《外贸英语期末复习资料(2019.12)doc》

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外贸英语函电期末复习资料总汇

外贸英语函电期末复习资料SENTENCESUnit 1Unit 2英译中1. Your firm has been kindly recommended by the ABC Co. Ltd. as the largest exporters of glassware.承蒙ABC有限公司介绍，得知贵公司是最大的玻璃器皿出口商。

2. We have the pleasure of introducing ourselves to you with the hope that we may have a good chance of cooperation with you.很荣幸向贵公司推荐敝公司，希望我们能有机会与贵公司合作。

3. We take the liberty of writing to you with a view to establish business relations with you.我们冒昧地写信以期与贵公司建立业务关系。

4. We are the exporter of high reputation, engaged in exportation of light industrial products.我们是信誉卓著的出口商，长期经营轻工产品的出口业务。

5. To give you some idea of various types of bicycles we are dealing in, we are pleased to send you, under separate cover, by air-mail our latest catalogue and a price list.为使你方了解我方经营的各种自行车，我们很高兴另封航邮寄去我们的最新产品目录与价格单一份。

6.We are one of the main producers of industrial chemicals in Germany, and are interested in establishing business relations with your company.我们经营德国工业化工产品主要生产商之一，欲与贵公司建立业务关系。

外贸英文函电期末复习整理.doc

international business 国际商务economic integration 经济一体化globalization of markets 市场全球化IMF 国际货币基金组织global financial system 全球金融体系multinational company 跨国公司trade barrier贸易壁垒GATT关税与贸易总协议market liberalization 市场自由化emerging markets 新兴市场the globalizationof capital 资本全球化GNI国民总收入economic integration blocs 经济一体化集团Coincide with 与 ... 相符Foreign direct investment 外国直接投资International portfolio investment 国际证券投资___________ Letter-head 信头Reference and date 编号与日期Inside name and address 信内名称，地址Attention line 经办人Subject line 标题(事由) Complimentary close 结尾敬辞Carbon copy notation 抄送Identification line 辨认记号The second page 第二页Trade with经商，做买卖Trade in 经营(商品)deal in deal with与…打交道，与…做生意，处理Commissionhouse提取佣金的商行Lightindustrial products 轻工产品State-operated corporation 国营公司Joint venture合资企业Deal exclusively in独家经营Enjoy a high reputation享有很高的声誉Sister corporation 兄弟公司Supply sb. With sth.向某人供应某物Be assured of使确信，使放心Get in touch with sb.与某人联系，接洽Do business with sb.与某人做贸易，成交Specific requirement 具体要求Throughmutual efforts 共同努力Equality and mutual benefit 平等互利In time及时In turn轮流地In short 总之Price list 价目单Cotton prints E卩花布Export terms 出口条款Fine in quality 质地优良Moderate in price 价格公道Novel in design 设计新颖Household electric appliance 家用电器Energy-saving 节能In order妥当；整齐无误Make...to order 定做In good order情况良好To one's order以…为抬头，凭..指示Be subject to以…为准By separatepost 另由B Prompt shipment 即装Processing with supplied materials 来料加工Enquire for询购某物Enquire about打听某事Enquire into 调查Make sb an offer for给某人报..的价格Sth be under offer某商品在出售中The offer is firm for....此报盘有效期为Make sb. an offer向某人报盘Accept offer 接受报盘counter-offerRenew offer恢复报盘还盘Decline offer谢绝报盘Withdraw offer 撤销报盘Entertain offer 考虑报盘Non-firm offer 虚盘An offer without engagement 无约束性的报盘Wholesale price 批发价Gross price 毛价net price 净价Sell off 拍卖Sell out 卖完Repeat order重复订购initial order初次订购Conditions of sales 销售条件 A special allowance 特别折扣Subject to prior sale 以先售为条件Subject to change without notice 不经通知可以改变In cartons装纸箱As per按照Acknowledge receipt of 收至！JAs a much lower price than 以比…低;得多的价格Supply...from sock 供…现货Have...in stock 有…现货Out of stock 脱销With /in reference to... 关于For your reference 供你方参考Confirmed L/C保兑信用证Commercial invoice 商业发票Makeup 制作，准备Confirming bank 保兑行Confirming house 保付商行Shipping instructions 装船提示Agree on(upon)...就…达成一致Bill of exchange 汇票Promissorynote 本票Demand draft (D/D)票汇Telegraphic transfer(T/T )电汇Mailtransfer (M/T )信汇Remi伍ng/paying bank 汇出行/汇入行Collecting bank 托收银行Documents against payment 付款交单Documents againstacceptance(D/A) 承兑交单Commercial bill 商业汇票Banker'sbill银行汇票Sight bill即期汇票Time bill远期汇wIrrevocable L/C不可撤销信用证Unconfirmed L/C非保兑信用证Non-transferable L/C不可转让信用证Documentary L/C跟单信用证Revolving L/C循环信用证Reciprocal L/C对开信用证Back toback L/C对背信用证Red clauseL/C红条款信用证Standby letter ofcredit 备用信用证Clean L/C光票信用证Reimbursing bank 偿付行Advising/opening bank 通知行/开证行Negotiating bank 议付彳亍Give commission on.....对…商品给佣金At a discount 打折In paymentof 支付In duplicate/triplicate 一式两份/三份Draw up a contract 起草合同draft a.. Have a contract ready forsignature 备好合同签字Sign(close,enter into) a contract 签订.. Execute a contract 履行合同U31・我们在平等互利的基础上与其他国家进行贸易。

外贸实务英语期末备考总结

外贸实务英语期末备考总结Firstly, I have learned about the process of exporting and importing goods. Exporting is the act of selling goods or services produced in one country to another country. Importing, on the other hand, is the act of buying goods or services from another country. The process of exporting and importing involves various steps, including market research, product selection, international contract negotiation, customs clearance, and transportation logistics. Throughout the semester, we have studied each of these steps in detail, which has provided me with a comprehensive understanding of how goods are traded internationally.Next, I have gained knowledge about international trade policies and regulations. International trade is governed by a complex set of laws and regulations at both the national and international levels. These regulations aim to promote fair trade practices, protect domestic industries, and ensure the safety and quality of traded goods. Some of the key regulations that we have studied include import and export licensing, customs duties, trade barriers, and trade agreements. Understanding these regulations is crucial for businesses to comply with the law and minimize trade risks.Moreover, I have learned about the various strategies used by businesses to expand their overseas markets. One such strategy is market entry modes, which refers to the ways in which companies enter foreign markets. There are several market entry modes, including exporting, licensing, franchising, joint ventures, and foreign direct investment. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages, and businesses need to carefully evaluate their options based on factors such as market characteristics, financial resources, and risk tolerance. Additionally, we have also learned about marketing strategies for international markets, including market segmentation, positioning, branding, and distribution. These strategies help businesses adapt to the unique characteristics of foreign markets and achieve competitive advantage.Throughout the semester, I have also gained practical skills in foreign trade practice. We have participated in various simulation exercises and case studies, where we have had the opportunity to apply our knowledge to real-world trade scenarios. These practical exercises have improved my problem-solving abilities, analytical skills, and decision-making capabilities. Additionally, I have also learned valuable communication skills, as foreign trade practice often involves negotiating with international partners, resolving conflicts, and building strong business relationships.In conclusion, the study of foreign trade practice has provided me with a comprehensive understanding of the processes, regulations, and strategies involved in international trade. I have gained knowledge about the process of exporting and importing goods, international trade policies and regulations, and the strategies used by businesses to expand their overseas markets. I have also developed practical skills in problem-solving, analytical thinking, and communication. Overall, I believe that the knowledge and skills I have gained in this subject will be valuable in my future career in international trade.。

英语专业外贸总复习

from foreign competition
Trade barriers and tariff policies
Tariff barriers
Tariffs are taxes on imported goods, charged by the government to protect domestic industries High tariffs can make imported goods more expensive, reducing their competitiveness
Logistics and Transportation Management
Logistics and transportation management is responsible for the timely delivery of goods between the seller and the buyer in international trade English major needs to understand the operation process of international logistics and transportation, including warehousing, packaging, transportation, insurance, etc
Foreign trade contracts and documents
Contract
In foreign trade, a contract is a legal document in which both parties reach an agreement, specifying the terms and conditions of the transaction.

国际航运英语函电期末复习材料

1. We would like to receive your specific enquiry at an early date.望能早日收到你方具体询价单。

2. Our company is ready at any time to give you any assistance.我公司随时准备给你们提供任何帮助。

3. The goods cannot be sold at a discount(at retail/ at wholesale/ at auction ).这些货物不能打折（零售/批发/拍卖）出售。

4. The goods are to be loaded at Shanghai or Tianjian at seller’s option.货物在上海港或天津港装载，由卖方决定。

5. At your request we send you under cover a quotation sheet showing our lowest price for cotton.应你方要求，我们随函附上棉花最低报价单。

1. take delivery of cargo 提货2. replenish bunkers 加燃油3. settle the account with you 与你方结账4.quote us your rate 向我方报价5.freight rate运费率6.shipping application/booking note 托运单7.scheduled sailing 航班8.be attributable to 归因于9.sailing schedule 航期10.additional cargo 加载货11.be subject to change on account of the situation of the shipping market 随行就市12.mail under separate cover 另函邮寄13.freight prepaid 预付运费——freight (to) collect 运费到付14.conference tariff 公会运价表15.sail to schedule 按期开航16.broken space 亏舱1. We shall have a consignment of 500 cases of bicycles for shipment from Shanghai to Bombay. Please quote us your freight rate including dockage, lighterage, discharging and other costs.兹有一批自行车货物500箱由上海装运到孟买，请给我们报价包括码头费，驳船费，卸货及其他费用在内的运费率。

外贸英语复习提纲

外贸英语复习提纲PARTIWe take pleasure in informing you that the captioned L/C / Letter ofcredit No.3524 issued by the Bank of New Wales has duly arrived/hasjust been received.We have received with thanks/pleasure your L/C No.451 for US$...Your L/C No.87 has been duly received with thanks.Thank you for your L/C No.2168 for theamount of $56,000 covering 1000 metric tons ofGroundnut Kernels F.A.Q 2005 crop.Thanks for your credit N0.12 covering 3,000 dozen pyjamas.PARTIIOn checking, we find some discrepancies. Please make the following amendments:Upon checking, we found some points that don’t conform to the terms in the S/C, and would therefore request you to make the following amendments:On examining the L/C carefully,/On going though the clauses, we regretfully find that serveral/certain points are not in conformity with the stipulations in our Contract No…. Please/ Kindly make amendments as follows:PART III…… should be….., instead of …….………is to be….., instead of …….……Should be …. rather than………………should be … not ………..should read “………”(quotation)是……. should be amended to “…………”…….. should be added to “…… ….”The amount both in figures and in words should respectively be/read: “$5000 and Say US Dollars five thousand Only”.Delete …… and replace them by ……Delete …... from …… and put in…Increase …… from …… to ……Reduce … to …Add the wording “………” to ……Add the clause “………………. ”Amend the clause “………” to read “………”Amen d …… to allow/as allowing ……Amend …… to read “……”Amend “CIF” to readAdd the clause“The Sellers are allowed to load 5% more or less based on the original unit price and to negotiate in excess of the credit amount.”Amend “ 90% of the invoice value” to re adAmend the clause “Partial shipments and transshipment are prohibited”to read “Partial shipments are allowed.Transshipment is prohibited.”to allow shipment / as allowing transshipment.PARTIVWe look forward to/are awaiting your early amendments.We look forward to receiving the relevant amendment at an early date and thank you in advance for your cooperation.We hope the L/C amendments will reach us as early as possible.As the stipulated time of shipment is drawing near, make therequested amendments to the L/C as soon as possible so that we can effect shipment in time.We hope you’ll send us your amendment advice without any delay so as to enable us to effect shipment in time.用……包装”be wrapped/packed in ……… 用……装, 每件装多少”in …… of …… eachin …… , each containing …. .in ……, each consisting of……Our cotton prints are packed in cases lined with 6-ply kraft paper and water proof/damp-resistant plastic sheets, each consisting of 30 pcs(50 yards per piece) in one design with 5 color ways equally assorted.Each pair of Nylon socks is packed in a decorative polybag , 12 pairs to a box, 50 boxes to a carton, 500 cartons in a 20’ FCL container.The green tea under the captioned contract should be packed in international standard tea boxes of 5 grams each , 24 box es to a carton, 50 cartons on a pallet, 20 pallets in an 40’FCL container.The quality of your Ginseng wine is fine, but its packing is rather poor. Bottles are subjected/susceptible to breakage and paper boxes are very thin. Please put each bottle in a foam plastic casing and then in a thicker paper box for future orders, otherwise , we shall be compelled to give up this business.Each TV-set is to be wrapped/packed in a plastic-film bag fixed with hard fermented plastic padding, and thenput in a carton. Outside, it is to be strengthened by nylon straps.reinforced/strengthened/secured 箍Barcode hangtag desiccantSilicon gelFor110% of the invoice cost.For/at 110% of the invoice value/costFor/at 10% over/above the invoice value.For/at invoice value plus 10%.①cover WPA/FPA/All Risks and War Risk with an insurance company.Insure WPA/FPA/against All Risks and against War Risk with an company.Free from particular averageWith particular average②cover/effect insurance FPA/WPA/against All Risks on the goods.③cover/ insure the goods FPA/WPA/ against All Risks“To be covered by ……for 110% of the invoicevalue against……as per and subject to ……”Insurance is to be covered by the Sellers for 110% of the invoice value WPA and against Breakage as per and subject to relevant Ocean Marine Cargo Clause of the China Insurance Clause of January 1st, 1981. {If other /broader/wider coverage or an additional insurance amount is required, the Buyers must have the consent of the sellers before shipment, and the additional/extra premium is to be borne by the Buyers.Revolving L/c non-negotiable sea waybillStand-by L/C in quadruplicate color assortmentoffer without engagement meet one’s commitmentsbook a repeat order documents of titleIssuing bank/opening/establishingAdvising/informing/notifying bankConfirming bank Draw a 60 days’draft on…Draw a 60 d/s bill on…Chambers of commerceChinese commercial counsellor’s 0ffice Enter into an agency agreementIn compliance with your request Arouse/evoke one’s interest Conclude/strike a bargainFinancial standingSharpen one’s competitive edgeTake the liberty of …Be lined with 内衬…By separate airmailBy express airmailIn this connectionEnquiry agencyFor safety’s sakebe specialized instraight B/Lproforma invoicein strict confidencefinancial and credit standingunder separate covercover note 暂保单offer without engagement contractual obligationbook a repeat orderin receipt ofreceive one’s attentioncover one’s requirementsout of stock particular /genereal average available from stock out of stockin your favor meet with great favorcompare favorably with on the understanding thatcommand a ready market in strict/full/exact conformity with see one’s way to draw on sb. for sth.in every respect draw a 60 days’ draft on … for …Blank Endorsement / bearer endorsementfull endorsement / order endorsementpartial shipments compromise proposalintegrity and ability 资信in consideration ofexpedite the relevant L/ceffect shipment illustrated/classified catalogueset forth a 60 d/s bill payment by installmentin question firm offer Outstanding order back orderrepeat order free sample Non-negotiable documents cash against delivery at your earliest conveniencerescind the contract refund the storage chargesin advance/in anticipation go through the necessary formalitiesthe deadline for booking shipping spaceby return airmail find a ready market forin question with the least possible delayfor one’s records/fileserve as a precedentpay by installmentsenjoy priority inat regular intervalscome into one’s possessionadhere to customary practiceillustrated cataloguepro-rata shipmentsa 60 d/s billConfirmed L/Cparticular averagefinancial standingbearer endorsementNon-negotiabledocumentsrepeat order形式发票截止时期舱位倒签提单贷记通知索款通知冒昧特快邮寄精湛的工艺适合海运的包装商务参赞处带插图的目录形式发票卸货港平安险装运单据即期汇票惯例成本运费价申请出口许可证中性包装共同海损资信状况特快邮寄循环信用证领事发票进口许可证支付条款截止时期海关发票保兑行形式发票销售确认书答应某人的要求支付款项提货在规定的时间内与---完全一致适中价格一式两份尽可能提前按照当时的兑换率仓至仓条款为自己的利益；自负盈亏按照相同的意思一式五份没有库存谢绝报盘仅供你参考以…为条件As a result of heavy/full commitments/bookings, we are unable to take new orders at present.Enclosed we send you __ indent__ of cotton goods for account of several of our clients.1. Contracts must be renewed one week ___d____ their expiration.A．on B．against C．the moment of D．before2. The commodities you offered are __b_______ line with the business scope of our clients.A．outside B．out of C．out D．without3.We are arranging for an inspection tour of ______c___ the material was processed.A．place B．the place C．where D．there4. We are reconsidering those trade terms ___b____ might be adverse to the interest of our principals. A．what B．thatC．when D．where5. Information indicates that some similar goods of Indian origin have been sold here ____b___ about30% lower than yours.A．with a level B．at something C．at quotation D．with a figure6. As we are _____b___ of these goods, please expedite shipment after receiving our L/C.A．in badly need B．badly in need C．urgent in needD．in urgently need be badly in need of7. We give you on the attached sheet full details regarding packing and marking, which must be strictly___a_____.A．observed B．abide by C．submitted D．seen8. We ______ to allow you a special discount if you increase your order to 5000 pairs.A．have prepared B．are prepare C．are prepared D．were prepared9. The importance of delivery on time ______ overstressed, because failure to receive goods or serviceswill cause serious inconvenience to the end–users.A．can B．be C．cannot be D．could be10.A Sales Confirmation should be counter-signed by ___d___.a. the Sellerb. both partiesc. the bankd. the buyer11.We wish to stress that shipment must be made within the prescribed time limit, as a further __c_____will not be considered by our end-users. ExtendA．prolong B．protract C．extension D．expansion12. With computer users linked to the Internet growing ____d_ every year, business is trying to cash in on the worldwide network.A．at million B．with a million C．with one millionD．by millions13. You can file a claim with the insurance company in your area, who will ________ the loss incurred.A. compensateB. compensate forC. compensate to youD. compensate you13. We regret having to remind you that 30% of the freight is still _c_____.A．owned B．owning C．outstanding D．understanding14. a you fulfill the terms of the L/C, we will accept the drafts drawn under this credit.A．Provided B．T o provide C．In the case D．Only if15. Kindly advise us of the steamers that call ____a__ your port every month.A．at B．on C．in D．for16.For goods concluded on FOB basis, freight for shipment from Shanghai to Hong Kong is to be ________ to buyer’s acc ount.A. borneB. paidC. changedD. charged10. If the annual volume of sales exceeds 1000 tons, an additional commission of 2% should be given to the agent forthe ___ amount..A.excessB. excessiveC. exceedD. exorbitant11. ________, we are airmailing you our latest quotation sheet for your consideration.A. As requestB. At requestC. At requestedD. As requested12. We are sorry for the trouble the printer has caused you, but we are confident that it can be fixed ________ your complete satisfaction.A. toB. withC. inD. for13. We hope the goods you ordered will arrive at the port of destination ________.A. in good conditionB. in good conditionsC. in a good conditionD. in the good condition14. We lodge a claim ________ you ________ the short-weight.A. with...onB. for...forC. with...forD. for...with15. ________ you don’t reduce your quotations, we shall haveto buy elsewhere.A. BeforeB. IfC. UnlessD. Provided16. If you reduce the price by 5%, we shall _____ order 2000 pcs.A.be able to B．can C．be in a position to D. be going to17. You may it from me that the thing we want to do is to disappoint a customer, particularly an old customer like you.A．take…last B.grant … most C.believe…best D. get …last18.Our payment terms are by_____, irrevocable letter of credit for the full invoice value.A.confirmed/doc/4912200123.html,bined/doc/4912200123.html,mitted/doc/4912200123.html,pleted19. Your failure to ___ our invoice within the stipulated time limit will cause us much inconvenience.A. drawB. withdrawC. honorD. dishonor20. Under the ____, it is impossible to decline our price again.A. circumstanceB. circumstancesC. caseD. cases21. Please see to _____ that goods should be delivered in 3 equal lots.A. usB. itC. the L/CD. them22. The L/C should be issued through a third country bank in America ______ the seller.A. available byB. available toC. acceptable byD. acceptable to23. We will that your interest is well taken care of at all times.A．ensure B．assure C．be assured D．be ensured24. During business, the party who makes payment based on the draft is called ______.A. drawerB. draweeC. beneficiaryD. applicant25. we will keep you ______ for any change in price or delivery.A. informB. to informC. informingD. informed26. The clocks you required are out of stock now, we have put your items on ______order.A. trialB. delayC. backD. repeat27. We require the goods be delivered in two equal ______ bydirect steamer.A. weightsB. sizesC. colorsD. lots28. The letter of credit in our ______ is advised by Bank of China, Zhejiang Branch.A. paymentB. desireC. favorD. choice29. Our best quality products will find a ready ______ in your area.A. marketB. orderC. customerD. consignment30. We feel confident that your orders will be ______ smoothly.A. doneB. executedC. madeD. affected16. It should be ___c____ if you could immediately ______ what quantity you can supply us at present.A．thankful, advise B．appreciate, advise C．appreciated, advise D．appreciating , inform17. We thank you for your e-mail of November 25 _______ your purchase of 10 M/T wild rice.A．confirm B．confirming C．to confirm D. confirmed18 Subject to satisfactory arrangements ______ terms andconditions, we should be pleased to act asyour sole agent.A．as B．as per C．as if D．as to19. Our usual terms of payment are ____ L/C and we hope they will be satisfactory ____ you.A．by, for B．by, to C．for, to D．for, withSth be satisfactory to sbSb be satisfied with sth27.We understand the goods can be supplied __c__ stock.a. outb. inc. fromd. out from28.We confirm ___b___ accepted your counter proposal yesterday.a. haveb. havingc. to haved. has been29.Forwarding agent services are valuable in foreign trade because of the complicated_ _____that haveto be made.a. arrangementsb. formalitiesc. proceduresd. process30. We will ______ you as soon as the new crop comes to the market.a. contact withb. contactc. contact tod. get contact31. No discount will be granted ____ you place an order for more than 1000 dozen. A. if B. unlessC. whetherD. but for32. When ______ the contract, please include the arbitration clause.A. draftB. draftingC. to draftD. drafted33. We have received news ______ that the wool market on your side is showing signs of recovery.A. to an effectB. to this effectC. to that effectD. to the effect that34. Please open your L/C immediately to facilitate __________. Facilitate one’s doing sth.A. our shipping arrangementB. for shipmentC. to arrange shipmentD. us to arrange shipment35. _______ an order for 100 pieces or more, we allow a special discount of 5% for payment by L/C.A. AtB. InC. OnD. From36. If you can improve your price by 3%, we shall be prepared to ____ 5,000 metric tons.A. book with youB. book your orderC. be in the marketD. place a order with you37. We suggest that you _______ our representative in Beijing for your requirements.A. will contactB. contactingC. contact withD. contact38. ____a___ crowded orders, we have sold out all the goods scheduled for shipment within this year.A. As a result ofB. In result ofC. With the result ofD. As result of39. Under no circumstances, ______ goods on their own account. In no casesA. the middlemen will buyB. will the middlemen buyC. the middlemen would buyD. will buy the middlemen40. This agreement shall be cancelled in case the second party fails to sell _____the agreed quantitywithin six months.A. up toB. toC. atD. with3. ________ will be highly appreciated if you will send us a brochure.A. WeB. YouC. ItD. Which51. The goods under L/C No. 1234 left here ________.A.in a good conditionB. in good conditionsC. in good conditionD. in the good condition52. Please see to it that such an _____ does not occur again.A.mistakeB. negligenceC. oversightD. carelessness53. Our clients asked us to bring down our prices because they consider them ______.A. on the high sideB. out of line withC. are running highD. be too high4. Please effect shipment immediately as L/C will ________ on July 31.A. validB. firmC. dueD. expire5. Your order No. 123 was confirmed by our fax of September15 subject to ________ of your credit within15 days from the date.A. arrivalB. reachingC. arriveD. reach6. We are now ________ your inquiry of October 12.A. on receiptB. on receipt ofC. in receiptD. in receipt of7. Our new low cost solutions may be ________ particular interest to you.A. inB. ofC. withD. for8. Drafts drawn in compliance with the terms of credit shall be duly ________ on presentation and paid at maturity.A. honoredB. dishonoredC. discountedD. declined9. Please ________ the shipment date of your L/C to October15 and validity to October 30.A. amendB. extendC. establishD. expand54. In case you can make a reduction __c___ 5% _____ yourprice, we may strike the deal with you.A. of, ofB. by, byC. of, inD. for, for55. If business had been carried out to our satisfaction, we __c____ to renew the Agency Agreement.A. had agreedB. already agreedC. shall agreeD. should have agreed56. ___b__ appreciating your order, we must point out that our prices have already been cut to a minimum.A. HowB. WhileC. Since we areD. Anyway57. We could manage to arrange the shipment in August, subject to your L/C _____ us not later thanJuly 15.A. reachesB. being reachedC. reachingD. reach58. We are sorry to find that the damage ______ the goods was caused by heavy rain during transportation.A. onB. forC. aboutD. to59. Not until this morning ___c___ your L/C, We can _______ make shipment as stipulated in the contract.A. we receive, notB. we have received, neverC. did we receive, hardlyD. had we received, certainly60. ____d_____ we would like to assist you, we do not think there is room for a reduction in our price.A. EvenB. AsC. MuchD. Much as61.Please note that Items Nos. 1-10 can be certainly promised for immediate shipment ______ receiptof the order.A. ofB. byC. atD. upon20. The S/C stipulates _______ shipment during April/May, while your L/C calls _c___ shipment inApril.A. of…onB. on…onC. for…forD. On21.The cartons lined _a____ plastic sheets that are proof _____ dampness and easy to handle.A. with…againstB. by…against c. in… for D. at…of22.Arrangements can be made for one of our representatives to make the trip to china and contact youroffice _b_ person.A. byB. inC. fromD. with23. If the first shipment __b____, we guarantee that we will send you many repeat orders.A．will prove satisfactory B．proves satisfactoryC．turns out a satisfaction D．turns out to be satisfied24. It is necessary that an arbitration clause ____c___ in the contract.A．will be included B．must be included C．be includedD．has been included25. Please see to it that your written confirmation _____ by the end of this month; otherwise we willbe free from the obligation for his offer.A．reaches us B．will reach us C．reach us D. reached us26.We would ____c__ very much if you would pass the letter on to the person responsible for the matter.a. appreciate youb. thank youc. appreciate itd. be appreciated62.The letter we received yesterday is an inquiry _________ discountA. forB. withC.ofD. about63.We give you on the attached sheet full details regarding packing and marking, which must be strictly _______.A. observedB. abide byC. submittedD. seen64.The current Internet hype has ______ with business; rather, it is more related with the development of technology.A. anything doB. anything to doC. nothing to do withD. nothing do to65.Good harvest this year has made it possible for us to supply walnuts ______ last year’s price.A. atB. inC. againstD. on66.The term FOB should be followed by _______.A. port of shipmentB. port of originC. port of loadingD. port of destination67.The discount of 5% agreed on was granted only _________ no balance was outstanding from previous accounts..A. on conditionB. on condition thatC. on thatD. depends on68.Export Credit can be called “Seller’s Credit”_______ the credit is extended by the bank to the export.A. whileB. whenC. whichD. even if69.The commodities you required are _______ line with the business scope of our clients.A. outsideB. out ofC. outD. without70.It was found upon examination that nearly 15% of the packages ________, which was obviously attributed to improper packing.A. had been brokenB. wasC. been already brokenD. broken71.________ the growing needs of the fast developing market at your end, we are considering ______a representative office in your city.A. To meet, set upB. To meet, establishingC. Thinking, settingD. Thinking of, to establish72.We regret having to remind you that 20% of the freight is still _______.A. ownedB. owningC. understandingD. outstanding73.The sugar was dispatched by rail two weeks ago from Ningbo and _______ you by now.A. should have reachedB. should reachC. have reachedD. shall reach74.We enclose our invoice amounting to US$ 5,500 ________ the first consignment per S.S. Shanhe.A. payingB. coveringC. includingD. composing75.We are making you an offer for leather shoes ________.A. as followB. as followingC. as followsD. following as76.It will be appreciated if you could ________ the L/C for another 15 days.A. extendB. expressC. developD. permit77.Your L/C calls for an insurance amount for 130% of the invoice value. _______ we would request you to amend the insurance clause.A. The case being itB. The case is like thisC. Such being the caseD. Such is the case78.We confirm ________ accepted your counter proposal yesterday.A. haveB. havingC. to haveD. has been79.In accordance with our agreement, we have ________at 30days’sight for the amount of the enclosed invoice.A. drawn on youB. written to youC. called on youD. dispatched to you80.For consignment sales, we usually allow our agents a commission of 10% on gross _______ and receive accounts of sales with payments from them at the end of each three-month period.A. moneyB. valueC. proceedsD. overheads81.In connection with your invitation for Bid No. 0345/04CH dated May 30,2006, the _______ would like to participate in the bid for the supply of Equipment Item No. 0202 and _______ the Qualifications Documents as required.A. undersign, submitB. undersigning, submittingC. undersigned, submitD. undersigned, submitted82.Since the purchase is made ______ the FOB basis, you areto ship the goods to Liverpool by a steamer to be designated ______ us.A. on, byB. for, forC. on, forD. for, to83.We apologize for the underpayment of US$ 1350 on your Invoice No. 567. This was ______ a misreading of the amount _______.A. due to, dueB. owing to, owingC. due, owedD. owing to, due to84.When you ________ an agent, the appointment is usually _______ in writing.A. need, metB. want, takeC. appoint, madeD. require, make85.Please cover insurance _____ the goods with PICC ______ 110% of the invoice value _______ All risks and War risk.A. in, about, forB. on, for, againstC. for, for, onD. for, at, againstLearn from sb about/of sth.has the advantage over… in…place an order with sb for sthorder sth from sb.Call/draw/invite/bring one’s attention to …Meet with on e’s attentionThere is a ready market/demand for…Be of + noun good qualitySth be of special interest to sb.Inquire of about sth.Make inquiry of sb about/concerning sth.Port of call call at a portBe disposed to do sth.By the first steamer availableAvailable from stockIn full/exact/strict accordance withAttached hereto be …For your information/referenceFor your consideration/study/perusalBe lined with 内衬be suitable for …Please see to it that …Compensate sb for sth.Damage to the goodsAmendment to the L/Cbehind the time limit as set forth in S/Cin order 就绪妥当in one’s favoropen an L/C in one’s favor with …to the extent of …by return mailto acquaint sb. With sth.the goods under contract/order NO.235for one’ account to be borne by sb.Upon presentation of …to…from…AgainstLodge a claim against sb. for… on…Raise/file/register/put inTo the amount of …For the amount of …Draw a 30 d/s draft on sb for… against …Dear sirs,Your L/C NO.9714 has been duly received with thanks. However, we must point out that it has some discrepancies. Please amend the L/C as follows:1.The amount of both in figures and in words shou ld read “USD$ 30000(Say US Dollars thirtythousand only)”instead of “JPY30000(Japanese Yen thirty thousand only)”2.Insurance should be covered by the buyers as the transaction is on CFR basis.3.Delete the clause “bankers expenses for beneficiary’s account”4.A dd the clause “the sellers are allowed to load 5% more or less based on the original unit priceand to negotiate in excess of the credit amount”.we look forward to your early fax L/C amendments.Faithfully yours,Dear sir,We are very pleased to receive your L/C NO.LST123 against our S/C No.567B. But after checking it, we regret tofind that it contains some discrepancies. Therefore, we hope that you will instruct your bank to amend it as follows:1.the applicant of the L/C s hould be London Foodstuffs Imp. Co. Ltd, while t he beneficiary shouldbe South imp.& exp. Guangzhou.2.please amend the L/C to allow partial shipment.3.the draft is to be drawn for 100% of the invoice value, not for 90%.4.as the transaction is concluded on the basis of CIF London, the B/L s hould be marked with “freightprepaid ” or “freight Prepaid ” rather than “Freight to collect”.5.because the goods are shipped in bulk, please delete the packing list clause.6.the insurance company will cover WPA and War Risk instead of “All Risk and war risk”.7.as the exporter is south imp. Co.Ltd., the inspection certificate should be issued by Guangzhoucommodity inspection bureau rather than“London commodity inspection bureau”8.the commission agreed upon for this transaction is 3%, not 5%.9.The currency used in this transaction is British Pounds instead of US Dollars.10.the L/C will be valid in China instead of “in London”.Please let us have the amendments advice so that we can effect shipment within the stipulated time.Yours fatithfully.。

国贸考试复习.doc

国贸考试复习远期付款交单(Documents against Payment at sight, D/P at sight)o 装运货物后，卖方开具的远期汇票连同全套单据委托银行向买方提示，由买方承兑在汇票到期日付清货款后才能从代收行取得全套单据，而到期前汇票和单据仍保留在代收行。

贸易术语也被称为价格术语(PriceTerms),是在长期的国际贸易实践中产生的, 用来表示成交价格的构成和交货条件，确定买卖双方风险、责任、费用划分等问题的专门用语。

(表示商品的价格构成因素作为买卖双方签约时避免产生纠纷的依据)推定全损(Constructive Total Loss)是指被保险货物在海运途中遭遇风险后，实际全损虽没有达到但已不可避免，为了避免发生实际全损所需支付的费用(包括施救和救助的费用)以及继续运送货物至目的港的费用之和将超过保险价值(需经保险人核定)共同海损(General Average)是指载货船舶在航行途中遭遇自然灾害或意外事故, 并威胁到船舶与货物的共同安全时，船方为了解除这种威胁使航行得以继续，有意识的采取了合理的施救措施而造成的特殊牺牲或支付的额外费用。

汇票是指由出票人(往往是收款人)向受票人(往往是付款人)签发的，要求见票时(即期)或在指定日期向出票人或其他指定人或持票人无条件支付确定金额的书面指令。

品质公差(Quality Tolerance)是指工业品生产中，由于科学技术水平、生产水平及加工能力所限而产生的国际上被同行业公认的差异。

信用证全称是跟单信用证(Documentary Letter of Credit),是由银行开具的一种书面的有条件的付款承诺，是凭银行信用进行结算的方式。

它以银行作为保证，只要卖方按信用证的要求装运，就可以从银行得到货款，而同时也保证了买方将得到所期望的单据。

公量(ConditionedWeight)是指用科学方法出去其所含水分，然后再加上国际公认的标准含水量，按此方法求出的重量，称为公量。

外贸函电期末复习

外贸函电期末复习Unit oneVocabularyFavorable 有利的，赞成的，良好的Order 订单Shipment 装运，装货上船Phrases and expressionsRefer to 提到，谈到，查阅In accordance with 依照，与...一致Price list 价格单，价目表Sales terms and conditions 销售条款At on’e request 按某人要求From stock 供现货As an exceotional case 破例*additional cost 额外费用Draw up 起草，草拟Finalize a deal 达成交易Due to arrive 预计到达Put forward 提出In answer/reply 兹复As a rule 作为惯例Reference expressions1. We have just introduced our new computer to the market, and enclosing sales promotional literature to gicve you full detail.我们已经把我们的新电脑引向市场了，并且将促销说明文字作为附件供您作详细参考。

2. Would you kindly send us your qutation for spring and summer clothing that you could supply to us by the end of January next?可以请您接下来在一月底前慷慨地邮寄给我们你能提供的春夏季服装的报价单吗？3. We hope you agree that our prices are very competitive for these good quality clothes, and look forward to receieveing your intital order.我方希望贵方能同意我们的价格对那些高质量的衣服来说是很有竞争力的，并期待得到你方的首次订单。

国际贸易实务(英文版)复习资料)

国际贸易实务英文版复习资料编者—刘鸿明Chapter 1一、词汇流动性过剩excess liquidity自给自足self-sufficient经济资源economic resources直接投资direct investment国际收支balance of payments易货交易barter出口退税export tax rebate倾销dumping出口型经济增长export-driven economic growth东道国host country贸易差额balance of trade贸易顺差／贸易逆差favorable ／unfavorable balance of trade欧盟European Union国际收支顺差／国际收支逆差favorable ／unfavorable balance of payments有形贸易visible trade无形贸易invisible trade货物贸易trade in goods服务贸易trade in services二、词语填空1.Export goods are tangible goods sent out of countries.2.Trade in services are international earnings other than those derived from the exporting and importing of tangible goods．3.Import goods are tangible goods brought in.4.International trade is all business transactions that involve two or more countries.5.FDI is one that gives the investor a controlling interest in a foreign company.6.Investment is used primarily as financial means for a company to earn more money on its money with relative safety.一、词汇关税壁垒tariff barriers非关税壁垒non-tariff barriers从量税specific duties配额quota保护性关税protective tariff市场失灵market failure幼稚产业infant industry许可证制度licensing system财政关税revenue tariff政府采购government procurement 贸易保护主义trade protectionism 从价税Ad valorem Duties最低限价floor price本地采购规则“buy local”rules 增加内需raise domestic demand Domestic content 国内含量Red-tape barriers 进口环节壁垒Export subsidies 出口补贴Binding quota 绑定配额Absolute quotas 绝对配额VER 自愿出口限制Tariff-rate quotas 关税配额Zero quota 零配额“Buy local”rules本地采购原则一、词汇APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operationFTAAP Free Trade Agreement of Asia and the PacificEU European UnionNAFTA North American Free Trade AgreementMERCOSUR Mercado Comun del Cono Sur /Southern Common Market ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian NationsEFTA European Free Trade AreaAFTA ASEAN Free Trade AreaPTAs Preferential Trade agreementsTrade bloc 贸易集团Trade block 贸易禁运/封锁Open regionalism 开放式区域主义Free trade area 自由贸易区Customs union 关税联盟Common market 共同市场Economic union 经济联盟Trade embargoes 贸易禁运Boycotts 抵制歧视性关税discriminatory tariffs经济制裁economic sanction贸易弹性trade elasticity双边贸易协定bilateral trade agreements多边贸易协定multilateral trade agreements最惠国most favored nation一、词汇GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and TradeHOD Heads of DelegationsTRIPs Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights GATS General Agreement on Trade in ServicesTRIMs Trade Related Investment MeasuresMFN Most Favored Nations最惠国Patronage nations受惠国Favored nations缔约国Contracting Parties市场准入market access透明度transparency紧急进口措施Urgent Importing Measures争端解决机制dispute settlement mechanism可持续发展sustainable development特许经营franchise一、词汇FOB 班轮条件FOB liner term清关customs clearanceFOB 吊钩下交货FOB Under Tackle平舱trim多式联运multimodal transport船舷shipboard内陆水运marine navigation on inland waterway理舱stow卸货费discharge expense投保cover insuranceCFR 卸至岸上（含着陆费）CFR Landed班轮liner单据买卖documentary salesCFR 舱底交货CFR Ex-ship’s HoldCFR 班轮条件CFR liner terms象征性交货symbolic delivery二、词语填空1.Under CFR, buyer should effect insurance.2.Under CIF Ex-Ship’s Hold, buyer should pay the discharge charges.3.Under CIF, the insured amount should be US＄22000 if the contracted price is US＄20000.4.Under CIP, seller has to procure insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to thegoods during the carriage.5.The FAS term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.6.The DAT term requires the seller to proceed with the customs clearance for imports andpayment of all customs duty.7.Under DDP, the seller must pay the costs of customs duties as well as all duties, taxes andother official charges payable upon exportation and importation of the goods.8.Under DAP the seller fulfills his obligation as the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyeron the arriving means of transport at the named place of destination, ready for unloading.三、翻译1.The price quoted includes 5％commission on FOB basis.该报价为FOB 的价格并含5％的佣金。

Tradeprotectionism贸易保护主义

外贸英语期末复习资料A．词汇翻译Trade protectionism 贸易保护主义Fair trade 互惠贸易Agency 代理Distribution 经销FOB Stowed FOB含理仓费FOB Liner Terms FOB班轮条件Nude packing 裸装Neutral packing 中性包装Mode of transportation 运输方式Liner 班轮Insurance broker 保险经纪人Underwriters 保险商Increase 上升Decline 下降Issuance 提示Acceptance 承兑支付方式term of payment支付工具instrument of payment承保人insurer被保险人insured选择港optional port选港费optional charges品名name of commodity商品描述Description of commodity原样original sample国际贸易international trade世界贸易world trade总代理人general agent代理协议agency agreement单价unit price总值total amountB．选择填空1. ______ is the reason why international trade first began.a. Uneven distribution of resourcesb. Patterns of demandc. Economic benefitsd. Comparative advantages2. Which is not correct about the trade form of agency?a. An agent does not need to carry stock.b. Generally speaking, agents are usually paid by commission.c. An agent acts as a middleman between the principal and the customer.d. An agent can operate out of the marketing area authorized by the principal._a______ refers to an exchange of services or assets between countries.a. Invisible tradeb. V isible tradec. International traded. Balance of tradeWhich is not correct about the trade form of agency? _____da.An agent does not need to carry stock.b.Generally speaking, agents are usually paid by commission.c.An agent acts as a middleman between the principal and the customer.d.An agent can operate out of the marketing area authorized by the principal.Who has the exclusive right of selling the goods in a marketing area at the price he fixes? _____b a. Consignor b. Exclusive distributor c. Exclusive agent d. BidderUnder_____d___, the seller minimizes his obligations while the buyer obtains the goods at the lowest possible price.a. FOBb. DDPc. DESd. EXWWhen the seller pays for the goods to be placed alongside the vessel at the named port of shipment, the term is ______________ba. DEQb. FASc. FOBd. EXWThe sample made by the seller according to the buyer’s, and then sent to and confirmed by the buyer is called _______da. duplicate sampleb. returning samplec. original sampled. counter sample_____a___ are usually sold by sale by trade mark or brand name.a. Manufactured goods with steady quality b Raw materialsc. Machine and instrumentd. Goods with special shape___d___ transport is a major mode of transport in terms of capacity, only second to sea transport.a. Roadb. Airc. Containerd. Rail____b___ transport has a high distributive ability of offering a door-to-door service.a. Airb. Roadc. Sead. inland waterway_____c__ is the practice of sharing among many persons risks that would otherwise be suffered by only a few.a. Tradeb. Transportationc. Insuranced. DescriptionIn the marine cargo insurance practice, general average is ______a___a. a kind of partial lossb. a kind of total lossc. partial loss or total loss decided by the timed. constructive total lossTotal cost of exporting includes _____d___.a. production costb. sales pricec. production cost and all charge before exporting.d. production cost, allcharge and taxes before exporting.Which one is the best expression of unit price for international trade? ___c___a. CIF LONDON US$1010/MTb. CIF LONDON $1010.00/MTc.CIF LONDON US$1010.00/MTd. CIF LONDON $1010.00/TONWhich one of the following is not the means of remittance? _____a____a. L/Gb. M/Tc. T/Td. D/DT/T means ____b_____a. mail transferb. telegraphic transferc. demand draftd. letter of creditC．判断正误International trade is only the exchange of goods between nations. FCountries trade with each other partly because there is a cost advantage. TAn agent needs to carry stock as a distributor does. FThere is no contractual relationship between the principal and the customers under trade form of agency. FAll international business transactions are done under Inco terms 2000. FTrade terms can be called price terms because they stand for the price component. TDifferent commodities have different qualities, but the same commodity must have the same quality. FA term for defining one particular degree of quality in one country may have quite a different meaning in another country. TSea transport is the most important mode of transport in international trade now. TThe freight of liners is relatively fixed, while the freight of tramps is mainly determined by the market. TCargo transport insurance is to protect the interests of traders from any possible financial losses. FThe premium charged for the insurance policy is calculated according to the risks involved. TBoth money of account and money of payment must be stipulated in the contract clearly. FThe fluctuations of exchange rates may influence the interests of both exporter and importer. TRemittance involves four parties together. TAn L/C is a conditional bank undertaking of payment, and refers to banker’s credit. TD．翻译International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. It is also known as world trade, foreign trade or overseas trade.国际贸易即国与国之间商品和服务的交换。

外贸函电复习提纲

EstablishingBusiness Relations句型1信息来源: 我们从………处得知………通过………..我们了解到………1、We learn your company from the Internet that you are one of the leading manufacturers in this line.我们从网上了解到贵公司是这一行业的主要生产商之一。

2、We owe your name and address from the Journal of Commerce.我们从《商业日报》得知贵公司的名称和地址。

3、Having had /obtained the name and address of your company from ABC trading Company ,we know that you deal in textiles.通过ABC贸易公司的介绍，我们得知贵公司的名称和地址，并获悉你方经营纺织品。

•承蒙贵国商会的介绍，我们得知贵公司想要购买丝绸制品。

•We owe your name and address to the Chamber of Commerce in your country who has informed us that you are in the market for silk product.•承蒙贵国商会的介绍，我们得知贵公司想要购买丝绸制品。

•We owe your name and address to the Chamber of Commerce in your country, through whom we learned that you are in the market for silk product.我们从中国企业名录获得的你方地址。

•We have obtained your address in the China Business Directory.•我们从这里的中国商会得知，贵方生产丝制产品。

外贸英语期末复习资料

Economics and ManagementThe Concept of UtilityThe concept of utility refers to the pleasure or satisfaction associated with having, using, consuming, or benefiting from goods or services.The sources and causes of utility are legion: better health, using, consuming, or benefiting from goods, esthetic beauty or design, ease of use, flavor and taste, durability, convenience, luxury, comfort, a sense of individuality, pleasure, prestige, status, pride, security, ego gratification, and power—to mention the most obvious.The influential factors of utility:1.The price of a good or service2.The quality of a good service3.The environmental factor4.Climate condition or living standard5.The culture tradition6.Local customs7.personalitiesDifferent persons may place on the utility of a good or service, the utility concept offers a purposeful basis for establishing consumer preferences for what and how much they will purchase because it leads to comparisons of the amounts of satisfaction received from different consumption rates of different goods and services.Intensity of satisfaction: a phrase used to describe how much the satisfaction is.Cardinal rankings: one of the two ways to measure utility. In this way, numerical values are assigned to represent utility.Ordinal rankings: one of two ways to measure utility. In this way, utility is measured without a specified unit. Ordinal rankings provide the order of preference without absolute scale of difference in preference.How Markets FunctionPerfect competition—many sellers of a standardized product. E.g. Agriculture market Monopolistic competition—many sellers of a differentiated product. E.g. Microsoft Oligopoly—few sellers of either a standardized or a differentiated product. E.g. TelecommunicationMonopoly—a single seller of a product for which there is no close substitute. E.g. Salt market Macroeconomics1.Total demand for domestic output is made up of four components:2.Consumption spending by households3.Investment spending by businesses or householdsernment ( federal, state, and local) purchases of goods and services5.Foreign demandTable 2-1 GNP and Components of Demand, 1982 (In Billions of Dollars)Personal consumption expenditures $1,991.9 64.8%Gross private domestic investment $414.5 13.5%Government purchases of goods and services $649.2 21.1%Net exports of goods and services $17.4 0.6%Gross national product $3,073.0 100%GDP: gross domestic productGNP: gross national productNNP: net national productIf we assume that government and investment spending had been the same, we might be tempted to say that GNP would have been $20 billion higher. That is correct if all the additional spending had fallen on our goods. The other extreme, however, is the case where all the additional spending falls on imports. In that event, consumption would be up $20 billion and net exports would be down $20 billion, with no net effect on GNP.Transfers: expenditures for which no goods and services are exchanged, including welfare payments, social security benefits, and unemployment compensation.Monetary policy is controlled by the Federal Reserve System (the Fed). The instruments of monetary policy are changes in the stock of money, changes in the interest rate—the discount rate—at which the Fed lends money to banks and some controls over the banking system. Fiscal policy the federal government (the Congress) influences general economic activity by changing the level of government spending or taxes.Trade cycle: regularly recurring periods of recession and recovery.Sampling:Sample: to draw data as an example to represent the population in a given research work so as to make inferences about population.In brief, the reasons for sampling are:Economy, Timeliness, Destruction of item, Infinite population, Accuracy.Hypothesis testing: one of the basic subdivisions of statistical inference, dealing with methods for testing hypotheses about population parameters.Null hypothesis (H0): the basic hypothesis H0 is generally referred to null hypothesis. Actually it is statement that specifies hypothesized values for one or more of the population parameters. Alternative hypothesis (H1):the opposite hypothesis of null hypothesis is designated the alternative hypothesis, or a statement that specifies that the population parameter is a value other than that specified in the null hypothesis.Irrespective of the wide variations that different persons may place on the utility of a good or service, the utility concept offers a purposeful basis for establishing consumer preferences for what and how much they will purchase because it leads to comparisons of the amounts of satisfaction received from different consumption rates of different goods and services.如果不考虑各种不同的情况（即不同的人对商品和服务有不同的看法），对于人们买什么或买多少，效用的概念给我们提供了一个有意义的根据来解释人们的这种偏爱，因为人们从不同的商品和服务的消费（量）中获得的满足感最终是通过效用来比较的。

外贸英文函电期末复习整理-15页文档资料

international business 国际商务economic integration经济一体化globalization of markets 市场全球化IMF 国际货币基金组织global financial system全球金融体系multinational company 跨国公司trade barrier 贸易壁垒GA TT 关税与贸易总协议market liberalization市场自由化emerging markets 新兴市场the globalization of capital资本全球化GNI国民总收入economic integration blocs经济一体化集团Coincide with 与......相符Foreign direct investment外国直接投资International portfolio investment国际证券投资Letter-head 信头Reference and date 编号与日期Inside name and address信内名称，地址Attention line 经办人Subject line 标题（事由）Complimentary close 结尾敬辞Carbon copy notation 抄送Identification line 辨认记号The second page第二页Trade with 经商，做买卖Trade in 经营（商品）deal indeal with 与...打交道,与...做生意,处理Commission house 提取佣金的商行Light industrial products 轻工产品State-operated corporation国营公司Joint venture 合资企业Deal exclusively in 独家经营Enjoy a high reputation享有很高的声誉Sister corporation 兄弟公司Supply sb. With sth.向某人供应某物Be assured of 使确信，使放心Get in touch with sb.与某人联系，接洽Do business with sb.与某人做贸易，成交Specific requirement 具体要求Through mutual efforts共同努力Equality and mutual benefit 平等互利In time 及时In turn 轮流地In short 总之Price list 价目单Cotton prints印花布Export terms 出口条款Fine in quality 质地优良Moderate in price 价格公道Novel in design 设计新颖Household electric appliance家用电器Energy-saving节能In order 妥当；整齐无误Make...to order 定做In good order 情况良好To one’s order以...为抬头，凭..指示Be subject to 以...为准By separate post 另邮Prompt shipment 即装Processing with supplied materials 来料加工Enquire for 询购某物Enquire about 打听某事Enquire into 调查Make sb an offer for 给某人报..的价格Sth be under offer 某商品在出售中The offer is firm for.....此报盘有效期为Make sb. an offer 向某人报盘Accept offer 接受报盘counter-offerRenew offer 恢复报盘还盘Decline offer 谢绝报盘Withdraw offer 撤销报盘Entertain offer 考虑报盘Non-firm offer 虚盘An offer without engagement 无约束性的报盘Wholesale price 批发价Gross price 毛价net price 净价Sell off 拍卖Sell out 卖完Repeat order 重复订购initial order初次订购Conditions of sales 销售条件A special allowance 特别折扣Subject to prior sale 以先售为条件Subject to change without notice 不经通知可以改变In cartons 装纸箱As per 按照Acknowledge receipt of 收到As a much lower price than 以比...低得多的价格Supply...from sock 供...现货Have...in stock 有...现货Out of stock 脱销With /in reference to... 关于For your reference 供你方参考Confirmed L/C 保兑信用证Commercial invoice 商业发票Make up 制作，准备Confirming bank 保兑行Confirming house 保付商行Shipping instructions 装船提示Agree on(upon)... 就...达成一致The rough handling 野蛮装卸Bill of exchange 汇票Promissory note 本票Demand draft（D/D) 票汇Telegraphic transfer(T/T）电汇Mail transfer（M/T）信汇Remitting/paying bank 汇出行/汇入行Collecting bank 托收银行Documents against payment 付款交单Documents against acceptance(D/A）承兑交单Commercial bill 商业汇票Banker’s bill 银行汇票Sight bill 即期汇票Time bill 远期汇票Irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证Unconfirmed L/C 非保兑信用证Non-transferable L/C 不可转让信用证Documentary L/C 跟单信用证Revolving L/C 循环信用证Reciprocal L/C 对开信用证Back to back L/C 对背信用证Red clause L/C 红条款信用证Standby letter of credit 备用信用证Clean L/C 光票信用证Reimbursing bank 偿付行Advising/opening bank 通知行/开证行Negotiating bank 议付行Give commission on.....对...商品给佣金At a discount 打折In payment of 支付In duplicate/triplicate一式两份/三份Draw up a contract 起草合同draft a..Have a contract ready for signature备好合同签字Sign(close,enter into) a contract 签订..Execute a contract 履行合同1.我们在平等互利的基础上与其他国家进行贸易。

外贸英文函电期末考试复习题及参考答案-专升本

外贸英⽂函电期末考试复习题及参考答案-专升本《外贸英⽂函电》复习题AⅠ.Fill in the following blanks with appropriate prepositions.1. The middleman receives a commission ______ 5%.2. To trade _____ the people of all countries _____ the basis of equality and mutual benefit is our established policy.3. Please make sure that the stipulations in the L/C are _____ exact accordance _____ the terms of the Sales Contract.4.Our foreign trade policy is based ______ equality and ______ our mutual benefit．5. We prefer payment by D/P ______ draft at 60-day's sight6. _____ view of the long-standing business relations _____ us , we wish to settles this dispute amicably．7._____ orders _____ 500 pieces or more , we give a special discount ____ 2%.8. Insurance will cover All Risks and War Risk for 10% _____ the total invoice value.9. We trust the mentioned shipment will reach you ______ sound condition．10. We are glad that in the past few years, ______ joint efforts, we have greatly promoted both business and friendship11. I'd like to direct your attention ______ the quality ______ the goods which is superior_____ that of other makes.12. We refer _____ your offer _____ 16th March.13.If you could make a reduction ___10% ______ quotation ,we have confidence___ securing large order ___ you.14.Thank you _____ your quotation _____ October 8th ___ 1000 pieces _____ the captioned goods.15. Please be assured _____ our attention _____ your order.16. _____ request of your previous letter, we enclose our Sales17. If you could make a reduction ____ 10% ___ quotation ,we have confidence ____ securing large orders ____ you.18. The letter of credit has been opened ____ your favor.19. Thank you ___ your quotation ____ October 8th ___ 1,000 pieces ____ captionedgoods.20. We offer you 300 cartons ____ candle ___ US$3 ____ carton _____ the usual terms. Ⅱ.Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D.1..An offer may be made in reply to ___or made voluntarily with a view to expanding business.A. bidB. counter-offerC. inquiryD. counter-counter-offer2.When the seller receives the buyer’s counter-offer, and he finds some terms and conditions unacceptable to him, he will state his own opinions in a letter, which is called as_____A. bidB. offerC. inquiryD. counter-counter-offer3. _____ refers to signing a document which has been signed by the counterpart.A. “Countersign”B. “Sign”C. “write”D. “rewrite”4.In order to start a concrete transaction between us , we take pleasure in making you a special offer , ___our final confirmation.A. under the conditionB. in respect toC. subject toD. with reference to5.If a new firm , or ____ a certain corporation of ours ,wishes to open up a market to sell something to or buy something from firms in foreign countries ,the person in charge must first of all find out____ he is going to deal with .A. rather…whomB. such…asC. such…thatD. as…whom6.An offer made by the buyer is usually called as _____.A. inquiryB. offerC. bidD. order7.____ is a promise to supply goods on the terms and conditions stated.A. An offerB.A bidC. An inquiryD.A reply8.An order is a request to supply a specified quantity of goods, which may result from ____or ___with subsequent quotations.A. an offer…a bidB. an offer…an inquiryB. C. a bid…a counter-offer D. a counter-offer…a counter-offer9.A contract is an agreement , enforceable by law,____ two parties mutually agree to carry out a trade ___after negotiation or exchanges of correspondence.。

外贸函电复习资料

外贸函电复习资料英译汉and汉译英5*3’Useful ExpressionsUnit 21.We learn from your letter of April 1 that you are interested in establishing business relations with us for the purchase of our tools.我们从你方4月1日的来信中获悉，你方有意向与我公司建立业务关系并购买我公司的工具。

2. Having had your name and address from the Commercial Counsellor ’s Office of our Embassy in the U.K., we avail ourselves of this opportunity to write to you and see if we can establish business relation with you.从我国驻英国大使馆商务处获知贵方行号和地址，我方借此机会写信给你们，以寻求是否有和你们建立业务关系的可能。

3. Through the courtesy of Mr.Freemen, we are given to understand that you are one of the leading importers of electric goods in your area and wish to enter into business relation with us.承蒙Freemen先生的好意，我方得知贵公司是贵地的主要电器产品进口商之一，并希望与我公司建立业务关系。

4.We have come to know the name of your corporation and have the pleasure of writing this letter to you in the hope of establishing business relation with you.我方已得知贵公司的行号，很荣幸可以写这封信给贵公司，希望能与你方建立业务关系。

外贸英语函电期末复习重点

一到九章及一些附加内容第一章Basic Knowledge of Business Letter Writing1.1 Structure 构成：a.Letterhead(信头)——发件人的信息（名称、电话、地址）b. Reference and date（发文编号和日期）c. Inside Name and Address(封内名称和地址)——收件人的信息d. attention line (注意事项)e. The Salutation(称呼)f. the Subject Line(事由标题)g. The Body of the Letter(信的正文)h. Complimentary Close(结尾敬语)i. The Signature(签名)j. enclosure (附件)k. carbon copy notation(抄送)l. postscript(附言)Courtesy 礼貌Conciseness 简洁Clearness 清晰第二章Establish Business Relations 建立贸易关系2.1 Structure第一部分说明信息来源Commercial Counselor office商务参赞处；Embassy 大使馆；Chamber of commerce 商会；第二部分说明写信目的+自我介绍leading importer 主要进口商/ one of the largest importers 最大的进口商之一deal with/ specialize in 专营competitive price 竞争价格/ enjoy great popularity 享有盛誉for your reference 供你方参考; fall(be) within the scope of 属于…的经营范围enter into business relations 建立贸易关系in the market for想要购买/in the hope of doing sth. 希望acquaint sb. with sth. 让某人了解某事/ Credit standing 商业信用第三部分要求寄送有关资料+表达合作愿望2.2 Sentences①We learned/ heard/obtained your company from the Internet that you are one of the leading manufactures in this line.我们从互联网上得知贵公司,你们是这方面领先的制造商之一。

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外贸英语期末复习资料（2012.12）Part I Translate the following English words into Chinese.1. bill of exchange2. sight draft3. irrevocable L/C4. penalty5. money of payment6. usance L/C7. terms of payment 8. promissory note9. trade surplus 10. negotiating bank11. quality tolerance 12. shipping advice13. insurance coverage 14. secret commission15. trade deficit 16. documentary collection17. counter sample 18. sea transport19. insurance certificate 20. money of accountPart II. Translate the following Chinese words into English1. 佣金2. 单价3. 承兑4. 贴现5. 受益人6. 商业发票7. 支票8. 进口许可证9. 背书10. 贸易壁垒11. 转手贸易12. 原样13. 分批装运14. 预约保险单15. 总值16. 汇票17. 承兑18. 运价19. 装箱单20. 汇率21. 委托人22. 品名23. 托运人24. 预约保单25. 单价26. 跟单托收27. 保兑28. 装卸时间29. 制单30. 开证行Part III Write down the full name of the following abbreviations and the translations.1. D/P2. M/T3. CIF4. D/A5. T/T6. MTOPart IV Decide whether the following statements are true or false by writing “T” for true and “F” for false in the bracket besides each statement.1. International trade is only the exchange of goods between nations.2. The distributor gains profits from the price difference at which he buys and resells the goods.3. In reality, the quantity of goods shipped must be exactly the same with that stipulated in the contract.4. Partial shipment means that the goods under one contract are shipped in different terms or by different lots.5. A unit price consists of four parts: currency unit, unit price figure, measuring unit and price terms.6. The buyer will inform the seller the opening of L/C and pass the L/C to the seller.7. Trade means countries can provide a wider variety of products for their consumers.8. No. 1-150 in the shipping mark means that there are 150 packages of goods and this package is the first one.9. Under CIF, cargo insurance is to be effected by the buyer.10. Generally speaking, more packing is required for containerized consignments.11. Transshipment may increase the cost of shipment and the possibility of delay in delivery of commodities.12. In international trade, if All Risks was covered, any loss caused by any reason on the way can be compensatedby insurance company.13. “USD200 per M/T CIFC2 London” means that the seller will receive 200 US dollars for per metric ton.14. Exchange rate fluctuations may create many problems for international trade.15. There is no contractual relationship between the principal and the customers under trade form of agent.16. Under FCA in Incoterms 2000, the risk of loss of or damage to the goods is transferred from the seller to thebuyer at the time the buyer accepts the goods.17. Different ways of measurement such as by weight, by length, by area, by volume and by capacity may be usedfor different products.18. If there is no direct sail to the destination, that “transshipment shall be allowed” shall be stipulated in thecontract.19. The additional coverage can be taken out separately.20. Commission and discount must be stipulated in the price clause in a contract.Part V Fill in the blanks with the best choice.1. Who has the exclusive right of selling the goods in a marketing area at the price he fixes? ___.a. Consignorb. Exclusive distributorc. Exclusive agentd. Bidder2. When the seller only pays freight for the goods up to arrival at the port of destination, the term is _____.a. FOBb. CFRc. DDUd. CIF3. Partial shipment may be necessary when ____.a. direct liners are not availableb. the amount of the cargo is very smallc. the shipping date is very closed. the export covers a large amount of goods4. The goods concluded on the CIF basis have been burnt because of the fire after being loaded, then ____.a. the loss is due to the sellerb. the seller asks the insurance company for compensationc. the buyer asks the insurance company for compensationd. the loss is due to the party who pays the freight5. In the following terms of settlement, which is the most risky one for the seller? ____.a. T/T in advanceb. D/Ac. D/P at sightd. D/P after sight6. When ____ happens, the party that fails to perform the contract is allowed to relieve liabilities of thenon-performance.a. warb. world market price goes upc. manufacture faultd. currency devaluation7.____ refers to an exchange of services or assets between countries.a. Invisible tradeb. Visible tradec. International traded. Balance of trade8. The most important document in documentary collection is ___.a. commercial invoiceb. certificate of originc. bill of exchange.d. certificate of inspection.9. When the seller pays for the goods to be loaded on board the ship, but does not pay the freight or insurance, theright term is _____.a. FOBb. FCAc. CFRd. CIF10. At present, which method do we always take to express quality when we export some handicrafts, clothing andlight industrial products? _____.a. Sale by sampleb. Sale by specificationc. Sale by graded. Sale by name of origin11. The operator who signs the multimodal transport documents is _____.a. only responsible for the first stage of the transportationb. must be responsible for the whole transportationc. is not responsible for transportationd. is only responsible for the last stage of the transportation12. Exporting clothes are soaked heavily because of the ship hitting the submerged reef in the sea, if the cost dealtwith and sent to the destination is more than the value insured, then the loss can be regarded as __________a. general averageb. actual total lossc. constructive total lossd. particular average13. Which one of the following quotations is wrong?a. FOB QINGDAO USD10.00/PCb. CIF LIVERPOOL GBP125.00/MTc. FOB SHANGHAI $15.25/PCd. FOB JINAN USD2.00/KG14. Invisible trade consists of the following except for ___________.a. transportation services across national bordersb. foreign tourist expensesc. insurance services across national bordersd. product exchange across national borders15. The transfer of marine cargo insurance contract means that _______.a. the insured transfers his rights and obligations in the S/C to another personb. the ownership of the goods transfers as insurance contract is transferredc. insurable interests are transferredd. the articles insured are transferred16. _________ may be used for various modes of transport.a. FCA CPT CIPb. FCA FOB EXWc. FCA FAS CIFd. FCA CFR CPT17. In international trade the goods that is demanded on special shape or the characteristics of color and tasteshould be sold__________.a. by sampleb. by specificationc. by graded. by name of origin18. Which of the following is right about the stipulation of the port of shipment and the port of destination clausesin the international trade contract?________.a. To stipulate two ports roughlyb. Only one port of shipment and one port of destination can be stipulated in the contractc. To stipulate two ports of shipment or two ports of destinationd. More than one port is contracted to be port of loading or more than one port is contracted to be port ofdestination in case it is difficult to decide19. Basic coverage of marine cargo insurance under CIC includes the following except for________a. FPAb. War Riskc. WPAd. All Risks20. If the unit price clause is stipulated as “USD 200 per metric ton CIF London less 3% discount”. Then the priceis called a/an _________.a. net priceb. commission-included pricec. discount-included priced. discount-excluded pricePart VI. Translate the following English sentences into Chinese or Chinese sentences into English1.FOB means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship’s rail nominated by the buyer at the namedport of shipment.2.Total amount, as its name suggests, is the sum of the money for one business transaction. It equals to the unitprice multiplied by the quantity of the goods.3.Generally speaking, the L/C should arrive to the seller at least 15 days before the time of shipment to allowsufficient time to check and amend, if necessary, the L/C and to arrange shipment.4.Trade terms, also called price terms or delivery terms, are an important part of a unit price in international trade,standing for specific responsibilities and obligations of both the buyer and the seller.5.Under a FOB, CFR or CIF contract, port of shipment is usually proposed by the exporter and is stipulated inthe contract when confirmed by the importer.6. A unit price consists of four parts, which are currency unit, unit price figure measuring unit and price terms.7.The insured amount is the highest compensation amount undertaken by the insurer, and it is also the foundationfor calculating the insurance premium.8.Hence, the “C”-terms are different from all other terms because they contain two“key”points, one indicatingthe point to which the seller is bound to arrange and bear the costs of carriage and another one for the allocation of risk.9.Generally speaking, the L/C should arrive to the seller at least 15 days before the time of shipment to allowsufficient time to check and amend, if necessary the L/C and to arrange shipment.10.在CIF术语下，除了CFR条件下的义务外，卖方还必须办理海洋运输保险。