英语—-就近原则&就远原则

英语表达中的就近原则

英语语法中的就近原则简介一、常见的就近原则句型就近原则是指谓语动词与其靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致的原则。

这种原则在英语中有很多应用，下面列举了一些常见的句型：there be句型。

这种句型中，be动词要和其后的第一个主语在数上一致，如：句子说明There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.be动词和a pen保持一致There are some books and a pen on the desk.be动词和some books保持一致either...or, neither...nor句型。

这种句型中，谓语动词要和最靠近的主语在人称和数上一致，如：句子说明Either you or Paul is responsible for this thing.谓语动词和Paul保持一致Neither you nor I am wrong.谓语动词和I保持一致not only...but also, not...but句型。

这种句型中，谓语动词也要和最靠近的主语在人称和数上一致，如：句子说明Not only you but also your sister is lovely.谓语动词和your sister保持一致Not you but your father is to blame.谓语动词和your father保持一致二、就近原则的适用范围和限制条件就近原则虽然看起来很简单，但是并不是绝对的，而是要根据句子的意思和语境来判断。

有时候，谓语动词并不一定要和最靠近的主语一致，而是要和整个主语的意义一致，或者和句子的主旨一致。

下面是一些例外情况：当主语由with, together with, along with, as well as, rather than, besides, in addition to, including, except, but, like等词连接时，谓语动词要和前面的主语在人称和数上一致，如：句子说明A woman with two children is coming.be动词和a woman保持一致You, rather than your parents, are to blame.be动词和you保持一致Tim, as well as his friends, wants to see the film.谓语动词和Tim保持一致当主语是表示一体的复合名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式，如：句子说明Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast.谓语动词用单数，表示面包加黄油当主语是表示分离的复合名词时，谓语动词要用复数形式，如：句子说明Bread and eggs are on the table.谓语动词用复数，表示两种食物The United States and Canada are neighbors.谓语动词用复数，表示两个国家当主语是表示时间、距离、金额、比例等的复合名词时，谓语动词要根据句子的意思来确定，如：句子说明Five minutes is enough for me.谓语动词用单数，表示一个时间段Five minutes are left.谓语动词用复数，表示多个时间单位Ten dollars is a lot of money for a child.谓语动词用单数，表示一个金额Ten dollars are scattered on the floor.谓语动词用复数，表示多个钱币Two-thirds of the students are girls.谓语动词用复数，表示多个学生Two-thirds of the cake is gone.谓语动词用单数，表示一个蛋糕当主语是由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also等词连接的两个不同的人称或数时，谓语动词要和句子的主旨一致，如：句子说明He or I am to blame.谓语动词和I保持一致，表示自责He or I is to blame.谓语动词和he保持一致，表示指责Not only the teacher but also the students want to see the film.谓语动词和students保持一致，表示主要的意愿Not only the students but also the teacher wants to see the film.谓语动词和teacher保持一致，表示出乎意料的意愿。

英语中的就近原则

英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity),即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定就是主语)在“人称、数”上一致。

1、由下列词语连接的并列主语:"there be＋句型; or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

e、g、①What he does or what he says does not concern me 、她的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong 、您与我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame 、不就是您,而就是您父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong 、不仅您错了,她也错了。

2、在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e、g、①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people 、在远处,能听见鼓掌声与人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk 、桌上有一支钢笔与几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇:as well as;(together/along)with;rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from;likeE、G:He rather than I is right、Nobody but two students is in the classroom、The teacher with his students is working in the fields、They have kept working for several hours、Nobody made them work for so long、主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important、注意: 当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语中的就近原则

英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

e.g.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e.g.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;likeE.G：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语语法中几个就近原则

英语语法中几个就近原则在英语语法中有几个就近原则，它们是：1.主谓一致的就近原则（Proximity Agreement in Subject-Verb Agreement）：当主语由两个或更多个单数名词或代词组成，并且连接词为"and"时，谓语动词应与最靠近它的名词或代词在数上一致。

例如：The book and the pen are on the table. （书和笔在桌子上。

）2. 反身代词的就近原则（Proximity Agreement in Reflexive Pronouns）：当反身代词作为主语时，它应该与最靠近它的名词在人称和数上一致。

例如：John and his sister bought themselves new clothes.（约翰和他的姐姐给自己买了新衣服。

）3. 代词的就近指代原则（Proximity Agreement in Pronoun Reference）：当一个名词或该名词的同位语和一个代词一起使用时，代词应该与最靠近它的名词或同位语在人称、数、性别和格上一致。

例如：Peter and his friends played a game. They won. （彼得和他的朋友们玩了一场比赛。

他们赢了。

）4. 介词短语的就近修饰原则（Proximity Agreement in Prepositional Phrase Modifiers）：当一个名词有多个介词短语修饰时，这些介词短语应该紧密地连接到最靠近它的名词上，以避免歧义。

例如：The girl in the red dress with a hat is my sister.（穿着红色连衣裙戴着帽子的女孩是我妹妹。

）5. 修饰语的就近修饰原则（Proximity Agreement in Modifier Placement）：修饰语应尽可能地靠近它所修饰的词，以避免歧义。

英语中的就近原则(最新整理)

英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;like E.G：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语的就近原则

英语的就近原则
一、就近原则：又称“就近一致原则”，是指谓语与靠近的名词、代词在“人称、数”上保持一致。

1 there be 句型中，谓语动词要与靠be动词最近的名词或代词保持一致。

2 由eitheror, neitheror, not onbut ao等连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致。

二、就远原则：当用作主语成分后面跟有以下这些词引出短语时，谓语动词习惯上要与这些结构前面的主语保持一致。

（即与比较远的那个主语保持一致）
a we a, together, with, aong, ecee
一个妇女和两个孩子来了。

3 Sam, together with hi roommate, ha een the fim 萨姆和他的室友看了这部电影。

4 He rather than I i right 他是对的，我不是。

5 No one ecee now about thi new
除了我，没有人知道这个消息。

6 M father, no e than I, i a bae-ba fan
我爸爸和我一样是一个棒球迷。

英语中的就近原则

英语中就近一致の原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近の名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接の并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

e.g.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他の行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e.g.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们の呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;likeE.G：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一の概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接の两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语中的就近原则

英语中就近一致得原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Prｏximity),即:谓语与靠近得名词、代词(有时不一定就是主语)在“人称、数"上一致。

1.由下列词语连接得并列主语:"tｈｅrｅbe+句型; or ; either …oｒ;nor; neitｈer…noｒ;whethｅr…or;noｔ…but; not ｏnly…but also” ;等、ｅ、g.①What hｅdoeｓor whatｈｅsays ｄoes not cｏnｃern me. 她得行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you noｒI am wｒoｎg .您与我都没错、③Nｏｔyoｕbut ｙoｕr father isｔo bｌamｅ、不就是您,而就是您父亲该受责备、④Nｏt only ｙoｕbｕt(also) he ｉs wronｇ。

不仅您错了,她也错了、2、在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e、g、①Ｉｎtｈeｄisｔａｎｃe wａｓhｅard thｅclａpｐinｇof hａnds and the ｓｈoｕts of ｔhe ｐeopｌｅ。

在远处,能听见鼓掌声与人们得呼喊声。

②There is (arｅ) a pen aｎｄsoｍe bｏoks oｎtｈｅdesk 、桌上有一支钢笔与几本书、【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇:as wｅlｌas;(togetheｒ/ａlｏng)wiｔh;ｒather tｈan;exｃep ｔ;besides;but;including;iｎａdｄitiｏn to;apａrt from;lｉkeＥ、Ｇ:Hｅratｈeｒthan I iｓriｇht。

Nｏｂoｄy but twｏｓtｕdeｎts ｉs in the claｓsroom、Ｔｈｅteacherｗｉｔh his studｅntsｉs working in thｅｆields、They have kept worｋing forｓｅveｒal hoｕrｓ. Ｎoboｄy madｅthem work for sｏlｏng。

英语中的就近原则

创作编号：GB8878185555334563BT9125XW创作者：凤呜大王*英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

e.g.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e.g.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;likeE.G：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语中的就近原则

英语中的就近原则集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;like：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语中的就近原则

英语中的就近原则Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;like：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

(完整版)高中英语语法中的就近原则.doc

【就近原则】也称“ 近原”“就近一致原” (Proximity ），即：与靠近的名、代（有不一定是主）在“人称、数”上一致。

I.在正式文体中：1.由下列接的并列主： "there be＋句型 ; or ; either ⋯ or； nor; neither⋯ nor； whether⋯ or； not⋯but; not only ⋯ but also" ; 等。

e.g.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行或言都与我无关。

② Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没。

③ Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父受。

④ Notonly you but(also) he is wrong . 不你了，他也了。

2. 在倒装句中：可与后面第一个主一致。

e.g.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在，能听鼓掌声和人的呼喊声。

② There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支笔和几本。

II.非正式文体中：有依“就近一致原”，但也可依“意一致原”或格地依“ 法一致原” 。

e.g.Neither she nor I were there ( 意一致 ) 我和他当都不在那儿。

（非正式）Neither she nor I was there . （就近一致）（文同上句）（正式）但是，如果依“就近一致原” 而与其他两原相矛盾，常常是不太合符范的。

e.g.No one except his own supporters agree with him .他自己的支持者同意他的意。

英语中的就近,就远原则以及同位语概念和练习进步

英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

e.g.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e.g.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;likeE.G：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语中的就近原则24644

英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

；nor; neither…nor；1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or等。

e.g.whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ;①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

e.g.在远①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;likeE.G：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语中的就近原则

英语中的就近原则 Prepared on 22 November 2020英语中就近一致的原则【就近原则】也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。

1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。

.①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。

④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。

2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

.①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

【就远原则】谓语动词与前面主语一致代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from;like：He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.The teacher with his students is working in the fields. They have kept working for several hours. Nobody made them work for so long.主谓一致1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

英语就近原则

英语就近原则一、什么是就近原则？就近原则指的是主谓一致中的一种情况，由于在英语中一个句子的主语有时候并不是一个，而是出现多个主语，这些主语由并列连词连接起来，共用一个谓语，那么这个谓语动词就要和最靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

二、就近原则常见结构1、由并列连词or连接的多个主语，谓语动词要遵循就近原则。

例句1：You, he or I am allowed to leave the office.译文1：你，我或者他被允许离开办公室。

解析1：句中or连接了三个主语you，he和I，谓语动词be 最靠近主语I，所以be动词要选择am。

例句2：You or he is to blame.译文2：你或者他该受责备。

解析2：句中or连接了两个主语you和he，谓语动词be最靠近主语he，所以be动词要选择is。

2、由并列连词either···or···连接的两个主语，谓语动词要遵循就近原则。

例句1：Either you or Mike is wrong.译文1：要么你错要么迈克错。

解析1：句中谓语动词be靠近主语Mike,Mike是单数第三人称，所以be动词要用is。

例句2：Either the teacher or the students are right.译文2：不是老师正确，就是学生正确。

解析2：句中谓语动词be靠近主语the students，the students 是复数第三人称，所以be动词要用are。

3、由并列连词neither···nor···连接的两个主语，谓语动词要遵循就近原则。

例句1：Neither you nor your brother likes playing football.译文1：你和你弟弟都不喜欢踢足球。

解析1：句中谓语动词like靠近单数第三人称your brother，所以动词like要变单三形式likes。