of cane sugar duri ng a period of time from 1690 to 1750, that of tea also escalatedaccordingly becausethe Britain only drink sweet tea rather than tea. So the relatio nship of trade betwee n Brita in produc ing the sugar and China provid ing the tea became greatly enhan ced.In Manchurian days, the emperor of China claimed that China was the center of the world and it had everything including some that other countries could ever need but difficult to get, foreigners must paid Silver in all trade with China. Owing to this, the Britain had to pay for our tea with silver bullion which caused Britain ' s great loBattrfmpalthcircumvent itsdepe ndence on Chin ese tea, on the one hand, Brita in bega n export ing opium to Qing gover nment. On the other hand, the East In dia Compa ny sent Scottish bota nist Robert Fort une to China to buy tea seeds in 1848. He carried back the seeds by putting them into a portable incubator with steamship sailing from our country to India. In this way, massive tea trees began to grow and thrive. Many tea garde ns developed quickly. All of these boost the popularity of drinking tea followed by a creative tea culture -- British black tea culture that is well known to us.British tea became quite important goods just like that in China, playing a special role in global trade and making big effect in contributing to Britain ' s dominthe podite n by18th cen tury. Thus, most of people all around world con sidered tea as a symbol of while it was also seenas a symbol of old British colonialism by some people.3.2 Differe nt Customs3.2.1 Chi nese Tea CustomsIn China, tea is a more importa nt part of culture tha n just a kind hot beverage. The methods to prepare and serve tea stem from ancient times passed down for several generations. Specifically, Chinese tea closely mirrors the unity of Chinese tradition and custom of drinking tea with the developme nt of its tech niq ues to produce tea. Differe nt occasi ons of prepari ng and consuming tea can be prese nted as follows.1) One of the seve n daily n ecessitiesAs one of the seve n n ecessities (in cludi ng firewood, oil, rice, salt, vin egar, and soy sauce), tea has bee n take n seriously by people. Maybe it is related that tea can help people be far away from the force of vile.2) To Show Respect with TeaIt is com mon to see the youn ger ofte n greet the elder with tea to show their respect in Chi na. And it is said in the past only people of lower class could serve those higher ranking people, which is fairly different from that of today. With the thought of free spreading, people accept more new life styles. So it is not surpris ing whether the boss pour tea for his subord in ates or the parents pour tea for their kinds to show their kindness or care. But, it is improper for the lower class to expect the higher class to serve them in formal occasi ons.3) Chinese Tea in WeddingsPare nts and childre n ofte n go to restaura nts and drink tea for leisure at weeke nds because they have little time to meet each other whe n the childre n are busy worki ng or after marriage. Therefore, it becomes freque nt and importa nt activity to drink tea together for their gatheri ng. Otherwise, people always go for drinking tea to celebrate some sig nifica nt festivals which reflect family values of Chin ese in some exte nt.4) For a family gatheri ngIt is an old tradition and necessary etiquette for the groom and bride to serve their parents tea by which expressesappreciation for breeding. After drinking, parents will give them red en velop with money but much best wishes.3.2.2 British Tea CustomsIn 1662, Portuguese prin cess Catheri ne of Braga nza brought Chin ese black tea into Brita in with her marriage with King Charles II. She doesn ' t only love tea, but consider it as a mysteri health beverage.A nd due to her advocacy, tea culture was quickly prevale nt in the court and exte nded to prin ces, no bles and rich families the n drinking tea becomes their one importa nt way of keeping health and an elegant social etiquette. Latter , more and more people rush to copy, as well as, drinking tea spread to folk in stead of wine or beer, beco ming British n ati onal tea. Therefore, princess Catherineof Braganza was known as “queen of tea ” .Tea can be said to affect every class in Brita in and it is famous for its “ after no onea ” culture. The upper used to drink breakfast tea and after noon tea. In the middle of 18th cen tury, the British attached more importance of hearty breakfast and dinner than simple lunch. It is long time duration between two formal meals. When tea is brought to Britain, drinking tea became fashi on able among the upper classes and many wome n of aristocrat liked to eat dessert at five o' clock in the after noon with tea which was imitated widely by others. I n this way, the after noon tea becomes prevale nt as a popular etiquette and has spread to the civilia n society rapidly. And it is com mon to see that trai n, ship eve n airport offer cups of tea to guests. Besides, some restaura nts serve customers with after noon tea while cin emas ofte n treat tea as a great means of com muni cati ng with others duri ng rest time.Traditi onal after noon tea usually in cludes san dwiches that are well-chose n, scones smeared with clotted cream and preserves.Differe ntly, today after noon tea may be served just with a biscuit or small piece of cake and mug of tea. And teabag is used widely.There are many coffee houses in which take responsibility for introducing tea to England. It is great to experie nce the after noon tea traditi on and visit a fin est teahouse.What' s more, accord ing to record whe n starti ng to know and drink tea, the British treated green tea as the fist choice. However, it changed greatly until they found the black tea is thick and full of much nu triti on. There are two reas ons for people to choose black tea rather tha n gree n tea. Some hold it is easier to keep black tea than green tea while others believe that it can help people keep warmer to drink black for British liv ing in this in sularity around sea where is cold in whole year.3.3 The Ways People Drink Tea3.3.1 Chi nese WayAs a multi-national country, Chinese culture must be multifarious and colorful but different from each other. That is to say 56 peoples have their respective ways to drink because of distinet life styles.。