高考英语语法专题复习--名词
高考英语语法之名词性从句
1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语、宾 语、表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语、状语。 3.名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当， 这个句子就叫名词性从句。 4.名词性从句的种类： 根据名词性从句在句子中所充当的不同成分， 名词性从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表 语从句和同位语从句。
2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed.
(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)
宾语从句
在复合句中作主句的宾语.引导 词有连词that (that 常可省 略),whether,if; 代词有who, whose,what ,which
表语从句
在复合句中作主句的表语. 引导词有连词that (that 不可 省),whether; 代词有who, what ,which;
副词 when ,where, how, why
等.
The problem is that we didn’t get in touch with him.
This is how Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.
(4).It is not yet decided which cash crop will be produced next year. (5).Whatever he said was right.
(6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6 o’clock.
透析高考英语语法专题—名词(精)
3.以o结尾的名词变复数无规律可言，但中学阶段以o结尾变复数加es的单词可概括为“两人两菜”：Negro黑人；hero英雄；tomato番茄；potato马铃薯。其他加s。
4.以f/fe结尾的名词变复数也无规律可言，但中学阶段以f/fe结尾变复数改f/fe为v加es的单词可概括为“贼(thief)的妻子(wife)头戴树叶(leave)用架子(shelf)上的半(half)把小刀(knife)结束了一只狼(wolf)的生命(life)”。其他加s。
翻译下列句子
1. I'd like a coffee.
2. Travelling on that lonely island was a terrible experience.
结论：
不可数名词前一般不能用不定冠词，但在物质名词个体化或抽象名词具体化的情况下，可以使用。
如a coffee意为“一杯咖啡”，此时coffee变成个体名词；“He is a failure as a writer.”中的a failure意为“失败者”，此时failure具体化，由抽象名词变为个体名词。
写出下列各组词的复数形式
（一）
class__________match__________box__________ brush__________
（二）
play__________ story___________
（三）
tomato__________ potato__________zoo __________hero __________
指出画线部分单词的含义
1. Healthy diet should includevegetables.
高考英语语法分类专题--名词
.高考英语语法分类专题名词名词的单复数1）不可数名词不可数名词没有复数形式，如果需要表示多少，通常要用“a+表示数量的词+of+名词”来表示。
通常抽象名词和物质名词都是不可数名词。
同时，不可数名词之间的意义区别是名词的重要考点。
常见的不可数名词有：①物质名词：ice，coffee，soup，grass，cloth，clothing，iron，food,bread等。
②抽象名词：thought, success, advice，knowledge, experience，courage，fun，childhood等。
以-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾2）可数名词复数的变化①规则变化②不规则变化passers by, sons-in-law, policemen,lookerson, grown ups2.名词的复数类指与冠词复数可数名词表示泛指，前面一般不加冠词，如果加冠词则表示特指或事物的类别。
—Could you tell me the way to Johnsons，please?—Sorry，we don’t have Johnson here in the village.A.the；theB.the；aC./；theD.the；/解析：选B。
前面“the+姓氏的复数”指一家人或夫妇两个；后面表示“一个姓……的人”，为泛指概念，因此姓氏的前面加不定冠词a。
3.名词在特殊情况下的复数使用有些名词在使用时总是用其复数形式，如：thanks, clothes，congratulations，goods，works，shoes，trousers 等。
有些短语也要求用名词复数形式：make preparations for 为……做准备take pains to do sth. 努力做某事make both ends meet 收支平衡ke ep ties with 同……保持联系be in high spirits 兴致勃勃;情绪很高do/make repairs 进行修理二、名词所有格1.对于有生命的名词，其单数的所有格一般在名词后面加“’s”，如：the boy s bag 这个男孩的书包，而以s结尾的人名或复数名词后直接加“’”，如:Teachers’Day 教师节，Charles’home查理的家。
2020届高考一轮复习英语语法专项十四：名词
2020届高考一轮复习语法专项十四：名词（一）考纲要求名词应掌握以下内容：分清名词的可数性与不可数性；可数名词有单复数，有些名词只有复数；物质名词、抽象名词不可数但可以具体量化使用；名词所有格和of格的语言现象；名词直接作定语；国家名词的正确使用；名词词义的区分和搭配；单位名词的搭配；名词前的修饰语so, as, quite等；time及常考点。
（二）命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。
不可数名词前不能与不定冠词连用，之后不能加-s。
有些抽象名词却有复数形式，但意义与原来词不同。
有些可数名词复数有两个意思，一个与单数意义相同，另一个和单数含义不同，高考中这些含义很可能成为考查的内容。
词语的固定搭配及名词作定语也是高考命题的注意点。
（三）知识概要英语的名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
专有名词是指个人、团体、地方、机构或事物等所专有的名称，它的第一个字母必须大写。
如：Einstain, Beijing, Asia等。
普通名词是指一类人、一类事物、某种物质抽象概念的名称，可分为：个体名词（可数，如：worker, father, book, tree, school等）；集体名词（可数，如：people, family, cl ass, team等）；物质名词（不可数，如：iron, paper, snow, water, chalk, gold等）；抽象名词（不可数，如：life, thought, idea, strength等）。
注意：可数、不可数是英文名词和中文名词的一个重要差异——即学习的重点。
而很多英语名词具有双重性。
即，名词的类别不是固定不变的，它们会根据词义的变化和场合的不同而相互转换，其名词类别的转换可归纳如下：1、个体名词转抽象名词或抽象名词转个体名词e.g. Our school is not far from my home.（个体）我们学校离我家不远。
School is over at six.（抽象）六点钟放学。
高考英语复习专题(共15个专题)
语法复习专题一-—名词一、考点聚焦1。
可数名词单、复数变化形式(1）规则变化.①单数名词词尾直接加—s。
如：boy — boys, pen — pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。
如：glass — glasses，box — boxes， watch — watches, brush — brushes.特例：stomach - stomaches.③以“辅音字母 + y"结尾的变“y”为“i"再加“-es”.如:baby - babies， lady - ladies， fly — flies.④以“o"结尾的多数加-es。
如：tomato —tomatoes，potato —potatoes， hero - heroes。
但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o 结尾的词只加—s。
如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos， photo - photos，piano - pianos， kilo — kilos， tobacco - tobaccos.⑤以“f”或“fe"结尾的名词复数形式变“f"或“fe”为“v",之后再加-es。
如:wife - wives， life - lives, knife — knives， wolf— wolves， self — selves, leaf - leaves等.特例:handkerchief— handkerchiefs， roof - roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs， belief — beliefs, cliff —cliffs。
⑥改变元音字母的.如：man - men, mouse — mice， foot — feet，woman — women, tooth — teeth， goose - geese， ox — oxen.特例：child - children。
高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题突破 专题一 名词、数词、形容词、副词
8.(2017·浙江卷)Sixteen years earlier (early),Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.When she wanted to put the ring back on later,it was gone.
may be affordable but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even higher (high) cost on your health.
7.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷)Even worse (bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
7.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __c_au_s_e_s___ (cause). 8.(2018·浙江卷)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
◆名词之间的转换 9.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)My name is Mireya Mayor.I’m a who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
形容词 副词 名词高考英语语法复习专题
[自主归纳]
考向 1 名词单复数 2 词性转换 3 名词的所有格
_____1______ ___2_,_3_,5_____ ____4_______
名词-形容词、动词、名词
[考点提炼]
1.名词复数
（1）普通名词在词尾-s 例如：river→rivers
（2）词尾是-s，-x，-ch，-sh时，一般加-es； 例如：bus→buses watch→watches
person--personal science--scientific harm--harmful adventure--adventurous desire--desirable convenience--convenient friend--friendly
[解题规则]
1.首先要分析该空的句子成分, 再确定词性和词形,如果作表语/定语/宾
method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effe62cts
roof proof chief →直接加s um--a : medium bacterium on--a ：criterion phenomenon o后加es: hero tomato potato 其他以o结尾加s 某国人：--s German Indian American Canadian
percent of total 67 global (globe) fertili析句子成分后若发现词性不需要改变，则一般考查所给名词的 复数形式，当确定所填词是可数名词时，需要考虑其单复数问题 。除了根据上下文语境之外，还可以通过以下信息判断：
(1)有 these，those，several，many，all，both 等词修饰时,用复数形式
高考英语 高考语法全集之--名词
高考英语 高考语法全集之--名词一．名词的定义名词是人、动物、事物、地方、状态、品质或动作的名称。
它可表具体的和抽象的东西。
下面划线单词都是名词：John is my friend ．My children love their teachers ．（人） The dog is running after a rat ．（动物） The meeting was a great success. （事物）This school is good ．Broadway is a street in New York City ．（地方） My pencil is lost ．The window of this house is pretty ．（东西） Poverty is a big problem ．Everyone seeks happiness ．（状态） His bravery is well-known ．I enjoy the beauty of this garden ．（品质） His arrival was on Sunday ．His judgment is not correct ．（动作） 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两个大类:指具体人物、地点、机构、组织、团体、国家或地区的专用名称。
是一类人、一类东西、一个抽象概念等的共有名称。
按语法特征它又可分为个和不可数名词之分：表示作为个体而存在的人或事物的名词。
②集体名词：表示若干个人或事物总体的名词。
若强调整体也可作单数用。
如：family 家庭class 班,阶层army 军队 council 委员会 staff 工作人员team 队 public 公众 jury 陪审团generation 一代人 club 俱乐部 government 政府 crowd 人群 group 组police 警察 press 新闻界 board 董事会 people 人们 youth 年轻人 majority 大多数 population 人口 party 群，队，组 personnel 全体人员 committee 委员会 audience 观众；听众crew 全体船员/机组人员等。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解15---名词性从句(解析版)
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题十专题十五五 名词性从名词性从句句名词性从句的句法功能相当于名词词组，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
因此名词性从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
类别功 能 引 导 词 从属连词只起连接作用，不充当句子成分 that, whether, if 连接代词 起连接作用，并充当主语、宾语、表语或定语 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever, whichever,whoever连接副词 起连接作用，并充当从句状语when, where, how, why 一、主语从句的易错点主语从句的一般结构主语从句＋谓语动词＋其他 How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious.it 作形式 主语时的主语从句 It+be/becomes/became+形容词／名词／过去分词＋主语从句 It is still a question whether she will come or not. It became clear that Mary did make a mistake. It seems/ appears/ happens 等动词＋that 从句 It seems strange that he should have done a thing like that. It happens that he can understand a little about thelanguage. It remains to be+过去分词＋主语从句It remains to be seen who will be the victor in the contest.It doesn't matter +how/whether 从句 It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.It doesn't matter much whether we go together orseparately.用来表示惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，主语从句谓语动词用（should) do 形式 It is necessary /important / natural /strange 等＋that 从句It is necessary that one(should)obey the law.It is suggested /requested /proposed/desired 等＋that 从句It is suggested that you (should) attend the openingceremony.二、宾语从句的易错点动词后的宾语从句主语＋及物动词＋宾语从句I know that he is an honest boy.Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei.They asked what Jean was doing now.Do you know who has won Red.Alert game?feel, think, find, consider, make等，常用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置I find it important that.we should keep calm in danger.You may think it strange that he would live there.I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.like, dislike, love, hate, enjoy,appreciate等不能直接跟宾语从句，必须用it作形式宾语，后接宾语从句I like it that everyone passed the exam.I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.think, believe, suppose, 等词后的宾语从句若是否定的，否定词要转移到主句的谓语动词上I don't think your answers are right.I don't believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?介词后的宾语从句介词后可接宾语从句，但连接词whether 不可换作ifHe often thinks of how he can make his class lively.She worries about whether she's really good enough.非谓语动词之后的宾语从句不定式、v.-ing形式、过去分词后也可以接宾语从句I'd just tried to do what I could for you.I suggest eating what is fresh.宾语从句中的时态主句谓语动词为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际情况而定Do you know when the ancient games began?主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的时态一般用适当的过去时态He asked me if I was reading the textbook when he wasin.当宾语从句为客观真理和规律时，则用一般现在时He said that light travels faster than sound.whether与if 引导宾语从句的区别与 or not 连用时，只用 whether I want to know whether or not the train goes to KingStreet.＂whether+不定式”结构作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句；if无此用法I don't know whether to go there.介词后面的宾语从句中只用whetherI'm not interested in whether he has a lot of money.if引导的条件句中，如果再有表示“是否”的引导词引导宾语从句时，只用 whetherHe asked me whether I'd move to Beijing if I got the job.doubt 在肯定句中，接whether 和if引导的宾语从句；但在否定句中，只用 thatWe don't doubt that he is a brave man.I doubt whether/if Jack could manage a sailing boat.三、表语从句的易错点表语从句常位于连系动词be, look, remain, seem等之后，其连接词还有as if/though,because等主语＋系动词＋表语从句The trouble is that we are short of money.He looked just as he had looked ten years before. The question is whether they will be able to help us. The problem is who we can get to replace her.I think it is because you are doing too much.The question is which of us should go.because 引导表语从句强调原因，why引导表语从句强调结果It's because you're careless.That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.the reason why 从句＋be + that 从句The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.what 从句＋be+that从句What comforted the young mother was that the babycame to life.It looks/seems as if/though 从句It looks as if it is going to rain.At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.主句主语是advice, demand, suggestion, order，requirement, idea, request，command等时，表语My advice is that you(should)quit smoking.从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用（should)do 形式My suggestion is that we(should)start early tomorrow. Our only request is that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.四、名词性从句其他易错点that与what 在名词性从句中的区别what 充当成分，意为...的事物不可省略；that 不作任何成分，只起连接作用，也无实际意义，有时可以省略I only knew(that)he was studying in a western country,butI didn't know what country he was in.What you need is more practice.That you will win the medal seems unlikely.名词性从句已有疑问引导词时，不再用thatI don't understand what you said just now.(understand 后不再用 that)2021高考英语语法高考英语语法【【名词性从句名词性从句】】易错点对点训练30题I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空1.Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.2.She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.3.The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.4.As natural architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.5.If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.【答案详解】1.whoever解析：句意：每年，无论谁做出最漂亮的风筝都将会在风筝节获奖。
高考英语语法专题专题名词
1．2017·全国卷Ⅱ;69This development was only possible with the ________ introduce of electric-powered engines and lifts.答案：introduction 由空格前的定冠词the可知其后应接名词作介词with的宾语..2．2017·全国卷Ⅲ;66She is determined to carry on with her ________ educate.答案：education 形容词性物主代词通常在名词前作定语..由此可知her后面的空格处应为名词education..3．2017·浙江高考;56 Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ________ carrot and was about to throw them away.答案：carrots 由空格前面的修饰语a handful of “一把……；少量的”可知后面的名词carrot应用复数形式carrots..4．2016·全国卷Ⅱ;46Recent ________study show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.答案：studies 根据句子谓语动词show可知;主语应该是名词的复数形式..5．2016·全国卷Ⅰ;61Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires; Asia's biggest building; and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me; pandas are its top ________ attract.答案：attraction 根据空格前的形容词top可知应用名词;形容词常用作定语来修饰名词..6．2016·全国卷Ⅱ;42Handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ achieve.答案：achievement 介词of后要用名词作宾语..a sense ofachievement “成就感”..7．2016·全国卷Ⅰ;69The nursery team switches him every few ________ day with his sister.答案：days few修饰可数名词复数;故答案为days..every few days “每隔几天”..8．2016·江苏高考;阅读CThe weather ________effect; both good and bad; are felt in many places.答案：effects 句子的谓语为are felt;由此可知句子的主语也应该是复数形式effects..9．2016·北京高考;阅读DThe college years are supposed to be a time for important ________grow in autonomy 自主性and the development of adult identity.答案：growth 形容词important用来修饰名词；根据句子结构 ... and the development ... 可知此处应填名词growth和后面的development构成并列..10．2015·浙江高考;15One of the most effective ways to reduce ________ stressful is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.答案：stress 动词reduce后需用名词作宾语;stress “压力;紧张”;是不可数名词..句意：减压的最有效方法之一是和你信任的人谈论感受..一、可数名词的数可数名词都有单数和复数之分..一名词复数的规则变化二名词复数的不规则变化二、不可数名词不可数名词包括专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词;一般没有单复数之分..1．常考的不可数名词2．抽象名词具体化抽象名词在表示具体的概念时;可以与不定冠词连用;常见的和常考的有：3．物质名词的复数现象1有些物质名词用复数形式表示与原来不同的事物..paper纸—papers证件;论文custom风俗习惯—customs海关arm胳膊—arms武器;装备air空气—airs摆架子;装腔作势2有一些物质名词用复数形式;表示由大量该物质组成的事物..sand沙子—sands沙滩;沙漠water水—waters水域;水体time时间—times时代wood木头;木材—woods树林3有些物质名词用复数形式表示不同的种类;如food; wine;metal; fish; vegetable等..The wines of France are among the best in the world.三、名词的所有格1．有生命的名词;其所有格一般在名词后加-'s..his father's boss 他爸爸的老板2．表示时间、城市、地域、团体、机构等非生命的事物后也可加-'s 表示其所有格..today's paper 今天的报纸England's shore 英国的海岸the car's design 这辆车的设计We accepted the invitation without a moment's hesitation.3．在某些习惯用语中;也需要加-'s所有格..for friendship's sake 为了友情at a stone's throw 一箭之远at one's finger's tip 手头上有at arm's length 保持距离；在伸手可及处at one's wits' end 黔驴技穷4．无生命的名词;借用of表示所属关系..the window of the room 这个房间的窗户5．如果一样东西为两个人共有;则只在后一个名词后加-'s;如果不是共有的则两个名词后都要加-'s..Jane and Mary's mother 简和玛丽的妈妈共有;暗示简和玛丽是姐妹关系Jane's and Mary's mothers 简的妈妈和玛丽的妈妈不是共有;分别指两位妈妈6．双重所有格：“a/two/some ...＋名词＋of＋名词's/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格;“of＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示人;不能表示事物..a friend of her mother's 她妈妈的一个朋友two photos of hers 她的两张照片Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Although these _______ measure are not effective forever; they are vital for now.答案：measures 根据前面的指示代词these和谓语动词are可以判断;主语应用复数形式measures..2．Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see; and often taste a wide variety of ________ apple.答案：apples a wide variety of “各种各样的”;修饰复数名词..句意：在苹果节人们可以看到;并常常能尝到各种各样的苹果..3．The __________ life of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.答案：lives 句子的谓语动词have finally been recorded是复数形式;由此可以判断出此处需要用名词复数形式作句子的主语..4．It's still a useful and pleasant form of ________communicate.答案：communication 介词of之后要用名词; a form ofcommunication “一种沟通方式”..5. I had no ________ choose but to prepare for it; though.答案：choice 形容词no后面应跟名词..have no choice but to do sth. “除了……别无选择”;固定搭配..6．Some schools will have to make ________adjust in agreement with the national soccer reform.答案：adjustments 句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应;一些学校将做出调整..make adjustments是固定表达;意为“做出调整”..7．There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some ________ think and then let me know.答案：thought 句意：现在没必要告诉我你的答案..认真考虑;然后告诉我..some后应跟名词;t hought “思索;考虑”..8．Only a few dollars can help to fill a ________ child hungry stomach.答案：child's 此处表示“仅仅几美元就能帮助一个孩子不挨饿”;空后是名词stomach;提示词是child;空前是不定冠词a;故用child的所有格形式..9．When he was running after his brother; the boy lost his ________ balanced and had a bad fall.答案：balance 句意：小男孩在追赶哥哥时失去了平衡;重重地摔了一跤..根据空格前的动词lost和物主代词his可知需用名词作宾语..lose one's balance “失去平衡”..10．—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one—That's a good ________ suggest.答案：suggestion 句意：——如果你的钱不够买一辆新车;为什么不先买一辆二手车呢——这是个好建议..由常识可知形容词修饰名词;故good后应用suggest的名词形式suggestion..Ⅱ.单句改错1．“Reading for pleasure” plays a more important role in one's grow than one's family background._____________________________________________________答案：grow→growth考查词性转换..由后文的one's family background可知前面的one's后应是名词growth..2. As a witness; he gave the police a vivid descriptions of the accident._____________________________________________________答案：descriptions→description考查名词..description “描述;描写”;give sb. a description为固定短语;意为“向某人作描述”..3．You can't legally take possessions of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed._____________________________________________________答案：possessions→possession考查固定短语..take possession of “拥有;占有”;固定搭配..4. The students with hobbies left school with many extra skill.____________________________________________________答案：skill→skills考查名词的数..由many修饰可数名词复数可知应用skills..5．Several friends of me together with me will visit our headmaster.____________________________________________________答案：第一个me→mine考查双重所有格..此处表示“我的几个朋友”;应用“n.＋of＋名词性物主代词”结构..Ⅲ.语法填空I've dreamed of becoming a writer since I was a teenager. But it isn't easy to get a book of __1__ I published. Although I've tried hard; none of my __2__ book have been published. This is really __3__ upset．This morning; I received a call from a publisher and __4__tell once again that there was no way my book would be published. __5__ feel sad; I left home and went to the park near my apartment. At the park; I sat down on the bench near the grass.While I was sitting there; I saw a little boy about one and a half years old. He was running on the grass; __6__ his mother not far behind him. He looked so happy when he enjoyed the__7__ free of running on the grass. He then fell on the grass; but he quickly got up and continued to run as fast __8__he could again even without looking back at his mother. He was still running with a smile on his face; as if nothing__9__ happen．Seeing that; I was __10__true inspired. I suddenly realized that Ishouldn't get discouraged after experiencing failure. Instead;I should cheer up and keep on trying.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________9．________ 10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文..文章主要讲述了作者在公园里看到一个一岁半左右的男孩在草地上摔倒后并没有向妈妈求助而是自己迅速爬起来继续奔跑这一情景;从而受到启发：人生遇到挫折不能气馁;而是要振作起来;继续努力奋斗..1．mine 考查双重所有格..由设空前的“a book of”可知;应填名词性物主代词;且此处表示“我的一本书”;故填mine..2．books 考查名词的数..根据主谓一致原则;none of后可接不可数名词;也可接可数名词复数形式;book为可数名词;故应填books..3．upsetting 考查词性转换..副词really修饰形容词;this指的是上句中所述没有一本书被发表这件事;由此可知此处应用形容词upsetting作表语..4．was told 考查动词的语态和时态..句意：我被再一次告知我的书不可能出版..句子的主语I与谓语是被动关系;因此需用被动语态;且由“this morning”可知;应用一般过去时的被动语态..5．Feeling 考查非谓语动词..feel sad的逻辑主语是句子的主语I;是主动关系;因此需用现在分词的一般式作状语;表示原因..Feeling sad相当于As I felt sad..6．with 考查介词..with的复合结构作伴随状语..7．freedom 考查词性转换..根据空格前的定冠词the以及空格后的介词短语of running on the grass可知应用名词;即在草地上奔跑的自由..8．as 考查连词..as fast as he could “尽可能快地”;as ... as 为固定结构..9．had happened 考查动词的时态..句意：摔倒之后他飞快地爬起来;依然面带笑容地奔跑着;好像什么事也没有发生似的..根据语境可知;as if引导的方式状语从句所表示的内容是对过去的情况的假设;因此需用虚拟语气..10．truly 考查词性转换..句意：看到此情此景;我真的受到启发..副词作状语修饰谓语动词was inspired..Ⅳ.短文改错Dear Peter;I'm glad to give you some advices on how to learn Chinese well. Here is a few suggestions.First; it is important to take a Chinese course; so in this wayyou can learn from teachers and practice with your fellow students. Then; it also helped to watch TV and read books; newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever it possible. Besides; it is good ideato learn and sing Chinese songs; because by doing so you'll learnand rememberChinese words more easier. You can also make more Chinese friends; from which you will learn a lot about China. They can helpyou learning Chinese; too. We hope that my suggestions will beof help to you.Best wishes.Yours;Li Hua 答案：Dear Peter;I'm glad to give you some 错误! on how to learn Chinese well. Here 错误! a few suggestions.First; it is important to take a Chinese course; 错误! in this way you can learn from teachers and practice with your fellow students. Then; it also 错误! to watch TV and read books; newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever 错误! it 错误! possible. Besides; it is 错误! good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs; because by doing so you'll learn and remember Chinese words more 错误!. You can also make more Chinese friends; from 错误!you will learn a lot about China. They can help you 错误! Chinese; too. 错误! hope that my suggestions will be of help to you.Best wishes.Yours;LiHua1.advices→advice考查不可数名词..advice是不可数名词;没有复数形式..2.is→are考查主谓一致..主语suggestions是复数形式;谓语动词也应该用复数..3.so→because考查连词..后一分句表示的“能够向老师学习和同学之间练习汉语”是原因;而非结果..4.helped→helps考查动词的时态..本句进一步描述报读一门汉语课程的好处;应用一般现在时..5.去掉whenever后的it或在it后加is 考查省略..whenever it is possible的省略形式为whenever possible..6.good idea前加a 考查名词的数..idea是可数名词..7.easier→easily考查副词..修饰谓语动词learn and remember应用副词..8.which→whom考查关系代词..定语从句的先行词Chinese friends 是指人的名词短语;且关系词在从句中作宾语;故关系代词应用whom..9.learning→learn考查非谓语动词..help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”..10.We→I考查人称代词..根据短文开头I'm glad to give you some ... 可知;应将We改为I..。
高考英语语法专题复习讲义-名词性从句
高中语法精讲—名词性从句了解这样的从句前，我们先回忆下英语中常见的句子成分：主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语（再念叨一遍：理解英语中的句子成分对于长难句的理解是很有用的，阅读能力会进步飞快）那么问题来了：这些句子成分中，哪些可能是名词呢？换句话说，名词能做哪些成分呢？主语，宾语，表语和同位语是名词最中意的位置啦！如果把名词改为句子，那不就是从句了吗？有名词性功能的句子我们就给个高大上的名字——名词性从句：包括主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句来看个句子：Playing football is interesting.这里动名词做主语。
那按刚才说的，名词改为句子：That we play football together is interesting.that 引导的从句that we play football together在句子中是整个作了主语，所以这句就是主语从句一、名词性从句1、名词性从句中的易错点（1）that的用法。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’t have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。
如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understandwineEveryone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。
高考英语专题语法训练——名词
♦名词、形容词和副词在语法填空中的考查在语法填空中，对于名词的考查主要涉及可数名词的复数、名词的所有格以及词形变换；形容词和副词相关的词形变换以及形容词和副词的比较等级考查较为频繁。
【应对策略】1.首先要弄清名词的数与格，即名词是否该用复数，是否要用所有格；其次，注意有关名词 的构词法，即有关名词的词形变换。
2.作表语(系动词之后卜定语(修饰名词)或宾语补足语(表性质状态)时，通常用形容词形式。
注意常考动词分词的形容词化，其形容词的形式有：-ing 结尾白^和-ed 结尾的两种。
3.若括号中所给的是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较等级或最高级；注意 than 或比较级的 修饰词等标志性词或上下文中暗含的比较；其次还要注意一些特殊句式， 如：the +比较级…,the+比较级…，"否定词(can' t/couldn' t)+比较级”表示最高级等。
♦名词、形容词和副词在短文改错中的考查短文改错中对于名词的考查最可能考查名词的数与格；其次名词的考查还会涉及词形变 换方面的错误。
对于形容词和副词的考查主要涉及词性混乱或错用 (含-ed 形容词与-ing 形容词之间的误用卜修饰词错用或多余以及比较等级的误用等方面。
【应对策略】1.遇到名词首先注意区分它是可数名词还是不可数名词；其次还可以根据名词前的修饰语或 谓语动词的单复数来判断。
此外，还要注意名词的所有格以及名词的句法功能，判断是否存 在词性转换方面的错误。
2 .对于形容词和副词的考查，注意以下几点： (1)作定语、表语、补语，用形容词；(2)作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、全句，用副词；(3)注意比较级与最高级的比较对象或范围；单音节形容词的比较级前，不可再加 more;(4)注意 many, much, (a) few , (a) little; very, so, (n)ever, hardly 等修饰词的用法。
语法专题第二部分词法篇一名词、形容词和副词专题1名词专题2形容词和副词专题1名词・重温图考吠-经岁1问察考向------------------------------------------------------------------- 1v ------------考向1名词的数与格1.单句语法填空I.This trend , which was started by the medical community（医学界）as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects（effect） such as overweight and heart disease - the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. （2017 全国I ）解析side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects o2.In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds（crowd） on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.（2017 全国n ）- 解析crowd是可数名词，且前面没有限定词，故应用复数形式。
①高三复习：语法专题(名词和代词)
高三英语精编复习资料：语法专题（名词和代词）名词：历年高考英语对名词的考查：一、名词词义辨析：1.对固定搭配中的名词的考查此部分主要考查名词与形容词、动词或介词的搭配。
搭配问题比较复杂, 有时是依据语法搭配, 有时又是依据习惯搭配。
由于没有任何规律可言, 语境的辅助作用又比较有限, 因此备考中应强调日常积累与总结归类。
例1：Don't leave matches or cigarettes on the table within______ of little children.A.handB.reachC.spaceD.distance例2：This is not a match. We're playing chess just for______.A.habitB.customC.funD.game2.依据语境选择合适的名词此部分主要考查多义词在特定的上下文语境中的意义选择, 它要求考生既能掌握名词近义词之间的细微区别, 又要能够充分挖掘语境的内在要求, 这是名词考查的最难部分。
例3：lt can't be a（n）______that four jewelry stores were robbed one night.A.coincidenceB.accidentC.incidentD.chance例4：－l'm sorry l stepped outside for a smoke. l was very tired.－There is no______ for this while you are on duty.A.reasonB.excuseC.causeD.explanation二、可数名词、不可数名词及它们之间的转化。
高考对此点的考查主要集中在两个方面：一是考查名词的可数与不可数；二是抽象名词与普通名词的转化。
１.对名词可数、不可数的考查例５：He gained his________ by printing______ of famous writers.A.wealthB.wealths; worksC.wealths; workD.wealth; works２.抽象名词与普通名词的转化例６：When you finish reading the book, you will have______ better understanding of______life.A.a; theB.the; aC.不填; theD.a;不填例7：One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain_______ good knowledge of basic word formation.A.不填B.theC.aD.one三、名词作定语名词作定语时, 通常用单数形式。
2023年高考英语专题复习(1)：名词
famous writers. 4. Theo woman doctors would be sent to
1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠词） 2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。（由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。）
（1）可数名词的复数形式
b）不规则变化 ⑧woman, man作定语 woman, man作定语时，要与被修饰的名词的数一致。 e.g.: a man servant—men servants, a woman doctor—women doctors
b）不规则变化 ⑨不同国家的人的单复数
名称
总称(谓语用复数)
animals such as apes and monkeys.
专题要点：
名词在高考中占有重要地位，从历年的高考中可以看出， 各省市试卷几乎都涉及到对名词的考查。涉及的内容主要有： 抽象名词具体化、名词的可数与不可数问题、名词作定语、 名词所有格、名词词义辨析以及常见名词的固定搭配等。此 外，还涉及很多冠词与名词共同考查的问题。冠词与名词有 三种表现形式：即定冠词与单数可数名词可表示类指；不定 冠词与单数可数名词也可表示类指；零冠词与可数名词的复 数表示类指。
（1）可数名词的复数形式
a）规则变化 ①．一般情况加s e.g.: computers, students ②．以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的名词加es (-th后加s) e.g.: bosses, boxes, bushes, matches， tips: stomachs ③．辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es; “元音字母+y”结尾的名词，词尾+s e.g.: countries, centuries; toy—toys, boys, days ④．以f/fe结尾的名词，变f/fe为ves e.g.: knives, halves, leaves, wives, thieves, lives, selves, wolves, halves…（小偷（thief） 之妻（wife）生活（life）难，自己（self）扫叶（leaf）来做饭。忽见一狼（wolf）躲架 （shelf）后，取刀（knife）把它劈两半（half）.）
高考英语语法---名词
高考英语语法点拨（3）——名词
一、规律方法
1．考查立意较低，主要考查的是名语的一些最基本的用法。
但是，题目的设置注重了情景化和句子结构复杂化，加大了考生对题干句的理解难度。
2．题目选项内容或设问的角度呈现出多样化趋势，不仅仅是名词间的互相干扰。
二、命题趋势
不容置疑，高考将继续加强对名词的考查，试题的特征将继续呈现出“情景化”和“设问以及内容角度的多样化”的趋势，比如，名词在词汇和语法，中英文标志匹配题，完型填空，翻译和应用文写作试题中都有不同程度的涉及，但总的难度将会有所控制。
三、突破方法
1．名词的用法是一个系统性、综合性很强的语言点，切不可记住几个条条框框就去乱套。
真正领悟名词的用法要具备以下基础知识：
①具有句子结构的基本知识，要分得清简单句与复合句，陈述句、疑问句、感叹句与祈使句。
②具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。
③具有扎实而丰富的名词知识，要注意名词的分类和特殊用法。
一些最基础最常用的名词应当烂熟于胸，考纲要求的词汇必须了解并掌握。
2．理解分析名词的语法功能，重点掌握名词的分类，单复数形式及其规则和不规则变化，其他特殊用法，名词的所有格用法和名词在句子中的语法成分。
3．解答考查名词的题目时，一定要保持头脑冷静。
一般要遵循以下解题思路：
①解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能（如主语、表语、定语、宾语或补语）；
②根据上下文找准相关名词在所设题目中的含义；
③搜索其他信息，确定名词的恰当形式；
④将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务，达到考核目标。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习词性知识讲解(名词+数词+连词)
高考英语语法复习
词性知识讲解
一、名词
（一）名词的数
（1）有些物质名词表示个体概念时常可数。
Wind风-a wind一阵风
（2）抽象名词表示具体事物时为可数名词。
Beauty美人
（3）专有名词有时可用作可数名词。
How I wish to be a Newton!我多么想成为牛顿式的人啊！
（二）名词的所有格
of前面是picture、photo、portrait等名词时，用of所有格与双重所有格表示的意义有所不同。
-a photo of my brother（照片中的人就是我哥哥）
-a photo of my brother’s（我哥哥拥有这张照片）
（三）名词作定语与所有格作定语的区别
名词作定语一般用其单数形式，但有些则以复数名词作定语。
A stone bridge
A meeting room
A clothes shop
A sports car
二、数词
（一）时间和编号的表达法
（二）小数、分数和百分数的表达法
（三）数词的句法功能
三、连词
（一）并列连词
（二）引导状语从句的从属连词
That you will win the medal seems unlikely.
It is doubtful whether the patient will survive the operation.。
高考英语语法名词归纳总结
高考英语语法名词归纳总结一、单项选择名词1．He made an _______ to me for losing my book.A．apology B．ambition C．appearance D．alarm【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意：他为弄丢了我的书而向我道歉。
A. apology道歉；B. ambition抱负；C. appearance出现；D. alarm警报。
根据“for losing my book”可知，此处表示“向我道歉”，故A项正确。
2．On November 11, Alibaba sold more than 210 billion yuan ___________ goods on its e-commerce platforms and TMall, making headlines all over the world.A．sum of B．value forC．worth of D．profit for【答案】C【解析】【详解】考名词短语辨析。
A. sum of……的总和；B. value for物有所值（多形容质量）；C. worth of 值……的价值（多用于实际价值）；D. profit for利润为。
句意：11月11日，阿里巴巴在其电子商务平台淘宝和天猫上销售了价值2100多亿元的商品，成为全世界的头条新闻。
3．As for your ________ about the shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask him either to give you another pair or to give your money back.A．composition B．compromise C．complaint D．concept【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。
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高考英语语法专题复习一、名词Nouns一、名词的种类：1、专有名词1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠词）2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。
（由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。
）2、普通名词物质名词：water,rice, oil, paper......1）不可数名词抽象名词：health, trouble, work, pleasure, honor......注：①不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。
如：have a wonderful time. make a great progress.②不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
③不可数名词一般无复数形式。
部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。
如：fishes, newspapers, waters, snows ......| | | |各种各样的鱼各种报纸河湖、海水大片水域积雪④有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。
如：times时代，works著作，difficulties⑤在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。
如：a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper......2）可数名词：①可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外，一般都要加冠词：A bird can fly.The frog is a kind of hibernating animal.Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.②有复数形式：a）规则变化——加“s”或“es”（略）b）不规则变化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men), woman (women),mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),phenomenon(pheno mena)；注：c）单、复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一种鱼）......。
如， a sheep, two sheepd）只用复数形式： thanks, trousers, goods, clothes, socks, shoes......e）形复实单：physics, politics, maths, news, plastics（塑料），means.f）形单实复：people (人民，人们；表民族时复数+s），the police, cattle等g）集合名词：family, public, group, class等。
作为整体时，为单数；作为整体中的各个成员时，为复数。
如：My family is a big one. My family are music lovers.h）合成名词变复数时:a.只把复合名词中的主体名词变为复数形式。
如：sister(s)-in-law嫂子，弟妹；step-son (s)继子；editor (s) -in-chief总编辑。
b.没有主体名词在最后一个词的后面加“s”。
如：grown-up(s)成年人，go-between(s)中间人c.woman, man作定语时，要与被修饰的名词的数一致。
如：a man servant—men servants, a woman doctor—women doctors二、名词的所有格1、表有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格，一般在名词后加“’s”。
如：Mike’s bag, Children’s Day, my brother’s room, women’s rights。
注：①名词复数的词尾是-s或-es，它的所有格只在词后加“’”。
如：Teachers’ Day, the workers’ rest-home（工人疗养院），the students’ reading-room②复合名词的所有格，在后面的词后加“’s”。
如：her son-in-law’s photo（她女婿的照片）；anybody else’s book（其他任何人的书）③如果一样东西为两人或两人以上共有，则在最后的一个名词后面加“’s”; 如果不是共有，则每个词后都要加“’s”。
如：Jane and Helen’s room. 珍妮和海伦的房间（共有）.Bill’s and Tom’s radios. 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机（不共有）④表地点（店铺，某人的家等）的名词所有格后面，一般省去它所修饰的名词。
如：the tailor’s (裁缝铺) the doctor’s (诊所) Mr Brown’s (布朗先生的家)⑤有些表时间、距离、国家、城镇的无生命的名词，也可加“’s”表所有格。
如：half an hour’s walk (半小时的路程) China’s agriculture (中国的农业)2、表示无生命的东西的名词一般与of构成词组，表示所有格。
如：the cover of the book3、表示有生命的东西的名词也可以用of，特别是名词较长，有较多的定语时。
如：the story of Dr Norman Bethune Do you know the name of the boy standing at the gate? 4、双重所有格：“名词+of+名词所有格”/名词+of+名词性物主代词在表示所属物的名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词（如：a, two, some, a few, this, that, these,those等）时，常用“of词组+所有格”的形式来表示所有关系。
如：a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友。
some students of mine. 我的一些学生。
those exercise-books of the students’学生们的那些练习本。
【专项训练】：1、There are only twelve in the hospital.A．woman doctors B．women doctors C．women doctor D．woman doctor2、Mr Smith has two , both of whom are teachers in a school.A．brothers-in-law B．brother-in-laws C．brothers-in-laws D．brothers-in law 3、——How many does a cow have? ——Four.A．stomaches B．stomach C．stomachs D．stomachies4、Some visited our school last Wednesday.A．German B．Germen C．Germans D．Germens5、The of the building are covered with lots of .A．roofs; leaves B．rooves; leafs C．roof; leaf D．roofs; leafs6、When the farmer returned home he found three missing.A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepies7、That was a fifty engine.A．horse power B．horses power C．horse powers D．horses powers8、My father often gives me .A．many advice B．much advice C．a lot of advices D．a few advice9、Mary broke a while she was washing up.A．tea cup B．a cup of tea C．tea’s cup D．cup tea10、Can you give us some about the writer?A．informations B．information C．piece of informations D．pieces information11、I had a cup of and two pieces of this morning.A．teas; bread B．teas; breads C．tea; breads D．tea; bread12、As is known to us all, travels much faster than .A．lights; sounds B．light; sound C．sound; light D．sounds; lights13、She told him of all her and .A．hope; fear B．hopes; fear C．hopes; fears D．hope; fears14、The rising did a lot of to the crops.A．water; harm B．water; harms C．waters; harm D．waters; harms15、——How far away is it from here to your school? ——It’s about .A．half an hour’s drive B．half hours drives C．half an hour drives D．half an hour drive 16、The shirt isn’t mine. It’s .A．Mrs Smith B．Mrs’ Smith C．Mrs Smiths’ D．Mrs Smith’s17、Miss Johnson is a friend of .A．Mary’s mother B．Mary’s mothers’ C．Mary mother’s D．Mary’s mother’s 18、Last week I called at my .A．aunt B．aunts C．aunt’s D．auntes’19、The beach is a throw.A．stone B．stones C．stones’ D．stone’s20、I can hardly imagine sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A．Peter’ B．Peter C．Peters D．Peters’【答案】：1、B2、A3、C stomach（胃）虽是“ch”结尾，但其发音为[k]，所以加“s”，不用加“es”。