大学英语四级考试真题及解析卷一
2020年大学英语四级考试真题及解析(第一套)
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2020年大学英语四级考试真题及解析(第一套)一、PartⅠWriting(30minutes)1.Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on online libraries.You can start your essay with the sentence“Online libraries are becoming increasingly popular”.You should write at least 120words but no more than180words.输入答案内容...【答案】【参考范文】The use of online library has attracted extensive attention of the society,which can be found in TV programs,newspapers,university classes and many aspects of our life.However,people hold different views on the e-libraries.(1)Some believe it is quite convenient while others oppose it.(2)In terms of the advantages of online library,it is more accessible than the real libraries.Simply take out your mobile devices,and sign in the library,you can borrow the book you want to read.It saves you the trouble of transporting yourself to the library,and lifts you from the toil of carrying the heavy paper books.(3)However,online libraries do have some demerits.For instance, reading online means you are more easily to be distracted,while it is the physical libraries that provide you a tranquil environment for you to focus on your reading.(4)From what has been discussed above,online libraries are designed to make reading more convenient.And readers should make full use of it to help enrich our life.【审题构思】本次考查的话题是在线图书馆,与7月份考题类似,也是涉及到互联网应用,同样也是为了考查学生的立意和论述角度与立场。
四级英语真题附带解析答案
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四级英语真题附带解析答案Introduction:The purpose of this article is to provide an in-depth analysis and explanation of selected questions from the English proficiency test known as the College English Test, Level 4 (CET-4). This article aims to assist students in understanding the reasoning behind the correct answers and improving their overall English language skills. Without further ado, let us delve into the selected questions and their respective answers.Reading Comprehension:Question 1:According to the passage, what role does music play in our daily lives?A) It helps us appreciate the beauty of nature.B) It offers a means of emotional expression.C) It connects us with people from different cultures.D) It provides a form of physical exercise.Answer: B) It offers a means of emotional expression.Explanation: The passage highlights the emotional aspect of music, describing how it can evoke various feelings and provide an outlet for individuals to express themselves. Option B corresponds with the main idea presented in the passage.Question 2:What does the author imply about learning a musical instrument?A) It requires innate talent.B) It is a time-consuming process.C) It only benefits young children.D) It is reserved for professional musicians.Answer: B) It is a time-consuming process.Explanation: The author suggests that learning a musical instrument is not an easy or quick task. It requires dedication, consistent practice, and many hours of effort. Option B captures the essence of the author's viewpoint.Listening Comprehension:Question 3:What is the topic of the conversation?A) Traveling to different countries.B) The advantages of online shopping.C) Problems encountered while shopping.D) The popularity of local markets.Answer: C) Problems encountered while shopping.Explanation: Throughout the conversation, the speakers discuss various issues and challenges they have encountered during their shopping experiences. Option C accurately reflects the main subject matter of the dialogue.Question 4:What is the man's suggestion?A) To buy the dress at a different store.B) To wait for the dress to go on sale.C) To take advantage of online discounts.D) To find a tailor for alterations.Answer: A) To buy the dress at a different store.Explanation: The man suggests finding an alternative store to purchase the dress, indicating that the current store may not be the best option. Option A closely aligns with the man's suggestion.Writing:Question 5:Write an email to the local council suggesting ways to improve public transportation in your city.Answer: (Sample Response)To:*********************Subject: Suggestions to Enhance Public TransportationDear Council Members,I am writing to share some ideas and recommendations aimed at improving the public transportation system in our beloved city. As a concerned citizen and frequent commuter, I believe that enhancing this crucial aspect of our infrastructure will greatly benefit our community.Firstly, I propose the implementation of a comprehensive bus rapid transit (BRT) network. BRT systems have proven to be successful in many cities worldwide, providing efficient and affordable transportation options. By introducing dedicated bus lanes, pre-paid tickets, and frequent serviceintervals, we can provide a reliable and time-effective modeof transport.Additionally, I suggest increasing the number of bike lanes throughout the city. Encouraging cycling as analternative means of transportation not only reduces traffic congestion but also promotes a healthier lifestyle among our citizens. Investing in bike-sharing programs and providing secure parking facilities at key locations can furtherfacilitate this initiative.Furthermore, it would be beneficial to introduce integrated ticketing systems that allow passengers to use a single ticket for various modes of transportation, including buses, trains, and trams. This would simplify the journey for commuters and encourage the utilization of different public transportation options.Lastly, community engagement and feedback collection are essential for improving public transportation. Establishing a platform where citizens can voice their concerns, suggestions, and complaints would ensure that the system is constantly evolving to meet their needs.In conclusion, by implementing a BRT network, promoting cycling, introducing integrated ticketing systems, and fostering community engagement, we can make significantstrides in enhancing our city's public transportation. I sincerely hope that you will consider these suggestions and work towards creating a more efficient and accessible transportation system for all.Yours faithfully,[Your Name]Conclusion:In this article, we have examined selected questions from the CET-4 exam and provided detailed explanations and sample answers. By understanding the reasoning behind the correct answers, students can improve their English language skills and better prepare for future exams. Remember, practice and continuous learning are key to success in mastering any language.。
大学英语四级练习卷+答案解析 (1)
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大学英语四级试卷(满分120分,考试时间90分钟)一、选择题:(本题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分)1.When Pilot Officer Peter Thwaites was away on business,his neighbour gave his wife_____with the housework.A.an aidB.a helpC.a handD.a lift2.It is bad manners to______other people behind their backs.A.do upB.do byC.do away withD.do down3.Samuel has curly hair but his twin sister’s is quite__________.A.evenB.straightC.unevenD.regular4.If we let our eyes glide_____the lines of a book,we will probably be unable to come up with an understanding of what we have read.A.acrossB.inC.fromD.with5.At the party the_______shy Chelsea felt comfortable enough to offer to give the guests a piano solo.A.alwaysB.ordinarilyC.neverpletely6.Present at the Christmas party were the two princesses and their________ husbands and the Duke of Edinburgh.A.respectableB.respectfulC.respectiveD.respected7.Jean is slow but he brother,on the contrary,is quick at_______the point of an argument.A.snatching B.capturing C.grabbing D.grasping8.In an attempt to get to the_____of the problem,the reporter interviewed every eye-witness.A.rootB.gistC.baseD.center9.The narrow,sunless hall smelled_______of slake cabbage.A.uninterestinglyB.unpleasantlyC.uninvitedlyD.unpleasingly10.In the headmaster’s office,exercise—books kept________owing to the fact that he had marked very little recently.A.heaping onB.growing upC.piling onD.piling up11.Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets_____in transit.A.misusedB.mishandledC.mistakenD.mislaid12.Our side my office window,there is a fire_______on the right.dderB.escapeC.stepsD.stairs13.The sight of the fruit salad made our daughter kit’s mouth_____.A.wetB.oozeC.waterD.moisten14.When Langston waited to be saved by Jesus,he saw the lighted candles on the altar_____in the draught from the opening window.A.flickeringB.flutteringC.shiveringD.wavering15.Marilyn will not be able to come to the Christmas party as she is_______ with a cold.id downid outid byid up16.Little_______a year ago that I would be studying here today in Britain.A.I thoughtB.thought IC.I did thinkD.did I think17.Not until______himself seriously ill.A.he had completed the task did he findB.had he completed the task did he findC.he completed the task had he foundD.did he complete the task he had found18.In vain_______to get in touch with the Embassy.A.they triedB.tried theyC.did they tryD.they have tried19.Seldom_____him fly into such a rage since I knew him.A.I sewB.I have seenC.had I seenD.have I seen20.Only by carrying out an open-door poling______.A.our country can be developedB.can be our country developedC.can our country developD.our country can develop二、翻译(共计10分)1.电影开演半小时了。
2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(题后附答案及解析)(一)
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2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(题后附答案及解析)(一)全部题型 1. Writing2. Listening Comprehension3. Reading Comprehension4. TranslationPart I Writing1.For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.您的答案是:正确答案: Dear TomOn hearing that you are planning to teach English in China and inquire which city to work in I'd like to recommend our capital city Beijing to you which is an international metropolis.The reasons why I recommend Beijing can be listed as follows. First of all there are a lot of English-speaking foreigners in Beijing which could help you adapt to life here very quickly. Furtherm ore as the capital of several dynastiesBeijing has a profound cultural background so you can better experience the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture in Beijing. Most importantly parents in Beijing attach great importanceto their children's English learning and many people who work in multinational companies also need to learn English.I truly hope that you can come to Beijing to start your teaching life and I'm looking forward to your arrival. If you have any question about the city pl ease feel free to contact me for further information.Yours sincerelyLi MingPart II Listening ComprehensionSection A听力原文:New York City police captured a cow on the loose in Prospect Park on Tuesday after the animal became an attraction for tourists while walking along the streets and enjoying the park facilities. The confused creature and camera-holding humans stared at each other through a fence for several minutes. At other times the cow wandered around the 526-acre park and the artificial grass field normally used for human sporting events. Officers used soccer goals to fence the animal in. However the cow then moved through one of the nets knocking down a police officer in the process. Policeeventually trapped the cow between two vehicles parked on either side of a baxxxxseball field's bench area. An officer then shot an arrow to put it to sleep. Then officers waited for the drug to take effect. After it fell asleep they loaded the cow into a horse trailer. It was not clear where the cow came from or how it got lost. Police turned it over to the animal control department after they caught it.Questions 1 and 2 are baxxxxsed on the news report you have just heard.1. What happened in New York's Prospect Park on Tuesday?2. What do we learn about the cow from the end of the news report? 2.A.Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.B.A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.C.Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.D.A wandering cow was captured by the police.您的答案是:正确答案:D解析:事实细节题。
2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)及参考答案完整版 (1)
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Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre..Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税)1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, Califomia, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It's expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages-including low- and no-calorie choices”, said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the America n Beverage Association. “But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it. “An industry backed anti- tax campaign has spent at least S4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure. characterizing it as a “grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of t he profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places”, said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. “It's not just Berkeley anymore.”Similar measures in California's Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado's boulder are becoming hot-button issues Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumersB) It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communitiesD) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A) Bargain with the city council.B) Refuse to pay additional tax.C) Take legal action against itD) Try to win public support.48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposalA) It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumersB) It tried to win grocers support against the measureC) It kept sending letters of protest to the mediaD) It criticized the measure through advertising49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.C) Add to the fund for their research on diseases.D) Benefit low-income people across the country50.What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?A)They are becoming rather sensitive issues.B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.C)They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D)They are taking away lot of profit from the soda industryPassage TwoPopping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status" items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decadeA study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of co2-the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change-at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on th e environment," say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour . For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking,microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.51.What is the finding of the new study?A)Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environmentD)The use of microwaves emits more CO than people think .52.Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A)They are becoming more affordable.B)They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances .C) They are getting much easier to operate.D) They take less time to cook than other appliances.53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A) Cooking food of different varieties.B) Improving microwave user’s habits.C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less oftenC) The UK produces less CO than many other countries in the EUD) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C) It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking【参考答案】46-50 D C A D C51-55 C B B A DPart Ⅳ Translation( 30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。
2023年大学英语四级真题答案与解析
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2023年12月大学英语四级真题答案与解析Part I Writing参照范文:第一种图表(即我们试题部分旳图表)Education PaysThe bar graph describes the unemployment rates in 2023 for social groups with different education degrees in theUnited States. According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics,the better you are educated,the more likely you are to get employed. For example,there are only about 1.9% and 4% of people with doctoral degree and master s degree respectively who are unemployed,while people with only a high school diploma or less suffer a much higher unemployment rate (14.9% and 10.3% respectively).These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially,when knowledge of science and technology is power,people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market.It must be added,however,a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity. In order to succeed in the career,people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication,teamwork and social experience.第二种图表(这也是本次考试旳另一份试卷旳图表)(见图表2)Education PaysAs is shown in the bar chart above,the social groups with higher degree are not only more likely to be employed in the first place,but they are also better paid later in the workplace. Those with doctoral and professional degrees enjoy a much higher weekly median earning ($1551 and 1665 respectively)and suffer a much lower unemployment rate (2.5% and 2.4%). On the other hand,those with less education suffer a considerably higher unemployment rate and have a much lower weekly income. For example,there are a total of 23.5% (9.4%+14.1%)of people unemployed with high school diploma or less,who have only a median weekly income of $545,as compared with the average $797.These data clearly indicate that education pays in the long run and it is a worthy investment. In this IT age especially,when knowledge of science and technology is power,people need to be well equipped with knowledge and skills in order to be competitive in job hunting and be better paid. A higher degree is definitely an advantage in the first place in the job market and a competitive edge for workplace promotions.It must be added,however,a high degree alone is not enough. It will not ensure a better employment opportunity and higher salary. In order to succeed in the career,people must also develop practical skills and techniques as well as good communication,teamwork and social experience.概述四级考试重要旳作文命题形式是“文示”提纲作文,但不时也考应用文(书信、演讲词等)和图表作文,图表作文曾在1991年6月(表格:Changes in People s Diet)和2023年6月(柱状图:Student Use of Computers),似乎是23年考一次,但不排除此后会更频繁地考到。
四级真题答案及解析(第一套完整版)
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Part I WritingDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.题目解析:一、审题:四级写作的第一步即读懂题目要求。
读题目时我们需要在题干中去找“关键词”。
本次作文中读完题目,建议同学们用笔勾画出来五个关键词,即五个要点,顺序依次是“30 minutes”、“essay”、“how”、“the relationship between doctors and patients”、“write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words”其中关于考试时间和作文字数的要求每年都一致。
接下来审题的重点:这次写作要求我们写一篇常见的议论文,并且去简述如何处理医生和病人的关系。
读完题目之后,我们了解到这次的写作主题即“医患关系(the relationship between doctors and patients)”。
二、谋篇:四级写作的第二步即布局三段结构,这次写作中强调“如何处理医患关系”,所以我们在第二段写作时,可以从两个维度出发—医生和患者—去叙述如何正确处理两个主体之间的关系。
三、框架:全文分为三个段落。
第一段为话题引出段(可结合情景作文第一段,先表明自己的观点);第二段为原因分析段(主要从医生/患者两个方面进行原因论述);第三段为意义阐述段。
四、填充:具体的范文如下,仅做参考。
写作范文:On the Relationship between Doctors and PatientsIn the present age, it is generally acknowledged that the relationship between doctors and patients is playing indispensable roles in our lives. As far as I am concerned, we should balance this kind of relationship from two aspects, doctors and patients.The causes of this perspective are multiple. In the first place, the reason has been cited as a major reason that doctors cannot be understood, for patients always maintain doctors can cure all kinds of disease. This is mainly due to the fact that although medical technology and science are advanced at an amazing rate, there exists a multitude of various kinds of diseases we cannot cure. Furthermore, the reason can contribute this perspective that patients are believed to be lack of the fundamental medical knowledge, which results in this relationship are worried. Plenty of evidence has shown that an increasing number of patients often go to extremes if their diseases cannot be cure instantly.When it comes to our modern society, it is universally acknowledged that dealing with the relationship between doctors and patients in a reasonable way plays a vitally important role in our lives. Undoubtedly, if we spare no efforts to do so, our future will be hopeful and promising.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ANew report 11.答案: B) Her little brother.Q: Who did Edison raise money for?解析: 新闻首句原则,了解大致内容是Edison卖柠檬水和画画为生病需要做心脏手术(surgery)的弟弟筹资。
2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题答案与解析(第1套)
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2023年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套)
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2023年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套)前言2023年6月的大学生英语四级考试即将到来,为了帮助广大考生更好地备战,本文提供了三套2023年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案。
希望本文可以对考生们的备考提供一定的帮助。
试卷一第一部分:听力理解(共25小题)听力理解部分包含了五个听力材料,每个材料后面有五个问题。
请考生根据所听到的内容选择正确的答案。
第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题)阅读理解部分包含了四篇文章,每篇文章后面有五个问题。
请考生根据文章内容选择正确的答案。
第三部分:完型填空(共15小题)完型填空部分包含了一篇短文,短文中有15个空格。
请考生根据上下文选择合适的词语填入空格处。
辨析词义部分包含了10个句子,每个句子中都有一个加下划线的单词,考生需要根据句子的上下文选择最合适的词义。
第五部分:写作(共两个任务)写作部分包含了两个任务,第一个任务是写一篇关于城市交通问题的短文,第二个任务是根据一幅图画写一篇短文。
试卷二第一部分:听力理解(共25小题)…试卷三第一部分:听力理解(共25小题)…第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题)……第四部分:辨析词义(共10小题)…第五部分:写作(共两个任务)…答案及解析试卷一答案及解析听力理解1.B2.C3.A4.B5. C …阅读理解1.A2.D3.B4.C5. A …完型填空1.C2.A3.B4.D5. C …辨析词义1.B2.A3.C4.D5. B …写作任务一:城市交通问题的短文 (此处省略正文)任务二:根据一幅图画写一篇短文 (此处省略正文)试卷二答案及解析…试卷三答案及解析…注意:本文只是提供了试卷的框架和部分内容,实际的试卷内容和答案需要参考真实的2023年6月大学生英语四级考试。
希望本文可以帮助考生们更好地备考,祝大家顺利通过考试!。
2020年9月大学英语四级真题试卷一阅读答案及解析
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2020年9月大学英语四级真题试卷一阅读答案及解析Part III Reading ComprehensionSection A26. [I] normal27. [E] definitely28. [D] considerable29. [J] possibly30. [B] argued31. [K] proposition32. [N] tend33. [C] avoid34. [F] extreme35. [G] inaction解析:第26题可能会在[I] normal和[F] extreme之间犹豫,但根据第一段最后一句”… unable or unprepared to endure the long haul.” 可以看出投资领域本就是有涨有落的拉锯战,是再正常不过的行为,没有体现出extreme即剧烈的含义,考试时容易主观代入。
34题根据前面的go to the other可以判断后面要选一个名词,而extreme也可以作名词;再根据前文的一种模式是”put their head in the sand 避而不谈”, 后面走向了另一种极端模式就是micro-analyze everything, 锱铢必较过度分析,也可以得出extreme这个答案。
35题的答案,词汇不太常见,根据词性判断此处要填一个名词,后面写到“whatever decision they make will be the wrong one.” 不管做什么决定最终都没有实际结果,就是一种无所为的状态,排除其他名词可以得出inaction.Section B36. [H] Another playtime thief: the growing proportion of kids’ time spent in front of screens and digital devices.37. [E] The focus on academic “skills and drills” has cut deeply into recess and other time for free play.38. [] 缺失原文和选项39. [G] a consortium of educators, health professionals and child advocates called the loss of play in early childhood “a tragedy, both for the children themselves and for our nation and world.”40. [D] When parents engage in play with their children, it deepens relationships and builds a bulwark against the toxic effects of all kinds of stress.41. [I] And kids really learn better when they’re actively engaged and have to really discover things.42. [C] letting them simply play — or better yet, playing with them — could seem like a step backward.43. [K] Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids.44. [F] By 2009, a study of Los Angeles kindergarten classrooms found that 5-year-olds were so burdened with academic requirements that they were down to an average of just 19 minutes per day of “choice time,” when they were permitted to play freely with blocks, toys or other children.45. [B] This may seem old-fashioned,but there are skills to be leaned when kids aren’t told what to do.解析:36题的选项中出现了steals away, 可以根据H段的首句playtime thief以及digital devices定位得出。
2024年6月英语四级真题试卷第1套及答案解析
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2024年6月大学英语四级真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’ opinions on whether university libraries should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Due to a fire alarm in their apartments.B) Because of the smoke and heat damage.C) Due to the water used to extinguish the flames.D) Because of the collapse of the three-story building.2. A) Investigating the cause of the incident.B) Helping search for the suspect of the crime.C) Rescuing the businessmen trapped in the building.D) Checking town records for the property developer.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It plays a less important role in one’s health than nutrient intake.B) It impacts people’s health to a lesser degree than sun exposure.C) It is associated with people’s mental health conditions.D) It is linked with older adults’ sympt oms of depression.4. A) It was indefinite. C) It was straightforward.B) It was systematic. D) It was insignificant.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It has helped solve several murder cases.B) It has become a star police dog in Beijing.C) It has surpassed its mother in performance.D) It has done better than naturally born dogs.6. A) To speed up investigation into criminal cases. C) To cut down training expenses.B) To test the feasibility of cloning technology. D) To reduce their training time.7. A) Cloning is too complicated a process. C) Cloning is ethically controversial.B) The technology is yet to be accepted. D) The technology is too expensive.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He read it somewhere online. C) He read an article reviewing it.B) He heard about it from a coworker. D) He watched a TV series based on it.9. A) His publications. C) His address.B) His first book. D) His name.10. A) Collect a lot more data. C) Clarify many new concepts.B) Relax a bit less often. D) Read more reference books.11. A) Find out the show’s most interesting episodes. C) Get an e-copy of the book to read.B) Watch the series together with the woman. D) Check to see when the show starts.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To check the prices of his farm produce.B) To ask the way to the Newcastle City Hall.C) To inquire about the vegetarian food festival.D) To seek the man’s help with her work on the farm.13. A) Bakers. C) Vegetarians.B) Vendors. D) Organisers.14. A) The issuing of certificates to vendors. C) The festival they are organising.B) The completion of the baking task. D) The deadline for application.15. A) The closing date of submission. C) The details of the ceremony.B) The website of his company. D) The organiser’s address.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Most scenic sites have been closed. C) Health experts advise going outdoors.B) Access to official campsites is limited. D) People have more time during the summer.17. A) It is strongly opposed by nearby residents. C) It has caused environmental concerns.B) It leads to much waste of public money. D) It has created conflicts among campers.18. A) Look for open land in Scotland. C) Avoid getting close to wilderness.B) Leave no trace of their camping. D) Ask for permission from authorities. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They outcompete mythical creatures. C) They truly exist in the Amazon region.B) They usually mind their own business. D) They resemble alarmingly large snakes.20. A) Scar tissue from dolphins’ fighting. C) Unhealed wounds from snake bites.B) Skin infection from water pollution. D) Swimming along in seasonal floods.21. A) It has been shrinking at an astonishing pace.B) It has been placed under international protection.C) It has been appealing to both freshwater and sea dolphins.D) It has been abandoned as a battleground for male dolphins.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) About 58% of young adults call parental support the new normal.B) Most adult children enjoy increasing sources of financial support.C) A full 70% of the young adults cannot afford to buy a car by themselves.D) Most early adults cannot sustain their lifestyles without parental support.23. A) It renders them dependent. C) It makes them mentally immature.B) It causes them to lose dignity. D) It hinders them from getting ahead.24. A) It challenges one’s willpower. C) It calls for due assistance.B) It results from education. D) It defines adulthood.25. A) Current lifestyles. C) College loans.B) Poor budgeting. D) Emergency expenses.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.It’s well known that physical exercise is beneficial not just to physical health but also to mental health. Yet whereas most countries have 26 , evidence-backed guidelines on the type and intensity of exercise 27 for various physical health benefits, such guidelines do not yet exist for exercise and mood.This is 28 due to a lack of necessary evidence. However, a new systematic review brings us usefully up-to-date on the current findings in this area.Before 29 into some of the key take-aways, an important 30 made in the review is between aerobic exercise and anaerobic. The former 31 such things as walking, jogging and cycling and means exercising in such a way that your body is able to use oxygen to burn fat for energy. In contrast, anaerobic exercise—such as lifting heavy weights—is of such 32 intensity that your body does not have time to use oxygen to create energy and so instead it breaks down glucose (葡萄糖) in your blood or muscles.Beginning first with the influence of exercise intensity on the mood benefits of aerobic exercise, the researchers, led by John Chan at Shenzhen University, found 33 results from19 relevant studies. Some favoured higher intensity, others low, while seven studies found that intensity made no 34 to mood benefits.In relation to the intensity of anaerobic exercise, however, the results were far clearer—the optimum (最佳选择) for improving mood is 35 intensity, perhaps because low intensity is too dull while high intensity is too unpleasant.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why Do Americans Work So Much?A)How will we all keep busy when we only have to work 15 hours a week? That was thequestion that worried the British economist John Maynard Keynes when he wrote his short essay “Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren” in 1930. Over the next century, h e predicted, the economy would become so productive that people would barely need to work at all. For a while, it looked like Keynes was right. In 1930 the average working week was47 hours in the United States. But by 1970, the number of hours Americans worked onaverage had fallen to slightly less than 39.B)But then something changed. Instead of continuing to decline, the duration of the workingweek remained stable. It has stayed at just below 40 hours for nearly five decades. So what happened? Why are people working just as much today as in 1970?C)There would be no mystery in this if Keynes had been wrong about the power of technologyto increase the economy’s productivity, which he thought would lead to a standard of living “between four and eight times as high as it is today.” But Keynes got that right: Technology has made the economy massively more productive. According to Benjamin M. Friedman, an economist at Harvard, the U.S. economy is right on track to reach Keynes’s eight-fold (八倍) multiple by 2029. That is a century after the last data Keynes would have had access to.D)In a new paper, Friedman tries to figure out why that increased productivity has nottranslated into increased leisure time. Perhaps people just never feel materially satisfied, always wanting more money to buy the next new thing. This is a theory that appeals tomany economists. “This argument is, at best, far from sufficient,” he writes. If that were the case, why did the duration of the working week decline in the first place?E)Another theory Friedman considers is that, in an era of ever fewer settings that provideeffective opportunities for personal connections and relationships, people may place more value on the socializing that happens at work. There is support for this theory. Many people today consider colleagues as friends. But Friedman argues that the evidence for this theory is far from conclusive. Many workers report that they would like to spend more time with family, rather than at work. Furthermore, this theory cannot explain the change in trend in the U.S. working week in the 1970s.F) A third possibility proves more convincing for Friedman. That is: American inequalitymeans that the gains of increasing productivity are not widely shared by everyone. In other words, most Americans are too poor to work less. Unlike the other two explanations Friedman considers, this one fits chronologically (按年代). Inequality declined in America during the period following World War II, along with the duration of the working week.But since the early 1970s it has risen dramatically.G)Keynes’s prediction of a shorter working week rests on the idea that the standard of livingwould continue rising for everyone. But Friedman says that this is not what has happened.Although Keynes’s eight-fold figure holds up for the economy as a whole, it is not at all the case for the median (中位数的) American worker. For them, output by 2029 is likely to be around 3.5 times what it was when Keynes was writing. This is a bit below his four- to eight-fold predicted range.H)This can be seen in the median worker’s income over this time period, complete with a shiftin 1973 that fits in precisely with when the working week stopped shrinking. According to Friedman, between 1947 and 1973 the average hourly wage for normal workers (those who were not in management roles) in private industries other than agriculture nearly doubled in terms of what their money could buy. But by 2013 the average hourly wage for ordinary workers had fallen 5 percent from the 1973 level in terms of actual purchasing power. Thus, though American incomes may have gone up since 1973, the amount that American workers can actually buy with their money has gone down. For most Americans, then, the magic of increasing productivity stopped working around 1973. Thus, they had to keep working just as much in order to maintain their standard of living.I)What Keynes predicted was a very optimistic version of what economists call technologicalunemployment. This is the idea that less labor will be necessary because machines can do so much. In Keynes’s vision, the resulting unemployment would be distributed more or less evenly across society in the form of increased leisure. But Friedman says that, for Americans, reality is much darker. Americans now have a labor market in which millions of people—those with fewer skills and less education—are seeking whatever poorly paid work they can get. This is confirmed by a recent poll that found that, for half of hourly workers, their top concern is not that they work too much but that they work too little. This is most likely not because they like their jobs so much. Rather, we can assume it is because they need the money.J)This explanation leaves an important question. If the very rich—the workers who have reaped above-average gains from the increased productivity since Keynes’s time—can afford to work less, why do they continue to work so much? (Indeed, research has shownthat the highest earners in America tend to work the most.) Friedman believes that for many top earners, work is a labor of love. They are doing work they care about and are interested in, and doing more of it is not necessarily a burden. For them, it may even be a pleasure.These top earners derive meaning from their jobs and work is an important part of how they think of themselves. And, of course, they are compensated for it at a level that makes it worth their while.K)Friedman concludes that the prosperity(繁荣) Keynes predicted is here. After all, the economy as a whole has grown even more brilliantly than he expected. But for most Americans, that prosperity is nowhere to be seen. And, as a result, neither are those shorter working weeks.36. Some people view socializing at the workplace as a chance to develop personal relationships.37. As ordinary American workers’ average hourly pay had decreased despite increasing productivity, they had to work just as many hours as before to keep their living standards.38. American workers’ average weekly working time has not changed for nearly half a century.39. Friedman believes inequality in the U.S. largely explains why increasing productivity has not resulted in reduced working hours.40. Man y economists assume people’s thirst for material things has prevented them from enjoying more leisure time.41. An economist’s prediction about a shorter average working week seemed to be correct fora time in the 20th century.42. In the U.S. labor market, the primary concern of people with less schooling and fewer skills is to secure any employment even if it is low-paid.43. Keynes was right in predicting that technology would make the economy much more productive.44. Many of the highest earners have a keen interest in and love for what they are doing.45. According to Keynes, there would be a shorter working week with everyone’s standard of living continuing to rise.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.”People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through oth ers’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the。
2020年9月英语四级考试第1套真题与解析
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霆A)。
短文开头提到,在心理学家最近进行的一项关千智能手机破坏性影响的研究中,两组大学生被要求做字谜游戏。
因此答案为A)。
23.关千第二组的许多受试学生在电话铃响后的表现,我们了解到什么?A)铃声结束后他们才能继续(字谜游戏)。
C)他们立刻拿起手机,回拨电话。
B)他们无法继续专注地完成任务。
D)他们要求实验人员挂断电话。
也登Ni)B)。
短文中提到,在第二组学生解字谜的过程中,实验人员拨打了一位学生的手机,让它响了一会才挂断。
之后,第二组的许多学生无法集中注意力,他们变得焦虑,表现得比第一组更差。
因此答案为B)。
24.根据短文内容,使用智能手机最大的影响是什么?A)悄感间题增多。
C)睡眠减少。
B)体育运动减少。
D)学习成绩退步。
@西枙C)。
短文提到,智能手机会带来各种负面影响,如人际交往和学业问题,但最大的影响是睡眠时长的缩短,这会导致健康状况不佳和肥胖问题。
因此答案为C)。
25.讲话者建议人们做什么?A)保护年轻一代的视力。
C)认识到科技的破坏作用。
B)采取有效措施提高生产力。
D)确保每天有充足的睡眠。
百解C)。
短文最后提到,科技是个伟大的工具,但认识到它的负面作用是很重要的,睡眠的减少、生产力的降低、肥胖等问题仅仅是冰山一角。
如果我们不注意这些小问题,对后代的影响将会更大。
由此可知,讲话者建议人们要认识到技术的破坏性影响。
因此答案为C )。
一"O词汇注释disruptive [ d 1s 1r11.ptxv] a. 引起混乱的interfere [ ,int"''如]v. 干扰decline [ d 11kla1n] n. 下降,降低academic [忠对dem1k]a. 学术的dramatic [ d r�'m 如k]a. 显著的;急剧的downside ['daunsa1d] n . 负面,缺点Part III Reading Com p rehension _本文选自2018年11月7日刊登在.a u 网站上一篇题为础ancial Stress (三种类型的财务压力)的文章。
2022年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版(卷一)
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2022年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版(卷一)20__年6月大学英语四级真题及答案解析完整版(卷一)Part I Writing(30 minutes) 请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分,之后将进行听力考试。
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood .You should write at least 120 words not more than 180 words.【范文】 Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing Home Volunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraised by the elderly there.Upon the students’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the young students presented them with well-prepared gifts.Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness.Both the youth and the aged were willing to share their life stories, immersing in anatmosphere of joy.When it was time for the youngsters to leave, the elderly thanked them over and over again.And the volunteers e_pressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had for their future.According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, “we make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” The visit not only enriches the seniors’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn some important life lessons from the elderly residents.By Aria, school newspaper【点评】写作试题是考查考生综合运用英语语言的能力,四级写作试题对考生的要求也越来越高。
2023年12月英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(第一套)详细版
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此正确答案为C选项。
【听力原文】News Report ThreeLions have disappeared from much of Africa, but for the past few years scientists have wondered if the big cats were hanging on in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia. 【5】 Continuous fighting in the region has made surveys difficult. 【6】But scientists released a report Monday documenting, with hard evidence, the discovery of “lost lions”. A team with Oxford University’s Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, supported by a charity organization, spent two nights in November camping in the National Park in northwest Ethiopia, on the Ethiopia-Sudan border.【7】The researchers set out six camera traps capturing images of lions, and identified lion tracks. The scientists concluded that lions are also likely to live in the neighbouring National Park across the border in Sudan. The International Union for Conservation of Nature had previously considered the area a “possible range” for the species, and local people had reported seeing lions in the area, but no one presented convincing evidence.【杀掉拦路虎】 1. Sudan [s?'dɑ:n] n.苏丹2. Ethiopia [?i:θ?'??p??]n.埃塞俄比亚(非洲东部国家)3. Oxford ['?ksf?d]n.牛津(英国城市),牛津大学4.WildlifeConservation[?wa?ld?la?fknsvein] 野生生物资源保护 5. charity [?t??riti]n.慈善(行为);施舍,捐助;慈善机关;仁爱第6页共56页宽容6. traps [tr?ps]n.随身携带物,随身行李;圈套( trap的名词复数 );(对付人的)计谋;(练习射击用的)抛靶器;(捕捉动物的)夹子v.诱骗( trap的第三人称单数 );使受限制;困住;使(水与气体等)分离7. convincing [k?n?v?ns??]adj.令人相信的;有说服力的;令人心悦诚服的 v.使相信(convince的现在分词);使明白;使确信;说服8. clue [klu:]n. 线索;提示;(帮助警方破案的)线索;(纵横填字谜、游戏或问题的)提示词语; vt. <非正>为…提供最新情况(消息等) 9. Inadequate [?n??d?kw?t]adj. 不充足的;不适当的;不足胜任的;信心不足的10. hazard [?h?z?d] vt. 冒险;使遭受危险;n. 危险;冒险的事;机会;双骰子游戏 11. facility [f??siliti] n. 设备;容易;能力;灵巧Questions 5 to 7 are based on the new report you have just heard.5.What has made it difficult to survey lions in remote parts of Sudan and Ethiopia?5. A) The lack of clues about the species. B) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.D) The hazards from the desert. 【答案】B【解析】本题为细节题,由【5】 Continuous fighting in the region has made surveysdifficult.可知:在这一地区不断的战争使调查很困难,a选项是缺乏物种的线索,c选项是研究证据不充分,d选项来自沙漠的危险,本题难点在于对原文理解以及弄懂各个选项的意思。
大学英语四级练习卷及答案解析 (1)
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大学英语四级试卷(满分120分,考试时间90分钟)一、选择题:(本题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分)1. The news, though not wholly bad was so _____ that I could no longer concentrate on my work.A. disastrousB. anxiousC. RegretfulD. disturbing2. The energy gained from the sun can then be used during the right to enable the necessary chemical reactions to ______ in his body.A. prB. proceedC. progressD. practise3. It is very likely that the Martian will also be ________ to underground existence,for conditions are much more equable underground.A. adoptedB. acquiredC. admittedD. adapted4. The fishermen gathered abalone ______ a depth of seven feet.A. withB. withoutC. atD. within5. All living organisms constantly absorb carbon 14 _______ this existence.A. outB. aboutC. aroundD. throughout6. Burton said he could not swim until the ________ came in because the sea was too for out.A. currentB. tideC. waterD. flood7. The highest _______ of the Himalayas can scarcely be seen from below as it is usually hidden in cloud.A. peakB. topC. viewD. plane8. Tim, the footballer, always scores ______ at football matches, but he feels frustrated at each examination.A. pointsB. gamesC. goalsD. targets9. After the cameraman had taken three or four photographs of the solider ants, he found they had _______ all over his feet.A. gatheredB. flockedC. crowdedD. swarmed10. Sylvia was in low spirits because her throat infection left her very _____ and made her solo at the party impossible.A. dumbB. hoarseC. silentD. speechless11. Any child who is _______ made a victim of violence from brothers or sisters will have emotional troubles when he grows up.A. repeatedlyB. quicklyC. brisklyD. rarely12. Fred has _____ kind of humour that can only be appreciated by these willing to search beneath the surface.A. on obviousB. a hiddenC. a subtleD. controlled13. The crippled Westkey proudly walked with a ________ to the platform to join the children.A. jumpB. limpC. hopD. jog14. The ________ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London.A. valuedB. valuelessC. invaluableD. usable15. We expect Mr Drew will _________ Class Two when Miss Syme retires.A. take overB. toke upC. take offD. take to16. If the sun ______, the players could have finished the game.A. had shineB. did shineC. were shiningD. had shone17. If she ______ the measles, she could have gone to the park.A. hadn'tB. hadn't hadC. had hadD. haven't18. If we _______, we could have made it.A. had worked hardB. would have worked hardC. did worked hardD. work hard19. The policemen would have caught the murderer _______ a few minutes earlier.A. were they to arriveB. had they arrivedC. if they should have arrivedD. if they would have arrived20. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _______ our chairman now.A. must have beenB. would have beenC. wereD. would be二、完型填空(共计20分)Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas theyrepresent.Concepts of reading have changed 1 over the centuries.During the 1950's and 1960's especially,increased attention has been devoted to 2 the reading process. 3 specialists agree that reading 4 acomplex organization of higher mental 5 , they disagree 6 the exact nature of the process.Some experts,who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 7 reading as simply thedecoding of symbolssintosthe sounds they stand 8 .These authorities 9 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taughtindependently ofthe decoding process.Others maintain that reading is 10 related to thinking, and that a child whopronounces sounds without 11 their meaning is not truly reading.The reader, 12 some, is not just aperson with a theoretical ability to read but one who 13 reads.Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 14 .By someexpert they would not be 15 as readers.Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials ofreading will depend on the definition one use.By the most 16 and satisfactory definition, reading is theability to 17 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 18 , at variousrates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do 19 widely and enthusiastically. 20 reading is theinterpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.1.A.substantively B. substantially C.substitutively D.subjectively2.A.define and describe B. definition and descriptionC.defining and describingD.have defined and described3.A.Although B. If C.Unless D.Until4.A.involves B. involves to C.is involved D.involves of5.A.opinions B. effects C.manners D.functions6.A.of B. about C.for D.into7.A.view B. look C.reassure D.agree8.A.by B. to C.off D.for9.A.content B. contend C.contempt D.contact10.A.inexplicably B. inexpressibly C.inextricably D.inexpediently11.A.interpreting B. saying C.explaining D.reading12.A.like B. for example C.according to D.as13.A.sometimes B. might C.practical D.actually14.A.entire B. entirety C.entirely D.entity15.A.classed B. granted C.classified D.graded16.A.inclusive B. inclinable C.conclusive plicated17.A.break up B. elaborate C.define D.unlock18.A.purposes B. degrees C.stages D.steps19.A.such B. so as C.so D.such as20.A.By the way B. In short C.So far D.On the other hand三、阅读理解:(共25分)George Washington did not wish to commute far from Mount Vernon c.a tidal river nearby made for easy ocean access d.Virginia wanted to get rid of some land PETS3 Text 1 After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourthlevel, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!1. A good title for this is ____.A. SleepC. DreamsB. Good HealthD. Work and Rest2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means ____.A. sickC. asleepB. stand upD. a little sleepy3. This suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you_____.A. dream more often C. nervousB. have poor health D. breathe quickly4. During REM, ____.A. your eyes move quickly C. you are restlessB. you dreamD. both A and B5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is ______ .A. approximately six hoursB. around ten hoursC. about eight hoursD. not stated here四、书面表达:草拟一份中学通知,用一段话说明以下要点:参观日期:5月25日,星期天时间:早上8点钟出发。
2019年6月大学英语四级真题及解析(第一套)
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2019年6月大学英语四级真题及解析(第一套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 wordsPart II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】News Report OneA 9-vear-old Central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back.A California television station in Fresno reported Tuesday that James Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. The TV station reported that by completing the swim, the fourth-grade student from Los Banos broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy.James said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into his swim made him want to give up. His father said he had offered his son $ 100 as a reward; to encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to $ 200.James pushed forward,making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than two hours. Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland. Questions I and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What did the boy from central California do according to report?A. He visited a prison located on a faraway island.B. He swam around an island near San Francisco.C. He celebrated his ninth birthday on a small island.D. He set a record by swimming to and from an island.2. What did the father do to encourage his son?A. He set him an example.B. He doubled the reward.C. He had the event covered on TV.D. He cheered him on all the way.【听力原文】News Report TwoOn the first January, new regulations will coming to effect which eliminate an annual leave bonus for people who put off marrying until the age of 23 for women and 25 for men, the South China morning post reports.The holiday bonus was designed to encourage young people to delay getting married in line with China's one-child policy. But with that policy now being abolished,this holiday incentive is no longer necessary, the government says.In Shanghai, a young couple at a marriage registration office told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible to take advantage of the existing policy because an extra holiday was a big deal for them. In Beijing, one registration office had about 300 couples seeking to get married the day after the changes were announced, rather than the usual number of between 70 and 80.But one lawyer tells the paper that the changes still have to be adopted by local governments and these procedures take time. So people who are rushing to register for marriage can relax. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. What was the purpose of the annual leave bonus of China?A. To give people more time to travel.B. To increase working efficiency.C. To encourage late marriage.D. To end the one-child policy.4. What do we learn about the new regulations?A. They will not come into immediate effect.B. They will boost China's economic growth.C. They will help to popularize early marriage.D. They will not be welcomed by young people.【听力原文】News Report ThreeEveryone loves a good house party, but the cleaning-up the next morning isn't as enjoyable. Now, however, a New Zealand-based startup company aims to bring messy homes-and even splitting headaches-back to normal.The properly named startup Morning After Maids, was launched about a month ago in Auckland by roommates Rebecca Foley and Catherine Ashurst. Aside from cleaning-up, he two will also cook breakfast, and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers. Although they are both gainfully employed, they fit cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends, which is when their service is in most demand anyway.Besides being flooded with requests from across the country, Foley and Ashurst have also received requests from the U.S. and Canada to provide services there, they are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. What is the news report mainly about?A. Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.B. A new company to clean up the mess after parties.C. Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.D. Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends6. What is a common problem with the house party?A. It leaves the house in a mess.B. It takes a lot of time to prepare.C. It makes party goers exhausted.D. It creates noise and misconduct.7. What are Rebecca Folly and Catherine Ashers planning to do?A. Visit the U.S. and Canada.B. Hire an Australian lawyer.C. Expand their business.D. Settle a legal dispute.Section B ConversationDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】Conversation OneW: Kyle, how did your driver's theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?M: Y es, I prepared as much as I could, but I was so nervous since it was my second try. The people who worked at the test center were very kind though. We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was just what I needed. Then, after the exam, they printed out my result, but I was afraid to open it until I was outside, it was such a relief to pass. W: Congratulations. I knew you could do it! I guess you underestimated how difficult it would be the first time, didn't you? I hear a lot of people make that mistake and go in underprepared.But good job in passing the second time. I'm so proud of you. Now all you have to do next is your road test. Have you had any lessons yet?M: Y es, thanks, I'm so happy to be actually on the road now. I've only had two driving lessons so far, and my instructor is very understanding, so I'm really enjoying it. And I can't wait for my next session. Although the lessons are rather expensive, 20pounds an hour, and the instructor says I'll need about 30 to 40 lessons in total that's what-six to eight hundred pounds. So this time I'll need to make a lot more effort and hopefully will be successful the first time.W: Well, good luck.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What did the man do yesterday?A. He passed the driver's road test.B. He took the driver's theory exam.C. He got his driver's license.D. He had a driving lesson.9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?A. He was not well prepared.B. He was not used to the test formatC. He did not get to the exam in time.D. He did not follow the test procedure.10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?A. They are too short.B. They are tough.C. They are costly.D. They are helpful.11. What does the man hope to do next?A. Earn enough money for driving lessons.B. Find an experienced driving instructor.C. Test-drive a few times on highways.D. Pass his road test the first time. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.【听力原文】Conversation TwoM: Emma, I got accepted to the University of Leeds. Since you're going to university in England, do you know how much it is for international students to study there?W: Congratulations. Yes, I believe for international students you'll have to pay around thirteen thousand pounds a year. It's just a bit more than the local students.M: OK. So that's about seventeen thousand dollars for the tuition and fees. Anyway I'm only going to be there for a year, doing my master's. So it's pretty good. If I stayed in the US, it'd take two years and cost at least fifty thousand dollars in tuition alone. Also, I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leeds which would be pretty awesome, the benefits of being a music genius.W: Yeah. I heard you're a talented piano player. So you're doing a postgraduate degree now. I'm still in my last year,graduating next June. Finally I'll be done with my studies and could go on to earning loads of money.M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money in that job then.W: You'd be surprised. I'm still going to be a teacher. But the plan is to work at an international school overseas after I get a year or so experience in England. It's better paid, and I get to travel, which reminds me I'm late for my class, and I've got some documents I need to print out first. I've better run.12. What does the man want to know?A. The acceptance rate at Leeds.B. Where the woman studies.C. How to apply for studies at a university.D. Leeds’ tuition for international students.13. What is the man going to do?A. Pursue postgraduate studies.B. Do research on higher education.C. Apply to an American university.D. Perform in a famous musical14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the Leeds University?A. His unique experience.B. His academic excellence.C. His outstanding musical talent.D. His favorable recommendations.15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?A. Travel widely.B. Teach overseas.C. Do a master's degree.D. Settle down in England.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.【听力原文】Passage OneScientists have identified thousands of known ant species around the world-and only a few of them bug humans. Most ants live in the woods or out in nature. There, they keep other creatures in check, distribute seeds, and clean dead and decaying materials from the ground.A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans. But those are incredibly challenging to control. They are small enough to easily slip inside your house, live in colonies that number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That makes them good at getting in, and hard to kick out.Once they settle in, these insects start affecting your home. In addition to biting ants, otherspecies can cause different kinds of damage. Some, like carpenter ants, can undermine a home structure, while others interfere with electrical units. Unfortunately, our homes are very attractive to ants, because they provide everything the colony needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter.So how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes? Most important of all, avoid giving ants any access to food, particularly sugary food, because ants have a sweet tooth. We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur and store food in airtight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your trash as often as possible, and store your outside garbage in a lidded can, well away from doors and windows.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What does the passage say about ants?A. Many species remain unknown to scientists.B. Only a few species cause trouble to humans.C. They help farmers keep diseases in check.D. They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?A. They like to form colonies in electrical units.B. They can survive a long time without water.C. They can cause damage to people's homes.D. They are larger than many other species.18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?A. Refrain from eating sugary food.B. Destroy their colonies close by.C. Keep doors and windows shut.D. Deny them access to any food.【听力原文】Passage TwoMy research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So the job of the immune system is to fight infections. It also protects us from viruses and from auto-immune diseases.We know that as we get older, it's easier for us to get infections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill. This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't function so well when we age.In most of our work when we're looking at older adults who've got an illness, we always have to have healthy controls. So we work very closely with a great group of volunteers called "The 1000 Elders". These volunteers are all 65 or over but in good health. They come to the university to provide us with blood samples to be interviewed, and to help us carry out a whole range of research.The real impact of our research is going to be on health in old age. At the moment we’re living much longer. Life expectancy is increasing at two years for every decade. That means an extra five hours a day. I want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age and that they're not spending time in hospital with infections, feeling unwell and being generally weak. We want people to be healthy even when they are old.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the focus of the speaker's research?A. The function of the human immune system.B. The cause of various auto-immune diseases.C. The change in people's immune system as they get older.D. The viruses that may infect the human immune system.20. What are the volunteers asked to do in the research?A. Offer blood samples.B. Help to interview patients.C. Act as research assistants.D. Report their illnesses.21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?A. Strengthening people's immunity to infection.B. Better understanding patients' immune system.C. Further reducing old patients' medical expenses.D. Helping improve old people's health conditions.【听力原文】Passage ThreeWhen Ted Komada started teaching 14 years ago at Killip Elementary, he didn't know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with students. He noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kids would get together to play chess."I know how to play chess. Let me go and show these kids how to do it," he said.Now Komada coaches the school's chess team. The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school. And this week, dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super Nationals of chess. The competition only happens every four years and the last time the team went,they won the third place in the nation.Komada says chess gives him and his students’ control. The school has the highest number of kids from low income families. Police frequent the area day and night, as two months ago; a young man was shot just down the street.Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it. The lessons prove valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see these lessons translate into the real world. Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip Elementary?A. A group of kids were playing chess after school.B. His students were struggling to follow his lessons.C. A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.D. His students had trouble getting on with each other.23. What are dozens of students from Komada's school going to do this week?A. Join the school's chess team.B. Visit a chess team in Nashville.C. Receive training for a chess competition.D. Participate in a national chess competition.24. What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary?A. Many have become national chess champions.B. Most of them come from low-income families.C. A couple of them have got involved in crimes.D. Many became chess coaches after graduation.25. What have the students learned from Komada?A. Think twice before taking action.B. Actions speak louder than words.C. Take action before it gets too late.D. Translate their words into action.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passageThe center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has 26 from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming to life.In a 27 to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced 28 that could make their state the best place in the country. if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's 29 in auto research and development are under attack from several states and countries which desire to 30 our leadership in transportation. We can't let that happen, "says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead 31 of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would 32 a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even setup on-demand 33 of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In 34 , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more 35 rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.A. bidB. contrastC. deputyD. dominanceE. fleetsF. knotsG. legislationH. migratedI. replaceJ. representK. restrictive L. reward M. significant N. sponsor O. transmitted Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter: Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A) Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians(百岁老人). Worldwide,probably450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers, 50%of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.B) Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances given theassociated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity(长寿)with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life, not just the end of it.C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for longer,then this willresult in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that"70 is the new 60"or"40 the new 30."If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer.D) But the changes go further than that. Take,for instance, the age at which people makecommitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a career;These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962.50%of Americans were married by age 21.By 2014, that milestone(里程碑)had shifted to age 29.E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely a growing realizationfor the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement,and not only for financial reasons. Yes,unless people are prepared to save a lot more,our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s. then you are likely to work until your early 70s;and if you are in your early20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your80s.But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的)and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengtheningthat second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious in tangible assets such as productiveskills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education, administered inchildhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained, 60-yearcareer.If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your skills will become unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I) It seems likely, then that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stagescontaining two, three, or even more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer, yet another on making a social contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities, and provide a foundation for building a wide variety of skills.J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals(休假)as people find time to rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist.K) A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions,while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.L) These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.M) With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. In a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduate at 20, 40 or 60; a manager at 30, 50 or 70; and become an independent producer at any age.N) Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer life spans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.37. Just extending one's career may have both positive and negative effects.38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.39. Because of their longer lifespan, young people today no longer follow the pattern of life oftheir parents or grandparents40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people's approach to life.42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental andemotional well-being.44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow(誓约),couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife-not the husband-becomes seriously ill."Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset(发生)of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages They found that, overall, 31%of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic(慢性的)illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems."We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness." Karraker said."They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who become ill, they're more likely to get divorced."While the study didn't assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill. Karraker offers a few possible reasons."Gender norms and social expectations about care-giving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses, "Karraker said." And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce."Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she said. "But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs."。
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)
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⼤学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版)⼤学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a shortessay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should writeat least 120 words following the outline given bellow:1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的⽬的是什么?2. 也会带来⼀些问题3. 你的看法?Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go overthe passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. Forquestions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the informationgiven in the passage.How Do You See Diversity?As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for someof the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed thatthe candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhatdisappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but thefact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so shedecided to offer the job to her second choice.“It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized theperson we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. Whatshe hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s“different”behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-Americanraised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown byaverting(避开) your eyes.“I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it wascultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss thatopportunity again.”Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive asdifferent. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse,it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and toreexamine some of our false assumptions .Hire AdvantageAt a time when hiring qualified people is becoming moredifficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from theprocess have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helpsorganizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estaterecruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference suchtraining can make .“During my Mindsets coaching session ,I was taught how to recruit a diversified workforce. I recruited people from different cultures and skill sets .The agents were able to utilize their full potential and experiences to build up the company .When the real estate market began to change, it was because we had a diverse agent pool that we were able to stay in the real estate market much longer than others in the same profession.”Blinded by GenderDale is an account executive who attended one of my workshops onsu pervising a diverse workforce . “Through one of the sessions ,I discovered my personal bias ,” he recalls . “I learned I had not been looking at a person as a whole person , and being open to differences .” In his case , the blindness was not about culture but rather gender.“I had a management position open in my department ;and the two finalists were a man and a woman . Had I not attended this workshop , I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel . My reasoning would have been that even though both candidates were great and could have been successful in the position , I assumed the woman would have wanted to be home with her children and not travel .”Dale’s assumptions are another example of the well-intentioned but incorrect thinking that limits an organization’s ability to tap into the full potential of a diverse workforce.“I learned from the class that instead of imposing my gender biases into the situation , I needed to present the full range of duties, responsibilities and expectations to all candidates and allow them to make an informed decision .” Dale credits the workshop , “because it helped me make decisions based on fairness .”Year of the Know-It-AllDoug is another supervisor who attended one of my workshops .He recalls a major lesson learned from his own employee.“One of my most embarrassing moments was when I had a Chinese-American employee put in a request to take time off to celebrate Chinese New Year . In my ignorance , I assumed he had his dates wrong , as the first of January had just passed . When I advised him of this , I gave him a long talking-to about turning in requests early with the proper dates .“He pati ently waited , then when I was done , he said he would like Chinese New Year did not begin January first , and that Chinese New Year ,which is tied to the lunar cycle ,is one of the most celebrated holidays on theChinese calendar . Needless to say , I felt very embarrassed in assuminghe had his dates mixed up . But I learned a great deal about assumptions ,and that the timing of holidays varies considerably from culture toculture .“Attending the diversity workshop helped me realize how much I couldlearn by simply asking questions and creating dialogues with my employees ,rather than making assumptions and trying to be a know-it-all ,” Dougadmits . “The biggest thing I took away from the workshop is learninghow to be more ‘inclusive’ to differences.A better Bottom LineAn open mind about diversity not only improves organizationsinternally , it is profitable as well . These comments from a customer service representative show how an inclusive attitude can improvesales .”Most of my customers speak English as a second language . Oneof the best things my company has done is to contract with a language service that offers translations over the phone . It wasn’t until my boss received Mindsets’ training that she was able to understand how important inclusiveness was to customer service . As result , our customer base has increased .”Once we start to see people as individuals . and discard thestereotypes , we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone . Diversity is about coming together and taking advantage of our differences and similarities . It is about building better communities and organizations that enhance us as individuals and reinforce our shared humanity .When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past , from the media, peers , family , friends ,etc , we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed(有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values . We need to train our-selvesto think differently , shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opensdoors for all of us ,creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone.1. What bothered Tiffany during an interview with her candidate?A) He just wouldn’t look her in the eye.B) He was slow in answering her questions.C) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.D) His answers to some of her questions were irrelevant.2. Tiffany’s misjudgment about the candidate stemmed from _____.A) Racial stereotypes. C) Racial stereotypes.B) Invalid personal bias . D) Emphasis on physical appearance3. What is becoming essential in the course of economic globalization according to the author?A) Hiring qualified technical and management personnel.B) Increasing understanding of people of other cultures.C) Constantly updating knowledge and equipment.D) Expanding domestic and international markets.4. What kind of organization is Mindsets LLC?A) A real estate agency. C) A cultural exchange organization.B) A personnel training company. D) A hi-tech company5. After one of the workshops ,account executive Dale realized that _____.A) He had hired the wrong person.B) He could have done more for his company.C) He had not managed his workforce well.D) He must get rid of his gender bias.6. What did Dale think of Mindsets LLC’s workshop?A) It was well-intentioned but poorly conducted.B) It tapped into the executives’ full potential.C) It helped him make fair decisions.D) It met participants’ di verse needs.7. How did Doug, a supervisor, respond to a Chinese-American employee’s request for leave?A) He told him to get the dates right. C)He flatly turned it downB) He demanded an explanation. D)He readily approved it.8. Doug felt _____ when he realized that his assumption was wrong.9. After attending Mindsets’ workshops, the participants came to knowthe importance of _____ to their business.10. When we view people as individuals and get rid of stereotypes , we can achieve diversity and benefit from the _____ between us.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 Minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said .Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once .After each question there will be a pause . During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) She expected more people at her party.B) She enjoys entertaining small children .C) She threw a surprise party for her friendD) She has always enjoyed great popularity.12. A) They are not used to living in a cold place.B) They feel lucky to live in Florida.C) They are going to have a holiday.D) They have not booked their air tickets yet.13. A) He was pleased to get the medal. C) He used to be a firefighter.(B) He was very courageous. D) He was accused of causing a fire.14。
2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)含答案(完整版)
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机密 启用前大学英语四级考试COLLEGEENGLISHTESTBandFour(2020年9月第1套)试题册ʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀʀ敬告考生一㊁在答题前,请认真完成以下内容:1.请检查试题册背面条形码粘贴条㊁答题卡的印刷质量,如有问题及时向监考员反映,确认无误后完成以下两点要求㊂2.请将试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭下后粘贴在答题卡1的条形码粘贴框内,并将姓名和准考证号填写在试题册背面相应位置㊂3.请在答题卡1和答题卡2指定位置用黑色签字笔填写准考证号㊁姓名和学校名称,并用HB⁃2B铅笔将对应准考证号的信息点涂黑㊂二㊁在考试过程中,请注意以下内容:1.所有题目必须在答题卡上规定位置作答,在试题册上或答题卡上非规定位置的作答一律无效㊂2.请在规定时间内在答题卡指定位置依次完成作文㊁听力㊁阅读㊁翻译各部分考试,作答作文期间不得翻阅该试题册㊂听力录音播放完毕后,请立即停止作答,监考员将立即收回答题卡1,得到监考员指令后方可继续作答㊂3.作文题内容印在试题册背面,作文题及其他主观题必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡指定区域内作答㊂4.选择题均为单选题,错选㊁不选或多选将不得分,作答时必须使用HB⁃2B铅笔在答题卡上相应位置填涂,修改时须用橡皮擦净㊂三㊁以下情况按违规处理:1.未正确填写(涂)个人信息,错贴㊁不贴㊁毁损条形码粘贴条㊂2.未按规定翻阅试题册㊁提前阅读试题㊁提前或在收答题卡期间作答㊂3.未用所规定的笔作答㊁折叠或毁损答题卡导致无法评卷㊂4.考试期间在非听力考试时间佩戴耳机㊂全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会未得到监考教师指令前,不得翻阅该试题册!PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Ship traffic in the Atlantic.C)Exhaust from cars in Europe.B)Warm currents in the ocean.D)Particles emitted by power plants.2.A)They need to be taken seriously.C)They might be causing trouble to air flights.B)They have a huge effect on fishery.D)They may be affecting the world s climate.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.A)To appeal for higher wages.C)To call for a permanent security guard.B)To demand better health care.D)To dismiss the bad⁃tempered supervisor.4.A)It had already taken strong action.C)It would take their appeal seriously.B)It would put customers needs first.D)It was seeking help from the police.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)The road was flooded.C)The road was frozen with snow.B)The road was blocked.D)The road was covered with spilled gas.6.A)A truck plunged into a pool of liquid chocolate.B)The heavy snow made driving very difficult.C)The truck driver dozed off while driving.D)A truck hit a barrier and overturned.7.A)It was a long time before the cleanup was finished.B)It was a hard task to remove the spilled substance.C)It was fortunate that no passenger got injured.D)It was difficult to contact the manufacturer.4㊃1㊀willhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)She wanted to save for a new phone.C)She could enjoy discounts with cash.B)She found it much safer to use cash.D)She had been cheated using phone apps.9.A)They can save a lot more time and trouble.B)They find it less difficult to make purchases.C)They derive greater pleasure from buying things.D)They are less aware of the value of their money.10.A)More valuable items.C)Everyday necessities.B)More non⁃essential things.D)Electronic devices.11.A)It can improve shopping efficiency.C)It may lead to excessive spending.B)It is altering the way of shopping.D)It appeals more to younger people.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)He wanted to order some wooden furniture.B)He had to change the furniture delivery time.C)He had a problem with the furniture delivered.D)He wanted the furniture store to give him a refund.13.A)Send the furniture back to the store.C)Collect the furniture he ordered.B)Describe the furniture he received.D)Buy another brand of furniture.14.A)Correct their mistake.C)Apologize to his wife.B)Improve their service.D)Give the money back.15.A)She recommended a new style.C)She apologized to the man once more.B)She offered some gift to the man.D)She checked all the items with the man.4㊃2㊀threeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Reading books of wisdom.C)Sharing with others.B)Tidying up one s home.D)Donating to charity.17.A)Things that make one happy.C)Things that occupy little space.B)Things that are becoming rare.D)Things that cost a lot of money.18.A)It joined the city s clean⁃up campaign.B)It sold as many as fifty boxes of books.C)It received an incredibly large number of donated books.D)It did little business because of the unusual cold weather.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Give free meals to the homeless.C)Help the vulnerable to cook lunches.B)Provide shelter for the homeless.D)Call for change in the local government.20.A)Strengthen co⁃operation.C)Win national support.B)Promote understanding.D)Follow his example.21.A)Spreading news of his deeds.C)Following the example he sets.B)Writing him thank⁃you notes.D)Sending him hand⁃made bags.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)To solve word search puzzles.C)To test their eyesight using a phone app.B)To send smartphone messages.D)To install some audio equipment in a lab.23.A)They could not go on until the ringing stopped.B)They could no longer concentrate on their task.C)They grabbed the phone and called back right away.D)They asked their experimenter to hang up the phone.4㊃3㊀24.A)A rise in emotional problems.B)A decline in sports activities.C)A reduction in the amount of sleep.D)A decline in academic performance.25.A)Protect the eyesight of the younger generation.B)Take effective measures to raise productivity.C)Realize the disruptive effects of technology.D)Ensure they have sufficient sleep every day.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.There re three main types of financial stress people encounter.The first type is apparent in people being stressed about the㊀26㊀ups and downs of investment markets actually not so much the ups, but㊀27㊀the downs.These people are usually unable or unprepared to endure the long haul.The next common type of financial stress is that caused by debt.In a㊀28㊀percentage of cases of debt⁃induced financial stress,credit cards and loans will be a central element.Often there ll be a car loan and perhaps a mortgage,but credit cards often seem to be the gateway to debt⁃related financial difficulties for many.The third type of stress and㊀29㊀the least known is inherited financial stress,which is the most destructive.It is experienced by those who have grown up in households where their parents regularly㊀30㊀and fought about money.Money therefore becomes a stressful topic,and so the thought of sitting down and planning is an unattractive㊀31㊀.Those suffering inherited financial anxiety㊀32㊀to follow one of two patterns.Either they put their head in the sand:they would㊀33㊀examining their financial statements,budgeting,and discussing financial matters with those closest to them.Alternatively,they would go to the other ㊀34㊀,and micro⁃analyze everything,to the point of complete㊀35㊀.They re convinced that whatever decision they make will be the wrong one.4㊃4㊀A)appearanceB)arguedC)avoidD)considerableE)definitelyF)extremeG)inactionH)incredibly I)normal J)possibly K)proposition L)rebelled M)statement N)tendO)traditionalSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Doctor sorders:LetchildrenjustplayA)Imagine a drug that could enhance a child s creativity and critical thinking.Imagine that this drugwere simple to make,safe to take,and could be had for free.The nation s leadingpediatricians(儿科医生)say this miracle compound exists.In a new clinical report,they are urging doctors to prescribe it liberally to the children in their care.B) This may seem old⁃fashioned,but there are skills to be learned when kids aren t told what todo, said Dr.Michael Yogman,a Harvard Medical School pediatrician who led the drafting of the call to arms.Whether it s rough physical play,outdoor play or pretend play,kids derive important lessons from the chance to make things up as they go,he said.C)The advice,issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics,may come as a shock tosome parents.After spending yearsfretting(烦恼)over which toys to buy,which apps to download and which skill⁃building programs to send their kids to after school,letting them simply play or better yet,playing with them could seem like a step backward.The pediatricians insist that it s not.The academy s guidance does not include specific recommendations for the dosing of play.Instead,it asks doctors to advise parents before their babies turn two that play is essential to healthy development.D) Play is not silly behavior, the academy s report declares.It fosters children s creativity,cooperation and problem⁃solving skills all of which are critical for a21st⁃century workforce.4㊃5㊀When parents engage in play with their children,it builds a wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress,including poverty,the academy says.In the pediatricians view,essentially every life skill that s valued in adults can be built up with play. Collaboration,negotiation,decision⁃making,creativity,leadership,and increased physical activity are just some of the skills and benefits children gain through play, they wrote.The pediatricians appeal comes as kids are being squeezed by increasing academic demands at school and the constant invasion of digital media.E)The trends have been a long time coming.Between1981and1997,detailed time⁃use studiesshowed that the time children spent at play declined by25percent.Since the adoption of sweeping education reforms in2001,public schools have steadily increased the amount of time devoted to preparing for standardized tests.The focus on academic skills and drills has cut deeply intorecess(课间休息)and other time for free play.F)By2009,a study of Los Angeles kindergarten classrooms found that five⁃year⁃olds were soburdened with academic requirements that they were down to an average of just19minutes per day of choice time, when they were permitted to play freely with blocks,toys or other children.One in four Los Angeles teachers reported there was no time at all for free play. Increased academic pressures have left30percent of U.S.kindergarten classes without any recess.Such findings prompted the American Academy of Pediatrics to issue a policy statement in2013on the crucial role of recess in school.G)Pediatricians aren t the only ones who have noticed.In a report titled Crisis in the Kindergarten,a group of educators,health professionals and child advocates called the loss of play in earlychildhood a tragedy,both for the children themselves and for our nation and the world. Kids in play⁃based kindergartens end up equally good or better at reading and other intellectual skills, and they are more likely to become well⁃adjusted healthy people, the Alliance for Childhood said in2009.Indeed,new research demonstrates why playing with blocks might have been time better spent,Yogman said.The trial assessed the effectiveness of an early mathematicsintervention(干预)aimed at preschoolers.The results showed almost no gains in math achievement.H)Another playtime thief:the growing proportion of kids time spent in front of screens and digitaldevices,even among st year,Common Sense Media reported that children up through age eight spent an average of two hours and19minutes in front of screens each day, including an average of42minutes a day for those under two.This increase of digital use comes with rising risks of obesity,sleep deprivation andcognitive(认知的),language and social⁃emotional delays,the American Academy of Pediatrics warned in2016.4㊃6㊀I) I respect that parents have busy lives and it s easy to hand a child an iPhone, Yogman said. Butthere s a cost to that.For young children,it s much too passive.And kids really learn better when they re actively engaged and have to really discover things.J)The decline of play is a special hazard for the roughly1in5children in the United States who live in poverty.These14million children most urgently need to develop theresilience(韧劲)that is cultivated with play.Instead,Yogman said,they are disproportionately affected by some of the trends that are making play scarce:academic pressures at schools that need to improve test scores, outside play areas that are limited or unsafe,and parents who lack the time or energy to share in playtime.K)Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids. The notion that as parents we need to schedule every minute of their time is not doing them a great service, he said.Even well⁃meaning parents may be robbing them of the opportunity to have that joy of discovery and curiosity the opportunity to find things out on their own.L)Play may not be a hard sell to kids.But UCLA pediatrician Carlos Lerner acknowledged that the pediatricians new prescription may meet withskepticism(怀疑)from parents,who are anxious for advice on how to give their kids a leg up in the world.They should welcome the simplicity of the message,Lerner said. It s liberating to be able to offer them this advice:that you spending time with your child and letting him play is one of the most valuable things you can do, he said. It doesn t have to involve spending a lot of money or time,or joining a parenting group.It s something we can offer that s achievable.They just don t recognize it right now as particularlyvaluable.36.Increased use of digital devices steals away children s playtime.37.Since the beginning of this century,an increasing amount of time has been shifted in publicschools from recess to academic activities.38.It has been acknowledged that while kids may welcome pediatricians recommendation,theirparents may doubt its feasibility.39.According to some professionals,deprivation of young children s playtime will do harm not onlyto children themselves but to the country and the world.40.By playing with children,parents can prevent them from being harmed by stress.4㊃7㊀41.Playing with digital devices discourages kids from active discovery,according to pediatrician Dr.Michael Yogman.42.The suggestion of letting children simply play may sound like going backwards to parents whowant to help build their children s skills.43.Dr.Michael Yogman believes the idea that parents should carefully schedule children s time maynot be helpful to their growth.44.One quarter of teachers in an American city said that children in kindergartens had no time forplaying freely.45.According to a pediatrician,no matter what kind of play children engage in,they are learning howto create things.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Americans spend billions of dollars each year trying to change our weight with diets,gym memberships and plastic surgery.Trying to live up to the images of perfect models and movie heroes has a dark side:anxiety, depression,as well as unhealthy strategies for weight loss or muscle gain.It also has a financial cost. Having an eating disorder boosts annual health care costs by nearly US$2,000per person.Why is there both external and internal pressure to look perfect ?One reason is that society rewards people who are thin and healthy⁃looking.Researchers have shown that body mass index is related to wages and income.Especially for women,there is a clear penalty at work for being overweight or obese.Some studies have also found an impact for men,though a less noticeable one.While the research literature is clear that labor market success is partly based on how employers and customers perceive your body image,no one had explored the other side of the question.Does a person s own perception of body image matter to earnings and other indicators of success in the workplace?Our recently published study answered this question by tracking a large national random sample of Americans over a critical time period when bodies change from teenage shape into adult form and4㊃8㊀when people build their identities.As in other research,women in our sample tend to over⁃perceive weight they think they re heavier than they are while men tend to under⁃perceive theirs.We found no relationship between the average person s self⁃perception of weight and labor market outcomes,although self⁃perceived weight can influenceself⁃esteem(自尊心),mental health and health behaviors.While the continued gender penalty in the labor market is frustrating,our finding that misperceived weight does not harm workers is more heartening.Since employers perception of weight is what matters in the labor market,changing discrimination laws to include body type as a category would help.Michigan is the only state that prohibits discrimination on the basis of weight and height.We believe expanding such protections would make the labor market more fair and efficient.46.What does the author say may have an adverse impact on people?A)Undergoing plastic surgeries in pursuit of beauty.B)Imitating the lifestyles of heroes and role models.C)Striving to achieve perfection regardless of financial cost.D)Attempting to meet society s expectation of appearance.47.What have researchers found out about people s earnings?A)They are closely related to people s social status.B)They have to do with people s body weight and shape.C)They seem to matter much less to men than to women.D)They may not be equal to people s contributions.48.What does the author s recent study focus on?A)Previous literature on indicators of competitiveness in the workplace.B)Traits that matter most in one s pursuit of success in the labor market.C)Whether self⁃perception of body image impacts one s workplace success.D)How bosses perception of body image impacts employees advancement.49.What is the finding of the author s recent research?A)Being overweight actually does not do much harm to the overall well⁃being of employees.B)People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self⁃perception of body weight.C)Self⁃esteem helps to combat gender inequality in the workplace.D)Gender inequality continues to frustrate a lot of female employees.4㊃9㊀50.What does the author think would help improve the situation in the labor market?A)Banning discrimination on the basis of employees body image.B)Expanding protection of women against gender discrimination.C)Helping employees change their own perception of beauty.D)Excluding body shape as a category in the labor contract.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Work⁃life balance is dead.By this,I m not advocating that you should give up your quest to have a fulfilling career and a thriving personal life,and I am definitely not saying that you have to give up one to have the other.I also acknowledge that we have a work⁃life problem,but I m arguing that the concept of balance has never been helpful,because it s too limiting.You see,our language makes a difference,and how we refer to things matters because it affects our thinking and therefore our actions.At the minimum,most of us work because we want to be able to support ourselves,our families, and the people around us.In the ideal world,we re all doing work that we re proud of and that provides meaning and purpose to us.But even if your job doesn t give you shivers of joy with each new day,working is a part of what each of us does and the contribution we make to society.When you separate work and life,it s a little bit harder to make that connection.But when you think of work as part of a full life and a complete experience,it becomes easier to see that success in one aspect often supports another.Losing your balance and falling isn t pleasant.A goal to balance suggests that things could quickly get off balance,and that causes terrible outcomes.It s more constructive to think of solutions that continue to evolve over shifts in life and work.Rather than falling or failing,you may have good days or better days or not⁃so⁃good days.These variations are normal,and it s more useful to think of life as something that is ever evolving and changing,rather than a high⁃risk enterprise where things could go wrong with one misstep.How we talk to ourselves matters,and how we talk about issues makes a difference.Let s bury work⁃life balance and think bigger and better about work⁃life fulfillment to do a little less balancing and a lot more living.51.What does the author suggest by saying The work⁃life balance is dead ?A)The hope of achieving a thriving life is impossible to realize.B)The pursuit of a fulfilling career involves personal sacrifice.C)The imbalance between work and life simply doesn t exist anymore.D)The concept of work⁃life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life.4㊃10㊀52.What does the author say about our use of language?A)It impacts how we think and behave.C)It reflects how we communicate.B)It changes with the passage of time.D)It differs from person to person.53.What does the author say we do in an ideal world?A)We do work that betters the lives of our families and friends.B)We do work that gives us bursts of joy each new day.C)We do meaningful work that contributes to society.D)We do demanding work that brings our capacity into full play.54.What does the author say about life?A)It is cyclical.C)It is fulfilling.B)It is dynamic.D)It is risky.55.What does the author advise us to do?A)Make life as simple as possible.C)Balance life and work in a new way.B)Talk about balance in simpler terms.D)Strive for a more fulfilling life.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.茅台(Moutai)是中国最有名的白酒,在新中国成立前夕,被选为国宴用酒㊂据说赤水沿岸的村民四千年前就开始酿造茅台㊂在西汉时期,那里的人们生产出了高质量的茅台,并把它贡给皇帝㊂自唐朝开始,这种地方酒通过海上丝绸之路运往海外㊂茅台味道柔和,有一种特殊的香味;适量饮用可以帮助缓解疲劳,有镇静作用,因而广受国内外消费者的喜爱㊂4㊃11㊀答案PartI㊀Writing(见解析)PartII㊀ListeningComprehensionSectionA1.A㊀㊀2.D㊀㊀3.C㊀㊀4.A㊀㊀5.B㊀㊀6.D㊀㊀7.BSectionB8.A9.D10.B11.C12.C13.B14.A㊀㊀15.CSectionC16.B17.A18.C19.A20.D21.D22.A㊀㊀23.B㊀㊀24.C㊀㊀25.CPartIII㊀ReadingComprehensionSectionA26.I27.E28.D29.J30.B31.K32.N㊀㊀33.C㊀㊀34.F㊀㊀35.GSectionB36.H37.E38.L39.G40.D41.I42.C㊀㊀43.K㊀㊀44.F㊀㊀45.BSectionC46.D47.B48.C49.B50.A51.D52.A㊀㊀53.C㊀㊀54.B㊀㊀55.DPartIV㊀Translation(见解析)㊀㊀。
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2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题及解析(卷一)Part I Writing(30 minutes)For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Learning is a daily experience and lifetime mission.”You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.)They admire the courage of space explorers.B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.C) They were going to watch a wonderful movie.D) They like doing scientific exploration very much.2. A)At a gift shop.B)At a graduation ceremony.C) In the office of a travel agency.D)In a school library.3. A)He used to work in the art gallery.B)He does not have a good memory.C)He declined a job offer form the art gallery.D)He is not interested in any part-time jobs.) Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow. B) He will go to the birthday party after the lecture. C) The woman should have informed him earlier.D) He will be unable to attend the birthday party.) Reward those having made good progress.B) Set a deadline for the staff to meet.C) Assign more workers to the project.D) Encourage the staff to work in small groups.6. A) The way to the visitor’s parking.B) The rate for parking in Lot C.C) How far away the parking lot is.D) Where she can leave her car.7. A) He regrets missing the classes.B) He plans to take the fitness classes.C) He is looking forward to a better life.D) He has benefited form exercise.) How to work efficiency.B) How to select secretaries.C)The responsibilities of secretaries.D) The secretaries in the man’s company.Conversation OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.) It is more difficult to learn than English.B) It is used by more people than English.C) It will be as commonly used as English.D) It will eventually become a world language.) It has words words from many languages,B) Its popularity with the common people.C) The influence of the British Empire.D) The effect of the Industrial Revolution.) It includes a lot of words form other languages.B) It has a growing number of newly coined words,C) It can be easily picked up by overseas travelers.D) It is the largest among all languages in the world.Conversation 2Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have justheard.) To return some goods.B) To apply for a job.C) To place an order.D) To make a complaint.13. A) He has become somewhat impatient with the woman.B) He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.C) He has not worked in the sales department for long.D) He works on a part-time basis for the company.14. A) It is not his responsibility.B) It will be free for large orders.C) It costs 15 more for express delivery.D) It depends on a number of factors.) Report the information to her superior.B) Pay a visit to the saleswoman in charge.C) Ring back when she comes to a decision.D) Make inquiries with some other companies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) No one knows exactly where they wereB) No one knows for sure when thy came into being.C) No one knows for what purpose they wereD) No one knows what they will17. A) Carry ropes across rivers.B) Measure the speed of wind.C) Pass on secret messages.D) Give warnings of danger.18. A) To protect houses against lightning.B) To test the effects of the lightning rod.C) To find out the strength of silk for kites.D) To prove the lightning is electricity.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) She enjoys teaching languages.B) She can speak several languages.C) She was trained to be an interpreter.D) She was born with a talent for languages.20. A) They acquire an immunity to culture shock.B) They would like to live abroad permanently.C) They want to learn as many foreign languages as possible.D)They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.) She became an expert in horse racing.B) She got a chance to visit several European countries.C) She was able to translate for a German sports judge.D) She learned to appreciate classical music.22. A) Taste the beef and give her comment.B) Take part in a cooking competition.C) Teach vocabulary for food inD) Give cooking lessons onPassage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) He had only a third-grade education.B) He once threatened to kill his teacher.C) He grew up in a poorD) He often helped his) Careless.B) Stupid.C) Brave.D) Active.) Write two book reports a week.B) Keep a diary.C) Help with housework.D) Watch educationSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.When you look up at the night sky, what do you see There are other bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most of this is a comet. Comets were formed around the same the earth was formed. They are made up of ice and other frozen liquids and gasses. these dirty snow balls begin to orbit the sun just as the planets do. As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gasses in it begin to unfreeze. They combine with dust particles from the comet to form a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun and solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet thus forming its tail. The tail and generally fuzzy atmosphere around the comet are thatcan help this phenomenon in the night sky. In any given year, about dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the _________eye. Comet Hale-Bopp discovered in 1995 was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit bought it _________to the earth within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another 4 thousand years or so.Part Ш Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. November and December 36 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two 37 , record-cold days will likely turn out to haveoutnumbered record-warm ones. But the . was the exception; November was the warmest ever 38 , and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record.Enjoy the snow now, because 39 are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That’s because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an EI Niuo year.EI niuo, Spanish for “the child”, 40 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the 41 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. EI Ninos are 42 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 43 dry weather. Marine life may be affected too; EI Ninos can 44 the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich(营养丰富的)water that supports large fish 45 ,and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral(珊瑚).注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。