英语教师课堂话语的一些常见问题

he +had+
SS: +had+better stop doing hard work.
T: Again.
SS: He had better stop doing hard work.
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在教学现在进行时态时，教师会用开门和关门这两个动作在教 室里进行现成的情景教学，如：
T: Now please look at me. What am I doing? I
英语教师课堂话语的 一些常见问题
南海学校 陈志军
2012 / 07 / 21
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什么是英语教师课堂话语？ 简单地讲，英语教师课堂话语就是英语教
师在组织和实施英语课堂教学时产生的话语， 其中主要是英语，也包括母语。
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一、课堂话语的情景欠真实
T: Good. Sit down please. All right. Look at your
T: Do you have a telephone number? If you
have a telephone number, please write it down. (稍后教师继续说话) Excuse me.
What’s your telephone number?
S1: My telephone numbea r is … .
A: She’s cooking dinner.
B: And you father?
A: He’s playing chess.
B: Thank you. Bye!
A: See you.
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四、教师课堂话语的规范性不够
1.课堂话语缺乏正确性 请看下面例子： T: (教师头戴草帽，背着一个小萝筐) Hello,
teacher. I have a nice kite here. Is it nice?
SS: Yes.
T: Is it your kite?
SS: No. T: No. Do you want to fly a kite?
SS: Yes.
T: Yes. But you don’t have one. Yes. Come here
opening the door. What am I doing?
SS: You are opening the door.
T: Yes. I am opening the door. (pause)I am
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
opening my book. I’m closing my book. Now
the whole class, please open your books.
T: Oh, you want a banana. Sit down please. Anybody else? Yes?
S2: I want to go to the shop. I want a pear. ...
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比如，一位教师在教授了wash 这个动词,引导 学生进行以下操练：
T: If I give you some water, what will you wash?
T: It’s OK. Does anybody know the name of the
singer? S2: (过了一会，终于有人回答) The name of the
band is Westlife.
T: Exactly. Do you know the name of the song?
S2: You raise me up.
please.
S: Yes, I can. It is easy.
T: It is easy. This is not your kite. Borrow it.
S: Can I borrow it please?
T: Let me see. OK. Here you are.
S: Thanks.
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S3: No.
T: What would you like to be?
S1: It’s white and black.
S2: It has a big head.
S3: It has a short tail.
…
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五、导入环节教师话语的拖沓现象
T: I think you are so clever. I like you very
much. I want to makefriends with you.
T: You raise me up. Great. Westlife is a great band.
The four boys sing very well. They are good singers.
XX, would you like to be a singer in the future?
比如stand 这个词可以用于进行时态中： 如：My mother is standing beside me.
Anna is standing there in her Sunday best. 但是这些句子都有一个表示位置、方式的状语， beside me 和there in her Sunday best。 加上这些状语后，句子的意思是“某人站在何处”或 “以某种方式站着”，而不表示“正在站着”的意思。 如果去掉这些句子中的状语，这些句子就不完整。
所以，像I am standing和He is standing这样的句子
符合语法规则，但在现实中是不存在的，也是没有意
义的。
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2.课堂话语缺乏准确性 请看一个片段：
T: Look at the panda in the picture. What is
it like? (学生无反应，教师重复What is it like?，学 生还是无反应) （稍等）What color is it?
SS: Yes.
T: When I go back, I’ll call you.(这位教师在另外一 个地方借班上公开课). Look, this is my telephone number.(卡片正面写着a telephone number). My telephone number is 7369852.(卡片反面写着
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请看下面一个教学片段：
T: (听完一首英文歌曲之后) How do you like this
song? XX, what do you think? Do you like this song?
Do you know the name of the singer?
S1: Sorry, I don’t know.
I’m a farmer. I have a big farm. There are
many vegetables on my farm. Today, I’ve
taken them here. Look, what’s this?...
类似的情况还有很多，比如：
T: Now he should stop doing hard work means
7369852)
T: Do you have a telephone number? If you have
a telephone number, please write it down. (稍后教 师继续说话) Excuse me. What’s your telephone
number?
S1: My telephone numbear is … .
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请看下面的例子：
T: OK now. Who will try to be my patient first? OK
Lily, you please come here.
S: Good morning doctor.
T: Good morning. Sit down please.
S: Thank you.
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有时候教师考虑不周，随口说出一些内容不真 实的话语。比如：
T: I want to go to the shop this afternoon. I want an apple. What about you?
S1: I want to go to the shop. I want a banana.
am closing the door. I am closing the door.
What am I doing?
SS: You are closing the door. T: Yes. I am closing the door. （练习closing的
发音若干遍）
T: What am I doing? I am openingthe door. I am
fruit.(教师出示fruit 单词卡片)
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三、课堂话语的内容欠真实 。
T: I think you are so clever. I like you very much.
I want to makefriends with you. Would you like to
be my friends?
Would you like to be my friends?
SS: Yes. T: When I go back, I’ll call you.(这位教师在另外
一个地方借班上公开课). Look, this is my telephone number.(卡片正面写着a telephone
number). My telephone number is 7369852.(卡片反面写着7369852)
B: Hi, it’s Miss Wang.
A: Hello, Miss Wang. What are you doing?
B: I’m having an English class. What about you?
A: I’m playing basketball.
B: What about your mother? What’s she doing?
T: Show me your hand pleaase. What’s your
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trouble?
二、课堂话语的语言欠真实
T: How are you? S1: I’m fine, thank you. T: What day is it today? S2: Today is Friday. T: What’s the weather like today? S3: It’s fine. T: Do you like English? S4: Yes, I do. I like it very much. T: Do you have any hobbies? S5: Yes, I do.
What are you doing?
SS: We are opening the books.
T: Now please close your books. What are you
doing?
SS: We are closing the boa oks.
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英语中除了瞬间性动词一般不用于进行时态以外，一 些表示状态和心理活动的动词也很少用于进行时态。
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另外，在呈现和讲解知识等环节中，有些 教师也存在话语不连贯、不真实的问题。比 如：
T: I like red. Look, a red paper. Guess, what’s this?(教师把红纸剪成一个苹果)
S: It’s an apple. T: Yes, it’s an apple. Apples are healthy
T: What’s your name?
S: My name is Lily.
T: How old are you?
S: I’m sixteen.
T: Are you a student?
S: Yes.
T: Which school do you study in ?
S: In Huaqiao Middle School.
S1: I’ll wash my hands. S2: I’ll wash my hair. S3: I’ll wash my clothes. S4: I’ll wash my bike.
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（突然电话铃声响起，教师对学生抱歉地说I’m sorry.然后接电话） A: Hello.(角色A说的话事先用手机预录好，角色B是 教师)