Conversion_词类转换

1、Converting into Verbs
1） Nouns Converted into Verbs • 含有动作意味的名词： • The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me
with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，我感到 心驰神往。 • 由动词派生的名词转译成动词： • Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭己被用来探索宇宙。
在那里，由于地心剧烈活动，使山脉和火山露 出水面。
• The air that sweeps the South Sea Islands is fragrant with flowers and spice.
散发着鲜花和香料芬芳的微风轻轻地吹拂着南 太平洋诸岛。
Warming up Activity
Warming up Activity
• Enchantment of the South Seas
南部诸海的魅力 迷人的南部诸海
• Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes to rise above the water.
英译汉的常用词类转换形式
1、Converting into Verbs 2、Converting into Nouns 3、Converting into Adjectives 4、Converting into Adverbs 5、Conversion of Sentence Elements
1、Converting into Verbs
Unit 3 Conversion 转换
• Warming up Activity:
– Read the passage “Enchantment of South Seas” and discuss in a group s to how to translate the underlined sentences.
• 男人身材高大，妇女婀娜多姿，他们无忧无虑， 好像对世界上的一切都不操心似的。
• The ocean was filled with turtles and fish, ready for the
net. 海洋里鱼鳖成群，张网可得。
• The islanders had little need for clothing.
第六讲 Conversion 转换
• 词类转换是英汉翻译很重要的手段之一，运 用得当，可以使可能生硬晦涩的译文更加灵 活变通，不必拘泥于原文形式，却能更准确 传达出原文内涵。
教学内容：
1. 英译汉的常用词类转换形式 2. 汉译英的词类转换
Ⅰ. Conversion in English-Chinese Translation
1、Converting into Verbs
• 表示动作执行者的名词表达动词意义： • I think my little brother is a better teacher than I.
The Pacific islands have changed a great deal since white men first landed on their shores. The peaceful-looking islands are still there, but the people who once lived in such carefree happiness are vanishing. On islands where thousands lived a hundred years ago, only a few score are left.
一些早期的探险家因为太迷恋这些太平洋岛屿 而不再返回自己的国家
• The peaceful-looking islands are still there, but the people who once lived in such carefree happiness are vanishing.
1、Converting into Verbs
• They come out on to the village green and photograph each other in a stone armchair, said to be the throne of Artila. (Nancy Mitford: The Water Beetle)
Enchantment of the South Seas
The mighty Pacific washes the shores of five continents — North America, South America, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica. Its waters mingle in the southeast with the Atlantic Ocean and in the southwest with the Indian Ocean. It is not on the shores of continents or in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky.
When white men first came to the Pacific islands, they found that the people living there were like happy children. They were tall men and beautiful women who seemed not to have a care in the world. Coconut palms and breadfruit trees grew at the doors of their huts. The ocean was filled with turtles and fish, ready for the net. The islanders had little need for clothing. There was almost no disease.
The air that sweeps the South Sea Islands is fragrant with flowers and spice. Bright warm days follow clear cool nights, and the rolling swells break in a never-ending roar on the shores. Overhead the slender coconut palms whisper their drowsy song.
• the rolling swells break in a never-ending roar on the shores
奔腾的巨浪拍打着海岸, 咆哮不止。
• They were tall men and beautiful women who seemed not to have a care in the world.
英语句子中只能有一个谓语动词，因此倾向于 多用名词、形容词和介词表达意思。现代汉语 中动词占优势，一个句子不限于只用一个动词， 可以连续使用几个动词，即所谓的动词连用， 这是现代汉语句法的显著特征之一。 • Families upstairs have to carry pails to the hydrant downstairs for water. 住在楼上的人家得提着水桶去楼下的水龙头打 水。
岛上人几乎不需要什么衣服。
Warming up Activity
• Cruel and bloody wars sometimes broke out between neighboring tribes,
邻近部落之间有时会爆发残酷的流血战争。
• Some of the early explorers were so fascinated with the Pacific islands that they never returned to their own countries.
Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes to rise above the water. For hundreds of years tiny coral creatures have worked and died to make thousands of ringshaped islands called atolls.
• 译文：他们踏上村中草地，看到一张石椅，听说是匈奴王阿 提拉的宝座，就要照相；一个个登上大位，你给我照，我给 你照。（翁显良译）
• 赏析：原文里只使用了两个动词，而译文中却有六七个动词 之多，前面几个动宾结构连用，中间不用任何连接词，纯靠 动作发生的时间先后而产生语义上的关联，读来顺畅，自然。 从另一个角度来看，原文信息焦点在"photograph each other"，如将原文后半部译为"互相在据说是匈奴王阿提拉 的宝座的石椅上照相"，未免有头重脚轻之嫌，用"一个个登 上大位,你给我照,我给你照" 稍稍展开一下，既弥补了这种 缺陷，又使叙述更加生动，形象。
和平宁静的岛屿依然如故，但那些曾经在岛屿 上无忧无虑地生活过的人正在消失。
Warming up Activity
• Reflection: – Can the italicized words in each sentence be translated directly in its original part of speech? – How can we translate them in a natural way? – What technique did you use in translating them? – Why is it necessary for a translator to convert parts of speech in translation?
Cruel and bloody wars sometimes broke out between neighboring tribes, and canoe raids were sometimes made on nearby islands. The strong warriors enjoyed fighting. Many of the islanders were cannibals, who cooked and ate the enemies they killed. This was part of their law and religion. These savages, however, were usually friendly, courteous, and hospitable. Some of the early explorers were so fascinated with the Pacific islands that they never returned to their own countries. They preferred to stay.