经典英语语法：虚拟语气.ppt

2. I wish I __h_a_d_m__e_t___(meet)him yesterday.
3. I wish it __w_o_u__ld__b_e_(be) fine tomorrow.
4. He ordered the work ( _sh__o_u_ld__)_b_e__st_a_r_t_ed__ (start) at once.
去完成式表示与过去事实相反 。
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（3） 在表示提议、要求、命令、决定等 动词如suggest, decide, require, request, demand, propose, insist, order等）后的宾语从句中谓语动词常用 “should+动词原形”。Should常被省略。
我的想法是在接受前仔细想想。
My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.
5. I’d rather you _s_t_a_y_e_d___(stay) at home all day today.
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D、试题详解
例1 、If I were you, I
to
the cinema with her.(96)
A. went
B. have been
C. had been D. would go
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虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从 句的用法
在suggestion, proposal, order, idea, news, request,advice, demand, plan 等名词后面的表语 从句中的谓语动词用should+动词 原形，should常省略。
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例 My suggestion is that we (should) do the experiment again.
实相反的假设，因此要选B。
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虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
① It is desired （suggested requested, ordered, demanded…) + that…; ② It is strange (necessary, possible, important, surprising,natural…) +that…; ③ It is a pity ( no wonder…) + that… 等结构后的主语从句中的谓语动词用should +动词原形，should常被省略。
A. might fail B. might have failed
C. shall fail D. would fail
【分析】 当if从句中有were, should和
had等词时，可以省略if， 同时把were,
should, had放到主语前面形式倒装。从句
中的had…not helped表明该句是与过去事
The Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
Revision :
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形式情况 与过去事 实相反
与现在事 实相反
条件从句
had+动词过去 分词
过去式(be用 were)
主句
would(should, could,might)+ have +动词过 去分词
would(should, could,might)+ 动词原形
C. avoid using D. avoided using
【分析】 该题有两个考点，一是
propose后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气动
词形式，二是avoid一词后要用动名词
作宾语。故选C。
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例3 Had you not helped me with my English, I to pass the final examination.
【分析】 通过if从句中谓语动词“I
were”可判断出，该句是与现在事实相
反的虚拟条件句。主句用“would+动词
原形”。故选答案D。
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例2 The doctor proposed that my
brother
his right hand.(97)
A.avoid to use B. should avoid to use
例: It is desired that we(should) get
everything ready by tonight.
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他那样说话，令人吃惊。
It is strange that he(should) say so. 真遗憾，你失去了这么好的机会。 It is a pity that you(should) miss a good chance. 已经决定了把运动会推迟至下个月。
It has been decided that the sports meet(should)be put off till next month.
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高中学生掌握一门外语很有必要。
It is necessary that a high school student should master a foreign language.
1）表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去 式或过去进行式（be动词一般用were）。
2）表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用 “had＋过去分词”或 “would, could, might +have done” 。
（2） 在主语＋would rather ＋that 宾语从
句中，从句谓语用过去式表示现在或将来，用过
一个坚持（insist）,两个命令（order, command）,三个建议（ suggest, advise, propose）,四个要求 （ ask,demand request, require）
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4Fra Baidu bibliotek
Revision :
1. He is not a pilot, but he wishes he _w_e_r_e__ (be).
与将来 事实相反
过去式/should + 动词原形/ were to+动词原形
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would (should, could, might) +动词原形
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2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
（1）在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现 在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望， 从句通常省略连词that。