初中英语笔记大全(精华版)
初英语知识点笔记整理
初英语知识点笔记整理初一英语知识点笔记整理一、词汇(一)名词1、名词的分类普通名词:如 book(书)、desk(桌子)、student(学生)等。
专有名词:如China(中国)、Beijing(北京)、Tom(汤姆)等。
2、名词的数可数名词:有单数和复数形式。
规则变化:一般在词尾加 s ,如 book books ;以 s 、x 、ch 、sh结尾的加 es ,如 bus buses ;以辅音字母+ y 结尾的,变 y 为 i 再加es ,如 city cities ;以 f 或 fe 结尾的,变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 es ,如 knife knives 。
不规则变化:如 man men 、woman women 、child children 、foot feet 、tooth teeth 等。
不可数名词:没有复数形式,如 water(水)、milk(牛奶)、bread(面包)等。
(二)动词1、动词的种类实义动词:表示具体的动作,如 run(跑)、eat(吃)、study(学习)等。
系动词:如 be (am 、is 、are )、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)等。
助动词:如 do 、does 、did 等,用于构成疑问句和否定句。
情态动词:如 can (能、会)、may (可以)、must (必须)等。
2、动词的时态一般现在时:表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
主语是第三人称单数时,动词要用第三人称单数形式。
现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作,结构为“be +动词的现在分词”。
一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作,动词要用过去式。
(三)形容词和副词1、形容词:用于修饰名词,如 beautiful (美丽的)、big (大的)、good (好的)等。
2、副词:用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,如 quickly (快地)、very (非常)、carefully (仔细地)等。
3、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化:一般在词尾加 er 、est ,如 tall taller tallest ;以 e 结尾的加 r 、st ,如 nice nicer nicest ;重读闭音节词,双写末尾辅音字母再加 er 、est ,如 hot hotter hottest ;多音节词和部分双音节词,在前面加 more 、most ,如 interesting more interesting most interesting 。
(完整版)初中英语笔记(精华版)
初中英语笔记大全(精华版)● This is the key to the door 。
这是开门的钥匙。
● ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧电话号码电话号码at .sth .sb call call sb. = phone sb. = ring sb. upplease give me a call .请打电话给我● family 指家庭时是单数,谓语动词用“is ”,family 指家人时是复数,谓语动词用“are ”。
● of 表示无生命物体的所有格,s 表示有生命物体的所有格。
有生命物体的所有格也可以用of ,但有生命物体后要加“s ”.● 以副词there 或here 开头的句子常要倒装,以示强调。
● What's your name , please ? = Could you tell me your name , please? = May I have your name , please ?● Nice to meet you 。
= Glad to meet you 。
= Pleased to meet you.● 写启示的方法:1.启示的主题;2。
描述细节;3。
留下联系方式.● 表示惊讶、忧伤、微怒、失望等,可以用dear 作感叹词。
●名词如果有数量词修饰它,使用谓语动词适应看他的数量词,如: ⎩⎨⎧keys of sets two are here keys of set a is here● get to somewhere (get home 除外)到达……● ⎩⎨⎧)无生命物体的“有”(is there )有生命物体的“有”( have 有 ● 肯定:Let+宾语(人称代词的宾格或名词)+ V 原型+……否定:Don't let +宾语+V 原型+……/Let + 宾语 + not + V 原型+……● have 表示“有”时才可以用来提问或写成否定“haven’t”.● ⎩⎨⎧⋯⋯⋯⋯? you will 问: )听话的人include 不(us Let ? we shall 问: )说话的人和听话的人(include s Let'●myself (我自己) yourself(你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们自己)● How much + be + 商品?(答:It’s/They're……) = What is the price of ……?(答:It ’s ……) ● cent 美分 One dollar =100 cents● other(两者中的另一个) another (三者中的另一个)●越接近物品本身性质的形容词越靠近物品,如:big blue hat●帮助某人做某事help sb。
知识 学霸初中三年精华英语笔记 ! 英语老师都惊呼“太全了”
知识| 学霸初中三年精华英语笔记! 英语老师都惊呼“太全了”今天老师为大家分享的是初中英语学习笔记大全,涵盖了初中三年考点,按字母顺序排列,方便大家查看,大家一定要好好利用这份资料~1A(感官动词)+do at look 、to 、listen 、feel 、find 、notice 、hear (see 1 jump. monkeys watching like eg:I比较级)+ and + (比较级2 表示越来越怎么样小菜一碟(容易)=easy cake of piece a3 赞成某人sb with agree4 各种各样of kinds all5一样of kind a world whole the = world the over all6 整个世界with同……一道,伴随……along7 you. with along go will I : eg 我将和你一起去一怎么样就怎么样as soon As8你是知道的see can you as9 for ask10向…要…(直接接想要的东西)……求助,向某人什么sth for sb ask11 让某人某事sth do to sb ask12 叫某人不要做某事do to not sb ask在……岁时of age the at13eg:. sixteen am Isixteen. of age the at am I……of beginning the at14……的起初;……的开始+地点/+时间: of end the at15 最后,尽头,末尾.day. the of end the At : eg在每年的这个时候year of time this at162B+从句clause /that sth of confident /feel be17感觉/对什么有信心,自信test. the pass can I that feel I English spoken my of confident feel / am I : eg:doing + be 18 将来时 2 现在进行时 1 能够……原)v (+ can = 原) v (+ to able be19sing. can She sing to able is She : eg能够干什么sth do to able be20恐惧,害怕……sth (of do to afraid be21. night at out go to afraid I'm : eg被允许做什么do to allowed be22 我被允许看电视TV. watch to allowed I'm eg: 我应该被允许看电视TV. watch to allowed be should I生某人的气sb with angry be23 me with angry be Don't : eg为什么而生某人的气sth doing for sb with(at) angry be24和什么一样as…原级…as be25她和我一样高me as tall as is She : egto ashamed be26 远离from away be27 从……离开from away be28 对什么有害for bad be29eyes. your for bad is sun the in books Reading : eg 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好出生于born be30 忙于做什么事sth doing busy be忙于……sth with busy be当心;careful be32 小心和什么不一样from……different be33以……著名for famous be34 对某人友好sb to friendly be35 来自from come = from be36:eg. Bejing from is He. Bejing from comes He ? Bejing from he Is ? Bejing from come he Does装满……的of full be37 充满with filled be. water of full is glass The eg:. water with filled is glass Theglad+to+do/从句be38 将来时v(原)+ to going be39in well do = at(+doing) good be40 善于……在某方面善长,对什么有好处for good be41 English. your for good is aloud Reading : eg很高兴做某事do to happy be42 对某人有好处sb to helpful be43 . you to helpful is aloud Reading : eg . bady your to helpful is Exercising身体健康health good in be44 处于困难中trouble in be对某方面感兴趣in interested be46 迟到to late come = for late be47 上课迟到class for late Be eg:像……like be48 mother my like I'm : eg 生某人的气at mad be49 (制成以后看不见原材料) 由……制成from made be50由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) of made be51 表不确定sure not be52 参观to visit a on be53 受某人欢迎sb with popular be54 安静quiet be55表**的缩写for short be56 陶俊杰for short is 陶eg:生病在床bed in sick be57对...感到抱歉sb for sorry / be sth do to sorry be58 . you for sorry am I : eg很抱歉听到...(消息)that hear to sorry be 59很抱歉打扰sb trouble to sorry be60严于做某事sth doing in strict be61noles. obeying in strict He's : eg对某人要求严格sb with strict be62 有些学生对自己不严格themselves. with strict not are students Some eg:某方面对某人严格sth in sb with strict be63 被要求干什么do to supposed be64表确定sure be65 对做某事有信心sth doing of sure be66well. English learning of sure am I winning of sure is He eg: 对做某事有信心sth of sure be67我相信我的大脑(老师)teacher. /my head my of sure I'm eg: 对做某事有信心sth that sure be68 test. the pass can he that suer I'm eg:sth一定会做某事do to sure be69 我们一定会通过这次考试test. the pass to sure are We eg: 我们一定能学好英语well. English learn to sure Weare害怕……名/动doing + of terrified be70 害怕做某事sth do to terrified be71和什么一样…as same the be72 习惯做某事sth doing to used be73early. up getting to used is father My eg:我爸爸习惯早起。
初中三年精华英语笔记
初中三年精华英语笔记今天为大家分享的是初中英语学习笔记大全,涵盖了初中三年考点,按字母顺序排列,方便大家查看,大家一定要好好利用这份资料~A1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+doeg:I like watching monkeys jump.2 (比较级+ and + 比较级)表示越来越怎么样3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world整个世界7 along with同……一道,伴随……eg : I will go along with you.我将和你一起去8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for……求助, 向…要…(直接接想要的东西)11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 让某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在……岁时eg:I am sixteen .I am at the age of sixteen.14 at the beginning of …………的起初;……的开始15 at the end of +地点/+时间:最后,尽头,末尾.eg : At the end of the day.16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候B17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test.18 be + doing :1 现在进行时 2 将来时19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够……eg : She is able to sing She can sing.20 be able to do sth 能够干什么eg :she is able to sing.21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕……eg : I'm afraid to go out at night .22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气eg : Don't be angry with me24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed to27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事be busy with sth 忙于……32 be careful 当心;小心33 be different from……和什么不一样34 be famous for 以……著名35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好36 be from = come from 来自eg :He is from Bejing .He comes from Bejing .Is he from Bejing ?Does he come from Bejing ?37 be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满eg: The glass is full of water .The glass is filled with water .38 be glad+to+do/从句39 be going to + v(原)将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in在某方面善长, 善于……41 be good for 对什么有好处eg : Reading aloud is good for your English.42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you . Exercising is helpful to your bady .44 be in good health 身体健康45 be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble.46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47 be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class 上课迟到48 be like 像……eg : I'm like my mother49 be mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52 be not sure 表不确定53 be on a visit to 参观54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎55 be quiet 安静56 be short for 表**的缩写eg: 陶is short for 陶俊杰57 be sick in bed 生病在床58 be sorry to do sth / be sorry for sb 对...感到抱歉eg : I am sorry for you .59 be sorry to hear that 很抱歉听到...(消息)60 be sorry to trouble sb 很抱歉打扰61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事eg : He's strict in obeying noles.62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with themselves. 有些学生对自己不严格63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么65 be sure 表确定66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well.67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head /my teacher. 我相信我的大脑(老师)68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test.69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test. 我们一定会通过这次考试Weare sure to learn English well. 我们一定能学好英语70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the same as …和什么一样73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My father is used to getting up early.我爸爸习惯早起。
初中生英语笔记
初中生英语笔记一、词汇。
1. 名词。
- 可数名词复数变化规则。
- 一般情况加 -s,如book - books,pen - pens。
- 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的加 -es,如bus - buses,box - boxes,watch - watches,dish - dishes。
- 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加 -es,如baby - babies,city - cities。
- 以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v加 -es,如knife - knives,leaf - leaves(但也有一些直接加 -s的,如roof - roofs)。
- 不可数名词。
- 常见的不可数名词有water,milk,bread,paper等。
它们没有复数形式,表达数量时可以用a piece of,a glass of等短语,如a piece of paper,a glass of water。
2. 动词。
- 动词的第三人称单数形式。
- 规则变化与可数名词复数变化规则类似。
一般情况加 -s,如like - likes;以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加 -es,如go - goes,do - does;以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加 -es,如fly - flies。
- 动词的时态。
- 一般现在时。
- 表示经常或习惯性的动作或状态。
结构:主语+动词原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词用第三人称单数形式)。
例如:I often play football. He often plays football.- 现在进行时。
- 表示正在进行的动作。
结构:be动词(am/is/are)+动词的 -ing形式。
例如:I am reading a book. They are playing games.- 一般过去时。
- 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
规则动词过去式一般在词尾加 -ed,如play - played,work - worked;不规则动词有特殊的过去式形式,如go - went,have - had。
完整word版学霸初中三年精华英语笔记
完整word版学霸初中三年精华英语笔记学霸初中三年精华英语笔记时19beableto(+v原1)=can(+v原)能够……Aeg:SheiabletoingShecan(ee、hear、notice、find、feel、1 ing.atlook(感官动词)+dolitento、20beabletodoeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeyjump.th能够干什么eg:heiableand++比较级)toing.2(比较级21beafraidtodo(of表示越来越怎么样th恐惧,害怕……小菜一碟cake=eay3apieceof eg:I'mafraidtogo(容易)outatnight.b4agreewith赞成某人22beallowedtodo被允许做什么of5allkind 各种各样eg:kindaof一样I'mallowedtowatchTV.我被允许看电视over6alltheworld=wholetheIhouldbeworldallowedtowatchTV.我应该被允许看电视整个世界23beangrywith同……一道,伴随……7alongwithb生某人的气eg:Don'tbeangrywithmegoeg:Iwillalongwithyou.24beangrywith(at)我将和你一起去bfordoingth一怎么样就怎么样oon8Aa为什么而生某人的气25be你是知道的a…原级…a和什么一样ee9ayoucaneg10ak:Sheiatallaforme她和我一样高……求助,向…要…(直接接想要的东西)26beahamedtoth11akbfor向某人什么27be让某人某事thak12btodoawayfrom远离28beawayfromdonotakbto叫某人不要做某事从……离开29bebadfor对什么有害ageat13theof在……岁时eg:Readingbook.am:egIi某teenintheunibadtheamIatageforyourofi某teen.eye.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好ofthe14atbeginning……30beborn出生于……的起初;……的开始31时间/++endat15theof地点bebuydoingth忙于做什么事:be末尾尽头最后,,.buywithth忙于……32ofthe:egAtendbecareful当心;小心day.thefriendlyto2b对某人友好be35from来自be36B.ifromBejing/thatthconfident/feelbe17ofeg:HeBejingI自信,对什么有信心/感觉hefromIEnglihpoken装满……的fullcanIthatfeel37beof充满betet.pathefilledwith.wateroffulliglaTheeg:将来2现在进行时1:doing+be18Theglaifilledwithwater.62betrictwithb对某人要求严格eg:Sometudentarenottrict38beglad+to+do/从句withthemelve.39begoingto+v(原)将来时有些学生对自己不严格63betrictwithbinwell40begoodat(+doing)=dointh某方面在某方面善长,善于……对某人严格64beuppoedtodofor对什么有好处被要求干什么41begood65beure表确定eg:Readingaloudigoodfor66beureofdoingth对做某事有yourEnglih.信心behappytodo很高兴做某事42eg:Hei对某人有好处43behelpfultobureofwinningIamureoflearningEnglihwell.toeg:Readin galoudihelpful67beureofth对做某事有信心you.eg:I'mureofE某erciingihelpfultoyourmyhead/myteacher.bady.我相信我的大脑(老师)68be44beingoodhealth身体健康urethatth对做某事有信心eg:I'muerthathecanpathe45beintrouble处于困难中tet.egtrouble.Sheiin:我们一定会通过这次考试到Weare上课迟到Beeg:lateforclauretolearnEnglihwell.我们一定能学好英语像……48belike70beterrifiedof+名/动doing害motherlike:egI'mmy怕……49生某人的气bemadat71beterrifiedtodo由……制成frombe50made(制成以th害怕做某事后看不见原材料)72betheame(be51madeof由……制成制成以后还看a…和什么一样73beuedtodoing得见原材料)th习惯做某事eg:Myfatherurebe52not表不确定iuedtogettingupearly.toa53beonviit参观我爸爸习惯早起。
初中英语读书笔记
初中英语读书笔记初中英语读书笔记(精选10篇)我们在阅读书籍或文章时,遇到文中精彩的部分或好词佳句和自己的心得、体会,随时随地把它写下来的一种文体。
以下是小编整理的初中英语读书笔记,欢迎阅读。
初中英语读书笔记篇1One hot summer day, Alice and her sister are sitting under the tree. Alice sees a white rabbit, and she run after it. The rabbit goes down a rabbit whole and Alice follows it, she is now in a strange wonderland. Alice eats some special things, and she changes her size!Everything is different and strange there. The animals there can speak! Alice meets many interesting things. At last, she wakes up. It’s just a dream!初中英语读书笔记篇2The story includes three parts. They are respectively talking about: Gulliver in Lilliput, in Brobdingnag, and in Houyhnms.Gulliver travels to the South Seas. On their way to the East Indies, a strong wind carried them to the wrong way. Most of the people died. Some days later, he comes to Lilliput, everything is small there. Three days later, he comes to Brobdingnag. This country is opposite from Lilliput, the thing are huge, very huge! Then he travels to a place called Houyhnms, which is also very interesting.初中英语读书笔记篇3Story started in 1866. Aronnax, a natural historian, was studying for a large monster under the sea. At that time, the monster’s massa gers were traveling around the world.After the investigation, he would return from aboard. Andthen he received an invitation from sea forces of America. So he was going to make the monster die out.初中英语读书笔记篇4Since reading this book, I know less than their own, not because of learning one or two do not go well and lose confidence, but more test well, the more to be a good test. From now on, I do not care what kind of difficulties encountered, we must face with confidence, insisted in the end, and never flinched.I would like to thank the book, thanks to it so that I have learned so much knowledge, it let me know how to thank so many reason, let me know for its own lack of timely and correct their own shortcomings, so that I become a socially useful people. Sharks may be seen as a blow to eat our success and happiness. But as the child said: "It does not beat you, it does not." A real strong, can only be destroyed can not be beat. Solely, which is "Old Man and the Sea" tells us.初中英语读书笔记篇5Tonight I watched the movie for the third time. I really enjoy this film so much.So what's your choice between being a common person or a hero with people's reects? Most people will choose the latter. But what will be your choice if the cost is laying your lover among the risks? What will it be if the cost is you can never tell the girl, who you love so much, that you love her? The ider man had this contradiction. But finally he still chose the latter, not in order to be a hero, but to make this word peaceful.I was so moved by the words the Aunt Mary said:You will never guess what he wants to be, the ider man. He knows the hero when he sees one, too a few characters out there, flying all around out there, saving old girls like me. Lord knowskids like Henry need hero courageous, sacrificing for people, setting examples for all of us. Everybody loves a hero. People enthrone them, cheer them, scream their names and years later they will tell how they stood in the rain for hours just to get a glimpse the one who taught them to hold on to stand longer. I believe there is a hero in all of us. They keep us be honest, give us strength, make us noble, and finally allow us to die with proud. Ever though sometimes we have to initiatively give up the thing we want most, even our dreams. Spider man did that for Henry, so he wants to know where he is gone. He needs him.The ider man got much from these words, so did I. And what about you? what's the hero lying in you?初中英语读书笔记篇6Hello,everyone.I am so glad to stand here.First of all,I will introduce myself.My name is...,I am...years old this year.I have many hobbies,such as:reading.dancing.writing and so on.Also I like English very much.I think English is very useful for us,because many many people in the world can speak English,if I learn it well,I can talk with them and make friends with them.Besides these,I also like doing some exercises.Doing exercises can make us healthier.Health is so important for us,we can not doing anything without a good health.So,we can do exercises togher in the future.I also like help others,when you are in trouble,I will do anything that I can.Of course,I hope you my classmates can help me too.At the last,I wish we can become good friends and everybody can get a good result at the end !初中英语读书笔记篇7The Red and the Black is a profound and witty book about the rise of a poor, handsome and intellectually gifted, youngprovincial into the salons of High Society in Paris.Handsome and ambitious, Julien Sorel is determined to rise above his humble peasant origins and make something of his life-by adopting the code of hypocrisy by which his society operates. Julien ultimately commits a crime-out of passion, principle, or insanity-that will bring about his downfall. The Red and the Black is a lively, satirical picture of French Restoration society after Waterloo, riddled with corruption, greed, and ennui. The complex, sympathetic portrayal of Julien, the cold exploiter whose Machiavellian campaign is undercut by his own emotions, makes him Stendhal's most brilliant and human creation-and one of the greatest characters in European literature.I really enjoyed this book. Unlike many reviewers, I feel the book does transcend time. American people and culture today, computers and all, are a lot like those in Stendhal's 19th century France.The main characters strike me as real, and quite complex. Julien is a typical adolescent/ young adult: Idealistic, searching and unsure of himself. To me, it is amazing to what how the world interacts with and alters his self-image. Mathilde is equally interesting. She reminds me of a flighty alternative girl, looking for a dream of simmering romance. And MME de Renal is a wonderful, believable woman, falling in love late in life, victim of the missing husband syndrome.Like people today, Stedhal's characters are a bundle of contradictions. Is Julien a villain, an angel, a self-serving climber or a man truly in love, searching for his higher self? Aloof or loveable? Is MME de Renal a devout, moral patroness, devoted to her family, or the vilest of adulators, ready to turn her back on duty for the simmer of love? Is Mathilde submissive, or arrogantand dominant? The answer to all questions is yes. We are all divided.Be honest with yourself for a minute. Aren't people sometimes cruel, and sometimes kind; Sometimes, honest, sometimes mildly deceitful, telling white lies, and sometimes bold-faced liars? Since Stendhal is faithful to this, and does not give us character in black and white, he has produced a masterpiece.初中英语读书笔记篇8Thoughts or reflections on reading Wuthering HeightsThe book was written by Emily Bronte, it published in 1847。
初三英语知识点笔记整理
初三英语知识点笔记整理一、词汇1、名词(1)可数名词与不可数名词:可数名词有复数形式,不可数名词没有复数形式。
例如:apple(可数)、water(不可数)。
(2)名词所有格:表示所属关系。
如:Tom's book(汤姆的书)、teachers' office(教师办公室)。
2、动词(1)时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。
一般现在时:表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是第三人称单数时,动词要加“s”或“es”。
一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,动词要用过去式。
一般将来时:表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态,常见结构有“will +动词原形”和“be going to +动词原形”。
现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作,结构是“be +动词的现在分词”。
过去进行时:表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作,结构是“was/were +动词的现在分词”。
现在完成时:表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,结构是“have/has +过去分词”。
(2)动词短语:如 look after(照顾)、put on(穿上)等。
3、形容词和副词(1)比较级和最高级:形容词和副词都有比较级和最高级形式,用于比较程度的不同。
规则变化:一般在词尾加“er”“est”;以“e”结尾的加“r”“st”;重读闭音节词双写末尾字母再加“er”“est”;多音节词和部分双音节词在前面加“more”“most”。
不规则变化:如 good better best,bad worse worst 等。
(2)形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词、形容词和其他副词。
4、代词(1)人称代词:主格(I, you, he, she, it, we, they)和宾格(me, you, him, her, it, us, them)。
(2)物主代词:形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs)。
初英语知识点笔记整理
初英语知识点笔记整理一、词汇1、名词可数名词与不可数名词:可数名词有复数形式,如 apples;不可数名词没有复数形式,如 water。
名词所有格:表示所属关系,如 Tom's book(汤姆的书)。
2、动词动词的时态:一般现在时(表示经常发生的动作或状态)、一般过去时(表示过去发生的动作)、一般将来时(表示将来要发生的动作)等。
动词的语态:主动语态和被动语态。
被动语态的构成是“be +过去分词”,如 The book was written by him(这本书是他写的。
)3、形容词和副词形容词的比较级和最高级:用于比较程度,如 taller(更高)、the tallest(最高)。
副词的用法:修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,如 He runs fast(他跑得快。
)4、代词人称代词:I、you、he、she、it、we、they 等。
物主代词:my、your、his、her、its、our、their 等。
5、介词常见介词的用法:如 in(在……里面)、on(在……上面)、at (在……)等。
二、语法1、句子结构简单句:由主语、谓语组成,如 He studies hard复合句:包括宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
2、疑问句一般疑问句:用 yes 或 no 回答,如 Do you like English?特殊疑问句:由特殊疑问词引导,如 What do you do?三、听力1、培养听力习惯每天坚持听英语,可以听英语歌曲、广播、电影等。
2、听力技巧提前浏览题目,了解听力的大致内容。
抓住关键词和关键句。
四、阅读1、阅读技巧快速浏览文章,掌握大意。
遇到生词,不要立即查字典,可以通过上下文猜测词义。
2、阅读理解题型细节理解题:在文章中找到具体的信息。
主旨大意题:概括文章的中心思想。
五、写作1、写作格式书信、日记、通知等不同文体的格式要求。
2、写作步骤审题,明确写作的主题和要求。
列提纲,构思文章的结构和内容。
初中英语学习笔记大全
初中英语学习笔记大全第一篇:英语基础知识笔记英语是全世界通用的语言之一,也是我们学习中不可或缺的一门语言。
掌握一些基础知识对于学习英语非常重要。
以下是一些常见的英语基础知识点:1. 英语字母表:英语字母共有26个,可以分为元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)和辅音字母(其他字母)。
2. 大小写使用:英语中,句子的开头和人名通常是用大写字母,而其他地方通常使用小写字母。
3. 代词:代词用来替代名词,并可以分为主格代词(I, you, he, she, it, we, they)和宾格代词(me, you, him, her, it, us, them)。
4. 时态:英语有多种时态,包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
每种时态都用于不同的情况,了解并正确使用时态对于准确表达自己的意思非常重要。
5. 介词:介词是用来表达位置、方向、目的等的词语,常见的有in, on, under, with等。
6. 形容词和副词:形容词用来描述名词的特征,而副词则用来描述动词的行为。
形容词通常放在名词前,而副词通常放在动词后。
7. 句子结构:英语句子的基本结构为主语+谓语(动词)+宾语。
学习句子结构可以帮助我们正确理解和构造句子。
8. 词汇积累:掌握足够的词汇对于学习英语非常重要。
可以通过课本、阅读和背单词等方式来积累词汇。
第二篇:听力技巧笔记在学习英语的过程中,听力是非常重要的一项技能。
以下是一些提高听力技巧的方法:1. 多听英语:多听英语有助于提高对英语的听力理解能力。
可以通过听英语歌曲、看英语电影或听英语广播等方式进行听力训练。
2. 注意语音语调:语音语调是英语中非常重要的一部分,它能够帮助我们正确理解和发音单词。
要注意学习和模仿英语中的语音语调。
3. 拓展词汇量:掌握更多的词汇可以帮助我们更好地理解听力材料。
可以通过背单词、扩大阅读范围等方式来拓展词汇量。
4. 注意上下文:在听力理解的过程中,要通过上下文来理解某个单词或短语的意思。
七年级英语笔记大全
七年级英语笔记大全一. 词汇⑴ 单词1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中", "在……内"。
例如:in our class 在我们班上in my bag 在我的书包里in the desk 在桌子里in the classroom 在教室里2). on 表示"在……上"。
例如:on the wall 在墙上on the desk 在桌子上on the blackboard 在黑板上3). under表示"在……下"。
例如:under the tree 在树下under the chair 在椅子下under the bed 在床下4). behind表示"在……后面"。
例如:behind the door 在门后behind the tree 在树后5). near表示"在……附近"。
例如:near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近near the bed 在床附近6). at表示"在……处"。
例如:at school 在学校at home 在家at the door 在门口7). of 表示"……的"。
例如:a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画a map of China 一张中国地图2. 冠词 a / an / the:冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。
冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。
不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。
a 用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple.a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。
This is a cat.这是一只猫。
初中英语知识点总结笔记
初中英语知识点总结笔记一、词汇与短语1. 基础词汇- 常见名词:家庭成员、学校科目、日常用品、颜色、数字、天气等。
- 动词:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的动词变化规则。
- 形容词和副词:描述人、物、地点的特征。
- 代词:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词等。
2. 短语- 常见短语动词:look after, take care of, find out, turnoff等。
- 介词短语:in the morning, on the table, by the way, atthe moment等。
- 常用连词:and, but, or, because, if, though, although等。
二、语法1. 时态- 一般现在时:表示经常发生的动作或现在的状态。
- 一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态。
- 一般将来时:表示将来会发生的动作或状态。
- 现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作。
- 过去进行时:表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
- 将来进行时:表示将来某一时刻将要进行的动作。
2. 语态- 被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者,而非执行者。
- 一般现在时被动语态:am/is/are + past participle。
- 一般过去时被动语态:was/were + past participle。
- 现在进行时被动语态:am/is/are being + past participle。
3. 句型- 陈述句:表达事实或观点。
- 疑问句:提出问题,寻求答案。
- 否定句:表达否定意义。
- 命令句:发出命令或请求。
- 感叹句:表达惊讶、高兴等强烈情感。
4. 非谓语动词- 动名词:作为名词使用,可以作主语、宾语等。
- 分词:现在分词和过去分词,用作形容词或副词。
- 不定式:to + 动词原形,可以作主语、宾语、表语等。
5. 从句- 名词性从句:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
初中英语读书笔记
初中英语读书笔记篇一:初中英语学习笔记大全精华版中考必看初三九年级复习初中英语笔记大全(精华版)? This is the key to the door .这是开门的钥匙。
? ?sb.?call?电话号码?sth. at 电话号码?call sb. = phone sb. = ring sb. upplease give me a call .请打电话给我family指家庭时是单数,谓语动词用“is”,family指家人时是复数,谓语动词用“are”。
of表示无生命物体的所有格,s表示有生命物体的所有格。
有生命物体的所有格也可以用of,但有生命物体后要加“s”。
以副词there或here开头的句子常要倒装,以示强调。
What’s your name, please? = Could you tell me your name, please? = May I have your name, please?Nice to meet you. = Glad to meet you. = Pleased to meet you.写启示的方法:1.启示的主题;2.描述细节;3.留下联系方式。
表示惊讶、忧伤、微怒、失望等,可以用dear作感叹词。
名词如果有数量词修饰它,使用谓语动词适应看他的数量词,如: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??here is a set of keys ??here are two sets of keys? get to somewhere (get home除外)到达??? ?have (有生命物体的“有”) 有?there is (无生命物体的“有”)?? 肯定:Let+宾语(人称代词的宾格或名词)+ V原型+??否定:Don’t let +宾语+V原型+??/Let + 宾语 + not + V原型+??? have表示“有”时才可以用来提问或写成否定“haven’t”。
【最新推荐】初中英语语法精华笔记大全汇总(4)
初中英语语法精华笔记大全汇总第一课时名词一、概述1、名词的属性:表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。
2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。
普通名词是表示某一类人或事物,或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。
如:teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等,专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。
(运用)如:China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。
(专有名词的第一个字母要大写)二、可数名词与不可数名词1、可数名词是指表示人或事物,可以用数来计量的名词,有单复数之分。
如:glass-----glasses; book---- books2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
如:paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。
3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。
Light travels faster than sound; (light:光线,不可数) The lights are on.(light:灯,可数)4、不可数名词的量的表示不可数名词一般无法用数来计算,前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量,它的量往往借助于容器来表示。
如:a glass of milk ------four glasses of milka piece of paper------ two pieces of papera bag of rice------ three bags of rice三、可数名词的复数形式(识记、运用)1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分,单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 四、名词所有格(运用)名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式,它也有构成上的变化。
初中英语提分笔记(精华版55页全)
初中英语笔记大全(精华版)This is the key to the door .这是开门的钥匙。
电话号码电话号码at .sth .sb call call sb. = phone sb. = ring sb. upplease give me a call .请打电话给我family 指家庭时是单数,谓语动词用“is ”,family 指家人时是复数,谓语动词用“are ”。
of 表示无生命物体的所有格,s 表示有生命物体的所有格。
有生命物体的所有格也可以用of ,但有生命物体后要加“s ”。
以副词there 或here 开头的句子常要倒装,以示强调。
What ’s your name, please? = Could you tell me your name, please? = May I have your name, please?Nice to meet you. = Glad to meet you. = Pleased to meet you.写启示的方法:1.启示的主题;2.描述细节;3.留下联系方式。
表示惊讶、忧伤、微怒、失望等,可以用dear 作感叹词。
名词如果有数量词修饰它,使用谓语动词适应看他的数量词,如:keysof sets two are here keysof set a is here get to somewhere (get home 除外)到达,,)无生命物体的“有”(is there )有生命物体的“有”(have 有肯定:Let+宾语(人称代词的宾格或名词)+ V 原型+,,否定:Don ’t let +宾语+V 原型+,,/Let + 宾语 + not + V 原型+,,have 表示“有”时才可以用来提问或写成否定“haven ’t ”。
?you will 问:)听话的人include 不(us Let ? we shall 问:)说话的人和听话的人(include sLet'联系动词be 动词+ adj.作表语感官动词look 看sound 听smell 闻taste 尝fell触反身代词:myself (我自己) yourself(你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们自己)How much + be + 商品?(答:It ’s/They ’re,,) = What is the price of ,,?(答:It ’s,,)cent 美分 One dollar =100 centsother(两者中的另一个) another (三者中的另一个)越接近物品本身性质的形容词越靠近物品,如:big blue hat帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth.help sb. with sth.with the help (n.) of sb. e.g. He studies math well, with the help of teacher.一般将来时的一般形式:主语+will+动词原形+,,Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = (Is there) anything I can do for you?welcomea.受欢迎的v.欢迎n.欢迎get a warm welcome 得到热烈欢迎be动词不加动词原形“hundred,thousand”与基数词一起表示具体数字时不加“s”。
初中英语总复习+笔记大全
初三英语总复习笔记七年级(上)Unit 1 复习要点短语和句子1、Good morning/ Good afternoon / evening .早上/下午/晚上好2、(It’s) Nice to meet/see you. = (It’s)Good to meet/see you.= (I’m) Glad to meet/see you= (I’m) Pleased to meet/see you= (I’m) Happy to meet/see you. 很高兴见到你3、Welcome to China 欢迎到中国来.4、Thanks /Thank you . 谢谢5、You’re welcome ./ That’s all right (OK) .不用谢,6、Stand up . 起立Sit down .坐下7、This is…..介绍第三者的用语,复数用These are…8、How do you do ? 您好9、How are you ? 您好吗?How is she\he? 她\他好吗?10、I’m fine . 我很好。
11、What’s your/his /her name ?= May I know/have your/his /her name?Could you please tell me your/his /her name?你/他/她叫什么名字?12、My name is Jane . 我名叫简13、Where are you from ? = Where do you come from? Where is he/she from?= Where does he/she come from?你/他/她/他们来自哪里?14、I am / He (She) is /They are from Canada/Japan/the U.S.A/England/Cuba/China.我/他/她/他们来自加拿大/日本/美国/英国/古巴/中国。
中高考英语笔记大全
⎩ 初中英语笔记大全(超级精华版)●This is the key to the door .这是开门的钥匙。
⎧sb.⎪●call⎨电话号码⎪sth. at 电话号码call sb. = phone sb. = ring sb. upplease give me a call .请打电话给我●family 指家庭时是单数,谓语动词用“is”,family 指家人时是复数,谓语动词用“are”。
●of 表示无生命物体的所有格,s 表示有生命物体的所有格。
有生命物体的所有格也可以用of,但有生命物体后要加“s”。
●以副词 there 或here 开头的句子常要倒装,以示强调。
●What’s your name, please? = Could you tell me your name, please? = May I haveyour name, please?●Nice to meet you. = Glad to meet you. = Pleased to meet you.●写启示的方法:1.启示的主题;2.描述细节;3.留下联系方式。
●表示惊讶、忧伤、微怒、失望等,可以用 dear 作感叹词。
●名词如果有数量词修饰它,使用谓语动词适应看他的数量词,如:⎧here is a set of keys⎨⎩here are two sets of keys●get to somewhere (get home 除外)到达……⎧have (有生命物体的“有”)●有⎨⎩there is (无生命物体的“有”)●肯定:Let+宾语(人称代词的宾格或名词)+ V 原型+……否定:Don’t let +宾语+V 原型+……/Let + 宾语 + not + V 原型+……●have 表示“有”时才可以用来提问或写成否定“h av en’t”。
⎧Let's ⋯⋯(include说话的人和听话的人) 问:shall we ?●⎨⎩Let us ⋯⋯(不include听话的人) 问:will you ?●●myself(我自己) yourself(你自己) himself(他自己) herself(她自己) itself(它自己)ourselves(我们自己)yourselves(你们自己)themselves(他们自己)●How much + be + 商品?(答:It’s/They’re……) = What is the price of……?(答:It ’s……)●cent 美分 One dollar =100 cents●other(两者中的另一个) another(三者中的另一个)●越接近物品本身性质的形容词越靠近物品,如:big blue hat●帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth.help sb. with sth.with the help (n.) of sb. e.g. He studies math well, with the help of teacher.●一般将来时的一般形式:主语+will+动词原形+……●Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = (Is there) anything I can do for you?●●●“hun dred,thousand”与基数词一起表示具体数字时不加“s”。
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初中英语笔记大全(精华版)● This is the key to the door .这是开门的钥匙。
● ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧电话号码电话号码at .sth .sb call call sb. = phone sb. = ring sb. upplease give me a call .请打电话给我● family 指家庭时是单数,谓语动词用“is ”,family 指家人时是复数,谓语动词用“are ”。
● of 表示无生命物体的所有格,s 表示有生命物体的所有格。
有生命物体的所有格也可以用of ,但有生命物体后要加“s ”。
● 以副词there 或here 开头的句子常要倒装,以示强调。
● What’s your name, please? = Could you tell me your name, please? = May I have your name, please?● Nice to meet you. = Glad to meet you. = Pleased to meet you.● 写启示的方法:1.启示的主题;2.描述细节;3.留下联系方式。
● 表示惊讶、忧伤、微怒、失望等,可以用dear 作感叹词。
● 名词如果有数量词修饰它,使用谓语动词适应看他的数量词,如:⎩⎨⎧ keys of sets two are here keysof set a is here● get to somewhere (get home 除外)到达……● ⎩⎨⎧)无生命物体的“有”(is there )有生命物体的“有”( have 有 ● 肯定:Let+宾语(人称代词的宾格或名词)+ V 原型+……否定:Don’t let +宾语+V 原型+……/Let + 宾语 + not + V 原型+……● have 表示“有”时才可以用来提问或写成否定“haven’t”。
● ⎩⎨⎧⋯⋯⋯⋯? you will 问: )听话的人include 不(us Let ? we shall 问: )说话的人和听话的人(include s Let' ●● myself (我自己) yourself (你自己) himself (他自己) herself (她自己) itself (它自己) ourselves (我们自己) yourselves (你们自己) themselves (他们自己) ● How much + be + 商品?(答:It’s/They’re……) = What is the price of ……?(答:It ’s……)●cent 美分 One dollar =100 cents●other(两者中的另一个) another(三者中的另一个)●越接近物品本身性质的形容词越靠近物品,如:big blue hat●帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth.help sb. with sth.with the help (n.) of sb. e.g. He studies math well, with the help of teacher.●一般将来时的一般形式:主语+will+动词原形+……●Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = (Is there) anything I can do for you? ●●●“hundred,thousand”与基数词一起表示具体数字时不加“s”。
hundreds of 上百 thousands of 上千●buy sth. for sb. = buy sb.(间接宾语) sth.(直接宾语)为某人买某物●any body 在肯定句中表示任何人,在否定句和疑问句中不是。
●for表示动词的对象或接受者,表示用途,表示目的,表示等价交换或标注价格,表示时间持续多久,表示距离,表示理由或原因。
●There are many trees on each side of the roadThere are many trees on both sides of the road●the price is low(high) 价格低(高)●●●●●●●kind of ……有几分……如:The elephants are kind of cute.●含有think的宾语从句中如果从句中有否定,要否定前移,如:She doesn’t think theyare boring.(她认为他们不无聊)●问:How are you?答:I’m fine. (我很好。
)/Just so so.(一般般。
)●表示时间、价格、距离的名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
如:Two dollars is enough(足够)。
●怎么判断双音节单词中第一个音节是开音节还是闭音节:双音节单词中的两个元音是两个音节的中心,元音是由元音字母或元音字母组合发出的音,因此,首先找到单词中的两个元音字母或元音字母组合,两个中心就清楚了。
两个中心之间的辅音字母(不是字母组合)则分别划归两个音节,第一个音节即为闭音节,如果两个中心之间的辅音字母为双写字母(包括“r”),分别划归前后,第一个音节按闭音节读音。
如:paper /’peipə/ (pa为开音节) member /’membə/ (mem为闭音节) happy /’hæpi/ (hap为闭音节) sorry /’sɔri/ (sor为闭音节) certainly /’sə:tnil/●I am sorry. I can’t go with you. (对不起。
我不能和你一起去。
)●Thanks. / Thank you. / Thank you very much. / Thank a lot. / Many thanks.●You are welcom e. / That’s OK. / That’s all right.●It’s my pleasure. / With pleasure. (这是我的荣幸。
)●make friend with sb. (和……交朋友)●Thanks for + n. / v.ing = Thanks sb. for + n. / v.ing●below 在……下方(非正下方)反义词:above 在……上面(非正上方,没有接触面)under 在……下面(正下方)反义词:on(有接触面),over(没有接触面)在……上面(正上方)●keep + sth. + adj. 使某物保持某状态。
keep + adj. 保持某状态。
●表示请求、建议、希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句用“some”。
●问:Let……答:OK. / All right. / That’s a good idea. / That sounds good. / Sorry.●sport用来修饰名词要变为sports。
●play + the + 乐器 Erhu除外●be动词后叫表语,修饰名词叫定语,修饰动词叫状语,前后两词对等叫同位语。
●人民币和日元变复数不变,其他要。
●be good with sb. = get on well with sb. 与某人相处的很好●问:How often does Rick run on weekend?答:Rick usually runs on weekend.●always(总是) usually(通常) often(经常) sometime(有时) seldom(很少)never(从不)●频度副词放在be动词或助动词之后,实意动词或行为动词之前。
●感叹句:What + (a/an) + adj. + n. + (主) + (谓)!如:What beautiful flowers they are!How + adj. /adv. + (主) + (谓)!如:How beautiful the flowers are!●Can you think what his job is? 含有宾语从句的复合句,宾语从句的从句必须是陈述句。
●Start to do sth. 开始做某事●be famous for……因……出名●●●●for + 时间段……做某事持续多久●问:How long do you have volleyball?答:I have volleyball for two hours.●ask sb. some questions. 问某人一些问题ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事●no =not any●because不和so同时使用,although(尽管)不和but同时使用。
●●neither:两者中的任何一个都不。
●用“may”提问的句子回答用can/can ‘ t或must / mustn’ t;用“can”提问的句子回答用can/can’t;用“must”提问的句子回答用need/needn’t.如:1. May I park my car here?Yes, you can / must. / No, you can’t / mustn’t.2. Can I watch TV?Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.3. Must I clean the classroom this morning?Yes, you need. / No, you needn’t.●be afraid of doing sth. / be afraid of sth. 害怕做某事/某物●be fond of = like●make a continuation to sth. 对……有贡献●do well in = be good at 擅长……●比较级 + and + 比较级越来越……●give back = return 归还●法国人单数:Frenchman/Frenchwoman英国人单数:Englishman/EnglishwomanChinese和Japanese单复数同形●in the world 在世界上all over the world / around the world / the whole word 全世界 ●in the school 在学校里 in school 在学校学习 ●outside 在……外面 outside the gate to the park 在公园门外 ●turning 转角 ●go down + …… 沿着 …… 路走 go straight down + …… 沿着 …… 路直走 ●enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun ●take a walk = go for a walk = have a walk ●the beginning of ……的开始 at the beginning of 强调在……开始的那一刻 in the beginning 起初,一开始 from the beginning 开始时 from beginning to end 从开始到结束 ●visit + 地点、参观某地 a visit to + 地点、参观某地 ●have fun doing sth. 做……很开心 ●地点 + is a great place to do sth. ……是一个做……的地方 ●be busy with sth. 忙于某事 ● the way to ……去……的路on the way to + 地点 在去……的路上on one’s way to + 地点 某人在去……的路上on my way to home 在我回家的路上● 把某物递给某人sth. sb. pass sb. to sth. pass ⎭⎬⎫ ●⎩⎨⎧++++小地方at 大地方in arrive ● ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧school reach school to get school at arrive 到达学校● 主语 + hope(that) + 从句主语 + hope + to do sth.● live on ……靠……为生● {{{⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧++⎩⎨⎧++主语为人主语为物(强调金钱)时间、金钱主语为人时间、金钱做某事要花某人多少时间、金钱主语为物花费pay yuan. 3 me costs book This cost sth. doing sth./(in)on spend spend sth. do .to sb. It takes take ●● ● ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧触面指从上空穿过、没有接指从内部穿过面指在表面穿过、有接触over through across ● Why not do sth. ? 表建议:为什么不做……呢?Why don’t you do sth. ? 表疑问:你为什么不要……?● ⎩⎨⎧++代词名词短语名词句子//because because ⎩⎨⎧illness. the of because school to go t didn' I ill. was I because school to go t didn' I ,,如 ● .n of kinds all of kinds many of kind a adj. of kind +⎪⎪⎭⎪⎪⎬⎫+ 如:People like this kind of animals, because they’re kind of cute.● in the south of 在……南部● asleep 睡着的 adj. fall asleep 入睡 be asleep 正睡着● be friendly to sb. 对某人友好● don’t forget to do sth. 不要忘记做某事● tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人去做某事tell sb. not to do sth. 叫某人不去做某事●⎩⎨⎧停下正在做的是事停下正在做的,去做某 sth. doing stop sth. do to stop ●介词 + doing sth. ●would like to do sth. 想要做某事 ●Which place do you live in = Where do you live ? ●Isn’t he cute ? 否定疑问句 ●Sam wants to play basketball, doesn’t he ? 翻译疑问句 ●Why not do sth. ? = Why don’t you do sth. ? ●practice doing sth. 练习做某事 ●use sth. to do sth. ●比较级中的代词用that , 如:The map of Beijing is better than that of Tianjin. ●said to oneself 自言自语 ●be careful not to do sth. 小心别做某事 ● do one’s best 尽某人的全力● ⎩⎨⎧⋯⋯看不出原材料的看得出原材料的制作的由 from make be of made be ● be satisfied with …… 对……满意● be full of 满是……● ⎩⎨⎧在外部的前面在内部的前面 of front in of front in the ● 条件状语从句:主语为将来时,从句为一般现在时。