英语句子成分及基本句型..
英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式
英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式Ⅰ. ▲句子成分分类1.主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如:We didn’t have enough time to think about problems by ourselves. We had to do muchhomework after class. She enjoys reading books and listening to music.Every coin has two sides(任何事物都有两面性)Three are enough.To spit in public is not polite. What to do next is not clear.Seeing English films is a good way to learn English well.Shopping on line has many advantages.What we need is food.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。
如:It took two workers about three months to build the house.I t’s our duty to protect the environment.It’s very exciting not to have extra classes on holidays.It is important for us to obey traffic rules.On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to go online2.谓语:谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
英语句子成分和五种基本句型
句子成份英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
1)简单谓语: We study for the people.2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He hasgone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
英语句子成分及5种基本句型
提醒
下列常见“It...”句型。
(1)It is+n./adj.to do sth.
(2)It is+adj./n.+for sb.to do sth. 1. 每天大声的朗读(read aloud)是很重要的。 2. 跟你聊天真是一场噩梦(nightmare)。
3. 要他讲个故事,他会很伤心。
英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构
4.1919年,(在)北京爆发了“五.四”运 动。 The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing
inቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ1919.
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英语基本句型-2主系表结构
本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以 说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。系动词 有: 1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;
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英语基本句型-1主谓结构
本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的 谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
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什么可以作主语?
Shanghai is in the east of China. Tom works very hard. I bought a new book. That is a picture of our school. Who knows the answer? Three plus four is seven. The first is the best. To see is to believe. It is important to learn English. 名词
句子的成分和基本句型
句子的成分和基本句型句子成分:组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。
英语的句子成分和中文的句子成分大致相同,可分为:主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补语。
一、主语——表明句子里所谈的是:“什么人”或“什么物”,主语常用名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。
例如:Lily likes her new bike.(名词) 莉莉喜欢她的新自行车。
He gets up early every day.(代词) 他每天都起得很早。
To learn English well is not easy.(不定式短语)学好英语不容易。
二、谓语——说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,英语中谓语只能用动词..充当。
例如:We work hard.我们努力工作。
The boy caught a bird. 那个男孩逮住一只鸟。
He is my father. 他是我父亲。
They all look fine. 他们都很好。
谓语和主语在人称和数方面必须保持一致。
例如:I am reading. You are reading. He\She is reading. We are reading.三、宾语——宾语是动作行为的对象。
由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词或短语充当,和及物动词一起构成谓语,说明主语“做什么”。
例如:Tom bought a story-book.(名词)汤姆买了一本故事书。
I saw him yesterday. (代词)昨天我看到他了。
He wanted to have a cup of tea. (不定式短语)他想要一杯茶。
直接宾语和间接宾语——有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫作间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
合称双宾。
例如:He gave me some ink . 他给了我一些墨水。
间接宾语直接宾语Our teacher told us an interesting story. 老师给我妈讲了一个有趣的故事。
英语句子成分及基本句型
英语句子成分及基本句型句子成分A. 主语(Subject)主语是一句话的中心。
除祈使句外,主语是句子中不可缺少的成分。
主语表示句子中所说的是“谁”或“什么”。
Jane is good at playing the piano.She went out in a hurry.Thirteen is regarded as an unlucky number by some people.To see is to believe.Smoking is bad for health.The young should respect the old.What he has said is true.B. 谓语(Predicate)谓语表示主语的动作或状态,分为简单谓语与复合谓语两种。
简单谓语由动词或动词词组组成;复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词。
I saw the flag on the top of the hill?He looked after two orphans.He can speak English well.C. 表语(Predicative)在系动词后的部分就是表语,说明主语的状态等。
常见的系动词有be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become, get, grow,come, go etc.系动词不用于被动语态.The apple tastes sweet.The war was over.They seem to know the truth.Time is precious.I’m not quite myself today.Who was the first?He is out of condition.The book is what I need.D. 宾语(Object)宾语是动作行为的对象,说明主语“做什么”。
句子成分及基本句型
英语的基本成分有:主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语,同位语。
句子分为简单句,并列句和复合句。
简单句又有五种类型:主+谓,主语+谓语+宾语,主语+系动词+表语,主语+谓语+宾语+宾补, 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。
主语是句子所要描述的对象,是最主要的成分。
可以做主语的有:名词,代词,数词,不定时,Ing形式,从句等。
Our school is very beautiful. / That is all I need. / Three is enough for both of us. /To make great progress is not easy. Seeing is believing. /That he did not give in his homework on time made the teacher disappointed.谓语表述主语的动作或所处的状态,是英语时态、语态变化的主角, 一般在主语之后。
不及物动词后面不加宾语,也没有被动。
Time is running out. We run out of the time.表语与系动词构成复合结构,用来说明主语的特征,属性,状态,身份等。
系动词分两类: be, look, keep, stay, remain, seem 等表情况; get, grow, become, turn等表变化。
还有感官动词look ,sound, feel ,smell等。
单词,短语,从句都可作表语。
The world is a book. (名词做表语)You are many, but they are few. 代词she was the first to arrive but the last to leave. 数词Please feel free to say what you really think. 形容词My wish is to be a good teacher. 不定式.Is anybody in ? 副词宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语,直接宾语是动作的承受者或结果,Who know the answer? / I need help. 间接宾语表示动作是对谁做或为谁做的。
英语句子成分及五大基本句型精讲
英语五种基本结构和句子成分含义一、五种基本句型1.“主语+ 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例:He often runs before breakfast.分析:”He”(主语) runs(谓语)此句型结构中的谓语动词一般为不及物动词或不及物动词短语。
2.“主语+ 谓语+ 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例:I study English.分析:“I”(主语)“study”(谓语动作)“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
此句型中的谓语动词一般为及物动词或及物动词短语。
例:He can take care of himself.3.“主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。
例:Our teacher taught us English.分析:“our teacher”(主语)“taught”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。
4.“主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例:Our teacher asks us to write a short story..分析:“our teacher”(主语)“asks”(谓语动作)“us”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to write a short story”(补语--补充说明宾语做什么)。
5.“主语+ 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下:1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。
如:It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。
如:Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于系动词之后,形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如:Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
如:He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如:He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分和基本句型(PDF版)
表:
动词分类
动词分类 1
动词分类 2
1、 不及物动词
1、不带宾语的动词
2、带一个宾语的及物动词
2、及物动词
3、带两个宾语的及物动词
4、带宾语和宾语补足语的及物动词
3、连系动词
5、带主语补足语(表语)的动词
从本表中我们看到,动词可以分为五类,因而就决定了英语的五种基本句型。英语的五种基本句型与上述动 词分
基本句型一:S+ V(主+谓)
S│V(不及物动词)
1.
Thesun│isshining.
2.Theboy│getsup.3.Weall│eat,anddrink.
主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。
如:1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.
2.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.
19.Ifoundthebookeasy. 20.Tom foundJim anapartment 21.WefoundJohnaloyal(忠心的)friend.
【课后强化巩固练习】
判断下列句子属于何种句型并翻译成汉语:
1.Iusuallycometoschoolbysubway. 2.Yournewbikelooksverynice! 3.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. 4.Heusuallyplayssoccer,buthedoesn’tplaybasketball. 5.I’m makingcards,butit’sboring. 6.Theyaredoingsomecleaninginthelab. 7.IthinkyoumustlikeEnglishverymuch. 8.Myfavoritesubjectishistory. 9.Myteachersandclassmatesareverykindtome. 10.Thereisastudynexttomybedroom. 11.Don’tputthemthere. 12.Youmustlookafteryourthings. 13.Manyfamilywithyoungchildrenlivehere,too. 14.Theairisfreshandlifeisquietinthecountryside. 15.Myfriendswanttohaveabirthdaypartyforme. 16.ItwasMay13th. 17.Icancook,butIcan’tdrawpictures. 18.I’dliketotaketheseflowerstotheparty. 19.Ican’tcountsomanyflowers. 20.Shecandoitverywell. 21.Oneyearago,shecouldn’tdoitatall. 22.Webroughtmanypresentsforhim. 23.EachofusgaveKangkangabirthdaycard. 24.It’sagoodseasonforflyingkite. 25.You’dbetterknowabouttheweatherindifferentplacesinAugust. 26.InmostareasofChina,itisveryhot. 27.Isawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringthesummerholidays. 28.Shedoeswellin(playing)baseball. 29.I’m sureourteam willwinnexttime. 30..Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下:1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。
如:It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。
如:Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于系动词之后,形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如:Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
如:He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如:He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分和基本句型
学习好资料欢迎下载句子成分英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。
主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1.名词2.代词3.数词4.名词化的形容词(如the rich)5.不定式6.动名词7.主语从句等表示。
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class.One-third of the students in this class are girls.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.It is necessary to master a foreign language.That he isn’t at home is not true.改正下列句中的错误,并说明原因。
He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill.Beyond the mountains lie a small village.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot.Play basketball is my favorite sport.Give up English is not an option.谓语谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
英语句子成分和五个基本句型
名 词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修 (五)定语 是修饰___ 前 饰的名词之_____ ;短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰 的名词之_____ 后 。
名词 They are woman workers. Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. 名词所有格 形容词 adj Mary is a beautiful girl.. 数词 The play has three acts. 形容词 /序数词 /to do 不定式 This is her first trip to Europe. China is a developing country. 现在分词 doing I have nothing to eat. to do 不定式 Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. 从句
七)宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词,除了要有宾语之 外,还要加上宾语补足语,才能使句子的意义完整。
They elected me captain of the team. 名词 We try to make our country strong. 形容词 We found everything in good order there.介词短语 I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式 I saw him going upstairs. 现在分词 doing They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
3.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
1)The boss employed five more workers. 主语 谓语 宾语 2)My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. 3)Few students like taking exams. 4)He forgot to close the door. 5)I hope I can speak English fluently.
英语的句子成分及五大基本句型
基本句型二:S+V+P.(主+系+表) 这种句型结构主要指谓 语动词为连系动词的情况。 如: She is Peter's sister. 她是彼得的妹妹。 That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。
基本句型三: S+V+O(主+谓+宾) 英语中绝大多数及物 动词只带一个宾语,这种动词叫单宾语及物动词。 如: Everyone likes him. 大家都喜欢他。 We study English and French. 我们学习英语和法语。
定语:定语为句子的次要成分,起修饰限制名词或代词的作用, 可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、 形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充 当。 例: His father is a doctor. 他父亲是一名医生。 Mr. Green has two sons. 格林先生有两个儿子。 The girl under the tree is Kate. 在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。 The man downstairs couldn’t sleep well. I bought a new dictionary. 我买了本新字典。 Can you find out the answer to the question? A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。 A man going to die is always kind-hearted. The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green?
英语句子成分与基本句式结构
四、表语
位于连系动词的后面,用来说明主语的身份、 特征、状态等。构成主系表结构。
例句: 1. This is an English book. 2. You look happy today. 3. They are from America. 4. I don’t feel well today.
英语句子成分和基本句型
句子成分
句子成分: 组成句子的各个部分。 主语 谓语 宾语 表语
状语 定语 补语 同位语
一、主语
句子所陈述的主体,一般位于句首,指动作 的发出者。
例句: 1. You are my friend. 2. My father is a teacher. 3. These girls like English.
第四种:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语.
例句: 1. I can make you happy. 2. They want me to sing. 3. We call him Mr. Smith. 4. The sun keeps us warm.
第五种:主语+连系动词+表语.
例句: 1. My father is happy. 2. She looks beautiful. 3. Her face turns red. 4. My dream(梦想) is to be a scientist.
五、定语
用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特 征的词。
例句: 1. This is a red car. 2. The tall boy is my friend. 3. Harbin is a beautiful city. 4. Mr. Black is a kind and interesting teacher.
英语句子的基本句型和成分
英语句子的基本句型和成分一、五大基本句型1. 主谓(SV):The little girl smiled.S V2. 主谓宾(SVO):Everybody likes it.S V O3. 主谓双宾(SVOO):My father bought me a new computer.S V IO DOMy father bought a new computer for me.S V DO IO4. 主谓宾宾补(SVOC):The old lady keeps her house clean.S V O C5. 主谓补(SVC)(又名主系表):The chilcken tastes great!S V C二、7大句子成分①主语②谓语③宾语④表语⑤宾补⑥定语⑦状语主语(Subject )句子的主体,全句述说的对象。
一般由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句担任,常至于句首。
如:I love you. The boy needs a pen.【活学活用1】 句子成分例句主语形式主语People put different kinds of food into it. Hot Pot is famous….名词 名词短语 Eating too much meat and seafood is harmful to our health.To see is to believe. Do you like hot pot?It is necessary (for us) to learn English .It took him five hours to fly to Guangzhou .形式主语: ______ 真正主语:__________________谓语(predicate )说明主语的动作和状态。
由动词担任,常至于主语后面。
如:I love you. The boy needs a pen.【活学活用2】宾语(object )表示动词的动作对象。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下:1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。
如:It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。
如:Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于系动词之后,形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如:Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
如:He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如:He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分及基本句型
英语句子成分及基本句型
英语句子成分主要有:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等。
以下是英语基本句型的介绍:
1. 主语+ 谓语(不及物动词):这种句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词,后面不跟宾语,但可以跟副词、介词短语等状语作谓语的补足语。
例如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)
2. 主语+ 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语:这种句型中的谓语动词是及物动词,后面必须跟宾语,表示动作的承受者或结果。
宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词等。
例如:I love music.(我喜欢音乐。
)
3. 主语+ 系动词+ 表语:这种句型中的谓语动词是系动词,后面跟表语,表示主语的性质、状态或特征。
表语可以是名词、形容词、介词短语等。
例如:She is a beautiful girl.(她是一个漂亮的女孩。
)
4. 主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语:这种句型中的谓语动词可以同时跟两个宾语,其中一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语。
间接宾语表示动作的受益者,直接宾语表示动作的承受者。
例如:Please give me a book.(请给我一本书。
)
5. 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语:这种句型中的谓语动词后面跟一个宾语,再跟一个宾语补足语,对宾语的性质、状态或特征进行补充说明。
例如:We found him in the park.(我们发现他在公园里。
)
以上是英语的基本句型,通过这些基本句型可以组合成各种复杂的句子。
英语句子成分和基本句型
句子成分英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。
主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1.名词2.代词3.数词4.名词化的形容词(如the rich)5.不定式6.动名词7.主语从句等表示。
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class.One-third of the students in this class are girls.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.It is necessary to master a foreign language.That he isn’t at home is not true.改正下列句中的错误,并说明原因。
He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill.Beyond the mountains lie a small village.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot. Play basketball is my favorite sport.Give up English is not an option.谓语谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
英语句子成分和基本句型
英语句子成分和基本句型(总14页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面,使用请直接删除句子成分英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补)除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。
主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构:1.名词2.代词3.数词4.名词化的形容词(如the rich)5.不定式 6.动名词 7.主语从句等表示。
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class.One-third of the students in this class are girls.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor.When we are going to have an Englishtest has not been decided.It is necessary to master a foreign language.That he isn’t at home is not true.改正下列句中的错误,并说明原因。
He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill.Beyond the mountains lie a small village. Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot.Play basketball is my favorite sport.Give up English is not an option.谓语谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
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• Leave the door open.
•We found John out when we arrived.
• Make yourself at home.
•I heard my name called.
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• 状语:状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行 为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度.一般由 副词,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语 充当,也可由从句来充当.
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⑤ With the medicine box under her arm,
Miss Li hurried off.
⑥ She loves the library because she loves
books.
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句子成份练习
1、You should study hard.
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英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
一: S V (主+谓) 二: S V P (主+系+表) 三: S V O (主+谓+宾) 四: S V O O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
五: S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)
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种 类型 类 1 S+V 2 S+V+O 3 S+V+P 4 S+V+O+O 5 S+V+O+C
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主 语 S We He
谓语 表语/宾语 宾语 动词 p/o o v work. plays the violin. students. a pen.
宾补c
We are
she gave me He made me
-- The old man was feeling very tired.
-- The leaves have turned yellow. -- He is a teacher while his little brother is still a junior middle school student.
句子成分和基本句型
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1
什么是句子?
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的,是 能表达一个完整概念的语言单位.句子的第 一个字母必须大写,结尾要有.?
!
I am a teacher.
Are you a student?
How beautiful the girl is !
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句子包括哪些成分?
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种, 即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。 英语的基本成分有八种:主语 (subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语 (predicative)、宾语(object)、定语 (attribute)、状语(adverbial) 、补语 (complement)、同位语。
• 定语:定语用来修饰名词或代词.形容词,代词, 数词,名词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,分 词,从句都可以充当定语. • The black bike is mine. • What’s your name?
• I have 5 books.
•A sleeping boy is sleeping. • They made paper flowers. • The boy in the room is Jack.
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• 宾语:宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词, 短语,不定式,动名词,从句充当.它和及物 动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后. She plays the piano.
He often helps me.
I like watching TV. She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
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按句子的结构可分三种:
简单句:主+谓
并列句:简+连+简 复合句:主+连+从
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简单句
只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或 并列谓语)。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. They walked, talked and laughed.
laugh.
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基本句型一
S +Vi.(主+谓)
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语 动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、 介词短语、不定式、状语从句等。
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S
Vi (不及物动词)
1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.He 10.They
10、To our joy, they arrived safe. 状语
11、The fact is very clear that our team will win the game. 同位语 12. After graduation he will work where he came from. 状语
He did it carefully.
He studied very hard.
I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.
He is writing with a pen.
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
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4. Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? 5. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
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(二) 挑出下列句中的表语
5. The boy in the clssroom is crying.
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(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 1. He asked her to study hard. 2. She found it difficult to do the work. 3. They call me Lily sometimes. 4. I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
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I think that he is good boy.
7
• 宾语补足语:在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达 完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表 达完整的意思.它起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样的作 用.它可以由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式, 现在分词和过去分词充当. • If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
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• 谓语:说明主语做什么,以什么状态或 特征存在,由简单动词或者动词短语构 成.
They are teachers.
She looks well.
He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates. He can speak English.
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语 动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个 表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能 表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
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S
V(是系动词)
P(表语)
1. This 2. The dinner 3. He 4. Everything 5. He 6. The book 7. The weather 8. His face
is smells(闻) fell looks is is became turned
an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting. warmer. red.
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系动词词义不完整,在句中不能单独使 用(除省略句外),后面必须接有表语, 系动词和表语一起构成合成谓语。 be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表 语的作用。
宾语+宾补
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7、We watched the train leaving the station. 宾语+宾补
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8. I think it difficult to finish the work this morning. 宾语+宾补
主语
9. There seems little hopes of success.
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• 主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题 的部分.一般由名词,代词,不定式,动 名词或从句充当.它的位置一般在句首.
The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe. They are good friends.
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flies. rose. cooked. eat, and drink. laughed? woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday. is playing. have gone.
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基本句型 二 S +V +P(主+系+表)