建筑学专业英语介绍
建筑学 专业英语
1．The client's needs and desires must be the starting point in planning, as the house will be for him. Some of the factors involved are simple and need no explanation, while others are more complex and will be discussed.客户的需求和心愿必须首先考虑，因为房子是为他设计的。
有一些方面是简单的，不需要解释，然而有一些是复杂的，需要讨论的。
2.Since the 1990s, China has obviously speeded up its steps to open the architectural field to the outside world. That is fully testified by its extensive adoption of the competition mechanism, introducing international bidding for some important constructions. As a result, visions of domestic architects have been expanded, their mentality updated, and a number of prominent masterworks created.自1990年代以来,中国明显加快步伐向外界开放建筑领域。
通过广泛采用竞争机制说充分证实，为一些重要建筑物引入国际招标。
因而，国内的建筑师视野开放了，他们的心态提升了，并且创造了一些杰出的作品。
3.The first step in the development of the floor plan is to determine the approximate area requirements of the client, and to separate them into the three basic areas of a house:sleeping area, living area, and working area.建筑平面图发展的第一步是按照客户的要求决定大概的范围，并且把它分离成三个基础区域：睡眠区、生活区和工作区。
建筑学专业英语
建筑学专业英语DESIGN BASIS 设计依据DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称ROOFING & CEILING 屋面及天棚WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDW ARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯BUILDING MA TERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语【Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】【Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】【Timber 木材】【Metallic Materials 金属材料】【Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属】【Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】【Building Hardware 建筑五金】【Paint 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【Discipline 专业】【Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【Name Of Professional role 职务名称】【Drafting 制图】a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料original data设计进度schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing 竣工图as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity 风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic 附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinthg. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor 水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDW ARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden (steel) door镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门fire door(大门上的)小门wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind) 塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder直爬梯vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaftj. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile缸砖clinkery brick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheetLime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sandCement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰lath and plasterAsphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum石棉板asbestos sheet石棉纤维asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木round timber方木square timber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松deciduous pine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tongued and grooved board层夹板laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMetallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢steelbBar方钢square steel扁钢steel strap,flat steel型钢steel section (shape)槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape 热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅leadAnti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt高强螺栓high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washerPaint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil腻子puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语Discipline 专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning) 电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanical power工艺process technology管道pipingConventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内within site厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume人流量pedestrian volume透视图perspective drawing建筑模型building model Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生probationer专家specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员technicianDrafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards and specification adopted 图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale．．．平面示意图schematic plan of...．．．平剖面图sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation背立面back elevation详图detail drawings典型节点typical detail节点号detail No.首页front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图standard drawing．．．布置图layout of ...地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures编号coding序列号serial No.行和栏rows and columns备注remarks等级grade直线straight Line曲折线zigzag line虚线dotted line实线solid line影线hatching line点划线dot and dash line轴线axis等高线contour Line中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangent Line尺寸线dimension Line园形round环形annular方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram三角形triangle五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoid圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/square meter 千克/立方米kilogram/cubic meter 英尺foot英寸inch吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension变尺寸variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸developed dimension 内径inside diameter外径outside diameter净重net weight毛重gross weight数量quantity百分比percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance净跨clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension 开间bay进深depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高ground elevation 室内地面标高floor elevation 柱网column grid坐标coordinate厂区占地site area使用面积usable area辅助面积service area通道面积passage area管架pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery架空管线overhead pipeline排水沟drain ditch集水坑sump pit喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher 卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher。
介绍建筑的英语作文_专业高分英语作文4篇
介绍建筑的英语作文_专业高分英语作文4篇关于”介绍建筑“的英语作文模板4篇，作文题目：Introductionto architecture。
以下是关于介绍建筑的专业英语模板，每篇作文均为高分模板带翻译。
关于”介绍建筑“的英语作文模板4篇，作文题目：Introductionto architecture。
以下是关于介绍建筑的专业英语模板，每篇作文均为高分模板带翻译。
高分英语作文1：Introduction to architectureIt is the highest building in the world. It has been used up to now. Engineer Gustav Eiffel is a first-cl tourist destination.中文翻译：法国埃菲尔铁塔在法国巴黎塞纳河畔的火星广场上建有一座铁塔，它是法国最著名的地标性建筑，在建成时被用作法国的象征，是世界上最高的建筑，一直沿用至今，工程师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔，它是一个一流的旅游目的地，每年有超过百万的游客参观金字塔，一眼金字塔就能让观者惊叹它的美丽和壮丽，然而，人们可能会惊讶地发现，这样一个宏伟的建筑完全是由普通的石头组成的大多数人都熟悉这句谚语：罗马不是一天建成的一个像金字塔一样宏伟的物体也不像罗马城的伟大是由它的小部分组合而成的那样迅速或容易建造的，金字塔只有像石头一样坚固它是由金字塔的形象提醒我们，伟大的成功其实是小成就的积累记住，只有当一个人愿意与小石子一起工作时，人们才会明智地放弃轻率的倾向，而不是认真地去尝试，毅力是肯定的希望我的小作文能帮你好运。
万能作文模板2：建筑学概论Paris: the city of romance high Eiffel Tower, colorful streets, beautiful Seine River, splendid palaces, romantic people, and ancient history. As the capital of France, Paris is a great place for all people in the world. Paris is a modern city with a long and rich history.Boys and girls meet Mickey, fly with Dumbo and get lost in Wonderland.中文翻译：巴黎：浪漫之城高高的埃菲尔铁塔，多彩的街道，美丽的塞纳河，辉煌的宫殿，浪漫的，古老的历史巴黎作为法国的首都，对世界上所有人来说都是一个伟大的地方，巴黎是一座现代化的城市，有着悠久而丰富的历史，在这里发生了许多事件，游客可以游览的地方很多。
建筑学专业英语.2
1.对任何住宅设计进行讨论时，必须包括美的概念，以及如何来评价美。
因为美是一个难以捉摸的想法，尽管我们都不愿意承认这一点。
关于美的某些方面和设计只能主观地处理，但是，最是容易理解的也可以客观地来审查。
2.美不是抽象的，它是真实的。
美是在旁观者的眼睛中是没有必要的,它主要是客观的、可量化的。
这儿有三个准则是亨利爵士沃顿在十七世纪转述的，来自于公元前一世纪维特鲁威的著作，至今仍然适用，是关于住宅设计的基本测量模块的三个标准。
这些标准分别是：便利实用性、稳固性、愉悦舒适性。
3.什么是便利实用性，是构建适合它的用途？还是让它看起来像什么一样。
我们正在谈论住房的时候可以扪心自问一下，希望它是像加拿大的房子？而不像瑞士别墅或者是詹姆斯一世的庄园或者是加州灰姑娘平房？是材料占有的位置并安排他们，所以才让他们尊重现有的环境？诚实的使用建材不等于住房只能用木材和石材，玻璃和铝可能更合适，事实上，可能在某些情况下会更自然。
是否适用会影响平面图，这是在小房子尤为关键。
它的循环利用工作是否能做好？房子的分区可以提供生活和安静的区域吗?有足够的空间,来做饭、打扫卫生,和所有的与从事家庭相关的活动吗？4.稳固性和是否充足的建设有关。
是否都是采用优质的材料？是否正确使用技术？是否还有具有良好的工艺？天气会不会影响墙壁和屋顶？有没有不必要的维护？一个住房差到极点是因为，它的不充足建设使它不能成为美的对象。
5.愉悦的舒适性是一个奇妙的词，它意味着给旁观者以开心和高兴。
同样，我们现在谈的不是抽象的概念，而是可以量化的现实。
6.规模涉及的是：人与建筑物或人与场所的大小关系。
当我们看一个建筑时，我们希望找到线索如何解释它的大小。
我们的眼睛寻找我们所知道的东西。
我们所熟悉的大小尺寸的砖和普通门的尺寸，当那些尺寸是我们所期待的时候，我们会感到舒服自在。
规模的另一个方面涉及我们作为个体的重要性的感觉。
如果我们周围出现大量，我们认为我们可以应付环境的元素。
建筑学专业英语-unitfive
曼哈顿人寿保险公司大楼
St. Paul Building
Height: 315 feet (96 meters) to structural top Architect and engineer: George B. Post General contractor: Robinson & Wallace Constructed 1895-98
The Manhattan Company
Height: 927 feet Owners: Trump Organization Architects: H. Craig Severance and Yasuo Matsui Opened: 1930
Wishing to create an architectural symbol to outshine its rivals, in 1892 the Manhattan Life Insurance Company held a competition for its new headquarters at 64-66 Broadway across from Trinity Church, selecting architects Kimball and Thompson. When finished in 1894, the granite, terra-cotta, and brick-clad structure rose 348 feet above the sidewalk to the structure lantern top.
The facade was red sandstone, brick and terra-cotta, with red and gray granite at the arched entryway. 纽约世界大楼
建筑专业英语作文范文
建筑专业英语作文范文英文回答：Architecture: A Multidisciplinary Field.Architecture is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses engineering, art, and science. It involves the design and construction of buildings and other structures, as well as the planning of urban and rural environments. Architects must have a strong understanding of both the technical and aesthetic aspects of building design, as well as the ability to work collaboratively with other professionals.Engineering Aspects of Architecture.The engineering aspects of architecture primarily focus on the structural integrity and safety of buildings. Architects must ensure that their designs meet all applicable building codes and regulations. They must alsoconsider factors such as environmental loads (e.g., wind, snow, earthquakes) and the materials used in construction. Structural engineers play a vital role in the design process, ensuring that buildings are safe and habitable.Art and Aesthetic Aspects of Architecture.In addition to engineering considerations, architects must also pay attention to the aesthetic aspects of their designs. Buildings should be visually appealing and reflect the needs and desires of their users. Architects must consider factors such as the building's form, color, and texture, as well as the relationship between the building and its surroundings. Interior designers play a key role in the aesthetic aspects of architecture, creating spaces that are both functional and visually pleasing.Science and Sustainability in Architecture.Recent advances in science and technology have had a significant impact on architecture. Architects are now able to design buildings that are more energy-efficient,sustainable, and environmentally friendly. Green building practices, such as using recycled materials and incorporating renewable energy sources, are becoming increasingly common. Architects must be aware of the latest scientific advancements and incorporate sustainable principles into their designs.Collaboration and Teamwork in Architecture.Architecture is a collaborative field, and architects must be able to work effectively with a variety of professionals, including engineers, contractors, and clients. They must be able to communicate their ideas clearly and concisely, and they must be able to work within a team environment. Architects must also be able to adapt their designs to the needs of their clients and the constraints of the site.Importance of Architecture.Architecture is essential for creating livable and sustainable communities. Buildings provide shelter,protection, and a sense of place. They can also contribute to the social and economic well-being of a community. Well-designed buildings can improve air quality, reduce crime, and promote physical and mental health. Architects have a responsibility to design buildings that are safe, sustainable, and aesthetically pleasing.中文回答：建筑学，一门多学科领域。
建筑工程专业英语
1 建筑工程专业英语词汇（1）建设,建筑,修建to build, to construct 建筑学architecture 修筑,建筑物building 房子house 摩天大楼skyscraper 公寓楼block block of of of flats flats flats ((美作:apartment block) 纪念碑monument 宫殿palace 庙宇temple 皇宫,教堂basilica 大教堂cathedral 教堂church 塔,塔楼tower 十层办公大楼ten-storey office block 柱column 柱列colonnade 拱arch 市政town planning (美作:city planning) 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证building permission 绿地greenbelt 建筑物的三面图elevation 设计图plan 比例尺scale 预制to prefabricate 挖土,掘土excavation 基foundations, base, subgrade 打地基to lay the foundations 砌好的砖列course of bricks 脚手架scaffold, scaffolding 质量合格证书certification of fitness 原材料raw material 底板bottom plate 垫层cushion 侧壁sidewall 中心线center line 条形基础strip footing 附件accessories 型钢profile steel 钢板steel plate 熔渣slag 飞溅welding spatter 定位焊tacking 引弧generating of arc 建筑工程专业英语词汇（2）充水试验filling water test 错边量unfitness of butt joint 底圈foundation ring 真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test 丁字焊缝tee welding 渗透探伤oil whiting test 充水试验filling water test 内侧角焊缝接头interior interior angle angle angle welding welding welding line line joint 基础沉降foundation settlement 测量基准点datum mark 稳定性试验stability test 排气阀outlet valve 角钢angle steel 构件component part 机械损伤mechanical damage 缩孔shrinkage cavity 折迭enfoldment 碳钢管carbon steel tube 公称直径nominal diameter 预埋件embedded part 轴测图axonometric drawing 布置图arrangement diagram 氧乙炔气割oxyacetylene gas cutting 低合金钢管low alloy steel 热影响区heat affected area 修磨polish 砂轮片grinding wheel 等离子plasma panel 重皮coldlap 凹凸unevenness 缩口necking down 端面head face 倾斜偏差dip deviation 外径external diameter 砂轮grinding wheel 管件pipe casting 单线图single line drawing 平齐parallel and level 两端two terminals 满扣buckle 螺栓紧固bolton 熄弧熄弧 quenching of arc 焊道焊道 welding bead 坡口坡口 beveled edges 外观检查外观检查 visual inspection 重皮重皮 double-skin 水平方向弧度 radian in horizontal direction 成型成型 molding 直线度直线度 straightness accuracy 焊缝角变形 welding line angular distortion 水平度水平度 levelness 铅垂度铅垂度 verticality 翘曲变形翘曲变形 buckling deformation 角尺角尺 angle square 对接焊缝对接焊缝 butt weld 母材母材 parent metal 法兰密封面法兰密封面 flange sealing surface 夹层夹层 interlayer 表面锈蚀浓度 surface corrosion concentration 挠曲变挠曲变 bending deformation 超声波探伤超声波探伤 ultrasonic ultrasonic testing/ testing/ testing/ ultrasonic ultrasonic examination 压力容器压力容器 pressure vessel 预制下料预制下料 prefabrication baiting 排版直径排版直径 set-type diameter 焊缝焊缝 welding line 中幅板中幅板 center plate 测量方法测量方法 measuring method 基准点基准点 datum mark 跳焊跳焊 skip welding 允许偏差允许偏差 allowable variation 补强板补强板 stiffening plate 开孔开孔 tapping 对接接头对接接头 banjo fixing butt jointing 角钢角钢 angle iron 安装基准圆 installation fundamental circle 吊装立柱吊装立柱 hoisting upright column 焊接钢管焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 向心斜拉筋向心斜拉筋 centripetal canting pull rope 带板带板 band plate 槽钢胀圈槽钢胀圈 channel steel expansion ring 环口环口 collar extension 局部变形局部变形 local distortion 周边周边 periphery 附加应力附加应力 additional stress 同轴度同轴度 axiality 平行度平行度 parallelism 随机随机 stochastic 允许偏差允许偏差 allowable variation 重直度verticality 水平度水平度 levelness 隔离盲板隔离盲板 blind plate 氩弧焊argon arc welding 压盖螺栓压盖螺栓 gland bolt 间距间距 spacing 有效期有效期 period of validity 担任担任 take charge of undertake 焊条焊条 welding rod 碳钢焊条碳钢焊条 carbon steel 焊丝焊丝 welding wire 熔化焊熔化焊 melting 钢丝钢丝 steel wire 气体保护焊气体保护焊 gas shielded arc welding 烘干烘干 drying 清洗清洗 ablution 制度s ystem 焊接工艺焊接工艺 welding procedure 相应相应 corresponding 手工电弧焊手工电弧焊 manual electric arc welding 手工钨极手工钨极 manual tungsten electrode 打底打底 render 电源电源 power source 交流交流 alternating current 焊件焊件 weldment 管壁厚度管壁厚度 pipe thickness 对接焊缝对接焊缝 butt weld 工件壁厚工件壁厚 workpiece 飞溅物飞溅物 splash 沾污沾污 smirch 油污油污 oil stain 细锉细锉 smooth file 铣刀铣刀 milling cutter 氧化膜氧化膜 oxide film 脱脂处理脱脂处理 ungrease treatment] 棉质纤维棉质纤维 cotton fibre 丙酮丙酮 acetone 硫 sulfur 环缝环缝 circumferential weld 顶板顶板 top plate 拱顶拱顶 vault 顶板加强肋顶板加强肋 stiffening rib 对接对接 butt joint 胎具胎具 clamping fixture 卷板机卷板机 plate bending rolls 中心支架中心支架 center bearing bracket 椭圆度椭圆度 ovality 等分线等分线 bisectrix 搭接宽度搭接宽度 lap width 点焊点焊 spot welding 搭接焊搭接焊 overlap welding 对称对称 symmetrically 螺旋爬梯螺旋爬梯 cockle stairs 放料阀放料阀 baiting valve 液位计液位计 content gauge 芬兰维萨拉芬兰维萨拉 V ailsla OY 美国美科美国美科 "Met-coil, USA" 集中式空调系统 centralized air conditioning system 裙房裙房 annex 热源热源 heat source 平面位置的空间 space of planimetric position 密封性能密封性能 sealing performance 机房机房 machine room 节点节点 timing 专业专业 "profession or discipline 都可以都可以,要根据上下文" 连体法兰连体法兰 coupling flange 垂直井笼垂直井笼 vertical well cage 变风量变风量 variable air rate 施工面展开施工面展开 construction unfolds 违约行为违约行为 noncompliance 合同交底- contract presentation 管理承包商 Management Contractor party 工程量工程量 work amount 实施的形象进度 progress of implementation 完工资料完工资料 as-built documentation 文整文整 clear-up 审核审核 review 汽车式起重机汽车式起重机 Autocrane 深化图纸深化图纸 deepen drawing 焊剂焊剂 welding flux 钢板钢板 steel plate 纵向焊缝纵向焊缝 longitudinal weld longitudinal seam 筒节筒节 shell ring 封头封头 end socket 卷管卷管 reelpipe 强度试验强度试验 strength test 起弧起弧 arc starting 穿堂风穿堂风 draught 熔合熔合 fusion 反面反面 reverse side 整体整体 integral 封堵封堵 block up 焊口焊口 weld bond 医用胶布医用胶布 medical proof fabric 高频高频 high frequency 焊炬焊炬 welding torch 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译(4) 综合分析判断 comprehensive analysis and judgement 变压器变压器 transformer 抽芯loose core 过道过道 aisle 三相电容三相电容 three phase capacitance 芯棒芯棒 core rod 都市规划与土地开发 Urban g and Land Development 社区开发及工业区开发社区开发及工业区开发 Community Development and Industry Park Development 开发许可申请开发许可申请 Development Permit 土地使用变更计划土地使用变更计划 Land Use Rezoning Plan 主要计划及细部计划主要计划及细部计划 Master Master Plan Plan Plan and and and Detail Detail Plan 都市计划更新计划都市计划更新计划 Urban Renewal Plan 都市设施都市设施 Urban Design 建筑设施建筑设施 Architecture Design 大地工程大地工程 Geotechnical Engineering 工址调查工址调查 Site Investigation 现地试验与室内试验现地试验与室内试验 In-Situ In-Situ and and and Laboratory Laboratory Test 基础工程基础工程 Foundation Design 设备配置计划 equipment furnishment plan 结构预埋配合阶段 Structure pre-embedment assistance stage 精装修阶段精装修阶段 Fine fitment stage 工程施工阶段工程施工阶段 Construction stage 工程竣工阶段工程竣工阶段 Completion stage 台钻台钻 Bench drill 冲击钻冲击钻 Churn drill 手电钻手电钻 Electric portable drill 砂轮切割机砂轮切割机 Abrasive cutting off machine 角钢卷圆机角钢卷圆机 Angle iron rolling machine 管道切断器管道切断器 Pipe cutting machine 铜管调直机 Copper Copper pipe pipe pipe straightening straightening machine 管道压槽机管道压槽机 Book Book joint joint joint setting setting setting machine machine for pipes 管道压槽机管道压槽机 Book Book joint joint joint setting setting setting machine machine for pipes 角向磨光机角向磨光机 Angle polishing machine 电动套丝机电动套丝机 Electric threading machine 电动卷扬机电动卷扬机 Electric winch 电动试压泵 Motor-driven pressure pressure test test pump 手动试压泵手动试压泵 Manual pressure test pump 阀门试压机阀门试压机 Valve pressure test device 阀门试压机阀门试压机 Valve pressure test device TDC(F)风管加工流水线 TDC(F)air ductwork fabrication stream line 等离子切割机等离子切割机 Plasma cutting machine TDC(F)法兰条成型机 TDC(F) flange strip shaping mill 勾码成型机勾码成型机 Forming Forming machine machine machine for for for flange flange clamp TDC(F)风管加工成型机 TDC(F) TDC(F) duct duct fabrication shaping mill 多普勒超声波流量检测仪 Doppler ultrasonic flow detector 温、湿度传感器温、湿度传感器 "Temperature, "Temperature, humidity humidity senor" 精密声级计精密声级计 Precision sound level meter 风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置 "Duct air leakage tester, airchamber air leakage testing 深开挖工程及建物保护深开挖工程及建物保护 Deep Excavation and Building Protection 新生地及软弱地层改良新生地及软弱地层改良 Reclamation and Soft Ground Improvement 山坡地开发与水土保持 Slope land Development, Soil and Water Conservation 潜盾隧道与岩石隧道潜盾隧道与岩石隧道 Shield Tunnel and Rock Tunnel 大地工程施工顾问大地工程施工顾问 Geotechnical Construction Consultant 土壤材料试验土壤材料试验 Soil and Material 结构工程结构工程 Structural Engineering 各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢骨钢筋混凝土结构 Structures of R.C., Prestressed Concrete, Steel, and SRC 桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开挖挡土结构 Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining Structures for Deep Excavations 桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强 Bridge Inspection, Assessment, and Rehabilitation 钢结构细部设计及制造图 Steel Steel Structural Structural Detail Design and Shop Drawings 厂房工程厂房工程 Industrial Plant 工业厂房-石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、科技工业厂房、一般性厂房 Industrial Plants--Petroleum Plants--Petroleum and and and Chemical, Chemical, Chemical, Steel, Steel, Steel, Power, Power, Gas, High-Technical and General Plants 环保设施工厂-垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污水处理厂及相关管线水处理厂及相关管线 Environment Environment Protecting Protecting Plants--Incineration Plants--Incineration Plants, Plants, Plants, Garbage Garbage Garbage Disposal Disposal Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and Piping System 设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台 Equipment Supporting Supporting Structures, Structures, Structures, Pipe Pipe Pipe Racks, Racks, Racks, Operating Operating Platforms 设备基础设备基础 Equipment Foundations 厂区一般土木及公共设施 General Civil Works and Utilities of Plants 运输工程运输工程 Transportation Engineering 运输规划运输规划 Transportation Planning 停车场设施工程规划、设计 Engineering Planning & Design for Parking Facilities 建筑交通维持计划 Traffic Control & device" 风罩式风量测试仪 Air hood air rate tester 微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪 "Micromanometer , pitot tube, hot bulb(electrical) anemoscope" 潜水泵潜水泵 Submerged pump 电动弯管机电动弯管机 Electric pipe bender 铜管弯管机铜管弯管机 Copper pipe bender 液压弯管机液压弯管机 Hydraulic pipe bender 电动剪刀电动剪刀 Electric clipper 液压铆钉钳液压铆钉钳 Hydraulic riveting clamp 线槽电锯线槽电锯 Trunking electric saw 开孔器开孔器 Tapper 电动空压机电动空压机 Electric air compressor 液压千斤顶液压千斤顶 Hydraulic jack 液压手推车液压手推车 Hydraulic trolley 焊条烘干箱焊条烘干箱 Welding rod drying box 手拉葫芦手拉葫芦 Chain block 道（垫）木道（垫）木 Sleeper 转速表转速表 Tachometer 电流钳型表电流钳型表 Clip-style ammeter 压力表压力表 Pressure gauge 接地电阻测试仪 Earthing resistance testing device 氧气表氧气表 Oxygen gauge 乙炔表乙炔表 Acetylene gauge 对讲机对讲机 Walkie talkie 文件和资料文件和资料 documents and information? 建设单位建设单位 Construction unit 安装单位安装单位 Installation unitz 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译(3) 送气送气 air supply 电流衰减装置电流衰减装置 current attenuation 气体延时保护装置气体延时保护装置 time delay 熄弧熄弧 quenching of arc 成型成型 molding 钢印代号钢印代号 steel seal 质量分析质量分析 quality analysis 负责人负责人 principal 审批审批 examine and approve 补焊工艺补焊工艺 repair welding 压缩机压缩机 compression pump 平焊法兰平焊法兰 welded flange 测试流程图测试流程图 test flow chart Management during Construction 水利及港湾工程 Hydraulic and Harbor Engineering 营建管理营建管理 Construction Management 估价及工程预算制作 Estimates and Engineering Budget Works 营建管理营建管理 Construction Management 工程监造工程监造 Construction Supervision 施工计划施工计划 Construction Plan 工程进度控管 Schedule Control during Construction 施工规划施工规划 Construction Specifications 环境工程环境工程 Environmental Engineering 环境影响评估 Environment Impact Assessment 环境监测环境监测 Environmental Monitoring 地下水监测系统地下水监测系统 Groundwater Monitoring 污水处理厂污水处理厂 Wastewater Treatment Plant 污水下水道污水下水道 Sewage System 噪音振动防治噪音振动防治 Noise and Vibration 垃圾焚化厂兴建工程垃圾焚化厂兴建工程 Waste Incinerator 废弃物处理系统工程 Waste Treatment & Disposal 共同管道共同管道 Common Ducts 管道及附属设施之规划设计 Planning Planning and and Design of Common Ducts Structures and Subsidiary Facilities 经济效益分析 Economic and Efficiency Analysis 财务评估财务评估 Financial Evaluation 管理维护办法及组织订定管理维护办法及组织订定 Regulation Regulation for for for the the Management, Maintenance and Organization 电力复合脂电力复合脂 electric force compounded grease 电缆敷设电缆敷设 cable laying 电缆槽架电缆槽架 cable channel 主干线主干线 trunk line 弯头弯头 angle fitting 剥落处剥落处 exfoliation 银粉银粉 aluminum powder 支持点支持点 support point 拆装拆装 disassembly and assembly 畅通畅通 smooth 电压等级电压等级 electric pressure 通断实验通断实验 onoff 加固措施加固措施 reinforcement measure 校验校验 verify 升压升压 boost pressure 读数读数 off scale reading 满刻度值满刻度值 full-scale value 盲板盲板 blind plate 压力表压力表 pressure meter 强度强度 intensity 目测目测 eye survey, visiual inspection 半径半径 radius 公式公式 formula 管路管路 pipeline 严密性严密性 leakproofness 导电膏导电膏 conductive paste 压接压接 compression joint 地上连接地上连接 overground 埋深埋深 buried depth 接地线接地线 earth wire 说明说明 description 分线盒分线盒 junction box 接地装置接地装置 earthing deivce 交叉across 塑料保护管塑料保护管 protection tube 塑料带塑料带 plastic tape 防腐处理防腐处理 preservative treatment 接地极接地极 earthing pole 接地电阻测试接地电阻测试 earth resistance 防雷接地防雷接地 lightning protection 遵守遵守 comply with 避雷网避雷网 lightning conduction 引下线引下线 down lead 搭接焊搭接焊 overlap welding 避雷针避雷针 lightning rod 镀锌制品镀锌制品 zinc coating 断接卡断接卡 breaking of contact 电阻电阻 resistance 配电装置配电装置 power distribution equipment 集中接地装置集中接地装置 centralized 串联串联 cascade connection 干线联接干线联接 main line 并列并列 paratactic 单独单独 solely 机组机组 machine set 终端头终端头 terminals 余度余度 remaining 标记牌标记牌 notice plate 表册表册 statistical forms 电缆桥架电缆桥架 cable testing bridge 电机电机 electric machine 相对湿度相对湿度 relative humidity 杂物杂物 sundries 耐压试验耐压试验 withstand voltage test 照明器具照明器具 ligthing paraphernalia 铭牌铭牌 nameplate 验收规范验收规范 acceptance specification 接线接线 wire splice 试运试运 test run 进线口进线口 incoming line 带电带电 electrified 盘车转子盘车转子 jigger rotor 二次回路二次回路 secondary circuit 中心线中心线 center line 触头触头 contactor 配电配电 power distribution 成套成套 whole set 楼板楼板 floor slab 备件备件 duplicate part, spare part 包装包装 packing 器材器材 equipment 导线导线 conducting wire 脱落脱落 fall off 规范规范 specification 电器电器 electrical appliance 断路器断路器 line breaker 机械联锁机械联锁 mechanical interlocking 碰撞碰撞 collision 轻便轻便 portable 。
建筑专业英语用词
firmness 坚固commodity实用delight美观architecture建筑学tectonics结构构造construction结构构造engineer（技术类）设计design（形象、视觉类）设计landscape景观technology工业技术interior design室内设计aesthetics美学aesthetic美的architectonics 建筑学结构设计behavior science行为科学sociology社会学anthropology人类学（anthropo）beam 梁（统称）simple support beam简支梁cantilever悬臂梁shear diagram剪力图moment diagram弯矩图shear force 剪力continuous beam连续梁building建筑物bond砌合粘合substructure地下基础superstructure地上基础foundation 地基roof屋顶+ ceiling 天花板+ shell薄壳屋顶，框架，骨架tall building 高层建筑high-rise高层super high-rise超高层skyscraper摩天大楼mid-rise中层multi-storey多层的low–rise 低层loft阁楼mezzanine夹层basement地下室first floor首层cellar地窖portico（有圆柱）的门廊porch门廊colonnade 石柱廊porte-cochere 停车门廊porta 肝门正式的门doorway门口门道patio露台小院courtyard 庭院院子forecourt前院atrium 心房中庭前厅atria中庭前厅（复数）也可直接加ssite plan总平面图master plan 规划总平面图elevation立面图load-bearing荷载interior wall内墙exterior wall外墙partition （wall）隔墙wording行文语气措词whaling 捕鲸shrimping 捕虾业skylight天窗dormer（window）老虎窗flat roof平屋顶pitch斜坡坡度pitch rise坡高pitch run坡长pitched roof坡屋顶gable山墙gable roof双坡顶hip roof四坡顶hipped roof切角双坡顶gambrel roof斜折线屋顶;复折式屋顶mansard roof折线形屋顶;复折式屋顶;双重斜坡的四边形屋顶shed roof单坡屋顶lean-to（小）单坡屋顶butterfly roof蝶形屋顶sawtooth roof锯齿屋顶shed domer gambleroof drain屋顶的雨水口drain排水沟排水管gutter（路边）排水沟（屋顶）天沟eaves屋你檐pavilion roof攒尖式屋顶,亭顶form形式shape形状line线条texture肌理质感手感visual texture 视觉质感tactile texture触觉质感massing体量composition构图additive 加法subtractive减法symbol符号sign标志pattern纹理图案detail细部articulation清晰度突显连接一起（让个体突显出来的）连接方式fabric 构造肌理diagram图表diagraph图文telegraph电报电信telegram电报photograph相片duplex两部分的复式房屋bicycle双轮自行车monocycle独轮车order秩序harmony协调coherent条例清晰地agreement协调similarity类似相似proximity（位置）相似continuity连续alignment对位对齐align对齐使之在一条线上hierarchy ['haiərɑ:ki]层次层级级别opposition对比juxtaposition并列放置并置tension张力uniformity一致单调homogeneous同性质的均质的regular规则的均匀的monotony单调乏味无聊monotonous单调的variety品种多样化contrast对比anomaly异常不规则atypical pneumonia [nju:ˈməunjə] 非典型肺炎severe acute respiratory ['respərə,tɔ:ri:,] syndrome .['sindrəum] 严重呼吸性综合症balance平衡的equilibrium [,i:kwə'lɪbri:əm, ,ekwə-]平均均势symmetric均衡的asymmetric不对称的非均匀的（逻辑上）非对称的bilateral D.J.[bai'lætərəl]双边的bilateral symmetric 左右对称radial辐射状的放射形的axis对称轴（axes）axis of evil country邪恶轴心国rhythm节奏韵律local symmetri c局部对称gradation渐变proportion比例golden section/mean黄金分割scale尺度比例human scale人体比例visual scale视觉比例module 单元模块ergonomics D.J.[,ə:ɡəu'nɔmiks]人体工学human engineering人体工程学anthropology人类学anthropomorphize人格化SD schematic design方案设计DDC design development初步设计（preliminary des）detail详图shop detail用于加工的详图CD construction documents 施工图设计conceive构思synthesis综合synthetic material合成材料refine优化提炼inflection（小）变形transformation（大）变形变质phase 阶段时期phase1第一阶段image构思出来的形creativity创造力originality原创性imagination想象力幻想物concept概念scheme方案typology类型学象征论prototype 原形architype （医）原形Neolithic .[,ni:ə'lɪθɪk]新石器时代prehistoric史前的Stone age石器时代macro-宏观中观Madhyamika Gothic Rerival哥特复兴Carpenter Gothic木工哥特式therm 热Kelvin（加尔文）scale开氏温度thermometer温度计absolute scale绝对温度absolute zero绝对零度phase change相变gaseous phase气态（steam）solid phase固态liquid phase液态conduction传导热传导convection 对流传递radiation辐射radioactive放射性的pedestrian [pə'dɛstriən] circulation 人流vehicular circulation车流autobiography自传wok炒菜锅ketchup番茄汁kowtow磕头kowtow toastronaut D.J.['æstrənɔ:t]太空人taikonaut中国太空人thermal transmission热传导thermal break（barrier）隔热infiltration渗透mineral wool矿棉fiberglass玻璃纤维rock wool岩石棉fiber optic光纤thermal insulation（隔离）绝热thermal comfort热舒适humidity radio湿度计heating ventilation air-conditioning （HV AC）暖通专业central heating中央采暖中央暖气系统thermostat温控器heating load热荷载cooling load 冷荷载heating degree-day增温度日tack通风管（vent-pipe）duck潜入躲闪duckwork管道工infrared红外线ultraviolet D.J.[,ʌltrə'vaiəlit]紫外线wavelength波长x-ray X射线microcosmic 微观的angle of reflection反射角diffus 漫反射（diffusion）transparent透明的translucent半透明（只透光不投影）opaque 不透明的bulb电灯泡fluorescent D.J.[fluə'resnt] lamp荧光灯starter启辉器elliptical D.J.[i'liptikəl] reflector 反光罩diffuser通光板扩散体institution制度institute建立着手institutionalism制度学派Ecore des Beau Arts巴黎美术学院eclecticism折中主义Arts and Crafts Movement工艺美术运动Richardsonian Romannesque 里查德森浪漫主义Art Nouveau D.J.[nu:'vəu]新艺术Stile Libe Sezession 分离派Modernismo 现代主义Jugendstil（德）新艺术青年式Rationalism理性主义唯理论modernisno（西班牙）现代主义De Stijl 风格派brutalism粗野主义modernism现代主义Abstract expressionism 抽象表现主义post-modernism后现代主义Bauhaus包豪斯建筑学派Beaux-Art architecture 巴黎美院cubism.['kju:bizm]立体派synthesis综合ostentation（s）炫耀physical planning实体规划physic物理physics物理学public bads公共败笔goods善品货品drafting制图draftsman绘图员grid iron金属网格（喻街道）object line实线dashed line dashed dot点划线centerline中心线axis轴线elevator电梯facade D.J.[fə'sɑ:d]正立面plan lever 1. 一层平面key plan 索引总图slums贫民窟urban decay城市退化settlement居民点reconstruction and renewal修复更新suburbanize [səˈbə:bənaiz]市郊化land use planning土地利用规划monopoly D.J.[mə'nɔpəli]垄断avant-garde先锋派deconstruction解构主义balcony阳台blue print蓝图government-subsidized housing保障房affordable housing 经济适用房maximize最大化bulldozer推土机恐吓者inclusive design包容性设计conventional常规的accessibility可行性hazard灾害公害traffic calming measure交通舒缓措施utilities市政工程buffer zone缓冲区pedestrianisation 人行道obedience .[əʊ'bi:di:əns]服从environmental determinism环境决定论natural surveillance（盯梢监视）自然监察address对待应对facilities （人行道，公园…）工程decay衰败circulation 流线pedestrian circulation 人行流线vehicular circulation 车行流线tripod 三脚架infrastruction 基础设施super structure 上层建筑urban 城市urbanization 城市化suburban 郊区，近郊countryside 农村urban center---urban area---suburban---countryside---nature---no man zone城市中心---城市地区---郊区---农村---自然区---无人区public transit 轨道交通government subsidize 廉租房economic restructure 经济结构转型structural change 结构转换grass-root-movement 草根运动property line 建筑红线setback 退红线CBD central business district 中央商务区Washington DC Washington District of Columbia neighborhood 邻里monocentric 单中心polycentric多中心edge city 边缘城市urban regeneration城市再造community社区megacity 巨型城市site planning 场地规划master planning总体规划legislation立法legislature立法机构legally biding 依法招标Regulation control控规landscape景观vista指从本人立场往外看sightline /vistas line 视线renew/regeneration/reconstruction 城市更新built environment 人造环境urbanized area 城市建成区municipality 城市regional planning 区域规划Zhu river delta 珠江三角洲地区feasible adj. 可行性feasibility feasibility study 可行性研究Industrialized city 工业化城市citizen 市民human scale 人体尺度sustainable development 可持续发展sustainabilityecosystem 生态系统consumption 消费heat island/bridge 热岛/桥pedestrian friendly 行人友好user friendly 用户友好demography n. 人口统计学demographic adj. demo- 人TND traditional neighborhood development传统邻里开发TOD transit-oriented development 以公共交通为导向的开发模式Industry-oriented 以工业为导向Lane 车道multilane boulevard 多车道林荫道（深南、滨海）rural area----反义----- urban area hinter 内陆、腹地commute 坐车上下班quantity 量quality 质quality design 高质设计quantitative 量化quantitative tools 量化工具developer 开发商，指公司或者法人architect 建筑团队，或其中代表性人物。
建筑学-专业英语01
1.0114
反构成主义
deconstructivism
0
1.0115
粗野主义
brutalism
0
1.0116
文脉主义
contextualism
0
1.0117
新陈代谢主义
metabolism
0
1.0118
高技术建筑
hightech architecture
0
1.0119
乡土建筑
vernacular architecture
Architectural Society of China, ASC
0
1.0062
社会影响评价
social impact assessment,SIA
0
1.0063
环境影响评价
environmental impact assessment,EIA
0
1.0064
建筑测量
building surveying
0
1.0065
建筑勘探
building geotechnics
0
序码
汉文名
英文名
注释
01.1总论
0
1.0001
建筑学
architecture
0
1.0002
建筑物
building
0
1.0003
人体测量学
anthropometry
0
1.0004
人体尺寸
human dimensions
0
1.0005
人体舒适
human comfort
0
1.0006
人类行为
human behavior
unit 1-建筑学专业英语
14、overlap
英[əʊvə'læp] 美['ovəlæp]
•n. 重叠；重复 •vi. 部分重叠；部分的同时发生 •vt. 与…重叠；与…同时发生
15、zen
[zɛn]
•n. 禅；禅宗；禅宗信徒
16、metaphor
英['metəfə; -fɔː] 美['mɛtəfɚ]
•n. 暗喻，隐喻；比喻说法
2、psychological
英[saɪkə'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l]
•adj. 心理的；心理学的；精神上的
3、built environment
[ɪn'vaɪrənmənt]
建成环境，建筑环境
4、break with
•v. 结束；与…绝交，和…断绝关系；和…决裂
5、proclaim
英[prə'kleɪm] 美[prə'klem]
17、rammed
['ræ md]
•adj. 冲压成的，捣打成的
•rammed earth 夯土
18、vernacular
英[və'nækjʊlə] 美[vɚ'nækjəlɚ]
•adj. 本国的；地方的；用本地语写成的 •n. 本地话，方言；动植物的俗名
19、renewal
英[rɪ'njuːəl] 美[rɪ'nuəl]
10、decipher
英[dɪ'saɪfə] 美[dɪ'saɪfɚ] n. 密电译文 v.解码、破解 decode 英[diː'kəʊd] 美['di'kod] •vt. [计][通信] 译码，解码 •vi. 从事破译工作
建筑工程专业英语
建筑工程专业英语词汇（1）建设建筑,修建to build, to con struct 建筑学architecture 修筑,建筑物buildi ng 房子house 摩天大楼skyscraper 公寓楼block of flats （美作：apartment block）纪念碑monument 宫殿palace 庙宇temple皇宫，教堂basilica 大教堂cathedral 教堂church 塔塔楼tower 十层办公大楼ten-storey office block柱column 柱列colonnade 拱arch 市政town planning （美作:city planning）营建许可证，建筑开工许可证buildi ng permissi on绿地greenbelt 建筑物的三面图elevati on设计图plan 比例尺scale 预制toprefabricate 挖土，掘土excavation 基foundations, base, subgrade 打地基to laythe foundations 砌好的砖歹U course ofbricks 脚手架scaffold, scaffolding 质量合格证书certificatio n of fitn ess原材料raw material 底板bottom plate 垫层cushion 侧壁sidewall 中心线center line 条形基础strip foot ing 附件accessories 型辛钢profile steel 钢板steel plate 熔渣slag 飞溅welding spatter 定位焊tacking 弓丨耳弧generating of arc 建筑工程专业英语词汇（2）充水试验filli ng water test 错边量unfitness of butt joint 底圈foundation ring 真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test 丁字焊缝tee welding 渗透探伤oil whiti ng test 充水试验filli ng water test 内侧角焊缝接头interior angle welding line joi nt 基础沉降foundation settlement 测量基准点datum mark 稳定性试验stability test 排气阀outlet valve 角钢angle steel 构件component part 机械损伤mecha ni cal damage 缩孑L shrinkage cavity 折迭enfoldment 碳钢管carb on steel tube 公称直径nominal diameter 预埋件embedded part 轴测图axonometric drawing 布置图arrangement diagram 氧乙炔气割oxyacetyle ne gas cutt ing 低合金钢管low alloy steel 热影响区heat affected area 修磨polish 砂轮片grinding wheel 等离子plasma panel 重皮coldlap 凹凸unevenness 缩口necking down 端面head face 倾斜偏差dip deviation 夕卜径external diameter 砂轮grinding wheel 管件pipe casting 单线图single line drawing 平齐parallel and level 两端two terminals 满扣buckle 螺栓紧固bolt on熄弧quenching of arc 焊道welding bead 坡口beveled edges 夕卜观检查visual in spect ion 重皮double-skin 水平方向弧度radia n in horiz on tai directio n成型molding直线度straightness accuracy 焊缝角变形welding line angular distortio n水平度levelness 铅垂度verticality 翘曲变形buckli ng deformation 角尺angle square 对接焊缝butt weld 母材pare nt metal 法兰密圭寸面flange seali ng surface夹层in terlayer 表面锈蚀浓度surface corrosion concen trati on挠曲变bending deformation 超声波探伤ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic exam in ati on压力容器pressure vessel 预制下料prefabricati on bait ing 排版直径set-typediameter 焊缝welding line 中幅板centerplate 测量方法measuri ng method 基准点datum mark 跳焊skip welding 允许偏差allowable variati on 补强板stiffening plate开孑L tapping对接接头banjo fixing butt jointing 角钢angle iron安装基准圆in stallati on fun dame ntal circle吊装立柱hoisti ng upright colu mn 焊接钢管welded steel pipe 向心斜拉筋cen tripetalcanting pull rope带板band plate 槽钢胀圈cha nnel steelexpa nsion ring 环口collar extension 局部变形local distortion 周边periphery 附加应力additio nal stress 同轴度axiality 平行度parallelism 随机stochastic 允许偏差allowable variati on 重直度verticality 水平度levelness 隔离盲板bli nd plate 氩弧焊argon arc welding 压盖螺栓gla nd bolt 间距spaci ng 有效期period of validity 担任take charge of undertake 焊条welding rod 碳钢焊条carbon steel 焊丝welding wire 熔化焊melting 钢丝steel wire 气体保护焊gas shielded arc weldi ng 烘干drying 清洗ablution 制度s ystem 焊接工艺weld ing procedure 相应corresponding 手工电弧焊manual electric arc weldi ng 手工钨极man ual tun gste n electrode 打底render 电源power source 交流alternating current 焊件weldment 管壁厚度pipe thick ness 对接焊缝butt weld 工件壁厚workpiece 飞溅物splash 沾污smirch 油污oil stain 细锉smooth file 铳刀milling cutter 氧化膜oxide film 脱脂处理un grease treatme nt] 棉质纤维cotton fibre 丙酮acet one 硫sulfur环缝circumferential weld顶板top plate 拱顶vault 顶板加强肋stiffening rib 对接butt joint 胎具clamping fixture卷板机plate bending rolls 中心支架cen terbeari ng bracket 椭圆度ovality 等分线bisectrix 搭接宽度lap width 点焊spotwelding 搭接焊overlap welding 对称symmetrically 螺旋爬梯cockle stairs 放料阀baiting valve 液位计content gauge 芬兰维萨拉Vailsla OY 美国美科"Met-coil, USA" 集中式空调系统centralized air con diti oning system裙房annex 热源heat source 平面位置的空间space of planimetric positi on密圭寸性能seali ng performa nee机房machine room 节点timing专业"profession or discipline 都可以，要根据上下文”连体法兰coupli ng flange 垂直井笼verticalwell cage 变风量variable air rate 施工面展开con struct ion un folds 违约行为non complia nee合同交底-contract presentation 管理承包商Manageme nt Con tractor party工程量work amount实施的形象进度progress of impleme ntation完工资料as-built docume ntatio n文整clear-up 审核review 汽车式起重机Autocra ne 深化图纸deepe n draw ing焊齐U welding flux 钢板steel plate 纵向焊缝Iongitudi nal weld Ion gitudi nal seam 筒节shell ring 圭寸头end socket 卷管reelpipe 强度试验stre ngth test 起弧arc starting 穿堂风draught 熔合fusion 反面reverse side 整体integral 圭寸堵block up 焊口weld bond 医用胶布medical proof fabric 高频high frequency 焊炬welding torch建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译（4）综合分析判断comprehensive analysis and judgeme nt变压器transformer 扌由芯loose core 过道aisle三相电容three phase capacitanee 芯棒core rod都市规划与土地开发Urban g and Land Developme nt社区开发及工业区开发Community Development and Industry Park Developme nt开发许可申请Developme nt Permit土地使用变更计划La nd Use Rezo ning Pla n 主要计划及细部计划Master Plan and Detail Pla n都市计划更新计划Urban Ren ewal Pla n都市设施Urban Desig n 建筑设施Architecture Desig n 大地工程Geotech ni cal Engin eeri ng 工址调查Site In vestigati on 现地试验与室内试验In-Situ and Laboratory Test 基础工程Foun dati on Desig n设备配置计戈U equipment furnishment pla n结构预埋配合阶段Structure pre-embedme nt assista neestage精装修阶段Fi ne fitme nt stage 工程施工阶段Con struct ion stage 工程竣工阶段Completio n stage 台钻Bench drill 冲击钻Churn drill手电钻Electric portable drill 砂轮切割机Abrasive cutt ing off mach ine 角钢卷圆机An gle iron rolli ng mach ine 管道切断器Pipe cutt ing mach ine 铜管调直机Copperpipe straighteningmach ine管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes管道压槽机Book joint setting machine for pipes角向磨光机An gle polishi ng mach ine 电动套丝机Electric threadi ng mach ine 电动卷扬机Electric winch电动试压泵Motor-drive n pressure test pump手动试压泵Manual pressure test pump 阀门试压机Valve pressure test device 阀门试压机Valve pressure test device TDC(F)风管加工流水线TDC(F)air ductwork fabricati onstream line等离子切割机Plasma cutt ing mach ine TDC(F)法兰条成型机TDC(F) flange strip shap ing mill勾码成型机Forming machine for flange clampTDC(F)风管加工成型机TDC(F) duct fabrication shaping mill多普勒超声波流量检测仪Doppler ultras onic flow detector温、湿度传感器"Temperature, humidity sen or"精密声级计Precisi on sound level meter 风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置"Duct airleakagetester, airchamber air leakage testing深开挖工程及建物保护Deep Excavation and Building Protection新生地及软弱地层改良Reclamation and Soft Ground Improveme nt山坡地开发与水土保持Slope land Developme nt, Soil and Water Con servati on 潜盾隧道与岩石隧道Shield Tunnel and RockTu nnel大地工程施工顾问Geotech nical Co nstructio n Con sulta nt土壤材料试验Soil and Material结构工程Structural Engin eeri ng 各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢骨钢筋混凝土结构Structures of R.C.,Prestressed Con crete, Steel, and SRC 桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开挖挡土结构Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining Structures for Deep Excavatio ns桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强BridgeIn spect ion, Assessme nt, and Rehabilitati on 钢结构细部设计及制造图Steel Structural Detail Desig n and Shop Draw ings 厂房工程In dustrial Pla nt工业厂房-石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、科技工业厂房、一般性厂房In dustrialPlants--Petroleum and Chemical, Steel, Power, Gas, High-Tech nical and Gen eral Pla nts 环保设施工厂-垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污水处理厂及相关管线Environment Protecting Plants--Incineration Plants, Garbage Disposal Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and Pipi ng System设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台Equipme nt Supporting Structures, Pipe Racks, Operating Platforms设备基础Equipme nt Foun dati ons 厂区一般土木及公共设施Ge neral Civil Works and Utilities of Pla nts运输工程Tran sportati on Engin eeri ng 运输规戈U Transportation Planning停车场设施工程规划、设计Engineering Planning & Desig n for Parking Facilities建筑交通维持计划Traffic Co ntrol &device"风卓式风量测试仪Air hood air rate tester微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪"Microma no meter ,pitot tube, hot bulb （electrical）an emoscope"潜水泵Submerged pump 电动弯管机Electric pipe ben der 铜管弯管机Copper pipe ben der 液压弯管机Hydraulic pipe ben der 电动剪刀Electric clipper 液压铆钉钳Hydraulic rivet ing clamp 线槽电锯Trunking electric saw 开孑L器Tapper 电动空压机Electric air compressor 液压千斤顶Hydraulic jack 液压手推车Hydraulic trolley 焊条烘干箱Weldi ng rod dryi ng box 手拉胡户Chai n block 道（垫）木Sleeper 转速表Tachometer 电流钳型表Clip-style ammeter 压力表Pressure gauge 接地电阻测试仪Earth ing resista nee testi ng device氧气表Oxygen gauge 乙炔表Acetylene gauge 对讲机Walkie talkie 文件和资料docume nts and in formati on? 建设单位Con struct ion un it 安装单位In stallation unitz 建筑工程专业英语词汇翻译（3）送气air supply 电流衰减装置curre nt atte nu ati on 气体延时保护装置time delay熄弧quenching of arc 成型molding 钢印代号steel seal 质量分析quality an alysis 负责人principal 审批examine and approve 补焊工艺repair weldi ng 压缩机compression pump 平焊法兰welded flan ge 测试流程图test flow chart Man ageme nt duri ng Con struct ion水利及港湾工程Hydraulic and Harbor Engin eeri ng营建管理Con struct ion Man ageme nt估价及工程预算制作Estimates and Engin eeri ng Budget Works营建管理Con struct ion Man ageme nt 工程监造Con struct ion Supervisi on 施工计划Con struction Pla n 工程进度控管Schedule Control during Con struct ion施工规戈U Con struct ion Specificati ons 环境工程En viro nmen tal Engin eeri ng 环境影响评估Environment ImpactAssessme nt环境监测En viro nmen tal Mon itori ng地下水监测系统Grou ndwater Mon itori ng污水处理厂Wastewater Treatme nt Pla nt 污水下水道Sewage System 噪音振动防治Noise and Vibratio n垃圾焚化厂兴建工程Waste Incin erator废弃物处理系统工程Waste Treatment & Disposal共同管道Com mon Ducts管道及附属设施之规划设计Planning and Design of Common Ducts Structures and Subsidiary Facilities经济效益分析Economic and Efficiency An alysis财务评估Fi nan cial Evaluation 管理维护办法及组织订定Regulation for the Man ageme nt. Maintenance and Orga ni zati on电力复合脂electric force compo un ded grease 电缆敷设cable layi ng 电缆槽架cable channel主干线trunk line 弯头angle fitting 录9落处exfoliation 银粉aluminum powder 支持点support point 拆装disassembly and assembly 畅通smooth 电压等级electric pressure 通断实验on off加固措施rei nforceme nt measure 校验verify 升压boost pressure 读数off scale reading 满刻度值full-scale value 盲板blind plate 压力表pressure meter 强度intensity 目测eye survey, visiual inspection 半径radius 公式formula 管路pipeline 严密性leakproofness 导电膏conductive paste 压接compression joint 地上连接overgr ound 埋深buried depth 接地线earth wire 说明description 分线盒junction box 接地装置earth ing deivce 交叉across 塑料保护管protection tube 塑料带plastic tape 防腐处理preservative treatme nt 接地极earthing pole 接地电阻测试earth resista nee 防雷接地light ning protect ion 遵守comply with 避雷网light ning conduction 引下线down lead 搭接焊overlap welding 避雷针lightning rod 镀锌制品zinc coat ing 断接卡break ing of con tact 电阻resista nee 配电装置power distribution equipment 集中接地装置cen tralized串联cascade connection 干线联接main line 并歹U paratactic 单独solely 机组machine set 终端头terminals 余度remaining 标记牌notice plate 表册statistical forms 电缆桥架cable test ing bridge 电机electric machine 相对湿度relative humidity 杂物sun dries 耐压试验withstand voltage test 照明器具ligth ing parapher nalia 铭牌nameplate 验收规范accepta nee specificati on 接线wire splice 试运test run 进线口incoming line 带电electrified 盘车转子jigger rotor 二次回路sec ondary circuit 中心线center line 触头contactor 配电power distribution 成套whole set 楼板floor slab 备件duplicate part, spare part 包装packing 器材equipment 导线con duct ing wire 脱落fall off 规范specification 电器electrical applianee 断路器line breaker 机械联锁mecha ni cal in terlock ing 碰撞collision 轻便portable。
建筑学专业英语
Unit 3: The Language of Architecture
1.Vocabulary
5）intangible a.触摸不到的；无形的；模糊 的 n. 无形（不可捉摸）的事物，无形资产 tangible a.实在的，可触及的 n. 有形资产
6）interpret vt. 解释，说明；认为，按…理解 interpreter n. 口译者 interpre（ta）tive a. 解释的，理解的
Unit 3: The Language of Architecture
1.Vocabulary
7）opening n. 孔，洞，口，(slot)缝；门窗 净宽 open v. 打开，开放 a.敞开的，露天的
～ space ：室外公共空间 ～ air theatre ：露天剧场 ～ area ：广场 ～ court ：露天庭院，公开法庭
2. Phrase
8） by right of by right(s)
凭借 照理说
I should not ～ have told you.
9） in spite of 不管，不顾 in spite of oneself 不由自主地
He laughed ～ himself.
Unit 3: The Language of Architecture
8）mansion n. 府第，官邸；公寓大楼
Marseilles Mansions ：马赛公寓
Unit 3: The Language of Architecture
1.Vocabulary
9）closet n. 盥洗室，卫生间；壁橱，衣柜； 储藏室，小房间 a.秘密的 v.关起门来
～ basin ：盥洗盆 ～ bowl ：马桶 ～ tank ：便桶水箱 ～ pole(rod) ：壁橱挂衣杆
(完整版)建筑学专业英语modernhousingprototypes现代住宅的原型
two-1evel unit复式单元single-loaded 外廊式double-loaded adj.内廊式Walk-up n.无电梯的公寓/adj.无电梯的skip-stop corridor 隔层设置的走廊corridor-every-floor 每层设置走廊的vertical circulation system 垂直交通系统low-rise adj.低层；high-rise adj.高层rowhouse adj.联排式住宅；slab n.板式住宅；tower n.塔式住宅Single-orientation unit单一朝向单元Double-Orientation Unit 90°转角单元Double-Orientation Unit, open-ended 双向开敞的单元natural light 自然采光natural ventilation 自然通风mechanical ventilation 机械通风transverse walls 横墙building codes 建筑规程staggered- plan 交错变化的平面auxiliary mean 辅助设施self-contained adj.设备齐全的single-run 单跑楼梯return stairs双跑楼梯英汉互译包含在以下加粗部分及最后一堂课讲到的例子中。
Unit 10 Section 1Intensive ReadingModern Housing Prototypes 《现代住宅的原型》Roger Sherwood （罗杰·舍伍德）Part IINTRODUCTIONThis book is presented in the belief that a reexamination of some of the great housing projects of this century is appropriate at a time when the design of housing commands the attention of architects the world around. The buildings offered here as case studies were selected because of their importance as prototypes, projects that set the standards and patterns of much that was, and is, to follow. Other considerations were diversity –so that a wide range of countries, buildings types and problems would be represented –and architectural quality. My assumption is that there is no excuse for poor architecture; that housing, like all buildings, to paraphrase Geoffrey Scott, must be convenient to use, soundly built, and beautiful.当今住宅设计受到全世界建筑师的关注，所以对本世纪一些伟大的住宅项目重新考究是无可厚非的，这本书就基于此观念做了一些介绍。
建筑学专业英语资料
建筑学专业英语资料Design for Accessibility.In the realm of architecture, the concept of accessibility transcends mere compliance with building codes. It encompasses a profound commitment to ensuringthat all individuals, regardless of their abilities or disabilities, have equal access to the built environment. By embracing the principles of universal design, architects can create spaces that foster inclusivity, promote well-being, and empower people from all walks of life.Universal Design Principles.The foundation of accessible design lies in the principles of universal design, which advocate for:Equitable Use: Designing spaces that can be used by people with diverse abilities, without the need for adaptation or specialized design.Flexibility in Use: Cater to a wide range ofindividual preferences and abilities by providing adjustable or adaptable features.Simple and Intuitive Use: Creating spaces that are easy to understand and navigate, regardless of the user's experience or cognitive ability.Perceptible Information: Communicating information effectively through visual, auditory, and tactile cues, accommodating sensory impairments.Tolerance for Error: Minimizing risks and hazards, and allowing for mistakes without compromising safety or usability.Low Physical Effort: Designing spaces that require minimal physical exertion, reducing barriers forindividuals with mobility impairments.Size and Space for Approach and Use: Ensuring adequatespace for maneuvering wheelchairs, mobility aids, and other assistive devices.Benefits of Accessible Design.Accessible design extends beyond legal requirements; it offers a myriad of benefits for both individuals with disabilities and the broader community:Social Inclusion: Creating environments that welcome and empower people with disabilities, breaking downbarriers to participation.Improved Quality of Life: Enhancing well-being by providing accessible housing, public spaces, and facilities that cater to diverse needs.Economic Empowerment: Enabling individuals with disabilities to lead fulfilling and productive lives by facilitating access to employment, education, and social opportunities.Enhanced Building Value: Accessible design increases the value of buildings by making them more marketable to a wider range of potential occupants.Sustainability: By considering the needs of all users, accessible design promotes inclusivity and environmental sustainability.Implementation Strategies.Incorporating accessibility into architectural design requires a thoughtful approach:Site Selection: Choose sites that are well-connected to transportation and accessible from various points of entry.Entrances and Exits: Provide multiple accessible routes into and out of buildings, including ramps, elevators, and automatic doors.Interior Circulation: Design wide hallways, clearaisles, and accessible routes throughout the building, considering the turning radii for wheelchairs.Accessible Restrooms: Ensure restrooms are spacious, well-lit, and equipped with accessible fixtures, grab bars, and alarms.Universal Signage: Use clear, concise signage that is easy to read and understand for individuals with sensory impairments.Acoustics and Lighting: Control noise levels and provide adequate lighting to support individuals withvisual or auditory impairments.Assistive Technologies: Integrate assistive technologies, such as elevators with audible announcements and tactile controls, for individuals with mobility or sensory impairments.Conclusion.Design for accessibility is not merely a technical requirement but a moral and ethical imperative. By embracing the principles of universal design, architects have the power to create built environments that are welcoming, empowering, and inclusive for all. By fostering accessibility, we not only improve the lives of individuals with disabilities but also create a more just, equitable, and enriching society for everyone.。
建筑专业英语
• Transformation, as Jorge Silvetti “By transformation we mean those operations performed on the elementsof a given existent code which depart from the original, normal, or canonical[1] usage of the code, by distorting, regrouping, reassembling, or in general altering it in such a way that it maintains its references to the original while tending to produce a new meaning.”
• Throughout the 20th century, building form and configuration [1] typically evolved [2] out of a direct response at least the first two of these factors, based solely [3] on programmatic conditions which could be quite restrictive, predictable [5] and utilitarian[4]. The overall transformation of an initially imagined solid “mass”, given a permitted number of incremental [6] transformations which respond to optimum[7] combinations of constraints, will generally yield [8] mechanical results. The range of ultimate [9] solutions will be virtually [10] fixed, with only some subtle[11] differences. However, the transformation process introduced here will depend largely on the architect's interpretation or response of these constraints beyond a utilitarian approach [12].
建筑学专业英语1.
English in Architecture
Course Requirements
No miss more than 3 class sessions for any reason.
Aims of this course
1. To gain some professional terms in the field of architecture. 2. To know the basic glossary of house components in English. 3. To know the basic architectural styles in English.
Grand Great Wall(伟大的长城)
Grand Great Wall is ancient wonders of the world, created by Chinese, but also a monument of the human civilization history.
The pyramids of Egypt 埃及金字塔
Alexander lighthouse is located in Egypt Alexandria. It was constructed for people’s life Without religious purpose. The candle light on the lighthouse shines in the whole Alexandria and protected the ships on the sea. It also was the tallest building in the world at that time.
建筑学专业英语文章2【精选】
Taste1.People who study examples of good taste嗅觉can acquire good taste. Some people are surrounded by good taste from birth. Others acquire a sense of taste from teachers or knowledgeable individuals. Those who improve their taste do it by observing and perceiving察觉，理解，认知objects of good design.2.History has placed a stamp of approval on the culture and artifacts史前古器物of ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. The periods of Louis XV 路易十五and Louis XVI路易十六, as well as the designs of the Renaissance 复兴period in Europe, are also rated估价high from the standpoint 立场，观点of good taste.3.However, taste is always in a state of flux不稳定because new designs are continually being created. Nostalgia 怀旧also plays an important role in the tastes of many people. It accounts for the popularity of traditional or classical decoration, which represents a return to the “good old days”, as in the popularity of Early American handcrafted 手工and antique古老的furniture today.4.Some people favor a traditional period and style. Even when this choice is correct in every aspect, it can produce rooms that lack the imprint痕迹，特征of the individual’s personality. Other people who desire to break突变from tradition find expression表达for their taste in a choice of contemporary designs. Still another group, the eclectics折中主义, like amixture of different styles.5.As one looks at the past and contemporary designs with a critical, appraising 评价的eye, accepting what is right for a particular life style and rejecting what is not, personal tastes are developed. No one is born with a discerning敏锐的eye, nor is it acquired overnight, but once acquired most possessions will become more rewarding.6.Taste is a purely subjective个人的judgment of what one thinks is beautiful, attractive, or appropriate. What one individual may consider to be good taste another may find in poor taste. Once Victorian homes filled with bric-a-brac 金碧辉煌were considered appropriate. Today modern society frowns on 不满于cluttered environments, as witnessed in our sleek井然有序的, unadorned朴素的skyscrapers摩天楼and our uncluttered 整理interiors with clean-line furniture.7.Taste is also a personal preference, whether or not others feel that it needs improvement. But genuine 真正的good taste is discrimination 区别and judgment based on a knowledge of art principles that follow good design. Taste is not acquired by accepting each new trend that becomes fashionable, but rather through a deliberate深思熟虑的and continuing process of first becoming aware, then training the eye to discriminate between what is and what is not good design. How is good taste distinguished from bad taste? An item is in good taste if it can be described as well proportioned成比例的, integrated互相协调的,beautiful, original, fine, sincere, appropriate, logical, direct, and efficient, with its form defining its function. An item can be considered in bad taste if the observer feels that it can be fairly described as chaotic无秩序的, confused混乱的, illogical, shoddy劣质的, fake赝品, cheap, insincere, ostentatious卖弄的, or vulgar粗俗的. There are many degrees of taste, ranging from the abysmally极度地bad through the mediocre 平凡to the superlatively 无上地good.8.Although the arbiters 仲裁者of taste might disagree with a person’s individual judgment and classification等级, whatever they are they represent that person’s honest and personal taste. If we are mentally精神上growing-developing finer 好的discrimination识别力, keener 哭丧女perception知觉, and maturer成熟的人appreciation-our standards of taste are constantly changing. We might discover that our previous taste has become inadequate不充分, and perhaps even abandon it. Thus it is not uncommon for young consumers to rush out冲出and decorate their first apartment with furniture they think they like because they did not understand their own taste. Their purchases were made too hastily匆忙.9.Our tastes are a result of how we see things aesthetically美学上, the scope of our educational and cultural experiences, our values, and our attitudes. Our tastes make us reject拒绝certain styles and accept others. Rejection could even evolve into发展成acceptance as we become more familiar with a style. For example, one may not want to own antiquesbecause they are not understood or appreciated but once a knowledge of antiques is acquired, an individual may become very much interested in using them in the home.10.Taste is more than purely subjective. It is an emotional response, and therefore a blend of thinking and feeling. Your emotional reaction may limit your enjoyment of a design.11.“Taste is also the orientation of an individual that results in his making judgments about social appropriateness of cultural products-nonmaterial, as well as material. Thus judgments of taste can be directed toward music, manners, and social conduct as well as art, architecture, and interior decoration” according to Roach and Eicher, who also point out that “taste is exhibited within a social context and is in relation to standards for taste that have grown out of the behavior patterns of the social group.” Taste operates in a sociological context because judgments are applied to an individual’s pattern of selection from the alternatives available. But that individual is judged on the basis of how well his or her taste measures with a given group’s taste. In other words, one is assessed with regard to the ability to differentiate good from bad taste as measured against arbitrary standards set by the group.12.Timing also influences what is considered good or bad taste. James Laver, a British historian, saw the relationship between taste and timing when he said that good taste depends upon the time perspective injudging a particular item. An item, he said, is considered thus:“indecent”10 years before its time“shameless” 5 years before its time“outre” 1 years before its time4“smart”in its time“dowdy” 1 years after its time“hideous”10 years after its time“ridiculous”20 years after its time13.The amount of time covered may be greatly expanded or condensedfor different items or styles; but the cycle is still a valid concept. Thisconcept operates in the collecting of antiques. Ten years ago people werenot collecting Art Deco items, but today these items are highly prized. Agreat deal depends on how far removed an item is from the time period inwhich it is judged.8261人研究的例子可以获得好的品味品味。