英文滴定实验报告

英文滴定实验报告

英文滴定实验报告

Introduction

Titration is a widely used technique in analytical chemistry to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution. In this experiment, we aimed to determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) by titrating it with a standardized solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The reaction between HCl and NaOH is a classic example of an acid-base reaction, where the acid (HCl) reacts with the base (NaOH) to form water and a salt.

Experimental Procedure

1. Preparation of Standard Solution

To prepare the standardized solution of NaOH, we weighed a specific amount of solid NaOH and dissolved it in distilled water. The solution was then transferred to a volumetric flask and diluted to the mark with distilled water. This ensured that we had a known concentration of NaOH for the titration.

2. Preparation of Acid Solution

In order to determine the concentration of HCl, we prepared a known volume of HCl solution. This solution was then added to a conical flask.

3. Titration Process

Using a burette, we carefully added the standardized NaOH solution to the conical flask containing the HCl solution. We added the NaOH solution drop by drop, while continuously swirling the flask to ensure thorough mixing. The

addition of NaOH was stopped when a color change was observed, indicating the completion of the reaction. This color change was due to the addition of an indicator, phenolphthalein, which is colorless in acidic solutions and turns pink in basic solutions.

4. Data Collection

During the titration process, we recorded the initial and final burette readings to determine the volume of NaOH solution used. This data allowed us to calculate the amount of NaOH required to neutralize the HCl solution.

Results and Discussion

Based on the data collected during the experiment, we calculated the concentration of the HCl solution. By using the equation:

M1V1 = M2V2

where M1 is the concentration of NaOH, V1 is the volume of NaOH used, M2 is the concentration of HCl, and V2 is the volume of HCl used, we were able to determine the concentration of HCl.

By repeating the experiment multiple times and calculating the average concentration of HCl, we ensured the accuracy of our results. The precision of the experiment was evaluated by calculating the standard deviation of the data. Conclusion

In this experiment, we successfully determined the concentration of hydrochloric acid by titrating it with a standardized solution of sodium hydroxide. The use of phenolphthalein as an indicator allowed us to observe the color change at the