中国社会科学院美国研究系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院法学系民商法学专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料
裁委员会仲裁员和涉外仲裁员等。学术研究领域是破产法、保险法、担保法以及物权法
和债权法，发表诸多论文和著作。
谢鸿飞，1973 年 12 月生，四川省金堂人，法学博士，中国社会科学院法学研究所
研究员，民法室主任，西南财经大学法学院硕士生导师，中国民法学研究会副秘书长。
学术兴趣：民法总则、物权法、普通法、德国法、法律与社会理论。
资料来源育明教育官网：（考博分校） 考博考试信息、辅导课程可咨询育明教育考博分校
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
育明教育考博分校解析：此类研究生不是大家所谓的“在职研究生”，在职研究生
指的是利用周六日和寒暑假上课的研究生，现在除了极个别学校还招收极少量的在职研
上下文从给出的 7 个选项中选择适当的 5 个。每空 2 分，总分值为 10 分。
B： 根据此文，写作 1 篇 100-120 词的概述。总分值为 10 分。
第四部分：翻译 （外译中+中译外） 30 分（15 分+15 分）
育明教育考博分校解析：社科院的考博英语难度比较大，对词汇量的要求非常高，
每一年有相当一批考生因为英语单科不过 50 分而受限。考日语和俄语等要比考英语有
在复试阶段还将对考生的思想政治素质和道德品质进行考核。思想政治素质和品德 考核的主要内容包括考生的政治态度、思想表现、学习（工作）态度、道德品质、守法 表现等方面。社科院各系还将向参加复试考生所在单位函调（或派人外调）考生人事档 案和本人现实表现等材料（须加盖人事档案所在单位人事或政工部门公章），全面审查 其思想政治素质和道德品质。 3、加试要求：
合。理清楚学科发展史，特别是每一个阶段的代表人物，著作，主张，提出的背景和评 价。根据专业课老师讲解借鉴前辈经验最终形成学员的专属笔记。
中国社会科学院经济系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
第 2010-293-001 号）。
裴小革，经济系博士生导师。1956 年 10 月出生于北京市。现为中国社会科学院经
济研究所研究员、《资本论》研究中心主任、当代西方经济理论研究室主任，同时为中
国《资本论》研究会秘书长、中国社会科学院研究生院教授、全国经济学名词审定委员
会委员、全国经济贸易名词审定委员会委员、福建师范大学兼职教授。
资料来源育明教育官网：（考博分校） 考博考试信息、辅导课程可咨询育明教育考博分校
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
项目《中国近代经济史》1937-1949 卷副主编。主持院级课题《抗战前中国产业经济发 展状况研究》、《中国经济史学数据库》等项目，现担任院创新工程《我国初期工业化》 首席研究员。已发表《民国时期经济政策的沿袭与变异》（2006 年）、《民族工业发展史 话》（2000 年、2011 年）等个人专著，发表了《官产官业处置、收归国有取向与民初经 济政策》（1998 年）等数十篇学术论文。《民国时期经济政策的沿袭与变异》获 2009 年 经济所优秀科研成果奖一等奖，2010 年中国社会科学院优秀成果奖（专著）三等奖。
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
中国社会科学院经济系考博真题导师分数线内部资料 一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目
院系ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
专业
(招生人数) (招生人数)
研究方向
导师
考试科目
401 经济系 (14)
①1001 英语
01 经济增长与资本形成
资料来源育明教育官网：（考博分校） 考博考试信息、辅导课程可咨询育明教育考博分校
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
2021年社科院社会学系考博真题参考书导师热点预测
2021年社科院社会学系考博真题参考书/导师热点预测503社会学系(招生人数9人)专业：030301社会学(9)研究方向：01中国社会思想史导师信息：景天魁研究领域：社会发展、福利社会学、社会保障.主要代表作：《基础整合的社会保障体系》（2001年）；《社会发展的时空结构》（2002年）；《底线公平：和谐社会的基础》（2009年）考试科目：①1001英语②2015社会理论、历史与方法③3087中国社会思想史研究方向：02经济组织与社会发展导师信息：李培林研究领域为社会发展、社会结构、企业组织和社会政策考试科目：①1001英语或1005法语②2015社会理论、历史与方法③3088经济组织与社会发展研究方向：03社会结构与变迁导师信息：陈光金主要研究领域：农村社会学，社会发展，社会分层，私营企业主阶层。
考试科目：①1001英语②2015社会理论、历史与方法③3089社会结构与变迁研究方向：04农村社会学导师信息：王春光研究方向是：农村社会学、社会政策和社会建设、流动人口和移民研究、社会流动和社会阶层等领域考试科目：①1001英语②2015社会理论、历史与方法③3093农村社会学研究方向：05社会分层与流动导师信息：李春玲研究领域：青少年研究、社会结构、社会分层与流动、教育社会学。
代表作：《比较视野下的中产阶级形成：过程、影响以及社会经济后果》（专著，2009年）；《断裂与碎片——当代中国社会阶层分化实证分析》；《中国城镇社会流动》考试科目：①1001英语②2015社会理论、历史与方法③3094社会分层与流动研究方向：06组织社会学导师信息:夏传玲主要研究领域：社会学研究方法、组织社会学、老龄社会学。
代表作：《权杖和权势：组织的权力运作机制》（2008年）；《组织变迁的社会过程：以社会团结为视角》（2006年）；“老年人日常照料的角色介入模型”，《社会》考试科目：①1001英语或1004德语②2015社会理论、历史与方法③3095组织社会学研究方向：07性别与家庭导师信息：吴小英研究方向：家庭研究，性别研究。
中国社会科学院哲学系伦理学专业应用伦理学方向考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院哲学系伦理学专业应用伦理学方向考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目302哲学系(12)010105伦理学(2)01应用伦理学甘绍平①1001英语、1002日语、1003俄语、1004德语、1005法语选一②2045伦理学原理③3082应用伦理学二、导师介绍甘绍平：哲学系博士生导师。
1959年8月出生于湖南省长沙市。
现任中国社会科学院哲学所伦理学研究室主任，研究员。
从事伦理学专业研究，研究方向为伦理学、应用伦理学、人权伦理学、德国哲学。
主要著作：《人权伦理学》，（2009），《应用伦理学前沿问题研究》（2002），《伦理智慧》（2000），《传统理性哲学的终结》（1996），《中国哲学的精髓》（1997德文版），《客观理性哲学——理论与思维方式》（1994德文版）。
在《中国社会科学》、《哲学研究》、《哲学动态》、《世界哲学》、《中国社会科学院研究生院学报》、《学术月刊》、《北京大学学报》、《中国人民大学学报》、《光明日报》等报刊发表论文百篇。
2001年完成国家社科基金项目“当代西方应用伦理学若干前沿问题研究”，2008年主持完成中国社会科学院重大课题“当代中国应用伦理学的理论与实践”。
专著《应用伦理学前沿问题研究》获第五届中国社会科学院优秀科研成果三等奖。
育明教育考博分校解析：考博如果能够提前联系导师的话，不论是在备考信息的获取，还是在复试的过程中，都会有极大的帮助，甚至是决定性的帮助。
育明教育考博分校经过这些年的积淀可以协助学员考生联系以上导师。
三、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
中国社会科学院考博历年真题 经济学原理2001
中国社会科学院考博历年真题经济学原理2001-2003年试题
1、马克思的劳动价值论与我国收入分配改革(30分)
2、不完全竞争市场的缺陷及政府规制(25分)
3、假定投资不受利率影响，利用IS-LM模型和AD-AS模型说明，产出、利率、物价总水平是如何决定的？是怎样发生变化的？(30分)
4、阐述1998年度诺贝尔经济学奖的主要理论贡献。
（15）
社科院2002博士入学经济学原理考试题
1、用总供给和总需求曲线，说明什么情况下产量上升的同时价格下降，什么情况下产量下降的同时价格上升。
一起考研社区真情奉献
2、用图形分析并说明企业的短期成本和长期成本的关系。
3、论述马克思的商品价值向生产价格的转型理论。
4、2001年诺贝尔奖获得者的主要理论贡献及其在现实经济活动中的应用。
社科院2003博士入学经济学原理考试题（每题必答1000字以上）
1、论述实验经济学对传统经济学“理性行为”的挑战；（30分）
2、新制度经济学的政策主张及对当代中国的意义；（35分）（新经济增长理论的政策含义及其对中国实践的启示）
3、运用政治经济学原理解析中共十六大报告关于“确立劳动、资本、技术和管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配的原则，完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度”的精神。
（35分）。
中国社会科学院金融系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院金融系考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目409金融系（8）020204金融学(8)01货币理论与货币政策李扬①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学02金融市场王国刚①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学03国际金融与投资王松奇①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学04资本市场周茂清①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学05金融与保险郭金龙①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学06区域金融与风险管理王力①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学07宏观经济与货币政策彭兴韵①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学08宏观金融与政策殷剑峰①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学09金融监管与金融法律胡滨①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3107金融学注：本系同等学力考生须加试政治。
二、导师介绍李扬，1981、1984、1989年分别于安徽大学、复旦大学、中国人民大学获经济学学士、硕士、博士学位。
1998～1999年，美国哥伦比亚大学访问学者。
现任中国社科院党组成员、副院长。
中国社会科学院首批学部委员。
研究员，博士生导师。
十二届全国人大代表，全国人大财经委员会委员。
中国博士后科学基金会副理事长。
第三任中国人民银行货币政策委员会委员。
2011年被评为国际欧亚科学院院士。
中国金融学会副会长。
中国财政学会副会长。
中国国际金融学会副会长。
中国城市金融学会副会长。
中国海洋研究会副理事长。
曾五次获得“孙冶方经济科学”著作奖和论文奖。
已出版专著、译著23部,发表论文400余篇，主编大型金融工具书6部。
主持国际合作、国家及部委以上研究项目40余项。
王国刚，男，59岁，江苏无锡人，中国社科院学部委员，博士生导师，经济学教授，经济学博士，政府特殊津贴获得者；现任中国社会科学院金融研究所所长，兼任国家社科基金规划评审组专家，中国开发性金融促进会副会长、中国市场学会副会长、中国外汇投资协会副会长，中国金融学会副秘书长兼常务理事、中国城市金融学会常务理事、中国农村金融学会常务理事、中国资产评估协会常务理事、中国城市经济学会常务理事等职；曾任“江苏兴达证券投资服务有限公司”总经理、“江苏兴达会计师事务所”董事长，“中国华夏证券有限公司”副总裁等职。
中国社会科学院中华人民共和国国史系中共党史专业李正华、宋月红考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院中华人民共和国国史系中共党史专业李正华、宋月红考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目205中华人民共和国国史系(6)030204中共党史(1)01中共党史李正华①1001英语、1002日语、1003俄语选一②2028中国特色社会主义理论③3045中共党史宋月红①1001英语、1002日语、1003俄语选一②2028中国特色社会主义理论③3045中共党史二、导师介绍李正华：国史系博士生导师。
1964年6月出生于湖南省衡阳县。
1995年毕业于南开大学，获历史学博士学位。
现任当代中国研究所第一研究室主任、学术委员会委员、高级职称评定委员会委员，兼任《当代中国史研究》杂志编委、中华人民共和国国史学会常务理事、中国中共党史学会理事等。
主要从事中国近现代史、中共党史（社会主义时期）方面的研究。
曾参与《中华人民共和国史稿》（人民出版社、当代中国出版社2012年版。
）序卷、四卷的撰稿和统稿工作。
主要著作有《中国改革开放的酝酿与起步》（当代中国出版社2002年版，方志出版社2007年再版。
）等10余部，发表学术论文有《对毛泽东探索新中国农村发展道路的再认识》（《当代中国史研究》2013年2期。
）、《我国宪法内容历次变动的思路、重点、特点及原因分析》（当代中国史研究》2003年第6期，《新华文摘》2004年第4期转载。
）等６０余篇，现承担《中华人民共和国政治史》（2013-2014年中国社会科学院创新项目）等课题４项。
2004年获第五届中国社会科学院优秀科研成果三等奖，2013年获“中国社会科学院2010－2012年度先进个人”荣誉称号。
宋月红：中华人民共和国国史系硕士生导师。
1965年10月出生于河南省淮阳县。
1999年毕业于北京大学政治学与行政管理系（现政府管理学院），政治学博士学位。
任中国社会科学院当代中国研究所理论研究室主任（副局级）、研究员，兼研究所机关党委副书记。
[中科院]中国社会科学院研究生院博士研究生英语入学试题及答案
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中国社会科学院研究生院2005年博士研究生英语入学考试和答案PART I: VocabularySection A (10 points)Directions: Choose the word that is the closest in meaning with the underlined word.1. Too often, the sales manager who hires salesmen simply because of their extroverted and flamboyant personality will have a high turnover.a. deviousb. humorousc. singulard. ostentatious2. He remains alert to signs of hope and finds one in the story of the late SuAnne Big Crow, a high-school basketball star whose exploits and character united the reservation in pride.a. featsb. peatsc. leatsd. beats3. The emergence of extraterrestrial life, particularly intelligent life, is a key test for these rival paradigms.a. doctrinesb. heresiesc. examplesd. debates4. There are no national statistics, but family-law experts agree that with remarriage and a booming economy creating an increasingly mobile work force, relocation is becoming a much more. contentious issue in divorce cases.a. precariousb. urgentc. elusived. controversial5. Although astronomers increasingly suspect that bio-friendly planets may be abundant in the universe, the chemical steps leading to life remain largely mysterious.a. doubtb. assumec. emerged. amplify6. Small wonder, then, that the heavy surrounding wall is obsolete, and we build, instead, membranes of thin sheet metal or glass.a. extantb. manifest e. archaic d. dilapidated7. That prospect has infuriated ordinary Mexicans, who have seen the purchasing power of their paychecks erode more than 40% since 1982, and who voted for the new president because he promised to replace austerity with prosperity.a. severe and restricted economyb. affluence and large-scale economyc. inefficient and small-scale economyd. scarce and uncontrolled economy8. The benefits and pleasure from embezzlement will only be ephemeral for those corrupt officials, at the expense of the whole country for centuries to come.a. transitoryb. durablec. immortald. resilient9. We might feel ambivalence about taking PhD candidate tests that require us to work extremely hard and under too much stress.a. an antagonistic feelingb. a contradictory feelingc. a Monday-morning feelingd. an altruistic feeling10. Much of the emotionalism of modern pop music, which seems to offer catharsis to both performer and audience, is taken directly from the sacred-music traditions of African Americans.a. abreactionb. laxnessc. euphemismd. euthanasiaSection B (10 points)Directions: Choose the word that best completes the sentence.11. It is hoped that the severe prison sentences will serve as a(n) to other would-be offenders.a. hoaxb. deterrentc. hindranced. anguish12. and grit are much more important than intelligence and talent. So those who were responsible for cheating were kicked off the team, even in the face of overwhelming criticism.a. integrityb. culpabilityc. persistenced. indolence13. And so to the of the Games --- faster, higher, stronger ---Tonya Harding adds words she knows all too well: harder. Harder. Longer. Badder. She has worked so hard, tried for so long, wanted so bad.a. creedb. convictionc. dogmad. qualm14. Traditionally, biologists believed that life is a freak --- the result of a zillion-to-one accidental concatenation. It follows that the likelihood of its happening again elsewhere in the cosmos is .a. infinitesimalb. immeasurablec. multitudinousd. miscellaneous15. By starting treatment early, and interrupting it for brief periods once they had the virus under control, all of the study's eight participants were able to _ their immune responses.a. consoleb. fosterc. bolsterd. decrease16. His former wife had ____ the court for permission to move them to Colorado, but a judge said that would damage their relationship with Caldwell and ruled she could either stay in Illinois or relinquish custody.a. defiedb. ratifiedc. petitionedd. eluded17. Some managers in the slate-owned enterprises have been charged with for depositing public funds into private bank accounts at a time when economic reform is being carried out.a. embezzlementb. pillagec. pilferaged. arson18. Both sections are designed to be taken by high school seniors. Over 20 percent of the children with these top scores were found to be left-handed or , twice the rate observed among the general population.a. ambidextrousb. ambivalentc. ambientd. dexterous19. Poorer parents, meanwhile, may be tempted to borrow more than they ever expect to repay; the rate on government-backed loans is roughly 22% and bound to rise.a. interestb. mortalityc. defaultd. velocity20. It is not only that they are supposed to fall in love and to enter into a monogamous marriage in which she gives up her name and he his _______. but this love must be manufactured at all cost or the marriage will seem insincere to all concerned.a. concessionb. solvencyc. paroled. meditationPART Ⅱ: GrammarSection A (10 points)Directions: Choose the answer that best fills in the blank.21. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence, we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment.a. thereforeb. therebyc. whereasd. thus22. The critics tended to speculate who had the greatest influence on the development of that writer's novels.a. as tob. so as toc. thatd. of23. the stock market has posted its worst loss since the '87 crash and has provoked fears ofa bearish season to come.a. Panicked by a faltering buyout deal and a whiff of inflation,b. To be panicked by a hesitating buyout deal and a whiff of inflation,c. Being panicked by a hesitant buyout deal and a trace of inflation,d. Panicking by a faltering buyout deal and a hair-raising inflation,24. The assumption that the initiative in the establishment of this wondrous arrangement should be in the hands of the male, with the female graciously succumbing ____ the impetuous onslaught of his wooing , goes back right to prehistoric times when savage warriors first descended _________ some peaceful matriarchal hamlet and dragged away its screaming daughters to their marital beds.a. to ... onb. to ...withc. with ...tod. on...at25. Hacker could even take control of the entire system by implanting his own instructions in the software that runs it. Moreover, he could program the computer to ease any sigh ofa. his being thereb. him having ever been therec. his ever having been thered. having ever been there26．Jefferson was a renowned doubter，urging his nephew to “question with boldness even the existence of a God” John Adams was at least a skeptic，．a．as were of course the revolutionary firebrands Tom Paine and Ethan Allemb．as the revolutionary firebrand was of course Tom Paine and Ethan Allemc. as of course the revolutionary firebrands Tom Paine and Ethan Allem wered．as of course the revolutionary firebrand was Tom Paine and Ethan Allem27．Should Earth be struck by an asteroid，destroying all higher life-forms，intelligent beings，still less humanoids，a．would almost certainly not arise next time aroundb．will almost undoubtedly not arise next time aroundc．would not have to arise next time around indeedd．Would have arisen next time around for a certainty28．Another reason argues for the separation of church and state．If the Founding Fathers had one overarching aim、it was to limit the power the churches the state．They had seen the abuses of kings who claimed to rule with divine approval，from arbitrary Henry VIII to the high-handed George Ⅲ.a．not of ...but of b．not only ...but alsoc．of ...as well as d．of ...or of29．Many such chemical changes have been performed by man since very early times，probably the first the heating of clay to make pottery，which has been known for 1O，000 years．a was b is C．had been d．being30．But if life on Earth is not unique，the case for a miraculous origin would be undermined．The discovery of even a humble bacterium on Mars,____, would support the view that life emerges naturally．a．if they could be shown to have arisen separately from Earthb．if it could show to have arisen in parallel from Earthc if it could be shown to have arisen independently from Earthd. if they can be shown to have arisen autonomously from EarthSection B (10 points)Directions：Choose the letter that indicates the error in the sentence31．Bill Gates rules because early on he acted on the assumption which computing power---theA Bcapacity of microprocessors and memory chips---would become nearly free；his company keptCchuming out more and more lines of complex software to make use of the cheap bounty．D32. What struck the imagination of the world was, in first place, the dramatic character ofA Bthe discovery - the long and patient search, a real act of faith, culminating in the discoveryCof something the like of which had never been found before - the undisturbed body of theDancient Egyptian kings.33. Even George Washington must shudder in his sleep to hear the constant emphasis onA"Judeo-Christian values.” It is he who writes, “We have abundant reason to rejoice that in thisB CLand ... every person may here worship God according to the dictates of his own heart.”D34. It was a textbook case of crisis mismanagement. Hitting by hundreds of lawsuits and a federalA Bprobe into the safety of its silicone breast implant, Dow Coming spent much of the past year hunkered down in a defensive crouch -- stalling investigators, sitting on evidence andC Dminimizing the complaints of women who said the devices caused them pain, disfigurement and serious autoimmune disorders.35. As the colleges and universities have less and less resources to devote to the humanities andAliberal arts, by which a sensitivity toward social advancement has traditionally been nurturedB Cthey are forced to look to private industry for money.D36. In the space of 12 hours last Thursday, Mexican Finance Minister Guillermo Ortiz Martinez undertook the unenviable task of charming, consoling and begging the forgiveness of three AAmerican credit-rating agencies, the head of a dozen U.S. commercial banks and 400 investorsBand analysts who lost nearly $10 billion last month when Mexico's newly minted President,CErnesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon, abruptly allowed the peso to float against the dollar.D37. He believed that Nazca only made sense if the people who had designed and made theseAvast drawings on the ground could actually see them. and that led him to the theory that theBancient Peruvians had somehow learned to fly, as only from above they could really see theC Dextent of their handiwork.38. The rescue package he finally unveiled Tuesday called for cutting budgets, keeping prices inA check and holding wage increases to 7% for 1995, backed by an $18 billion emergency fundBsubstantially financed by the U.S. Those sacrifices, however, make them clear that Mexico nowCfaces an anguished period of economic stagnation, even if the government can make the planD stick.39. But our guess, and certainly our hope, is that you are among the far greater number whoA knows that walls are only temporary at best, and that over the long run, we can serve society'sB Cinterests better by working together in mutual accommodation.D40. No wonder John Adams once described the Judeo-Christian tradition as “the most bloodyAreligion that ever existed,” and that the Founding Fathers took such pains to keepBthe hand that held the musket separate from the one that carries the cross.C DPART II1: Reading comprehension: (30 points)Directions: Answer all the questions based on the information in the passages below.Passage 1I have shown how democracy destroys or modifies the different inequalities that originate in society; but is this all, or does it not ultimately affect that great inequality of man and woman which has seemed, up to the present day, to be eternally based in human nature? I believe that the social changes that bring nearer to the same level the father and son, the master and servant, and, in general, superiors and inferiors will raise woman and make her more and more the equal of man. But here, more than ever, I feel the necessity of making myself clearly understood; for there is no subject on which the coarse and lawless fancies of our age have taken a freer range.There are people in Europe who，confounding together the different characteristics of the sexes would make man and woman into beings not only equal but alike．They would give to boththe same functions，impose on both the same duties，and grant to both the same rights：they would mix them in all things—their occupations，their pleasures．their business．It may readily be conceived that by thus attempting to make one sex equal to the other, both are degraded，and from so preposterous a medley of the works of nature nothing could ever result but weak men and disorderly women．It is not thus that the Americans understand that species of democratic equality Which may be established between the sexes．They admit that as nature has appointed such wide differences between the physical and moral constitution of man and woman，her manifest design was to give a distinct employment to their various faculties；and they hold that improvement does not consist in making beings so dissimilar do pretty nearly the same things，but in causing each of them to fulfill their respective tasks in the best possible manner The Americans have applied to the sexes the great principle of political economy which governs the manufacturers of our age，by carefully dividing the duties of man from those of woman in order that the great work of society may be the better carried on．In no country has such constant care been taken as in America to trace two clearly distinct lines of action for the two sexes and to make them keep pace one with the other，but in two pathways that are always different．American women never manage the outward concerns of the family or conduct a business or take a part in political life：nor are they，on the other hand，ever compelled to perform the rough labor of the fields or to make any of those laborious efforts which demand the exertion of physical strength．No families are so poor as to form an exception to this rule．If, on the one hand，an American woman cannot escape from the quiet circle of domestic employments．she is never forced，on the other，to go beyond it．Hence it is that the women of America，who often exhibit a masculine strength of understanding and a manly energy，generally preserve great delicacy of personal appearance and always retain the manners of women although they sometimes show that they have the hearts and minds of menNor have the Americans ever supposed that one consequence of democratic principles is the subversion of marital power or the confusion of the natural authorities in families They hold that every association must have a head in order to accomplish its object．and that the natural head of the conjugal association is man．They do not therefore deny him the right of directing his partner，and they maintain that in tile smaller association of husband and wife as well as in the great social community the object of democracy is to regulate and legalize the powers that are necessary, and not to subvert all power．Comprehension Questions：41．What does the writer think will improve equality between the sexes?a．the opinions of those who comment on society's foiblesb．the fact that democracy has leveled other inequalitiesc. the social changes that have occurredd．the wider gender demographic assumptions of our age42. Why does the writer oppose the views of some Europeans?a. Because he does not think men and women should do the same jobs, enjoy the same pastimes, or indulge in the same business transactions.b. Because he thinks they confuse the different characteristics of men and women.c. Because he thinks it absurd that the sexes should have the same duties and rights.d. Because he does not think the sexes have the same function in society.43. In what particular way do Americans have a different interpretation of democratic equality between the sexes?a. They want men and women to take different roles in society.b, They believe the sexes are very different from each other.c. They encourage men and women to fulfill different tasks as well as they can.d. They impose a division of labor in order to benefit society as a whole.44. What does the writer suggest to be the main strengths of American women?a. They concentrate on work in the home.b. They heed their comportments and show brainpowers analogous to those of men.e. They refrain from shirking domestic employment.d. They do not participate in business or politics.45. What effect has democracy had on the relations between the sexes in America?a. It has resulted in women being subordinate to men.b. It has subverted natural authority in families.c. It has formulated and endorsed necessary powers, with the man as head of the family.d. It has reinforced existing inequalities.Passage 2When we speak of progress in connection with our individual endeavors or any organized human effort, we mean an advance toward a known goal. It is not in this sense that social evolution can be called progress, for it is not achieved by human reason striving by known means toward a fixed aim. It would be more correct to think of progress as a process of formation and modification of the human intellect, a process of adaptation and learning in which not only the possibilities known to us but also our values and desires continually change. As progress consists in the discovery of the not yet known, its consequences must be unpredictable. It always leads into the unknown, and the most we can expect is to gain an understanding of the kind of forces that bring it about. Yet, though such a general understanding of the character of this process of cumulative growth is indispensable if we are to try to create conditions favorable to it, it can never be knowledge which will enable us to make specific predictions. The claim that we can derive from such insight necessary laws of evolution that we must follow is an absurdity. Human reason can neither predict nor deliberately shape its own future. Its advances consist in finding out where it has been wrong.Even in the field where search for new knowledge is most deliberate, i,e., in science, no man can predict what will be the consequences of his work, In fact, there is increasing recognition that even the attempt to make science deliberately aim at useful knowledge--that is, at knowledge whose future uses can be foreseen--- is likely to impede progress. Progress by its very nature cannot be planned. We may perhaps legitimately speak of planning progress in a particular field where we aim at the solution of a specific problem and are already on the track of the answer. But we should soon be at the end of our endeavors if we were to confine ourselves to striving for goals now visible and if new problems did not spring up all the time. It is knowing what we have not known before that makes us wiser man.But often it also makes us sadder men. Though progress consists in part in achieving things we have been striving for, this does not mean that we shah like all its results or that all will begainers. And since our wishes and aims are also subject to change in the course of process, it is questionable whether the statement has a clear meaning that the new state of affairs that progress creates is a better one, Progress in the sense of the cumulative growth of knowledge and power over nature is a term that says little about whether the new state will give us more satisfaction than the old. The pleasure may be solely in achieving what we have been striving for, and the assured possession may give us little satisfaction. The question whether, if we had to stop at our present stage of development, we would in any significant sense be better off or happier than if we had stopped a hundred or a thousand years ago is probably unanswerable.The answer, however, does not matter. What matters is the successful striving for what at each, moment seems attainable. It is not the fruits of past success but the living in and for the future in which human intelligence proves itself. Progress is movement for movement's sake, for it is in the process of learning, and in the effects of having learned something new, that man enjoys the gift of his intelligence.Comprehension Questions:46. Which of the following statements does the passage most strongly support?a. Scientific progress will benefit mankind immeasurably.b. Scientific research frequently achieves its intended goals.c. Progress may or may not lead to a better world.d. Progress defined by a infinite trajectory leads to wisdom.47. Progress, in the view of the writer.a. involves the development of the human intellectb. is closely related to social development and evolutionc. is at the expense of tradition and moral valuesd. always remunerates everyone relatively equally48. When considering the search for knowledge,a. we should aim at solving specific problemsb. we should produce useful resultsc. we become wiser because we accumulate a broad range of knowledged. science finds solutions for existing problems and uncovers new problems49. Progress, according to this argument,a. unquestionably leads to a more pleasurable existenceb. facilitates prosperity and personal satisfactionc. involves the achievement of measurable goalsd. is an inevitable movement forward50. The author suggests thata. past achievements are less important than future aspirationsb. history's successes demonstrate change in knowledgec. striving without achieving goals is wasted effortd. movement for movement's sake is pointlessPassage 3The immediate postwar economic regime throughout much of the world could be characterized as a unique compromise between national economic objectives (e.g., industrialization / development, full employment, and social welfare) on the one hand, and aninternational system of co-operative and liberal multilateralism, on the other-a combination often described as “national capitalism” or “embedded liberalism”.In practice the implementation of Keynesianism in each national context was quite specific and had to do with the mediating effect of local institutions or “governance regimes”. In industrialized nations, states regulated economics mainly through fiscal policy. Meanwhile, developing countries experimented with more extreme forms of state intervention, from various versions of “mixed”economies to outright socialism. In Latin America, the guiding postwar paradigm was import-substituting industrialization (ISI), through which governments fostered economic development by protecting domestic industries from foreign competition.This variety of postwar social contracts was made possible by a strong system of international monetary regulations, which were bound together by the political hegemony of the United States. In order to prevent global capital movements (whether outflows from the United States or inflows to Europe) from upsetting the system of pegged exchange rates, a consensus emerged for the establishment of capital controls. In limiting the pressures that could be brought to bear on the exchange rate, these restraints to capital mobility allowed governments to pursue domestic objectives other than currency stability (like full employment and a welfare state in Europe and industrialization in the developing world), and thereby satisfy the social demands formulated by their democratic electorates.Over the course of the postwar period, however, this system was put under considerable stress that culminated during the 1970s, On the domestic front, expansionary policies were beginning to exhaust their potential and were becoming increasingly inflationary. On the international front, the rapid progress of financial innovation and the multinationalization of firms had engendered a movement in favor of the liberalization of capital movements, supported by Britain (initially) and the United States (later). Both emerging and European economies were flooded with foreign capital, which made it even harder to sustain noninflationary courses of action and increased the vulnerability of currencies to speculation. In 1971, the U.S. commitment to such a liberal financial order was ratified by the country's decision to let the dollar float, which in effect brought the Bretton Woods system to an end.The new post-Bretton Woods economic environment not only appeared difficult to control with established economic strategies, but it also changed the political opportunity structure that governments faced. Previously, national policies bad been determined chiefly by the interplay of domestic parties, local interest groups, and national institutions. In contrast, now international finance constituted an increasingly powerful constituency, which could be presumed to have its own set of policy preferences-such as low inflation, balanced budgets, and strict monetary policy managed by an independent central bank.Comprehension Questions:51. What is the best title of this passage?a. The Widely Contrasting Models of the Economy and the Myth of the Mixed Economy.b. The Shifting of the Means of Government Intervention and the Downfall of the Bretton Woods system,c. The Varying Social Contracts and the Disadvantages of the System of Pegged Exchange Ratesd, The Changing International Economic Order and the Rise of the Market Paradigm52. What is the difference in the ways of government intervention between developed and developing countries according to the author?a. The background of developing countries is more general and the contexts of developednations are more specific.b. Industrialized nations focused mainly on government expenditure, while developingcountries tested different experimental forms of state intervention.c. Developed nations regulated the economies through fiscal policies, whereas developingcountries tried to control economies by protectionism.d. Develo ped countries experimented various version of “mixed” economies; meanwhile,developing countries tried to protect domestic industries from foreign competition.53. Which of the following statements is NOT true?a. The restrictive measures gave the governments the first priority on currency stability.b. Not only the U.S political supremacy but a strong system of international monetaryregulations made various social agreements possible.c. To protect the pegged exchange rates from being destabilized by global capital flow, themajority of the countries reached agreement on the establishment of capital control.d. Developed countries concentrated their domestic objective on full employment, whiledeveloping countries focused on industrialization.54. How was the system of pegged exchange rates put under substantial stress for the period before 1970's?a. Domestically, expansionary policies lost their potential and became inflationary;internationally, liberalization of capital movements ensued.b. Domestically, policies exhausted the endangered movements; internationally, the rapidprogress of financial innovation and the multinationalization of firms supported Britain and the United States.c. Domestically, policies exhausted potential and failed to become deflationary, internationally,financial modernization and firms favored support of Britain and the United States.d. Domestically, policies produced exhaust and reversed inflation, internationally, financialinnovation and firms favored support of Britain and the United States.55. In the passage the author's attitude towards “the new post-Bretton Woods economic environment” isa, optimistic b. critical c. indifferent d. approvingPassage 4The first social effect of this state of affairs was to produce a large and ever larger floating population of 'stateless' exiles. During the growth period of Hellenic history such a plight had been uncommon and was regarded as a dreadful abnormality. The evil was not overcome by Alexander's great hearted effort to induce the reigning Faction of the moment to each city-state to allow its ejected opponents to return to their homes in peace; and the fire made fresh fuel for itself; for the one thing that the exiles found for their hands to do was to enlist as mercenary soldiers: and this glut of military man-power put fresh drive into the wars by which new exiles - and thereby more mercenaries - were being created.The effect of these direct moral ravages of the war spirit in Hellas in uprooting her children was powerfully reinforced by the operation of disruptive economic forces which the wars let loose.。
中国社会科学院马克思主义研究系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
余斌
①1001 英语、1002 日语、1003 俄语、 1004 德语、1011 越南语选一 ②2082 马克思主义基本原理 ③3159 政治经济学
李慎明
①1001 英语、1002 日语、1003 俄语、 1004 德语、1011 越南语选一 ②2082 马克思主义基本原理 ③3160 马克思主义发展史
义历史命运的战略沉思》（获院第四届优秀科研成果二等奖）、《马克思主义哲学与现
时代》（合著，获院第二届优秀著作奖）、《中国共产党和中国之命运》（合著）、《认
识发生论》（合著）、《思维世界导论》（合著，获教育部社科专著一等奖）、《马克
思主义哲学基础教程》（主编）、《现代哲学思维的智慧》（主编）、《毛泽东人生价
301 马克思主义
研究系 （8）
030203 科学社会主 义与国际共 产主义运动
(2)
030501 马克思主义 基本原理
(2)
02 科学社会主义 与中国特色社会
主义
03 科学社会主义 史
01 中外马克思主 义经济学
02 中外社会主义 市场经济理论与
政策
李崇富
①1001 英语、1002 日语、1003 俄语、 1004 德语、1011 越南语选一 ②2082 马克思主义基本原理 ③3158 科学社会主义基本原理
冯颜利
①1001 英语、1002 日语、1003 俄语、 1004 德语、1011 越南语选一 ②2082 马克思主义基本原理 ③3162 国外马克思主义
资料来源育明教育官网：（考博分校） 考博考试信息、辅导课程可咨询育明教育考博分校
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
值理论研究》（主编）、合著和主撰《马克思主义世界观人生观价值观教育读本》和《马
中国社会科学院投资经济系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
微调论；新政府干预论。主要学术论文：今年稳定物价的政策着力点；经济高增长果实
没有真正落实在国民福利；析中国经济持续快速增长支撑因素；政府下一步应当继续微
调利率；调整出口导向政策扩大国民消费需求；经济并未总体过热宏观调控仍需“点刹”；
“十一五”时期我国经济快速增长的动力；调控产能过剩要防止紧缩过度；当前经济形
研究方向为宏观经济和区域经济，出版有《走向 2020：中国中长期发展的挑战和对 策》（2011 年）、《调整和转型——中国经济发展战略和中长期规划研究》（2009 年）、《“十 一五”时期中国经济社会发展的若干重大问题研究》（2005 年）、《21 世纪初期中国经济 社会发展战略》（2005 年）、《知识经济与中国经济发展》（2000 年）、《中国区域经济政 策研究》（1998 年）《广州迈向国家中心城市的战略选择》（2012 年）、《珠海发展战略研 究》（2009 年）等著作。在《人民日报》、《光明日报》、《经济日报》、《求是》、《经济研 究》、《宏观经济研究》、《宏观经济管理》、《经济理论与经济管理》等报刊上发表论文和 文章上百篇。近年来承担的课题主要有：2012 年中财办课题《加快转变经济发展方式研 究》、2009 年中财办课题《关于国民经济结构调整战略研究》、2008 年国家发改委课题 《“十二五”时期经济社会发展的总体思路及目标研究》、2006 年中财办课题《调整经济 结构和转变经济增长方式问题研究》等。2001、2003、2004、2006 年分获国家发改委优 秀研究成果奖一等奖，2000 年和 2013 年分获国家发改委优秀研究成果奖二等奖。
臧跃茹，1964 年 11 月出生。现任国家发展和改革委员会经济研究所副所长，研究 员，博士生导师。
主要从事有关宏观经济、体制改革、产业政策、微观企业制度、企业竞争力理论等 方面的研究，尤其在国有资产管理体制、国有企业改革、国有经济布局与结构调整、外 资并购管理政策、企业发展中长期规划和战略研究领域等方面有着研究与咨询服务方面 的经验。主要著作：大型企业集团发展政策研究，中国企业集团体制模式，企业改组与 结构调整，中外企业联姻，打破地方市场分割。
中国社会科学院社会发展系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院社会发展系考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目508社会发展系(4)030301社会学(4)01社会组织与社会结构李汉林①1001英语②2080社会理论、历史与方法（社发系）③3152社会组织与社会结构02发展社会学沈红①1001英语②2080社会理论、历史与方法（社发系）③3153发展社会学03社会发展政策葛道顺①1001英语②2080社会理论、历史与方法（社发系）③3154社会发展政策二、导师介绍李汉林，社会发展系博士生导师。
1953年11月出生于湖北省。
1983年毕业于德国比勒菲尔特大学（Bielefeld University），社会学博士学位。
现任中国社会科学院社会发展战略研究院院长、研究员，国际社会转型研究学会执行委员会执行委员、国际社会科学理事会执行委员。
学科专业：社会学，主要研究方向：社会组织与社会结构，社会发展与社会变迁，制度社会学。
主要著作：《中国社会发展年度报告（2012）》，2012；《社会景气与社会信心研究》，2012；《中国单位社会》，2004；《中国单位组织变迁过程中的失范效应》，2005。
主要学术论文：“转型社会中的整合与控制》，2007；《关于中国单位制度变迁的思考》，2007；《变迁中的单位制度》，2008主要承担课题：2006-2009年，国家社科基金重点项目，“中国制度变迁过程中的员工参与”；2007-2009年，中国社会科学院重大课题，“90年代以来工会的角色与作用”；2007-2009年，中德合作课题，“转型时期中国企业的员工参与”；2010-2013年，交办课题，“中国发展经验研究”主要获奖情况：2007年，《中国单位社会》获第六届中国社会科学院科研成果二等奖，荣誉称号：人社部“百千万人才”、享受国务院特殊津贴。
沈红，社会发展系博士生导师。
1965年5月出生于北京。
社科院博士生入学考试英语试题
中国社会科学院研究生院2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷英语（B卷）2017年3月11日8:30–11:30答题说明1.请考生按照答题卡的要求填写相关内容。
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请将以下题目的答案填写在答题卡上。
PART I:Cloze(20points)Directions:Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank.During the mid–1980s,my family and I spent a__(1)__year in the historic town of St. Andrews,paring life there with life in America,we were impressed by a__(2)__ disconnection between national wealth and well-being.To most Americans,Scottish life would have seemed__(3)__.Incomes were about half that in the U.S.Among families in the Kingdom of Fife surrounding St.Andrews,44percent did not own a car,and we never met a family that owned two.Central heating in this place__(4)__south of Iceland was,at that time,still a luxury.In hundreds of conversations during our year there and during three half summer stays since,we ___(5)___notice that,___(6)___their simpler living,the Scots appeared___(7)___joyful than Americans.We heard complaints about Margaret Thatcher,but never about being underpaid or unable to afford wants.Within any country,such as our own,are rich people happier?In poor countries,being relatively well off does make__(8)__somewhat better well off.But in affluent countries,where nearly everyone can afford life’s necessities,increasing affluence matters__(9)__little.In the U.S.,Canada,and Europe,the correlation between income and happiness is,as University of Michigan researcher noted in a1980s16–nation study,“virtually__(10)__”.Happiness is lower __(11)__the very poor.But once comfortable,more money provides diminishing returns.Even very rich people are only slightly happier than average.With net worth all___(12)___ $100million,providing___(13)___money to buy things they don’t need and hardly care about,4 in5of the49people responding to survey agreed that“Money can increase or decrease happiness, depending on how it is used”.And some were indeed unhappy.One fabulously__(14)__man said he could never remember being happy.One woman reported that money__(15)__misery caused by her children’s’problems.At the other end of life’s circumstances are most victims of disabling tragedies.Yet,remarkably, most eventually recover a near-normal level of day-to-day happiness.Thus,university students who must cope with disabilities are__(16)__able-bodied students to report themselves happy,and their friends agree with their self-perceptions.We have__(17)__the American dream of achieved wealth and well-being by comparing rich and unrich countries,and rich and unrich people.That leaves the final question:Over time,does happiness rise with affluence?Typically not.Lottery winners appear to gain but a temporary jolt of joy from their winnings. On a small scale,a jump in our income can boost our morale,for a while.But in the long run, neither an ice cream cone nor a new car nor becoming rich and famous produces the same feelings of delight that it initially___(18)___.Happiness is not the result of being rich,but a__(19)__ consequence of having recently become richer.Wealth,it therefore seems,is like health:Although its utter absence can breed misery,having it does not guarantee happiness.Happiness is__(20)__a matter of getting what we want than of wanting what we have.1. a.underpaid b.prosperous c.affluent d.sabbatical2. a.assumed b.seeming c.seemed d.seemly3. a.precarious b.imprudent c.spartan d.gallant4. a.not far b.as far as c.far from d.far to5. a.virtually b.remarkably c.ideally d.repeatedly6. a.forasmuch b.despite c.considering d.inasmuch7. a.no less b.less c.more d.no more8. a.for b.up c.out d.over9. a.scarely b.intentionally c.surprisingly d.provisionally10.a.diminishing b.negligible c.tripled d.perceivable11.a.in b.on c.upon d.among12.a.exceeded b.exceeding c.excess d.excessive13.a.utter b.messy c.greedy d.ample14.a.prosperous b.triumphant c.jubilant d.victorious15.a.could undo b.could intensifyc.could not undod.could not intensify16.a.as plausible as b.not as plausible asc.as likely asd.not as likely as17.a.ventilated b.deliberated c.speculated d.scrutinized18.a.does b.did c.has done d.is19.a.new b.favorite c.temporary d.normal20.a.more b.less c.better d.worsePART II:Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:Choose the best answers based on the information in the passages below. Passage1In the1960s and’70s of the last unlamented century,there was a New York television producer named David Susskind.He was commercially successful;he was also,surprisingly,a man of strong political views which he knew how to present so tactfully that networks were often unaware of just what he was getting away with on their—our—air.Politically,he liked to get strong-minded guests to sit with him at a round table in a ratty building at the corner of Broadway and42nd Street.Sooner or later,just about everyone of interest appeared on his program.Needless to say,he also had time for Vivien Leigh to discuss her recent divorce from Laurence Olivier,which summoned forth the mysterious cry from the former Scarlett O’Hara,“I am deeply sorry for any woman who was not married to Larry Olivier.”Since this took in several billion ladies(not to mention those gentlemen who might have offered to fill,as it were,the breach),Leigh caused a proper stir,as did the ballerina Alicia Markova,who gently assured us that“a Markova comes only once every hundred years or so.”I suspect it was the dim lighting on the set that invited such naked truths.David watched his pennies.I don’t recall how,or when,we began our“States of the Union”programs.But we did them year after year.I would follow whoever happened to be president,and I’d correct his“real”State of the Union with one of my own,improvising from questions that David would prepare.I was a political pundit because in a1960race for the House of Representatives(upstate New York), I got more votes than the head of the ticket,JFK;in1962,I turned down the Democratic nomination for U.S.Senate on the sensible ground that it was not winnable;I also had a pretty good memory in those days,now a-jangle with warning bells as I try to recall the national debt or,more poignantly,where I last saw my glasses.I’ve just come across my“State of the Union”as of1972.In1972,I begin:“According to the polls,our second principal concern today is the breakdown of law and order.”(What,I wonder,was the first?Let’s hope it was the pointless,seven-year—at that point—war in Southeast Asia.)I noted that to those die-hard conservatives,“law and order”is usually a code phrase meaning“get the blacks.”While,to what anorexic,vacant-eyed blonde women on TV now describe as the“liberal elite,”we were pushing the careful—that is,slow—elimination of poverty.But then,I say very mildly,we have only one political party in the United States,the Property Party,with two right wings,Republican and Democrat.Since I tended to speak to conservative audiences in such civilized places as Medford,Oregon;Parkersburg,West Virginia;and Longview,Washington,there are,predictably,a few gasps at this rejection of so much received opinion.There are also quite a few nods from interested citizens who find it difficult at election time to tell the parties apart.Was it in pristine Medford that I actually saw the nodding Ralph Nader whom I was,to his horror,to run for president that year in Esquire?Inspired by the nods,I start to geld the lily,as the late Sam Goldwyn used to say.The Republicans are often more doctrinaire than the Democrats,who are willing to make small—very small—adjustments where the poor and black are concerned while giving aid and comfort to the anti-imperialists.Comprehension Questions:21.We may understand Alicia Markova to be______________.a.A current popular figure in the United Statesb.A much sought-after interview subjectc.A popular,rather than intellectual,interview subjectd.A Russian defector to the United States22.In the passage,the author reminds the reader that the broadcast bands are______________.e.invariably used for the public good b.private,rather than public,propertyc.public,rather than private,propertyd.fair and balanced23.The author now finds it difficult to______________.a.run for Senateb.differentiate between a Republican and a Democratc.remember details or informationd.identify code-words in the media24.The author observes that anti-crime initiatives by America’s political right often either result inor are based upon______________.a.the desire to eliminate povertyb.protection of propertyc.the State of the Uniond.profiling.25.The author was invited to participate in Suskind’s television programs because______________.a.of his varied political experiencef.he turned down the Democratic nomination for U.S.Senateg.his knowledge of Larry Olivierh.his status as an anti-imperialistPassage2Chicag’s segregation of minorities is as old as the city itself.The African-American neighborhoods of today’s South and West sides are located in exactly the same parts of the city as the African-American neighborhoods of1910.And from1930to today,these African America neighborhoods have been represented in Congress and in the state house by African-American politicians,who have done very little(other than pass Federal benefit programs)to lift African-Americans out of poverty.In the2000Census,for example,of the ten poorest census tracts in the entire United States,nine were located in the South and West Side African-American areas ruled by African-American congressmen Bobby Rush and Jesse Jackson Jr.The concept of Western Imperial Colonialism is very popular in the literature of racial exploitation.The continent of Africa was divided up into“colonies”by the major European Imperial powers in a very short period of time:just seven years,from1885to1892.Previously,Britain had seized vast territories belonging to other cultures for hundreds of years.But in20th century America a new type of colony was invented:American urban colonies in the large metropolitan areas from the Midwest and Northeast to Los Angeles.These were made possible by the Great Migration of African-Americans from the South to the North,which began during WWI.As they moved north,African-Americans were immediately confined to ghettoes defined by racial boundaries.No one doubts that this segregation was done intentionally.But it’s important to realize that this segregation was not created by the racist attitudes of the residents of Chicago(Chicago never had slaves)but by the ruling political elite.As soon as the African-American population of Chicago began to expand,the Great Depression hit and put many persons out of work.FDR’s response to this was to create the New Deal programs of welfare,food assistance,and subsidized housing.While this greatly helped unemployed persons of all races,for African-Americans it began the ghettoization of their people into what can only be called urban colonies in the large cities of the north.The pattern seen in the 20largest cities of the United States from1920to2010is remarkably consistent.In192019of the twenty largest cities were all located in the North.All of these nineteen cities were from92.5%to 99%white.The one exception was Baltimore,MD and that was85%white.It had a slightly larger black population only because it was a port of entry for the slave trade.Similarly,all of these cities saw great increases in their black populations starting in1920.By1990these cities were from26to 76%black.These cities did not lose whites because African-Americans moved in.Rather,it is more accurate to say that Americans are a highly migratory group,and the big cities were ports of entry for European immigrants.So as whites left,politicians wanted to maintain their population numbers. By the2010Census the cities with the highest black populations were Detroit,MI,which was83% black,and Newark,NJ which was52%.(Sources:Census paper No.76and Census2010Quick facts).And since in all the major industrial cities of the North,the destinations of job-seeking African-American migrants were controlled by Democrats,it is overwhelmingly clear that these great pockets of urban poverty were created and maintained by that one political party.Tragically all of these cities have very high rates of segregation,poor education for African-Americans;high unemployment,single motherhood,and crime.In Chicago,“negro wards”as they were then called, were quickly drawn up:their boundaries reflected(and promoted)the racial segregation of the time. Their political representatives were African-American,and they were expected to deliver votes tothe Democratic Party.Most Americans don’t know that Chicago is the center for black politics. Furthermore,since Lincoln freed the slaves,African-Americans in Chicago voted for Republicans, until a Democratic Mayor,Anton Cermak,took over;fired all the thousands of African-Americans who Republicans had given city government jobs,and took over the black vote.Since that time Chicago's African-Americans have been represented exclusively by black politicians,and always lived in poverty.What made the black submachine of Chicago possible was that Chicago already had in place a Democratic Machine.Exploitation is promulgated by urban Democrats as a way to manipulate residents and keep themselves in power.What makes the American Urban Colonialism plan so revolutionary and ingenious is that it does not rely on agreements with foreign governments; the market price of iron ore,or cotton for profits;but on Federal benefit programs.These program dollars are infinitely more reliable and politically stable.Comprehension Questions:26.According to the essay,American cities lost white residents due to______________.a.white voter’s minority rule in the Republican partyb.the influx of European immigrantsc.the migratory nature of Americansd.ghettoization by African-Americans27.The essays convincingly demonstrates that_______________.a.power is more important than peopleb.white Americans are essentially racistc.the Civil War was fought for nothingd.slave trade determined the fate of ethnic minorities in American cities28.The Democratic Machine in Chicago provides incentives in the form of_______________.a.segregation of minoritiesb.high unemployment,single motherhood,and crimec.federal benefit programsd.negro wards29.Obama moved to Chicago because________________.a.the black submachine already had in place a Democratic Machineb.Chicago is the center for black politicsc.the Great Migration of directed African-Americans from the South to the Northd.Chicago is the most segregated city in America30.According to the author,American urban colonialism is the result of_______________.a.the ghettoization of African-American people in American citiesb.the segregation of minoritiesc.the political clientelism of the black submachined.western imperial colonialism in AfricaPassage3It is a well-known hypothesis that newborns can immediately identify the smell of their mother’s amniotic fluid;other than this one potential exception,taste in fragrance can be thought of as nurtured in totality by experience and influence.There is,of course,an argument that nature intervenes to temper a subject’s agency by inducing unfavorable reactions to harmful and poisonous materials that causes a negative olfactory association,for example,the smell of rotten food becoming linked to the experience of food poisoning.However,in most cases the process of deciding bad from good smells is controlled by societal(parental)censorship and its converse—public appreciation.This logic is akin to the French philosopher Louis Althusser’s theory of interpellation in relation to subjectivity and identity-making.For Althusser,human subjectivity (arguably comparable to consciousness itself)is a type of ideology.In Althusser’s view it is impossible to avoid the ideology of subjectivity and for this reason subjects are‘always already interpellated’,even before they are born.Althusser’s philosophy essentially argues that one cannot see oneself outside of ideology and one’s identity is formed by mirroring oneself in the ideology already present.In relation to(olfactory)taste-making,this is significant as taste can be thought of as a subset of subjectivity and therefore choosing a fragrance is an interpellating activity that paradoxically both affirms and displaces a subject’s sense of free agency.The hail comes from marketing and emotive retail experiences;the ideology that of personal enhancement;the moment of interpellation taking place at the point of sale.There are,in my opinion,pertinent links to be made between interpellation and the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan’s work on the mirror stage in infants.This is described by Lacan as the moment when a child sees themselves for the first time in a(conceptual)mirror,recognizes themselves as the image in the mirror,and dissociates the belief in a fragmented body with a visual wholeness threatened by literal and metaphorical fragmentation(of their own body/of the replication of their body in the mirror),resulting in a tension between the physical body and the imaged body.It is also the moment when the child is able to apperceive—the concept of seeing oneself outside of oneself as an object.In an attempt to alleviate this tension, Lacan argues that the child then fully identifies itself with the image,and as a result the Ego is formed through visual means,resulting in a temporary cognitive jubilation in the baby’s apparent mastery over its own image.As Althusser,Lacan sees the ideology of subjectivity as a prerequisite of a developed consciousness.Once this has happened,further understanding of self-presentation and self-fashioning can begin that govern one’s own identity-formation for the rest of life.Although babies are aware of the fragrance stimuli around them at a young age,including the peculiarities of smells produced by them,I would argue that the moment of what I term mature olfactory apperception happens much later than other forms of practical self-awareness and tends to occur around puberty when issues of olfactory urgency arise around bodily changes.I am arguing that the recognition of one’s own scent in a conceptual olfactory mirror at that moment in life gives rise to a strong sense of olfactory hierarchy and cements involuntary links between ideology and perfume.It is no coincidence then that so many fragrance-lovers comment that their interest developed around their teens.To explicate the term further,it can be reasoned that recognition of the difference between personal and external smells in babies in relation to subjectivity is fairly limited,just as is the understanding of the imaged self before the mirror stage.However,given that Lacan argues that the Ego is initially formed through cognitive contradictions in image,the sense of sight is given immediate priority over the other senses,as the baby comprehends the significance of its own bodily image through its presence in social situations.However,the significance of its own smellsis not a subject treated with as much codified authority and therefore little olfactory context is given to the subject.As one approaches puberty and begins to apperceive the idea of a personal whole scent as opposed to a fragmented olfactory reality scent is suddenly put into an important,codified, and relevant context—a context of‘them,me,dirty,clean,sexual’.This is the moment of mature olfactory apperception.Comprehension Questions:31.With the possible exception of an infant’s ability to identify the smell of the amniotic fluid,tastein fragrance is_________________.a.naturalb.artificialc.objectived.subjective32.Mature olfactory apperception is achieved at the moment of_________________.a.pubertyb.fully developed consciousness of one’s own scentc.full comprehension of the significance of one’s own bodily imaged.a visual wholeness threatened by literal and metaphorical fragmentation33.Personal style and choice of a fragrance can be seen as__________________.a.codified authorityb.a conceptual olfactory mirrorc.a subset of subjectivityd.a fragmented olfactory reality34.Apperception can be defined as the induction of the self as__________________.a.an objectb.a subjectc.an imaged.an ego35.According to the author,a teenager’s choice of perfume__________________.a.depends on him/herselfb.is conditioned by ideologyc.is decided by a codified authority.d.is decided by commercePassage4A Cyborg Manifesto is an essay written by Donna Haraway,in which the concept of the cyborg is a rejection of rigid boundaries,notably those separating“human”from“animal”and “human”from“machine”.She writes:“The cyborg does not dream of community on the model of the organic family,this time without the oedipal project.The cyborg would not recognize the Garden of Eden;it is not made of mud and cannot dream of returning to dust.”The Manifesto criticizes traditional notions of feminism,particularly feminist focuses on identity politics,and encouraging instead coalition through affinity.She uses the metaphor of a cyborg to urge feminists to move beyond the limitations of traditional gender,feminism,and politics.Marisa Olson summarized Haraway’s thoughts as a belief that there is no distinction between natural life and artificial man-made machines.Haraway begins the Manifesto by explaining three boundary breakdowns since the20th Century that have allowed for her hybrid,cyborg myth:the breakdown of boundaries between human and animal,animal-human and machine,and physical and non-physical.Evolution has blurred the lines between human and animal;20th Century machines have made ambiguous the lines between natural and artificial;and microelectronics and the politicalinvisibility of cyborgs have confused the lines of physicality.Haraway highlights the problematic use and justification of Western traditions like patriarchy,colonialism,essentialism,and naturalism (among others).These traditions in turn allow for the problematic formations of taxonomies and what Haraway explains as antagonistic dualisms that order Western discourse.These dualisms, Haraway states,have all been systematic to the logics and practices of domination of women, people of color,nature,workers,animals...all those constituted as others.However,high-tech culture provides a challenge to these antagonistic dualisms.Haraway’s cyborg theory rejects the notions of essentialism,proposing instead a chimeric,monstrous world of fusions between animal and machine.Cyborg theory relies on writing as“the technology of cyborgs”,as“cyborg politics is the struggle for language and the struggle against perfect communication,against the one code that translates all meaning perfectly,the central dogma of phallogocentrism”.Instead,Haraway’s cyborg calls for a non-essentialized,material-semiotic metaphor capable of uniting diffuse political coalitions along the lines of affinity rather than identity.Following Lacanian feminists such as Luce Irigaray,Haraway’s work addresses the chasm between feminist discourses and the dominant language of Western patriarchy.As Haraway explains,“grammar is politics by other means,”and effective politics require speaking in the language of domination.As she details in a chart of the paradigmatic shifts from modern to postmodern epistemology within the Manifesto,the unified human subject of identity has shifted to the hybridized posthuman of technoscience,from “representation”to“simulation,”“bourgeois novel”to“science fiction,”“reproduction”to “replication,”and“white capitalist patriarchy”to“informatics of domination.”While Haraway’s “ironic dream of a common language”is inspired by Irigaray’s argument for a discourse other than patriarchy,she rejects Irigaray’s essentializing construction of woman-as-not-male to argue for a linguistic community of situated,partial knowledges in which no one is innocent.Although Haraway's metaphor of the cyborg has been labelled as a post-gender statement,Haraway has clarified her stance on post-genderism in recent interviews.She acknowledges that her argument in the Manifesto seeks to challenge the necessity for categorization of gender,but does not correlate this argument to post-genderism.She clarifies this distinction because post-genderism is often associated with the discourse of the utopian concept of being beyond masculinity and femininity. Haraway notes that gender constructs are still prevalent and meaningful,but are troublesome and should therefore be eliminated as categories for identity.Comprehension Questions:36.According to the text,a cybernetic organism or cyborg must be understood as________________.a.a gender-neutral constructb.a robotc.a posthuman speculative beingd.neither organic nor inorganic37.Haraway poses that gender constructs should be eliminated as categories for identity because________________.a.the paradigmatic shifts from modern to postmodern epistemologyb.post-genderism is often associated with the discourse of the utopian conceptc.they pose an antagonistic dualismd.they pose a non-essential,material-semiotic metaphor38.According to Haraway manicheisms are in competition with one another,creating paradoxicalrelations of domination,particularly________________.a.God/manb.right/wrongc.self/otherd.one/other39.The cyborg is a________________.a.metaphorb.mechanical productc.animistic conceptanic hybrid40.A sonographic fetus would in many ways be the ultimate cyborg because_______________.a.it is“created”in a space of virtualityb.it is neither male nor femalec.it is simultaneously human and animald.it is politically invisible请将以下题目的答案填写在答题纸上。
中国社会科学院历史系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
出题信息和导师信息进行高命中押题。
六、考博特别注意事项
（一）关于招考类别：社科院招收的博士研究生均为纳入全国研究生招生计划的全日制
博士生，根据考生报考时的身份区分为非在职和在职两类。
1、非在职：非在职考生入学前（最迟在入学当年 9 月 30 日前）必须将人事档案转
入社科院，且中途不得转出，毕业时按毕业生和用人单位“双向选择”的方式，落实就
第五，时事热点话题分析。博士生导师在选择博士的时候会一般都会偏重考查考生 运用基础理论知识来解决现实热点问题的能力，这一点在初试和复试中都有体现。近几 年的真题中都会有联系实际的热点分析。所以考生在复习备考时就应单多阅读一些本专 业本学科的最新研究方向研究成果，权威的期刊上面“大牛们”都在关心、探讨什么话 题，以及一些时事热点问题能不能运用本专业的知识来加以解释解决。 四、社科院考博英语
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
下单。 育明教育考博分校专注于北京地区高校的考博英语及专业课课程辅导。根植育明学
校深厚的高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员 构建考研考博成功的基础保障，辅导学员人数及辅导成绩连续多年稳居第一。针对清华 大学各专业的考博开设的辅导课程包括：考博英语课程班、考博专业课课程班、申请制 课程班、高端协议班。历年考博课程班的通过率均超过 80%。 五、考博专业课
变迁与社会发展》(专著)、《在历史的深处》(论文集)、《略论清朝中央权力分配体制— —对内阁、军机处和皇权关系的再认识》、《马克思主义与二十世纪中国学术道路》等。
杨珍，中国社会科学院研究生院历史系博士研究生导师。1955 年 6 月出生于北京。 1989 年毕业于中国社会科学院研究生院历史系，获历史学硕士学位。现任中国社会科学 院历史研究所副所长、研究员、学术委员会委员、专业技术职务评审委员会委员。
中国社会科学院哲学系美学专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院哲学系美学专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目302哲学系(12)010106美学(1)01现当代美学研究徐碧辉①1001英语、1003俄语选一②2046美学理论基础③3083现当代美学二、导师介绍徐碧辉：哲学系硕士生导师，1963年出生。
现任中国社会科学院哲学研究所研究员，中华美学学会秘书长。
从事美学专业研究，主要研究方向为马克思主义美学、文艺美学、中国传统美学、审美教育学等。
主要著作有：《实践中的美学——中国现代性启蒙和新世纪美学建构》（2005年），《思辨的想象——20世纪中国美学主题史》（2003年），《有中国特色社会主义文化研究》（2001年）。
主要论文有：《美与和谐及其社会建构》（2008年），《从人类学实践本体论到个体生存论——再论李泽厚的实践美学》（2008年），《情本体——实践美学的个体生存论维度》（2007年），《从实践美学看生态美学》（2005年），《21世纪马克思主义美学的构想》（2002年），《实践美学的反思与展望国际学术研讨会综述》（2006年），《让传统进入生活—中国传统美学的继承与创新》（2003年）。
育明教育考博分校解析：考博如果能够提前联系导师的话，不论是在备考信息的获取，还是在复试的过程中，都会有极大的帮助，甚至是决定性的帮助。
育明教育考博分校经过这些年的积淀可以协助学员考生联系以上导师。
三、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：柒柒，贰陆柒捌，伍叁柒，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
中国社会科学院美国研究系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
中国社会科学院美国研究系考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目605美国研究系（4）020105世界经济(1)01美国经济王孜弘①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3174当代美国经济030207国际关系(3)01美国社会与美国文化姬虹①1001英语②2093当代美国社会文化变迁③3175美国史02美国政治倪峰①1001英语②2090美国政治制度③3175美国史赵梅①1001英语②2090美国政治制度③3175美国史二、导师介绍王孜弘，美国系博士生导师。
1960年7月出生于北京。
2003年毕业于中国社会科学院研究生院世界经济与政治系，获经济学博士学位。
现任中国社会科学院美国研究所经济室主任，研究员，中国美国经济学会副会长。
研究领域为世界经济，研究方向：美国经济。
主要著作：《资本趋利与市场开放――美国对发展中国家的经济关系》，社会科学文献出版社2004年12月出版。
主要学术论文：《中美经济实力差------以GDP为角度衡量》（2013年），《短期条件下中美面临的减排博弈分析》，2012年，《中国增长模式与中美经贸关系》(2007年)，《美国商品输出与中国市场问题》(2000年)，《中美宏观经济环境差异对股票市场的影响》(1996年)<<美国投资银行与中国境外直接筹资>>(1998年)等。
承担中国社会科学院重点课题《美国资本流动》（2008），完成后出版《《美国资本流动—非成本要素与对外直接投资流向分析》（2011）。
姬虹，美国系硕士生导师。
1964年3月出生于北京市。
1989年毕业于北京大学，硕士学位。
任中国社会科学院美国研究所社会文化室主任、研究员。
国际关系专业，研究方向美国移民政策、种族关系等。
主要著作《美国新移民研究：1965年至今》（2008年）、学术论文“美国外来移民对城市的影响”（2008年）、“美国人口种族构成的变化及其影响”（2013年）等。
2024年中国社会科学院大学801经济学考博真题回忆版及答案解析
2024年中国社会科学院大学801经济学考博真题回忆版及答案解析（一）厂商成本函数为C（Q）=F+0.5a Q21．求厂商的规模报酬区间2．厂商的供给函数3．若市场需求函数为P=A-b Q（A,b均为正数），市场由该厂商唯一供给，且厂商是价格接受者，在什么条件下存在唯一的市场均衡？【育明教育解析】1.AC=C Q=F Q+12aQ当F Q=12Aq，即Q=2F a时，AC取最小值2aF故Q在0，2F a2F a，+∞上规模不经济1.MC=dC dQ=aQ=p∴供给函数为Q=P a，（p≥2aF）0，（p<2aF）2.p=A−bQQ=P a=>p=aA a+b，Q=A a+b唯一均衡存在的条件是：p=aA a+b≥2aF（二）有a，b两人，消费物品1,2。
效用函数分别为，，a，b 的禀赋分别为（9,3）和（12,6）1．求1和2的超额需求函数，并验证瓦尔拉斯法则2．求均衡价格3．若经济禀赋为（21,9），写出契约线方程。
【育明教育解析】1.对a来说，maxx1a,x2a ln x1a+2ln x2a s.t.p1x1a+p2x2a≤9p1+3p2用lagrangean 乘子法，得：1x 1a =λP 12x 2a =λP 2=>2x 1a P 1=2x 2ap 2代入约束式并取等号解得：x 1a =3+P 2p 1，x 2a =2+6P 1p 2同理，对b 来说，解得：x 1b =4+2P 2p 1，x 2b =4+8P 1p 2∴z 1（P 1）=x 1a +x 1b−21=3P 2p 1−14；z 2（P 2）=x 2a +x 2b−9=14P 1p 2−3∴z 1（P 1）∙P 1+z 2（P 2）∙P 2=0，满足walras 法则2.令z 1（P 1）=0，得：P 2p 1=1433.在契约线上，应有两人的边际替代率相等，即∂U a∂x 1a ∂U a∂x 2a =∂U b∂x 1b ∂U b ∂x 2b ∴1x 1a 2x 2a =121−x 1a 19−x 2a =>9x 1a =21x 2a ，或写成x 2a =37x 1a（以a 的坐标轴）（三）三个小国1，2，3，其中1，2为生产国，3为消费国。
中国社会科学院农村发展系考博真题导师分数线内部资料
01 农村组织
③3007 农业经济学
与制度（01)
苑鹏
①1001 英语、1002 日语选一 ②2001 经济学原理
③3007 农业经济学
403 农村发展系
（10）
①1001 英语、1002 日语选一
张晓山 ②2002 管理学原理
02 农村组织
③3007 农业经济学
120301 与制度（02）
①1001 英语、1002 日语选一
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
①1001 英语、1002 日语选一
孙若梅 ②2001 经济学原理
25 生态经济 学（25）
③3007 农业经济学 ①1001 英语、1002 日语选一 于法稳 ②2001 经济学原理
③3007 农业经济学
潘晨光，农村发展系博士生导师。现任农村发展研究所研究员、党委书记、副所长， 享受政府特殊津贴。
专业为农业经济管理，研究方向为农村人才与人力资源管理。主要著作：《中国人 才发展报告》1-10 卷、《中国城乡统筹发展报告》、《中国民间组织报告》、《中国人才发 展 60 年》、《中国人才前沿》1-5 卷、《社会科学前沿问题思考》、《中国博士后学术报告》， 等。在《中国人口科学》、《瞭望》等期刊上发表多篇学术论文。主持完成国家信息化专 项规划重大研究课题《我国信息化人才战略研究报告》、院重大项目《中外国家功勋荣 誉制度研究》、《人才国际竞争力》，以及中国社会科学院博士后国情调研项目《中国职 业教育发展研究》、《中国社会工作人才队伍建设研究》、《中国农村人才与人力资源能力 建设》等。
资料来源育明教育官网：（考博分校） 考博考试信息、辅导课程可咨询育明教育考博分校
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博刘老师
社科院经济学原理历年考博试题[1]
![社科院经济学原理历年考博试题[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/986ffc2158fb770bf78a5523.png)
社科院2001-2007年考博经济学原理试题2007年社科院博士入学考试题目之经济学原理一、名词解释1、折旧2、寡头垄断3、流动性陷阱4、消费者剩余5、资本项目二、简述题15分每题1、剩余价值生产既不发生在流通领域，又不能离开流通领域。
2、巴罗-李嘉图等价命题的基本要点三、论述题论述消费和投资的关系以及在当前我国的表现形态及评价。
2006年社科院博士入学考试题目之经济学原理一．名词解释（4*5=20分）1 无差异曲线2 流动性陷阱3 菲利普斯曲线4资本有机构成二、问答题（2*15=30分）1 加速原理及其基本要点。
2 外延式粗放型经济增长与内涵式集约型经济增长的异同点。
三、论述题（2*25=50分）1 垄断资本主义特点“恰恰不是工业资本的统治，而是金融资本的统治”。
2 科学发展观的基本内涵及其实践意义2005年社科院博士入学考试题目之经济学原理一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分，答案每题不能少于30字）1、环比价格指数（chain price index)2、萨谬尔森均衡（Samuelson Equilibrium)3、铸币税（Seigniorage)4、试验经济学（Experimental economics)二、简答（每题10分，共20分，答案不少于300字）1、新古典宏观经济学与新凯恩斯主义经济学的基本理论有哪些主要区别？2、简述比较优势原理的基本要点。
三、论述（每题30分，共60分。
每题答案不少于1000字）1、剩余价值的生产过程是劳动过程与价值增值过程的统一。
2、当前我国出现的“民工荒”及其政治经济学涵义。
2004年社科院博士入学考试题目之经济学原理一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1、需求弹性2、基尼系数3、汇价4、垄断二、简要回答（每题10分，共20分）1、人力资本投资的边际收益是递增的么？2、何谓帕累脱效率准则？三、论述（每题30分，共60分。
每题答案不少于1000字）1、简论生产要素按贡献分配与商品价值决定的关系。
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中国社会科学院美国研究系考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目605美国研究系（4）020105世界经济(1)01美国经济王孜弘①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3174当代美国经济030207国际关系(3)01美国社会与美国文化姬虹①1001英语②2093当代美国社会文化变迁③3175美国史02美国政治倪峰①1001英语②2090美国政治制度③3175美国史赵梅①1001英语②2090美国政治制度③3175美国史二、导师介绍王孜弘，美国系博士生导师。
1960年7月出生于北京。
2003年毕业于中国社会科学院研究生院世界经济与政治系，获经济学博士学位。
现任中国社会科学院美国研究所经济室主任，研究员，中国美国经济学会副会长。
研究领域为世界经济，研究方向：美国经济。
主要著作：《资本趋利与市场开放――美国对发展中国家的经济关系》，社会科学文献出版社2004年12月出版。
主要学术论文：《中美经济实力差------以GDP为角度衡量》（2013年），《短期条件下中美面临的减排博弈分析》，2012年，《中国增长模式与中美经贸关系》(2007年)，《美国商品输出与中国市场问题》(2000年)，《中美宏观经济环境差异对股票市场的影响》(1996年)<<美国投资银行与中国境外直接筹资>>(1998年)等。
承担中国社会科学院重点课题《美国资本流动》（2008），完成后出版《《美国资本流动—非成本要素与对外直接投资流向分析》（2011）。
姬虹，美国系硕士生导师。
1964年3月出生于北京市。
1989年毕业于北京大学，硕士学位。
任中国社会科学院美国研究所社会文化室主任、研究员。
国际关系专业，研究方向美国移民政策、种族关系等。
主要著作《美国新移民研究：1965年至今》（2008年）、学术论文“美国外来移民对城市的影响”（2008年）、“美国人口种族构成的变化及其影响”（2013年）等。
承担课题“美国新华侨华人与中国发展”（中国社会科学院院重大课题2010年）、“华侨华人在国家软实力建设中的作用研究”子课题之五：“华侨华人与现当代中国对外形象和国家发展道路之研究”（教育部哲学社会科学研究重大委托项目，2010年）、“美国新移民研究”（中国社会科学院院重点课题2005年）等。
倪峰，美国系博士生导师。
1963年8月出生于陕西省宝鸡市。
中国社会科学院美国研究所副所长、研究员，美国研究系系主任，中华美国学会副会长兼秘书长，中国社会科学院第八届国际研究学部研究系列正高级专业技术资格评审委员会委员，中国社会科学院世界政治研究中心副主任，中国社会科学院廉政研究中心特约研究员，《美国研究》杂志编辑委员会委员，中国国际问题研究所中美关系研究中心特约研究员，当代世界研究中心特约研究员，新华社特约观察员，中国国际问题研究基金会研究员。
二级学科专业为国际关系。
主要研究领域美国国内政治、美国对外政策及东亚安全事务。
主要代表作《国会与冷战后的美国安全政策》（专著）（2004）、《冷战后的美国对外政策》（专著）（2007）、《911后美国在东亚的作用》（专著）（2008），《美国蓝皮书》（2011，2012，2013）（主编之一），发表论文数十篇。
享受国务院特殊津贴。
赵梅，美国研究系博士生导师。
1962年10月出生于四川省成都市。
2任中国社会科学院美国所研究所研究员、编辑部主任、《美国研究》执行主编。
二级学科专业：国际关系，研究方向：美国历史与社会文化。
主要著作：《美国公民社会的构建》（北京：中国社会科学出版社，2010年5月第1版），学术论文：《美国反文化运动探源》（2000年）、《清末以来中国中学历史教科书中的美国形象》（2006年）、《选择权与生命权：美国有关堕胎问题的论争》（1999年）、《美国的迷惘》（2009年）、《通向自由和繁荣之路：读〈冷眼向洋：百年风云启示录〉》（2000年）等。
2010至2012年，承担中国社会科学院院重大课题“美国公民社会的运行与管理”，任主持人。
2007年，获“北京大学2006-2007学年度学术创新奖”。
2009年，合著的研究报告获教育部“高等学校科学研究优秀成果奖”（人文社会科学）三等奖。
2013年，任第十二届全国政协委员。
育明教育考博分校解析：考博如果能够提前联系导师的话，不论是在备考信息的获取，还是在复试的过程中，都会有极大的帮助，甚至是决定性的帮助。
育明教育考博分校经过这些年的积淀可以协助学员考生联系以上导师。
三、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容：第一，关于参考书和资料的使用。
这一点考生可以咨询往届的博士学长，也可以和育明考博联系。
参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
另外，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：玖伍，陆壹伍贰，玖叁伍，专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。
每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。
最后一方面是专业前沿问题。
每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。
专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。
一般每门专业课都有有三道大题，考试时间各3小时，一般会有十几页答题纸。
考生在专业课复习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
第四，导师的信息。
导师的著作、研究方向、研究课题、近期发表的论文及研究成果，另外就是为研究生们上课所用的课件笔记和讨论的话题。
这些都有可能成为初复试出题的考察重点。
同时这些信息也是我们选择导师的时候的参照依据，当然选择导师是一个综合性的问题，还应当考虑到导师的研究水平、课题能力、对待学生的态度和福利等等。
第五，时事热点话题分析。
博士生导师在选择博士的时候会一般都会偏重考查考生运用基础理论知识来解决现实热点问题的能力，这一点在初试和复试中都有体现。
近几年的真题中都会有联系实际的热点分析。
所以考生在复习备考时就应单多阅读一些本专业本学科的最新研究方向研究成果，权威的期刊上面“大牛们”都在关心、探讨什么话题，以及一些时事热点问题能不能运用本专业的知识来加以解释解决。
四、社科院考博英语社科院的考博英语满分100分，题型有阅读、翻译和写作等。
社科院考博英语的整体难度在各考博院校中还是比较高的，对词汇量有很高的要求，特别注重对形近字、意近词和固定搭配以及语法的考察。
做阅读理解一定要遵守“实事求是”的原则，翻译这一个题型很容易丢分，考博资料获取、复习经验可咨询叩叩：玖伍，陆壹伍贰，玖叁伍，要想得高分，每一天都要遵循“八步法”练习三个句子。
作文对于考生的英语综合能力要求很高，要做到“厚重、灵动和美观”，复习资料建议使用育明教育考博分校编写的社科院考博英语一本通。
每年有大批的同学英语单科受限，对于英语基础比较差的考生，建议大家早做准备。
育明考博教研部主编的《考博英语真题解析》《考博词汇》，河北大学出版社出版。
是最为权威的考博英语备考资料。
同时也得到了育明考博学员的肯定和证明，并且每年都会再版更新。
可以联系育明考博购买邮寄，或在全国各大书店及卓越亚马逊及当当网下单。
育明教育考博分校专注于北京地区高校的考博英语及专业课课程辅导。
根植育明学校深厚的高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考研考博成功的基础保障，辅导学员人数及辅导成绩连续多年稳居第一。
针对清华大学各专业的考博开设的辅导课程包括：考博英语课程班、考博专业课课程班、申请制课程班、高端协议班。
历年考博课程班的通过率均超过80%。
五、考博专业课考博就是考专业课，专业课定生死。
对于专业课的复习，可不仅仅是看看参考书就可以的。
以下是育明教育考博课程的授课规划，整个授课规划由本专业博士生和组织设定，结合了考试命题的实际，借鉴了历届育明成功学员的复习计划和成功经验，是育明教育考博课程授课质量的保证和高录取率的基础。
考生们也可以借鉴这一复习规划来指导自己的备考。
第一阶段：框架的构建和重点的掌握深入解构核心参考书，建立知识理论体系框架并对重点知识章节和常见考点进行整合。
理清楚学科发展史，特别是每一个阶段的代表人物，著作，主张，提出的背景和评价。
根据专业课老师讲解借鉴前辈经验最终形成学员的专属笔记。
第二阶段：专题整理和讲解在第一阶段的基础上，由专业课老师带领整理重要常考的学科专题，进行各个知识模块的深化和凝练。
以专题为突破口夯实并灵活运用理论知识。
第三阶段：时事热点和出题人的论著对出题老师的研究重点，最新论文成果和重要的上课的笔记课件进行讲解。
对本专业时政热点话题进行分析，预测有可能出现的题型和考察角度。
第四阶段：历年真题演练和讲解对历年真题进行最深入的剖析：分析真题来源、真题难度、真题的关联性，总结各题型的解题思路、答题方法和技巧。
全面提升学员的答题能力，把前面几个阶段掌握的理论知识转化为分数。
第五阶段：模拟练习及绝密押题就最新的理论前沿和学科热点结合现实的热点进行拔高应用性讲解。
开展高强度模拟考试，教会考生怎么破题，怎么安排结构，怎么突出创新点等答题技巧。
结合最新的内部出题信息和导师信息进行高命中押题。
六、考博特别注意事项（一）关于招考类别：社科院招收的博士研究生均为纳入全国研究生招生计划的全日制博士生，根据考生报考时的身份区分为非在职和在职两类。
1、非在职：非在职考生入学前（最迟在入学当年9月30日前）必须将人事档案转入社科院，且中途不得转出，毕业时按毕业生和用人单位“双向选择”的方式，落实就业去向。
户口根据自愿的原则可迁入社科院。
2、在职：在职考生人事档案、户口不转入社科院，毕业后回原单位就业。
委托培养博士研究生按在职类别办理。
入学时需签订考生、委托培养单位、培养单位三方协议书，毕业时按协议规定回委托培养单位工作。
考生在报考时应慎重选择考生类别，一旦选定原则上不能更改，考生因特殊情况需更改的，应最晚于录取前向招生办提出书面申请，经批准后进行更改，过期一律不作更改。
因考生本人选择错误造成不能录取的责任由考生自负。
育明教育考博分校解析：此类研究生不是大家所谓的“在职研究生”，在职研究生指的是利用周六日和寒暑假上课的研究生，现在除了极个别学校还招收极少量的在职研究生之外，绝大多数学校都已经取缔了在职研究生。