正反、反正表达法
第十讲 正反、反正表达法
“反译” 的分类
词语的反译 语言差异决定的反译
运用技巧的反译
1. 词语中的反译
a barren tract of land be at a loss be fatally ill safe and sound
不毛之地 不知所措 不可救药
安然无恙/万无一失
with dignity
不卑不亢
1. 词语中的反译
1.2英语原文使用了no, not等否定词
• The research group lost no time in carrying out their new plan. • 研究小组抓紧时间/争分夺秒执行了他们的 新计划。
2.1 英语原文带有显形否定词语、短语
• If you fail to prepare, • you prepare to fail. • 不认真准备，就准备不及格/失败吧。
2. 语言差异决定的反译
• 3）否定句译成肯定句 • I couldn’t feel better. • 我感觉好极了。
3.说 1.1 英语原文含有否定意义词缀的单词 1.2 英语原文使用了no, not等否定词 • 2、英语正说，反译成汉语反说 2.1 英语原文带有显形否定词语、短语 2.2 英语原文带有隐形否定词语、短语
• 点评：
• 英文句子中含有否定意义词缀的单词大多 数可以从正面着笔。如讲disorder不翻译 成“无序状态”，而翻译成“乱七八糟”， 两者意思一样，但从正面着笔更加顺畅。
1.1 英语原文含有否定意义词缀的单词
• Hitler’s undisguised effort to persecute the Jews met with worldwide condemnation.
正反反正表达法.doc
正反、反正表达法（Affirmative to negative & vice versa）1.Full negativesnothing, nobody, nowhere, no, not, none, never, neither, nor, etc.2.Absolute negativesnot at all, by no means, in no way, nothing short of, etc.3.Words with negative affixesde- dis- im- in- un- -less ir- il- etc.4.Semi-negativesHardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little, etc.5.Words with negative implicationfail, without, beyond, unless, lest, ignorant of, refrain, refuse, neglect, rather than, except, etc.6.It is a long lane that has no turning.7.As for the time of the attack, Hitler told his reluctant generals, “The start cannottake place too early. It is to take place in all circumstances (if at all possible) this autumn.8.It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.9.It is a wise man that makes no mistakes.10.You can’t be too careful in crossing the road.11.You can’t attach too much importance to the matter.12.We can’t be too faithful to our duty.13.“Hush!” said the gentleman who had spoken first.14.This was too much for Ruth.15.It’s a great pity that we ever had the things at all,” he said peevishly.16.There is a notice on the power line port, “Danger! Keep out!”17.Wet Paint! No smoking! Don’t disturb! Commit no nuisance! Quiet, please!18.Your letter of April 18 has come to hand but the enclosure is wanting.19.For months she had been existing without sufficient food.20.Miss Ingram was a mark beneath jealousy; she was too inferior to excite thefeeling.21.Not that it can be disputed the light toil r equisite to cultivate a moderately-sizedgarden imparts such zest to kitchen vegetables as is never found in those of the market gardener.22.This reproach of my dependence had become a vague sing-song in my ear, verypainful and crushing, but only half-intelligible.23.They have lost their fear and anger.24.His papers would be disarranged on the desk and his pipe s would be lyingaround.25.She stood still, trying vainly to answer the battery of questions the teacher raised.26.She always wore neutral expression when she was alone.27.I’d choose sherry before wine.28.In marrying this girl he married a bit more than he could chew.29.Evidently he had the first quality of an angler, which is not to measure thepleasure by the catch.30.The youth moved a pace or two nearer, and the scent of his honest heat afflictedAshurst’s nostrils.31.Working tirelessly on that isolated farm, my grandfather taught me that we shouldaccept and be grateful for what we have—whether it be much or little.32.High in the mountain, I hesitated to speak lest I disturb our tranquility.33.The mildness of its climate with slight temperature variations and infrequentrainfall, combined with a high average level of sunshine and brilliant skies, all make it ideal for tourism whether by winter or by summer.34.To big Tim that day Roosevelt looked like a cocky college kid, still wet behindthe ears.35.“Good-night, Megan!”“Good-night girl!”She was gone! With a sigh he dropped back to earth, and sitting on that chair, took off his boots. Nothing for it but to creep in and go to bed; yet for a long while he sat unmoving, his feet chilly in the dew, drunk on the memory of her lost, half-smiling face, and the clinging grip of her burning fingers, pressing the cold hey into his hand.36.Was she mocking him, in that voice of hers, which still kept some Welshcrispness against the invading burr of the West Country? If she knew! And at that moment he thought. “No, no; I’ll clear out. I won’t put myself in such a beastly false position.Exercises:1.Death before dishonor.2.He will starve to death before he will rob.3.I am damned if it is not so.4.I eat my head if he is not a bad one.5.If I haven’t lost my watch!6.Well, if this isn’t disgraceful!7.It is a good machine that never goes out of order.8.No sooner said than done.9.There were no less than 30 killed and wounded.10.No less a person than the Queen herself will perform the opening ceremony.11.“Have another drink?”“Well, I wouldn’t say no.”12.I think no end of you for coming,” he said, squeezing her hand hard.13.It is just 2 months since he learned French.14.It is almost 500 years since Christopher Columbus discovered the continent ofAmerica.。
正反,反正表达法
正反,反正表达法
正反表达法和反正表达法是两种常用的表达方式，它们分别从不同的角度来表达同一件事情。
正反表达法是先给出肯定的结论，再逐步推导出其原因和依据，而反正表达法则是先列举出一系列事实和问题，然后再得出结论。
在实际应用中，正反表达法常用于论证和解释，而反正表达法则常用于提出问题和分析。
下面分别举例说明：
正反表达法：
人类活动对环境的影响是不可忽视的。
首先，我们的生产和消费行为导致了大量的能源消耗和废弃物排放，从而给自然环境造成了严重污染和破坏。
其次，人类的城市化和工业化进程也同样对生态环境造成了巨大的压力，导致了大量的生物灭绝和生态平衡失调。
因此，我们必须采取有效措施来减轻人类活动对环境的负面影响，保护生态环境的健康和稳定。
反正表达法：
如今，我们所面临的环境问题日益严重。
大气污染、水源污染、土地荒漠化等问题都在不断加剧，给人类的生存和发展带来了巨大的挑战。
同时，气候变化、海平面上升等全球性问题也越来越受到关注。
那么，我们该如何应对这些问题，保护我们的生态环境呢？我们可以从加强环保宣传和教育入手，推广低碳生活方式，发展可再生能源等多方面入手，共同努力保护我们的环境，为未来创造更美好的世界。
第九节 正反、反正翻译法
（四）名词 1.It was said that someone had sown discord among them. 据说有人在他们中间挑拨离间。 2.Generally she accepted the family life in all its crowded inadequacy. 在通常情况下，她还是能忍受她那拥挤寒 碜的家庭生活的。 3.He took an instinctive dislike to the woman. 他本能地讨厌那女人。
正反、反正表示法
• （三）形容词 • We are watching the fluid situation with concern. • 我们关注着动荡不安的局势。 • Appearance is deceptive. • 外表是靠不住的。 • But I stood firm.(P191 line2) • 但是我丝毫没有退步。
正反、反正表示法
Байду номын сангаас
• • • •
（二）副词 We may safely say so. 我们这样说错不了。 They resumed(重新占用) their seats moodily （易生气地）. • 他们又不愉快地坐了下来。 • We live meagerly(贫乏地), but as the same time, we blessed in many ways. • 我们生活并不富裕，但在很多方面我们又 是幸运的。
（六）名词
句子中含有否定语气的名词，可译为否定句。这类名词如： defiance (不顾，无视) denial (否认，否定) exclusion (排除) freedom (不，免除) lack (无，缺乏) failure (不成功，不足，不履行) refusal ( 不愿，不允许) loss (失去)
第六讲 正说、反说
21、No refunds or exchanges without complete factory packing and sales slip. 商品退换须有完整包装并出示发票。 22、Your question beats me. 你这个问题令我迷惑不解。 23、He has not sacrificed sense to sound but to words, so he fails to make the reader understand the verse, let alone enjoy it and delight in it. 他没有因声害意，却因词害意了，因此，他不 能使读者理解原诗，更不用说“好之”或者 “乐之”了。
15、Although the incidence of cases of measles has declined, researchers 虽然麻疹发病率下降，而且根除麻疹一度被认为 fear eradication of the disease, once 指日可待，但研究人员认为根除麻疹可能还需时日。 believed to be imminent, may not come soon. 16、A dose of poison can do its work only once, but a bad book can go on 一剂毒药只能害人一次，但一本书却能无限期 poisoning people’s minds for any 毒害人的思想。 length of time.
32）He lived in an insecure building. 他住在一座危楼中。 33）The thought of returning to his native land never
英语语句翻译方法
英语语句翻译方法英语语句翻译方法有哪些?翻译其实只要掌握了方法并不难，看看下面吧!一、正反、反正表达法i.汉语从反面表达，译文从正面表达例1：他提出的论据相当不充实。
译文：The argument he put forward is pretty thin. (词) 例2：我们确信，年轻一代将不会辜负我们的信任。
译文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy ofour trust. (短语)例3：他七十岁了，可是并不显老。
译文：He was 70, but he carried his years lightly. (句子)II.汉语从正面表达，译文从反面表达例1：他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。
译文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. (词)例2：调查结果清清楚楚地显示病人死于心脏病。
译文：The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heartdisease.(短语)例3：这类举动迟早会被人觉察的。
译文：Such actions couldn’t long escape notice. (句子) III.特殊的否认句式例1：有利必有弊。
译文：There is not any advantage without disadvantage. (双重否认)例2：我们在那个城市从未因为是犹太人而遭受歧视。
译文：In that city, we had never suffereddiscrimination because we wereJews. (否认转移)二、分句、合句法I.分句法汉译英时，需要分译的句子多数是长句，或者是构造复杂的复句。
这种句子如果译成一个长句，就会使译文冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚，也不符合英文习惯。
P8正反表达
[1] 英汉两种语言习惯不同，有时英 语里正说的句子，译成汉语时不得 不处理成反说，反之亦然。所谓正 译，是指把句子按照与原语相同的 语序或表达方式译入目的语。所谓 反译则是指把句子按照与原语相反 的语序或表达方式译入目的语。正 说反译或反说正译的相互转换，其 目的主要有三个： 1. 明确语义。 2. 加强修辞。 3. 符合目的语习惯。
In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译) In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
（2） 你可以从因特网上获得这一 信息。
You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译） This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译）
English-Chinese Translation 8 Negation 正反、反正表达法
“英语和汉语均有从正面或反面来表 达一种概念的现象。翻译时，英语 里有些从下面表达的词或句子，译 文中可从反面来表达；英语里有些 从反面表达的词或句子，译文中又 可从正面来表达。”
正反、反正表达法有许多别称，如 反译法、词义反译法、反面着笔法、 语意反述法、正说反译，反说正译 法、肯否翻译法、逆向翻译法等等。
10. The evidence is conclusive, excluding all possibilities of doubt. 证据确凿，毋庸置疑。
11. Mr. White has refrained from making any official comment on the coup in that country.
正反、反正表达法(一)
正反、反正表达法这里所谓正面和反面表达法主要是指在英语里是否用no not或带有de-, dis-, im-, in-, un-, -less等等词缀的词。
在汉语里是否用不非无没有未否等字。
至于英语中的give和take, refuse和accept，以及汉语里的给和受，拒绝和接受，则都应该算是正面字眼。
另外，有些英语词如dismiss 虽然也用了这类表达反面意思的词头，但因去掉词头的动词并没有与原词相反的意思，所以也不能算作是反面表达的词汇。
英语中还有不少词，翻译时，有时似乎是从正面和反面都行得通，如correct既可以解释为正确，又可以解释为没有毛病。
译者应该根据上下文选用一种更确切地表达原文意思和内容的说法。
一、英语从正面表达，译文从反面表达The first bombs missed the target 动词第一批炸弹没有击中目标Such a chance was denied me.我没有得到这样一个机会The subversion attempts proved predictably futile. 副词不出所料，颠覆活动证明毫无效果The explanation is pretty thin.形容词这个解释是相当不充分的It was beyond his power to sign such a contract. 前置词他无权签订这种合同The guerrillas would fight to death before they surrendered. 连接词游击队员宁可战斗到死也绝不投降Both sides thought that the peace proposal was one they could accept with dignity.短语双方认为，那和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面的建议If it worked once, it can work twice句子一次得手，再次不愁He was 75, but he carries his years lightly.他七十五岁了，可是并不显老二、英语从反面表达，译文从正面表达The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations. 动词虽经他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。
第九章正反反正翻译法解析
English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2006 by Wei Jianhua All Rights Reserved
(1)动词：
excuse 对不起 lack 不足/没有 overlook 没有注意 refuse 不答应 hate 不喜欢
English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2006 by Wei Jianhua All Rights Reserved
(5)名词
little没有多少 ignorance 无知 in doubt 拿不准 refusal 不答应 out of place 不恰当/不在适当位置 absence 不在 anything but 概不/决不
●通常正面反译的单词：
miss 未赶上/未击中 fail 不及格/没有成功 ignore 不顾/不理 neglect 不注意 exclude 不包括 refrain from 忍不住… wonder 不知道 fancy 想不到 lose 抓不住 / 听不见/ 看不见
例： 1、The first bombs missed the target. 第一批炸弹没有击中目标。
1.The failure was the making of him. 这次不成功是他成功的基础。 2. The operation only just succeeded and it was fortunate that we had provided additional forces.
这次战役好不容易才取得胜利，也多亏我们增加了兵力。
English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2006 by Wei Jianhua All Rights Reserved
第十讲 正反、反正表达法
They were of course all intending to be surprised; but their astonishment was beyond their expectation…. Sir William and Lady Lucas are determined to go, merely on that account, for in general you know they visit no new comers.
由于不同民族思维方式及语言表达上的差异，一种语 言从反面表达的内容，另一种语言为求语用、修辞相 当，或出于语言习惯要以肯定的说法来翻译原文的否 定的形式，或反之。 He was 75, but he carried his years lightly. 他75岁了，可并不显老。（以反译正） The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us. 这些事件引起了我们的重视。（以正译反）
作业
Even so, I still insist that for the individual himself nothing is more important than this personal, interior sense of right and wrong and his determination to follow that rather than to be guided by what everybody does or merely the criterion of “social usefulness.”
By about six-thirty the sounds of aircraft, trucks and tanks had become quite familiar, but a series of small explosions nearby seemed cause for new anxiety. 大约到六点半，大家对飞机、卡车和坦克的声 音已经很习以为常了。但是附近一些轻微的爆 炸声似乎又造成了新的不安。 不安。 不安
第6章 正反、反正表达法
“正反译法”、“反正、正反表达法”，
即以“正”译“反”或以“反”译“正”
来表达原语的内容。
返回章重点 退出
9
Excuse me. He is above himself.
他自命不凡。
We can’t wait to meet you.
我们要立刻见到你。
Keep off the grass.
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17
The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations. 虽经他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。 The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. 调查结果清楚的说明病人死于癌症。 3）I only wish he was here himself，as I don‘t doubt he will be here at sunset tomorrow． 我希望他也在这里，我有把握，明天太阳下山 的时候，他就要来了。
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18
The scientist must approach the familiar just as carefully and cautiously as he does the unfamiliar． 科学家在处理熟知的事物时，必须像处理 陌生的事物一样小心谨慎。 He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. 他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。
正反、反正表达法
Affirmative & Negative Expressions in Translation
英语四六级翻译常用的两大方法
英语四六级翻译常用的两大方法2016年12月英语四级翻译常用方法：正反、反正表达法，分句、合句法。
正反、反正表达法由于民族文化和思维方式不同，英汉两种语言在表达同一概念时所采用的方式就有所不同。
在表达否定概念时，英语和汉语使用的词汇、语法、语言逻辑就有很大的差异。
汉语中有些词、短语或者句子是从反面表达的，而译成英语时则需要从正面进行表达，如例1、例2、例3.反之，汉语中有些从正面表达的词、短语或者句子，译成英语时需要从反面进行表达，如例4、例5、例6.此外，汉语还有一些特殊的句子结构，如双重否定(例7)、否定转移(例8)在译成英语时也需要引起我们的注意。
一、汉语与译文的表达I.汉语从反面表达，译文从正面表达例1：他提出的论据相当不充实。
译文：The argument he put forward is pretty thin. (词)例2：我们确信，年轻一代将不会辜负我们的信任。
译文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust. (短语)例3：他七十岁了，可是并不显老。
译文：He was 70，but he carried his years lightly. (句子)II.汉语从正面表达，译文从反面表达例4：他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。
译文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. (词)例5：调查结果清清楚楚地显示病人死于心脏病。
译文：The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heart disease.(短语)例6：这类举动迟早会被人发觉的。
译文：Such actions couldn‘t long escape notice. (句子)III.特殊的否定句式例7：有利必有弊。
Unit 12 翻译技巧--正反译法
IV. Double Negative for Emphasis 1. There is no rule that has no exception. 2. It never rains but it pours. 3. It is impossible but that a man will make some mistakes. 4. I am not reluctant to accept your proposal. 5. Its significance and importance can never be overemphasized.
正反、反正表达法阐述
正如前面，所讲每一种语言都有自己独特的否 定方式。由于英、汉语之间存在着很大差别， 在翻译时可以根据英、汉语各自的特点及其表 达习惯等，进行正反互译， 即英语从正面表达， 汉语可以从反面翻译；英语从反面表达， 汉语 可以从正面翻译， 从而使译文符合译语的表达 习惯、达到强调或修辞的目的或准确地表达出 原文的精神风貌。
VII．Negation According to Usage
As the saying goes, “Men only weep when deeply hurt.” These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion. “Just to have a word with Wang. I won’t be long! ”
Don’t lose time in posting this letter. (短语) 赶快把这封信寄出去。 The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. (短语) 调查的结果清清楚楚说明病人死于癌症。 Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. (短语) 今天下午学生统统要交书面作业。 Such fights couldn’t long escape notice. 这类飞行迟早要会被人发觉的。 She saw at once that Phil was not all right. 她马上看到菲尓出了毛病。
正反反正表达法.doc
正反反正表达法.doc正反、反正表达法（Affirmative to negative & vice versa）1.Full negativesnothing, nobody, nowhere, no, not, none, never, neither, nor, etc.2.Absolute negativesnot at all, by no means, in no way, nothing short of, etc.3.Words with negative affixesde- dis- im- in- un- -less ir- il- etc.4.Semi-negativesHardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little, etc.5.Words with negative implicationfail, without, beyond, unless, lest, ignorant of, refrain, refuse, neglect, rather than, except, etc.6.It is a long lane that has no turning.7.As for the time of the attack, Hitler told his reluctant generals, “The start cannottake place too early. It is to take place in all circumstances (if at all possible) this autumn.8.It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.9.It is a wise man that makes no mistakes.10.You can’t be too careful in crossing the road.11.You can’t attach too much importance to the matter.12.We can’t be too faithful to our duty.13.“Hush!” said the gentleman who had spoken first.14.This was too much for Ruth.15.It’s a great pity that we ever had the things at all,” he said peevishly.16.There is a notice on the power line port, “Danger! Keepout!”17.Wet Paint! No smoking! Don’t disturb! Commit no nuisance! Quiet, please!18.Your letter of April 18 has come to hand but the enclosure is wanting.19.For months she had been existing without sufficient food.20.Miss Ingram was a mark beneath jealousy; she was too inferior to excite thefeeling.21.Not that it can be disputed the light toil r equisite to cultivate a moderately-sizedgarden imparts such zest to kitchen vegetables as is never found in those of the market gardener.22.This reproach of my dependence had become a vague sing-song in my ear, verypainful and crushing, but only half-intelligible.23.They have lost their fear and anger.24.His papers would be disarranged on the desk and his pipe s would be lyingaround.25.She stood still, trying vainly to answer the battery of questions the teacher raised.26.She always wore neutral expression when she was alone.27.I’d choose sherry before wine.28.In marrying this girl he married a bit more than he could chew.29.Evidently he had the first quality of an angler, which is not to measure thepleasure by the catch.30.The youth moved a pace or two nearer, and the scent ofhis honest heat afflictedAshurst’s nostrils.31.Working tirelessly on that isolated farm, my grandfather taught me that we shouldaccept and be grateful for what we have—whether it be much or little.32.High in the mountain, I hesitated to speak lest I disturb our tranquility.33.The mildness of its climate with slight temperature variations and infrequentrainfall, combined with a high average level of sunshine and brilliant skies, all make it ideal for tourism whether by winter or by summer.34.To big Tim that day Roosevelt looked like a cocky college kid, still wet behindthe ears.35.“Good-night, Megan!”“Good-night girl!”She was gone! With a sigh he dropped back to earth, and sitting on that chair, took off his boots. Nothing for it but to creep in and go to bed; yet for a long while he sat unmoving, his feet chilly in the dew, drunk on the memory of her lost, half-smiling face, and the clinging grip of her burning fingers, pressing the cold hey into his hand.36.Was she mocking him, in that voice of hers, which still kept some Welshcrispness against the invading burr of the West Country? If she knew! And at that moment he thought. “No, no; I’ll clear out. I won’t put myself in such a beastly false position.Exercises:1.Death before dishonor.2.He will starve to death before he will rob.3.I am damned if it is not so.4.I eat my head if he is not a bad one.5.If I haven’t lost my watch!6.Well, if thi s isn’t disgraceful!7.It is a good machine that never goes out of order.8.No sooner said than done.9.There were no less than 30 killed and wounded.10.No less a person than the Queen herself will perform the opening ceremony.11.“Have another drink?”“Well, I wouldn’t say no.”12.I think no end of you for coming,” he said, squeezing her hand hard.13.It is just 2 months since he learned French.14.It is almost 500 years since Christopher Columbus discovered the continent ofAmerica.。
正反反正表达法
2.Many agreed that the Prime Minister had in effect resigned dishonorably.许多人认为首相辞职实际上是很丢面子的。
（三）形容词 1.He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.他这 个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。 2.All the articles are untouchable in the museum.博物馆内一 切展品禁止触摸。 （四）名词 1.It was said that someone had sown discord among them.据说有 人在他们中间挑拨离间。 2.He manifested a strong dislike for his father’s business.他对他父 亲的行业表示出强烈的厌恶情绪。
2.Such flights couldn't long escape notice.这类飞行 迟早会被人发觉的。
2. Such a chance was denied me. 我没有得到这样一个机会
（二）副词
Eg: 1.We may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失。
2.A：The boy is quite clever. 甲：这孩子很聪明。
B:Exactly. B：一点儿不错
（三）形容词 1.He’s not stupid, merely ignorant. 他并不愚笨，仅仅是无知而已。 2.The explanation is pretty thin. 这个解释是相当ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ充分的。
2.The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanations.虽然他一再解释， 但疑团仍然存在。 (二）副词
Unit_8_正反、反正表达法
Practice
1、肯定译否定，更能传神达意
例1：In the high altitude snow and ice remain all
the year. 【译文】海拔高的地方，冰雪常年不化。 例2：The explanation is pretty thin. 【译文】这个解释很不详细。 例3：Slips are scarcely avoidable when you’re
返回章重点 退出
正话反说，肯定译否定 英语中有一些句子，句式是肯定
句，意义却是否定的。可根据词句的 涵义，按汉语表达习惯，肯定译否定， 通顺自然，语言地道。
17 返回章重点 退出
例1：The window refuses to open. 【译文】窗户打不开。 例2：It is a wise father that knows his own child. 【译文】聪明的父亲也未必了解自己的儿子。
“it be +adj. +n.+ that” It is good workman that never blunders. 智者千虑，必有一失。 It is a long lane that has no turning. 路必有弯，事必有变。
18 返回章重点 退出
例4： She refrained from laughing. 【译文】她忍住没有笑。 例5：The thick carpet killed the
他决不会说这样的话。 6. Haste makes waste.
欲速则不达
4
返回章重点 退出
5 返回章重点 退出
如何翻译????
▪ 我们做鸡是对的？ 我们做鸡正点耶~~ 我们就是做鸡的。 我们有做鸡的权利。 我们只做鸡的右半边 我们可以做鸡，对吧！！ 我们行使了鸡的权利 我们只做右边的鸡...... 我们让鸡向右看齐 我们只做正确（正版）的鸡！ 我们只做正确的 我们一定要把鸡打成右派！！！
WK 13 正反反正表达法
• Excuse me. • 对不起。 • （原文从正面表达，译文从反面表达。）
• “Don’t stop working,‖ he said. （反面表 达） • 他说，“继续干活吧。”（正面表达）
• He went into the insecure building.（反面表达） • 他走进那所危楼。 （正面表达，有强调的作用） • 他走进那所不安全的大楼。(反面表达，语气不 如上文强）
• 6．句子 • 1）Such flights couldn’t long escape notice. • 这类飞行迟早要会被人发觉的。 • 2）Ashurst saw at once that Phil was not all right. • 艾舍斯特马上看到菲尓出了毛病。
三、汉译英正说反译法
一、英语从正面表达，译文从反面表达 • 1．动词
• Such a chance denied me. • 我没有得到这样一个机会。
• The first bombs missed the target. • 第一批炸弹没有击中目标。
• The two teams tied. • 两队不分胜负。 • “If we lose our lives, then you’ll lose yours!‖ she said with a laugh. • 她笑着说：“如果我们的性命保不住的话， 那你的性命也保不住。”
• 5. 连接词
• I will not go unless I hear from him. • 如果他不通知我，我就不去。 • The guerillas would fight to death before they surrendered. • 游击队员宁愿战斗到死，而决不投降。
正反
英语从正面表达，译文从反面表达
(二）副词 1）we may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失（或错不了） 2）They resumed their seats moodily. 他们又不愉快地坐下来了。 3)Subversion attempts proved predictably futile.
定义：这里所谓正面和反面表达主要是指在英语里是否用no，not或者 带有de-，dis-,im-,in-,un-,less-等等词缀的词，在汉语里是否用“不”， “非”，“无”，“没（有）”，“未”，“否”等字。至于英语中 的give和take,refuse 和accept，以及汉语中的“给”和“受”，“拒 绝”和“接受”，则应都算是正面字眼。另外注意的是，有些英语词， 如dismiss(下课，令退），虽然也用了这些反面表达的词头，但因去
英语从反面表达，译文从正面表达
（二）名词 1）I wantched with disbelif as a number was put on my right forearm---82585. 当一个号码---82585被刺在我右前臂时，我怀疑地看着。 2）He manifested a strong dislike for his father's business.
英语从反面表达，译文从正面表达
（五）句子 1)The significance of these incidents wasn't lose on me. 这些事件引起了我们的重视。 2）Such flights couldn't long escape notice. 这类飞行迟早会被人发觉得。
掉词头的动词并没有与原词相反的意义，所以也不能算作反面表达的 词。
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The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated explanation. The explanation left no doubt that the patient had died of cancer. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us. Such flights couldn’t long escape notice.
多样的否定形式 he didn’t half like that girl. 他非常喜欢那姑娘。 i couldn’t feel better. 我觉得身体好极了 if that isn’t what I want! 我所要的就是这个呀！ he can’t see you quickly enough. 他很想尽快和你见面。
Life is far from being a bed of roses. 生活远非尽乐事。 Your article failed to get to the root of the issue. 你的文章未能接触问题的实质。 You are free from blame. 你没有过错。 I met Mary just short of the door. 还未到门口我遇见了玛丽。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
多样的肯定形式
Bikini was the last thing she’d like to wear. 她最不喜欢穿比基尼式泳装。 I’m wiser than to believe what you call money talks. 我才不至于蠢到竟然相信你所说的金钱万 能呢。
The situation had got beyond him. 局势已非他所能控制。 所有期刊及杂志不得带出室外。 All the periodicals and newspapers should remain in the reading-room.
EXCERISES
He knew he was mortally ill. The first bombs missed the target. We may safely say so. The subversion attempts proved predictably futile. It would be most disastrous if even a rumor of it were given out. We are watching the fluid situation with concern. The explanation is pretty thin. His refusal is not final. The guerrillas would fight to death before they surrendered. They found themselves far from ready to fight the war.
正反、反正表达法
2006、11、20
否 定
in 英 语
to my no small astonishment, I found the house on fire. 我发现房子着火了，这使我大吃一惊。 it serves no little purpose to continue public discussion of the issue. 继续公开讨论这一问题是大有用处的。 there is no untroubled place in this troubled world. 这多灾多难的世界没有任何太平的乐土。
one could not be too careful in a new neighborhood. 在一个陌生的地方，越小心越好。 I couldn’t agree with you more. Someone’s got to be tough if you want to stay in business. 我太赞成你的看法了。想做生意，就得有 铁石心肠。 it is a wise man that never makes mistakes. 智者千虑，必有一失。
He would do anything he was asked to do but return to his old life. 叫他干什么他都原意，只要不再过以往那种 日子就行。 the people in this war crushed Hilterism and saved the world from slavery. 在这场战争中，各国人民推毁了希特勒主义， 使世界免遭奴役。 what has made you so out of humor today? 今天什么事使你这么不高兴？
肯定形式IN 英语
You could have come at a better time. 你来得不是时候。 As if anyone would believe that story. 别人才不信那一套哩。 Are you telling me? I know all about it. 不用你告诉我了，我全知道了。 I know better. 我认为并非如此。
tell your old story to someone who believes it. 我才不相信你这套老话呢。 let me catch you at it again. 别再干这种事了。 I’ll see you dead before I accept your term. 见鬼去吧，我才不接受你的条件呢。