考博英语作文指导

为确保英语作文内容充分可以使用的七种论据专家证言、统计数据、例子、个人经历、逻辑推理、常识、类比三段式作文的结构要求In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.三段论的文章应该符合“凤头、猪肚、豹尾”的要求，即开头要简洁，正文要充实，结尾要有力。

引言写作模版{I. 吸引注意力：可以用数字、问题、引语等}/{II. 引出文章话题：可以开门见山式、正反表态式、驳论式、收网式}/{III. 表述中心论点；由topic + controlling idea 构成}要点提示：1．引言段可以由三部分构成，第一部分设法吸引注意力，第二部分引出话题，第三部分表述中心思想；2．在有些文章中，第一部分和第二部分可以融合起来；3．中心思想的表述对引言至关重要，它应该有明确的话题和清晰的观点，并尽量暗示正文结构。

正文段的写作模板{主题句：表述本段的主要内容}、{第一组支持句：表述支持主题句的第一种论据}、{第二组支持句：表述支持主题句的第二种论据}、{第三组支持句：表述支持主题句的第三种论据}、{段落结尾句：重述本段的主要内容}重点提示：1. 正文段应该以主题句开始。

主题句的topic应该与全文的topic相一致，以确保文章不跑题。

主题句的controlling idea 在一起应该能支持thesis statement中的controlling idea.2. 正文段其他部分的句子应该分组，每一组对应一个论据，段落中不能存在缺乏“归属感”的句子。

3. 正文段中的内容以及正文段之间的内容必须按照合理的顺序来安排，以保证文章的通顺。

结论段写作模板{总结：采用直接总结法、首尾呼应法或让步重述上文的主要内容}/{最终评论：通过评论重要性、预测将来的发展、提出警告或者提出解决方法对作文话题做简单评论}重点提示：1. 结论段应包括总结和最终评论两部分；2. 总结的常用写法有三种：直接总结法、首尾呼应法或者让步法；3. 最终评论的常用写法有四种：评论重要性、预测将来的发展、提出警告或者提出解决问题的方法。

力求立意深远大部分考生在写作中或许能做到内容恰当、充实，但要想正真实现内容上脱颖而出，我们还应该力求自己的作文做到立意深远。

一般说来，大部分考生都会谈论与考题直接相关而且相对来说比较浅显的内容，读多了之后会有千篇一律之感。

这样的文章很容易让阅卷老师产生“审美疲劳”。

立意深远的内容能使文章在思想深度上胜人一筹，这就要求考生能在写作时扩大范围和范畴，学会用全球视野分析问题。

不同观点列举型（选择型）模块：There is widespread concern over the issue that 作文题目. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that 观点一. In their views, there are two factors contribution to this attitude as follows: in the first place, 原因一. Futhermore, in the second place, 原因二. So it goes without saying that 观点一.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hod the idea that 观点二. In their point of view, on the one hand, 原因一. On the other hand, 原因二. Therefore, there is no doubt that 观点二.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that 观点一或观点二. It is not only because ，but also because. The more , the more .强烈推荐表列举的词汇和短语：1）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally2）to start with, next, in addition, finally3）first and foremost, besides, last but not least4）most important of all, moreover, finally5）one the one hand, on the other hand (适用于两点的情况)6）for one thing, for another thing (适用于两点的情况)其他推荐过渡词：1. 表示递进：besides, in addition(to), additionally, what’s more /worse, what'sbetter, worse still, moreover, above all, not only...but also2. 表示并列：meanwhile, at-the same time, in the mean time3. 表示原因：because, because of, for, as, in that, since, owing to due to, onaccount of, on the ground of, as a result of, result from4. 表示比较：equally import, similarly, likewise, in the same way6. 表示对比或对照：on the contrary, in/by contrast, while, in stead,different from, on the other hand, despite, in spite of , yet, but, whereas,unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, the former… the latter, some…others, the first…whereas the second, on the one hand…on the other hand7. 表示强调：in particular, on top of all this, above all, most important ofall, even worse, to make things, worst of all, needless to say8. 表示结果：thus, therefore, accordingly, so, as a result, for this reason,then, hence, consequently, as a consequence, result in, lead to8. 表示总结：in a word, all in all, to sum up, in brief, in short, tosummarize, to conclude, in conclusion推荐开头句型：Recently, the rise in has aroused public concern.Recently the issue of the problem (phenomenon) of has been brought into focus (has been brought to public attention).______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-daylife. it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.结尾万能公式：1. 公式一：如此结论Thus, it can be safely concluded that …, Therefore, we can safely draw sucha conclusion that …更多过渡短语：to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, in short, in one word…2. 结尾万能公式二：如此建议In summary/ Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to enable old people to enjoy comfortable lives..From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at theconclusion that it is essential for us to take some measures to .After pondering this question on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that we must take some measures to .Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.不同观点列举型（选择型）模块：There is widespread concern over the issue that 作文题目. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that 观点一. In their views, there are two factors contribution to this attitude as follows: in the first place, 原因一. Futhermore, in the second place, 原因二. So it goes without saying that 观点一.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hod the idea that 观点二. In their point of view, on the one hand, 原因一. On the other hand, 原因二. Therefore, there is no doubt that 观点二.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that 观点一或观点二. It is not only because ，but also because. The more , the more .运用模板写作范例：Is Inheritance Tax the Answer to a Fair Distribution of Wealth? There is a widespread concern over the issue—whether inheritance tax is the answer to a fair distribution of wealth. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people do not think that it is advisable to levy inheritance tax on the rich people in China at present. In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, China’s economic growth relies on huge investment, but the introduction of inheritance tax will frighten away many a rich people, which will result in heavy loss of job opportunities. Furthermore, in the second place, with regard to Chinese law system, there are still some loopholes. By taking advantage of such loopholes, some rich people are still able to evade inheritance tax, which may lead to more rampant corruption. So it goes without saying that the introduction of inheritance tax can hardly achieve the well-intentioned goal—fair distribution of wealth. People,　however,　differ　in　their　opinions　on　this　matter.　Some　people　hold the idea that inheritance tax should be levied for the sake of fair distribution of wealth. In their point of view, on the one hand，with the development of market economy, the gap between the rich and the poor is getting wider and wider, which is not conducive to social stability. On the other hand, without the implementation of some favorable policies made by our central government, those who are rich would not have been able to accumulate so much wealth. Therefore, there　is no　doubt　that the rich people should shoulder more social responsibility and make more contribution to the welfare of the poor people.　　As far as I am concerned, I　firmly　support　the　view　that to a large degree, inheritance tax is an answer to the fair distribution of social wealth.　It　is not only because it is an effective way to smooth over social conflicts, but also because it will enable our country to become more competitive. The more tax our central government collects, the more powerful our country will be. In brief, the introduction of inheritance tax means better standard of living for the majority of ordinary citizens.利弊型的议论文模块：Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that) 作文题目. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in 题目议题. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, 优点一. And secondly 优点二.Just as a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, 讨论议题 is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, 缺点一，In addition, 缺点二.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题 into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the 讨论议题.自由发挥型黄金模板1：Nowadays, it is a heatedly discussed topic that 引出话题(转述问题). People have put forward various ways, such as 例1，例2，例3，etc. As for me, the best way to 主题词is 论点。