2021年大黄中药材的毒性研究

毕业论文

欧阳光明（2021.03.07）

GRADUATE THESIS 论文题目：大黄中药材的毒性研究

学生姓名：XXX

专业班级：11级

学院：

指导教师：XX 教授

2015年5月30日

摘要

据初步统计，目前我国共有大约8000多种中药制剂，而在这所有中药制剂中约有800多种制剂里面存在大黄的成分，大黄是我国四种常用药材中最常用的一种，可见大黄是治疗许多疾病中非常重要的一味药材，并且被广泛应用于临床治疗上。大黄与人参、附子、熟地并称中药“四大金刚”，大黄在中药材所占据的地位有目共睹。但是根据以往的观测和研究，发现大黄有可能会导致肝脏中毒或者有致癌的潜在风险，但是到目前为止，对大黄中主要成份的毒性比较研究，以及不同地区大黄关于毒性机制研究报道却很少。

大黄在临床治疗上应用非常地广泛，通常情况下使用大黄是没有风险的，但是长时间的或者过多的摄取则会出现一些毒性反应，因此，本篇论文将采用整体动物实验、DNA的微阵列技术等方法研究分析相关数据和并探讨研究产自不同地区的大黄的胃肠毒性，以及大黄中主要成分的毒性研究，并通过科学合理使用炮制，配伍和统一品种等解毒机制，整理一份大黄质量标准。从而加强对此类药物的不良反应的改善，为大黄的广泛使用和加快中药现代化提供一些参考依据。

关键词：大黄；毒性；现代研究；减毒对策

Abstract

According to statistics, currently there are more than 8000 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and in all the traditional Chinese medicine agent about 800 kinds of reagents are rhubarb, rhubarb is China's four kinds of common traditional Chinese medicine is the most commonly used a, visible rhubarb is very important in many diseases of medicinal treatment, and is widely used in clinical medicine. Rhubarb and aconite, radix ginseng, Chinese medicine and said "big four", Chinese herbal medicine of Rhubarb in the position of be obvious to people. But according to the previous observation and research, found that rhubarb could lead to liver toxic or carcinogenic potential, but so far, a comparative study on the toxicity of the main components in rhubarb, and different areas rhubarb research reports on the mechanisms of toxicity are few.

Rhubarb is widely used in clinical trials, general use of rhubarb is not dangerous, but often eat too much or may have some toxicity, therefore, analysis of relevant data and to explore and study from the side effects of Rhubarb in different regions of the gastrointestinal is consistent with the microarray technology to study the method of this paper will use the whole animal experiment, DNA, through the discussion and Research on the main components, toxicity in rhubarb, rhubarb finishing a quality standard, through processing, compatibility and unification of varieties and other methods, strengthen the adverse reactions to these drugs improve, to provide some reference for the widespread use of rhubarb and accelerate the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Keywords: Rhubarb; toxicity; modern research; attenuated Countermeasures

目录

摘要 ............................................................................................................................. ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................... I 第1章绪论 0

1.1大黄的临床反应 0

1.2研究的目的与意义 (1)

第2章掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄和药用大黄 (2)

2.1植物形态 (2)

2.1.1掌叶大黄 (2)

2.1.2唐古特大黄 (2)

2.1.3药用大黄 (2)

2.2产地分布 (2)

2.3掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄和药用大黄毒性试验比较 (2)

第3章大黄毒性反应现代研究 (4)

3.1阻滞脾胃、损耗元气 (4)

3.2肝损害 (4)

3.3继发性便秘 (4)

3.4肾损伤 (5)

3.5三致作用 (5)

3.6长期毒性研究 (5)

3.7影响细胞信号转导通路引起的毒性研究 (6)

第4章减毒对策 (7)

4.1规范品种，统一标准 (7)

4.2炮制减毒 (7)

4.3配伍减毒 (7)

4.4其他 (8)

结论 (9)

参考文献 (10)

谢辞 (12)

注释 (13)

附录 (14)